RiceWiki - User contributions [en]

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T14:12:46Z

Ibplimin: /* References */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
'''''OsGA20ox1''''', encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice. Gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase (GA20ox) is a key enzyme that normally catalyzes the penultimate steps in GA biosynthesis<ref name="ref1" />.
===Mutation===
*Figure 1 shows the gross morphology of the wild type and mutant plants. A mutant, B142, tagged with a T-DNA containing three CaMV 35S promoters showed a tall, GA-overproduction phenotype.The integrated T-DNAs, which contain three CaMV 35S promoters, are located upstream of the OsGA20ox1 open reading frame (ORF) in the B142 mutant genome. The ﬁnal stature of the B142 mutant reﬂects internode overgrowth and is approximately twice that of its wild-type parent<ref name="ref1" />.
*Figure 2 shows a typical phenotype of a rice GA deﬁcient mutant at the young seedling stage. The GA-related mutants showed dwarﬁsm without the induction of additionally aberrantmorphology. The ﬁnal plant height of GA-deﬁcient mutants ranged widely between \5% and 90% of the wild-type plants. The leaf blades of the mutant plants became dark green, shorter, and wider than those of the wild-type plants<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Fig.1 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.1 B142 Mutant VS. WT.(From reference <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[[File:Fig.2 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.2 Typical phenotype of GA-deﬁcient rice dwarfmutants.(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Expression===
Semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that ''OsGA20ox1'' were expressed at different levels in various organs of wild-type rice(Fig. 3)<ref name="ref2" />. ''OsGA20ox1'' were simultaneously expressed in all vegetative organs of rice, and all ''OsGA20ox'' genes were expressed in the reproductive organs. This overlap expression pattern, accompanied with the feedback up-regulation of other GA biosynthetic enzymes by the homeostatic system<ref name="ref3" />, compensate the defect in OsGA20ox2 function in shoot elongation, and consequently the defect in ''OsGA20ox2/SD1'' induces suitable semidwarﬁsm of the rice height for useful breeding.
[[File:Fig.3 OsGA20ox1.jpg|down|thumb|250px|Fig.3 Expression of the OsGA20ox1 in various organs of the wild-type rice. Total RNAs were isolated from vegetative shoot apices (1), leaf sheaths (2), leaf blades (3), stems (4), roots (5), immature panicles (6), and panicles at ﬂowering time (7).(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Evolution===
Figure 4 shows that phylogenetic analysis of 2ODDs (GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) revealed that the GA20ox proteins from dicot plants shared higher amino acid identity each other (49%–80% identities) and formed a single group. ''OsGA20ox2'' showed higher similarity (61% identity) to ''OsGA20ox4'' than the other OsGA20ox proteins, and ''OsGA20ox2'' and ''OsGA20ox4'' formed one subgroup (36%–48% identities with dicot proteins), whereas ''OsGA20ox1'' and ''OsGA20ox3'' were separately located from the ''OsGA20ox2/OsGA20ox4'' subgroup (39%–54% and 39%–49% identities with dicot proteins, respectively)<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Fig.4 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.4 Phylogenetic relationships among GA metabolic 2ODDs GA20ox,GA3ox, and GA2ox.(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Knowledge Extension===
The GAs form a large family of tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that are involved in the regulation of various growth and developmental processes in higher plants. Bioactive GAs, such as GA1 and GA4,are synthesized from trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) as shown in Figure 5<ref name="ref4" />.
[[File:Fig.5 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.5 Principal pathway of GA metabolism in plants. GA13ox, GA 13-hydroxylase. <ref name="ref4" />).'']]

==Labs working on this gene==
* Laboratory of Bio-control, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
* Department of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Floricultural Science, 2-1, Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8519, Japan;
* Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan;
* Department of Rice Research, National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), 1-2-1, Inada, Jo-etsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
* Field Production Science Center, University of Tokyo, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo 188–0002, Japan
* Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464–8601, Japan
* BioResource Center, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0074, Japan
* Molecular Genetics Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8602, Japan.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Oikawa T, Koshioka M, Kojima K, et al. A role of OsGA20ox1, encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice[J]. Plant molecular biology, 2004, 55(5): 687-700.PMID 15604710</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Sakamoto T, Miura K, Itoh H, et al. An overview of gibberellin metabolism enzyme genes and their related mutants in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2004, 134(4): 1642-1653.PMID 15075394</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Hedden P, Phillips A L. Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes[J]. Trends in plant science, 2000, 5(12): 523-530.PMID 11120474</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P, Kamiya Y. GIBBERELLIN BIOSYNTHESIS: Enzymes, Genes and Their Regulation[J]. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol, 1997, 48: 431-60.PMID 15012270</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0856700|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 1 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 1) (GA 20-oxidase 1) (Os20ox)|
Version = NM_001058486.1 GI:115456700 GeneID:4334841|
Length = 1599 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0856700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:37001546..37003144|
CDS = 37001714..37002832|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSMVVQQEQEVVFDAAVLSGQTEIPSQFIWPAEESPGSVAVEEL EVALIDVGAGAERSSVVRQVGEACERHGFFLVVNHGIEAALLEEAHRCMDAFFTLPLG EKQRAQRRAGESCGYASSFTGRFASKLPWKETLSFRYSSAGDEEGEEGVGEYLVRKLG AEHGRRLGEVYSRYCHEMSRLSLELMEVLGESLGIVGDRRHYFRRFFQRNDSIMRLNY YPACQRPLDTLGTGPHCDPTSLTILHQDHVGGLEVWAEGRWRAIRPRPGALVVNVGDT FMALSNARYRSCLHRAVVNSTAPRRSLAFFLCPEMDTVVRPPEELVDDHHPRVYPDFT WRALLDFTQRHYRADMRTLQAFSDWLNHHRHLQPTIYS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>169..1287#ggtcgatccagctgctggggatgagtacttagttagctcggagctagctactaatggatgatatacttatgctagttagttaaatacagttattagttagttgtaggttgcatctatcatatctccatcggttaattaattgattgatagctagattatcaacaattaatgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctagctcctagtcctagctatatactcctattatccatccatccatccatcttacactactataccattagcatcgatcgatcatccattaattaattaattaattactagttccggcttagatatatatctggcgattatttcagttcctagctactcctacatgcatgctttgcttaattagatctatctatctaatctatcccggccggcctgttttaattccatatatcatttggtttgcacgtacccatctatgatctatatatacatgcatgtcgactattgttggtcgtacgatattatattatatata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001058486.1 RefSeq:Os03g0856700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T14:12:14Z

