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Oct, 2024;5 (10): e724.

Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in health and disease.

Yunuo Yang, Jiaxuan Wu, Lisheng Wang, Guang Ji, Yanqi Dang
Author Information
  1. Yunuo Yang: Institute of Digestive Diseases China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China.
  2. Jiaxuan Wu: Institute of Digestive Diseases China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China.
  3. Lisheng Wang: Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada.
  4. Guang Ji: Institute of Digestive Diseases China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China.
  5. Yanqi Dang: Institute of Digestive Diseases China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China. ORCID
PMID: 39290254 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.724

Abstract

Copper is a vital trace element in human physiology, essential for the synthesis of numerous crucial metabolic enzymes and facilitation of various biological processes. Regulation of copper levels within a narrow range is imperative for maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Numerous studies have demonstrated the significant roles of copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in health and disease pathogenesis. However, a comprehensive and up-to-date systematic review in this domain remains absent. This review aims to consolidate recent advancements in understanding the roles of cuproptosis and copper homeostasis in health and disease, focusing on the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions. Dysregulation of copper homeostasis, manifesting as either copper excess or deficiency, is implicated in the etiology of various diseases. Cuproptosis, a recently identified form of cell death, is characterized by intracellular copper overload. This phenomenon mediates a diverse array of evolutionary processes in organisms, spanning from health to disease, and is implicated in genetic disorders, liver diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and various cancers. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cuproptosis and copper homeostasis, along with associated targeted therapeutic agents. Furthermore, it explores future research directions with the potential to yield significant advancements in disease treatment, health management, and disease prevention.

Keywords

cancer cardiovascular disease copper homeostasis cuproptosis hereditary disease liver disease neurodegenerative disease

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