OpenLB
Open Library of Bioscience
Advanced Search
International journal of molecular sciences
Nov 18, 2022;23 (22):

Renal Fibrosis in Lupus Nephritis.

Savino Sciascia, Martina Cozzi, Alice Barinotti, Massimo Radin, Irene Cecchi, Roberta Fenoglio, Daniele Mancardi, Georgia Wilson Jones, Daniela Rossi, Dario Roccatello
Author Information
  1. Savino Sciascia: University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy. ORCID
  2. Martina Cozzi: University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy.
  3. Alice Barinotti: University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy.
  4. Massimo Radin: University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy. ORCID
  5. Irene Cecchi: University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy.
  6. Roberta Fenoglio: University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy. ORCID
  7. Daniele Mancardi: University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy. ORCID
  8. Georgia Wilson Jones: University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy.
  9. Daniela Rossi: University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy.
  10. Dario Roccatello: University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy. ORCID
PMID: 36430794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214317

Abstract

Fibrosis can be defined as a pathological process in which deposition of connective tissue replaces normal parenchyma. The kidney, like any organ or tissue, can be impacted by this maladaptive reaction, resulting in persistent inflammation or long-lasting injury. While glomerular injury has traditionally been regarded as the primary focus for classification and prognosis of lupus nephritis (LN), increasing attention has been placed on interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy as markers of injury severity, predictors of therapeutic response, and prognostic factors of renal outcome in recent years. This review will discuss the fibrogenesis in LN and known mechanisms of renal fibrosis. The importance of the chronicity index, which was recently added to the histological categorization of LN, and its role in predicting treatment response and renal prognosis for patients with LN, will be explored. A better understanding of cellular and molecular pathways involved in fibrosis in LN could enable the identification of individuals at higher risk of progression to chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease, and the development of new therapeutic strategies for lupus patients.

Keywords

interstitial fibrosis lupus nephritis renal fibrosis systemic lupus erythematosus tubular atrophy

