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The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
Jan, 2012;67 (1): 28-40.

Dynapenia and aging: an update.

Todd M Manini, Brian C Clark
Author Information
  1. Todd M Manini: Institute on Aging and Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. tmanini@aging.ufl.edu
PMID: 21444359 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glr010

Abstract

In 2008, we published an article arguing that the age-related loss of muscle strength is only partially explained by the reduction in muscle mass and that other physiologic factors explain muscle weakness in older adults (Clark BC, Manini TM. Sarcopenia =/= dynapenia. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2008;63:829-834). Accordingly, we proposed that these events (strength and mass loss) be defined independently, leaving the term "sarcopenia" to be used in its original context to describe the age-related loss of muscle mass. We subsequently coined the term "dynapenia" to describe the age-related loss of muscle strength and power. This article will give an update on both the biological and clinical literature on dynapenia-serving to best synthesize this translational topic. Additionally, we propose a working decision algorithm for defining dynapenia. This algorithm is specific to screening for and defining dynapenia using age, presence or absence of risk factors, a grip strength screening, and if warranted a test for knee extension strength. A definition for a single risk factor such as dynapenia will provide information in building a risk profile for the complex etiology of physical disability. As such, this approach mimics the development of risk profiles for cardiovascular disease that include such factors as hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, etc. Because of a lack of data, the working decision algorithm remains to be fully developed and evaluated. However, these efforts are expected to provide a specific understanding of the role that dynapenia plays in the loss of physical function and increased risk for disability among older adults.

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Grants

  1. UL1 TR000064/NCATS NIH HHS
  2. R15 HD065552/NICHD NIH HHS
  3. P30 AG028740/NIA NIH HHS
  4. R21AG031974/NIA NIH HHS
  5. P30AG028740/NIA NIH HHS
  6. R21 AG031974/NIA NIH HHS
  7. R15HD065552/NICHD NIH HHS

MeSH Term

Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Algorithms
Animals
Persons with Disabilities
Female
Geriatric Assessment
Hand Strength
Humans
Knee
Male
Muscle Strength
Muscle Weakness
Muscle, Skeletal
Rats
Risk Factors
Sarcopenia
Translational Research, Biomedical
Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

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