The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File:fig1.jpg|right|thumb|500px|"Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants<ref name="ref3" />."]]

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 2a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 2b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

[[File:fig2.jpg|center|thumb|500px|"Fig. 2 (a) Longitudinal sections of Oryza sativa primary root (PR) in wild-type (WT) plants and mutants. The thick (white) bars show the elongation zone of roots; the thinner bars are scale bars, 100 lm. (b) Contents of auxin in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25 in leaves (dark gray bars) and roots (light gray bars).<ref name="ref1" />."]]

===Expression===
[[File:fig3.jpg|right|thumb|400px|"Fig. 3 OsARF12 expression pattern and subcellular localization<ref name="ref3" />."]]

GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 3a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 3f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 3c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 3d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 3l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 5d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig.5e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

[[File:fig4.jpg|left|thumb|400px|"Fig. 4 Overexpression of osa-miR167d in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and rice (Oryza sativa) callus<ref name="ref3" />."]]
[[File:fig5.jpg|right|thumb|300px|"Fig. 5 (c) OsARF12 (open bars) and OsARF25 (closed bars) expression in roots of rice Oryza sativa wild-type (WT) treated with auxin, PATIs and various phytohormones. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) used three independent biological replicates and was performed according to Wang et al. (2010). NAA, 1-naphthylacetic acid; 6-BA, 6-benzylaminopurine; ACC, aminocyclopropane carboxlic acid; BR, brassinolide; JA, methyl jasmonate; SA, acetyl salicylic acid; NPA, 1-naphthylphthalamic acid; TIBA, 2,3,5-triiodo- benzoic acid; 1-NOA, 1-naphthoxyacetic acids. Error bars in the figure stand for standard deviation. (d–f) expression of OsPIN, OsLAX and OsPGP genes in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25; (g) expression of genes related to short roots in WT and osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25. OsPLT1, Plethora1; OsPLT2, Plethora2; OsSHR, Short root; OsSCR1, Scarecrow1; OsSCR2, Scarecrow2; OsMIR, mitochondrial Fe-regulated; OsSPR1, Short postembryonic root1. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) used three independent biological replicates and was performed according to Wang et al. (2010). Error bars in the figure stand for standard deviation<ref name="ref3" />."]]

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtaactagtataatttgcattgttgctaggtcaaatatgagctcctctttttcctccaaaaaatatatattcttcttttcatggaaccattgtaaaattgcaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtaagaaatattctcagaattctgatttatttattagttttagtaatcaatatccatgcatgcgcactacaaattcaagttttagtaagcaatataaatttaagtttcatcttaccgttctatgatttggttgcaaaaaaatctgcttaaattttagtactacacttggcataccctgtccatgtgtgcacactacaaactgaatctcttaattgatgttggcctcaaaacggccaagttaacatgctaagtaaaaatttcaaatctacatcaggcattgtaacttcattgtatatctaaataatttaaagatattaaacgtgcctaagatcaacaaaatttggcttgactagcaagtgcaaaagtggctgtcttatacttcctccgtttcataatgtaagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatagatgttaatgaatctagaaatatatgtgtgtctagattcattaacatctatatgaatgtgagcaatgctaaaaagtcttacattatgaaacggagggagtacaatactttggtttcctggtttccacaactaatagcttatcgaggaaaggtatgtacaatgtgaatggatatcccttcttcattcactgaaagacatgttgacagctcatggacagtatctaatgaatatgtttaaaagtactagtgttatatggagtatatttttgcaatgttcggtgcctaattgtgatctcaaacagaattcatgtgcattcagtcatacatctttaatgtgtattaatatgttaaatttttttactagactgttcttccttcaataatatgtgttggtcagtcactatatgttgatgctcagttacccaagacccttcgtgagagtaaacatcagacatgattcttcttgaaactgaccttcctcatatgatgtaggtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctgaagtgagagaacatggtgccatttctggtaagatgtcataattatatttattgtaacgattaccaaatcccacactaatccttaaaaacctatgactggatagagatgttcttttctgagtaaatctgttatcatgttgtgtacttcgatagttgttgacatattggcatcatgtgttttttgtcccttattgaatgtaaaatggtctcattgtgcgggttgaagaatgtctgtttgctctaatttttattgctcggaataactcacatcttaattgacgactcaaatttaatttagagtctttttatgcatattcatctctgcatactaacatgtcctggtatactatcacagggcttccaggaggattctgcagtgcatggtggcactcttgctctcgacaatgcacgtcgtcagaagtcccaaatttgtatcttgcatgtacgccgtacatgtttccagaactctctgttacctattcggtgcaggccaccggaaccacgaaacctgatattttgtaggttccacttaggaatcagtatcggtttaactcttatcctagatgatttgtaactcgcacggcagtccactgttttcatgtttcatcgagtcttcctagacattaaacttagttgatattgtatcaggatttatgtgtattgagattcctctacatgctttcaaccaaaaaaaactgcaataatcgaagcgcacgaggattgtttcaattcgtgttgtaggatctggattttcaccgattgtccggttatgtcagtttcgagaggagctgtcaatctg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

File:Fig6.jpg

2014-05-25T17:18:29Z

ChenYusheng:

Os04g0671900

2014-05-25T17:17:10Z

ChenYusheng: /* Regulation */

The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File:fig1.jpg|right|thumb|500px|"Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants<ref name="ref3" />."]]

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 2a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 2b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

[[File:fig2.jpg|center|thumb|500px|"Fig. 2 (a) Longitudinal sections of Oryza sativa primary root (PR) in wild-type (WT) plants and mutants. The thick (white) bars show the elongation zone of roots; the thinner bars are scale bars, 100 lm. (b) Contents of auxin in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25 in leaves (dark gray bars) and roots (light gray bars).<ref name="ref1" />."]]

===Expression===
[[File:fig3.jpg|right|thumb|400px|"Fig. 3 OsARF12 expression pattern and subcellular localization<ref name="ref3" />."]]

GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 3a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 3f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 3c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 3d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 3l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 5d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig.5e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

[[File:fig4.jpg|left|thumb|400px|"Fig. 4 Overexpression of osa-miR167d in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and rice (Oryza sativa) callus<ref name="ref3" />."]]
[[File:fig4.jpg|right|thumb|300px|"Fig. 5 Fig. 5 (c) OsARF12 (open bars) and OsARF25 (closed bars) expression in roots of rice Oryza sativa wild-type (WT) treated with auxin, PATIs and various phytohormones. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) used three independent biological replicates and was performed according to Wang et al. (2010). NAA, 1-naphthylacetic acid; 6-BA, 6-benzylaminopurine; ACC, aminocyclopropane carboxlic acid; BR, brassinolide; JA, methyl jasmonate; SA, acetyl salicylic acid; NPA, 1-naphthylphthalamic acid; TIBA, 2,3,5-triiodo- benzoic acid; 1-NOA, 1-naphthoxyacetic acids. Error bars in the figure stand for standard deviation. (d–f) expression of OsPIN, OsLAX and OsPGP genes in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25; (g) expression of genes related to short roots in WT and osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25. OsPLT1, Plethora1; OsPLT2, Plethora2; OsSHR, Short root; OsSCR1, Scarecrow1; OsSCR2, Scarecrow2; OsMIR, mitochondrial Fe-regulated; OsSPR1, Short postembryonic root1. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) used three independent biological replicates and was performed according to Wang et al. (2010). Error bars in the figure stand for standard deviation<ref name="ref3" />."]]

