http://192.168.164.12:81/ricewiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=ChiboneRiceWiki - User contributions [en]2026-08-27T11:28:11ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.30.0https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os11g0523800&diff=167191Os11g05238002013-08-01T07:40:12Z<p>Chibone: /* Function */</p>
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<div>The rice ''Os11g0523800'' was reported as '''''OsARF1''''' in 2002 and 2008 by researchers from Japan and Egypt respectively<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
[[File:OsARF1.jpg|right|thumb|280px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Mutant VS. WT(from reference) <ref name="ref2" />.'']]<br />
[[File:OsARF2.jpg|right|thumb|280px|'''Figure 2.''' ''Transcript abundance of OsARF1 in wild type rice from <ref name="ref2" />.'']]<br />
[[File:OsARF3.jpg|right|thumb|280px|'''Figure 3.''' Auxin concentration dependence of ''OsARF1'' expression.<ref name="ref1" />.'']]<br />
===Function===<br />
'''''OsARF1''''' is the first full-length member of auxin response factor (ARF) gene family to be cloned from monocot plant<ref name="ref1" />. It was shown to be essential for developmental growth stages of the life cycle of rice. The knock down of '''''OsARF1''''' turned off some key switches for transformation from vegetative stage to the reproductive stage<ref name="ref2" />. As an early response gene in auxin signaling, '''''OsARF1''''' could be associated with embryogenesis and may play a key role in fertility and regulate quite a few downstream genes associated with growth and reproduction<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. Further elucidation of the downstream targets of '''''Os-ARF1''''' will help to understand the regulation of plant growth by auxin-mediated gene expression<ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0003677, GO:0005634, GO:0006445, GO:0009725, GO:0045449, GO:0046983<br />
<br />
===Wild Type VS. Mutant===<br />
An antisense '''''OsARF1''''' recombinant plasmid was transformed into rice embryogenic calli through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation by ''Attia et al'' and they found that the growth of transgenic rice was inhibited<ref name="ref2" />.<br />
* The '''''AS-OsARF1''''' transformed plants showed significantly lower growth and vigor that included smaller leaves and shorter heights, compared to nontransformed plants. Interestingly, the length of the tillering node didn’t change significantly in transgenic plants (Figure 1). Also, the leaves curled across the width<ref name="ref2" />. <br><br><br />
* Eight of 11 transgenic plants failed to head and the remaining three were sterile, although they were able to develop to the heading stage 13–15 days later than the non-transformed plants. Hence, no F2 progeny was obtained<ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
* RT-PCR Analyses by ''Attia et al.'' showed that '''''OsARF1''''' was transcript accumulated in callus and young panicle at much higher amount than in leaf and root(Figure 2). This indicates that '''''OsARF1''''' may be associated with embryogenesis, because of the higher transcript abundance in young panicles and calli, which both are embryonic tissues<ref name="ref2" />.(1.embryogenic callus; 2. differentiating callus; 3. young panicles; 4. leaves;5. roots. Lower lanes: Actin mRNAas a control.)<br><br><br />
* The study by ''Frank Waller et al.'' showed that '''''OsARF1''''' mRNA levels are rapidly induced by auxin<ref name="ref1" />. They extracted total RNA from coleoptile segments which had been incubated in different auxin concentrations after depletion of internal auxin. Then they measured the abundance of '''''OsARF1''''' mRNA in northern blot experiments and found that the highest level of '''''OsARF1 '''''transcript was detected after incubation with either 1 or 3 μM auxin, whereas incubation in 100 μM auxin produced low '''''OsARF1''''' transcript levels<ref name="ref1" />. '''''OsARF1''''' mRNA steady-state levels therefore follow an optimum curve with a maximum of between 1 and 3 μM auxin<ref name="ref1" />.<br><br><br />
* Microarray analysis of the transgenic plants by ''Attia et al.'' showed that 435 genes were differently expressed, 255 of them were down regulated and 180 were up regulated. The annotated genes were located in 9 sub-categories of molecular functions in gene ontology. Most of the differently expressed genes were categorized among those encoding proteins with catalytic activity<ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
===Localization===<br />
The study by ''Frank Waller et al.'' showed that '''''OsARF1''''' was localized to the nucleus in vivo<ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
===Knowledge Extension===<br />
[[File:OsARF4.jpg|left|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4.''' ''The modular structure of the OsARF family.(from reference) <ref name="ref3" />.'']]<br />
* Auxin signaling plays a vital role in plant growth and development processes like, in apical dominance, tropic responses, lateral root formation, vascular differentiation, embryo patterning and shoot elongation<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" /><ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />. The auxin response factor (ARF) and auxin/indole acetic acid (Aux/IAA) protein families are required for transcriptional regulation of auxin response genes, and they are very important in auxin signalling and plant development<ref name="ref3" />.<br><br><br />
* An ARF protein contains a DNA-binding domain (DBD) in the N-terminal region, a middle region that functions as an activation domain (AD) or repression domain (RD), and a carboxyl-terminal dimerization domain (CTD) that are similar to those found in the C terminus of Aux/IAAs, which is a protein-protein interaction domain that mediates the homo- and heterodimerization of ARFs and also the hetero-dimerization of ARF and Aux/IAA proteins (Figure 4).<ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" /> <br><br><br />
* The ARF proteins are encoded by a large gene family, with 23, 25 and 31 members in Arabidopsis, Rice and Maize respectively. Genetic divergence between Arabidopsis and rice ARF gene family investigated by genome-wide analysis revealed that most of the rice '''''OsARFs''''' and maize '''''ZmARFs''''' are related to Arabidopsis ARFs and fall into sister pairs as in Arabidopsis<ref name="ref4" />.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
* Institut für Biologie II, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg<br />
* Hitachi Advanced Research Laboratory, Hatoyama, Saitama 350-0395<br />
* Present address: Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan<br />
* Rice Biotechnology Lab., Rice Research & Training Center, Sakha, Kafr EL-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt<br />