Ibplimin: /* References */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
'''''OsGA20ox1''''', encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice. Gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase (GA20ox) is a key enzyme that normally catalyzes the penultimate steps in GA biosynthesis<ref name="ref1" />.
===Mutation===
*Figure 1 shows the gross morphology of the wild type and mutant plants. A mutant, B142, tagged with a T-DNA containing three CaMV 35S promoters showed a tall, GA-overproduction phenotype.The integrated T-DNAs, which contain three CaMV 35S promoters, are located upstream of the OsGA20ox1 open reading frame (ORF) in the B142 mutant genome. The ﬁnal stature of the B142 mutant reﬂects internode overgrowth and is approximately twice that of its wild-type parent<ref name="ref1" />.
*Figure 2 shows a typical phenotype of a rice GA deﬁcient mutant at the young seedling stage. The GA-related mutants showed dwarﬁsm without the induction of additionally aberrantmorphology. The ﬁnal plant height of GA-deﬁcient mutants ranged widely between \5% and 90% of the wild-type plants. The leaf blades of the mutant plants became dark green, shorter, and wider than those of the wild-type plants<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Fig.1 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.1 B142 Mutant VS. WT.(From reference <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[[File:Fig.2 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.2 Typical phenotype of GA-deﬁcient rice dwarfmutants.(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Expression===
Semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that ''OsGA20ox1'' were expressed at different levels in various organs of wild-type rice(Fig. 3)<ref name="ref2" />. ''OsGA20ox1'' were simultaneously expressed in all vegetative organs of rice, and all ''OsGA20ox'' genes were expressed in the reproductive organs. This overlap expression pattern, accompanied with the feedback up-regulation of other GA biosynthetic enzymes by the homeostatic system<ref name="ref3" />, compensate the defect in OsGA20ox2 function in shoot elongation, and consequently the defect in ''OsGA20ox2/SD1'' induces suitable semidwarﬁsm of the rice height for useful breeding.
[[File:Fig.3 OsGA20ox1.jpg|down|thumb|250px|Fig.3 Expression of the OsGA20ox1 in various organs of the wild-type rice. Total RNAs were isolated from vegetative shoot apices (1), leaf sheaths (2), leaf blades (3), stems (4), roots (5), immature panicles (6), and panicles at ﬂowering time (7).(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Evolution===
Figure 4 shows that phylogenetic analysis of 2ODDs (GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) revealed that the GA20ox proteins from dicot plants shared higher amino acid identity each other (49%–80% identities) and formed a single group. ''OsGA20ox2'' showed higher similarity (61% identity) to ''OsGA20ox4'' than the other OsGA20ox proteins, and ''OsGA20ox2'' and ''OsGA20ox4'' formed one subgroup (36%–48% identities with dicot proteins), whereas ''OsGA20ox1'' and ''OsGA20ox3'' were separately located from the ''OsGA20ox2/OsGA20ox4'' subgroup (39%–54% and 39%–49% identities with dicot proteins, respectively)<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Fig.4 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.4 Phylogenetic relationships among GA metabolic 2ODDs GA20ox,GA3ox, and GA2ox.(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Knowledge Extension===
The GAs form a large family of tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that are involved in the regulation of various growth and developmental processes in higher plants. Bioactive GAs, such as GA1 and GA4,are synthesized from trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) as shown in Figure 5<ref name="ref4" />.
[[File:Fig.5 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.5 Principal pathway of GA metabolism in plants. GA13ox, GA 13-hydroxylase. <ref name="ref4" />).'']]

==Labs working on this gene==
* Laboratory of Bio-control, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
* Department of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Floricultural Science, 2-1, Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8519, Japan;
* Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan;
* Department of Rice Research, National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), 1-2-1, Inada, Jo-etsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
* Field Production Science Center, University of Tokyo, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo 188–0002, Japan
* Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464–8601, Japan
* BioResource Center, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0074, Japan
* Molecular Genetics Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8602, Japan.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Oikawa T, Koshioka M, Kojima K, et al. A role of OsGA20ox1, encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice[J]. Plant molecular biology, 2004, 55(5): 687-700.PMID: 15604710</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Sakamoto T, Miura K, Itoh H, et al. An overview of gibberellin metabolism enzyme genes and their related mutants in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2004, 134(4): 1642-1653.PMID: 15075394</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Hedden P, Phillips A L. Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes[J]. Trends in plant science, 2000, 5(12): 523-530.PMID: 11120474</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P, Kamiya Y. GIBBERELLIN BIOSYNTHESIS: Enzymes, Genes and Their Regulation[J]. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol, 1997, 48: 431-60.PMID: 15012270</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0856700|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 1 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 1) (GA 20-oxidase 1) (Os20ox)|
Version = NM_001058486.1 GI:115456700 GeneID:4334841|
Length = 1599 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0856700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:37001546..37003144|
CDS = 37001714..37002832|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSMVVQQEQEVVFDAAVLSGQTEIPSQFIWPAEESPGSVAVEEL EVALIDVGAGAERSSVVRQVGEACERHGFFLVVNHGIEAALLEEAHRCMDAFFTLPLG EKQRAQRRAGESCGYASSFTGRFASKLPWKETLSFRYSSAGDEEGEEGVGEYLVRKLG AEHGRRLGEVYSRYCHEMSRLSLELMEVLGESLGIVGDRRHYFRRFFQRNDSIMRLNY YPACQRPLDTLGTGPHCDPTSLTILHQDHVGGLEVWAEGRWRAIRPRPGALVVNVGDT FMALSNARYRSCLHRAVVNSTAPRRSLAFFLCPEMDTVVRPPEELVDDHHPRVYPDFT WRALLDFTQRHYRADMRTLQAFSDWLNHHRHLQPTIYS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>169..1287#ggtcgatccagctgctggggatgagtacttagttagctcggagctagctactaatggatgatatacttatgctagttagttaaatacagttattagttagttgtaggttgcatctatcatatctccatcggttaattaattgattgatagctagattatcaacaattaatgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctagctcctagtcctagctatatactcctattatccatccatccatccatcttacactactataccattagcatcgatcgatcatccattaattaattaattaattactagttccggcttagatatatatctggcgattatttcagttcctagctactcctacatgcatgctttgcttaattagatctatctatctaatctatcccggccggcctgttttaattccatatatcatttggtttgcacgtacccatctatgatctatatatacatgcatgtcgactattgttggtcgtacgatattatattatatata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001058486.1 RefSeq:Os03g0856700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

File:Fig.5 OsGA20ox1.jpg

2014-05-21T14:07:54Z

Ibplimin:

File:Fig.4 OsGA20ox1.jpg

2014-05-21T14:07:36Z

Ibplimin:

