http://192.168.164.12:81/ricewiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=SmallantRiceWiki - User contributions [en]2026-08-27T21:05:20ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.30.0https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173758Os12g04762002014-05-28T18:37:06Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
[[File:Location.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Figure 1. The location of Xoo resistance gene xa25 on rice chromosome 12.'']]<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg|left|thumb|350px|''Figure 2. Responses of transgenic plants carrying Os12g29220 (Xa25) from susceptible Zhenshan 97 to Xoo'']]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Ⅰ Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Figure 3. The influence of Xoo infection on xa25/Xa25 expression analysed by RT-PCR'']]<br />
<br />
'''Ⅱ Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Ⅲ Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Ⅰ Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''Ⅱ The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
'''Ⅲ MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg|left|thumb|200px|''Figure 4. Phylogenetic analysis of xa25/Xa25 proteins with other 22 paralogs in rice MtN3/saliva family.'']]<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
<br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173756Os12g04762002014-05-28T18:34:28Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
[[File:Location.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Figure 1. The location of Xoo resistance gene xa25 on rice chromosome 12.'']]<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg|middle|350px|''Figure 2. Responses of transgenic plants carrying Os12g29220 (Xa25) from susceptible Zhenshan 97 to Xoo'']]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Ⅰ Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Figure 3. The influence of Xoo infection on xa25/Xa25 expression analysed by RT-PCR'']]<br />
<br />
'''Ⅱ Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Ⅲ Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Ⅰ Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''Ⅱ The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
'''Ⅲ MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg|left|thumb|200px|''Figure 4. Phylogenetic analysis of xa25/Xa25 proteins with other 22 paralogs in rice MtN3/saliva family.'']]<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
<br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173753Os12g04762002014-05-28T18:27:10Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
[[File:Location.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Figure. 1'']]<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg|middle|350px|''Figure. 2'']]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
''' Ⅰ Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Figure. 3'']]<br />
<br />
''' Ⅱ Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
''' Ⅲ Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
''' Ⅰ Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''Ⅱ The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
'''Ⅲ MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg|left|thumb|200px|''Figure. 4'']]<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
<br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173751Os12g04762002014-05-28T18:24:36Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
[[File:Location.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Figure. 1'']]<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg|middle|350px|''Figure. 2'']]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
''' Ⅰ Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Figure. 3'']]<br />
<br />
''' Ⅱ Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
''' Ⅲ Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
''' Ⅰ Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
''' Ⅱ The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
<br />
''' Ⅲ MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg|left|thumb|200px|''Figure. 4'']]<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
<br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173748Os12g04762002014-05-28T18:21:24Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
[[File:Location.jpg|right|thumb|200px|]]<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg|middle|350px|]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
''' Ⅰ Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg|right|thumb|300px|]]<br />
<br />
''' Ⅱ Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
''' Ⅲ Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
''' Ⅰ Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
''' Ⅱ The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
<br />
''' Ⅲ MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg|left|thumb|200px|]]<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
<br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Analysis.jpg&diff=173745File:Analysis.jpg2014-05-28T18:17:00Z<p>Smallant: uploaded a new version of &quot;File:Analysis.jpg&quot;: Figure 4. Phylogenetic analysis of xa25/Xa25 proteins with other 22 paralogs in rice MtN3/saliva family.The tree was constructed by the neighbour-joining method.The numbers for interior branches</p>
<hr />
<div></div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173741Os12g04762002014-05-28T18:13:49Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
[[File:Location.jpg|right|thumb|200px|]]<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg|middle|350px|]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Ⅰ Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Ⅱ Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Ⅲ Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Ⅰ Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''Ⅱ The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Ⅲ MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg|left|thumb|200px|]]<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173738Os12g04762002014-05-28T18:08:32Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
[[File:Location.jpg|right|thumb|256px|]]<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg|middle|500px|]]<br />
<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173737Os12g04762002014-05-28T18:03:56Z<p>Smallant: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
