Lnc-SRA1-1:1

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Annotated Information

Name

SRA: Steroid receptor RNA Activator

Characteristics

Bifunctional gene, active as an RNA and encodes a conserved protein SRAP [1]. SRA has a large number of isoforms, most of which share a central core region. Only some isoforms are also able to encode the SRAP protein, and differential splicing may be one mechanism of generating coding and noncoding isoforms of SRA [1][2]. A number of functional motifs, with predicted secondary structures, are required for SRA RNA function [3].

Function

Forms ribonucleoprotein complexes with a number of nuclear receptors (including many steroid hormone receptors) generally acting to stimulate transcriptional activation [1][4]. Interacts either directly or through a complex with a number of other co-activator and repressor proteins, such as SRC-1, Sharp, SLIRP and p68 and p72 RNA helicases. SRA has been suggested to act as a scaffold for these complexes [1]. Transgenic expression of SRA in vivo caused hyperplasia and morphological abnormalities in steroid hormone responsive tissues. Hyperplasia was accompanied by higher apoptosis however and expression of SRA did not lead to tumourigenesis [5]. Associated with cardiomyopathy in humans, a role in heart development was validated in zebrafish but it's unclear if SRAP or SRA or both is responsible [6]. SRA activity is regulated by pseudouridylation [7][8].

Expression

Expressed in a wide range of tissues, some isoforms appear to have tissue specific expression [4][5]. Up-regulated in tumours of steroid hormone responsive tissues ie: breast, uterus and ovary compared to matched normal tissue [5][9]. Found in the nucleus and the cytoplasm [5][8].

Conservation

SRA ncRNA conserved in mammals [1]. SRAP Protein is conserved in chordata (Chooniedass-Kothari (2004)).

Misc

Some isoforms of SRA encode a conserved protein product SRAP, which is also expressed in normal tissues and breast cancer (Emberley (2003), Chooniedass-Kothari (2004), Chooniedass-Kothari (2006)). Studies show SRAP can also regulate the activity of nuclear receptors and bind to promoter regions regulated by nuclear receptors, suggesting functional similarities between SRA RNA and SRAP (Chooniedass-Kothari (2010), Chooniedass-Kothari (2010)). [1] provides a useful review of the literature.

Regulation

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Evolution

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Labs working on this lncRNA

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References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Leygue E. Steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA1): unusual bifaceted gene products with suspected relevance to breast cancer[J]. Nucl Recept Signal. 2007, 5(1):e006.
  2. ↑ Hube F, Guo J, Chooniedass-Kothari S, Cooper C, Hamedani MK, Dibrov AA et al. Alternative splicing of the first intron of the steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA) participates in the generation of coding and noncoding RNA isoforms in breast cancer cell lines[J]. DNA Cell Biol. 2006, 25(7):418-428.
  3. ↑ Lanz RB, Razani B, Goldberg AD & O'Malley BW. Distinct RNA motifs are important for coactivation of steroid hormone receptors by steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA)[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002, 99(25):16081-16086.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lanz RB, McKenna NJ, Onate SA, Albrecht U, Wong JM, Tsai SY et al. A steroid receptor coactivator, SRA, functions as an RNA and is present in an SRC-1 complex[J]. Cell. 1999, 97(1):17-27.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Lanz RB, Chua SS, Barron N, Soder BM, DeMayo F & O'Malley BW. Steroid receptor RNA activator stimulates proliferation as well as apoptosis in vivo[J]. Mol Cell Biol. 2003, 23(20):7163-7176.
  6. ↑ Friedrichs F, Zugck C, Rauch GJ, Ivandic B, Weichenhan D, Muller-Bardorff M et al. HBEGF, SRA1, and IK: Three cosegregating genes as determinants of cardiomyopathy[J]. Genome Res. 2009, 19(3):395-403.
  7. ↑ Zhao XS, Patton JR, Davis SL, Florence B, Ames SJ & Spanjaard RA. Regulation of nuclear receptor activity by a pseudouridine synthase through posttranscriptional modification of steroid receptor RNA activator[J]. Mol Cell. 2004, 15(4):549-558.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Zhao XS, Patton JR, Ghosh SK, Fischel-Ghodsian N, Shen L & Spanjaard RA. Pus3p-and pus1p-dependent pseudouridylation of steroid receptor RNA activator controls a functional switch that regulates nuclear receptor signaling[J]. Mol Endocrinol. 2007, 21(3):686-699.
  9. ↑ Murphy LC, Simon SLR, Parkes A, Leygue E, Dotzlaw H, Snell L et al. Altered expression of estrogen receptor coregulators during human breast tumorigenesis[J]. Cancer Research. 2000, 60(22):6266-6271.