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T14:07:24Z

Ibplimin: /* Knowledge Extension */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
'''''OsGA20ox1''''', encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice. Gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase (GA20ox) is a key enzyme that normally catalyzes the penultimate steps in GA biosynthesis<ref name="ref1" />.
===Mutation===
*Figure 1 shows the gross morphology of the wild type and mutant plants. A mutant, B142, tagged with a T-DNA containing three CaMV 35S promoters showed a tall, GA-overproduction phenotype.The integrated T-DNAs, which contain three CaMV 35S promoters, are located upstream of the OsGA20ox1 open reading frame (ORF) in the B142 mutant genome. The ﬁnal stature of the B142 mutant reﬂects internode overgrowth and is approximately twice that of its wild-type parent<ref name="ref1" />.
*Figure 2 shows a typical phenotype of a rice GA deﬁcient mutant at the young seedling stage. The GA-related mutants showed dwarﬁsm without the induction of additionally aberrantmorphology. The ﬁnal plant height of GA-deﬁcient mutants ranged widely between \5% and 90% of the wild-type plants. The leaf blades of the mutant plants became dark green, shorter, and wider than those of the wild-type plants<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Fig.1 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.1 B142 Mutant VS. WT.(From reference <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[[File:Fig.2 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.2 Typical phenotype of GA-deﬁcient rice dwarfmutants.(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Expression===
Semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that ''OsGA20ox1'' were expressed at different levels in various organs of wild-type rice(Fig. 3)<ref name="ref2" />. ''OsGA20ox1'' were simultaneously expressed in all vegetative organs of rice, and all ''OsGA20ox'' genes were expressed in the reproductive organs. This overlap expression pattern, accompanied with the feedback up-regulation of other GA biosynthetic enzymes by the homeostatic system<ref name="ref3" />, compensate the defect in OsGA20ox2 function in shoot elongation, and consequently the defect in ''OsGA20ox2/SD1'' induces suitable semidwarﬁsm of the rice height for useful breeding.
[[File:Fig.3 OsGA20ox1.jpg|down|thumb|250px|Fig.3 Expression of the OsGA20ox1 in various organs of the wild-type rice. Total RNAs were isolated from vegetative shoot apices (1), leaf sheaths (2), leaf blades (3), stems (4), roots (5), immature panicles (6), and panicles at ﬂowering time (7).(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Evolution===
Figure 4 shows that phylogenetic analysis of 2ODDs (GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) revealed that the GA20ox proteins from dicot plants shared higher amino acid identity each other (49%–80% identities) and formed a single group. ''OsGA20ox2'' showed higher similarity (61% identity) to ''OsGA20ox4'' than the other OsGA20ox proteins, and ''OsGA20ox2'' and ''OsGA20ox4'' formed one subgroup (36%–48% identities with dicot proteins), whereas ''OsGA20ox1'' and ''OsGA20ox3'' were separately located from the ''OsGA20ox2/OsGA20ox4'' subgroup (39%–54% and 39%–49% identities with dicot proteins, respectively)<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Fig.4 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.4 Phylogenetic relationships among GA metabolic 2ODDs GA20ox,GA3ox, and GA2ox.(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Knowledge Extension===
The GAs form a large family of tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that are involved in the regulation of various growth and developmental processes in higher plants. Bioactive GAs, such as GA1 and GA4,are synthesized from trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) as shown in Figure 5<ref name="ref4" />.
[[File:Fig.5 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.5 Principal pathway of GA metabolism in plants. GA13ox, GA 13-hydroxylase. <ref name="ref4" />).'']]

==Labs working on this gene==
* Laboratory of Bio-control, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
* Department of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Floricultural Science, 2-1, Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8519, Japan;
* Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan;
* Department of Rice Research, National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), 1-2-1, Inada, Jo-etsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
* Field Production Science Center, University of Tokyo, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo 188–0002, Japan
* Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464–8601, Japan
* BioResource Center, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0074, Japan
* Molecular Genetics Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8602, Japan.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Oikawa T, Koshioka M, Kojima K, et al. A role of OsGA20ox1, encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice[J]. Plant molecular biology, 2004, 55(5): 687-700.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Sakamoto T, Miura K, Itoh H, et al. An overview of gibberellin metabolism enzyme genes and their related mutants in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2004, 134(4): 1642-1653.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Hedden P, Phillips A L. Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes[J]. Trends in plant science, 2000, 5(12): 523-530.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P, Kamiya Y. GIBBERELLIN BIOSYNTHESIS: Enzymes, Genes and Their Regulation[J]. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol, 1997, 48: 431-60.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0856700|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 1 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 1) (GA 20-oxidase 1) (Os20ox)|
Version = NM_001058486.1 GI:115456700 GeneID:4334841|
Length = 1599 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0856700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:37001546..37003144|
CDS = 37001714..37002832|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSMVVQQEQEVVFDAAVLSGQTEIPSQFIWPAEESPGSVAVEEL EVALIDVGAGAERSSVVRQVGEACERHGFFLVVNHGIEAALLEEAHRCMDAFFTLPLG EKQRAQRRAGESCGYASSFTGRFASKLPWKETLSFRYSSAGDEEGEEGVGEYLVRKLG AEHGRRLGEVYSRYCHEMSRLSLELMEVLGESLGIVGDRRHYFRRFFQRNDSIMRLNY YPACQRPLDTLGTGPHCDPTSLTILHQDHVGGLEVWAEGRWRAIRPRPGALVVNVGDT FMALSNARYRSCLHRAVVNSTAPRRSLAFFLCPEMDTVVRPPEELVDDHHPRVYPDFT WRALLDFTQRHYRADMRTLQAFSDWLNHHRHLQPTIYS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>169..1287#ggtcgatccagctgctggggatgagtacttagttagctcggagctagctactaatggatgatatacttatgctagttagttaaatacagttattagttagttgtaggttgcatctatcatatctccatcggttaattaattgattgatagctagattatcaacaattaatgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctagctcctagtcctagctatatactcctattatccatccatccatccatcttacactactataccattagcatcgatcgatcatccattaattaattaattaattactagttccggcttagatatatatctggcgattatttcagttcctagctactcctacatgcatgctttgcttaattagatctatctatctaatctatcccggccggcctgttttaattccatatatcatttggtttgcacgtacccatctatgatctatatatacatgcatgtcgactattgttggtcgtacgatattatattatatata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001058486.1 RefSeq:Os03g0856700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T14:06:31Z

