OpenLB
Open Library of Bioscience
Advanced Search
Eye (London, England)
06, 2023;37 (8): 1519-1526.

Cystoid macular oedema without leakage in fluorescein angiography: a literature review.

Masood Naseripour, Sara Hemmati, Samira Chaibakhsh, Arzhang Gordiz, Leila Miri, Fatemeh Abdi
Author Information
  1. Masood Naseripour: Eye Research Center, The five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  2. Sara Hemmati: Eye Research Center, The five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  3. Samira Chaibakhsh: Eye Research Center, The five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ORCID
  4. Arzhang Gordiz: Eye Research Center, The five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  5. Leila Miri: Eye Research Center, The five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  6. Fatemeh Abdi: Eye Research Center, The five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fatemeh.abdi62@yahoo.com.
PMID: 36088420 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-02230-z

Abstract

Cystoid macular oedema (CMO), which is defined as a macular thickening and cystic changes due to accumulation of fluid, could be asymptomatic and only diagnosed using paraclinical techniques. Fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) are useful in detecting CMO in clinical practice. Non-leaking CMO, also known as angiographically silent CMO, is referred to as cases of CMO without leakage in fluorescein angiography. This type of CMO has been reported in some retinal dystrophies, in cases of maculopathy as a side effect of certain drugs, and also in some systemic disorders. The exact mechanism and treatment options for this type of CMO are still not clear. This literature review aims to discuss different causes of non-leaking CMO, proposed mechanisms, and management options. Three sections including drugs, retinal dystrophies, and systemic disorders are discussed in this review.

