2013-12-20T05:59:55Z

Siqi Liu: /* References */

2013-12-16T06:20:05Z

Siqi Liu: /* Function */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Taken together, our results indicated that the patatin-like PLA2 might play a significant role in the formation of vascular bundles, and that the dep3 mutant may provide another EP resource for rice breeding programs<ref name="21318372" />.
Leafy head2, which encodes a putative RNA-binding protein, regulates shoot development of rice<ref name="16541125" />.
Mutants with abnormal leaf developmental patterns not only provide a great insight into understanding the regulatory mechanism of plant architecture, but also enrich the ways to its modification by which crop yield could be improved<ref name="16541125" />.
We show that PLA2 normally acts to retard the rate of leaf maturation but does so independently of PLA1, which encodes a member of the P450 family<ref name="16461585" />.
It was unusually stable with regard to heat, acidity, and organic solvents but was sensitive to disulfide bond-reducing agents<ref name="9576789" />.
Phospholipase A(2)s (PLA(2)s) constitute a large superfamily of enzymes whose products are important for a multitude of signal transduction processes, lipid mediator release, lipid metabolism, development, plant stress responses, and host defense<ref name="19457861" />.
Instead, it produced a leafy panicle, in which all primary rachis-branches were converted to vegetative shoots<ref name="17111113" />.
Architecture of the rice inflorescence, which is determined mainly by the morphology, number and length of primary and secondary inflorescence branches, is an important agronomical trait<ref name="21318372" />.
These results indicate that both PLA1 and PLA2 act downstream of the GA signal transduction pathway to regulate leaf development<ref name="22476293" />.
Comparison of genome-scale expression profiles between wild-type and lhd2 plants suggested that LHD2 may regulate rice shoot development through KNOX and hormone-related genes<ref name="16541125" />.
Although the pattern of leaf initiation is a key element of plant shoot architecture, little is known about how the time interval between initiation events, termed plastochron, is regulated<ref name="16461585" />.
Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of dense and erect panicle 3, DEP3, which confers high grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.)<ref name="21318372" />.
Here, we present a detailed analysis of plastochron2 (pla2), a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant that exhibits shortened plastochron and precocious maturation of leaves during the vegetative phase and ectopic shoot formation during the reproductive phase<ref name="16461585" />.
During vegetative development, higher plants continuously form new leaves in regular spatial and temporal patterns<ref name="16541125" />.
In a Dissociation (Ds) insertion rice population, we identified a mutant, compact shoot and leafy head 1 (csl1), which produced massive number of leaves (~70) during the vegetative phase<ref name="17111113" />.
PLA3/GO encodes a glutamate carboxypeptidase, which is thought to catabolize small acidic peptides and produce small signaling molecules<ref name="19228340" />.
CSL1 may represent a novel gene, which functions downstream of PLA1 and/or PLA2, or alternatively functions in a separate pathway, involved in the regulation of leaf initiation and developmental transition via plant hormones or other mobile signals<ref name="17111113" />.
Double mutant analysis revealed that PLA1, PLA2 and PLA3 are regulated independently but function redundantly<ref name="19228340" />.
Despite the importance of PLA genes in plant development, their molecular functions remain unknown<ref name="22476293" />.
The mutant allele gene carried a 408 bp genomic deletion within LOC_Os06g46350, which included the last 47 bp coding region of the third exon and the first 361 bp of the 3'-untranslated region<ref name="21318372" />.
Based on these analyses, we propose a model in which plastochron is determined by signals from immature leaves that act non-cell-autonomously in the shoot apical meristem to inhibit the initiation of new leaves<ref name="16461585" />.
preceded by a 25 amino acid signal peptide), and were derived from four expressed sequence tag (EST) clones<ref name="10608658" />.
Here we report the identification of the rice gene PLASTOCHRON3 (PLA3)/GOLIATH (GO) that regulates various developmental processes including the rate of leaf initiation (the plastochron)<ref name="19228340" />.
csl1 is most likely a dominant mutation because no mutant segregant was observed in progeny of 67 siblings of the csl1 mutant<ref name="17111113" />.