[[File:Location.jpg|right|thumb|200px|]]<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg|right|256px|]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173736Os12g04762002014-05-28T18:00:50Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
[[File:Location.jpg|right|thumb|150px|]]<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173735Os12g04762002014-05-28T17:58:28Z<p>Smallant: /* Labs working on this gene */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173734Os12g04762002014-05-28T17:56:59Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4" /> <ref name="ref5" />. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6" />. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7" /><ref name="ref8" /> .<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9" />, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10" />. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11" />. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11" />.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11" />. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1">Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2">Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3">Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4">Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5">Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6">Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7">Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8">Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10">Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11">Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173733Os12g04762002014-05-28T17:47:04Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4"><ref name="ref5">. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6">. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7"><ref name="ref8"> .<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9">, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10">. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11">. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11">.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11">. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"> Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref2"> Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref3"> Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref4"> Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref5"> Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref6"> Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref7"> Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref8"> Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref10"> Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.</ref><br />
<ref name="ref11"> Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173732Os12g04762002014-05-28T17:41:17Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4"><ref name="ref5">. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6">. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7"><ref name="ref8"> .<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9">, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10">. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11">. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11">.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11">. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<br />
2.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.<br />
3.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China <br />
4. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"> Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969<br />
<ref name="ref2"> Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754<br />
<ref name="ref3"> Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.<br />
<ref name="ref4"> Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.<br />
<ref name="ref5"> Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.<br />
<ref name="ref6"> Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.<br />
<ref name="ref7"> Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.<br />
<ref name="ref8"> Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.<br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.<br />
<ref name="ref10"> Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.<br />
<ref name="ref11"> Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.<br />
</references><br />
<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173731Os12g04762002014-05-28T17:36:53Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2)<ref name="ref1" />. In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a)<ref name="ref1" />.Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage<ref name="ref3" />. <br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339<ref name="ref3" /> should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t)<ref name="ref3" />. However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously <ref name="ref4"><ref name="ref5">. <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 <ref name="ref6">. OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions <ref name="ref7"><ref name="ref8"> .<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals <ref name="ref9">, suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake <ref name="ref10">. The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes <ref name="ref11">. These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs <ref name="ref11">.The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain <ref name="ref11">. Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ref1"> Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969<br />
<ref name="ref2"> Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754<br />
<ref name="ref3"> Chen H.,Wang S. and Zhang Q. (2002) . New gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice located on chromosome 12 identified from Minghui 63, an elite restorer line. Phytopathology ,92: 750–754.<br />
<ref name="ref4"> Sidhu G.S. And Khush G.S. (1978) Dominant reversal of a bacterial blight resistance gene in some rice cultivars. Phytopathology 68:461–463.<br />
<ref name="ref5"> Zhao X.P., Zhang D.P. And Xie Y.F.(1986) Study of dominance reversal of rice bacterial blight resistance genes.Hereditas 8: 5–9.<br />
<ref name="ref6"> Cao Y., Ding X., Cai M., Zhao J., Lin Y., Li X., Xu C. and Wang S.(2007) The expression pattern of a rice disease resistance gene Xa3/Xa26 is differentially regulated by the genetic backgrounds and developmental stages that influence its function. Genetics 177: 523–533.<br />
