http://192.168.164.12:81/ricewiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=FcgbeanRiceWiki - User contributions [en]2026-05-08T08:24:56ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.30.0https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175761Os06g01330002014-06-01T16:34:06Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Expression */</p>
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<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
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==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
[[File:FL2.jpg|right|thumb|250px| "Identification and confirmation of the qGC-6 gene. a Phenotypic<br />
value of gel consistency in mature seeds of transgenic plant and<br />
the controls. b Identification of transgenic plants with the Indel<br />
marker IndGC6[1]"]]<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
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===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Common non-waxy (Wx) rice cultivars contain two different alleles at the waxy locus, designated Wx(a) and Wx(b), which encode different levels of granule-bound starch synthases and are hence involved in the control of endosperm amylose content. The Wx(a) allele was predominant in non-waxy indica cultivars, whereas the Wx(b) allele was common to the non-waxy japonica variety. Recently, some of the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of Wx(a) from Wx(b) have been characterized. One structural difference between these two alleles was shown to be due to alternative splicing caused by a single-base substitution (AG GT to AG TT) at a donor site of the first intron within the Wx gene.<br />
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The development and substance accumulation of rice caryopsis were studied by using the transgenic japonica and indica rice with antisense Wx gene. The weight of caryopses in transgenic rice was lower than that in non-transgenic one, and the reduction in weight was significantly correlated to the reduction in amylose content. In caryopsis of transgenic rice, the number of endosperm cells was less than that in caryopsis of non-transgenic one, but the proliferation speed was considerably higher during the first six days after flowering (DAF). During the first nine DAF, the soluble sugar content of transgenic rice caryopsis was less than that of the non-transgenic one, but the situation was reverse after nine DAF. Moreover, the total starch content also declined with the decrease in amylose content of transgenic rice caryopsis, while the amylopectin content increased accordingly. Therefore, the composition of starch in caryopsis also changed, but it did not affect the accumulation of protein in transgenic rice caryopsis[11].<br />
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===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
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59.3% variance of amylose content was attributed to the polymorphism of Wx gene revealed by RM190, while 56.1% and 24.6% of the variances in amylose content and gel consistency were respectively to the polymorphism of Wx gene revealed by 484/W2R-ACC I. Furthermore, with both SSR and CAPS markers, 72.4% of the variance in amylose content could be explained[8].<br />
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==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
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2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
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3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
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4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
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5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
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6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
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7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
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8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
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9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
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10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
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11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
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12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
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13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
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==References==<br />
1. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
2.Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765<br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186.<br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24<br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149<br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93<br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282<br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609<br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112<br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14<br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344<br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204<br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85<br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135<br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97.</ref> <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987.</ref> <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138.</ref> <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781.</ref> <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622.</ref> <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26.</ref> <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10.</ref> <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898-.</ref> <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9.</ref> <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222.</ref> <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473.</ref><br />
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==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175760Os06g01330002014-06-01T16:33:43Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Expression */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
[[File:FL2.jpg|right|thumb|250px| "Identification and confirmation of the qGC-6 gene. a Phenotypic<br />
value of gel consistency in mature seeds of transgenic plant and<br />
the controls. b Identification of transgenic plants with the Indel<br />
marker IndGC6[1]"]]<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
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===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Common non-waxy (Wx) rice cultivars contain two different alleles at the waxy locus, designated Wx(a) and Wx(b), which encode different levels of granule-bound starch synthases and are hence involved in the control of endosperm amylose content. The Wx(a) allele was predominant in non-waxy indica cultivars, whereas the Wx(b) allele was common to the non-waxy japonica variety. Recently, some of the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of Wx(a) from Wx(b) have been characterized. One structural difference between these two alleles was shown to be due to alternative splicing caused by a single-base substitution (AG GT to AG TT) at a donor site of the first intron within the Wx gene.<br />
<br />
The development and substance accumulation of rice caryopsis were studied by using the transgenic japonica and indica rice with antisense Wx gene. The weight of caryopses in transgenic rice was lower than that in non-transgenic one, and the reduction in weight was significantly correlated to the reduction in amylose content. In caryopsis of transgenic rice, the number of endosperm cells was less than that in caryopsis of non-transgenic one, but the proliferation speed was considerably higher during the first six days after flowering (DAF). During the first nine DAF, the soluble sugar content of transgenic rice caryopsis was less than that of the non-transgenic one, but the situation was reverse after nine DAF. Moreover, the total starch content also declined with the decrease in amylose content of transgenic rice caryopsis, while the amylopectin content increased accordingly. Therefore, the composition of starch in caryopsis also changed, but it did not affect the accumulation of protein in transgenic rice caryopsis[].<br />
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===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
59.3% variance of amylose content was attributed to the polymorphism of Wx gene revealed by RM190, while 56.1% and 24.6% of the variances in amylose content and gel consistency were respectively to the polymorphism of Wx gene revealed by 484/W2R-ACC I. Furthermore, with both SSR and CAPS markers, 72.4% of the variance in amylose content could be explained[8].<br />
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==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
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4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
<br />
5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
<br />
6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
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7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
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8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
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9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
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10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
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11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
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12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
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13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
1. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
2.Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765<br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186.<br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24<br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149<br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93<br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282<br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609<br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112<br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14<br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344<br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204<br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85<br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135<br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97.</ref> <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987.</ref> <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138.</ref> <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781.</ref> <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622.</ref> <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26.</ref> <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10.</ref> <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898-.</ref> <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9.</ref> <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222.</ref> <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473.</ref><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175759Os06g01330002014-06-01T16:30:36Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Expression */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