Ibplimin: /* Evolution */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
'''''OsGA20ox1''''', encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice. Gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase (GA20ox) is a key enzyme that normally catalyzes the penultimate steps in GA biosynthesis<ref name="ref1" />.
===Mutation===
*Figure 1 shows the gross morphology of the wild type and mutant plants. A mutant, B142, tagged with a T-DNA containing three CaMV 35S promoters showed a tall, GA-overproduction phenotype.The integrated T-DNAs, which contain three CaMV 35S promoters, are located upstream of the OsGA20ox1 open reading frame (ORF) in the B142 mutant genome. The ﬁnal stature of the B142 mutant reﬂects internode overgrowth and is approximately twice that of its wild-type parent<ref name="ref1" />.
*Figure 2 shows a typical phenotype of a rice GA deﬁcient mutant at the young seedling stage. The GA-related mutants showed dwarﬁsm without the induction of additionally aberrantmorphology. The ﬁnal plant height of GA-deﬁcient mutants ranged widely between \5% and 90% of the wild-type plants. The leaf blades of the mutant plants became dark green, shorter, and wider than those of the wild-type plants<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Fig.1 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.1 B142 Mutant VS. WT.(From reference <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[[File:Fig.2 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.2 Typical phenotype of GA-deﬁcient rice dwarfmutants.(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Expression===
Semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that ''OsGA20ox1'' were expressed at different levels in various organs of wild-type rice(Fig. 3)<ref name="ref2" />. ''OsGA20ox1'' were simultaneously expressed in all vegetative organs of rice, and all ''OsGA20ox'' genes were expressed in the reproductive organs. This overlap expression pattern, accompanied with the feedback up-regulation of other GA biosynthetic enzymes by the homeostatic system<ref name="ref3" />, compensate the defect in OsGA20ox2 function in shoot elongation, and consequently the defect in ''OsGA20ox2/SD1'' induces suitable semidwarﬁsm of the rice height for useful breeding.
[[File:Fig.3 OsGA20ox1.jpg|down|thumb|250px|Fig.3 Expression of the OsGA20ox1 in various organs of the wild-type rice. Total RNAs were isolated from vegetative shoot apices (1), leaf sheaths (2), leaf blades (3), stems (4), roots (5), immature panicles (6), and panicles at ﬂowering time (7).(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Evolution===
Figure 4 shows that phylogenetic analysis of 2ODDs (GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) revealed that the GA20ox proteins from dicot plants shared higher amino acid identity each other (49%–80% identities) and formed a single group. ''OsGA20ox2'' showed higher similarity (61% identity) to ''OsGA20ox4'' than the other OsGA20ox proteins, and ''OsGA20ox2'' and ''OsGA20ox4'' formed one subgroup (36%–48% identities with dicot proteins), whereas ''OsGA20ox1'' and ''OsGA20ox3'' were separately located from the ''OsGA20ox2/OsGA20ox4'' subgroup (39%–54% and 39%–49% identities with dicot proteins, respectively)<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Fig.4 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.4 Phylogenetic relationships among GA metabolic 2ODDs GA20ox,GA3ox, and GA2ox.(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Knowledge Extension===
The GAs form a large family of tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that are involved in the regulation of various growth and developmental processes in higher plants. Bioactive GAs, such as GA1 and GA4,are synthesized from trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) as shown in Figure 5<ref name="ref4" />.

==Labs working on this gene==
* Laboratory of Bio-control, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
* Department of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Floricultural Science, 2-1, Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8519, Japan;
* Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan;
* Department of Rice Research, National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), 1-2-1, Inada, Jo-etsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
* Field Production Science Center, University of Tokyo, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo 188–0002, Japan
* Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464–8601, Japan
* BioResource Center, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0074, Japan
* Molecular Genetics Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8602, Japan.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Oikawa T, Koshioka M, Kojima K, et al. A role of OsGA20ox1, encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice[J]. Plant molecular biology, 2004, 55(5): 687-700.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Sakamoto T, Miura K, Itoh H, et al. An overview of gibberellin metabolism enzyme genes and their related mutants in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2004, 134(4): 1642-1653.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Hedden P, Phillips A L. Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes[J]. Trends in plant science, 2000, 5(12): 523-530.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P, Kamiya Y. GIBBERELLIN BIOSYNTHESIS: Enzymes, Genes and Their Regulation[J]. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol, 1997, 48: 431-60.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0856700|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 1 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 1) (GA 20-oxidase 1) (Os20ox)|
Version = NM_001058486.1 GI:115456700 GeneID:4334841|
Length = 1599 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0856700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:37001546..37003144|
CDS = 37001714..37002832|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSMVVQQEQEVVFDAAVLSGQTEIPSQFIWPAEESPGSVAVEEL EVALIDVGAGAERSSVVRQVGEACERHGFFLVVNHGIEAALLEEAHRCMDAFFTLPLG EKQRAQRRAGESCGYASSFTGRFASKLPWKETLSFRYSSAGDEEGEEGVGEYLVRKLG AEHGRRLGEVYSRYCHEMSRLSLELMEVLGESLGIVGDRRHYFRRFFQRNDSIMRLNY YPACQRPLDTLGTGPHCDPTSLTILHQDHVGGLEVWAEGRWRAIRPRPGALVVNVGDT FMALSNARYRSCLHRAVVNSTAPRRSLAFFLCPEMDTVVRPPEELVDDHHPRVYPDFT WRALLDFTQRHYRADMRTLQAFSDWLNHHRHLQPTIYS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>169..1287#ggtcgatccagctgctggggatgagtacttagttagctcggagctagctactaatggatgatatacttatgctagttagttaaatacagttattagttagttgtaggttgcatctatcatatctccatcggttaattaattgattgatagctagattatcaacaattaatgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctagctcctagtcctagctatatactcctattatccatccatccatccatcttacactactataccattagcatcgatcgatcatccattaattaattaattaattactagttccggcttagatatatatctggcgattatttcagttcctagctactcctacatgcatgctttgcttaattagatctatctatctaatctatcccggccggcctgttttaattccatatatcatttggtttgcacgtacccatctatgatctatatatacatgcatgtcgactattgttggtcgtacgatattatattatatata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001058486.1 RefSeq:Os03g0856700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

File:Fig.3 OsGA20ox1.jpg

2014-05-21T14:04:48Z

Ibplimin:

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T14:04:20Z

Ibplimin: /* Expression */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
'''''OsGA20ox1''''', encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice. Gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase (GA20ox) is a key enzyme that normally catalyzes the penultimate steps in GA biosynthesis<ref name="ref1" />.
===Mutation===
*Figure 1 shows the gross morphology of the wild type and mutant plants. A mutant, B142, tagged with a T-DNA containing three CaMV 35S promoters showed a tall, GA-overproduction phenotype.The integrated T-DNAs, which contain three CaMV 35S promoters, are located upstream of the OsGA20ox1 open reading frame (ORF) in the B142 mutant genome. The ﬁnal stature of the B142 mutant reﬂects internode overgrowth and is approximately twice that of its wild-type parent<ref name="ref1" />.
*Figure 2 shows a typical phenotype of a rice GA deﬁcient mutant at the young seedling stage. The GA-related mutants showed dwarﬁsm without the induction of additionally aberrantmorphology. The ﬁnal plant height of GA-deﬁcient mutants ranged widely between \5% and 90% of the wild-type plants. The leaf blades of the mutant plants became dark green, shorter, and wider than those of the wild-type plants<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Fig.1 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.1 B142 Mutant VS. WT.(From reference <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[[File:Fig.2 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.2 Typical phenotype of GA-deﬁcient rice dwarfmutants.(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Expression===
Semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that ''OsGA20ox1'' were expressed at different levels in various organs of wild-type rice(Fig. 3)<ref name="ref2" />. ''OsGA20ox1'' were simultaneously expressed in all vegetative organs of rice, and all ''OsGA20ox'' genes were expressed in the reproductive organs. This overlap expression pattern, accompanied with the feedback up-regulation of other GA biosynthetic enzymes by the homeostatic system<ref name="ref3" />, compensate the defect in OsGA20ox2 function in shoot elongation, and consequently the defect in ''OsGA20ox2/SD1'' induces suitable semidwarﬁsm of the rice height for useful breeding.
[[File:Fig.3 OsGA20ox1.jpg|down|thumb|250px|Fig.3 Expression of the OsGA20ox1 in various organs of the wild-type rice. Total RNAs were isolated from vegetative shoot apices (1), leaf sheaths (2), leaf blades (3), stems (4), roots (5), immature panicles (6), and panicles at ﬂowering time (7).(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Evolution===
Figure 4 shows that phylogenetic analysis of 2ODDs (GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) revealed that the GA20ox proteins from dicot plants shared higher amino acid identity each other (49%–80% identities) and formed a single group. ''OsGA20ox2'' showed higher similarity (61% identity) to ''OsGA20ox4'' than the other OsGA20ox proteins, and ''OsGA20ox2'' and ''OsGA20ox4'' formed one subgroup (36%–48% identities with dicot proteins), whereas ''OsGA20ox1'' and ''OsGA20ox3'' were separately located from the ''OsGA20ox2/OsGA20ox4'' subgroup (39%–54% and 39%–49% identities with dicot proteins, respectively)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===
The GAs form a large family of tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that are involved in the regulation of various growth and developmental processes in higher plants. Bioactive GAs, such as GA1 and GA4,are synthesized from trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) as shown in Figure 5<ref name="ref4" />.