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtaactagtataatttgcattgttgctaggtcaaatatgagctcctctttttcctccaaaaaatatatattcttcttttcatggaaccattgtaaaattgcaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtaagaaatattctcagaattctgatttatttattagttttagtaatcaatatccatgcatgcgcactacaaattcaagttttagtaagcaatataaatttaagtttcatcttaccgttctatgatttggttgcaaaaaaatctgcttaaattttagtactacacttggcataccctgtccatgtgtgcacactacaaactgaatctcttaattgatgttggcctcaaaacggccaagttaacatgctaagtaaaaatttcaaatctacatcaggcattgtaacttcattgtatatctaaataatttaaagatattaaacgtgcctaagatcaacaaaatttggcttgactagcaagtgcaaaagtggctgtcttatacttcctccgtttcataatgtaagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatagatgttaatgaatctagaaatatatgtgtgtctagattcattaacatctatatgaatgtgagcaatgctaaaaagtcttacattatgaaacggagggagtacaatactttggtttcctggtttccacaactaatagcttatcgaggaaaggtatgtacaatgtgaatggatatcccttcttcattcactgaaagacatgttgacagctcatggacagtatctaatgaatatgtttaaaagtactagtgttatatggagtatatttttgcaatgttcggtgcctaattgtgatctcaaacagaattcatgtgcattcagtcatacatctttaatgtgtattaatatgttaaatttttttactagactgttcttccttcaataatatgtgttggtcagtcactatatgttgatgctcagttacccaagacccttcgtgagagtaaacatcagacatgattcttcttgaaactgaccttcctcatatgatgtaggtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctgaagtgagagaacatggtgccatttctggtaagatgtcataattatatttattgtaacgattaccaaatcccacactaatccttaaaaacctatgactggatagagatgttcttttctgagtaaatctgttatcatgttgtgtacttcgatagttgttgacatattggcatcatgtgttttttgtcccttattgaatgtaaaatggtctcattgtgcgggttgaagaatgtctgtttgctctaatttttattgctcggaataactcacatcttaattgacgactcaaatttaatttagagtctttttatgcatattcatctctgcatactaacatgtcctggtatactatcacagggcttccaggaggattctgcagtgcatggtggcactcttgctctcgacaatgcacgtcgtcagaagtcccaaatttgtatcttgcatgtacgccgtacatgtttccagaactctctgttacctattcggtgcaggccaccggaaccacgaaacctgatattttgtaggttccacttaggaatcagtatcggtttaactcttatcctagatgatttgtaactcgcacggcagtccactgttttcatgtttcatcgagtcttcctagacattaaacttagttgatattgtatcaggatttatgtgtattgagattcctctacatgctttcaaccaaaaaaaactgcaataatcgaagcgcacgaggattgtttcaattcgtgttgtaggatctggattttcaccgattgtccggttatgtcagtttcgagaggagctgtcaatctg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

Os04g0671900

2014-05-25T17:16:40Z

ChenYusheng: /* Regulation */

The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File:fig1.jpg|right|thumb|500px|"Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants<ref name="ref3" />."]]

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 2a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 2b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

[[File:fig2.jpg|center|thumb|500px|"Fig. 2 (a) Longitudinal sections of Oryza sativa primary root (PR) in wild-type (WT) plants and mutants. The thick (white) bars show the elongation zone of roots; the thinner bars are scale bars, 100 lm. (b) Contents of auxin in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25 in leaves (dark gray bars) and roots (light gray bars).<ref name="ref1" />."]]

===Expression===
[[File:fig3.jpg|right|thumb|400px|"Fig. 3 OsARF12 expression pattern and subcellular localization<ref name="ref3" />."]]

GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 3a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 3f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 3c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 3d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 3l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 5d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig.5e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

[[File:fig4.jpg|left|thumb|300px|"Fig. 4 Overexpression of osa-miR167d in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and rice (Oryza sativa) callus<ref name="ref3" />."]]
[[File:fig4.jpg|center|thumb|300px|"Fig. 5 Fig. 5 (c) OsARF12 (open bars) and OsARF25 (closed bars) expression in roots of rice Oryza sativa wild-type (WT) treated with auxin, PATIs and various phytohormones. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) used three independent biological replicates and was performed according to Wang et al. (2010). NAA, 1-naphthylacetic acid; 6-BA, 6-benzylaminopurine; ACC, aminocyclopropane carboxlic acid; BR, brassinolide; JA, methyl jasmonate; SA, acetyl salicylic acid; NPA, 1-naphthylphthalamic acid; TIBA, 2,3,5-triiodo- benzoic acid; 1-NOA, 1-naphthoxyacetic acids. Error bars in the figure stand for standard deviation. (d–f) expression of OsPIN, OsLAX and OsPGP genes in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25; (g) expression of genes related to short roots in WT and osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25. OsPLT1, Plethora1; OsPLT2, Plethora2; OsSHR, Short root; OsSCR1, Scarecrow1; OsSCR2, Scarecrow2; OsMIR, mitochondrial Fe-regulated; OsSPR1, Short postembryonic root1. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) used three independent biological replicates and was performed according to Wang et al. (2010). Error bars in the figure stand for standard deviation<ref name="ref3" />."]]

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttg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Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

File:Fig5.jpg

2014-05-25T17:15:20Z

ChenYusheng:

Os04g0671900

2014-05-25T17:14:54Z

ChenYusheng: /* Regulation */

The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File:fig1.jpg|right|thumb|500px|"Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants<ref name="ref3" />."]]

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 2a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 2b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

[[File:fig2.jpg|center|thumb|500px|"Fig. 2 (a) Longitudinal sections of Oryza sativa primary root (PR) in wild-type (WT) plants and mutants. The thick (white) bars show the elongation zone of roots; the thinner bars are scale bars, 100 lm. (b) Contents of auxin in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25 in leaves (dark gray bars) and roots (light gray bars).<ref name="ref1" />."]]

===Expression===
[[File:fig3.jpg|right|thumb|400px|"Fig. 3 OsARF12 expression pattern and subcellular localization<ref name="ref3" />."]]

GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 3a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 3f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 3c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 3d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 3l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 5d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig.5e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

[[File:fig4.jpg|left|thumb|300px|"Fig. 4 Overexpression of osa-miR167d in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and rice (Oryza sativa) callus<ref name="ref3" />."]]
[[File:fig4.jpg|center|thumb|300px|"Fig. 4 Overexpression of osa-miR167d in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and rice (Oryza sativa) callus<ref name="ref3" />."]]

