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The Yale journal of biology and medicine
Dec, 2023;96 (4): 495-509.

H19: An Oncogenic Long Non-coding RNA in Colorectal Cancer.

Prerana R Chowdhury, Shamala Salvamani, Baskaran Gunasekaran, Hoh B Peng, Vaidehi Ulaganathan
Author Information
  1. Prerana R Chowdhury: Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  2. Shamala Salvamani: Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  3. Baskaran Gunasekaran: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  4. Hoh B Peng: Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  5. Vaidehi Ulaganathan: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
PMID: 38161577 DOI: 10.59249/TDBJ7410

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been recorded amongst the most common cancers in the world, with high morbidity and mortality rates, and relatively low survival rates. With risk factors such as chronic illness, age, and lifestyle associated with the development of CRC, the incidence of CRC is increasing each year. Thus, the discovery of novel biomarkers to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC has become beneficial. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been emerging as potential players in several tumor types, one among them is the lncRNA H19. The paternally imprinted oncofetal gene is expressed in the embryo, downregulated at birth, and reappears in tumors. H19 aids in CRC cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis via various mechanisms of action, significantly through the lncRNA-microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA)-competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, where H19 behaves as a miRNA sponge. The RNA transcript of H19 obtained from the first exon of the H19 gene, miRNA-675 also promotes CRC carcinogenesis. Overexpression of H19 in malignant tissues compared to adjacent non-malignant tissues marks H19 as an independent prognostic marker in CRC. Besides its prognostic value, H19 serves as a promising target for therapy in CRC treatment.

Keywords

CRC EMT H19 biomarker ceRNA lncRNA miR-675 miRNA sponge prognosis proliferation

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MeSH Term

Humans
Biomarkers
Colorectal Neoplasms
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
MicroRNAs
RNA, Long Noncoding

Chemicals

Biomarkers
MicroRNAs
RNA, Long Noncoding
H19 long non-coding RNA
Journal Article Review

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