* Institute of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China<br />
* Plant Biotechnology and Genomics Core-Facility, Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems,Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901–4415, USA<br />
* Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt<br />
* Faculty of Agriculture Research Park (FARP) and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University,12613 Giza, Egypt<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
* <ref name="ref1"><br />
Waller F, Furuya M, Nick P. OsARF1, an auxin response factor from rice, is auxin-regulated and classifies as a primary auxin responsive gene[J]. Plant molecular biology, 2002, 50(3): 415-425.<br />
</ref><br />
* <ref name="ref2"><br />
Attia K A, Abdelkhalik A F, Ammar M H, et al. Antisense phenotypes reveal a functional expression of OsARF1, an auxin response factor, in transgenic rice[J]. Current issues in molecular biology, 2009, 11(1): I29.<br />
</ref><br />
* <ref name="ref3"><br />
Shen C J, Wang S K, Bai Y H, et al. Functional analysis of the structural domain of ARF proteins in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Journal of experimental botany, 2010, 61(14): 3971-3981.<br />
</ref><br />
* <ref name="ref4"><br />
Xing H, Pudake R, Guo G, et al. Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of auxin response factor (ARF) gene family in maize[J]. BMC genomics, 2011, 12(1): 178.<br />
</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os11g0523800|<br />
Description = Transcriptional factor B3 family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001074520.1 GI:115485688 GeneID:4350610|<br />
Length = 6288 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os11g0523800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 11|Chromosome 11]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 11:20763199..20769486|<br />
CDS = 20763767..20763950,20764042..20764232,20764784..20765727,20765806..20765977,20766055..20766130<br>,20766221..20766340,20766518..20766682,20766771..20766861,20767396..20767480<br>,20767596..20767766,20767874..20767930,20768013..20768108,20768946..20769085<br>,20769187..20769253|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008404:20763199..20769486<br />
source=RiceChromosome11<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008404:20763199..20769486<br />
source=RiceChromosome11<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcgacggcggaggtcggcggcggcggcggtgagggggatgctgctgccgcggcggtggcgcgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggaggaggggaggacgcgctgttcacggagctgtggagcgcgtgcgcggggccgctggtgacggtgccgagggttggggagaaggtgttctacttcccgcaggggcacatcgagcaggtggaggcctcgaccaaccaggtaggcgagcagcggatgcagttgtacaatctcccatggaagatcctgtgtgaggttatgaacgttgagctgaaggccgagccagacaccgacgaggtttatgctcagctcactctgcttcctgaatcgaagcaacaagaagataacggctctactgaggaggaggtgccttctgctccagcagctgggcatgttaggccacgggtgcactcattctgcaagacattgaccgcctcggacacgagcacacatggcggcttctcggtgctgcgacgccacgcggacgaatgcctcccaccactggatatgagccgtcagcctccaacacaagagctggtggccaaggatctgcacggtgtggaatggcgctttcgtcacatattcagaggtcaaccacgaagacaccttttgcagagtggctggagtgtgtttgttagtgccaaacggcttgttgctggggatgcctttatctttctcagaggtgagaacggggaactgcgtgttggagtcaggcgtgcaatgaggcagcaaactaatgttccatcttcagtgatatcaagccacagcatgcatcttggggttcttgccacagcatggcatgctgttaacacagggaccatgttcactgtctactacaagcctaggacaagtccagccgagtttgtggtcccttacgatcgctatatggaatcactgaaacaaaattactccattgggatgagatttaagatgaggtttgaaggtgaagaggctccagagcaaagattcactgggactattgtcggaatgggggattctgatccagctggctggcctgaatcaaaatggcgctcccttaaggtgagatgggatgaagcttcttccatacctcgccctgaaagagtttctccctggcaaatagaacctgctgtaagccctcctcctgtcaacccactaccagttccaagaaccaagaggcttcgtccgaatgctaccgctttgccggctgactcttctgctatagcaaaagaagctgctacgaaagttgtggtcgagtctgaaccaaatggtacgcaaaggaccttccagacacaagagaatgcaaccccaaaaagtggtttcggcaatagcagcgagttagaaagtgctcagaaatcaatcatgcgtccatctggatttgatcgtgagaaaaataacactcccatacagtggaagctaggttcagatggtcggatgcagatgagcaagcctgagagttacagtgagatgctatctggatttcagccacctaaagatgtacaaatcccacagggtttctgttctttacctgagcagattactgcaggccattctaacttctggcacacagtaaatgctcagtatcaagatcaacagagcaatcacaatatgttccccagctcatggtccttcatgcctccaaatactcgccttggattaaacaaacagaactattcaatgattcaggaagctggtgtgttgtctcaaaggcctggaaatacaaagtttgggaatggagtttatgctgcactgccaggccgaggtactgagcaatactcagggggttggtttggccatatgatgccaaattcccacatggatgatacacagccacgcctgatcaagcctaaacctctggttgttgcccatggtgatgttcagaaagctaaaggtgcttcatgcaaactatttggaattcaccttgacagcccagcgaaatctgaacctttgaaatctccatcaagtgttgtatatgatgggacgccacaaacaccaggtgctactgaatggcgccgaccagatgtaactgaagtagagaaatgttctgatccttctaaggccatgaagccacttgatactccgcaaccagactctgttcctgagaagccttcttctcagcaagcttcacgaaacatgtcgtgcaaatcacaaggtgtatcaactagaagctgcaagaaggtccacaagcaaggcattgcacttggcaggtctgtggaccttacaaagtttaatggctatgaagagttgattgctgagctggatgacatgtttgatttcaatggtgaactgaagggtcctaagaaggagtggatggttgtctacactgacaacgaaggtgacatgatgctagttggggatgatccctggattgaattctgcgacatggttcacaagatcttcatctacacaagagaagaggttcagcggatgaatccgggaaccctgaactcaagatcagaagatagtcatgctaattcaatggaaaggggctcagtcggcagagaaatgcgaggctgcttgtcaacctcgtctcttaattctgagaactgctaa</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MATAEVGGGGGEGDAAAAAVARGGGGGGGGGGGEDALFTELWSA CAGPLVTVPRVGEKVFYFPQGHIEQVEASTNQVGEQRMQLYNLPWKILCEVMNVELKA EPDTDEVYAQLTLLPESKQQEDNGSTEEEVPSAPAAGHVRPRVHSFCKTLTASDTSTH GGFSVLRRHADECLPPLDMSRQPPTQELVAKDLHGVEWRFRHIFRGQPRRHLLQSGWS VFVSAKRLVAGDAFIFLRGENGELRVGVRRAMRQQTNVPSSVISSHSMHLGVLATAWH AVNTGTMFTVYYKPRTSPAEFVVPYDRYMESLKQNYSIGMRFKMRFEGEEAPEQRFTG TIVGMGDSDPAGWPESKWRSLKVRWDEASSIPRPERVSPWQIEPAVSPPPVNPLPVPR TKRLRPNATALPADSSAIAKEAATKVVVESEPNGTQRTFQTQENATPKSGFGNSSELE SAQKSIMRPSGFDREKNNTPIQWKLGSDGRMQMSKPESYSEMLSGFQPPKDVQIPQGF CSLPEQITAGHSNFWHTVNAQYQDQQSNHNMFPSSWSFMPPNTRLGLNKQNYSMIQEA GVLSQRPGNTKFGNGVYAALPGRGTEQYSGGWFGHMMPNSHMDDTQPRLIKPKPLVVA HGDVQKAKGASCKLFGIHLDSPAKSEPLKSPSSVVYDGTPQTPGATEWRRPDVTEVEK CSDPSKAMKPLDTPQPDSVPEKPSSQQASRNMSCKSQGVSTRSCKKVHKQGIALGRSV DLTKFNGYEELIAELDDMFDFNGELKGPKKEWMVVYTDNEGDMMLVGDDPWIEFCDMV HKIFIYTREEVQRMNPGTLNSRSEDSHANSMERGSVGREMRGCLSTSSLNSENC</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>5537..5720#5255..5445#3760..4703#3510..3681#3357..3432#3147..3266#2805..2969#2626..2716#2007..2091#1721..1891#1557..1613#1379..1474#402..541#234..300#gttttttttttcttcttttttctcgcttaaattcacccagtaaaaaaaaaatttaaaacaaaagagaggagaggagaggaagaagaggaggtggtggaggaggaggaggagaagctgcttgtgctgctgctgcgaatcggaggggaattcgagggggcggggggcgcgaatccggcgggggaattcgcgcgattcgggcgtggccgcgggggatgtgaagatctggtggggtgatggcgacggcggaggtcggcggcggcggcggtgagggggatgctgctgccgcggcggtggcgcgaggtgagctcctctcggtggtgggtgggcgtgtgtgggtttgcgcgtgggttttttgtgggctggcttgtgatgccggcttttgggctttgggcttgcagcaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggaggaggggaggacgcgctgttcacggagctgtggagcgcgtgcgcggggccgctggtgacggtgccgagggttggggagaaggtgttctacttcccgcaggggcacatcgagcaggtgagtccgagtccgagctcgaggtcgagcagagcgcgcgccgcccaattcgggcgcggggtggtggcggtggcggcggccgcctttctcgcctctccgcgattccccgctttttattagagagtttattagttccatttcgatttctcttcctggtccttttccgccgtttgattttgagagtttttttggttttcaactctcttttctctctcttcgtgtttctgttgatccgagtggcgtcttcgggtttgagctgttttgaagccactcgttttttttcttcttgacttgttcaaatgcttgaggttttggtgtttatgcgtcctagcggcgatgggaatcttttaagataaattttggggggaatttgtctgtgccgttggcgaatttcgctttcttgagtttgtgtcgtggaattttggcgggttttgagcatttttggtgatgcggttttggggtttacgttttgcctctctaaaattcgaagttttttccaagttttttcggttatactgtatgcaattctctggttcgaactaagtttccgagttgtcgcagttgctgagtgtgagattggaactatttgaatggggaattctgtagtttttgtgccggatcgcttcgcctatgagtcgaattcggcttcttggttgccaaaattcggaattctgtgttttacttcgcaaaagaaaaaaaaactggggattttcgtgcttggtactgaactagtgataatttgttcttcctgcattcttgcaaatgtattttttttcttggctggaatcagtgtttcggtggctgattttggaattctttgcctctgtccattttcaggtggaggcctcgaccaaccaggtaggcgagcagcggatgcagttgtacaatctcccatggaagatcctgtgtgaggttatgaacgttgagctgaaggtacttgctttgtgtttcttgtgaattctgagagctttcattcttggttgtatgtgtggttgacatatagctctgtttgtaggccgagccagacaccgacgaggtttatgctcagctcactctgcttcctgaatcgaaggtaaaaaaaaaaatgtctccagtttgcacgctgtcactgcttcatacattccgggatagaagttttgagcgttttgaaaggaaaaaaaatgttggtctgttgtgtagcaacaagaagataacggctctactgaggaggaggtgccttctgctccagcagctgggcatgttaggccacgggtgcactcattctgcaagacattgaccgcctcggacacgagcacacatggcggcttctcggtgctgcgacgccacgcggacgaatgcctcccaccactggttcgtcccactggttctttgacttgatgttgttttcagtgatgtacttgtagtcctaggtcttactaggatgcttgagttgtagtgatgatctttgctttggcttcttgatcaggatatgagccgtcagcctccaacacaagagctggtggccaaggatctgcacggtgtggaatggcgctttcgtcacatattcagaggtgatcactcttccaacatcgtacttatttctctattttctgaaggacgtgtgatgctcactgctctttgctaatgaacacaagtttccatgatatcatgactaggagacatctttacactgctcttgggttgatcgtatagtgtaagaacagttcttgcatttgactaaccccttcatttataatattggtattaaatgcacttttttggtacgatgcctatcccgtattatcttgatggctttattagagggaccagtttgtgcttcccacaatttcttgtgcatttttgttctttgcatgggcctacacttgatggagtatggataactacaacttttgttggttgatgctgcagtggtcgtgctctagtttcttaggacaagtagtttatgctttcatatgcccttgtgatgtaagagttgtgctaattgattatgttgtcctgcccgagtttcgattgcacctaggttagaaggaagttaattttttgcttcaactcttcttgagctatatctttttgatcaacatcaggtcaaccacgaagacaccttttgcagagtggctggagtgtgtttgttagtgccaaacggcttgttgctggggatgcctttatctttctcaggtttgataatttgacacagtgtttgctttgtctacctgtgctttcccctgtactgcttaataaatatccccctatatgatctgcacagaggtgagaacggggaactgcgtgttggagtcaggcgtgcaatgaggcagcaaactaatgttccatcttcagtgatatcaagccacagcatgcatcttggggttcttgccacagcatggcatgctgttaacacagggaccatgttcactgtctactacaagcctaggtttgttgtgaagtttttctggattttatgcacatgattttatttatgcactttgggagcattgtctgtttacttgtcacctgaattctgaactgatcttgctatgtgatagaattaaatttgtccgattgtgctagcacttaaacgctatcgctgaaatcttctatttttcatcaggacaagtccagccgagtttgtggtcccttacgatcgctatatggaatcactgaaacaaaattactccattgggatgagatttaagatgaggtttgaaggtgaagaggctccagagcaaaggtagcacttagatggatatgcattctacttttgacaggtgattcctctgtatctgaatcaaccgattaatctttaatgctcatgcattagattcactgggactattgtcggaatgggggattctgatccagctggctggcctgaatcaaaatggcgctcccttaaggtttatttctttcgccactttccatttaaataacatttattttctgagaatttcttacagatttttgtgttacttaggtgagatgggatgaagcttcttccatacctcgccctgaaagagtttctccctggcaaatagaacctgctgtaagccctcctcctgtcaacccactaccagttccaagaaccaagaggcttcgtccgaatgctaccgctttgccggctgactcttctgctatagcaaaagaaggtcagaccttgtcatcaatatgaaatctacagtatagcttcgttgtctttactaatgcacgtcttttcttcaatctagctgctacgaaagttgtggtcgagtctgaaccaaatggtacgcaaaggaccttccagacacaagagaatgcaaccccaaaaagtggtttcggcaatagcagcgagttagaaagtgctcagaaatcaatcatgcgtccatctggatttgatcgtgagaaaaataacactcccatacagtggaagctaggttcagatggtcggatgcagatgagcaagcctgagagttacagtgagatgctatctggatttcagccacctaaagatgtacaaatcccacagggtttctgttctttacctgagcagattactgcaggccattctaacttctggcacacagtaaatgctcagtatcaagatcaacagagcaatcacaatatgttccccagctcatggtccttcatgcctccaaatactcgccttggattaaacaaacagaactattcaatgattcaggaagctggtgtgttgtctcaaaggcctggaaatacaaagtttgggaatggagtttatgctgcactgccaggccgaggtactgagcaatactcagggggttggtttggccatatgatgccaaattcccacatggatgatacacagccacgcctgatcaagcctaaacctctggttgttgcccatggtgatgttcagaaagctaaaggtgcttcatgcaaactatttggaattcaccttgacagcccagcgaaatctgaacctttgaaatctccatcaagtgttgtatatgatgggacgccacaaacaccaggtgctactgaatggcgccgaccagatgtaactgaagtagagaaatgttctgatccttctaaggccatgaagccacttgatactccgcaaccagactctgttcctgagaagccttcttctcagcaagcttcacgaaacatgtcgtgcaaatcacaaggtgtatcaactagaagctgcaagaaggtaccactttcttgttattattgcacttatcacctctttgcaatctccaagttcttccttgtgaatgattttaaataattctccaacaagttttcctcccctcctagatatgcccaataagattaattttggagcacctttggatatacttcctccgtttcatattataagactttctagcattgcccacattcatatatatatatatgttaataaatctagacatatatgtgtgcctatattctttaacatctatatgaatgtaggcaatgctagaaagtcttataacctgaaacggaggtagtattatatttcaaaggtccaaatgtacaaacttgctcagtatttttttttgccaaagttaatatagctcaactcattctctaatctctcctatagatgcataatcaaacccttgtttcttacatataatctttccttcggaagcatgtttggcactacttataccatcctcaagtgctcagcttaattattttttctagattttccctgttttccaacatgatggttgataaactatacatttccaggtccacaagcaaggcattgcacttggcaggtctgtggaccttacaaagtttaatggctatgaagagttgattgctgagctggatgacatgtttgatttcaatggtgaactgaagggtcctaagaaggagtggatggttgtctacactgacaacgaaggtgacatgatgctagttggggatgatccctggatgtgagttaactcataaatgctttcctcattcgctgatctgatttaatgacatcacaaatgctgactgcatcggacaatcattcttgaacagtgaattctgcgacatggttcacaagatcttcatctacacaagagaagaggttcagcggatgaatccgggaaccctgaactcaagatcagaagatagtcatgctaattcaatggaaaggggctcagtcggcagagaaatgcgaggctgcttgtcaacctcgtctcttaattctgagaactgctaatgctttcccatctggtaacgtgagtagtggcatttcacctttcttcactataactagtaaagtataaacggcctccggtgctcatctttgttccatcatcttgctttctggcaggtcttttgaagtaacatgggagacaagaacgcgatgcatcgttataagaaaatgcatttcgtagtggagttaatgctttttttccccctttgatgtattggataagctcaaagtaccctatttgtagatggtgcttgtccttggtggtcaagttgcactcttatttgctgcagttttggttttctattttggtgaggtaagttgtcagccgccagtcctaccatataaatgttggtatgcgtagaaaagtaagctcagccctcccaccctgcacttcctctctctcagcactaagctgccacctccttgtaaatagcccctgtttaattgagtctaatatattatctaccttaactgacattcctttgtttcatcttgctaaattatagcagtagcctggtaagattattgtagcccaaattaacatgtgatctgagattttatttttgctttc</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001074520.1 RefSeq:Os11g0523800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 11]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 11]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=167190Os01g08838002013-08-01T07:31:38Z<p>Chibone: /* Knowledge Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' gene is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen (DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2). SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
'Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen' (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
It has been found that introgression of a chromosomal block containing the SD1 allele from tropical japonica is associated with a change in growth patterns in BHA1 (one weedy rice population) <ref name="ref7" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! | Primer<br />
! | Forward primer<br />
! | Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| | 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| | 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3' (used to amplify exon 1 <ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| | 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| | 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3' (used to amplify exon 2 <ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| | 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| | 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3' (used to amplify exon 3 <ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| | 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| | 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3' <ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| | 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| | 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3' <ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea (50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
<br />
[[File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG|right|thumb|500px|''Gibberellin signalling pathway (from reference <ref name="ref4" />).'']]<br />
<br />
Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref5" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref4" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’) <ref name="ref5" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as ''sd1'' in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Reagon M, Thurber CS, Olsen KM, Jia Y, Caicedo AL (2011) The long and the short of it: SD1 polymorphism and the evolution of growth trait divergence in U.S. weedy rice. Mol Ecol 20: 3743-3756.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail&diff=150029Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail2012-07-23T17:49:32Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quantity</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 943 | 4853 | 2761 | 25 | 194 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 529 | 192 | 42 | 8122 | 17 | 1723 | 24 | 21<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 6523 | 638 | 2668<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4043 | 1071 | 585 | 180 | 240 | 3675 | 1973 | 5470 | 17 | 68 | 1950 | 306 | 646<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 3984 | 17 | 2428 | 5114 | 2278 | 2800 | 60 | 1360 | 5777 | 4092 | 68 | 7604 | 6969 | 376 | 6991 | 6555 | 109 | 174<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 25 | 1939 | 75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 90 | 5992 | 6388 | 52 | 24 | 52 | 25 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 552 | 72 | 2 | 524 | 174 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QualityDetail&diff=150030Os01g0883800/QualityDetail2012-07-23T17:49:32Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quality</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.05 | 0.77 | 1 | 0.89 | -0.83 | -0.9<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.49 | 0.91 | 0.6<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.14 | -0.54 | -0.15 | 0.01 | -0.15 | 0.79 | -0.19 | 0.17 | 0.16 | -0.12 | 0.95 | -1 | -0.75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.04 | 0.13 | -0.08 | -0.02 | -0.09 | 0.05 | -0.01 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.29 | -0.1 | 0.18 | 0.54 | -0.76 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | 0.37 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.55 | -0.86 | 0.7 | -0.17 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -0.5 | -1 | -1 | -0.43 | -1 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/TimeDetail&diff=150031Os01g0883800/TimeDetail2012-07-23T17:49:32Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Time</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-24 01:03:30 | 2012-07-24 01:09:53 | 2012-07-24 01:16:58 | 2012-07-24 01:35:36 | 2012-07-24 01:40:31 | 2012-07-24 01:47:48<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-18 00:05:22 | 2012-07-18 00:12:43 | 2012-07-18 00:28:19 | 2012-07-18 01:52:09 | 2012-07-18 01:56:42 | 2012-07-18 02:06:52 | 2012-07-18 02:10:05 | 2012-07-18 02:14:45<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 21:25:12 | 2012-07-15 19:39:58 | 2012-07-15 20:25:12<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:02:20 | 2012-07-06 20:12:16 | 2012-07-06 20:16:00 | 2012-07-06 20:19:26 | 2012-07-06 20:24:50 | 2012-07-06 20:41:03 | 2012-07-13 06:03:25 | 2012-07-13 06:52:26 | 2012-07-13 06:58:33 | 2012-07-13 07:01:13 | 2012-07-15 04:58:39 | 2012-07-15 20:57:35 | 2012-07-15 21:05:27<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 18:52:58 | 2012-07-12 18:54:16 | 2012-07-12 18:56:29 | 2012-07-12 19:16:57 | 2012-07-12 19:24:50 | 2012-07-12 19:28:53 | 2012-07-12 19:36:54 | 2012-07-12 20:07:34 | 2012-07-12 20:36:30 | 2012-07-12 20:54:41 | 2012-07-12 23:36:21 | 2012-07-13 00:40:38 | 2012-07-13 01:02:33 | 2012-07-13 17:39:55 | 2012-07-14 01:09:09 | 2012-07-14 01:25:38 | 2012-07-14 01:27:34 | 2012-07-19 00:13:25<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-08 23:02:25 | 2012-07-09 02:52:45 | 2012-07-15 03:46:31<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-19 01:34:32<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:09:27 | 2012-07-07 19:48:44 | 2012-07-07 19:52:41 | 2012-07-07 19:59:19 | 2012-07-07 20:02:51 | 2012-07-07 20:19:50 | 2012-07-07 20:26:03 | 2012-07-16 20:40:04<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 22:08:24 | 2012-07-12 22:10:12 | 2012-07-12 22:17:49 | 2012-07-12 22:42:30 | 2012-07-17 23:38:40 | 2012-07-18 00:18:15<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=150025Os01g08838002012-07-23T17:47:48Z<p>Chibone: /* Knowledge Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
<br />
[[File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG|right|thumb|150px|''Gibberellin signalling pathway (from reference <ref name="ref4" />).'']]<br />
<br />
Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref5" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref4" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref5" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail&diff=150016Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail2012-07-23T17:42:11Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quantity</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 943 | 4853 | 2761 | 25 | 194<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 529 | 192 | 42 | 8122 | 17 | 1723 | 24 | 21<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 6523 | 638 | 2668<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4043 | 1071 | 585 | 180 | 240 | 3675 | 1973 | 5470 | 17 | 68 | 1950 | 306 | 646<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 3984 | 17 | 2428 | 5114 | 2278 | 2800 | 60 | 1360 | 5777 | 4092 | 68 | 7604 | 6969 | 376 | 6991 | 6555 | 109 | 174<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 25 | 1939 | 75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 90 | 5992 | 6388 | 52 | 24 | 52 | 25 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 552 | 72 | 2 | 524 | 174 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QualityDetail&diff=150017Os01g0883800/QualityDetail2012-07-23T17:42:11Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quality</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.05 | 0.77 | 1 | 0.89 | -0.83 | -0.9<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.49 | 0.91 | 0.6<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.14 | -0.54 | -0.15 | 0.01 | -0.15 | 0.79 | -0.19 | 0.17 | 0.16 | -0.12 | 0.95 | -1 | -0.75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.04 | 0.13 | -0.08 | -0.02 | -0.09 | 0.05 | -0.01 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.29 | -0.1 | 0.18 | 0.54 | -0.76 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | 0.37 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.55 | -0.86 | 0.7 | -0.17 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -0.5 | -1 | -1 | -0.43 | -1 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/TimeDetail&diff=150018Os01g0883800/TimeDetail2012-07-23T17:42:11Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Time</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-24 01:03:30 | 2012-07-24 01:09:53 | 2012-07-24 01:16:58 | 2012-07-24 01:35:36 | 2012-07-24 01:40:31<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-18 00:05:22 | 2012-07-18 00:12:43 | 2012-07-18 00:28:19 | 2012-07-18 01:52:09 | 2012-07-18 01:56:42 | 2012-07-18 02:06:52 | 2012-07-18 02:10:05 | 2012-07-18 02:14:45<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 21:25:12 | 2012-07-15 19:39:58 | 2012-07-15 20:25:12<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:02:20 | 2012-07-06 20:12:16 | 2012-07-06 20:16:00 | 2012-07-06 20:19:26 | 2012-07-06 20:24:50 | 2012-07-06 20:41:03 | 2012-07-13 06:03:25 | 2012-07-13 06:52:26 | 2012-07-13 06:58:33 | 2012-07-13 07:01:13 | 2012-07-15 04:58:39 | 2012-07-15 20:57:35 | 2012-07-15 21:05:27<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 18:52:58 | 2012-07-12 18:54:16 | 2012-07-12 18:56:29 | 2012-07-12 19:16:57 | 2012-07-12 19:24:50 | 2012-07-12 19:28:53 | 2012-07-12 19:36:54 | 2012-07-12 20:07:34 | 2012-07-12 20:36:30 | 2012-07-12 20:54:41 | 2012-07-12 23:36:21 | 2012-07-13 00:40:38 | 2012-07-13 01:02:33 | 2012-07-13 17:39:55 | 2012-07-14 01:09:09 | 2012-07-14 01:25:38 | 2012-07-14 01:27:34 | 2012-07-19 00:13:25<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-08 23:02:25 | 2012-07-09 02:52:45 | 2012-07-15 03:46:31<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-19 01:34:32<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:09:27 | 2012-07-07 19:48:44 | 2012-07-07 19:52:41 | 2012-07-07 19:59:19 | 2012-07-07 20:02:51 | 2012-07-07 20:19:50 | 2012-07-07 20:26:03 | 2012-07-16 20:40:04<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 22:08:24 | 2012-07-12 22:10:12 | 2012-07-12 22:17:49 | 2012-07-12 22:42:30 | 2012-07-17 23:38:40 | 2012-07-18 00:18:15<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=150015Os01g08838002012-07-23T17:40:31Z<p>Chibone: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
<br />
[[File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG|right|thumb|150px|''Gibberellin signalling pathway (from reference <ref name="ref4" />).'']]<br />
<br />
Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref5" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref4" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail&diff=150009Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail2012-07-23T17:37:15Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quantity</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 943 | 4853 | 2761 | 25<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 529 | 192 | 42 | 8122 | 17 | 1723 | 24 | 21<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 6523 | 638 | 2668<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4043 | 1071 | 585 | 180 | 240 | 3675 | 1973 | 5470 | 17 | 68 | 1950 | 306 | 646<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 3984 | 17 | 2428 | 5114 | 2278 | 2800 | 60 | 1360 | 5777 | 4092 | 68 | 7604 | 6969 | 376 | 6991 | 6555 | 109 | 174<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 25 | 1939 | 75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 90 | 5992 | 6388 | 52 | 24 | 52 | 25 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 552 | 72 | 2 | 524 | 174 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QualityDetail&diff=150010Os01g0883800/QualityDetail2012-07-23T17:37:15Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quality</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 1 | 1 | 1 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.05 | 0.77 | 1 | 0.89 | -0.83 | -0.9<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.49 | 0.91 | 0.6<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.14 | -0.54 | -0.15 | 0.01 | -0.15 | 0.79 | -0.19 | 0.17 | 0.16 | -0.12 | 0.95 | -1 | -0.75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.04 | 0.13 | -0.08 | -0.02 | -0.09 | 0.05 | -0.01 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.29 | -0.1 | 0.18 | 0.54 | -0.76 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | 0.37 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.55 | -0.86 | 0.7 | -0.17 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -0.5 | -1 | -1 | -0.43 | -1 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/TimeDetail&diff=150011Os01g0883800/TimeDetail2012-07-23T17:37:15Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Time</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-24 01:03:30 | 2012-07-24 01:09:53 | 2012-07-24 01:16:58 | 2012-07-24 01:35:36<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-18 00:05:22 | 2012-07-18 00:12:43 | 2012-07-18 00:28:19 | 2012-07-18 01:52:09 | 2012-07-18 01:56:42 | 2012-07-18 02:06:52 | 2012-07-18 02:10:05 | 2012-07-18 02:14:45<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 21:25:12 | 2012-07-15 19:39:58 | 2012-07-15 20:25:12<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:02:20 | 2012-07-06 20:12:16 | 2012-07-06 20:16:00 | 2012-07-06 20:19:26 | 2012-07-06 20:24:50 | 2012-07-06 20:41:03 | 2012-07-13 06:03:25 | 2012-07-13 06:52:26 | 2012-07-13 06:58:33 | 2012-07-13 07:01:13 | 2012-07-15 04:58:39 | 2012-07-15 20:57:35 | 2012-07-15 21:05:27<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 18:52:58 | 2012-07-12 18:54:16 | 2012-07-12 18:56:29 | 2012-07-12 19:16:57 | 2012-07-12 19:24:50 | 2012-07-12 19:28:53 | 2012-07-12 19:36:54 | 2012-07-12 20:07:34 | 2012-07-12 20:36:30 | 2012-07-12 20:54:41 | 2012-07-12 23:36:21 | 2012-07-13 00:40:38 | 2012-07-13 01:02:33 | 2012-07-13 17:39:55 | 2012-07-14 01:09:09 | 2012-07-14 01:25:38 | 2012-07-14 01:27:34 | 2012-07-19 00:13:25<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-08 23:02:25 | 2012-07-09 02:52:45 | 2012-07-15 03:46:31<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-19 01:34:32<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:09:27 | 2012-07-07 19:48:44 | 2012-07-07 19:52:41 | 2012-07-07 19:59:19 | 2012-07-07 20:02:51 | 2012-07-07 20:19:50 | 2012-07-07 20:26:03 | 2012-07-16 20:40:04<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 22:08:24 | 2012-07-12 22:10:12 | 2012-07-12 22:17:49 | 2012-07-12 22:42:30 | 2012-07-17 23:38:40 | 2012-07-18 00:18:15<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=150002Os01g08838002012-07-23T17:35:36Z<p>Chibone: /* Knowledge Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