<ref name="ref7"> Hu K., Qiu D., Shen X., Li X. & Wang S. (2008) Isolation and manipulation of quantitative trait loci for disease resistance in rice using a candidate gene approach. Molecular Plant 1: 786–793.<br />
<ref name="ref8"> Kou Y., Li X., Xiao J. and Wang S. (2010) Identification of genes contributing to quantitative disease resistance in rice. Science China Life Sciences 53: 1263–1273.<br />
<ref name="ref9">Guan Y.F., Huang X.Y., Zhu J., Gao J.F., Zhang H.X. and Yang Z.N.(2008) RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1, a member of the MtN3/saliva gene family, is crucial for exine pattern formation and cell integrity of microspores in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 147: 852–863.<br />
<ref name="ref10"> Yuan M., Chu Z., Li X., Xu C. & Wang S. (2010) The bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae overcomes rice defenses by regulating host copper redistribution. The Plant Cell 22: 3164–3176.<br />
<ref name="ref11"> Chen L.Q., Hou B.H., Lalonde S., et al. (2010) Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens. Nature 468, 527–532.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173730Os12g04762002014-05-28T17:22:30Z<p>Smallant: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth<ref name="ref1" />. This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages<ref name="ref2" />. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2).[1] In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a).Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage. Chen et al. (2002)<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339 (Chen et al. 2002) should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t) (Chen et al. 2002). However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously (Sidhu & Khush 1978; Zhao et al. 1986). <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 (Cao et al. 2007). OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions (Hu et al. 2008; Kou et al. 2010).<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals (Guan et al. 2008), suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake (Yuan et al.2010). The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes (Chen et al. 2010b). These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs (Chen et al. 2010b) .The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain (Chen et al. 2010b). Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
1. Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969<br />
<br />
2. Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173729Os12g04762002014-05-28T17:20:04Z<p>Smallant: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
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Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
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==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
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<br />
----<br />
[1]<br />
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----<br />
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--[[User:Smallant|Smallant]] 00:52, 29 May 2014 (CST)[1]<br />
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[[[1]]]<br />
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The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth.[1] This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages.[2] It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2).[1] In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a).Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
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'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
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the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
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'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
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There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage. Chen et al. (2002)<br />
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===Evolution===<br />
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'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
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the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339 (Chen et al. 2002) should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
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xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t) (Chen et al. 2002). However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously (Sidhu & Khush 1978; Zhao et al. 1986). <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 (Cao et al. 2007). OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions (Hu et al. 2008; Kou et al. 2010).<br />
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'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
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The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals (Guan et al. 2008), suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake (Yuan et al.2010). The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes (Chen et al. 2010b). These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs (Chen et al. 2010b) .The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain (Chen et al. 2010b). Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
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You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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==References==<br />
1. Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969<br />
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2. Huilan Chen, Shiping Wang, Qifa Zhang(2002). New Gene for Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Located on Chromosome 12 Identified from Minghui 63, an Elite Restorer Line. Phytopathology, 92(7): 750-754<br />
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==Structured Information==<br />
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{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Analysis.jpg&diff=173728File:Analysis.jpg2014-05-28T17:11:47Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173727Os12g04762002014-05-28T16:56:22Z<p>Smallant: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
