Difference between revisions of "LINC-ROR"

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''LINC-ROR'', a long non-coding RNA gene that regulates the reprogramming of pluripotent stem cells.
 
==Annotated Information==
 
==Annotated Information==
 
===Name===
 
===Name===
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LINC-ROR:long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, regulator of reprogramming<ref name="ref1" />
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Approved symbol: LINC-ROR
 +
 
 +
Approved name: long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, regulator of reprogramming
 +
 
 +
HGNC ID: HGNC:43773
 +
 
 +
Previous names: 7SK, 7SK small nuclear
  
 +
Alias symbols: lincRNA-RoR; lincRNA-ST8SIA3; ROR
  
 +
RefSeq ID: NR_048536
  
 
===Characteristics===
 
===Characteristics===
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The RoR gene is 2.6 kb in length, located in chromosome 18 (hg19 chr18:54,721,802-54,739,350), consisting of four exons. <ref name="ref2" />
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The ''LINC-ROR'' gene is 2.6 kb in length, located in chromosome 18 (18q21.31), consisting of four exons <ref name="ref2" />.
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===Cellular Localization===
 
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18q21.31
 
  
 
===Function===
 
===Function===
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[[File:LincRNA-RoR-1.JPG|right|thumb|400px|'''A competition for miR-145 between linc-RoR and mRNAs encoding the core TFs'''<ref name="ref4" />.]]
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''LINC-ROR'' is first found to modulate reprogramming of human induced pluripotent stem cells. ''LINC-ROR'' is p53 repressor in response to DNA damage  <ref name="ref1" />.
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LINC-ROR can modulate reprogramming of human differentiated cells  to induce pluripotent stem cells.<ref name="ref1" />  
 
  
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RoR can also function as a negative regulator of p53 through interaction with an RNA binding protein, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein I. Importantly, a 28-base RoR sequence carrying hnRNP I binding motifs is essential and suffcient for p53 repression. In addition, it can inhibit p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.<ref name="ref2" />
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''LINC-ROR'' can suppress p53 translation through direct interaction with the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein I (hnRNP I), and inhibit p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis <ref name="ref2" />.
  
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Linc-RoR functions as an endogenous miRNA sponge for differentiation-related miRNAs. and linc-RoR, miRNAs, and the core TFs can form a regulatory circuit consisting of autoregulatory and dualnegative feedback loops during embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal. This regulatory loop maintains a relative balance in self-renewing human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to resist slight environmental changes and to elicit a rapid response to strong differentiation signals that promote hESCs differentiation. <ref name="ref3" />  
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''LINC-ROR'' also functions as an endogenous miRNA sponge and antagonizes miR-145 to critically regulate the levels of pluripotency transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog, in order to ensure embryonic stem cell self-renewal <ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />.
  
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Linc-RoR modulates miR-145 levels, a sits overexpression diminishes endogenous miR-145 in self-renewing hESCs and drastically delays the increase in miR-145 upon hESC differentiation.<ref name="ref4" />  
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[[File:LincRNA-RoR-1.JPG|right|thumb|600px|'''A competition for miR-145 between ''linc-RoR'' and mRNAs encoding the core TFs'''<ref name="ref4"/>.]]
  
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Linc-RoR can modulate cellular responses during hypoxic stress through modulation of HIF-1a and its downstream targets.<ref name="ref5" />  
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''LINC-ROR'' is involved in modulation of hypoxia-signaling pathways through modulation of HIF-1a and its downstream targets <ref name="ref5" />.
  
 
===Regulation===
 
===Regulation===
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RoR-p53 autoregulatory feedback loop where p53 transcriptionally induces RoR expression. <ref name="ref2" />
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''LINC-ROR'' and p53 form a RoR-p53 autoregulatory feedback loop where p53 transcriptionally induces RoR expression <ref name="ref2" />.
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Linc-RoR transcription ias mainly controlled by the core TFs Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog.<ref name="ref2" />
+
 
 +
''LINC-ROR'' transcription is mainly controlled by the core TFs Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />.
  
 
===Diseases===
 
===Diseases===
Line 32: Line 37:
  
 
===Expression===
 
===Expression===
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RoR is highly expressed in embryonic stem cells and iPSCs.<ref name="ref2" />
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''LINC-ROR'' is highly expressed in embryonic stem cells and iPSCs <ref name="ref2" />.
  
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In self-renewing human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), linc-RoR is expressed at a high level and removes trace transcribed miRNAs when hESCs are subjected to temporary and slight differentiation agents.<ref name="ref3" />
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In self-renewing human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), ''LINC-ROR'' is expressed at a high level <ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />.
  