<br />
[[File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG|right|thumb|150px|''Gibberellin signalling pathway (from reference <ref name="ref4" />).'']]<br />
<br />
Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref5" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref4" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail&diff=149978Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail2012-07-23T17:18:35Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quantity</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 943 | 4853 | 2761<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 529 | 192 | 42 | 8122 | 17 | 1723 | 24 | 21<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 6523 | 638 | 2668<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4043 | 1071 | 585 | 180 | 240 | 3675 | 1973 | 5470 | 17 | 68 | 1950 | 306 | 646<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 3984 | 17 | 2428 | 5114 | 2278 | 2800 | 60 | 1360 | 5777 | 4092 | 68 | 7604 | 6969 | 376 | 6991 | 6555 | 109 | 174<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 25 | 1939 | 75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 90 | 5992 | 6388 | 52 | 24 | 52 | 25 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 552 | 72 | 2 | 524 | 174 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QualityDetail&diff=149979Os01g0883800/QualityDetail2012-07-23T17:18:35Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quality</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 1 | 1 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.05 | 0.77 | 1 | 0.89 | -0.83 | -0.9<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.49 | 0.91 | 0.6<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.14 | -0.54 | -0.15 | 0.01 | -0.15 | 0.79 | -0.19 | 0.17 | 0.16 | -0.12 | 0.95 | -1 | -0.75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.04 | 0.13 | -0.08 | -0.02 | -0.09 | 0.05 | -0.01 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.29 | -0.1 | 0.18 | 0.54 | -0.76 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | 0.37 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.55 | -0.86 | 0.7 | -0.17 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -0.5 | -1 | -1 | -0.43 | -1 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/TimeDetail&diff=149980Os01g0883800/TimeDetail2012-07-23T17:18:35Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Time</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-24 01:03:30 | 2012-07-24 01:09:53 | 2012-07-24 01:16:58<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-18 00:05:22 | 2012-07-18 00:12:43 | 2012-07-18 00:28:19 | 2012-07-18 01:52:09 | 2012-07-18 01:56:42 | 2012-07-18 02:06:52 | 2012-07-18 02:10:05 | 2012-07-18 02:14:45<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 21:25:12 | 2012-07-15 19:39:58 | 2012-07-15 20:25:12<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:02:20 | 2012-07-06 20:12:16 | 2012-07-06 20:16:00 | 2012-07-06 20:19:26 | 2012-07-06 20:24:50 | 2012-07-06 20:41:03 | 2012-07-13 06:03:25 | 2012-07-13 06:52:26 | 2012-07-13 06:58:33 | 2012-07-13 07:01:13 | 2012-07-15 04:58:39 | 2012-07-15 20:57:35 | 2012-07-15 21:05:27<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 18:52:58 | 2012-07-12 18:54:16 | 2012-07-12 18:56:29 | 2012-07-12 19:16:57 | 2012-07-12 19:24:50 | 2012-07-12 19:28:53 | 2012-07-12 19:36:54 | 2012-07-12 20:07:34 | 2012-07-12 20:36:30 | 2012-07-12 20:54:41 | 2012-07-12 23:36:21 | 2012-07-13 00:40:38 | 2012-07-13 01:02:33 | 2012-07-13 17:39:55 | 2012-07-14 01:09:09 | 2012-07-14 01:25:38 | 2012-07-14 01:27:34 | 2012-07-19 00:13:25<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-08 23:02:25 | 2012-07-09 02:52:45 | 2012-07-15 03:46:31<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-19 01:34:32<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:09:27 | 2012-07-07 19:48:44 | 2012-07-07 19:52:41 | 2012-07-07 19:59:19 | 2012-07-07 20:02:51 | 2012-07-07 20:19:50 | 2012-07-07 20:26:03 | 2012-07-16 20:40:04<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 22:08:24 | 2012-07-12 22:10:12 | 2012-07-12 22:17:49 | 2012-07-12 22:42:30 | 2012-07-17 23:38:40 | 2012-07-18 00:18:15<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=149974Os01g08838002012-07-23T17:16:58Z<p>Chibone: /* Knowledge Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
[[File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG|right|thumb|150px|''Gibberellin signalling pathway (from reference <ref name="ref4" />).'']]<br />
<br />
Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref4" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail&diff=149962Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail2012-07-23T17:11:31Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quantity</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 529 | 192 | 42 | 8122 | 17 | 1723 | 24 | 21<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 943 | 4853<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 6523 | 638 | 2668<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4043 | 1071 | 585 | 180 | 240 | 3675 | 1973 | 5470 | 17 | 68 | 1950 | 306 | 646<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 3984 | 17 | 2428 | 5114 | 2278 | 2800 | 60 | 1360 | 5777 | 4092 | 68 | 7604 | 6969 | 376 | 6991 | 6555 | 109 | 174<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 25 | 1939 | 75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 90 | 5992 | 6388 | 52 | 24 | 52 | 25 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 552 | 72 | 2 | 524 | 174 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QualityDetail&diff=149963Os01g0883800/QualityDetail2012-07-23T17:11:31Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quality</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.05 | 0.77 | 1 | 0.89 | -0.83 | -0.9<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 1 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.49 | 0.91 | 0.6<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.14 | -0.54 | -0.15 | 0.01 | -0.15 | 0.79 | -0.19 | 0.17 | 0.16 | -0.12 | 0.95 | -1 | -0.75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.04 | 0.13 | -0.08 | -0.02 | -0.09 | 0.05 | -0.01 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.29 | -0.1 | 0.18 | 0.54 | -0.76 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | 0.37 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.55 | -0.86 | 0.7 | -0.17 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -0.5 | -1 | -1 | -0.43 | -1 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/TimeDetail&diff=149964Os01g0883800/TimeDetail2012-07-23T17:11:31Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Time</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-18 00:05:22 | 2012-07-18 00:12:43 | 2012-07-18 00:28:19 | 2012-07-18 01:52:09 | 2012-07-18 01:56:42 | 2012-07-18 02:06:52 | 2012-07-18 02:10:05 | 2012-07-18 02:14:45<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-24 01:03:30 | 2012-07-24 01:09:53<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 21:25:12 | 2012-07-15 19:39:58 | 2012-07-15 20:25:12<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:02:20 | 2012-07-06 20:12:16 | 2012-07-06 20:16:00 | 2012-07-06 20:19:26 | 2012-07-06 20:24:50 | 2012-07-06 20:41:03 | 2012-07-13 06:03:25 | 2012-07-13 06:52:26 | 2012-07-13 06:58:33 | 2012-07-13 07:01:13 | 2012-07-15 04:58:39 | 2012-07-15 20:57:35 | 2012-07-15 21:05:27<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 18:52:58 | 2012-07-12 18:54:16 | 2012-07-12 18:56:29 | 2012-07-12 19:16:57 | 2012-07-12 19:24:50 | 2012-07-12 19:28:53 | 2012-07-12 19:36:54 | 2012-07-12 20:07:34 | 2012-07-12 20:36:30 | 2012-07-12 20:54:41 | 2012-07-12 23:36:21 | 2012-07-13 00:40:38 | 2012-07-13 01:02:33 | 2012-07-13 17:39:55 | 2012-07-14 01:09:09 | 2012-07-14 01:25:38 | 2012-07-14 01:27:34 | 2012-07-19 00:13:25<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-08 23:02:25 | 2012-07-09 02:52:45 | 2012-07-15 03:46:31<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-19 01:34:32<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:09:27 | 2012-07-07 19:48:44 | 2012-07-07 19:52:41 | 2012-07-07 19:59:19 | 2012-07-07 20:02:51 | 2012-07-07 20:19:50 | 2012-07-07 20:26:03 | 2012-07-16 20:40:04<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 22:08:24 | 2012-07-12 22:10:12 | 2012-07-12 22:17:49 | 2012-07-12 22:42:30 | 2012-07-17 23:38:40 | 2012-07-18 00:18:15<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=149958Os01g08838002012-07-23T17:09:53Z<p>Chibone: /* Knowledge Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
[[File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG|right|thumb|150px|''Gibberellin signalling pathway. (a) sd1 mutations affect the activity of GA 20-oxidase (GA20ox). (b) GA action results in the degradation of Rht (from reference <ref name="ref5" />).'']]<br />
<br />
Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref4" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail&diff=149952Os01g0883800/QuantityDetail2012-07-23T17:05:08Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quantity</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 529 | 192 | 42 | 8122 | 17 | 1723 | 24 | 21<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 6523 | 638 | 2668<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4043 | 1071 | 585 | 180 | 240 | 3675 | 1973 | 5470 | 17 | 68 | 1950 | 306 | 646<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 3984 | 17 | 2428 | 5114 | 2278 | 2800 | 60 | 1360 | 5777 | 4092 | 68 | 7604 | 6969 | 376 | 6991 | 6555 | 109 | 174<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 943<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 25 | 1939 | 75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 4<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 90 | 5992 | 6388 | 52 | 24 | 52 | 25 | 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 552 | 72 | 2 | 524 | 174 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/QualityDetail&diff=149953Os01g0883800/QualityDetail2012-07-23T17:05:08Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Quality</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.05 | 0.77 | 1 | 0.89 | -0.83 | -0.9<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.49 | 0.91 | 0.6<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.14 | -0.54 | -0.15 | 0.01 | -0.15 | 0.79 | -0.19 | 0.17 | 0.16 | -0.12 | 0.95 | -1 | -0.75<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | -1 | 0.04 | 0.13 | -0.08 | -0.02 | -0.09 | 0.05 | -0.01 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.29 | -0.1 | 0.18 | 0.54 | -0.76 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -1 | 0.37 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 0.55 | -0.86 | 0.7 | -0.17 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> -0.5 | -1 | -1 | -0.43 | -1 | 1<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800/TimeDetail&diff=149954Os01g0883800/TimeDetail2012-07-23T17:05:08Z<p>Chibone: 1</p>
<hr />
<div><table border='1' style='border: solid 1px #8a8a8a;'><tr><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Contributor</th><th style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>Edit Time</th></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Ang Li]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-18 00:05:22 | 2012-07-18 00:12:43 | 2012-07-18 00:28:19 | 2012-07-18 01:52:09 | 2012-07-18 01:56:42 | 2012-07-18 02:06:52 | 2012-07-18 02:10:05 | 2012-07-18 02:14:45<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Hao Wu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 21:25:12 | 2012-07-15 19:39:58 | 2012-07-15 20:25:12<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Dawei Huang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:02:20 | 2012-07-06 20:12:16 | 2012-07-06 20:16:00 | 2012-07-06 20:19:26 | 2012-07-06 20:24:50 | 2012-07-06 20:41:03 | 2012-07-13 06:03:25 | 2012-07-13 06:52:26 | 2012-07-13 06:58:33 | 2012-07-13 07:01:13 | 2012-07-15 04:58:39 | 2012-07-15 20:57:35 | 2012-07-15 21:05:27<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Lina Ma]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 18:52:58 | 2012-07-12 18:54:16 | 2012-07-12 18:56:29 | 2012-07-12 19:16:57 | 2012-07-12 19:24:50 | 2012-07-12 19:28:53 | 2012-07-12 19:36:54 | 2012-07-12 20:07:34 | 2012-07-12 20:36:30 | 2012-07-12 20:54:41 | 2012-07-12 23:36:21 | 2012-07-13 00:40:38 | 2012-07-13 01:02:33 | 2012-07-13 17:39:55 | 2012-07-14 01:09:09 | 2012-07-14 01:25:38 | 2012-07-14 01:27:34 | 2012-07-19 00:13:25<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Wu Gang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-24 01:03:30<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Rice2012]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-08 23:02:25 | 2012-07-09 02:52:45 | 2012-07-15 03:46:31<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Zhang Zhang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-19 01:34:32<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Jian Sang]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-06 20:09:27 | 2012-07-07 19:48:44 | 2012-07-07 19:52:41 | 2012-07-07 19:59:19 | 2012-07-07 20:02:51 | 2012-07-07 20:19:50 | 2012-07-07 20:26:03 | 2012-07-16 20:40:04<br />
</td></tr><tr><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'>[[Special:ScienceReward|Chao Xu]]<br />
</td><td style='border: solid 1px #aaaaaa;'> 2012-07-12 22:08:24 | 2012-07-12 22:10:12 | 2012-07-12 22:17:49 | 2012-07-12 22:42:30 | 2012-07-17 23:38:40 | 2012-07-18 00:18:15<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
Each contributor may involve multiple revisions, which are separated by '|'.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=149948Os01g08838002012-07-23T17:03:30Z<p>Chibone: /* Knowledge Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