[[File:FL2.jpg|right|thumb|250px| "Identification and confirmation of the qGC-6 gene. a Phenotypic<br />
value of gel consistency in mature seeds of transgenic plant and<br />
the controls. b Identification of transgenic plants with the Indel<br />
marker IndGC6[1]"]]<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
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===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Common non-waxy (Wx) rice cultivars contain two different alleles at the waxy locus, designated Wx(a) and Wx(b), which encode different levels of granule-bound starch synthases and are hence involved in the control of endosperm amylose content. The Wx(a) allele was predominant in non-waxy indica cultivars, whereas the Wx(b) allele was common to the non-waxy japonica variety. Recently, some of the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of Wx(a) from Wx(b) have been characterized. One structural difference between these two alleles was shown to be due to alternative splicing caused by a single-base substitution (AG GT to AG TT) at a donor site of the first intron within the Wx gene.<br />
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===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
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59.3% variance of amylose content was attributed to the polymorphism of Wx gene revealed by RM190, while 56.1% and 24.6% of the variances in amylose content and gel consistency were respectively to the polymorphism of Wx gene revealed by 484/W2R-ACC I. Furthermore, with both SSR and CAPS markers, 72.4% of the variance in amylose content could be explained[8].<br />
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==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
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2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
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3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
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4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
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5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
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6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
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7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
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8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
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9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
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10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
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11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
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12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
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13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
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==References==<br />
1. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
2.Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765<br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186.<br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24<br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149<br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93<br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282<br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609<br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112<br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14<br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344<br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204<br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85<br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135<br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97.</ref> <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987.</ref> <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138.</ref> <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781.</ref> <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622.</ref> <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26.</ref> <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10.</ref> <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898-.</ref> <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9.</ref> <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222.</ref> <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473.</ref><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175750Os06g01330002014-06-01T16:07:59Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
[[File:FL2.jpg|right|thumb|250px| "Identification and confirmation of the qGC-6 gene. a Phenotypic<br />
value of gel consistency in mature seeds of transgenic plant and<br />
the controls. b Identification of transgenic plants with the Indel<br />
marker IndGC6[1]"]]<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:图片1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
59.3% variance of amylose content was attributed to the polymorphism of Wx gene revealed by RM190, while 56.1% and 24.6% of the variances in amylose content and gel consistency were respectively to the polymorphism of Wx gene revealed by 484/W2R-ACC I. Furthermore, with both SSR and CAPS markers, 72.4% of the variance in amylose content could be explained[8].<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
<br />
4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
<br />
5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
<br />
6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
<br />
7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
<br />
8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
<br />
9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
<br />
10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
<br />
11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
<br />
12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
<br />
13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
1. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
2.Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765<br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186.<br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24<br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149<br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93<br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282<br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609<br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112<br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14<br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344<br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204<br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85<br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135<br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97.</ref> <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987.</ref> <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138.</ref> <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781.</ref> <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622.</ref> <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26.</ref> <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10.</ref> <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898-.</ref> <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9.</ref> <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222.</ref> <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473.</ref><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:FL2.jpg&diff=175749File:FL2.jpg2014-06-01T16:04:12Z<p>Fcgbean: Identification and confirmation of the qGC-6 gene</p>
<hr />
<div>Identification and confirmation of the qGC-6 gene</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175748Os06g01330002014-06-01T16:02:56Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Evolution */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:图片1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
59.3% variance of amylose content was attributed to the polymorphism of Wx gene revealed by RM190, while 56.1% and 24.6% of the variances in amylose content and gel consistency were respectively to the polymorphism of Wx gene revealed by 484/W2R-ACC I. Furthermore, with both SSR and CAPS markers, 72.4% of the variance in amylose content could be explained[8].<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
<br />
4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
<br />
5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
<br />
6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
<br />
7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
<br />
8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
<br />
9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
<br />
10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
<br />
11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
<br />
12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
<br />
13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
1. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
2.Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765<br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186.<br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24<br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149<br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93<br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282<br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609<br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112<br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14<br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344<br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204<br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85<br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135<br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97.</ref> <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987.</ref> <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138.</ref> <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781.</ref> <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622.</ref> <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26.</ref> <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10.</ref> <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898-.</ref> <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9.</ref> <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222.</ref> <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473.</ref><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175747Os06g01330002014-06-01T15:56:37Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:图片1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