==Labs working on this gene==
* Laboratory of Bio-control, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
* Department of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Floricultural Science, 2-1, Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8519, Japan;
* Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan;
* Department of Rice Research, National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), 1-2-1, Inada, Jo-etsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
* Field Production Science Center, University of Tokyo, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo 188–0002, Japan
* Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464–8601, Japan
* BioResource Center, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0074, Japan
* Molecular Genetics Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8602, Japan.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Oikawa T, Koshioka M, Kojima K, et al. A role of OsGA20ox1, encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice[J]. Plant molecular biology, 2004, 55(5): 687-700.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Sakamoto T, Miura K, Itoh H, et al. An overview of gibberellin metabolism enzyme genes and their related mutants in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2004, 134(4): 1642-1653.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Hedden P, Phillips A L. Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes[J]. Trends in plant science, 2000, 5(12): 523-530.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P, Kamiya Y. GIBBERELLIN BIOSYNTHESIS: Enzymes, Genes and Their Regulation[J]. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol, 1997, 48: 431-60.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0856700|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 1 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 1) (GA 20-oxidase 1) (Os20ox)|
Version = NM_001058486.1 GI:115456700 GeneID:4334841|
Length = 1599 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0856700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:37001546..37003144|
CDS = 37001714..37002832|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSMVVQQEQEVVFDAAVLSGQTEIPSQFIWPAEESPGSVAVEEL EVALIDVGAGAERSSVVRQVGEACERHGFFLVVNHGIEAALLEEAHRCMDAFFTLPLG EKQRAQRRAGESCGYASSFTGRFASKLPWKETLSFRYSSAGDEEGEEGVGEYLVRKLG AEHGRRLGEVYSRYCHEMSRLSLELMEVLGESLGIVGDRRHYFRRFFQRNDSIMRLNY YPACQRPLDTLGTGPHCDPTSLTILHQDHVGGLEVWAEGRWRAIRPRPGALVVNVGDT FMALSNARYRSCLHRAVVNSTAPRRSLAFFLCPEMDTVVRPPEELVDDHHPRVYPDFT WRALLDFTQRHYRADMRTLQAFSDWLNHHRHLQPTIYS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>169..1287#ggtcgatccagctgctggggatgagtacttagttagctcggagctagctactaatggatgatatacttatgctagttagttaaatacagttattagttagttgtaggttgcatctatcatatctccatcggttaattaattgattgatagctagattatcaacaattaatgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctagctcctagtcctagctatatactcctattatccatccatccatccatcttacactactataccattagcatcgatcgatcatccattaattaattaattaattactagttccggcttagatatatatctggcgattatttcagttcctagctactcctacatgcatgctttgcttaattagatctatctatctaatctatcccggccggcctgttttaattccatatatcatttggtttgcacgtacccatctatgatctatatatacatgcatgtcgactattgttggtcgtacgatattatattatatata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001058486.1 RefSeq:Os03g0856700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

File:Fig.2 OsGA20ox1.jpg

2014-05-21T14:00:28Z

Ibplimin:

File:Fig.1 OsGA20ox1.jpg

2014-05-21T13:58:49Z

Ibplimin:

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T13:58:26Z

Ibplimin: /* Mutation */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
'''''OsGA20ox1''''', encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice. Gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase (GA20ox) is a key enzyme that normally catalyzes the penultimate steps in GA biosynthesis<ref name="ref1" />.
===Mutation===
*Figure 1 shows the gross morphology of the wild type and mutant plants. A mutant, B142, tagged with a T-DNA containing three CaMV 35S promoters showed a tall, GA-overproduction phenotype.The integrated T-DNAs, which contain three CaMV 35S promoters, are located upstream of the OsGA20ox1 open reading frame (ORF) in the B142 mutant genome. The ﬁnal stature of the B142 mutant reﬂects internode overgrowth and is approximately twice that of its wild-type parent<ref name="ref1" />.
*Figure 2 shows a typical phenotype of a rice GA deﬁcient mutant at the young seedling stage. The GA-related mutants showed dwarﬁsm without the induction of additionally aberrantmorphology. The ﬁnal plant height of GA-deﬁcient mutants ranged widely between \5% and 90% of the wild-type plants. The leaf blades of the mutant plants became dark green, shorter, and wider than those of the wild-type plants<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Fig.1 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.1 B142 Mutant VS. WT.(From reference <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[[File:Fig.2 OsGA20ox1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Fig.2 Typical phenotype of GA-deﬁcient rice dwarfmutants.(From reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

===Expression===
Semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that ''OsGA20ox1'' were expressed at different levels in various organs of wild-type rice(Fig. 3)<ref name="ref2" />. ''OsGA20ox1'' were simultaneously expressed in all vegetative organs of rice, and all ''OsGA20ox'' genes were expressed in the reproductive organs. This overlap expression pattern, accompanied with the feedback up-regulation of other GA biosynthetic enzymes by the homeostatic system<ref name="ref3" />, compensate the defect in OsGA20ox2 function in shoot elongation, and consequently the defect in ''OsGA20ox2/SD1'' induces suitable semidwarﬁsm of the rice height for useful breeding.

