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Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie
Dec, 2024;51 (6): 373-382.

The Application of Regional Citrate Anticoagulation in Protein A Immunoadsorption: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Amir Muhammad, Xueling Hu, Juan Pan, Weisheng Peng, Xia Li, Mingxia Huang, Zengyuan Luo, Dayang Jiang, Jinbiao Chen, Rong Tang, Xiangcheng Xiao
Author Information
  1. Amir Muhammad: Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  2. Xueling Hu: Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  3. Juan Pan: Department of Ultrasound, Zhuzhou Hospital, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China.
  4. Weisheng Peng: Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  5. Xia Li: Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  6. Mingxia Huang: Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  7. Zengyuan Luo: Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  8. Dayang Jiang: Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  9. Jinbiao Chen: Department of Medical Records and Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  10. Rong Tang: Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  11. Xiangcheng Xiao: Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
PMID: 39664459 DOI: 10.1159/000536544

Abstract

Introduction: Protein A immunoadsorption (IA) is proving to be an effective treatment method for autoimmune diseases and other disorders. Regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) prevents clotting in extracorporeal circuits without increasing hemorrhage risk in high bleeding risk patients, but there are no specific guidelines for its application in IA. We aimed to evaluate the safety and adverse effects of RCA used in IA therapy.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of forty-five RCA-IA sessions in 14 HLA-incompatible kidney transplant recipients with focus on the safety and adverse effects of RCA in IA. The extracorporeal circuit was equipped with 4% trisodium citrate solution as an anticoagulant and 10% calcium gluconate solution to compensate for calcium loss. The adverse events, including coagulation and blood biochemical indexes, especially calcium level, were recorded.
Results: Our study found that 93.33% of the sessions were without circuit clotting or other significant complications. A slight decrease in fibrinogen level was observed, but without significant variations in other coagulation indexes or platelet count. There was a slight elevation in the potential of hydrogen, bicarbonate, and base excess after 2 h and 6 h posttreatment relative to prior treatment, but these returned to normal levels within 24 h posttreatment.
Conclusion: RCA is a feasible, effective, and safe anticoagulation option for IA treatment in HLA-incompatible kidney transplant recipients. Electrolyte disturbances, especially alkalosis, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and fluid status, should be closely monitored and managed.

Keywords

Bleeding Ionized calcium Protein A immunoadsorption Regional citrate anticoagulation

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