FENDRR

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FENDRR is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that mediates the modification of the epigenetic landscape of target promoters by binding to polycomb repressive complex 2.

Annotated Information

Approved Symbol

FENDRR

Approved Name

FENDRR: FOXF1 adjacent non-coding developmental regulatory RNA . FOXF1 antisense RNA 1 (head to head), FOXF1-AS1

Characteristics

FENDRR is located at chr3q13.31 and has a length of 3,099 nucleotides and consists of four exons. It was reported that FENDRR is a lateral mesoderm-specific lncRNA and is essential for heart and body wall development in a mouse mode. [1]

Function

FENDRR was confirmed to bind to both Trithorax group/MLL protein complexes (TrxG/MLL) and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which play significant roles in the regulation of chromatin structure and gene activity. [2][3] FENDRR is essential for the development of many tissues and organs in mouse. It is found that FENDRR acts as modulator of chromatin signature by binding to both the PRC2 and TrxG/MLL complexes, and regulates heart and body wall development in mouse [4]. It is also involved in lung development. Deletion of FENDRR causes a lethal lung developmental disorder [5]. FENDRR(-/-) neonates of mouse show defects in lung, gastrointestinal tract, and heart [6]. FENDRR is dramatically downregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines, and downregulation of FENDRR is significantly associated with invasion depth, tumor stage, lymphatic metastasis and patients'survival time. FENDRR may suppress gastric cancer cell migration and invasion by targeting FN1 and MMP2/MMP9 [7].

Regulation

DNA methylation contribute to the expression of FENDRR.[7]

Diseases

  • Gastric cancer [7]
  • Gallbladder cancer [7]
  • Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive [1]

Expression

FENDRR overexpression could suppress migration and invasion in gastric cancer cells by downregulating fibronectin1 (FN1) and matrix metalloproteinase 2/9 (MMP2/MMP9) expression. It is found that FENDRR expression is lower in breast cancer cell lines. Ectopic expression of FENDRR in breast cancer cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration and promoted cell apoptosis, while FENDRR knockdown promoted cell proliferation and migration and suppressed cell apoptosis. [8] Decreased expression of the long non-coding RNA FENDRR is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer and FENDRR regulates gastric cancer cell metastasis by affecting fibronectin1 expression. [7]

Labs working on this lncRNA

  • Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
  • Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
  • Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, Biotecan Diagnostics Co. Ltd, Shanghai 201204, China.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Grote P, Wittler L, Hendrix D, et al. The tissue-specific lncRNA Fendrr is an essential regulator of heart and body wall development in the mouse. Dev Cell. 2013;24(2):206–214.
  2. ↑ Schuettengruber B, Chourrout D, Vervoort M, Leblanc B, Cavalli G. Genome regulation by polycomb and trithorax proteins. Cell. 2007;128(4):735–745
  3. ↑ Khalil AM, Guttman M, Huarte M, et al. Many human large intergenic noncoding RNAs associate with chromatin-modifying complexes and affect gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106(28):11667–11672.
  4. ↑ Grote, P., L. Wittler, D. Hendrix, F. Koch, S. Wahrisch, A. Beisaw, K. Macura, G. Blass, M. Kellis, M. Werber, and B. G. Herrmann. "The Tissue-Specific Lncrna Fendrr Is an Essential Regulator of Heart and Body Wall Development in the Mouse." Dev Cell 24, no. 2 (2013): 206-14.
  5. ↑ Szafranski, P., Dharmadhikari, A.V., Brosens, E., Gurha, P., Kolodziejska, K.E., Zhishuo, O., Dittwald, P., Majewski, T., Mohan, K.N., Chen, B. et al. (2013) Small noncoding differentially methylated copy-number variants, including lncRNA genes, cause a lethal lung developmental disorder. Genome Res, 23, 23-33.
  6. ↑ Sauvageau, M., Goff, L.A., Lodato, S., Bonev, B., Groff, A.F., Gerhardinger, C., Sanchez-Gomez, D.B., Hacisuleyman, E., Li, E., Spence, M. et al. (2014) Multiple knockout mouse models reveal lincRNAs are required for life and brain development. Elife, 2, e01749.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Xu, T. P., M. D. Huang, R. Xia, X. X. Liu, M. Sun, L. Yin, W. M. Chen, L. Han, E. B. Zhang, R. Kong, W. De, and Y. Q. Shu. "Decreased Expression of the Long Non-Coding Rna Fendrr Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer and Fendrr Regulates Gastric Cancer Cell Metastasis by Affecting Fibronectin1 Expression." J Hematol Oncol 7, (2014): 63.
  8. ↑ Li Y, Zhang WW, Liu PY, Xu YM, Tang L, Chen WW et al. Long non-coding RNA FENDRR inhibits cell proliferation and is associated with good prognosis in breast cancer[J]. Oncotargets Ther. 2018, 11(1403-1412).