References

Clin Ophthalmol. 2016 Nov 25;10:2377-2382 [PMID: 27932860]
Open Med (Wars). 2021 Jan 19;16(1):156-160 [PMID: 33542958]
Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2020 Sep;39(3):287-293 [PMID: 32619362]
BMJ Case Rep. 2016 Apr 19;2016:10.1136/bcr-2015-212733 [PMID: 27095804]
Ophthalmic Genet. 2017 Dec;38(6):549-554 [PMID: 28388263]
Ophthalmic Res. 2004 Sep-Oct;36(5):241-9 [PMID: 15583429]
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 Oct 01;57(13):5143-5147 [PMID: 27699410]
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2012 Mar;250(3):463-4 [PMID: 21431400]
Retina. 2018 Oct;38(10):2073-2080 [PMID: 28834951]
Doc Ophthalmol. 2016 Feb;132(1):67-73 [PMID: 26803827]
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2019 Dec;67(12):2058-2059 [PMID: 31755455]
J AAPOS. 2018 Aug;22(4):321-323 [PMID: 29654911]
Case Rep Oncol. 2017 Jul 11;10(2):605-612 [PMID: 28868019]
Oman J Ophthalmol. 2016 May-Aug;9(2):104-6 [PMID: 27433038]
Eye (Lond). 2013 Jan;27(1):102-4 [PMID: 23154489]
Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2022 Jul 1;16(4):482-485 [PMID: 32541441]
Can J Ophthalmol. 2018 Jun;53(3):e103-e107 [PMID: 29784170]
Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2011 Summer;5(3):227-8 [PMID: 25390170]
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2017 Nov 8;27(6):e179-e183 [PMID: 28708224]
Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2019 Sep 26;16:100560 [PMID: 31650088]
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015 Feb 10;56(3):1531-6 [PMID: 25670491]
Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2013 Fall;7(4):319-24 [PMID: 25383828]
Ophthalmic Genet. 2019 Jun;40(3):213-218 [PMID: 31266384]
J AAPOS. 2019 Feb;23(1):38-39.e1 [PMID: 30144585]
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008 May;49(5):2082-93 [PMID: 18436841]
JAMA Ophthalmol. 2016 Apr;134(4):453-4 [PMID: 26940679]
Acta Ophthalmol. 2020 May;98(3):e316-e321 [PMID: 31580008]
J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2013 Apr;29(3):360-2 [PMID: 23061416]
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2011 Sep;22(5):332-9 [PMID: 21730849]
Am J Ophthalmol. 2009 Feb;147(2):307-312.e2 [PMID: 18835469]
Ophthalmic Genet. 2021 Oct;42(5):619-623 [PMID: 33974487]
BMC Ophthalmol. 2018 Apr 12;18(1):89 [PMID: 29649987]
Can J Ophthalmol. 2011 Apr;46(2):200-1 [PMID: 21708093]
Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2020 Dec 13;20:100995 [PMID: 33367153]
JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019 Nov 01;137(11):1275-1282 [PMID: 31486843]
Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2020 Mar-Apr;83(2):149-152 [PMID: 32159596]
Case Rep Ophthalmol Med. 2013;2013:713061 [PMID: 23662229]
Semin Ophthalmol. 2013 Jan;28(1):50-4 [PMID: 23163265]
BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Apr 17;2018: [PMID: 29666084]
Ophthalmic Genet. 2016 Dec;37(4):424-426 [PMID: 26894652]
Clin Exp Optom. 2012 Mar;95(2):233-6 [PMID: 22023333]
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2019 Dec;257(12):2655-2663 [PMID: 31654189]
Eye (Lond). 2021 Jun;35(6):1766-1774 [PMID: 32873946]
Rom J Ophthalmol. 2018 Jul-Sep;62(3):246-249 [PMID: 30505995]
Case Rep Ophthalmol. 2021 Jul 1;12(2):578-584 [PMID: 34326757]
Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jan-Mar;7(1):56-58 [PMID: 29018757]
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2018 Mar;62(2):163-167 [PMID: 29270811]
Ophthalmic Genet. 2021 Oct;42(5):615-618 [PMID: 33970758]
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Feb 24;11(3): [PMID: 33668232]
Ophthalmic Genet. 2018 Dec;39(6):759-762 [PMID: 30335551]
Ther Adv Ophthalmol. 2019 Jan 08;11:2515841418820441 [PMID: 30671569]
Doc Ophthalmol. 2010 Dec;121(3):231-40 [PMID: 20842519]
Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2016 Dec 03;5:48-51 [PMID: 29503947]
Cureus. 2020 Jun 4;12(6):e8443 [PMID: 32642357]
JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019 Jul 1;137(7):849-851 [PMID: 31046121]
Chemotherapy. 2017;62(3):199-204 [PMID: 28351058]
Am J Ophthalmol. 2013 Mar;155(3):448-55 [PMID: 23218691]
Retina. 2012 Apr;32(4):826-33 [PMID: 21886018]
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2020 Oct 30;:1120672120969034 [PMID: 33124443]
Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2018 Winter;12(1):75-79 [PMID: 27749791]
J Clin Oncol. 2010 Nov 20;28(33):e684-7 [PMID: 20805460]
Mol Vis. 2015 Apr 28;21:487-501 [PMID: 25999676]
Eye (Lond). 2011 Jan;25(1):84-90 [PMID: 20966974]
Korean J Ophthalmol. 2012 Oct;26(5):394-7 [PMID: 23060729]
Ophthalmology. 2016 Mar;123(3):664-6 [PMID: 26459999]
Br J Ophthalmol. 2014 Feb;98(2):200-6 [PMID: 24187053]
Turk J Ophthalmol. 2020 Aug 26;50(4):252-254 [PMID: 32854471]
Acta Ophthalmol. 2011 Feb;89(1):95-6 [PMID: 19549105]
Ophthalmic Genet. 2016 Dec;37(4):377-383 [PMID: 26894784]
Sci Rep. 2021 Aug 12;11(1):16412 [PMID: 34385517]
Can J Ophthalmol. 2013 Feb;48(1):e3-4 [PMID: 23419309]
Ophthalmic Genet. 2017 Sep-Oct;38(5):467-472 [PMID: 28140742]
Eye (Lond). 2011 Jul;25(7):922-8 [PMID: 21527955]
Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2020 Mar 07;18:100653 [PMID: 32190783]
Korean J Ophthalmol. 2013 Oct;27(5):388-91 [PMID: 24082780]
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2022 Jan;32(1):602-611 [PMID: 33148049]
Case Rep Ophthalmol Med. 2015;2015:137270 [PMID: 26770854]
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2020 Nov 1;57(6):400-406 [PMID: 33211898]
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016 Jan;47(1):81-4 [PMID: 26731216]
Can J Ophthalmol. 2006 Apr;41(2):197-200 [PMID: 16767207]
Int Ophthalmol. 2012 Jun;32(3):299-304 [PMID: 22484725]
Surv Ophthalmol. 2013 Nov-Dec;58(6):560-84 [PMID: 24160730]
Case Rep Ophthalmol. 2017 Jan 17;8(1):21-25 [PMID: 28203192]
Doc Ophthalmol. 2013 Jun;126(3):241-6 [PMID: 23292616]
Surv Ophthalmol. 2022 Jan-Feb;67(1):97-148 [PMID: 34048859]
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2020 Aug;258(8):1607-1615 [PMID: 32458099]
Retina. 2020 Dec;40(12):2385-2395 [PMID: 31923123]
Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2015 Summer;9(3):220-2 [PMID: 25764317]
Eye (Lond). 2015 May;29(5):593-601 [PMID: 25744445]
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed). 2021 Aug;96(8):434-437 [PMID: 34340782]
BMC Ophthalmol. 2017 Jul 12;17(1):124 [PMID: 28701214]
Arch Ophthalmol. 2007 Apr;125(4):571-3 [PMID: 17420384]
Semin Ophthalmol. 2007 Jul-Sep;22(3):151-3 [PMID: 17763235]
Surv Ophthalmol. 2020 Sep - Oct;65(5):496-512 [PMID: 32092363]
Case Rep Ophthalmol Med. 2015;2015:181269 [PMID: 26366312]
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2019 Dec 2;60(15):5000-5006 [PMID: 31794599]
Optom Vis Sci. 2003 Apr;80(4):277-9 [PMID: 12692483]
Eye (Lond). 2014 May;28(5):629-32 [PMID: 24577254]
BMC Ophthalmol. 2015 Mar 29;15:32 [PMID: 25885440]
Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Jun;97(26):e11229 [PMID: 29952984]

MeSH Term

Humans
Macular Edema
Fluorescein Angiography
Retina
Tomography, Optical Coherence
Retinal Dystrophies
Journal Article Review

Word Cloud

Similar Articles

Cited By