===Evolution===
Figure 4 shows that phylogenetic analysis of 2ODDs (GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) revealed that the GA20ox proteins from dicot plants shared higher amino acid identity each other (49%–80% identities) and formed a single group. ''OsGA20ox2'' showed higher similarity (61% identity) to ''OsGA20ox4'' than the other OsGA20ox proteins, and ''OsGA20ox2'' and ''OsGA20ox4'' formed one subgroup (36%–48% identities with dicot proteins), whereas ''OsGA20ox1'' and ''OsGA20ox3'' were separately located from the ''OsGA20ox2/OsGA20ox4'' subgroup (39%–54% and 39%–49% identities with dicot proteins, respectively)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===
The GAs form a large family of tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that are involved in the regulation of various growth and developmental processes in higher plants. Bioactive GAs, such as GA1 and GA4,are synthesized from trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) as shown in Figure 5<ref name="ref4" />.

==Labs working on this gene==
* Laboratory of Bio-control, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
* Department of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Floricultural Science, 2-1, Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8519, Japan;
* Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan;
* Department of Rice Research, National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), 1-2-1, Inada, Jo-etsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
* Field Production Science Center, University of Tokyo, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo 188–0002, Japan
* Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464–8601, Japan
* BioResource Center, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0074, Japan
* Molecular Genetics Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8602, Japan.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Oikawa T, Koshioka M, Kojima K, et al. A role of OsGA20ox1, encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice[J]. Plant molecular biology, 2004, 55(5): 687-700.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Sakamoto T, Miura K, Itoh H, et al. An overview of gibberellin metabolism enzyme genes and their related mutants in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2004, 134(4): 1642-1653.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Hedden P, Phillips A L. Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes[J]. Trends in plant science, 2000, 5(12): 523-530.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P, Kamiya Y. GIBBERELLIN BIOSYNTHESIS: Enzymes, Genes and Their Regulation[J]. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol, 1997, 48: 431-60.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0856700|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 1 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 1) (GA 20-oxidase 1) (Os20ox)|
Version = NM_001058486.1 GI:115456700 GeneID:4334841|
Length = 1599 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0856700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:37001546..37003144|
CDS = 37001714..37002832|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSMVVQQEQEVVFDAAVLSGQTEIPSQFIWPAEESPGSVAVEEL EVALIDVGAGAERSSVVRQVGEACERHGFFLVVNHGIEAALLEEAHRCMDAFFTLPLG EKQRAQRRAGESCGYASSFTGRFASKLPWKETLSFRYSSAGDEEGEEGVGEYLVRKLG AEHGRRLGEVYSRYCHEMSRLSLELMEVLGESLGIVGDRRHYFRRFFQRNDSIMRLNY YPACQRPLDTLGTGPHCDPTSLTILHQDHVGGLEVWAEGRWRAIRPRPGALVVNVGDT FMALSNARYRSCLHRAVVNSTAPRRSLAFFLCPEMDTVVRPPEELVDDHHPRVYPDFT WRALLDFTQRHYRADMRTLQAFSDWLNHHRHLQPTIYS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>169..1287#ggtcgatccagctgctggggatgagtacttagttagctcggagctagctactaatggatgatatacttatgctagttagttaaatacagttattagttagttgtaggttgcatctatcatatctccatcggttaattaattgattgatagctagattatcaacaattaatgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctagctcctagtcctagctatatactcctattatccatccatccatccatcttacactactataccattagcatcgatcgatcatccattaattaattaattaattactagttccggcttagatatatatctggcgattatttcagttcctagctactcctacatgcatgctttgcttaattagatctatctatctaatctatcccggccggcctgttttaattccatatatcatttggtttgcacgtacccatctatgatctatatatacatgcatgtcgactattgttggtcgtacgatattatattatatata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001058486.1 RefSeq:Os03g0856700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T13:53:21Z

Ibplimin: /* References */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
'''''OsGA20ox1''''', encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice. Gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase (GA20ox) is a key enzyme that normally catalyzes the penultimate steps in GA biosynthesis<ref name="ref1" />.
===Mutation===
*Figure 1 shows the gross morphology of the wild type and mutant plants. A mutant, B142, tagged with a T-DNA containing three CaMV 35S promoters showed a tall, GA-overproduction phenotype.The integrated T-DNAs, which contain three CaMV 35S promoters, are located upstream of the OsGA20ox1 open reading frame (ORF) in the B142 mutant genome. The ﬁnal stature of the B142 mutant reﬂects internode overgrowth and is approximately twice that of its wild-type parent<ref name="ref1" />.
*Figure 2 shows a typical phenotype of a rice GA deﬁcient mutant at the young seedling stage. The GA-related mutants showed dwarﬁsm without the induction of additionally aberrantmorphology. The ﬁnal plant height of GA-deﬁcient mutants ranged widely between \5% and 90% of the wild-type plants. The leaf blades of the mutant plants became dark green, shorter, and wider than those of the wild-type plants<ref name="ref2" />.

===Expression===
Semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that ''OsGA20ox1'' were expressed at different levels in various organs of wild-type rice(Fig. 3)<ref name="ref2" />. ''OsGA20ox1'' were simultaneously expressed in all vegetative organs of rice, and all ''OsGA20ox'' genes were expressed in the reproductive organs. This overlap expression pattern, accompanied with the feedback up-regulation of other GA biosynthetic enzymes by the homeostatic system<ref name="ref3" />, compensate the defect in OsGA20ox2 function in shoot elongation, and consequently the defect in ''OsGA20ox2/SD1'' induces suitable semidwarﬁsm of the rice height for useful breeding.

===Evolution===
Figure 4 shows that phylogenetic analysis of 2ODDs (GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) revealed that the GA20ox proteins from dicot plants shared higher amino acid identity each other (49%–80% identities) and formed a single group. ''OsGA20ox2'' showed higher similarity (61% identity) to ''OsGA20ox4'' than the other OsGA20ox proteins, and ''OsGA20ox2'' and ''OsGA20ox4'' formed one subgroup (36%–48% identities with dicot proteins), whereas ''OsGA20ox1'' and ''OsGA20ox3'' were separately located from the ''OsGA20ox2/OsGA20ox4'' subgroup (39%–54% and 39%–49% identities with dicot proteins, respectively)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===
The GAs form a large family of tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that are involved in the regulation of various growth and developmental processes in higher plants. Bioactive GAs, such as GA1 and GA4,are synthesized from trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) as shown in Figure 5<ref name="ref4" />.