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtaactagtataatttgcattgttgctaggtcaaatatgagctcctctttttcctccaaaaaatatatattcttcttttcatggaaccattgtaaaattgcaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtaagaaatattctcagaattctgatttatttattagttttagtaatcaatatccatgcatgcgcactacaaattcaagttttagtaagcaatataaatttaagtttcatcttaccgttctatgatttggttgcaaaaaaatctgcttaaattttagtactacacttggcataccctgtccatgtgtgcacactacaaactgaatctcttaattgatgttggcctcaaaacggccaagttaacatgctaagtaaaaatttcaaatctacatcaggcattgtaacttcattgtatatctaaataatttaaagatattaaacgtgcctaagatcaacaaaatttggcttgactagcaagtgcaaaagtggctgtcttatacttcctccgtttcataatgtaagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatagatgttaatgaatctagaaatatatgtgtgtctagattcattaacatctatatgaatgtgagcaatgctaaaaagtcttacattatgaaacggagggagtacaatactttggtttcctggtttccacaactaatagcttatcgaggaaaggtatgtacaatgtgaatggatatcccttcttcattcactgaaagacatgttgacagctcatggacagtatctaatgaatatgtttaaaagtactagtgttatatggagtatatttttgcaatgttcggtgcctaattgtgatctcaaacagaattcatgtgcattcagtcatacatctttaatgtgtattaatatgttaaatttttttactagactgttcttccttcaataatatgtgttggtcagtcactatatgttgatgctcagttacccaagacccttcgtgagagtaaacatcagacatgattcttcttgaaactgaccttcctcatatgatgtaggtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctgaagtgagagaacatggtgccatttctggtaagatgtcataattatatttattgtaacgattaccaaatcccacactaatccttaaaaacctatgactggatagagatgttcttttctgagtaaatctgttatcatgttgtgtacttcgatagttgttgacatattggcatcatgtgttttttgtcccttattgaatgtaaaatggtctcattgtgcgggttgaagaatgtctgtttgctctaatttttattgctcggaataactcacatcttaattgacgactcaaatttaatttagagtctttttatgcatattcatctctgcatactaacatgtcctggtatactatcacagggcttccaggaggattctgcagtgcatggtggcactcttgctctcgacaatgcacgtcgtcagaagtcccaaatttgtatcttgcatgtacgccgtacatgtttccagaactctctgttacctattcggtgcaggccaccggaaccacgaaacctgatattttgtaggttccacttaggaatcagtatcggtttaactcttatcctagatgatttgtaactcgcacggcagtccactgttttcatgtttcatcgagtcttcctagacattaaacttagttgatattgtatcaggatttatgtgtattgagattcctctacatgctttcaaccaaaaaaaactgcaataatcgaagcgcacgaggattgtttcaattcgtgttgtaggatctggattttcaccgattgtccggttatgtcagtttcgagaggagctgtcaatctg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

Os04g0671900

2014-05-25T17:12:39Z

ChenYusheng: /* Regulation */

The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File:fig1.jpg|right|thumb|500px|"Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants<ref name="ref3" />."]]

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 2a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 2b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

[[File:fig2.jpg|center|thumb|500px|"Fig. 2 (a) Longitudinal sections of Oryza sativa primary root (PR) in wild-type (WT) plants and mutants. The thick (white) bars show the elongation zone of roots; the thinner bars are scale bars, 100 lm. (b) Contents of auxin in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25 in leaves (dark gray bars) and roots (light gray bars).<ref name="ref1" />."]]

===Expression===
[[File:fig3.jpg|right|thumb|400px|"Fig. 3 OsARF12 expression pattern and subcellular localization<ref name="ref3" />."]]

GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 3a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 3f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 3c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 3d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 3l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

[[File:fig4.jpg|left|thumb|300px|"Fig. 4 Overexpression of osa-miR167d in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and rice (Oryza sativa) callus<ref name="ref3" />."]]

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtaactagtataatttgcattgttgctaggtcaaatatgagctcctctttttcctccaaaaaatatatattcttcttttcatggaaccattgtaaaattgcaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtaagaaatattctcagaattctgatttatttattagttttagtaatcaatatccatgcatgcgcactacaaattcaagttttagtaagcaatataaatttaagtttcatcttaccgttctatgatttggttgcaaaaaaatctgcttaaattttagtactacacttggcataccctgtccatgtgtgcacactacaaactgaatctcttaattgatgttggcctcaaaacggccaagttaacatgctaagtaaaaatttcaaatctacatcaggcattgtaacttcattgtatatctaaataatttaaagatattaaacgtgcctaagatcaacaaaatttggcttgactagcaagtgcaaaagtggctgtcttatacttcctccgtttcataatgtaagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatagatgttaatgaatctagaaatatatgtgtgtctagattcattaacatctatatgaatgtgagcaatgctaaaaagtcttacattatgaaacggagggagtacaatactttggtttcctggtttccacaactaatagcttatcgaggaaaggtatgtacaatgtgaatggatatcccttcttcattcactgaaagacatgttgacagctcatggacagtatctaatgaatatgtttaaaagtactagtgttatatggagtatatttttgcaatgttcggtgcctaattgtgatctcaaacagaattcatgtgcattcagtcatacatctttaatgtgtattaatatgttaaatttttttactagactgttcttccttcaataatatgtgttggtcagtcactatatgttgatgctcagttacccaagacccttcgtgagagtaaacatcagacatgattcttcttgaaactgaccttcctcatatgatgtaggtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctgaagtgagagaacatggtgccatttctggtaagatgtcataattatatttattgtaacgattaccaaatcccacactaatccttaaaaacctatgactggatagagatgttcttttctgagtaaatctgttatcatgttgtgtacttcgatagttgttgacatattggcatcatgtgttttttgtcccttattgaatgtaaaatggtctcattgtgcgggttgaagaatgtctgtttgctctaatttttattgctcggaataactcacatcttaattgacgactcaaatttaatttagagtctttttatgcatattcatctctgcatactaacatgtcctggtatactatcacagggcttccaggaggattctgcagtgcatggtggcactcttgctctcgacaatgcacgtcgtcagaagtcccaaatttgtatcttgcatgtacgccgtacatgtttccagaactctctgttacctattcggtgcaggccaccggaaccacgaaacctgatattttgtaggttccacttaggaatcagtatcggtttaactcttatcctagatgatttgtaactcgcacggcagtccactgttttcatgtttcatcgagtcttcctagacattaaacttagttgatattgtatcaggatttatgtgtattgagattcctctacatgctttcaaccaaaaaaaactgcaataatcgaagcgcacgaggattgtttcaattcgtgttgtaggatctggattttcaccgattgtccggttatgtcagtttcgagaggagctgtcaatctg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

Os04g0671900

2014-05-25T17:12:06Z

ChenYusheng: /* Annotated Information */

The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File:fig1.jpg|right|thumb|500px|"Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants<ref name="ref3" />."]]

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 2a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 2b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

[[File:fig2.jpg|center|thumb|500px|"Fig. 2 (a) Longitudinal sections of Oryza sativa primary root (PR) in wild-type (WT) plants and mutants. The thick (white) bars show the elongation zone of roots; the thinner bars are scale bars, 100 lm. (b) Contents of auxin in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25 in leaves (dark gray bars) and roots (light gray bars).<ref name="ref1" />."]]

===Expression===
[[File:fig3.jpg|right|thumb|400px|"Fig. 3 OsARF12 expression pattern and subcellular localization<ref name="ref3" />."]]

GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 3a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 3f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 3c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 3d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 3l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

[[File:fig4.jpg|left|thumb|300px|"Fig. 3 Overexpression of osa-miR167d in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and rice (Oryza sativa) callus<ref name="ref3" />."]]