<br />
4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
<br />
5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
<br />
6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
<br />
7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
<br />
8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
<br />
9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
<br />
10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
<br />
11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
<br />
12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
<br />
13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
1. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
2.Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765<br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186.<br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24<br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149<br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93<br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282<br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609<br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112<br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14<br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344<br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204<br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85<br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135<br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97.</ref> <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987.</ref> <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138.</ref> <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781.</ref> <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622.</ref> <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26.</ref> <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10.</ref> <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898-.</ref> <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9.</ref> <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222.</ref> <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473.</ref><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175746Os06g01330002014-06-01T15:56:21Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:图片1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
<br />
4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
<br />
5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
<br />
6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
<br />
7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
<br />
8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
<br />
9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
<br />
10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
<br />
11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
<br />
12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
<br />
13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
2.Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765<br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186.<br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24<br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149<br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93<br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282<br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609<br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112<br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14<br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344<br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204<br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85<br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135<br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97.</ref> <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987.</ref> <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138.</ref> <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781.</ref> <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622.</ref> <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26.</ref> <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10.</ref> <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898-.</ref> <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9.</ref> <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222.</ref> <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473.</ref><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175745Os06g01330002014-06-01T15:54:58Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:图片1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
<br />
4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
<br />
5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
<br />
6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
<br />
7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
<br />
8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
<br />
9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
<br />
10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
<br />
11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
<br />
12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
<br />
13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">1. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867.</ref> <br />
2.Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230.</ref> <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347.</ref> <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765.</ref> <br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186.</ref> <br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24.</ref> <br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149.</ref> <br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93.</ref> <br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282.</ref> <br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609.</ref> <br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112.</ref> <br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14.</ref> <br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500.</ref> <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344.</ref> <br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204.</ref> <br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85.</ref> <br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567.</ref> <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135.</ref> <br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310.</ref> <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97.</ref> <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987.</ref> <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138.</ref> <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781.</ref> <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622.</ref> <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26.</ref> <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10.</ref> <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898-.</ref> <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9.</ref> <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222.</ref> <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175742Os06g01330002014-06-01T15:51:56Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:图片1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
<br />
4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
<br />
5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
<br />
6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
<br />
7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
<br />
8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
<br />
9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
<br />
10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
<br />
11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
<br />
12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
<br />
13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">1. Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref2">2. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref3">3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref4">4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref5">5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref6">6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref7">7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref8">8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref9">9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref10">10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref11">11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref12">12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref13">13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref14">14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref15">15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref16">16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref17">17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref18">18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref19">19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref20">20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref21">21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref22">22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref23">23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref24">24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref25">25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref26">26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref27">27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898-.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref28">28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref29">29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222.</ref> <br />
<ref name="ref30">30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175733Os06g01330002014-06-01T15:43:23Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
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==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)<br />
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===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:图片1.jpg]]<br />
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===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
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Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
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==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
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2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
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3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
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4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