References

Lupus. 2018 Aug;27(9):1455-1463 [PMID: 29759047]
Nat Rev Nephrol. 2021 Mar;17(3):172-184 [PMID: 32989282]
Science. 2022 Jan 07;375(6576):91-96 [PMID: 34990237]
Nature. 2020 Jul;583(7814):127-132 [PMID: 32555459]
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Apr 28;13:866077 [PMID: 35571122]
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 May 8;12(5):825-835 [PMID: 27821390]
J Clin Invest. 2022 Jan 4;132(1): [PMID: 34752423]
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jan 10;12:830340 [PMID: 35082683]
Nat Med. 2013 Aug;19(8):1047-53 [PMID: 23817022]
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 May;20(5):1103-12 [PMID: 19369404]
J Clin Invest. 2007 Dec;117(12):3810-20 [PMID: 18037992]
Clin Exp Immunol. 2020 May;200(2):120-130 [PMID: 31930484]
PLoS One. 2015 Dec 02;10(12):e0143961 [PMID: 26630505]
Am J Transplant. 2015 Apr;15(4):863-86 [PMID: 25691290]
J Nephrol. 2021 Dec;34(6):1897-1905 [PMID: 33721269]
Mod Rheumatol. 2020 Mar;30(2):225-231 [PMID: 31747840]
N Engl J Med. 2014 May 29;370(22):2083-92 [PMID: 24836312]
Cells. 2021 Aug 06;10(8): [PMID: 34440782]
Nat Rev Nephrol. 2016 Jun;12(6):325-38 [PMID: 27108839]
Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011 Jun;63(6):865-74 [PMID: 21309006]
Nature. 2019 Sep;573(7774):430-433 [PMID: 31511695]
Kidney Int. 1996 Feb;49(2):461-9 [PMID: 8821830]
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Aug 27;19(9): [PMID: 30150520]
Autoimmunity. 2015;48(7):471-87 [PMID: 26099989]
Nat Rev Nephrol. 2015 Apr;11(4):233-44 [PMID: 25584804]
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999 Jan;14(1):58-63 [PMID: 10052478]
J Clin Med. 2022 May 25;11(11): [PMID: 35683365]
N Engl J Med. 2015 Mar 19;372(12):1138-49 [PMID: 25785971]
N Engl J Med. 2000 Oct 19;343(16):1156-62 [PMID: 11036121]
Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2006 Jun;3(4):383-8 [PMID: 16738205]
Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017 Apr;69(4):814-825 [PMID: 27992697]
Clin Sci (Lond). 2019 Aug 5;133(15):1721-1744 [PMID: 31358596]
Heart Fail Rev. 2016 Mar;21(2):199-211 [PMID: 26883434]
Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2018 Feb;47(4):545-551 [PMID: 28803673]
J Autoimmun. 1997 Oct;10(5):433-9 [PMID: 9376070]
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006 Nov;61(11):1130-43 [PMID: 17167153]
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Oct 14;111(41):14846-51 [PMID: 25267631]
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 20;12:676082 [PMID: 33959133]
J Pathol. 2008 Jan;214(2):199-210 [PMID: 18161745]
Rheumatology (Oxford). 2014 Dec;53(12):2249-58 [PMID: 24942493]
Kidney Dis (Basel). 2021 Jan;7(1):34-49 [PMID: 33614732]
Kidney Int. 1997 Feb;51(2):381-5 [PMID: 9027710]
Clin Kidney J. 2018 Apr;11(2):207-218 [PMID: 29644061]
Annu Rev Med. 2004;55:395-417 [PMID: 14746528]
Nephrology (Carlton). 2011 Jul;16(5):522-35 [PMID: 21199156]
Am J Transplant. 2010 Sep;10(9):2066-73 [PMID: 20883541]
Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2021 Feb 10;23(3):16 [PMID: 33569681]
Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016 Jun 16;2:16039 [PMID: 27306639]
Lupus. 2011 Nov;20(13):1396-403 [PMID: 22095887]
Kidney Int. 1984 Apr;25(4):689-95 [PMID: 6482173]
Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2017 Nov 23;3:17088 [PMID: 29168475]
Nat Immunol. 2019 Jul;20(7):915-927 [PMID: 31110316]
Kidney Int. 2018 Apr;93(4):789-796 [PMID: 29459092]
Int J Rheum Dis. 2018 Feb;21(2):458-467 [PMID: 29314776]
Kidney Int. 2002 Jul;62(1):31-40 [PMID: 12081561]
Lupus Sci Med. 2022 Jan;9(1): [PMID: 34996855]
Cells. 2019 Jul 25;8(8): [PMID: 31349698]
Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2014 Nov;4(1):34-38 [PMID: 26312148]
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Apr;21(4):646-53 [PMID: 20150539]
Respir Res. 2014 Dec 12;15:157 [PMID: 25496490]
Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019 Dec;15(12):705-730 [PMID: 31712723]
Kidney Int. 2006 Jan;69(2):213-7 [PMID: 16408108]
Front Physiol. 2021 May 13;12:684236 [PMID: 34054586]
Ren Fail. 2022 Dec;44(1):636-647 [PMID: 35387545]
Kidney Int. 2010 May;77(9):820-9 [PMID: 20182417]
Kidney360. 2021 Nov 5;3(1):122-132 [PMID: 35368572]
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2002 May;240(5):408-14 [PMID: 12073065]
Am J Nephrol. 2021;52(3):180-189 [PMID: 33789284]
J Immunol. 1995 May 1;154(9):4857-64 [PMID: 7722335]
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000 Feb;15(2):184-90 [PMID: 10648663]
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015 Feb;26(2):258-69 [PMID: 25060060]
JCI Insight. 2017 May 4;2(9): [PMID: 28469080]
J Autoimmun. 2015 Apr;58:111-22 [PMID: 25666976]
Lancet. 2011 May 21;377(9779):1760-9 [PMID: 21571362]
Arthritis Rheum. 2009 Jul;60(7):2071-82 [PMID: 19565476]
Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020 May;16(5):255-267 [PMID: 32203285]
Kidney Int Rep. 2017 Apr 07;2(5):800-810 [PMID: 29270487]
Nat Rev Nephrol. 2012 Feb 21;8(5):293-300 [PMID: 22349487]
FASEB J. 2020 Feb;34(2):2554-2567 [PMID: 31909536]
J Inflamm (Lond). 2019 Nov 14;16:22 [PMID: 31807119]
Kidney Int. 2020 May;97(5):980-994 [PMID: 32143848]
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Sep;2(5):906-13 [PMID: 17702727]
Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020 Jan 23;6(1):7 [PMID: 31974366]
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019 Jul;39(7):1330-1342 [PMID: 31092014]
Nat Rev Nephrol. 2019 Mar;15(3):144-158 [PMID: 30692665]
J Clin Invest. 2007 Mar;117(3):524-9 [PMID: 17332879]
Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 6;8(1):10231 [PMID: 29980727]
Clin Sci (Lond). 2017 Jul 24;131(16):2125-2143 [PMID: 28646122]
Am J Pathol. 2013 Jan;182(1):118-31 [PMID: 23142380]
Oncogene. 2006 Dec 4;25(57):7469-81 [PMID: 17143291]
Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2019 Dec;49(3):396-404 [PMID: 31277928]
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2014 May;349(2):209-20 [PMID: 24556663]
Case Rep Nephrol Dial. 2021 Jul 22;11(2):227-232 [PMID: 34414215]
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005 Apr;16(4):1076-84 [PMID: 15728784]
Nat Med. 2013 Dec;19(12):1617-24 [PMID: 24216753]
Clin Med Res. 2016 Mar;14(1):15-39 [PMID: 26847481]
Arthritis Res Ther. 2018 Apr 10;20(1):64 [PMID: 29636091]
Exp Mol Med. 2019 Jun 20;51(6):1-13 [PMID: 31221962]
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004 Jan;15(1):1-12 [PMID: 14694152]
Respir Med. 2016 Apr;113:74-9 [PMID: 26915984]
N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 31;381(18):1718-1727 [PMID: 31566307]
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 May 8;12(5):734-743 [PMID: 28473317]
Int Urol Nephrol. 2020 Jul;52(7):1287-1295 [PMID: 32378138]
Circulation. 2003 Sep 23;108(12):1499-505 [PMID: 12952842]
Front Immunol. 2020 Sep 23;11:578952 [PMID: 33072122]

MeSH Term

Humans
Lupus Nephritis
Kidney Diseases
Fibrosis
Kidney
Kidney Glomerulus
Journal Article Review

Word Cloud

Similar Articles

Cited By