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtaactagtataatttgcattgttgctaggtcaaatatgagctcctctttttcctccaaaaaatatatattcttcttttcatggaaccattgtaaaattgcaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtaagaaatattctcagaattctgatttatttattagttttagtaatcaatatccatgcatgcgcactacaaattcaagttttagtaagcaatataaatttaagtttcatcttaccgttctatgatttggttgcaaaaaaatctgcttaaattttagtactacacttggcataccctgtccatgtgtgcacactacaaactgaatctcttaattgatgttggcctcaaaacggccaagttaacatgctaagtaaaaatttcaaatctacatcaggcattgtaacttcattgtatatctaaataatttaaagatattaaacgtgcctaagatcaacaaaatttggcttgactagcaagtgcaaaagtggctgtcttatacttcctccgtttcataatgtaagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatagatgttaatgaatctagaaatatatgtgtgtctagattcattaacatctatatgaatgtgagcaatgctaaaaagtcttacattatgaaacggagggagtacaatactttggtttcctggtttccacaactaatagcttatcgaggaaaggtatgtacaatgtgaatggatatcccttcttcattcactgaaagacatgttgacagctcatggacagtatctaatgaatatgtttaaaagtactagtgttatatggagtatatttttgcaatgttcggtgcctaattgtgatctcaaacagaattcatgtgcattcagtcatacatctttaatgtgtattaatatgttaaatttttttactagactgttcttccttcaataatatgtgttggtcagtcactatatgttgatgctcagttacccaagacccttcgtgagagtaaacatcagacatgattcttcttgaaactgaccttcctcatatgatgtaggtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctgaagtgagagaacatggtgccatttctggtaagatgtcataattatatttattgtaacgattaccaaatcccacactaatccttaaaaacctatgactggatagagatgttcttttctgagtaaatctgttatcatgttgtgtacttcgatagttgttgacatattggcatcatgtgttttttgtcccttattgaatgtaaaatggtctcattgtgcgggttgaagaatgtctgtttgctctaatttttattgctcggaataactcacatcttaattgacgactcaaatttaatttagagtctttttatgcatattcatctctgcatactaacatgtcctggtatactatcacagggcttccaggaggattctgcagtgcatggtggcactcttgctctcgacaatgcacgtcgtcagaagtcccaaatttgtatcttgcatgtacgccgtacatgtttccagaactctctgttacctattcggtgcaggccaccggaaccacgaaacctgatattttgtaggttccacttaggaatcagtatcggtttaactcttatcctagatgatttgtaactcgcacggcagtccactgttttcatgtttcatcgagtcttcctagacattaaacttagttgatattgtatcaggatttatgtgtattgagattcctctacatgctttcaaccaaaaaaaactgcaataatcgaagcgcacgaggattgtttcaattcgtgttgtaggatctggattttcaccgattgtccggttatgtcagtttcgagaggagctgtcaatctg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

File:Fig4.jpg

2014-05-25T17:10:49Z

ChenYusheng: uploaded a new version of "File:Fig4.jpg"

Os04g0671900

2014-05-25T17:08:31Z

ChenYusheng: /* Evolution */

The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File:fig1.jpg|right|thumb|500px|"Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants<ref name="ref3" />."]]

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 2a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 2b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

[[File:fig2.jpg|center|thumb|500px|"Fig. 2 (a) Longitudinal sections of Oryza sativa primary root (PR) in wild-type (WT) plants and mutants. The thick (white) bars show the elongation zone of roots; the thinner bars are scale bars, 100 lm. (b) Contents of auxin in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25 in leaves (dark gray bars) and roots (light gray bars).<ref name="ref1" />."]]

===Expression===
[[File:fig3.jpg|right|thumb|400px|"Fig. 3 OsARF12 expression pattern and subcellular localization<ref name="ref3" />."]]

GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 3a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 3f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 3c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 3d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 3l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtaactagtataatttgcattgttgctaggtcaaatatgagctcctctttttcctccaaaaaatatatattcttcttttcatggaaccattgtaaaattgcaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtaagaaatattctcagaattctgatttatttattagttttagtaatcaatatccatgcatgcgcactacaaattcaagttttagtaagcaatataaatttaagtttcatcttaccgttctatgatttggttgcaaaaaaatctgcttaaattttagtactacacttggcataccctgtccatgtgtgcacactacaaactgaatctcttaattgatgttggcctcaaaacggccaagttaacatgctaagtaaaaatttcaaatctacatcaggcattgtaacttcattgtatatctaaataatttaaagatattaaacgtgcctaagatcaacaaaatttggcttgactagcaagtgcaaaagtggctgtcttatacttcctccgtttcataatgtaagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatagatgttaatgaatctagaaatatatgtgtgtctagattcattaacatctatatgaatgtgagcaatgctaaaaagtcttacattatgaaacggagggagtacaatactttggtttcctggtttccacaactaatagcttatcgaggaaaggtatgtacaatgtgaatggatatcccttcttcattcactgaaagacatgttgacagctcatggacagtatctaatgaatatgtttaaaagtactagtgttatatggagtatatttttgcaatgttcggtgcctaattgtgatctcaaacagaattcatgtgcattcagtcatacatctttaatgtgtattaatatgttaaatttttttactagactgttcttccttcaataatatgtgttggtcagtcactatatgttgatgctcagttacccaagacccttcgtgagagtaaacatcagacatgattcttcttgaaactgaccttcctcatatgatgtaggtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctgaagtgagagaacatggtgccatttctggtaagatgtcataattatatttattgtaacgattaccaaatcccacactaatccttaaaaacctatgactggatagagatgttcttttctgagtaaatctgttatcatgttgtgtacttcgatagttgttgacatattggcatcatgtgttttttgtcccttattgaatgtaaaatggtctcattgtgcgggttgaagaatgtctgtttgctctaatttttattgctcggaataactcacatcttaattgacgactcaaatttaatttagagtctttttatgcatattcatctctgcatactaacatgtcctggtatactatcacagggcttccaggaggattctgcagtgcatggtggcactcttgctctcgacaatgcacgtcgtcagaagtcccaaatttgtatcttgcatgtacgccgtacatgtttccagaactctctgttacctattcggtgcaggccaccggaaccacgaaacctgatattttgtaggttccacttaggaatcagtatcggtttaactcttatcctagatgatttgtaactcgcacggcagtccactgttttcatgtttcatcgagtcttcctagacattaaacttagttgatattgtatcaggatttatgtgtattgagattcctctacatgctttcaaccaaaaaaaactgcaataatcgaagcgcacgaggattgtttcaattcgtgttgtaggatctggattttcaccgattgtccggttatgtcagtttcgagaggagctgtcaatctg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

Os04g0671900

2014-05-25T17:06:42Z

ChenYusheng: /* Expression */

The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File:fig1.jpg|right|thumb|500px|"Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants<ref name="ref3" />."]]

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 2a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 2b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

[[File:fig2.jpg|center|thumb|500px|"Fig. 2 (a) Longitudinal sections of Oryza sativa primary root (PR) in wild-type (WT) plants and mutants. The thick (white) bars show the elongation zone of roots; the thinner bars are scale bars, 100 lm. (b) Contents of auxin in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25 in leaves (dark gray bars) and roots (light gray bars).<ref name="ref1" />."]]

===Expression===
[[File:fig3.jpg|right|thumb|400px|"Fig. 3 OsARF12 expression pattern and subcellular localization<ref name="ref3" />."]]

GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 3a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 3f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 3c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 3d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 3l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtaactagtataatttgcattgttgctaggtcaaatatgagctcctctttttcctccaaaaaatatatattcttcttttcatggaaccattgtaaaattgcaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtaagaaatattctcagaattctgatttatttattagttttagtaatcaatatccatgcatgcgcactacaaattcaagttttagtaagcaatataaatttaagtttcatcttaccgttctatgatttggttgcaaaaaaatctgcttaaattttagtactacacttggcataccctgtccatgtgtgcacactacaaactgaatctcttaattgatgttggcctcaaaacggccaagttaacatgctaagtaaaaatttcaaatctacatcaggcattgtaacttcattgtatatctaaataatttaaagatattaaacgtgcctaagatcaacaaaatttggcttgactagcaagtgcaaaagtggctgtcttatacttcctccgtttcataatgtaagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatagatgttaatgaatctagaaatatatgtgtgtctagattcattaacatctatatgaatgtgagcaatgctaaaaagtcttacattatgaaacggagggagtacaatactttggtttcctggtttccacaactaatagcttatcgaggaaaggtatgtacaatgtgaatggatatcccttcttcattcactgaaagacatgttgacagctcatggacagtatctaatgaatatgtttaaaagtactagtgttatatggagtatatttttgcaatgttcggtgcctaattgtgatctcaaacagaattcatgtgcattcagtcatacatctttaatgtgtattaatatgttaaatttttttactagactgttcttccttcaataatatgtgttggtcagtcactatatgttgatgctcagttacccaagacccttcgtgagagtaaacatcagacatgattcttcttgaaactgaccttcctcatatgatgtaggtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctgaagtgagagaacatggtgccatttctggtaagatgtcataattatatttattgtaacgattaccaaatcccacactaatccttaaaaacctatgactggatagagatgttcttttctgagtaaatctgttatcatgttgtgtacttcgatagttgttgacatattggcatcatgtgttttttgtcccttattgaatgtaaaatggtctcattgtgcgggttgaagaatgtctgtttgctctaatttttattgctcggaataactcacatcttaattgacgactcaaatttaatttagagtctttttatgcatattcatctctgcatactaacatgtcctggtatactatcacagggcttccaggaggattctgcagtgcatggtggcactcttgctctcgacaatgcacgtcgtcagaagtcccaaatttgtatcttgcatgtacgccgtacatgtttccagaactctctgttacctattcggtgcaggccaccggaaccacgaaacctgatattttgtaggttccacttaggaatcagtatcggtttaactcttatcctagatgatttgtaactcgcacggcagtccactgttttcatgtttcatcgagtcttcctagacattaaacttagttgatattgtatcaggatttatgtgtattgagattcctctacatgctttcaaccaaaaaaaactgcaataatcgaagcgcacgaggattgtttcaattcgtgttgtaggatctggattttcaccgattgtccggttatgtcagtttcgagaggagctgtcaatctg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

Os04g0671900

2014-05-25T17:05:51Z

ChenYusheng: /* Annotated Information */

The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File:fig1.jpg|right|thumb|500px|"Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants<ref name="ref3" />."]]

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 2a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 2b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

[[File:fig2.jpg|center|thumb|500px|"Fig. 2 (a) Longitudinal sections of Oryza sativa primary root (PR) in wild-type (WT) plants and mutants. The thick (white) bars show the elongation zone of roots; the thinner bars are scale bars, 100 lm. (b) Contents of auxin in WT, osarf12, osarf25 and osarf12 ⁄ 25 in leaves (dark gray bars) and roots (light gray bars).<ref name="ref1" />."]]

===Expression===
[[File:fig3.jpg|right|thumb|300px|"Fig. 3 OsARF12 expression pattern and subcellular localization<ref name="ref3" />."]]

GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 3a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 3f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 3c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 3d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 3l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtaactagtataatttgcattgttgctaggtcaaatatgagctcctctttttcctccaaaaaatatatattcttcttttcatggaaccattgtaaaattgcaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtaagaaatattctcagaattctgatttatttattagttttagtaatcaatatccatgcatgcgcactacaaattcaagttttagtaagcaatataaatttaagtttcatcttaccgttctatgatttggttgcaaaaaaatctgcttaaattttagtactacacttggcataccctgtccatgtgtgcacactacaaactgaatctcttaattgatgttggcctcaaaacggccaagttaacatgctaagtaaaaatttcaaatctacatcaggcattgtaacttcattgtatatctaaataatttaaagatattaaacgtgcctaagatcaacaaaatttggcttgactagcaagtgcaaaagtggctgtcttatacttcctccgtttcataatgtaagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatagatgttaatgaatctagaaatatatgtgtgtctagattcattaacatctatatgaatgtgagcaatgctaaaaagtcttacattatgaaacggagggagtacaatactttggtttcctggtttccacaactaatagcttatcgaggaaaggtatgtacaatgtgaatggatatcccttcttcattcactgaaagacatgttgacagctcatggacagtatctaatgaatatgtttaaaagtactagtgttatatggagtatatttttgcaatgttcggtgcctaattgtgatctcaaacagaattcatgtgcattcagtcatacatctttaatgtgtattaatatgttaaatttttttactagactgttcttccttcaataatatgtgttggtcagtcactatatgttgatgctcagttacccaagacccttcgtgagagtaaacatcagacatgattcttcttgaaactgaccttcctcatatgatgtaggtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctgaagtgagagaacatggtgccatttctggtaagatgtcataattatatttattgtaacgattaccaaatcccacactaatccttaaaaacctatgactggatagagatgttcttttctgagtaaatctgttatcatgttgtgtacttcgatagttgttgacatattggcatcatgtgttttttgtcccttattgaatgtaaaatggtctcattgtgcgggttgaagaatgtctgtttgctctaatttttattgctcggaataactcacatcttaattgacgactcaaatttaatttagagtctttttatgcatattcatctctgcatactaacatgtcctggtatactatcacagggcttccaggaggattctgcagtgcatggtggcactcttgctctcgacaatgcacgtcgtcagaagtcccaaatttgtatcttgcatgtacgccgtacatgtttccagaactctctgttacctattcggtgcaggccaccggaaccacgaaacctgatattttgtaggttccacttaggaatcagtatcggtttaactcttatcctagatgatttgtaactcgcacggcagtccactgttttcatgtttcatcgagtcttcctagacattaaacttagttgatattgtatcaggatttatgtgtattgagattcctctacatgctttcaaccaaaaaaaactgcaataatcgaagcgcacgaggattgtttcaattcgtgttgtaggatctggattttcaccgattgtccggttatgtcagtttcgagaggagctgtcaatctg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

Os04g0671900

2014-05-25T16:46:00Z

ChenYusheng: /* Function */

The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File:fig1.jpg|right|thumb|500px|Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants. (a) Phenotypic characterization of WT and mutants; normal nutritional solution. From left to right: the 7-d-old seedlings of Nipponbare (NIP), osarf12-Tos17 (osarf12T), DongJin (DJ), osarf12-TDNA (osarf12), osarf25, and osarf12 ⁄ 25. Bar, 2 cm. (b) Morphology of the above-mentioned lines under treatment of 1 lM 2,4-dichlorophenoxy- acetic acid for 7 d. Bars, 2 cm.]]