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Linc-RoR expression is increased in hypoxic regions within tumor cell xenografts in vivo and is highly expressed in extracellular RNA released by hepatocellular cancer (HCC) cells during hypoxia<ref name="ref5" />
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''LINC-ROR'' expression is increased in hypoxic regions within tumor cell xenografts in vivo and is highly expressed in extracellular RNA released by hepatocellular cancer (HCC) cells during hypoxia <ref name="ref5" />.
  
 
===Sequence===
 
===Sequence===
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*Yale Stem Cell Center and Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06509, USA.<ref name="ref4" />
 
*Yale Stem Cell Center and Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06509, USA.<ref name="ref4" />
 
   
 
   
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*Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.<ref name="ref5" />  
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*Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.<ref name="ref5" />
 +
 
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
<references>
 
<references>
 
<ref name="ref1">
 
<ref name="ref1">
−
Loewer S, Cabili MN, Guttman M, Loh YH, Thomas K, Park IH, Garber M, Curran M,
+
Loewer S, Cabili MN, Guttman M, Loh Y-H, Thomas K, Park IH et al. Large intergenic non-coding RNA-RoR modulates reprogramming of human induced pluripotent stem cells[J]. Nature genetics. 2010, 42(12):1113-1117.
−
Onder T, Agarwal S, Manos PD, Datta S, Lander ES, Schlaeger TM, Daley GQ, Rinn
 
−
JL. Large intergenic non-coding RNA-RoR modulates reprogramming of human induced  
 
−
pluripotent stem cells. Nat Genet. 2010 Dec;42(12):1113-7.
 
 
</ref>
 
</ref>
 +
 
<ref name="ref2">
 
<ref name="ref2">
 
Zhang A, Zhou N, Huang J, Liu Q, Fukuda K, Ma D, Lu Z, Bai C, Watabe K, Mo YY.
 
Zhang A, Zhou N, Huang J, Liu Q, Fukuda K, Ma D, Lu Z, Bai C, Watabe K, Mo YY.
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The human long non-coding RNA-RoR is a p53 repressor in response to DNA damage.
+
The human long non-coding RNA-RoR is a p53 repressor in response to DNA damage[J].
−
Cell Res. 2013 Mar;23(3):340-50.
+
Cell research. 2013,23(3):340-50.
 
</ref>
 
</ref>
 +
 
<ref name="ref3">
 
<ref name="ref3">
 
Wang Y, Xu Z, Jiang J, Xu C, Kang J, Xiao L, Wu M, Xiong J, Guo X, Liu H.
 
Wang Y, Xu Z, Jiang J, Xu C, Kang J, Xiao L, Wu M, Xiong J, Guo X, Liu H.
 
Endogenous miRNA sponge lincRNA-RoR regulates Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2 in human
 
Endogenous miRNA sponge lincRNA-RoR regulates Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2 in human
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embryonic stem cell self-renewal. Dev Cell. 2013 Apr 15;25(1):69-80.
+
embryonic stem cell self-renewal[J]. Developmental cell. 2013,25(1):69-80.
 
</ref>
 
</ref>
 +
 
<ref name="ref4">
 
<ref name="ref4">
 
Cheng EC, Lin H. Repressing the repressor: a lincRNA as a MicroRNA sponge in
 
Cheng EC, Lin H. Repressing the repressor: a lincRNA as a MicroRNA sponge in
−
embryonic stem cell self-renewal. Dev Cell. 2013 Apr 15;25(1):1-2. doi:
+
embryonic stem cell self-renewal[J]. Developmental cell. 2013,25(1):1-2.
−
10.1016/j.devcel.2013.03.020.
 
 
</ref>
 
</ref>
 +
 
<ref name="ref5">
 
<ref name="ref5">
 
Takahashi K, Yan IK, Haga H, Patel T. Modulation of hypoxia-signaling pathways
 
Takahashi K, Yan IK, Haga H, Patel T. Modulation of hypoxia-signaling pathways
−
by extracellular linc-RoR. J Cell Sci. 2014 Apr 1;127(Pt 7):1585-94. doi:
+
by extracellular linc-RoR[J] Journal of cell science. 2014,127(Pt 7):1585-94.
−
10.1242/jcs.141069. Epub 2014 Jan 24.
 
 
</ref>
 
</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>

Latest revision as of 06:15, 10 August 2019

LINC-ROR, a long non-coding RNA gene that regulates the reprogramming of pluripotent stem cells.

Annotated Information

Name

Approved symbol: LINC-ROR

Approved name: long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, regulator of reprogramming

HGNC ID: HGNC:43773

Previous names: 7SK, 7SK small nuclear

Alias symbols: lincRNA-RoR; lincRNA-ST8SIA3; ROR

RefSeq ID: NR_048536

Characteristics

The LINC-ROR gene is 2.6 kb in length, located in chromosome 18 (18q21.31), consisting of four exons [1].

