| GO:0007186 |
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway |
biological_process |
A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane. |
| GO:0016021 |
integral component of membrane |
cellular_component |
The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| GO:0006935 |
chemotaxis |
biological_process |
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism, or the directed growth of a cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). |
| GO:0004930 |
G protein-coupled receptor activity |
molecular_function |
Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. |
| GO:0006955 |
immune response |
biological_process |
Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. |
| GO:0006954 |
inflammatory response |
biological_process |
The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. |
| GO:0004950 |
chemokine receptor activity |
molecular_function |
Combining with a chemokine, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Chemokines are a family of small chemotactic cytokines; their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria. |
| GO:0016493 |
C-C chemokine receptor activity |
molecular_function |
Combining with a C-C chemokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. C-C chemokines do not have an amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four-cysteine motif. |
| GO:0005623 |
obsolete cell |
cellular_component |
OBSOLETE. The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. |
| GO:0016020 |
membrane |
cellular_component |
A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| GO:0005886 |
plasma membrane |
cellular_component |
The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
| GO:0005515 |
protein binding |
molecular_function |
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| GO:0007165 |
signal transduction |
biological_process |
The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| GO:0070098 |
chemokine-mediated signaling pathway |
biological_process |
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a chemokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| GO:0009897 |
external side of plasma membrane |
cellular_component |
The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface. |
| GO:0060326 |
cell chemotaxis |
biological_process |
The directed movement of a motile cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). |
| GO:0001764 |
neuron migration |
biological_process |
The characteristic movement of an immature neuron from germinal zones to specific positions where they will reside as they mature. |
| GO:0002507 |
tolerance induction |
biological_process |
A process that directly activates any of the steps required for tolerance, a physiologic state in which the immune system does not react destructively against the components of an organism that harbors it or against antigens that are introduced to it. |
| GO:0009314 |
response to radiation |
biological_process |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. |
| GO:0009617 |
response to bacterium |
biological_process |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a bacterium. |
| GO:0046677 |
response to antibiotic |
biological_process |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antibiotic stimulus. An antibiotic is a chemical substance produced by a microorganism which has the capacity to inhibit the growth of or to kill other microorganisms. |
| GO:0048872 |
homeostasis of number of cells |
biological_process |
Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells. |
| GO:0050927 |
positive regulation of positive chemotaxis |
biological_process |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical. |
| GO:0043025 |
neuronal cell body |
cellular_component |
The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. |
| GO:0005887 |
integral component of plasma membrane |
cellular_component |
The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| GO:0019956 |
chemokine binding |
molecular_function |
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a chemokine. Chemokines are a family of small chemotactic cytokines; their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria. |
| GO:0019957 |
C-C chemokine binding |
molecular_function |
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a C-C chemokine; C-C chemokines do not have an amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four-cysteine motif. |
| GO:0007204 |
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration |
biological_process |
Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol. |
| GO:0019722 |
calcium-mediated signaling |
biological_process |
Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via calcium ions. |