{{basic| tID = lnc-SRA1-1:1| source = LNCipedia2.1| same = ,| classification = intergenic| length = 1965 nt| location = chr5-:139929651..139937678| number = ,| exons = ,| context =

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===sequence===
000001 GCAGGCACTA AGCTGGGCAC TGGGAATGTA ATAAAATAGT CAAGGTCCCA CCTTCTAAGA CTGTCCGACA GGGAAACGAA 000080
000081 CAAGAGTCAA ATAAGGCAGA AGATGTGATG TAATACACCT ACGAAATCTC AGAGGGTTGT AGGGTCGTGG GAGCTCAAGT 000160
000161 GAGACACTTA ACCTGGCCTG AGACATTCCA GAAGGCCTCC TGAAGAACTG ACATCTGAAC TGAGAACTGA AGGAAGATGA 000240
000241 GTACTAGTGA GGCTACCGGA CGTGAATGTG GAGATTGTGC AGGGCAATGC AAGAGGAGGC TGTAGAAGTC AACCTGGCTA 000320
000321 GATCACAGCG GGGTGTATGT GGGGCAGGAG CTTCTTTGTT TGAATTTGCT CCTGAGAGGA TGAGGCCTCC TAGAGCACTG 000400
000401 GCTCCTGGAC AGCAACCTCC TTTGGTGCCT TGTGACCAGG GCCCTGATGG TTCATTAGAT GGAGCCTTCG AGTCTTAGGG 000480
000481 AGTTGCCGCA GGGTCCCCAC AGCGGCTCCC GACGGTTGTG AACCAGCATC CATCCTCCAC GGATTCCGGC AACCCGCCTG 000560
000561 GCCCTGGACG TGTCTCAACT GGCCCGCGTG AGGGGCCGCC CCGGAAATGA CGCGCTGCCC CGCTGGCCAA GCGGAAGTGG 000640
000641 AGATGGCGGA GCTGTACGTG AAGCCGGGCA ACAAGGAACG CGGCTGGAAC GACCCGCCGC AGTTCTCATA CGGGCTGCAG 000720
000721 ACCCAGGCCG GCGGACCCAG GCGCTCGCTG CTTACCAAGA GGGTCGCCGC ACCCCAGGAT GGATCCCCCA GAGTCCCCGC 000800
000801 ATCAGAGACT TCTCCTGGGC CTCCCCCAAT GGGGCCTCCA CCTCCTTCAA GTAAGGCTCC CAGGTCCCCA CCTGTGGGGA 000880
000881 GTGGTCCTGC CTCTGGCGTG GAGCCCACAA GTTTCCCAGT CGAGTCTGAG GCTGTGATGG AGGATGTGCT GAGACCTTTG 000960
000961 GAACAGGCAT TGGAAGACTG CCGTGGCCAC ACAAGGAAGC AGGTATGTGA TGACATCAGC CGACGCCTGG CACTGCTGCA 001040
001041 GGAACAGTGG GCTGGAGGAA AGTTGTCAAT ACCTGTAAAG AAGAGAATGG CTCTACTGGT GCAAGAGCTT TCAAGCCACC 001120
001121 GGTGGGACGC AGCAGATGAC ATCCACCGCT CCCTCATGGT TGACCATGTG ACTGAGGTCA GTCAGTGGAT GGTAGGAGTT 001200
001201 AAAAGATTAA TTGCAGAAAA GAGGAGTCTG TTTTCAGAGG AGGCAGCCAA TGAAGAGAAA TCTGCAGCCA CAGCTGAGAA 001280
001281 GAACCATACC ATACCAGGCT TCCAGCAGGC TTCATAATCC TCGGTTCCCC AGACTCACCG GACACCATCT CCTATGCCTT 001360
001361 GGAGACCTTC TGTCACTTGG CTCCCTTCTT ACCACCACCA AGACTGTCCC ACTGGGCCTG ACCCACCTAT GAGGGAAGAA 001440
001441 GTCCCACCTG GGCCAGAGGG AGTTCATGTG TTACTCATAA CATGCATTTC AATAAAAACA TCTCTGCGGT GGGCCTTGGG 001520
001521 TAGGAGAGAT GAACCCTTCC GGTGCCAAGC TAGTCCCCTC TGGTGTCCTC GACTGCCCTG CTCCCTGTGT ATCTGCAAAC 001600
001601 CTCTGTTCTC CCTTCTCCAT TCATCAGGAA GGGATCTGCT GGGTAAAGTC AGACTACTGC CTACCACTTT TTCCCAAAGT 001680
001681 AGACTGAAAG CACATCCTGT GCTGGGCGGA GCAGCTGTGT TTGGATGGTT TCATTTCAGC ATGAGAACAG ACTCAAATAG 001760
001761 AACGGGGAGA CTTTTCCCTC AACAAAAGGA AAGACAGTCC TATTTGCACT GTATCACCCT TGAGATACTA CTGTTACAGA 001840
001841 GATTAGAACC ACATTGAGTG GGGTTTTCTG TGTAAATCGA AGGAGAAAAA GACCAGATTA CTGAGATTGG GGATTGTAAC 001920
001921 TCTGACTTGC CAAACAAACT GCTGCCTCAA AAAAAAAAAA AAAAA
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