Difference between revisions of "NONHSAT076153"
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| − | ''PCGEM1'' (Prostate cancer gene expression marker 1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa) cells that promotes PCa initiation and progression and protects against chemotherapy-induced apoptosis <ref name="ref4" />. PCGEM1 has been | + | ''PCGEM1'' (Prostate cancer gene expression marker 1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa) cells that promotes PCa initiation and progression and protects against chemotherapy-induced apoptosis <ref name="ref4" />. PCGEM1 has been characterized as a high-risk PCa marker and a potential biomarker for neoplasms responsive to chemoprevention by phytosterols <ref name="ref2" />. |
==Annotated Information== | ==Annotated Information== | ||
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===Characteristics=== | ===Characteristics=== | ||
| − | ''PCGEM1'' is located at human chromosome 2q32.3 | + | ''PCGEM1'' is located at human chromosome 2q32.3 and spannining the genomic region of spanning the 27054 bp, consists of three exons that comprehends 1603 bp (GenBank) <ref name="ref8" />. |
===Function=== | ===Function=== | ||
Revision as of 08:46, 14 November 2018
PCGEM1 (Prostate cancer gene expression marker 1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa) cells that promotes PCa initiation and progression and protects against chemotherapy-induced apoptosis [1]. PCGEM1 has been characterized as a high-risk PCa marker and a potential biomarker for neoplasms responsive to chemoprevention by phytosterols [2].
Contents
Annotated Information
Name
PCGEM1: Prostate-specific transcript, LINC00071 (HGNC)
Characteristics
PCGEM1 is located at human chromosome 2q32.3 and spannining the genomic region of spanning the 27054 bp, consists of three exons that comprehends 1603 bp (GenBank) [3].
Function
PCGEM1 regulates prostate cancer cell growth and tumor metabolism [4][1][2]. PCGEM1 regulates metabolism at a transcriptional level that affects multiple metabolic pathways, including glucose and glutamine metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, nucleotide and fatty acid biosynthesis, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The PCGEM1-mediated gene regulation takes place in part through AR activation, but predominantly through c-Myc activation, regardless of hormone or AR status. PCGEM1 binds directly to target promoters, physically interacts with c-Myc, promotes chromatin recruitment of c-Myc, and enhances its transactivation activity [4].
Over-expression of PCGEM1 leads to inhibition of apoptosis induced by doxorubicin [5]. PCGEM1 and PRNCR1 interact with the androgen receptor (AR) bound at DNA-enhancer regions in a ligand-dependent fashion and facilitate the chromosomal looping between AR-bound enhancers and the promoter sequences of androgen-responsive genes [2].
Reciprocal regulation of PCGEM1 and miR-145 promote proliferation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells and nu/nu PCa tumor growth. Both downregulation of a tumor-promoting long noncoding RNA PCGEM1 or overexpression of the tumor suppressor miR-145 reduced the proliferation and invasive capacity of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo [1].
Disease
prostate cancer
Expression
PCGEM1, was expressed exclusively in human prostate tissue, was dramatically upregulated in PCa tissues compared with normal prostate tissues. Prostate tissue-specific and prostate cancer-associated (Srikantan 2000). Cholesterols upregulate the expression of PCGEM1 even in androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cell lines while phytosterols reverse this effect (Ifere 2009). PCGEM1 overexpression in LNCaP and in NIH3T3 cells promotes cell proliferation and a dramatic increase in colony formation, suggesting a biological role of PCGEM1 in cell growth regulation (Petrovics 2004). Low specificity as a biomarker for prostate cancer (14%) (Bialkowska-Hobrzanska 2006).
| Experiment | Forward primer | Reverse primer |
|---|---|---|
| Quantitative PCR | 5′-TGCCTCAGCCTCCCAAGTAAC-3′ | 5′-GGCCAAAATAAAACCAAACAT-3′[6] |
| siRNA | 5′-GCCCUACCUAUGAUUUCAUAU-3′ | 5′-AUAUGAAAUCAUAGGUAGGGC-3′[1] |
| qRT-PCR | 5′-CACGTGGAGGACTAAGGGTA-3′ | 5′-TTGCAACAAGGGCATTTCAG-3′[1] |
Regulation
p54/nrb interact with the PCGEM1 promoter and regulate PCGEM1 [7].
Allelic Information and Variation
PCGEM1 polymorphisms may contribute to PCa risk in Chinese men. Men carrying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PCGEM1, i.e. rs6434568 AC and rs16834898 AC, had a lower PCa risk in comparison to the ones harboring CC and AA genotypes, respectively [8].
Labs working on this lncRNA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, USA.
- Graduate Program, Kellogg School of Science and Technology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
- Bioinformatics and System Biology Program, Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.[8]
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.[8]
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.[8]
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.[8]
- Department of Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 East Tianyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China. [8]
- Department of Laboratory, Central Hospital of Panyu District, 8 Fuyu Dong Road, shiqiao, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P R China.[1]
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China.[1]
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.[7]
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.[7]
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.[7]
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.[7]
- System Biosciences, Mountain View, CA, USA.[7]
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.[7]
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.[7]
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.[7]
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817.[4]
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan.[4]
- Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 He J H, Zhang J, Han Z P, et al. Reciprocal regulation of PCGEM1 and miR-145 promote proliferation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells[J]. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research. 2014, 33(1):72.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Martens-Uzunova ES, Böttcher R, Croce CM, Jenster G, Visakorpi T & Calin GA. Long Noncoding RNA in Prostate, Bladder, and Kidney Cancer[J]. European Urology. 2014, 65(6):1140-1151.
- ↑ Srikantan V, Zou Z, Petrovics G, et al. PCGEM1, a prostate-specific gene, is overexpressed in prostate cancer[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2000, 97(22): 12216-12221.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Hung C L, Wang L Y, Yu Y L, et al. A long noncoding RNA connects c-Myc to tumor metabolism[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2014, 111(52):18697-18702.
- ↑ Fu X, Ravindranath L, Tran N, Petrovics G & Srivastava S. Regulation of apoptosis by a prostate-specific and prostate cancer-associated noncoding gene, PCGEM1[J]. DNA and cell biology. 2006, 25(3):135-141.
- ↑ Srikantan V, Zou Z, Petrovics G, et al. PCGEM1, a prostate-specific gene, is overexpressed in prostate cancer[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2000, 97(22):12216-12221.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 Ho T T, Huang J, Zhou N, et al. Regulation of PCGEM1 by p54/nrb in prostate cancer[J]. Scientific reports, 2016, 6: 34529.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Xue Y, Wang M, Kang M, et al. Association between lncrna PCGEM1 polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk[J]. Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases. 2013, 16(2):139.
Basic Information
| Transcript ID |
NONHSAT076153 |
| Source |
NONCODE4.0 |
| Same with |
, |
| Classification |
intergenic |
| Length |
1603 nt |
| Genomic location |
chr2+:193614571..193641625 |
| Exon number |
3 |
| Exons |
193614571..193614754,193615515..193615598,193640304..193641625 |
| Genome context |
|
| Sequence |
>gi |