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5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
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6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
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7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
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8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
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9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
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10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
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11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
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12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
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13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
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==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1. Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
2. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765 <br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186 <br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24 <br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149 <br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93 <br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282 <br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609 <br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112 <br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14 <br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344 <br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204 <br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85 <br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135 <br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97 <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987 <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138 <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781 <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622 <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26 <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10 <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898- <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9 <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222 <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=175731Os06g01330002014-06-01T15:40:08Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
The Waxy gene (wx) encodes granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS), which is the main gene that effects amylose synthesis. The Waxy allele is responsible for gel consistency (GC) as well as amylose content (AC) and plays a crucial role in the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice because it regulates both amylose content and gel consistency.(reference from,)<br />
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===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:图片1.jpg]]<br />
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===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
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Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
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==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
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2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
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4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
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5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
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6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
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7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
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8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
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9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
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10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
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11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
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12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
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13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
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==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1. Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
2. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765 <br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186 <br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24 <br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149 <br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93 <br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282 <br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609 <br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112 <br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14 <br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344 <br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204 <br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85 <br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135 <br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97 <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987 <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138 <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781 <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622 <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26 <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10 <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898- <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9 <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222 <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175696Os02g02441002014-06-01T14:00:57Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight(from reference<ref name="ref1" />). <br />
<br />
The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing(from reference<ref name="ref1" />).<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175694Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:59:12Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops(<ref name="ref1" />).<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele(<ref name="ref1" />).<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing(<ref name="ref1" />).<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175692Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:58:10Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Annotated Information */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops(from reference<ref name="ref1" />).<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele(from reference<ref name="ref1" />).<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing(from reference<ref name="ref1" />).<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175690Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:56:35Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175688Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:56:22Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref1><br />
<ref name="ref2">Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175687Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:55:39Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
1.Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref1><br />
<br />
<ref name="ref2"><br />
2.Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175686Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:55:18Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
1.Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref1><br />
</references><br />
<br />
<ref name="ref2"><br />
2.Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175685Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:47:30Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
1.Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref1><br />
</references><br />
<br />
<br />
2.Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175683Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:47:14Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
1.Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref1><br />
</references><br />
<br />
<ref name="ref"><br />
2.Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175682Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:44:39Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
1.Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref1><br />
</references><br />
<br />
2.Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175681Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:44:05Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref1><br />
</references><br />
<ref name="ref"><br />
Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175680Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:43:00Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref1><br />
</references><br />
<br />
Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175679Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:42:13Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref1><br />
</references><br />
<br />
<br />
2. Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175678Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:40:26Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Annotated Information */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
[[File:FL1.jpg|right|thumb|250px| ''Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield) (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
<br />
1. Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630..</ref1><br />
</references><br />
<br />
<br />
2. Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175676Os02g02441002014-06-01T13:36:39Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Annotated Information */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.[[File:FL1.jpg|''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
<br />
1. Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630..</ref1><br />
</references><br />
<br />
<br />
2. Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:FL1.jpg&diff=175675File:FL1.jpg2014-06-01T13:31:57Z<p>Fcgbean: Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a a</p>
<hr />
<div>Characterization of grain milk filling in FAZ1 and NIL(GW2) and proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2. (a) Time-course of endosperm fresh weight increase. (b) Time-course of endosperm dry weight<br />
increase. Data are mean ± s.d. (n ¼ B10 to B15 plants) in a and b. (c) Proposed model for the role<br />
of GW2 in regulation of grain width (size) and weight. GW2 recruits the targeted substrate for<br />
degradation, thereby inhibiting cell division, and then influences spikelet hull size, subsequently<br />