The crystal structure of rice (Oryza sativa) isoform 2 phospholipase A(2) has been determined to 2.0 A resolution using sulfur SAD phasing, and shows that the class XIb phospholipases have a unique structure compared with other secreted PLA(2)s<ref name="19457861" />.
The C-terminal half is folded into three anti-parallel alpha-helices, of which the two first are also present in other secreted PLA(2)s and contain the conserved catalytic histidine and calcium liganding aspartate residues<ref name="19457861" />.
A 53-amino acid-long N-terminal sequence was determined and aligned with other sequences, giving 62% identity to the deduced amino acid sequence of some rice (Oryza sativa) expressed sequence tag clones<ref name="9576789" />.
We found that gibberellin (GA) is the major phytohormone that promotes PLA1 and PLA2 expression<ref name="22476293" />.
The full sequences of two distinct but homologous rice (Oryza sativa) cDNAs are given here<ref name="10608658" />.
This sequence was different from but homologous to the PLA2-I and PLA2-II sequences<ref name="10608658" />.
Phenotypically csl1 resembled pla mutants in short plastochron but was more severe in the conversion of the reproductive organs to vegetative organs<ref name="17111113" />.
The N-terminal half of the chain contains mainly loop structure, including the conserved Ca(2+)-binding loop, but starts with a short 3(10)-helix and also includes two short anti-parallel beta-strands<ref name="19457861" />.
PLASTOCHRON3/GOLIATH encodes a glutamate carboxypeptidase required for proper development in rice<ref name="19228340" />.
Recently, we purified to homogeneity and characterized a low-molecular-weight calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 (PLA2) from developing elm seed endosperm<ref name="10608658" />.
However, in contrast to pla1 and pla2, pla3 showed pleiotropic phenotypes including enlarged embryo, seed vivipary, defects in SAM maintenance and aberrant leaf morphology<ref name="19228340" />.
Purification and characterization of a low-molecular-weight phospholipase A2 from developing seeds of elm<ref name="9576789" />.
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was purified about 180,000 times compared with the starting soluble-protein extract from developing elm (Ulmus glabra) seeds<ref name="9576789" />.
They contained twelve conserved cysteine residues and sequences that are likely to represent the Ca(2+)-binding loop and active-site motif, which are characteristic of animal secretory PLA2s<ref name="10608658" />.
The octanoate molecule in the complex structure is bound in a hydrophobic pocket, which extends to the likely membrane interface and is proposed to model the binding of the product fatty acid<ref name="19457861" />.
On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the purified fraction showed a single protein band with a mobility that corresponded to 15 kD, from which activity could be recovered<ref name="9576789" />.
Southern blot analysis suggested that multiple copies of such genes are likely to occur in the rice and in other plant genomes<ref name="10608658" />.
Rice PLASTOCHRON genes regulate leaf maturation downstream of the gibberellin signal transduction pathway<ref name="22476293" />.
Rice PLASTOCHRON 1 (PLA1) and PLA2 genes regulate leaf maturation and plastochron, and their loss-of-function mutants exhibit small organs and rapid leaf emergence<ref name="22476293" />.
The dep3 mutation also regulated other panicle characteristics, including panicle length, grain shape and grain number per panicle<ref name="21318372" />.
PLASTOCHRON2 regulates leaf initiation and maturation in rice<ref name="16461585" />.
The shoot apical meristem (SAM) produces lateral organs in a regular spacing (phyllotaxy) and at a regular interval (phyllochron) during the vegetative phase<ref name="17111113" />.
These encode mature proteins of 1 19 amino acids (PLA2-I, preceded by a 19 amino acid signal peptide) and 128 amino acids (PLA2-II<ref name="10608658" />.
They encode a cytochrome P450 protein CYP78A11 and an RNA-binding protein, respectively<ref name="22476293" />.
The DEP3 gene was identified as the candidate via a map-based cloning approach and was predicted to encode a patatin-like phospholipase A2 (PLA2) superfamily domain-containing protein<ref name="21318372" />.
