| Description |
Advances in intensive farming and antimicrobials have substantially reshaped the paradigm of the pig industry, as well as the evolution of its associated zoonotic pathogens, such as Salmonella enterica. Here we investigated nine swine-enriched S. enterica populations encompassing >9000 genomes, with a focus on serovar Choleraesuis. We investigated the population fluctuation, accumulation of antimicrobial-resistant genes (ARGs), and international transmission of Choleraesuis over the past 100 years, attributing most of its changes to the development of the modern pig industry. We also showed that all swine-enriched salmonellae experienced host transfers or population expansions in swine, which is now contributing to the majority of their contemporary transmissions. Furthermore, we revealed strong associations between the transmission of swine-enriched salmonellae and the global pork trade, calling for research and intervention into the worldwide spread of S. enterica via intensive farming and international transportation of swine-associated products. |