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 6a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 6b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

===Expression===
GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 2a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 2f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 2c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 2d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 2l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtaactagtataatttgcattgttgctaggtcaaatatgagctcctctttttcctccaaaaaatatatattcttcttttcatggaaccattgtaaaattgcaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtaagaaatattctcagaattctgatttatttattagttttagtaatcaatatccatgcatgcgcactacaaattcaagttttagtaagcaatataaatttaagtttcatcttaccgttctatgatttggttgcaaaaaaatctgcttaaattttagtactacacttggcataccctgtccatgtgtgcacactacaaactgaatctcttaattgatgttggcctcaaaacggccaagttaacatgctaagtaaaaatttcaaatctacatcaggcattgtaacttcattgtatatctaaataatttaaagatattaaacgtgcctaagatcaacaaaatttggcttgactagcaagtgcaaaagtggctgtcttatacttcctccgtttcataatgtaagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatagatgttaatgaatctagaaatatatgtgtgtctagattcattaacatctatatgaatgtgagcaatgctaaaaagtcttacattatgaaacggagggagtacaatactttggtttcctggtttccacaactaatagcttatcgaggaaaggtatgtacaatgtgaatggatatcccttcttcattcactgaaagacatgttgacagctcatggacagtatctaatgaatatgtttaaaagtactagtgttatatggagtatatttttgcaatgttcggtgcctaattgtgatctcaaacagaattcatgtgcattcagtcatacatctttaatgtgtattaatatgttaaatttttttactagactgttcttccttcaataatatgtgttggtcagtcactatatgttgatgctcagttacccaagacccttcgtgagagtaaacatcagacatgattcttcttgaaactgaccttcctcatatgatgtaggtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctgaagtgagagaacatggtgccatttctggtaagatgtcataattatatttattgtaacgattaccaaatcccacactaatccttaaaaacctatgactggatagagatgttcttttctgagtaaatctgttatcatgttgtgtacttcgatagttgttgacatattggcatcatgtgttttttgtcccttattgaatgtaaaatggtctcattgtgcgggttgaagaatgtctgtttgctctaatttttattgctcggaataactcacatcttaattgacgactcaaatttaatttagagtctttttatgcatattcatctctgcatactaacatgtcctggtatactatcacagggcttccaggaggattctgcagtgcatggtggcactcttgctctcgacaatgcacgtcgtcagaagtcccaaatttgtatcttgcatgtacgccgtacatgtttccagaactctctgttacctattcggtgcaggccaccggaaccacgaaacctgatattttgtaggttccacttaggaatcagtatcggtttaactcttatcctagatgatttgtaactcgcacggcagtccactgttttcatgtttcatcgagtcttcctagacattaaacttagttgatattgtatcaggatttatgtgtattgagattcctctacatgctttcaaccaaaaaaaactgcaataatcgaagcgcacgaggattgtttcaattcgtgttgtaggatctggattttcaccgattgtccggttatgtcagtttcgagaggagctgtcaatctg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

Os04g0671900

2014-05-25T16:38:11Z

ChenYusheng: /* Function */

The ''OsARF12'' gene encode a transcription activator on auxin response gene to regulate the plant developmental process.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). ''OsARF12'' is a transcription activator, which facilitated the transcription of the auxin response reporting gene. Auxin acts as a versatile trigger in root developmental processes, including the regulation of root growth, root patterning and root cell division and elongation. The dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis has a primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs), whereas the monocotyled- onous crop rice has fibrous roots predominantly composed of adventitious roots (ARs) and LRs. The primary root lengths (PRLs) in mutant ''osarf12T'' and ''osarf12'' were ''c''. 35% shorter than WT Nipponbare or Dongjin (Fig. 1a). In particular, the PRL in double mutant ''osarf12/25'' was ''c''. 43% of that in WT. Thus the double mutation of ''OsARF12'' and ''OsARF25'' increased the effect of ''OsARF12'' loss-of-function. However, the PRLs of both mutants ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12T'' were all greater than WT under 2,4-D treatments, indicating that these mutants were insensitive to auxin (Fig. 1b); ''osarf25'' was sensitive to axuin, while ''osarf12/25'' was less sensitive to it (Fig. 1b).

[[File:fig1.jpg]]

Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants. (a) Phenotypic characterization of WT and mutants; normal nutritional solution. From left to right: the 7-d-old seedlings of Nipponbare (NIP), osarf12-Tos17 (osarf12T), DongJin (DJ), osarf12-TDNA (osarf12), osarf25, and osarf12 ⁄ 25. Bar, 2 cm. (b) Morphology of the above-mentioned lines under treatment of 1 lM 2,4-dichlorophenoxy- acetic acid for 7 d. Bars, 2 cm.

Longitudinal PR sections of WT, ''osarf12'', ''osarf25'' and ''osarf12/25'' were examined (Fig. 6a): the elongation zones of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' were distinctly shorter than the WT. Additionally, the auxin concentration in roots or leaves of ''osarf12'' was also half that of the WT (Fig. 6b). These results suggested that decreased primary root elongation (PRE) might be caused by a shortened elongation zone of PR and reduction of auxin concentration in ''osarf12''.

===Expression===
GUS staining was mainly found in the stele and root tip (Fig. 2a and b) of PRs, ARs (same as for PRs, data no shown) and LRs (initiation to maturation) (Fig. 2f–j). In the stem, ''OsARF12'' showed the highest expression in vascular tissue (Fig. 2c). ''OsARF12'' expression was also observed in the stamen, ovary, glume and leaf vein (Fig. 2d,e). The transient expression of ''OsARF12'' in onion epidermal cells confirmed that it was localized in the cell nucleus (Fig. 2l,m).

===Regulation===
''OsARF12'' expression is repressed by ''osa-miRNA167d'' in rice. Predicted by http://csrdb.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/rice_smrna, the 2467–2494 regions on the ''OsARF12'' gene may be a target site of ''miR167d'' (Fig. 4a). The sqRT-PCR and qRT-PCR analyses also show that the ''OsARF12'' expression level decreased fivefold in infected tobacco carrying 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-1'' and 35S:''OsARF12'' ⁄ 35S:''miR167d-2'' compared with 35S:''OsARF12'' (Fig. 4b,c)

Plant development and physiology are widely determined by polar transport of the signaling molecule auxin. This process is controlled at the cellular efflux level catalyzed by members of the PIN (pin-formed) and ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily B/P-glycoprotein family that can function either independently or in concert . The majority of ''OsPINs'' (except for ''OsPIN1, 1b, 1d, 2'' and ''8'') and the majority of ''OsPGPs'' (except for ''OsPGP2, 3, 9, 10, 14'' and ''22'') are significantly reduced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6d–f). Experimental evidence suggests that ''OsARF12'' may affect the expression of auxin transporter proteins and thereby modulate auxin distribution. However, it is inexplicable why the five auxin influx-like carriers (''OsLAX'') are all enhanced in ''osarf12'' (Fig. 6e), and ''OsARF12'' expression was decreased by the auxin influx inhibitor NOA (Fig. 5c). These results suggests that ''OsARF12''-regulated auxin transport has a complexity that needs to be further investigated.