Sequence

>gi|299890835|ref|NR_033925.1|:1-3099 Homo sapiens FOXF1 adjacent non-coding developmental regulatory RNA (FENDRR), transcript variant 1, long non-coding RNA

000001 AGCAGACAGC GCGGGCTGGG AGCGCCGGCA AGGGCGGCCC TCGCGCACCT GGCTGCCAGC CCGCAGGGGG CTCGCACGCA 000080
000081 GACCTGCCCT TGCCACCTCA GCGCTCGGGT GCGGGCTGGG GGCGGTGGAG CCACGAAAGG TGGTGCCGAG AGCGGAGCGC 000160
000161 AGGACAGCGC AGGAGCCCCG GCGCATCGCG GCGCGCACAG ACCCAGGATT ACTTCATGCA CATAAAAGAA AACGCAACTA 000240
000241 CAGTGGACCC TGAACAACCT ATGGCCTGCA GCCACTGAAG AATGCTTGCA TAAGGAGCTC TTCTCTGCAC ATACCCCGAC 000320
000321 ACAGTGATGG TATCTTGCAG CTGCTGCTTC TGTCCAAGGC ACTGCAGCCT ACTCGTCAAA AGCCCGAAGC CCAGCTCTGC 000400
000401 CAGCAGTGCA CTGTGTGCTC TTAGGAAACA GAGAAGCAAA GAAGTTAGCA AGCTTGTTTT GGCAGAAGAA AAAACACAAA 000480
000481 ATACCCAACC ACAGATCCTC AAAAATATTG CTAAGCACTA ATTTTGCTAA CATGTTAGAC AGCCTTCGGA TCTAGGCAAT 000560
000561 CTTGTTCCTC AGCTGGAAAG AGTTCCTGCC AGCCATGTGA TTCCAAATCC ACCCTGGACA TATGGGGATA ATGAGAAAAT 000640
000641 CAGCTCCGGC CTTCCCTGGC CTTCCAGCCA AGTGAATGGG GGCATCCCCT GGTGCTTCAG CCCGGGGCCC ACCCAGAGGA 000720
000721 TGCTAGCTGG CCTGCAGAGG CCTCAACCAT GCCCTCCTGG ACTCAGGTAA GACTGAGGTT TCCATGCCCT CAAAACAATT 000800
000801 GTTCAGACAA AAACTCACTG CCCAGGTCAA AGTCACAGCA CCAGAAAGCC AACCTGAGGA TGAAGACAAA GCTCTTTGTT 000880
000881 GGCACAGTCC CCTGATCATT CGAGGTCAGC ATCTCCATCA AAATGGACCC AATGCTGAGG CAAGAAGGAG AACATCACTG 000960
000961 TTAAGAAGGT AATGAGTCAC AAATGCTATT TCGATGGTTT TCTTTGAAAG AAATACACAG AACCAAACCA ATTTTAATTA 001040
001041 AAGATCTTGT CTTTGTAATC AGGCAGCCAC AAATGAAGGC AAAACTGCTT TCATGTGGCA TAATATACAC AGAGCTGAAC 001120
001121 TAGTTTTCCC ATAAAAGGGC AGGTTCTTTT CTTCAAATAA GAAAAGAGTT TGTTCCTAAC AATATGGGGG ATGCAACAGA 001200
001201 AAGCTGTCTT TTGCAAAGTA TAAAATTGCA GATCCTCCCG TGGAAGCCAT TTCTTGATGC TAAACCAATG CGAACGTTTG 001280
001281 CCAAACGCAC ATGCGAGCCG GGATTATCCT ACCCTTTGAG ATTAGACATG TGATCCTGAT TTTTAAGTGA AAAACGCAGC 001360
001361 CAGAGGCCAA ATAAACATAC CTACAAGTAC ATCGAAAGCT CAAATGGTTG AGAAATGATT GTAACACACC CCGGTGTGTA 001440
001441 TTTCTGAGGA AGAATCAACA TGCACATGGA AATTGATGTT TTGATTTTTA ATTTTAAAAC GACGACAGAA CTGAAATACC 001520