indirectly influencing milk filling rate, endosperm cell size, endosperm size and, ultimately, grain size<br />
(width, weight and yield).</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175177Os02g02441002014-05-31T15:18:35Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
<br />
1. Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630..</ref1><br />
</references><br />
<br />
<br />
2. Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175176Os02g02441002014-05-31T15:15:08Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
<br />
1. Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630..</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
<br />
2. Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175175Os02g02441002014-05-31T15:14:17Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
<br />
1. Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.<br />
Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=175174Os02g02441002014-05-31T15:13:33Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
<br />
1. Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.<br />
<br />
2. Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171949Os06g01330002014-05-24T16:54:14Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Labs working on this gene */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
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===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:图片1.jpg]]<br />
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===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
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Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
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==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.<br />
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4.Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014,China.<br />
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5.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.<br />
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6.Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223 , China.<br />
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7.College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.<br />
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8.Chengdu Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041,China.<br />
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9.Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.<br />
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10.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China.<br />
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11.Rice Research Institute , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang 611130 , China.<br />
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12.Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement , Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yacan 625014 , China.<br />
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13.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1. Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
2. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765 <br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186 <br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24 <br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149 <br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93 <br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282 <br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609 <br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112 <br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14 <br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344 <br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204 <br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85 <br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135 <br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97 <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987 <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138 <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781 <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622 <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26 <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10 <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898- <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9 <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222 <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171401Os06g01330002014-05-23T16:42:43Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Expression */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:图片1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1. Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
2. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765 <br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186 <br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24 <br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149 <br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93 <br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282 <br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609 <br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112 <br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14 <br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344 <br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204 <br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85 <br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135 <br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97 <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987 <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138 <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781 <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622 <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26 <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10 <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898- <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9 <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222 <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171400Os06g01330002014-05-23T16:42:12Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
[[File:Example.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1. Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
2. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765 <br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186 <br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24 <br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149 <br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93 <br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282 <br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609 <br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112 <br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14 <br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344 <br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204 <br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85 <br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135 <br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97 <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987 <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138 <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781 <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622 <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26 <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10 <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898- <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9 <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222 <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171399Os06g01330002014-05-23T16:38:09Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Expression */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
<br />
[[File:Example.jpg]]===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1. Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
2. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765 <br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186 <br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24 <br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149 <br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93 <br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282 <br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609 <br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112 <br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14 <br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344 <br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204 <br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85 <br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135 <br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97 <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987 <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138 <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781 <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622 <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26 <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10 <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898- <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9 <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222 <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171398Os06g01330002014-05-23T16:34:47Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Labs working on this gene */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
1.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice<br />
Research Institute, 31006 Hangzhou, China<br />
<br />
2.Department of Plant Biology & Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish<br />
University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O.<br />
Box 7080, SE 75007, Uppsala, Sweden<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1. Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
2. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765 <br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186 <br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24 <br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149 <br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93 <br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282 <br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609 <br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112 <br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14 <br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344 <br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204 <br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85 <br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135 <br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97 <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987 <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138 <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781 <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622 <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26 <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10 <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898- <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9 <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222 <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171397Os06g01330002014-05-23T16:20:39Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1. Ming-Zhou Zhang;Jie-Hong Fang;Xia Yan;Jun Liu;Jin-Song Bao;Gunnel Fransson;Roger Andersson;Christer Jansson;Per Åman;Chuanxin Sun<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant<br />
BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230 <br />
2. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867 <br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765 <br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186 <br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24 <br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149 <br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93 <br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282 <br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609 <br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112 <br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14 <br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344 <br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204 <br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85 <br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135 <br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97 <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987 <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138 <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781 <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622 <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26 <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10 <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898- <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9 <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222 <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171396Os06g01330002014-05-23T16:19:53Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1.Ming-Zhou Zhang; Jie-Hong Fang; Xia Yan; Jun Liu; Jin-Song Bao; Gunnel Fransson; Roger Andersson; Christer Jansson; Per Å man; Chuanxin Sun.<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230.<br />
2. Yan Su;Yuchun Rao;Shikai Hu;Yaolong Yang;Zhenyu Gao;Guanghen Zhang;Jian Liu;Jiang Hu;Meixian Yan;Guojun Dong;Li Zhu;Longbiao Guo;Qian Qian;Dali Zeng<br />
Map-based cloning proves qGC-6, a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross, responds by Waxy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011, 123(5): 859-867<br />
3. 姚姝;陈涛;张亚东;朱镇;赵凌;赵庆勇;周丽慧;王才林<br />
分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻暗胚乳突变基因Wx-mq和抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-bi<br />
中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 341-347 <br />
4. Zhixi Tian;Qian Qian;Qiaoquan Liu;Meixian Yan;Xinfang Liu;Changjie Yan;Guifu Liu;Zhenyu Gao;Shuzhu Tang;Dali Zeng;Yonghong Wang;Jianming Yu;Minghong Gu;Jiayang Li<br />
Allelic diversities in rice starch biosynthesis lead to a diverse array of rice eating and cooking qualities<br />
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(51): 21760-21765 <br />
5. P. Jayamani;S. Negrão;C. Brites;M.M. Oliveira<br />
Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Journal of Cereal Science, 2007, 46(2): 178-186 <br />
6. 张娅丽; 许明辉; 曾亚文; 姚春馨; 陈善娜<br />
云南地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基变异与直链淀粉含量的关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(1): 20-24 <br />
7. 刘玉花; 栾丽; 龙文波; 王兴; 孔繁伦; 何涛; 涂升斌<br />
同源四倍体和二倍体水稻Wx基因与淀粉品质的遗传关系<br />
中国水稻科学, 2007, 21(2): 143-149 <br />
8. WAN Ying-xiu;DENG Qi-ming;WANG Shi-quan;LIU Ming-wei;ZHOU Hua-qiang;LI Ping<br />
Genetic Polymorphism of Wx Gene and Its Correlation with Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2007, 14(2): 85-93 <br />
9. 陈刚; 王忠; 刘巧泉; 熊飞; 顾蕴洁; 顾国俊<br />
转反义Wx基因水稻颖果的发育及物质积累<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(3): 277-282 <br />
10. 万映秀;邓其明;王世全;刘明伟;周华强;李平<br />
水稻Wx基因的遗传多态性及其与主要米质指标的相关性分析<br />
中国水稻科学, 2006, 20(6): 603-609 <br />
11. CHEN Gang; WANG Zhong; LIU Qiao-quan; XIONG Fei; GU Yun-jie; GU Guo-jun<br />
Development and Substance Accumulation of Caryopsis in Transgenic Rice with Antisense Wx Gene<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(2): 106-112 <br />
12. ZENG Rui-zhen; ZHANG Ze-min; HE Feng-hua; XI Zhang-ying; Akshay TALUKDAR; SHI Jun-qiong; QIN Li-jun; HUANG Chao-feng; ZHANG Gui-quan<br />
Identification of Multiple Alleles at the Wx Locus and Development of Single Segment Substitution Lines for the Alleles in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2006, 13(1): 9-14 <br />
13. 曾瑞珍; 张泽民; 何风华; 席章营; Akshay TALUKDAR; 施军琼; 秦利军; 黄朝锋; 张桂权<br />
水稻Wx复等位基因的鉴定及单片段代换系的建立<br />
中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(6): 495-500 <br />
14. MAO Xing-xue; LIU Yan-zhuo; XIAO Xin; CHEN Jian-wei; LUO Wen-yong; LI Xiao-fang<br />
A One-Step PCR Method for Detecting the First Base of Splice Donor of Wx Intron 1 in Rice<br />
Rice Science, 2004, 11(5-6): 342-344 <br />
15. Yamanaka-S;Nakamura-I;Watanabe-K-N;Sato-Y-I<br />
Identification of SNPs in the waxy gene among glutinous rice cultivars and their evolutionary significance during the domestication process of rice<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(7): 1200-1204 <br />
16. Zhongyi Li;Fei Sun;Shoumin Xu;Xiusheng Chu;Y. Mukai;M. Yamamoto;Shahjahan Ali;Lynette Rampling;Behjat Kosar-Hashemi;Sadequr Rahman;Matthew K. Morell<br />
The structural organisation of the gene encoding class II starch synthase of wheat and barley and the evolution of the genes encoding starch synthases in plants<br />
Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2003, 3(1-2): 76-85 <br />
17. Y. Sato;T. Nishio<br />
Mutation detection in rice waxy mutants by PCR-RF-SSCP<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107: 560-567 <br />
18. Hiroyuki Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Makoto Sakai and Tokio Imbe<br />
Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)<br />
Breeding Science, 2002, 52(2): 131-135 <br />
19. 于恒秀; 刘巧泉; 陈秀花; 陆美芳; 王兴稳; 王宗阳; 顾铭洪<br />
根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转化系统的优化及转反义Wx基因植株的获得<br />
中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(4): 304-310 <br />
20. Ichiho Mikami;Munetoshi Aikawa;Hiro-Yuki Hirano and Yoshio Sano<br />
Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice<br />
Euphytica, 1999, 105(2): 91-97 <br />
21. Hiro-Yuki Hirano;Mitsugu Eiguchi;Yoshio Sano<br />
A single base change altered the regulation of the Waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice<br />
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1998, 15(8): 978-987 <br />
22. Masayuki Isshiki;Kazuko Morino;Midori Nakajima;Ron J. Okagaki;Susan R. Wessler;Takeshi Izawa;Ko Shimamoto<br />
A naturally occurring functional allele of the rice waxy locus has a GT to TT mutation at the 5' splice site of the first intron<br />
The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(1): 133-138 <br />
23. N. M. Ayres;A. M. McClung;P. D. Larkin;H. F. J. Bligh;C. A. Jones;W. D. Park<br />
Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 94(6-7): 773-781 <br />
24. Zong-Yang Wang;Fei-Qin Zheng;Ge-Zhi Shen;Ji-Ping Gao;D. Peter Snustad;Min-Gang Li;Jing-Liu Zhang;Meng-Min Hong<br />
The amylose content in rice endosperm is related to the post-transcriptional regulation of the waxy gene<br />
The Plant Journal, 1995, 7(4): 613-622 <br />
25. 何祖华; 华金渭; 申宗坦<br />
水稻wx基因对籽粒糖类积累和萌发种子淀粉酶活力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1994, 8(1): 21-26 <br />
26. 郑柔; 奚永安; 林贻滋<br />
利用水稻糯与非糯(近)等基因系探讨WX基因对成熟胚培养力的影响<br />
中国水稻科学, 1993, 7(1): 7-10 <br />
27. Zong-yang Wang; Zhi-liang Wu; Yan-yan Xing; Fei-gin Zheng; Xiao-Ii Guo; Wei-guo Zhang and Meng-min Hong<br />
Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene<br />
Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, 18(19): 5898- <br />
28. Yoshio Sano;Mitsuko Katsumata;Kazutoshi Okuno<br />
Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 5. Inter- and intraspecific differentiation in the waxy gene expression of rice<br />
Euphytica, 1986, 35(1): 1-9 <br />
29. Y. Sano;M. Maekawa;H. Kikuchl<br />
Temperature effects on the Wx protein level and amylose content in the endosperm of rice<br />
Journal of Heredity, 1985, 76(3): 221-222 <br />
30. Yoshio Sano<br />
Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm<br />
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1984, 68(5): 467-473<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171395Os06g01330002014-05-23T16:18:55Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Evolution */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
Waxy mutants of cereals have a high content of amylopectin and have been well characterized. However, the allocation of carbon to other components, such as beta-glucan and oils, and the regulation of the altered carbon distribution to amylopectin in a waxy mutant are poorly understood. In this study, we used a rice mutant, GM077, with a low content of amylose to gain molecular insight into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation to other end products and to amylopectin. We used carbohydrate analysis, subtractive cDNA libraries, and qPCR to identify candidate genes potentially responsible for the changes in carbon allocation in GM077 seeds<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1.Ming-Zhou Zhang; Jie-Hong Fang; Xia Yan; Jun Liu; Jin-Song Bao; Gunnel Fransson; Roger Andersson; Christer Jansson; Per Å man; Chuanxin Sun.<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171394Os06g01330002014-05-23T16:18:32Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1.Ming-Zhou Zhang; Jie-Hong Fang; Xia Yan; Jun Liu; Jin-Song Bao; Gunnel Fransson; Roger Andersson; Christer Jansson; Per Å man; Chuanxin Sun.<br />
Molecular insights into how a deficiency of amylose affects carbon allocation -- carbohydrate and oil analyses and gene expression profiling in the seeds of a rice waxy mutant BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12: 230.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171393Os06g01330002014-05-23T16:16:10Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Expression */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
Analyses of carbohydrate and oil fractions and gene expression profiling on a global scale in the rice waxy mutant GM077 revealed several candidate genes implicated in the carbon reallocation response to an amylose deficiency, including genes encoding AGPase and SUSIBA2-like. We believe that AGP and SUSIBA2 are two promising targets for classical breeding and/or transgenic plant improvement to control the carbon flux between starch and other components in cereal seeds<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
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<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os06g0133000&diff=171392Os06g01330002014-05-23T16:15:51Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