The molecular and genetic analysis showed that LHD2 encodes a putative RNA binding protein with 67% similarity to maize TE1<ref name="16541125" />.
The corresponding PLA2 gene is revealed to be an orthologue of terminal ear1, a maize (Zea mays) gene that encodes a MEI2-like RNA binding protein<ref name="16461585" />.

===Expression===
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===Evolution===
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==Labs working on this gene==
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==References==
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==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os01g0907900|
Description = Similar to Terminal ear1|
Version = NM_001051674.1 GI:115441718 GeneID:4324983|
Length = 3557 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0907900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|
AP = Chromosome 1:41279485..41283041|
CDS = 41279485..41280220,41280332..41280500,41280573..41281076,41281207..41281335,41282437..41282578 ,41282670..41283041|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008394:41279485..41283041
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008394:41279485..41283041
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggaggaaggaggtgggagtggcgtgggtgggatgcagggagcggcgtcgaatcttctggacgccggagctcaggcgttctaccctgccgtcggcgcgccgttcccgttccagcagcttccgcaccagctgtactgcccgcagccgccgccgccgccgtaccaggtcatgccggtgccgccgccgccgccgccggtgggcttgcctgtaccgccgctgccggcgacgatggcgccgcagccgggctactgcgtgccggcggccgcgacggtggtggacggtccggccagccgcgccgtcgtgctgagcctggtgccgccgcacgcgccggaggacgagatcgcccgcgcgatggctccgttcggtgcggtgcgcgccgtggacgcgtcggcggtggcgtccgagggcgtcgcgaccgtctacttcttcgatctccgctccgccgagcacgccgtcacgggggtccgcgagcagcacatccggcagcagtgccggctcggccagctctacgccgccgccgccgccgccgccgcctcgtccccgacctggcccccgccggcgtgggactggccccacgacgacaaccgcgggctcgtcctcggccaggccgtctgggcccacttcgccgccgcctccaccgtccccgacgacggcgccagccgcggctccctcgtcgtgctcaattccctccccgccatgtccgtgttcgaactccgcgaaatcttccaagcatacggtgacgtgaaggacgtgagggagtcggcgctgcggccgagcaacaagttcgtcgagttcttcgacacgcgcgacgccgaccgcgcgctccacgagctcaacggcaaggagctcttcggccgccgcctcgtcgtcgagtacacgcgcccttccctccccggcccacgcaggcgcgggcacgtgtcgcaccagcccttggccccgacgccgccgaggctgcaggcggcttggcggccggcgccggcgccgtcgcagtctgcgcagccgtcgtcgtctggctccggcaaggcgagggaaggcgtggtgcttctgcgcaggagctccgggaaaggtagctcgggtagccagtccaagggcggtggcaatgctggccacgagcggaagagcaagggcggcaagagcgccgcggcggcgtgttcgacggcggcttcagcatcgtcgtctaccgcaacggcgcccagcaagcaaagccagaaaggcggcggcggcggcggcggccgtggcgggagctggagaggccagaagagcgggtgggaggctcgcttcctgttcaaagaacccgaggccgcggccgccgccgccggcgacgctgccgcctccgagacgcatgagccggcgagctgcaaggacacgagaaccaccgtgatgatcaggaacatcccaaacaagtacagccagaagctgctgctcaacatgctggacaaccactgcatcctctccaaccagcagatcgaggcgagctgcgaagacgaagcccagccattctcctcctacgatttcctctacctccccatagatttcaacaacaagtgcaacgtgggctatggcttcgtcaacctcacctcgccggaggctgccgtgcggctgtacaaggcgttccacaagcaaccgtgggaggtgttcaactcgcgcaagatttgccaagtgacatacgcacgcgtgcaaggcctggacgcgctcaaggagcacttcaagaactccaagttcccgtgcgacagcgacgagtacctgcccgtggtgttctcgccgccgcgggacggcaagctgctcacggagccggtgccgctggtcggccgctcgccggcaccgtcgtcggcgtccggggcgtcgtcgccgcccaagagctgcgccgcgagcgtcgacccactcgcgcaggagctcatgacagcgccgtcttcctccggcgacggcgcctcctccgcctcctcgtccaatgcccacgccgacgaggatgacgtccatggcgaaaccggtggtgaccgtggcgacgacgcggggctcgatctggagctacagcgcctaggctacactgactag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MEEGGGSGVGGMQGAASNLLDAGAQAFYPAVGAPFPFQQLPHQL YCPQPPPPPYQVMPVPPPPPPVGLPVPPLPATMAPQPGYCVPAAATVVDGPASRAVVL SLVPPHAPEDEIARAMAPFGAVRAVDASAVASEGVATVYFFDLRSAEHAVTGVREQHI RQQCRLGQLYAAAAAAAASSPTWPPPAWDWPHDDNRGLVLGQAVWAHFAAASTVPDDG ASRGSLVVLNSLPAMSVFELREIFQAYGDVKDVRESALRPSNKFVEFFDTRDADRALH ELNGKELFGRRLVVEYTRPSLPGPRRRGHVSHQPLAPTPPRLQAAWRPAPAPSQSAQP SSSGSGKAREGVVLLRRSSGKGSSGSQSKGGGNAGHERKSKGGKSAAAACSTAASASS STATAPSKQSQKGGGGGGGRGGSWRGQKSGWEARFLFKEPEAAAAAAGDAAASETHEP ASCKDTRTTVMIRNIPNKYSQKLLLNMLDNHCILSNQQIEASCEDEAQPFSSYDFLYL PIDFNNKCNVGYGFVNLTSPEAAVRLYKAFHKQPWEVFNSRKICQVTYARVQGLDALK EHFKNSKFPCDSDEYLPVVFSPPRDGKLLTEPVPLVGRSPAPSSASGASSPPKSCAAS VDPLAQELMTAPSSSGDGASSASSSNAHADEDDVHGETGGDRGDDAGLDLELQRLGYT D</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..736#848..1016#1089..1592#1723..1851#2953..3094#3186..3557#atggaggaaggaggtgggagtggcgtgggtgggatgcagggagcggcgtcgaatcttctggacgccggagctcaggcgttctaccctgccgtcggcgcgccgttcccgttccagcagcttccgcaccagctgtactgcccgcagccgccgccgccgccgtaccaggtcatgccggtgccgccgccgccgccgccggtgggcttgcctgtaccgccgctgccggcgacgatggcgccgcagccgggctactgcgtgccggcggccgcgacggtggtggacggtccggccagccgcgccgtcgtgctgagcctggtgccgccgcacgcgccggaggacgagatcgcccgcgcgatggctccgttcggtgcggtgcgcgccgtggacgcgtcggcggtggcgtccgagggcgtcgcgaccgtctacttcttcgatctccgctccgccgagcacgccgtcacgggggtccgcgagcagcacatccggcagcagtgccggctcggccagctctacgccgccgccgccgccgccgccgcctcgtccccgacctggcccccgccggcgtgggactggccccacgacgacaaccgcgggctcgtcctcggccaggccgtctgggcccacttcgccgccgcctccaccgtccccgacgacggcgccagccgcggctccctcgtcgtgctcaattccctccccgccatgtccgtgttcgaactccgcgaaatcttccaagcatacggtacatacaccaccaccgcacgctttcttccgcgaattcctccatgtttcgcttcttgtgtttccaaccaattcattctcttggtcgggtcgcctcgtcgtgtgtttgcaggtgacgtgaaggacgtgagggagtcggcgctgcggccgagcaacaagttcgtcgagttcttcgacacgcgcgacgccgaccgcgcgctccacgagctcaacggcaaggagctcttcggccgccgcctcgtcgtcgagtacacgcgcccttccctccccggcccacgcaggtaaaagaattcaccgtcgtgttaattcccatcgaaaacgcacggtaaaactaatttggctgtggttggcaggcgcgggcacgtgtcgcaccagcccttggccccgacgccgccgaggctgcaggcggcttggcggccggcgccggcgccgtcgcagtctgcgcagccgtcgtcgtctggctccggcaaggcgagggaaggcgtggtgcttctgcgcaggagctccgggaaaggtagctcgggtagccagtccaagggcggtggcaatgctggccacgagcggaagagcaagggcggcaagagcgccgcggcggcgtgttcgacggcggcttcagcatcgtcgtctaccgcaacggcgcccagcaagcaaagccagaaaggcggcggcggcggcggcggccgtggcgggagctggagaggccagaagagcgggtgggaggctcgcttcctgttcaaagaacccgaggccgcggccgccgccgccggcgacgctgccgcctccgagacgcatgagccggcgagctgcaaggacacgagaaccaccgtgatgatcaggaacatcccaaacaagtacaggtcactccgctagcttccacgttgttgacgaaatgctatatttcatgggcgccgcgagcccagaattgcctgcctcgcattgcgagcttggcactgatgcctgagcttgtcgtctgttgcttgttcgcagccagaagctgctgctcaacatgctggacaaccactgcatcctctccaaccagcagatcgaggcgagctgcgaagacgaagcccagccattctcctcctacgatttcctctacctccccatagatttcaagtgagtcagctcccgatatgctgtatttatattttatggtgcccaatgcaagaacactgcggcacacactgtccacgcccaatgacaatgacggcctccatgcttcatttccgactgagaattcagtcctagaaaactaattaattttatgattcttgaggggaattgtgcaatggaattgcattgccgtgtgaaggaaggacaaaggtatatgaaaggggcttggaaatgtactgggagatgaatgggtagttgggagctctagctgctggtagtgatgtgtgagcttgtggatcgagttatctttgggctgggtagtactagcatgttactgcactgtactgctagtctgcaacacatatggacgcctactctggtgccatggctgtaatagcccaaatggaaaggaaattggcagtccaagggagatcacaccagatccttctcgttttgatgcatcaaatccttttgttgcatgcaatcctctgatcatgagcatctgttcacatgtctacctttcttgcgcacctgcctctaggatctcctgcctgccttgctctctttcttgcttgcttgcgctgtcttgacctgcacttccatagcaaagtccaacgcaaaaaggaggggctagacgtcatggagtagcggtgaaaaggtgcatcaatgcaaaagcgttttcaattttgacatgtagtaatatatttcttttcctgagaaaaaggtatggtgaccaatgcataattaagcactttcttttcactggagtaccaacttttatctttgcacgaaccaagttgagaaaagacctatcaaatgccccaatgactagcgtgcattgtggaatcaaaaggtagctccacaacaaaaatatgatagaaatattgttgtgcaagtttatagttccccgagcttctgacttcgaaggcctcaattccaagaatatttgtgttcttgaccttgacaagtcgtttgttatcattcataactcatttttggtcacccggttctttatcgcttctctacttgttgagaagtttttaaattcaggcattaaattatcttttcggctgtgctaacctgctaaaatatgaggccatgcagcaacaagtgcaacgtgggctatggcttcgtcaacctcacctcgccggaggctgccgtgcggctgtacaaggcgttccacaagcaaccgtgggaggtgttcaactcgcgcaagatttgccaagtgacatacgcacgcgtgcaagtacgagcgccgttaaatctctcccaattgtgctgataaatctagaccgatcatcatgtgtggcaagtgctaaacccgtgcatgcgcgcagggcctggacgcgctcaaggagcacttcaagaactccaagttcccgtgcgacagcgacgagtacctgcccgtggtgttctcgccgccgcgggacggcaagctgctcacggagccggtgccgctggtcggccgctcgccggcaccgtcgtcggcgtccggggcgtcgtcgccgcccaagagctgcgccgcgagcgtcgacccactcgcgcaggagctcatgacagcgccgtcttcctccggcgacggcgcctcctccgcctcctcgtccaatgcccacgccgacgaggatgacgtccatggcgaaaccggtggtgaccgtggcgacgacgcggggctcgatctggagctacagcgcctaggctacactgactag</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051674.1 RefSeq:Os01g0907900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]