[[File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG]]<br />
<br />
Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref4" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Gibberellin_SD1_RHT_Signal.PNG&diff=149941File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG2012-07-23T16:50:50Z<p>Chibone: uploaded a new version of &quot;File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG&quot;: Gibberellin signalling pathway. (a) sd1 mutations affect the activity of GA 20-oxidase (GA20ox). (b) GA action results in the degradation of Rht<ref name="ref5" />.</p>
<hr />
<div>Gibberellin signalling pathway. (a) sd1 mutations affect the activity of GA 20-oxidase (GA20ox). (b) GA action results in the degradation of Rht<ref name="ref5" />.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Gibberellin_SD1_RHT_Signal.PNG&diff=149934File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG2012-07-23T16:49:18Z<p>Chibone: Gibberellin signalling pathway. (a) sd1 mutations affect the activity of GA 20-oxidase (GA20ox). (b) GA action results in the degradation of Rht<ref name="ref5" />.</p>
<hr />
<div>Gibberellin signalling pathway. (a) sd1 mutations affect the activity of GA 20-oxidase (GA20ox). (b) GA action results in the degradation of Rht<ref name="ref5" />.</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=77411Os01g08838002012-07-19T23:21:39Z<p>Chibone: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref4" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=77410Os01g08838002012-07-19T23:21:12Z<p>Chibone: /* Knowledge Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref4" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=77409Os01g08838002012-07-19T23:05:13Z<p>Chibone: /* Knowledge Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref4" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=77408Os01g08838002012-07-19T22:50:23Z<p>Chibone: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
Except sd1, another ‘green revolution’ gene named Rht1, which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref4" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=77407Os01g08838002012-07-19T22:49:55Z<p>Chibone: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
Except sd1, another ‘green revolution’ gene named Rht1, which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref4" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261..</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9..</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=77406Os01g08838002012-07-19T22:49:27Z<p>Chibone: /* Knowledge Extension */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
Except sd1, another ‘green revolution’ gene named Rht1, which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref4" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261..</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=77405Os01g08838002012-07-19T21:23:18Z<p>Chibone: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261..</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0883800&diff=77404Os01g08838002012-07-19T21:22:35Z<p>Chibone: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.<br />
<br />
== Annotated Information ==<br />
=== Function ===<br />
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]<br />
<br />
This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen(DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2).SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20 <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005506, GO:0016216, GO:0017000<br />
<br />
=== Mutation ===<br />
‘dee-geo-woo-gen’ (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Expression ===<br />
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />. <br />
<br />
Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this<br />
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.<br />
<br />
{| style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"<br />
|-<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Forward primer<br />
! style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Reverse primer<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0" rowspan="3"|Gene amplication<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3'(used to amplify exon 1<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3'(used to amplify exon 2<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3'(used to amplify exon 3<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0" rowspan="2"|RT-PCR<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 0 0"| 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|-<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0 0"| 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'<br />
| style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0 0 0"| 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3'<ref name="ref3" /><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Evolution ===<br />
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea(50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to<br />
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.<br />
<br />
=== Knowledge Extension ===<br />
The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’)<ref name="ref4" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as sd1 in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.<br />
<br />
== Labs working on this gene ==<br />
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan<br />
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan<br />
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines<br />
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan<br />
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia<br />
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261..</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9..</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231..</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Structured Information ==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0883800|<br />
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|<br />
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|<br />
Length = 2743 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|<br />
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:SD1_RHT_Signal.PNG&diff=77403File:SD1 RHT Signal.PNG2012-07-19T21:05:40Z<p>Chibone: uploaded a new version of &quot;File:SD1 RHT Signal.PNG&quot;: Gibberellin signalling pathway<ref name="ref5" /></p>
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<div>Gibberellin signalling pathway</div>Chibonehttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:SD1_RHT_Signal.PNG&diff=77402File:SD1 RHT Signal.PNG2012-07-19T21:02:47Z<p>Chibone: Gibberellin signalling pathway</p>
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<div>Gibberellin signalling pathway</div>Chibone