==Labs working on this gene==
* Laboratory of Bio-control, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
* Department of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Floricultural Science, 2-1, Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8519, Japan;
* Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan;
* Department of Rice Research, National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), 1-2-1, Inada, Jo-etsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
* Field Production Science Center, University of Tokyo, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo 188–0002, Japan
* Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464–8601, Japan
* BioResource Center, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0074, Japan
* Molecular Genetics Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8602, Japan.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Oikawa T, Koshioka M, Kojima K, et al. A role of OsGA20ox1, encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice[J]. Plant molecular biology, 2004, 55(5): 687-700.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Sakamoto T, Miura K, Itoh H, et al. An overview of gibberellin metabolism enzyme genes and their related mutants in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2004, 134(4): 1642-1653.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Hedden P, Phillips A L. Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes[J]. Trends in plant science, 2000, 5(12): 523-530.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P, Kamiya Y. GIBBERELLIN BIOSYNTHESIS: Enzymes, Genes and Their Regulation[J]. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol, 1997, 48: 431-60.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0856700|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 1 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 1) (GA 20-oxidase 1) (Os20ox)|
Version = NM_001058486.1 GI:115456700 GeneID:4334841|
Length = 1599 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0856700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:37001546..37003144|
CDS = 37001714..37002832|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSMVVQQEQEVVFDAAVLSGQTEIPSQFIWPAEESPGSVAVEEL EVALIDVGAGAERSSVVRQVGEACERHGFFLVVNHGIEAALLEEAHRCMDAFFTLPLG EKQRAQRRAGESCGYASSFTGRFASKLPWKETLSFRYSSAGDEEGEEGVGEYLVRKLG AEHGRRLGEVYSRYCHEMSRLSLELMEVLGESLGIVGDRRHYFRRFFQRNDSIMRLNY YPACQRPLDTLGTGPHCDPTSLTILHQDHVGGLEVWAEGRWRAIRPRPGALVVNVGDT FMALSNARYRSCLHRAVVNSTAPRRSLAFFLCPEMDTVVRPPEELVDDHHPRVYPDFT WRALLDFTQRHYRADMRTLQAFSDWLNHHRHLQPTIYS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>169..1287#ggtcgatccagctgctggggatgagtacttagttagctcggagctagctactaatggatgatatacttatgctagttagttaaatacagttattagttagttgtaggttgcatctatcatatctccatcggttaattaattgattgatagctagattatcaacaattaatgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctagctcctagtcctagctatatactcctattatccatccatccatccatcttacactactataccattagcatcgatcgatcatccattaattaattaattaattactagttccggcttagatatatatctggcgattatttcagttcctagctactcctacatgcatgctttgcttaattagatctatctatctaatctatcccggccggcctgttttaattccatatatcatttggtttgcacgtacccatctatgatctatatatacatgcatgtcgactattgttggtcgtacgatattatattatatata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001058486.1 RefSeq:Os03g0856700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T13:50:04Z

Ibplimin: /* Labs working on this gene */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
'''''OsGA20ox1''''', encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice. Gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase (GA20ox) is a key enzyme that normally catalyzes the penultimate steps in GA biosynthesis<ref name="ref1" />.
===Mutation===
*Figure 1 shows the gross morphology of the wild type and mutant plants. A mutant, B142, tagged with a T-DNA containing three CaMV 35S promoters showed a tall, GA-overproduction phenotype.The integrated T-DNAs, which contain three CaMV 35S promoters, are located upstream of the OsGA20ox1 open reading frame (ORF) in the B142 mutant genome. The ﬁnal stature of the B142 mutant reﬂects internode overgrowth and is approximately twice that of its wild-type parent<ref name="ref1" />.
*Figure 2 shows a typical phenotype of a rice GA deﬁcient mutant at the young seedling stage. The GA-related mutants showed dwarﬁsm without the induction of additionally aberrantmorphology. The ﬁnal plant height of GA-deﬁcient mutants ranged widely between \5% and 90% of the wild-type plants. The leaf blades of the mutant plants became dark green, shorter, and wider than those of the wild-type plants<ref name="ref2" />.

===Expression===
Semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that ''OsGA20ox1'' were expressed at different levels in various organs of wild-type rice(Fig. 3)<ref name="ref2" />. ''OsGA20ox1'' were simultaneously expressed in all vegetative organs of rice, and all ''OsGA20ox'' genes were expressed in the reproductive organs. This overlap expression pattern, accompanied with the feedback up-regulation of other GA biosynthetic enzymes by the homeostatic system<ref name="ref3" />, compensate the defect in OsGA20ox2 function in shoot elongation, and consequently the defect in ''OsGA20ox2/SD1'' induces suitable semidwarﬁsm of the rice height for useful breeding.

===Evolution===
Figure 4 shows that phylogenetic analysis of 2ODDs (GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) revealed that the GA20ox proteins from dicot plants shared higher amino acid identity each other (49%–80% identities) and formed a single group. ''OsGA20ox2'' showed higher similarity (61% identity) to ''OsGA20ox4'' than the other OsGA20ox proteins, and ''OsGA20ox2'' and ''OsGA20ox4'' formed one subgroup (36%–48% identities with dicot proteins), whereas ''OsGA20ox1'' and ''OsGA20ox3'' were separately located from the ''OsGA20ox2/OsGA20ox4'' subgroup (39%–54% and 39%–49% identities with dicot proteins, respectively)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===
The GAs form a large family of tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that are involved in the regulation of various growth and developmental processes in higher plants. Bioactive GAs, such as GA1 and GA4,are synthesized from trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) as shown in Figure 5<ref name="ref4" />.

==Labs working on this gene==
* Laboratory of Bio-control, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
* Department of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Floricultural Science, 2-1, Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8519, Japan;
* Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan;
* Department of Rice Research, National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), 1-2-1, Inada, Jo-etsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
* Field Production Science Center, University of Tokyo, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo 188–0002, Japan
* Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464–8601, Japan
* BioResource Center, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0074, Japan
* Molecular Genetics Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8602, Japan.

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0856700|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 1 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 1) (GA 20-oxidase 1) (Os20ox)|
Version = NM_001058486.1 GI:115456700 GeneID:4334841|
Length = 1599 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0856700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:37001546..37003144|
CDS = 37001714..37002832|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSMVVQQEQEVVFDAAVLSGQTEIPSQFIWPAEESPGSVAVEEL EVALIDVGAGAERSSVVRQVGEACERHGFFLVVNHGIEAALLEEAHRCMDAFFTLPLG EKQRAQRRAGESCGYASSFTGRFASKLPWKETLSFRYSSAGDEEGEEGVGEYLVRKLG AEHGRRLGEVYSRYCHEMSRLSLELMEVLGESLGIVGDRRHYFRRFFQRNDSIMRLNY YPACQRPLDTLGTGPHCDPTSLTILHQDHVGGLEVWAEGRWRAIRPRPGALVVNVGDT FMALSNARYRSCLHRAVVNSTAPRRSLAFFLCPEMDTVVRPPEELVDDHHPRVYPDFT WRALLDFTQRHYRADMRTLQAFSDWLNHHRHLQPTIYS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>169..1287#ggtcgatccagctgctggggatgagtacttagttagctcggagctagctactaatggatgatatacttatgctagttagttaaatacagttattagttagttgtaggttgcatctatcatatctccatcggttaattaattgattgatagctagattatcaacaattaatgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctagctcctagtcctagctatatactcctattatccatccatccatccatcttacactactataccattagcatcgatcgatcatccattaattaattaattaattactagttccggcttagatatatatctggcgattatttcagttcctagctactcctacatgcatgctttgcttaattagatctatctatctaatctatcccggccggcctgttttaattccatatatcatttggtttgcacgtacccatctatgatctatatatacatgcatgtcgactattgttggtcgtacgatattatattatatata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001058486.1 RefSeq:Os03g0856700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T13:48:28Z