001521 TCCCCTAACT AGGTCCACTG AAACCAGTGA GGAGATAATC ATTTTCAGTT AAATATGCAT GTAATTTAAT AATCCACAGA 001600
001601 TGGAAAATGC ATTTGAGGTG GACTGAACAC AGCCAGGAGT TTTTGCTTAT CGACAGCACT GAATCCTGCC TTGACTAGAG 001680
001681 AGACTCGTCA TGTGATCAAC TGTGGCCAGA GGGCATCCTG CAGACAGCTC CTGTCACACC ACACTGACCA GACTCTTATG 001760
001761 AGTATTTAAG CATCTTCAGG GAAGCGATTG ACTGTCTTAT AATGGTCTTA CAAGTACGGA ACTTTATTAC CTGCTAATAA 001840
001841 TCAGAGCACA TGATGGCACA ATAGAATATA CGAGTGAAGT TCTAAATGCA AGGTTGTTCT TATTCTGTGA GTGGCAAAAC 001920
001921 TCATGCAGTG AGCAGATAAA GCTGGCAGGA GGCATTGGCG CCCTAATGCT GGGCACTAAC CACCTGCCCG GACTGCGAAT 002000
002001 ATCTGTTGGG TCCTTTCTAT ATCTGGTCTA TTCTCGTGTT TGATTATATC CTGGTGGCAA GAATAGCAAA ATCAACTCTC 002080
002081 CTTCCTATCC CATGTGGAGA GGCATGATTT GAGTCAGAGA GCATTATCCT CTCTGCGTTA TCCAACCCCA TGTCCCATGA 002160
002161 TGCACTTTGT AGACAAGCAA GTGTCCCTGG TGGAGAATCC ACAGCCACAC ATCCTCATTG GTTGCAAGGA TCAGTGTCCA 002240
002241 ATATCTACTG CCATGATCAT TCTCAGTTTT ACATCCACAG AGCTTCATAG AATTCTAACA CCACAGGTCC AAGTAGAGGT 002320
002321 TTTGGCCTCA GAGTGGGCTA GATTCCACCT CTGACAGCAG CTGTGGGACT GTTTTTCCAT CTGTAAAATG GAGACAAGAG 002400
002401 TATCACCTAC CTCATGGTGT TGGTGGGATC GTTAAACAGA ATTCCGATCA TGAAACCCTT AGCCTGCTCC CTGCATAGGC 002480
002481 TGCATGCGCT CAGTGAGCTA TGGCTCTGTT TCATGCTGAC TTTACCATCA TGTAAGCAGT TTTAAAAATG CTAGAAGCTT 002560
002561 TAGTCATAGA ATTACCATAT GATACAGCCT ACTGCAGAGT CCAGAGGCTG AGGCAGGAGA GTTACTTGAA CCTGGGAGGC 002640
002641 GGAGGTTGCA GTGAGCCAAG ATCGCGCCAC TGCACTCCAG CCTGGGCAAC AGAGTGAGAT TCTGTCTCAA CACAAAAAAG 002720
002721 AAGACATGTG TCCCCATCAC AGTATCATAC AGAGTGCTTC CACTGCCCTA AAATACCCTG TGCTCTTCCT ATTCATCCCT 002800
002801 CTCTTCAACC CCAGCAACCA CTGATCCTTT TACCATCTCC ATGGTTTTGC CTTTCCCAGA ATGTCATATT GTTGGAATCA 002880
002881 TACGCTATGT AGCCTTTGCA AATGGGCTTC TTTCACCGAG CAATGTGCAT TGAAGGTGCC TCTATGACTT TTCAAGGGTT 002960
002961 GATAGCTCAT TCCTTTTTAT TGCTAAATAA TATTCCATTG TCTGAATGTA CCACATTTTG TTTATCCATT CACCTACTAA 003040
003041 AGGACATCTT GGTTGCTTCC AAGTTTGGGC AATTATAAAT AAAACTGCTA TAAACATTG
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