Chengxiang Li: Department of Biological Sciences and Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
Songyao Zhang: Department of Biological Sciences and Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
Xingying Yan: Department of Biological Sciences and Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
Peng Cheng: Department of Biological Sciences and Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
Hao Yu: Department of Biological Sciences and Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore. Electronic address: dbsyuhao@nus.edu.sg.
Angiosperms possess a life cycle with an alternation of sporophyte and gametophyte generations, which happens in plant organs like pistils. Rice pistils contain ovules and receive pollen for successful fertilization to produce grains. The cellular expression profile in rice pistils is largely unknown. Here, we show a cell census of rice pistils before fertilization through the use of droplet-based single-nucleus RNA sequencing. The ab initio marker identification validated by in situ hybridization assists with cell-type annotation, revealing cell heterogeneity between ovule- and carpel-originated cells. A comparison of 1N (gametophyte) and 2N (sporophyte) nuclei identifies the developmental path of germ cells in ovules with typical resetting of pluripotency before the sporophyte-gametophyte transition, while trajectory analysis of carpel-originated cells suggests previously neglected features of epidermis specification and style function. These findings gain a systems-level view of cellular differentiation and development of rice pistils before flowering and lay a foundation for understanding female reproductive development in plants.
