概要: The human airway epithelium is the initial site of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We used flow cytometry and single cell RNAseq to understand how the heterogeneity of this diverse cell population contributes to elements of viral tropism and pathogenesis, antiviral immunity, and treatment response to remdesivir. We found that, while a variety of cell types are susceptible to infection, ciliated cells are a predominant cell target for SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir treatment effectively inhibited viral replication across cell types, and blunted hyperinflammatory responses. We also found that heavily infected epithelial cells demonstrate impaired IFN signaling and express abundant IL-6, a potential mediator of COVID-19 pathogenesis.
项目整体设计: Basal layer of medium was replaced with infection media (DMEM with 2% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin and streptomycin, 10 mM HEPES, 0.1 mM nonessential amino acids, 4 mM L-glutamate, and 1mM sodium pyruvate). Wells were left untreated, or treated with 100 ng of IFN-b or 0.1 mM remdesivir in the basal compartment for 1 hr prior to infection. For infection, SARS-CoV-2 strain 2019-nCoV/USA_WA1/2020 (provided by World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses at the University of Texas Medical Branch) and icSARS-CoV-2-mNG, were added directly to the apical layer of cells for 1 hr at 37掳C with rocking every 10 min. The virus was removed from the apical compartment and cells were incubated at 37掳C until harvest.
nHTBE cells (Lonza Bioscience, CC-2540S) harvested from healthy individuals were expanded using PneumacultEx Plus (Stem Cell Technologies) and seeded on 24 well hanging inserts, 0.4 pore (Corning, USA) and were maintained at ALI for 21+ days in a PneumacultALI growth medium (Stem Cell Technologies) at 37掳C/5% CO2 in a humidified incubator. Cells were used 21+ days post ALI for experiments.
处理方案:
Basal layer of medium was replaced with infection media (DMEM with 2% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin and streptomycin, 10 mM HEPES, 0.1 mM nonessential amino acids, 4 mM L-glutamate, and 1mM sodium pyruvate). Wells were left untreated, or treated with 100 ng of IFNor 0.1 remdesivir in the basal compartment for 1 hr prior to infection. For infection, SARS-CoV-2 strain 2019-nCoV/USA_WA1/2020 (provided by World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses at the University of Texas Medical Branch) and icSARS-CoV-2-mNG, were added directly to the apical layer of cells for 1 hr at 37 with rocking every 10 min. The virus was removed from the apical compartment and cells were incubated at 37 until harvest.
提取方案:
Cells were washed and trypsinzed using ReagentPackSubculture Reagents (Lonza Bioscience). Single cell suspensions were washed with PBS + 5% FBS, resuspended in 200 L PBS + 5% FBS, passed through a 70 filter, and placed on ice. Cells were counted using trypan blue exclusion on a Luna II (Logos Biosystems). The appropriate numbers of cells to achieve a targeted cell input of 5,000 cells per condition were used to generate the GEMs (Gel Bead-In Emulsion). The Chromium Next GEM Single Cell 3Gel beads v3.1 kit (10X Genomics, Pleasanton, CA, USA) was used to create GEMs following manufacturer instruction. All samples and reagents were prepared and loaded into the chip and ran in the Chromium Controller for GEM generation and barcoding.
建库方案:
GEMs generated were used for cDNA synthesis and library preparation using the Chromium Single Cell 3 Library Kit v3.1 (10X Genomics) following the manufacturer instruction.; -
测序信息
分子类型:
Poly(A)+ RNA
库的片段类型:
PAIRED
库的链类型:
-
测序平台:
ILLUMINA
测序仪型号:
Illumina NovaSeq 6000
链特异性:
-
样本
基本信息:
样本描述:
生物条件:
实验变量:
方案:
测序信息:
质量评估:
数据来源
GEN样本编号
GEN数据集编号
系列编号
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样本编号
样本名称
生物样本编号
样本访问号
实验访问号
释放时间
提交时间
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物种
种族
族裔
年龄
年龄单位
性别
来源名称
组织
细胞类型
细胞亚型
细胞系
疾病
疾病状态
发育阶段
突变/变异
表型
Condition Detail
生长方案
处理方案
提取方案
建库方案
分子类型
库的片段类型
链特异性
库的链类型
加标(Spike-In)
测序方法
测序平台
测序仪型号
细胞数
测序片段数
碱基数
平均测序片段长度_1
平均测序片段长度_2
唯一比对率
多重比对率
覆盖度
文章
Single cell resolution of SARS-CoV-2 tropism, antiviral responses, and susceptibility to therapies in primary human airway epithelium.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology . 2020-10-19 [PMID:
33106802]