''OsSCR2'' and ''OsMIR'' are up-regulated in ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25''. The knockout mutant of ''OsMIR'' accumulates more Fe than does the WT. Conversely, ''short postembryonic root1'' (''OsSPR1'') was inhibited in ''osarf12'' or ''osarf12/25''. The knockdown mutant of ''osspr1'' accumulates less Fe compared with the WT. This all indicated that both mitochondrial proteins, ''OsMIR'' and ''OsSPR1'', involved in root development and Fe homeostasis may be negatively/positively regulated by ''OsARF12''. The Fe concentrations in leaves and roots of ''osarf12'' and ''osarf12/25'' are distinctly lower than WT while the concentration in seed was slightly lower than WT (Fig. 7a–c). The results suggested that the knockout of ''OsARF12'' might impair Fe accumulation.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os04g0671900|
Description = Similar to P-167-1_1 (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001060757.1 GI:115461243 GeneID:4337363|
Length = 7369 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os04g0671900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 4|Chromosome 4]]|
AP = Chromosome 4:34677017..34684385|
CDS = 34677814..34677910,34678831..34679021,34679125..34680113,34680723..34680870,34681083..34681158 ,34681475..34681597,34681680..34681844,34681930..34682020,34682803..34682887 ,34682990..34683145,34683264..34683320,34683447..34683545,34683661..34683770 ,34683873..34683942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008397:34677017..34684385
source=RiceChromosome04
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccacaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccgggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatgatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSSSAASIGPPQPPPPPAPPEEEKKCLNSELWHACAGPLVCLP TVGTRVVYFPQGHSEQVAASTNKEVEGHIPNYPNLPAQLICQLHDVTMHADVETDEVY AQMTLQPLNPQEQNDAYLPAEMGIMSKQPTNYFCKTLTASDTSTHGGFSVPRRAAERV FPPLDFTQQPPAQELIARDIHDIEWKFRHIFRGQPKRHLLTTGWSVFVSAKRLVAGDS VLFIWNEKNQLLLGIRRASRPQTVMPSSVLSSDSMHIGLLAAAAHAAATNSRFTIFYN PRASPSEFVIPLSKYIKAVFHTRISVGMRFRMLFETEESSVRRYMGTITEVSDADPVR WPSSYWRSVKVGWDESTAGERPPRVSLWEIEPLTTFPMYPSLFPLRVKHPWYSGVASL HDDSNALMWLRGVAGEGGFQSLNFQSPGIGSWGQQRLHPSLLSSDHDQYQAVVAAAAA SQSGGYLKQQFLHLQQPMQSPQEHCNLNPLLQQQILQQASQQQIINPDAQNIQTMLSP SAIQQQLQQLQQMQQVQNDQKQKIQPDQSYQVPTSAVLPSPTSLPSHLREKFGFSDPN ANSSSFITSSSSDNMLDSSFLQGSSKAVDLSRFNQPVASEQQQQQQQAWKQKFMGSQS VSFGGSVLHNSPTSKDGSVENKIGRDVQNQSLFSPQVDSSSLLYNMVPNLTSNVSDGN LSTIPSGSTYLQNAMYGCLDDSSGLLQNTGENDPATRTFVKVYKSGSVGRSLDITRFS NYAELREELGQMFGIKGQLDDPDRSGWQLVFVDRENDVLLLGDDPWESFVNSVWYIKI LSPEDVHKMGKQGNDPRYLS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>6476..6572#5365..5555#4273..5261#3516..3663#3228..3303#2789..2911#2542..2706#2366..2456#1499..1583#1241..1396#1066..1122#841..939#616..725#444..513#cgctactgtacggccccctgcgctgcgccccccctcgtcgcgcacacgcacacacgcactcgcactactcgaaccacgcgaacccctctctttctctctctctctctctctcgcttaaatgccacaaacctaatcatttccacccctcttgcgctctctctctctctctccaaccccaccctttctccccaccatggtggcgatctccgagctcgggtgagcggaagagaaaggttggttggtcccttgccggcggggtgggggttggattgattttgctttgctttgctctgtggtttgttgatgcttgttgttggtgttggtgttggtggtggtggtgcagaatgcggccgatttgaggagggggatggggttttcgggtggatttgtgaggggatagattaagagtttgtgcttctctggtttggtcggaggaggaggagatgagctcgtcgtcggcggccagcatcgggccgccgcagccgccgccgccccccgcgccgcccgaggaaggtgggtggctaggtttgtttccgccgcttcgcttcgcggttcgctttacttcccttctcgtttggttgatgactcgatctgctgctgctgctgctgctgcagagaagaagtgcctcaactcggagctatggcacgcctgcgccggcccgctcgtctgcctccccaccgtcggcacgcgcgtcgtctacttcccgcaaggccacagcgagcaggtgaggctgagctcacctcctcagccgtctcgtgggcgcgcttgctttgcttctctctctctatctctgctggtttctcttgtttctgacgcgggtgagctttgcatacgtgaaggtggcggcgtcgacgaacaaggaggtggagggtcacatcccgaactaccccaacctgccggcgcagctgatctgccagctccacgatgtcacaatgcatgtacgtggttccttgccctaatttctcggggcatttctcagatcgatgcggcgtcacctccactccactcctccggtttatctccatggctgtcggtgctgacttgggctggcaatttttttgcaggcggatgtggagactgacgaggtgtacgcgcagatgacgctccagccactgaacccagtaaggcgcctggggtttttgcatgatgtttgcagtgctgaggttttgatggtttgaaggcgtgaaatattctaagcggttaatttgatggtttttttggatgtgttcattcgtgcagcaggagcagaacgatgcgtaccttcccgcggagatggggataatgagcaagcagccgacgaattacttctgcaagacattgacggcgagcgacaccagcacgcacggggggttctccgtgccccgccgtgctgctgagcgcgtcttccctcctttggtgtgatgagtggtgtaatttggggctgtgctcctttcttgtacttcttgggtggttgggttttgctgttgccaataacaggtggtatagtgtggtttgtaggatttcacacagcagcctccagcccaggagctaattgcacgggatattcatgacatcgagtggaagttcaggcacatctttcgaggtaacttcttaaaaatctgtagagcttatggcagtcttgaattcttcataacggtgaattatgatattcttaaagggaatttcctaataatcatctctgccccttttccattcgataagttcaccctttgtaatcatggcttaaaaccttcctaataaaaacgttttcaagtgttctgagaaaaacttcaaccattctcacacaatgtgatgtaagcgtctttttcacttaaaaatcagttggtgtgaatggagcaagagatacttgattgaattagggttatgcatagaaatgaagttacgagatcattaattggataagcacataaaaaatatcaaattttaatatgttaggatagttagcagtggatcaagttacaattgacatatgaatacatgatactttcagaggcgtactgaaatatttactagagttcgcaggtcttacaaaattgcacaatgagcaatcactgtactggacagtataattctcggtgtaggcttctttttgtatgccttgaattcccatctttctgcagggttgaacttattgttagtgtgttttctgacacagaatgtactttgtattgatcacaataactaaaaaaatgttgtcttaacataaatgttgatagtacatatgcttgaggtacttgtgctgtattgattatgaaatgggatctgctcaacactaatgatgttgttagtaattgtgtttagtagttttatatttttgaacatgccatgttactatcttttgtagtaatatgctgtttttgacaggccaacccaaacgacacctgctaaccactggctggagcgtttttgtcagtgctaagagacttgttgctggagattctgtgcttttcatatggtttgttttccatctctcttgcatttgtgattttcttttttacctgtgctaatgagtagggcgcattgttgattctctgactcaggaacgagaaaaaccagcttttacttggaataagacgtgccagtcggccacagactgtgatgccttcctctgttctttcaagcgatagcatgcacataggtctccttgcagcagcagctcatgctgctgctacaaacagccgtttcactattttctacaacccccggtaagttggacttttaaattagtatatatgcattgttgtttttcctccccatgtacaccgttaatagaaagagtgtttgtagggcaagtccatcagaatttgtcataccactgtcaaaatacatcaaggctgtttttcacacccggatatcggttgggatgcggttcaggatgttgtttgagactgaggaatcaagcgttcgcaggtgacctagcaaatgtcaatgctcagtccttattctataatctaggccaaatatataaatgatggtactttttttagataatacttggttacctagcaccaggagatcctatacatgtttgtaggatgtatgtgactatgccagtggctgaaattgccattatctgtactttttatgctttcacgcgttgatgttcttgaaaaatctgcgcatctgtcaggacatcaccccattatttatgggaattttataattgggcctctataaaaatccataatatactaatgcgcccaatgcacactttaatgaaacacaggtatatggggactataactgaagttagtgatgcagacccagtccgttggcctagttcctattggagatctgtgaaggtaatttttatattacttgaggttgttctaaagagctgtgggggtttaaacgtgatttgtgttgtctttcctgattatcttcatcttctttagttgcattttcttatgatctgtacctctggttttcattataacaatcatggaactgccttcagatgttattgcactagtgcttgcttccacagttccactaactagtgtgatattttcaggttggttgggatgaatcaactgcaggggaaagaccaccaagagtttctttatgggaaattgaaccattgacaacctttccaatgtatccatctctgttcccactgagagttaagcatccttggtattcaggagttgcttccctgcatggtacgcttaagattcttgttactgtgtgtcaggcataaactagttttgaagctattttgctgtatgcttgctatgtgtgtgcgcctatcatgtggaagtttatttggtgcatttacatagtgttttagccatcacactcaaattactgaagccacagccttaataaatttctgaacctgccacatcaaccagctgatgattctaactaaaataacctgaagttgagattgtggtgcaagagcaagaggctatagttcaagtcagtgttctctactgtgaacaatatgcctcaaatgatggttctggatacagagattgatcagggaactttataaaatgctcatataggctaaaagtaaaacaagttatggtgtaagtgaaaagttgatctcttccttccatttcttaagcacccaaggtggatcaatgttatttgataaggctcttccgtagcaaatgtaacgttctataatatgcattctttttattcattgtctttctgtgcattcttgttatggagaatgcattgatctgcctgacataattccattttctagtatctctcattcatatttctgttcttttattaactgctgtatcacacttaagatgacagcaatgctttaatgtggctgagaggagttgctggtgagggaggttttcagtctctgaactttcagtcacctggtattggctcctggggacaacagaggctccatccatccttactgagcagcgatcacgatcagtaccaagcagtagttgctgctgctgctgcttcccaatctggtggttacttaaaacagcaattcttgcaccttcagcaacctatgcagtcccctcaagaacactgcaacctcaacccattattgcagcaacaaattctgcagcaagcaagccagcaacagataattaatcctgatgcccaaaatatccaaacgatgttgagcccaagtgctatacaacagcaactccagcaactacagcaaatgcagcaagttcagaatgatcagaagcagaagattcaaccagatcaaagctaccaagttcctacaagtgcagttctcccaagtccaacatcattaccgagtcatttgcgagaaaaatttggcttctctgatcctaatgcgaattcttcaagcttcatcacctctagcagtagtgataacatgttggattcgagcttccttcagggaagttcgaaagctgtggacttatctcgatttaatcagcctgtagctagtgagcagcagcagcagcagcaacaggcatggaagcagaagtttatgggttcacagtcagtgtcttttgggggctcggttttgcataactcacccacaagcaaagatggttctgttgaaaacaaaattggtcgtgatgtgcaaaaccagtccctttttagtccacaagttgactcttcatccctcctgtacaacatggttcctaatctgacttcgaatgtttcggatggcaacttatcaacgatcccttctggatcaacttatctgcagaatgcaatgtatggttgcttggacgactcttctggtttattgcaaaatacaggagagaacgatccagcaaccagaacatttgtgaaggtaactagtataatttgcattgttgctaggtcaaatatgagctcctctttttcctccaaaaaatatatattcttcttttcatggaaccattgtaaaattgcaggtttacaagtcaggttcggttgggaggtcgttggacataacccggttctctaattatgctgaacttcgagaagaactgggtcagatgttcggcattaagggtcaattggacgaccctgatagatcaggctggcagcttgtattcgtcgacagggagaatgatgtgcttctccttggagacgacccttgggagtaagaaatattctcagaattctgatttatttattagttttagtaatcaatatccatgcatgcgcactacaaattcaagttttagtaagcaatataaatttaagtttcatcttaccgttctatgatttggttgcaaaaaaatctgcttaaattttagtactacacttggcataccctgtccatgtgtgcacactacaaactgaatctcttaattgatgttggcctcaaaacggccaagttaacatgctaagtaaaaatttcaaatctacatcaggcattgtaacttcattgtatatctaaataatttaaagatattaaacgtgcctaagatcaacaaaatttggcttgactagcaagtgcaaaagtggctgtcttatacttcctccgtttcataatgtaagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatagatgttaatgaatctagaaatatatgtgtgtctagattcattaacatctatatgaatgtgagcaatgctaaaaagtcttacattatgaaacggagggagtacaatactttggtttcctggtttccacaactaatagcttatcgaggaaaggtatgtacaatgtgaatggatatcccttcttcattcactgaaagacatgttgacagctcatggacagtatctaatgaatatgtttaaaagtactagtgttatatggagtatatttttgcaatgttcggtgcctaattgtgatctcaaacagaattcatgtgcattcagtcatacatctttaatgtgtattaatatgttaaatttttttactagactgttcttccttcaataatatgtgttggtcagtcactatatgttgatgctcagttacccaagacccttcgtgagagtaaacatcagacatgattcttcttgaaactgaccttcctcatatgatgtaggtcctttgtgaatagtgtatggtacatcaagatactttcacctgaggatgtgcataagatgggaaagcaaggaaatgatccacggtatctgtcctgaagtgagagaacatggtgccatttctggtaagatgtcataattatatttattgtaacgattaccaaatcccacactaatccttaaaaacctatgactggatagagatgttcttttctgagtaaatctgttatcatgttgtgtacttcgatagttgttgacatattggcatcatgtgttttttgtcccttattgaatgtaaaatggtctcattgtgcgggttgaagaatgtctgtttgctctaatttttattgctcggaataactcacatcttaattgacgactcaaatttaatttagagtctttttatgcatattcatctctgcatactaacatgtcctggtatactatcacagggcttccaggaggattctgcagtgcatggtggcactcttgctctcgacaatgcacgtcgtcagaagtcccaaatttgtatcttgcatgtacgccgtacatgtttccagaactctctgttacctattcggtgcaggccaccggaaccacgaaacctgatattttgtaggttccacttaggaatcagtatcggtttaactcttatcctagatgatttgtaactcgcacggcagtccactgttttcatgtttcatcgagtcttcctagacattaaacttagttgatattgtatcaggatttatgtgtattgagattcctctacatgctttcaaccaaaaaaaactgcaataatcgaagcgcacgaggattgtttcaattcgtgttgtaggatctggattttcaccgattgtccggttatgtcagtttcgagaggagctgtcaatctg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060757.1 RefSeq:Os04g0671900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 4]]
[[Category:Chromosome 4]]

File:Fig1.jpg

2014-05-25T16:36:13Z

ChenYusheng: uploaded a new version of "File:Fig1.jpg": Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants.

File:Fig1.jpg

2014-05-25T16:32:58Z

ChenYusheng: uploaded a new version of "File:Fig1.jpg": Fig. 1 Identification of OsARF mutants. (a) Phenotypic characterization of WT and mutants; normal nutritional solution. From left to right: the 7-d-old seedlings of Nipponbare (NIP), osarf12-Tos17 (

File:Fig1.jpg

2014-05-25T16:30:20Z

ChenYusheng: uploaded a new version of "File:Fig1.jpg": Fig. 1 (a) Phenotypic characterization of WT and mutants; normal nutritional solution. From left to right: the 7-d-old seedlings of Nipponbare (NIP), osarf12-Tos17 (osarf12T), DongJin (DJ), osarf12-