Ibplimin: /* Evolution */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
'''''OsGA20ox1''''', encoding an isoform of gibberellin 20-oxidase, for regulation of plant stature in rice. Gibberellin (GA) 20-oxidase (GA20ox) is a key enzyme that normally catalyzes the penultimate steps in GA biosynthesis<ref name="ref1" />.
===Mutation===
*Figure 1 shows the gross morphology of the wild type and mutant plants. A mutant, B142, tagged with a T-DNA containing three CaMV 35S promoters showed a tall, GA-overproduction phenotype.The integrated T-DNAs, which contain three CaMV 35S promoters, are located upstream of the OsGA20ox1 open reading frame (ORF) in the B142 mutant genome. The ﬁnal stature of the B142 mutant reﬂects internode overgrowth and is approximately twice that of its wild-type parent<ref name="ref1" />.
*Figure 2 shows a typical phenotype of a rice GA deﬁcient mutant at the young seedling stage. The GA-related mutants showed dwarﬁsm without the induction of additionally aberrantmorphology. The ﬁnal plant height of GA-deﬁcient mutants ranged widely between \5% and 90% of the wild-type plants. The leaf blades of the mutant plants became dark green, shorter, and wider than those of the wild-type plants<ref name="ref2" />.

===Expression===
Semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that ''OsGA20ox1'' were expressed at different levels in various organs of wild-type rice(Fig. 3)<ref name="ref2" />. ''OsGA20ox1'' were simultaneously expressed in all vegetative organs of rice, and all ''OsGA20ox'' genes were expressed in the reproductive organs. This overlap expression pattern, accompanied with the feedback up-regulation of other GA biosynthetic enzymes by the homeostatic system<ref name="ref3" />, compensate the defect in OsGA20ox2 function in shoot elongation, and consequently the defect in ''OsGA20ox2/SD1'' induces suitable semidwarﬁsm of the rice height for useful breeding.

===Evolution===
Figure 4 shows that phylogenetic analysis of 2ODDs (GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) revealed that the GA20ox proteins from dicot plants shared higher amino acid identity each other (49%–80% identities) and formed a single group. ''OsGA20ox2'' showed higher similarity (61% identity) to ''OsGA20ox4'' than the other OsGA20ox proteins, and ''OsGA20ox2'' and ''OsGA20ox4'' formed one subgroup (36%–48% identities with dicot proteins), whereas ''OsGA20ox1'' and ''OsGA20ox3'' were separately located from the ''OsGA20ox2/OsGA20ox4'' subgroup (39%–54% and 39%–49% identities with dicot proteins, respectively)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===
The GAs form a large family of tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that are involved in the regulation of various growth and developmental processes in higher plants. Bioactive GAs, such as GA1 and GA4,are synthesized from trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) as shown in Figure 5<ref name="ref4" />.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0856700|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 1 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 1) (GA 20-oxidase 1) (Os20ox)|
Version = NM_001058486.1 GI:115456700 GeneID:4334841|
Length = 1599 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0856700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:37001546..37003144|
CDS = 37001714..37002832|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:37001546..37003144
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSMVVQQEQEVVFDAAVLSGQTEIPSQFIWPAEESPGSVAVEEL EVALIDVGAGAERSSVVRQVGEACERHGFFLVVNHGIEAALLEEAHRCMDAFFTLPLG EKQRAQRRAGESCGYASSFTGRFASKLPWKETLSFRYSSAGDEEGEEGVGEYLVRKLG AEHGRRLGEVYSRYCHEMSRLSLELMEVLGESLGIVGDRRHYFRRFFQRNDSIMRLNY YPACQRPLDTLGTGPHCDPTSLTILHQDHVGGLEVWAEGRWRAIRPRPGALVVNVGDT FMALSNARYRSCLHRAVVNSTAPRRSLAFFLCPEMDTVVRPPEELVDDHHPRVYPDFT WRALLDFTQRHYRADMRTLQAFSDWLNHHRHLQPTIYS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>169..1287#ggtcgatccagctgctggggatgagtacttagttagctcggagctagctactaatggatgatatacttatgctagttagttaaatacagttattagttagttgtaggttgcatctatcatatctccatcggttaattaattgattgatagctagattatcaacaattaatgagcatggtggtgcagcaggagcaggaggtggtgttcgacgcggcggtgctgagcgggcagacggagatcccgtcgcagttcatatggccggcggaggagagccccgggtcggtggcggtggaggagctggaggtggcgctgatcgacgtgggggcgggggcggagaggtcgtcggtggtccggcaggtgggggaggcgtgcgagaggcacggcttcttcctggtggttaaccacggcatcgaggcggcgctgctggaggaggcgcaccggtgcatggacgccttcttcacgctgccgctgggggagaagcagcgggcgcagcggcgcgcgggggagagctgcggctacgccagcagcttcacggggcgcttcgcgtccaagctgccgtggaaggagacgctgtcgttccggtactcatcggctggagatgaagagggcgaggagggcgtgggtgagtacctggtgcggaagctcggggcggagcacgggcggcggctgggcgaggtgtactcgcgctactgccacgagatgagccgcctgtcgctggagctgatggaggtgctcggggagagcctgggcatcgtcggagaccggcgccactacttccggcgattcttccagcgcaacgactccatcatgcgcctcaactactacccggcgtgccagaggccactcgacacgctgggcaccggtccgcactgcgaccccacctcgctcaccatcctccaccaggaccacgtcggcggcctggaggtgtgggcggaggggcggtggcgcgccatccgccctcgccccggggcgctcgtcgtcaacgtcggcgacaccttcatggcgctctccaacgccaggtaccgcagctgcctgcaccgggcggtcgtcaacagcacggcgcctcgccgctcgctggccttcttcctctgcccggagatggacacggtggtgcgcccgccggaggagctggtcgacgaccaccacccgagggtgtacccggacttcacgtggcgggcgctgctggacttcacgcagcgccactacagggccgacatgcgcacgcttcaggccttctccgactggcttaatcatcatcgtcacctgcaaccaacaatatactcctagctcctagtcctagctatatactcctattatccatccatccatccatcttacactactataccattagcatcgatcgatcatccattaattaattaattaattactagttccggcttagatatatatctggcgattatttcagttcctagctactcctacatgcatgctttgcttaattagatctatctatctaatctatcccggccggcctgttttaattccatatatcatttggtttgcacgtacccatctatgatctatatatacatgcatgtcgactattgttggtcgtacgatattatattatatata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001058486.1 RefSeq:Os03g0856700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T13:40:16Z

Ibplimin: /* Expression */

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T13:35:15Z

Ibplimin: /* Function */

Os03g0856700

2014-05-21T13:31:58Z

Ibplimin: /* Function */