I S Cheon, C Li, Y M Son, N P Goplen, Y Wu, T Cassmann, Z Wang, X Wei, J Tang, Y Li, H Marlow, S Hughes, L Hammel, T M Cox, E Goddery, K Ayasoufi, D Weiskopf, J Boonyaratanakornkit, H Dong, H Li, R Chakraborty, A J Johnson, E Edell, J J Taylor, M H Kaplan, A Sette, B J Bartholmai, R Kern, R Vassallo, J Sun
Author Information
I S Cheon: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
C Li: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Y M Son: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
N P Goplen: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
Y Wu: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
T Cassmann: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Z Wang: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
X Wei: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
J Tang: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
Y Li: Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
H Marlow: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
S Hughes: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
L Hammel: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
T M Cox: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
E Goddery: Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
K Ayasoufi: Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
D Weiskopf: Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ORCID
J Boonyaratanakornkit: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. ORCID
H Dong: Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
H Li: Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
R Chakraborty: Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
A J Johnson: Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
E Edell: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
J J Taylor: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. ORCID
M H Kaplan: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University of School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. ORCID
A Sette: Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ORCID
B J Bartholmai: Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 5590, USA. ORCID
R Kern: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
R Vassallo: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
J Sun: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ORCID
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia survivors often exhibit long-term pulmonary sequelae, but the underlying mechanisms or associated local and systemic immune correlates are not known. Here, we have performed high-dimensional characterization of the pathophysiological and immune traits of aged COVID-19 convalescents, and correlated the local and systemic immune profiles with pulmonary function and lung imaging. We found that chronic lung impairment was accompanied by persistent respiratory immune alterations. We showed that functional severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–specific memory T and B cells were enriched at the site of infection compared with those of blood. Detailed evaluation of the lung immune compartment revealed that dysregulated respiratory CD8 T cell responses were associated with the impaired lung function after acute COVID-19. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis identified the potential pathogenic subsets of respiratory CD8 T cells contributing to persistent tissue conditions after COVID-19. Our results have revealed pathophysiological and immune traits that may support the development of lung sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in older individuals, with implications for the treatment of chronic COVID-19 symptoms.
References
Front Immunol. 2021 Mar 29;12:636118
[PMID: 33854506]
