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Frontiers in plant science
2014;5 105.

Metal species involved in long distance metal transport in plants.

Ana Alvarez-Fernández, Pablo Díaz-Benito, Anunciación Abadía, Ana-Flor López-Millán, Javier Abadía
Author Information
  1. Ana Alvarez-Fernández: Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station (CSIC) Zaragoza, Spain.
  2. Pablo Díaz-Benito: Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station (CSIC) Zaragoza, Spain.
  3. Anunciación Abadía: Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station (CSIC) Zaragoza, Spain.
  4. Ana-Flor López-Millán: Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station (CSIC) Zaragoza, Spain.
  5. Javier Abadía: Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station (CSIC) Zaragoza, Spain.
PMID: 24723928 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00105

Abstract

The mechanisms plants use to transport metals from roots to shoots are not completely understood. It has long been proposed that organic molecules participate in metal translocation within the plant. However, until recently the identity of the complexes involved in the long-distance transport of metals could only be inferred by using indirect methods, such as analyzing separately the concentrations of metals and putative ligands and then using in silico chemical speciation software to predict metal species. Molecular biology approaches also have provided a breadth of information about putative metal ligands and metal complexes occurring in plant fluids. The new advances in analytical techniques based on mass spectrometry and the increased use of synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy have allowed for the identification of some metal-ligand species in plant fluids such as the xylem and phloem saps. Also, some proteins present in plant fluids can bind metals and a few studies have explored this possibility. This study reviews the analytical challenges researchers have to face to understand long-distance metal transport in plants as well as the recent advances in the identification of the ligand and metal-ligand complexes in plant fluids.

Keywords

metal complexes metals phloem transport xylem

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