Function

LINC-ROR is first found to modulate reprogramming of human induced pluripotent stem cells. LINC-ROR is p53 repressor in response to DNA damage [2].

LINC-ROR can suppress p53 translation through direct interaction with the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein I (hnRNP I), and inhibit p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis [1].

LINC-ROR also functions as an endogenous miRNA sponge and antagonizes miR-145 to critically regulate the levels of pluripotency transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog, in order to ensure embryonic stem cell self-renewal [3][4].

A competition for miR-145 between linc-RoR and mRNAs encoding the core TFs[4].

LINC-ROR is involved in modulation of hypoxia-signaling pathways through modulation of HIF-1a and its downstream targets [5].

Regulation

LINC-ROR and p53 form a RoR-p53 autoregulatory feedback loop where p53 transcriptionally induces RoR expression [1].

LINC-ROR transcription is mainly controlled by the core TFs Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog [2][3][4].

Diseases

malignant liver cancer [5]

Expression

LINC-ROR is highly expressed in embryonic stem cells and iPSCs [1].

In self-renewing human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), LINC-ROR is expressed at a high level [3][4].

LINC-ROR expression is increased in hypoxic regions within tumor cell xenografts in vivo and is highly expressed in extracellular RNA released by hepatocellular cancer (HCC) cells during hypoxia [5].

Sequence

>NR_048536.1 Homo sapiens long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, regulator of reprogramming (LINC-ROR), long non-coding RNA

000001 GGTGAAATAA ACAGCCATGT TGCTCACACA AAGCCTGTTT GGTGGTCTCT TCACACGGAC GCTCATGAAA TTTGGTGATG 000080
000081 TGACTCGGAT AGGGGGACCT CCCTTGGGAG ATCAGTACCC TGTCCTCCTG CTCTTTGCTC CGTGAGAAAG ATCCACCTAC 000160
000161 AACCTCAGGT CCTTAGACCA ACCAGCCCAA GAAACATCTC ACCAATTTCA AATCCAGACC CCACTGGAAA TCGGACTGTC 000240
000241 CAACTCACCT GACAGCCACT CCCACAGCCG CTGGAACTCT GGCCCAAGGC TCTCTGACTC CTTCCCAGAT CTTCTTGGCT 000320
000321 TAGCGGCTGA AGACTGACGC TGCCCGATCG CCTCGGAAGC CCCCTAGACC ATCACGGACG CCGAGCTTCG GGTAACTCTC 000400
000401 ACAGTGGAAG AAACACAACT ACAGATTTCT ACCTGGTGCA TGGCCATCGC TCATGAAGAC TACAACTTCC AGCTTCCTTT 000480
000481 GAAGAAAAAG AGGACTTGAT GGCATTGTCG CTAAGTAAGA AATAATGTGT GTGACTTCAG GGTTGCCCCC TTAAAGGGAG 000560
000561 GGGACATTTT CCATCCTGCT GTTCAGAGTA TGGATGTGAT GAGAGACATC TTGGATGATG CAGAGGAGGT GAACACCCCA 000640
000641 GGACAATGAA ACCACAGGAG AGAAAGAGCC TGCGCTGGCC CATCTAGCAC AGCCACTGGA CACAGGGACC ACCTGCCTCT 000720
000721 GCACTCTTAT GGAAGGAGGA AATCTAACTT TCCCAGTTTA AGGCACTGTT ACTTTGGGCT CCTGTTACAT AACTGTGGCA 000800
000801 GAATGAAGGT TCAACATGGA AACTGGCAAT GTTGAAGAAA CATAAAGTTC ATTGCTTGAA TATCTGAAGT TGTGGACTCA 000880
000881 ATCTCATACC TGCTCCACTT ATGAGTTATA GTTCTTCCAG GTCTCAGGAA TGGGATCAGC AGGTCTCAGG GTTGTACTCT 000960
000961 CCTGGATCTC TCACCAGCCA CCTCAAACCA GCTGCCATAG CCTGTCCACT TCCACTCCAA TCTTCTCTTC CTTCATCACC 001040
001041 TCCCTTGCAC ACCCTGATAA CCTCGAAAGA GAACTCTTCC CAAGGCTCTG TTCCAAACAC ATCGCCACTC TGCTTAGAAC 001120
001121 CTTCAATGAC TCCTCATGGC CTAGGAGGTT TCTCTCCCAT CTGGATCCAG CTGACGTTCC CAGCACCTTC TCCTGACTCC 001200
001201 TGTCTTTTCT TGAACCAGTT CTGCCCAACA AGGAGGAAAG GGCTGACAGA GTGAAAGTCC CAGGGCATGT GGGAATGTGA 001280
001281 CTCTTTT