Carbohydrate analysis indicated that the content of amylose in GM077 seeds was significantly reduced, while that of amylopectin significantly rose as compared to the wild type BP034. The content of glucose, sucrose, total starch, cell-wall polysaccharides and oil were only slightly affected in the mutant as compared to the wild type. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) experiments generated 116 unigenes in the mutant on the wild-type background. Among the 116 unigenes, three, AGP, ISA1 and SUSIBA2-like, were found to be directly involved in amylopectin synthesis, indicating their possible roles in redirecting carbon flux from amylose to amylopectin. A bioinformatics analysis of the putative SUSIBA2-like binding elements in the promoter regions of the upregulated genes indicated that the SUSIBA2-like transcription factor may be instrumental in promoting the carbon reallocation from amylose to amylopectin.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os06g0133000|<br />
Description = Granule-bound starch synthase I, chloroplast precursor (EC 2.4.1.21)|<br />
Version = NM_001063239.1 GI:115466209 GeneID:4340018|<br />
Length = 4953 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0133000, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 6:1764623..1769575|<br />
CDS = 1765922..1766260,1766374..1766454,1766562..1766660,1766757..1766846,1766946..1767009<br>,1767102..1767202,1767293..1767402,1767524..1767767,1767885..1768061<br>,1768305..1768496,1768603..1768689,1768799..1768927,1769285..1769401<br>|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008399:1764623..1769575<br />
source=RiceChromosome06<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctgggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacgccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgactgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MSALTTSQLATSATGFGIADRSAPSSLLRHGFQGLKPRSPAGGD ATSLSVTTSARATPKQQRSVQRGSRRFPSVVVYATGAGMNVVFVGAEMAPWSKTGGLG DVLGGLPPAMAANGHRVMVISPRYDQYKDAWDTSVVAEIKVADRYERVRFFHCYKRGV DRVFIDHPSFLEKVWGKTGEKIYGPDTGVDYKDNQMRFSLLCQAALEAPRILNLNNNP YFKGTYGEDVVFVCNDWHTGPLASYLKNNYQPNGIYRNAKVAFCIHNISYQGRFAFED YPELNLSERFRSSFDFIDGYDTPVEGRKINWMKAGILEADRVLTVSPYYAEELISGIA RGCELDNIMRLTGITGIVNGMDVSEWDPSKDKYITAKYDATTAIEAKALNKEALQAEA GLPVDRKIPLIAFIGRLEEQKGPDVMAAAIPELMQEDVQIVLLGTGKKKFEKLLKSME EKYPGKVRAVVKFNAPLAHLIMAGADVLAVPSRFEPCGLIQLQGMRYGTPCACASTGG LVDTVIEGKTGFHMGRLSVDCKVVEPSDVKKVAATLKRAIKVVGTPAYEEMVRNCMNQ DLSWKGPAKNWENVLLGLGVAGSAPGIEGDEIAPLAKENVAAP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1300..1638#1752..1832#1940..2038#2135..2224#2324..2387#2480..2580#2671..2780#2902..3145#3263..3439#3683..3874#3981..4067#4177..4305#4663..4779#accattccttcagttctttgtctatctcaagacacaaataactgcagtctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctgcttcacttctctgcttgtgttgttctgttgttcatcaggaagaacatctgcaagttatacatatatgtttataattctttgtttcccctcttattcagatcgatcacatgcatctttcattgctcgtttttccttacaagtagtctcatacatgctaatttctgtaaggtgttgggctggaaattaattaattaattaattgacttgccaagatccatatatatgtcctgatattaaatcttcgttcgttatgtttggttaggctgatcaatgttattctagagtctagagaaacacacccaggggttttccaactagctccacaagatggtgggctagctgacctagatttgaagtctcactccttataattattttatattagatcattttctaatattcgtgtctttttttattctagagtctagatcttgtgttcaactctcgttaaatcatgtctctcgccactggagaaacagatcaggagggtttattttgggtataggtcaaagctaagattgaaattcacaaatagtaaaatcagaatccaaccaattttagtagccgagttggtcaaaggaaaatgtatatagctagatttattgttttggcaaaaaaaaatctgaatatgcaaaatacttgtatatctttgtattaagaagatgaaaataagtagcagaaaattaaaaaatggattatatttcctgggctaaaagaattgttgatttggcacaattaaattcagtgtcaaggttttgtgcaagaattcagtgtgaaggaatagattctcttcaaaacaatttaatcattcatctgatctgctcaaagctctgtgcatctccgggtgcaacggccaggatatttattgtgcagtaaaaaaatgtcatatcccctagccacccaagaaactgctccttaagtccttataagcacatatggcattgtaatatatatgtttgagttttagcgacaatttttttaaaaacttttggtcctttttatgaacgttttaagtttcactgtctttttttttcgaattttaaatgtagcttcaaattctaatccccaatccaaattgtaataaacttcaattctcctaattaacatcttaattcatttatttgaaaaccagttcaaattcttttaggctcaccaaaccttaaacaattcaattcagtgcagagatcttccacagcaacagctagacaaccaccatgtcggctctcaccacgtcccagctcgccacctcggccaccggcttcggcatcgccgacaggtcggcgccgtcgtcgctgctccgccacgggttccagggcctcaagccccgcagccccgccggcggcgacgcgacgtcgctcagcgtgacgaccagcgcgcgcgcgacgcccaagcagcagcggtcggtgcagcgtggcagccggaggttcccctccgtcgtcgtgtacgccaccggcgccggcatgaacgtcgtgttcgtcggcgccgagatggccccctggagcaagaccggcggcctcggtgacgtcctcggtggcctcccccctgccatggctgtaagcacacacaaacttcgatcgctcgtcgtcgctgaccgtcgtcgtcttcaactgttcttgatcatcgcattggatggatgtgtaatgttgtgttcttgtgttctttgcaggcgaatggccacagggtcatggtgatctctcctcggtacgaccagtacaaggacgcttgggataccagcgttgtggctgaggtaggagcatatgcgtgatcagatcatcacaagatcgattagctttagatgatttgttacatttcgcaagattttaacccaagtttttgtggtgcaattcattgcagatcaaggttgcagacaggtacgagagggtgaggtttttccattgctacaagcgtggagtcgaccgtgtgttcatcgaccatccgtcattcctggagaaggtggagtcatcattagtttaccttttttgtttttactgaattattaacagtgcatttagcagttggactgagcttagcttccactggtgatttcaggtttggggaaagaccggtgagaagatctacggacctgacactggagttgattacaaagacaaccagatgcgtttcagccttctttgccaggtcagtgattacttctatctgatgatggttggaagcatcacgagtttaccatagtatgtatggattcataactaattcgtgtattgatgctacctgcaggcagcactcgaggctcctaggatcctaaacctcaacaacaacccatacttcaaaggaacttatggtgagttacaattgatctcaagatcttataactttcttcgaaggaatccatgatgatcagactaattccttccggtttgttactgacaacaggtgaggatgttgtgttcgtctgcaacgactggcacactggcccactggcgagctacctgaagaacaactaccagcccaatggcatctacaggaatgcaaaggtctatgcttgttcttgccataccaactcaaatctgcatgcacactgcattctgttcagaaactgactgtctgaatctttttcactgcaggttgctttctgcatccacaacatctcctaccagggccgtttcgctttcgaggattaccctgagctgaacctctccgagaggttcaggtcatccttcgatttcatcgacgggtatgagtaagattctaagagtaacttactgtcaattcgccatatatcgattcaatccaagatccttttgagctgacaaccctgcactactgtccatcgttcaaatccggttaaatttcaggtatgacacgccggtggagggcaggaagatcaactggatgaaggccggaatcctggaagccgacagggtgctcaccgtgagcccgtactacgccgaggagctcatctccggcatcgccaggggatgcgagctcgacaacatcatgcggctcaccggcatcaccggcatcgtcaacggcatggacgtcagcgagtgggatcctagcaaggacaagtacatcaccgccaagtacgacgcaaccacggtaagaacgaatgcattcttcacaagatatgcaatctgaattttctttgaaaaagaaattatcatctgtcacttcttgattgattctgacaaggcaagaatgagtgacaaatttcaggcaatcgaggcgaaggcgctgaacaaggaggcgttgcaggcggaggcgggtcttccggtcgacaggaaaatcccactgatcgcgttcatcggcaggctggaggaacagaagggccctgacgtcatggccgccgccatcccggagctcatgcaggaggacgtccagatcgttcttctggtataatataatacactacaagacacacttgcacgatatgccaaaaattcagaacaaattcagtggcaaaaaaaaaactcgaatattagggaaggacctaataatatcaaataattagaaggggtgaggctttgaacccagatcgtctagtccaccaccttgtggagttagccggaagacctctgagcatttctcaattcagtggcaaatgatgtgtataattttgatccgtgtgtgtttcagggtactggaaagaagaagttcgagaagctgctcaagagcatggaggagaagtatccgggcaaggtgagggccgtggtgaagttcaacgcgccgcttgctcatctcatcatggccggagccgacgtgctcgccgtccccagccgcttcgagccctgtggactcatccagctgcaggggatgagatacggaacggtatacaatttccatctatcaattcgattgttcgatttcatctttgtgcaatgcaatgcaattgcaaatgcaaatgcatgatgattttccttgttgatttctccagccctgtgcttgcgcgtccaccggtgggctcgtggacacggtcatcgaaggcaagactggtttccacatgggccgtctcagcgtcgacgtaagcctatacatttacataacaatcagatatgacacatcctaataccgataagtcggtacactactacacatttacatggttgctggttatatggtttttttggcagtgcaaggtggtggagccaagcgacgtgaagaaggtggcggccaccctgaagcgcgccatcaaggtcgtcggcacgccggcgtacgaggagatggtcaggaactgcatgaaccaggacctctcctggaaggtataaattacgaaacaaatttaacccaaacatatactatatactccctccgcttctaaatattcaacgccgttgtcttttttaaatatgtttgaccattcgtcttattaaaaaaattaaataattataaattcttttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttatatgtatacatatagttttacatatttcataaaattttttgaacaagacgaacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagttaacggtgtcgaatattcagaaacggagggagtataaacgtcttgttcagaagttcagagattcacctgtctgatgctgatgatgattaattgtttgcaacatggatttcaggggcctgcgaagaactgggagaatgtgctcctgggcctgggcgtcgccggcagcgcgccggggatcgaaggcgacgagatcgcgccgctcgccaaggagaacgtggctgctccttgaagagcctgagatctacatatggagtgattaattaatatagcagtatatggatgagagacgaatgaaccagtggtttgtttgttgtagtgaatttgtagctatagccaattatataggctaataagtttgatgttgtactcttctgggtgtgcttaagtatcttatcggaccctg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063239.1 RefSeq:Os06g0133000]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=171388Os02g02441002014-05-23T15:59:09Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression<br />
decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino<br />
acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently<br />
accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield. <br />
Many RING-type proteins function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, targeting proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the 26S proteasome28–31,38,39. Such RING proteins are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, including transcription,<br />
signal transduction, recombination and cell cycle progression. A previous study has shown that the RING-type (C3H2C3) protein<br />
BIG BROTHER, which has E3 ligase activity, acts as a central negative regulator of A. thaliana floral organ size, most likely by marking<br />
cellular proteins for degradation39. In contrast, the GW2, a new RING-type protein, has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and alters the<br />
number of cells in the spikelet hull, suggesting that GW2 E3 ligase functions as a regulator of cell division through ubiquitin-mediated<br />
proteolysis. However, the mechanism of cell cycle regulation mediated by GW2 remains to be elucidated.<br />
In the majority of RING-type proteins, the N terminus contains the RING domain that binds E2, and the remainder contains other<br />
protein–protein interaction domains that may function as the substrate-binding domain of the E3 ligase24. For example, COP1 has both<br />
a RING-type domain in the N terminus and a WD-40 repeat domain in the C terminus that can bind several protein targets, including HY5,<br />
thereby recruiting an E2 and targeting HY5 and other substrates for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome40. In addition, the<br />
WY3 variant of GW2 has an intact RING domain, thereby retaining E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but is truncated by 310 amino acids that<br />
might contain the substrate-binding domain. The absence of a substrate-binding domain suggests that WY3 GW2 is a null allele.<br />
The coincidence of the GW2 null allele and the increased number of cells in the spikelet hull suggest that WY3 GW2 protein does not<br />
interact with the substrate(s) involved in cell division and does not target them for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These<br />
data suggest that GW2 E3 ligase is a new negative regulator of cell division, targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. We examined GW2 for the presence of other known domains<br />
but did not find any known domains in GW2. Identification and characterization of both the substrate-binding domain of GW2 and<br />
the GW2 target substrate will be challenging but worth pursuing.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2"><br />
Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=171375Os02g02441002014-05-23T15:45:17Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Expression */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
[[File:1.png|right|thumb|250px| ''grain phenotype and structure of ''GW2'' (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
[[File:无标题.png|left|thumb|250px| ''Cellular properties and expression pattern of GW2. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]<br />
Transient expression in onion<br />
epidermal cells showed that GFP-GW2 localized to the cytoplasm.RT-PCR data in both FAZ1 and<br />
NIL(GW2) showed that GW2 mRNA was expressed constitutively in<br />
shoots and roots of seedlings, inflorescent meristems, young flowers,<br />
