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Frontiers in neurology
2024;15 1341958.

A dietary intervention with conjugated linoleic acid enhances microstructural white matter reorganization in experimental stroke.

Frederike A Straeten, Jan-Kolja Strecker, Anna-Lena Börsch, Bastian Maus, Maike Hoppen, Birgit Schmeddes, Lucia Härtel, Ann-Katrin Fleck, Stephanie van Zyl, Tabea Straeten, Carolin Beuker, Mailin Koecke, Louisa Mueller-Miny, Cornelius Faber, Gerd Meyer Zu Hörste, Luisa Klotz, Jens Minnerup, Antje Schmidt-Pogoda
Author Information
  1. Frederike A Straeten: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  2. Jan-Kolja Strecker: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  3. Anna-Lena Börsch: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  4. Bastian Maus: Translational Research Imaging Center, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  5. Maike Hoppen: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  6. Birgit Schmeddes: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  7. Lucia Härtel: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  8. Ann-Katrin Fleck: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  9. Stephanie van Zyl: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  10. Tabea Straeten: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  11. Carolin Beuker: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  12. Mailin Koecke: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  13. Louisa Mueller-Miny: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  14. Cornelius Faber: Translational Research Imaging Center, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  15. Gerd Meyer Zu Hörste: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  16. Luisa Klotz: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  17. Jens Minnerup: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  18. Antje Schmidt-Pogoda: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
PMID: 39372701 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1341958

Abstract

Background: A dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was shown to attenuate inflammation and increase the proportions of circulating regulatory T cells (T) and M2-type macrophages in disease models such as autoimmune encephalitis and arteriosclerosis. Since T and anti-inflammatory (M2-type) macrophages were found to enhance stroke recovery, we hypothesized that CLA-supplementation might improve stroke recovery via immune modulatory effects.
Methods: Functional assessment was performed over 90 days after induction of experimental photothrombotic stroke in wild type mice ( = 37, sham  = 10). Subsequently, immunological characterization of different immunological compartments ( = 16), magnetic resonance (MR,  = 12) imaging and immunohistochemical staining ( = 8) was performed. Additionally, we tested the effect of CLA on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from human stroke patients and healthy controls ( = 12).
Results: MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) demonstrated enhanced microstructural reorganization of interhemispheric white matter tracts, dependent on lesion size. Functional recovery over 90 days remained unaffected. Detailed immunological analyses across various compartments revealed no significant long-term immunological alterations due to CLA. However, analyses of human blood samples post-stroke showed reduced levels of pro-inflammatory interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) release by T-lymphocytes following treatment with CLA.
Conclusion: We aimed to explore the efficacy of a dietary intervention with minimal known side effects that could be accessible to human stroke patients, regardless of the degree of disability, and without the risks associated with aggressive immunomodulatory therapies. Our main findings include improved microstructural reorganization in small infarcts and a reduced inflammatory response of human T cells .

Keywords

MRI conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) functional recovery ischemic stroke stroke neuroinflammation

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