leaves and spikelet hulls and endosperms 4 d after fertilization.The GW2 promoter–GFP expression analysis<br />
showed that GFP was strongly expressed in roots <br />
, leaves, and floral organs including stamens, pistils and hulls.<br />
<br />
GW2 increases grain size and yield in rice, which is a new RING-type protein with intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that localizes to the cytoplasm and is constitutively expressed in various tissues. Reduced expression of GW2 increases grain size (mainly grain width), resulting in enhanced grain weight, whereas overexpression decreases grain size and weight. The naturally occurring WY3 allele of GW2, which encodes a truncated version of the protein with a 310–amino acid deletion, increases the number of cells of the spikelet hull, resulting in a wider spikelet hull, and subsequently accelerates the grain milk filling rate, resulting in increased grain width, weight and yield.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
[[File:1471-2229-10-143-1.jpg|right|thumb|350px| ''A.Relationship of ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5. B.Phylogenetic tree of GW2 protein sequences in maize, rice, sorghum and barley. (from reference<ref name="ref2" />).'']]<br />
The rice GW2 gene has two co-orthologs located on duplicated chromosomes in maize. Both genes consist of eight exons, with an overall sequence similarity of 94% to each other and 93% to the rice GW2 gene across the coding region. They were named ZmGW2-CHR4 and ZmGW2-CHR5.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"><br />
Song, X. J., Huang, W., Shi, M., Zhu, M. Z., & Lin, H. X. (2007). A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature genetics, 39(5), 623-630.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2"><br />
Li, Q., Li, L., Yang, X., Warburton, M.L., Bai, G., Dai, J., Li, J., and Yan, J. (2010). Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight. BMC Plant Biol 10, 143.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=171078Os02g02441002014-05-23T05:25:13Z<p>Fcgbean: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
Xian-Jun Song, Wei Huang, Min Shi, Mei-Zhen Zhu, Hong-Xuan Lin. A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase Nature Genetics, 2007, 39: 623-630.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=171077Os02g02441002014-05-23T05:23:41Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Annotated Information */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
This gene is reported as GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=171072Os02g02441002014-05-23T05:09:10Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Labs working on this gene */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttttcacattcctgcattcctgaagggaacttattatctaacagcattgctaaactcagctcttcccatgcccttagccatcaaattgatttgttatgatggttgcattgttagttttgcggtcccaattattagccacttaacgttcaggtcaggaactaatggtgttttttttctccgtcctttgtgttatactacctccatcctaaaataagtgcagccatgagtttccgcgcccaactttgatcgtccgttttatttgaaatttttttataattagcatttttgttgttataagatgataaaacatgaatagtactttactcgtgacttatgtttttgattttttcaaaaaaatttcaaataagacgaatggtcaaagttgggcgctgaaaaccatggctgcacttattttgggacggaggtagtatcatttattcatttgctgttcaagctgtagctcatcgtgtactgttccccaataagttgcttgccatttggtctatgtttccagcttctttcttttgtgagcatttttccttctgtatagcttgttactagaaagatgtaaactttatgttaaatgctgcttcatctttgaatttagattcttgggaataaacaataagcaaagttcatgtattgcgtatagaaaagtctgcatatatttctatcctaatacggtcaatcttttctctgagcaggagcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtaggtagagcactctaattttgacgccttgctgccctctcccttgcgctgctgttgctgcccttctctcccctgcctcctgcttctgcctcctttttgccaccagctcttggcctttttgttcaccccttttttgcatgtgttttgtcgtcatggtttgatatagatccagctatagctctccattgttattgcttatatgtatgtaaaatggaatatgaggaaatagaaaaaaggaaaatgggtcaacagttcttttggcagtagg</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbeanhttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0244100&diff=171071Os02g02441002014-05-23T05:08:14Z<p>Fcgbean: /* Labs working on this gene */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,<br />
Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, <br />
Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences,<br />
The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os02g0244100|<br />
Description = Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001052949.1 GI:115445268 GeneID:4328856|<br />
Length = 6429 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0244100, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 2:8144222..8150650|<br />
CDS = 8144506..8144706,8145995..8146046,8146132..8146177,8146270..8146351,8146430..8146592<br>,8146685..8146787,8148484..8148550,8149829..8150386|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008395:8144222..8150650<br />
source=RiceChromosome02<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctgtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccgagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacaatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccgtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcagggaagtatagggaatcctgtctgtggcaactttatgcctgtaactgagccatctccgcgtgaacgccagccattcgttccagctgcttctctagaaatacctcatggtggtggattttcctgtgcggttgcggcaatggctgagcaccagccacccagtatggacttctcttacatggctggcagcagcgcattcccagttttcgacatgttccggcgaccatgcaacattgctggtggaagcatgtgtaatctggagagctcaccggagagctggagcgggatagcaccaagctgcagcagggaagtggtaagagaagaaggagagtgctcggctgaccactggtcggagggtgcagaggccggaacaagctacgcgggctcagacatcgtggcagatgccgggaccatgccgcagctgcctttcgccgagaacttcgccatggcgccaagccacttccgcccggagagcatcgaagaacagatgatgttttccatggctctttctttagcagatggtcatggaagaacacactcgcaagggttggcatggttgtag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MGNRIGGRRKAGVEERYTRPQGLYEHRDIDQKKLRKLILEAKLA PCYMGADDAAAAADLEECPICFLYYPSLNRSKCCSKGICTECFLQMKPTHTAQPTQCP FCKTPSYAVEYRGVKTKEERSIEQFEEQKVIEAQMRMRQQALQDEEDKMKRKQNRCSS SRTITPTKEVEYRDICSTSFSVPSYRCAEQETECCSSEPSCSAQTSMRPFHSRHNRDD NIDMNIEDMMVMEAIWRSIQGSIGNPVCGNFMPVTEPSPRERQPFVPAASLEIPHGGG FSCAVAAMAEHQPPSMDFSYMAGSSAFPVFDMFRRPCNIAGGSMCNLESSPESWSGIA PSCSREVVREEGECSADHWSEGAEAGTSYAGSDIVADAGTMPQLPFAENFAMAPSHFR PESIEEQMMFSMALSLADGHGRTHSQGLAWL</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>285..485#1774..1825#1911..1956#2049..2130#2209..2371#2464..2566#4263..4329#5608..6165#gcagcagagaggtctccacttccctttcctcccaccccgagaaagccaaaaaaagaaaaattatttttcaaaaaaaaagctcgcctcgccctcgcgtcgtcgtccccatcaccccccctcctccgctccgagtacgcgtgcgtataccaccacctccatctccaccaccgtatgtatctacggtgaggcggcggcggcggaggaggaggaggagggggagtggtgagggtttcatctgcggaggaggagggaggaggagggaggagggtagatctgggagggggatggggaacaggataggggggaggaggaaggcgggggtggaggagaggtacacgaggccgcaggggctgtacgagcacagggacatcgaccagaagaagctccggaagctgatcctcgaggccaagctcgcgccgtgctacatgggcgccgacgacgccgccgccgccgccgacctcgaggagtgccccatctgcttcctggtataaaaccgcctccggggagatgtggcgggtggacgggaggaagagatctctcccctcttcctcacttcctcctcccgcttccttccacttcagctttttctctctttttttttggtgggattttgtcgtaatgctactactagtacttgttgttgcgagagtagggcgtggattgcgtgtggccgggtggtggcgtggagcgtttcgattagggggttgattacttttgctcctgttcgattgtggagagtgccggtggtgtgtggccgttatggagatggatgaccacgcgcagtgttttggggcaagaatttcagtcgacattggcacggttttggggttgtttgtattgttcttggataattagtgcggttcgtggagctgattttgcgaaatgtagtagtagtgtttgaattatttctggtagttagtagtggtatcatacttcgtatgtacattgtccgcaatgttctcctaaattgttttgttttcttaatcatagtttacttacttttattatgtaattctgagatacgtttttttgggataattatagtctaggaggttttgggtactcatttattattgtcaatattctataggcctatctattggctgcctggctgtgatgcattgcatgaaatttaatgtttactgccactcccggggttgggacattacagaccttataggaaatttgactagtttcataaatgaataattggccaactgttctgcaatgttgggtgccttcaatttctaatagtggatgctctatagagtacggaggtaccatggtgatatttgtttgttgtgtgtaatactttatttttggtgtattaatgctcttgggaaccgagattgagaatctattgtagtgaacttgattctgttagctgtgccagagtattttcgatgtctcttgtcaagcctgcatttatttggcacaaagtagattttttaaaaaaaaattctgcagctttaatgctactagcttactgcaattaatgttattactatataggaattttaatgcaattctatatggttgcaattttattgcaattctgcttcattagatctttagctcaaaatcactcaataaatttggttttagatgaaatcatgaaacttgtattataggagtatattatatttggtgttgaattatatgtttgcatttgtgctaatagtggtatttaacaattatcacttctggtatttctgagttcaaactgtttgacaaccactcctgtcctgaaatgcatgttttctttctttgtagtactacccaagtcttaaccgatcaaagtgttgctcaaaagggatatgcaccggtaatacatctatcctataactaacaattgtgttttacttgttaggaccatatacccttatattcaatggttggtttttttgcagagtgctttctccaaatgaaaccaactcacactgctcagcctacacagtatcctttgtgtcacccttgattatattttgtaaccttggcagttggcaatctatattcctttttatgaaaaaaatacttaaccaataaagatgtccattctgcaaaactcccagttatgctgtggagtatcgtggtgtaaagacaaaggaggaaaggagcatagaacaatttgtaagtaatttatattctgatgttttttttttgttttgccaaatgcatttcatttatctcacataatatgtgttacaggaagagcagaaagtcatagaagcacaaatgaggatgcgccagcaagcacttcaagatgaagaagataagatgaaaagaaaacagaacaggtgctcttctagcagaacaatcacaccgaccaaagaagtggagtatagagatatttgcagcacatccttttcaggtctgcacaggctgcaactaacatagaaatttagtaatgtaccatttcttctgcttgatgtggtaatttactatgtgttatgtctgtttcagtgccgtcataccgatgtgctgagcaagaaactgaatgctgttcatcggaaccttcatgctctgcccagactagcatgcgccctttccattctaggcataaccggtatgttattatctttttctctgagttttagggtgtcattgtagcctggttatgttgaactgcaaaccttactacacttctatgttaaataccctacctcaaccatgttgaagggaagcaaatgagaagtattgttaaaataggataaaggaaagtaacagtattatctatagaatcaaatcgataacaaagatcaaccgttggattaaattggatagtggggaccagacaccataaaacactggcatttcggacaagatcatttaattattccactttaagcttgtgcagtctgtcctgatccactgcactatttaagtggatgagaagctgtgattggagttactgttctagtgttaaggttgacttgtatcagatacaattgcctatccagtgacaaagtttgaatgtttaatttgtgaaagtgtgaatggagagaatttctgcccacatcattgttgtaccatgatagttacagtaatctttagtttatctatactctagagggataaaaacaccaaaacagtttgatcaaaattgttcgaggtaaatcctaagtataaaattgagaatggatttgtttttcaatatggttatttgttatcgacattcagtgtttttatttcacacaatggccaattccgaaaaaacaatctgggttctttttatcccactgtccataccaagttgatgtagcaagtaactactacacaaaatagtatattgtagccctttacatgcatccaatagattaagtggtcttcaatccaaggatgaaataagcaataacgtaggttccgataccaaattagcacaaaacaatgctaaatgcttttagaggaagtaaaccactcatttggttcttttacctataaacttgtgttcgcttgatgttctcaatattgtcaggctattttatagacttgaggagtaaacatttcttgatgacgttatcttctcctattgtgctagacataaaatacagtgtagcataacttgtgtactgtgagtttttttcaagtttttcttgatgctgcacaatagtatacaacaatcgtctattcagtcacacatggcacatcctcacatcaaacagaagttactttttatgatgttaatgtgtagtataacagcagaagctaaacggtagagggatacaggatactcgagtcaatatgaagttggggttccatggagtatttgaatcgaataaaacatcttgatgatcaatattggttttcatattgtttctataagctagtttcatatttttctagagaacctattattattttgcttcctgtcctcctcagaagattgacattctgtactggtagtgaatttgtgtttccctcataccctgtttgggagggtttcaacgtcagcttagtgcagtgctgcaaagtttaaactctatgaccagagcataagtatggcttaaggacttctgatgacaaagccatttttgaaacctgaagcctattttgatcaacttatgaacttatatggaaaaccagtttctgaaagaggccaaatatcaataaatggtgccttaatctcccttcagttttatagtttaccatatggatatttttcctgtactaagtgtttcttgcttgctggtcatgataatcctttatgctgttgagatgaaaatggtttctaaaattatgaaactgtgtgtttccccttacagtgatgataacattgacatgaatatagaggatatgatggttatggaagcgatttggcgttccattcaggttagtagttttctcactggtccttacatgagattattgataatatgcatatggcatactgtggataatattataaaagctgatttgttgggtcaggtaatggtttgtaaatgagctgcacaaaaatagattgttatttgcattgaacatgaaagtttgctaatctcctggcatgcttgttgaattcagagcattttgcgagttctgataaatgcaagatctagtctgcacaagcagaacctgtattgttaagtgttcaataataaaaaaaaatgtcaattaaattgttgagaagtgtattggcgatagtggataatgtaggatatgtttggtttgagggaccaacatcagttagttcatcattgcctcattcctcaggcacatgctagtggaaaaatgagtaatgcagtattcatgccaaaatcatcctagatggtgtgattcctcaaacaaaacaggccagtagatgatggggttggtaagataagttatctttttgtcattttacttgagcagtactgcgcttggcacaaaaatatttctggtcattttgtgagaacaagaggacttt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/>
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052949.1 RefSeq:Os02g0244100]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]</div>Fcgbean