[1]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Smallant|Smallant]] 00:52, 29 May 2014 (CST)[1]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[[1]]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth.[1] This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages.[2] It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2).[1] In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a).Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage. Chen et al. (2002)<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339 (Chen et al. 2002) should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t) (Chen et al. 2002). However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously (Sidhu & Khush 1978; Zhao et al. 1986). <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 (Cao et al. 2007). OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions (Hu et al. 2008; Kou et al. 2010).<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals (Guan et al. 2008), suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake (Yuan et al.2010). The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes (Chen et al. 2010b). These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs (Chen et al. 2010b) .The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain (Chen et al. 2010b). Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
1. Qingsong Liu, Meng Yuan, Yan Zhou, Xxianghua Li, Jinghua Xiao, Shiping Wang.(2011) A paralog of the MtN3/saliva family recessively confers race-specific resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae in rice. Plant, Cell & Environment 34(11): 1958-1969<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173726Os12g04762002014-05-28T16:52:43Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
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<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
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----<br />
[1]<br />
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----<br />
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--[[User:Smallant|Smallant]] 00:52, 29 May 2014 (CST)[1]<br />
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[[[1]]]<br />
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<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth.[1] This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages.[2] It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2).[1] In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a).Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage. Chen et al. (2002)<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339 (Chen et al. 2002) should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t) (Chen et al. 2002). However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously (Sidhu & Khush 1978; Zhao et al. 1986). <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 (Cao et al. 2007). OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions (Hu et al. 2008; Kou et al. 2010).<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals (Guan et al. 2008), suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake (Yuan et al.2010). The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes (Chen et al. 2010b). These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs (Chen et al. 2010b) .The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain (Chen et al. 2010b). Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173725Os12g04762002014-05-28T16:44:14Z<p>Smallant: /* Evolution */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth.[1] This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages.[2] It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2).[1] In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a).Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage. Chen et al. (2002)<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339 (Chen et al. 2002) should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t) (Chen et al. 2002). However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously (Sidhu & Khush 1978; Zhao et al. 1986). <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 (Cao et al. 2007). OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions (Hu et al. 2008; Kou et al. 2010).<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals (Guan et al. 2008), suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake (Yuan et al.2010). The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes (Chen et al. 2010b). These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs (Chen et al. 2010b) .The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain (Chen et al. 2010b). Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
[[File:analysis.jpg]]<br />
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You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
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{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173724Os12g04762002014-05-28T16:41:05Z<p>Smallant: /* Expression */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth.[1] This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages.[2] It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2).[1] In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a).Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
[[File:induced by pxo339.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage. Chen et al. (2002)<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339 (Chen et al. 2002) should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t) (Chen et al. 2002). However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously (Sidhu & Khush 1978; Zhao et al. 1986). <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 (Cao et al. 2007). OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions (Hu et al. 2008; Kou et al. 2010).<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals (Guan et al. 2008), suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake (Yuan et al.2010). The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes (Chen et al. 2010b). These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs (Chen et al. 2010b) .The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain (Chen et al. 2010b). Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173723Os12g04762002014-05-28T16:36:25Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth.[1] This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages.[2] It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2).[1] In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 is specifically induced by PXO339'''<br />
Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 but not recessive xa25 in Minghui 63 in seedling stage (Fig. 3a).Other Xoo strains (PXO61,PXO99 and PXO341) did not influence the expression of xa25 and Xa25 nor did PXO339 induce the recessive xa25 in resistant Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare (Fig. 3b). PXO339 also induced dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 in adult stage (Fig. 3c).The consistency of PXO339-regulated race-specific susceptibility and PXO339-induced Xa25 expression suggests that the activation of dominant Xa25 may be associated with susceptibility.<br />
The Xa25 promoter (approximately 1.11 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site) from susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 was different from xa25 promoters from resistant rice varieties Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 because of nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions. The xa25 promoters from Nipponbare and Mudanjiang 8 had identical sequence but different from the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11. In addition, the xa25 promoters from Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11 are also different from each other. However, seven polymorphic sites, -1117 (T/C), -1075 (T/C), -663 (deletion/T), -248 (A/G), -56 (C/G), -40 (G/T) and -28 (A/deletion) according to the nucleotide position in Minghui 63, between the promoters of recessive xa25 from the four resistant rice varieties and dominant Xa25 from susceptible Zhenshan 97, were identified. This result suggests that the differential expression of dominant Xa25 and recessive xa25 in response to PXO339 infection may be associated with their promoter difference.<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 encode different proteins'''<br />
the coding regions of the recessive and dominant alleles were interrupted by five introns . The recessive xa25 alleles in Minghui 63, Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare putatively encode identical protein consisting of 296 amino acids.The dominant Xa25 putatively encodes proteins consisting of 293 amino acids. In addition to the size difference, the two proteins have five-residue substitutions . These results suggest that the different functions of recessive xa25 and dominant Xa25 may also be associated with the differences in their encoding proteins.<br />
<br />
'''Developmental stage influences xa25-mediated resistance'''<br />
There is a report that xa25/Xa25(t) dominantly regulated resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 in a mapping population at adult stage,but the present results reveal that xa25 recessively regulate resistance to PXO339 in a similar mapping population at seedling stage. Chen et al. (2002)<br />
<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
the Os12g29220 allele in resistant Minghui 63 is the recessive xa25.The xa25 confers resistance by inhibiting Xoo growth. Because the resistance of Minghui 63 to Xoo strain PXO339 was compromised by expression of dominant Xa25,the previously named R gene Xa25(t) that dominantly conferred Minghui 63 resistance to PXO339 (Chen et al. 2002) should be the same gene as the recessive xa25.<br />
<br />
'''The recessive xa25 is the same as Xa25(t)'''<br />
xa25 is a recessive R gene at both seedling (Figs 2 & 3) and adult (Fig. 2) stages. The recessive xa25 is the same gene as previously named Xa25(t) (Chen et al. 2002). However, xa25 was recessively regulated at seedling stage but dominantly regulated at adult stage [thus named Xa25(t) in Chen et al. 2002]. The inconsistent results of the genetic analyses may have the following explanations. <br />
Firstly, the recessive xa25 may be an R gene with the characteristics of dominance reversal. Rice plants carrying xa25/Xa25(t) have the same characteristic as the rice varieties carrying R genes with the nature of dominance reversal reported previously (Sidhu & Khush 1978; Zhao et al. 1986). <br />
Secondly, development-associated minor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may influence the function of the recessive xa25.This hypothesis is supported by the characteristic of another rice R gene Xa3/Xa26 for Xoo resistance. Xa3/Xa26 has a dosage effect that is regulated by rice development; this dosage effect is associated with enhanced expression of defence-responsive genes OsWRKY13 and NH1 (Cao et al. 2007). OsWRKY13 and NH1 function as minor resistance QTLs in rice–pathogen interactions (Hu et al. 2008; Kou et al. 2010).<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions'''<br />
The recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva gene family. The only known structure of xa25/Xa25 proteins are MtN3/saliva domain. MtN3/saliva family proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes including mammals (Guan et al. 2008), suggesting that they may have important roles in the physiological and developmental activities of eukaryotes. Rice susceptible protein Xa13 interacts with rice copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and COPT5 to remove copper from xylem vessels in the rice-Xoo interaction. The removal of copper from xylem may be associated with transporting copper into cells, because only the coexpression of the three plasma membrane proteins could complement the phenotype of yeast mutant that lacked the functions of copper transporters for copper uptake (Yuan et al.2010). The Xa13 (also named OsSWEET11) functions as a low-affinity glucose transporter in mammalian cells and oocytes (Chen et al. 2010b). These results suggest that MtN3/saliva-type proteins may have different biochemical functions. The rice MtN3/saliva gene family consists of at least 23 paralogs (Chen et al. 2010b) .The encoding proteins of xa25/Xa25 are most closely related to OsSWEET14 (also named Os11N3) based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 4). The OsSWEET14/Os11N3 functions as a low-affinity transporter to mediate glucose efflux in mammalian cells and oocytes; it is suggested that this function of OsSWEET14/Os11N3 may be used by pathogens for nutritional gain (Chen et al. 2010b). Further study is required to elucidate whether xa25/Xa25 is also involved in sugar transporter in rice-Xoo interaction.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Induced_by_pxo339.jpg&diff=173717File:Induced by pxo339.jpg2014-05-28T15:57:34Z<p>Smallant: Figure 3. The influence of Xoo infection on xa25/Xa25 expression analysed by RT-PCR. ck, before pathogen inoculation; 1, 2 and 3 d after inoculation of Xoo.The number on the right of each gel picture indicates the cycles of PCR reaction.
(a)Only infectio</p>
<hr />
<div>Figure 3. The influence of Xoo infection on xa25/Xa25 expression analysed by RT-PCR. ck, before pathogen inoculation; 1, 2 and 3 d after inoculation of Xoo.The number on the right of each gel picture indicates the cycles of PCR reaction. <br />
(a)Only infection of Xoo strain PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in susceptible rice variety Zhenshan 97 at seedling stage. <br />
(b)(b) PXO339 infection did not influence the expression of recessive xa25 in resistant rice varieties Zhonghua 11, Mudanjiang 8 and Nipponbare at seedling stage. <br />
(c)(c) PXO339 induced the expression of dominant Xa25 in Zhenshan 97 at booting stage.</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173715Os12g04762002014-05-28T15:36:42Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1), mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth.[1] This gene conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in both seedling and adult stages.[2] It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (see Fig. 2).[1] In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 . Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
[[File:Location.jpg]]<br />
[[File:function 2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its<br />
resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid<br />
differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not<br />
other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its<br />
susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family<br />
<br />
<br />
== Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family ==<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
<br />
Characterization of more R genes against Xoo will facilitate evaluation of this inference.This gene localized in rice chromosome 12 and was tentatively<br />
named as Xa25(t) (Chen, Wang & Zhang 2002).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Function_2.jpg&diff=173714File:Function 2.jpg2014-05-28T15:35:46Z<p>Smallant: Figure 2. Transgenic plants from line D175OMH10 carrying dominant Xa25 showed increased susceptibility to Xoo strain PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 at both seedling and adult stages. Bars represent mean (averaged from 5–10 plants, wi</p>
<hr />
<div>Figure 2. Transgenic plants from line D175OMH10 carrying dominant Xa25 showed increased susceptibility to Xoo strain PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 at both seedling and adult stages. Bars represent mean (averaged from 5–10 plants, with each plant having four to five inoculated leaves) ? standard deviation.The asterisk (*) indicates that a significant difference was detected<br />
between wild-type and transgenic plants at P < 0.01.</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173709Os12g04762002014-05-28T15:09:43Z<p>Smallant: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1)[[File:Location.jpg]], mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (Fig. 4b). In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 [[File:figure__2.jpg]]. Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its<br />
resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid<br />
differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not<br />
other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its<br />
susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family<br />
<br />
<br />
== Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family ==<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
<br />
Characterization of more R genes against Xoo will facilitate evaluation of this inference.This gene localized in rice chromosome 12 and was tentatively<br />
named as Xa25(t) (Chen, Wang & Zhang 2002).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Location.jpg&diff=173708File:Location.jpg2014-05-28T15:08:32Z<p>Smallant: Figure 1. The location of Xoo resistance gene xa25 on rice chromosome 12.The numbers between molecular markers indicate the genetic distances in centimorgans.The black circle indicates the centromere. (a) Mapping of xa25 using a sample containing 255 rand</p>
<hr />
<div>Figure 1. The location of Xoo resistance gene xa25 on rice chromosome 12.The numbers between molecular markers indicate the genetic distances in centimorgans.The black circle indicates the centromere. (a) Mapping of xa25 using a sample containing 255 random individuals from the mapping population.<br />
(b) Further fine mapping of xa25 using a sample containing 795 highly resistant individuals from the mapping population.The numbers in parentheses indicate recombinants detected between xa25 locus and the corresponding markers.</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173707Os12g04762002014-05-28T15:01:22Z<p>Smallant: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1)[[File:Figure_location.jpg]], mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (Fig. 4b). In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 [[File:figure__2.jpg]]. Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its<br />
resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid<br />
differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not<br />
other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its<br />
susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family<br />
<br />
<br />
== Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family ==<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
<br />
Characterization of more R genes against Xoo will facilitate evaluation of this inference.This gene localized in rice chromosome 12 and was tentatively<br />
named as Xa25(t) (Chen, Wang & Zhang 2002).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173704Os12g04762002014-05-28T14:54:39Z<p>Smallant: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1)[[File:Figure__01.jpg]], mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (Fig. 4b). In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 [[File:figure__2.jpg]]. Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its<br />
resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid<br />
differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not<br />
other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its<br />
susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family<br />
<br />
<br />
== Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family ==<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
<br />
Characterization of more R genes against Xoo will facilitate evaluation of this inference.This gene localized in rice chromosome 12 and was tentatively<br />
named as Xa25(t) (Chen, Wang & Zhang 2002).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173701Os12g04762002014-05-28T14:45:55Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Xa25(Os01g0136400) is a new dominant gene for bacterial blight resistance in rice, which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1)[[File:figure__1.jpg]], mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (Fig. 4b). In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 [[File:figure__2.jpg]]. Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased sus-<br />
ceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its<br />
resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid<br />
differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not<br />
other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its<br />
susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family<br />
<br />
<br />
== Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family ==<br />
'''Recessive xa25 belongs to the MtN3/saliva family'''<br />
<br />
<br />
Characterization of more R genes against Xoo will facilitate evaluation of this inference.This gene localized in rice chromosome 12 and was tentatively<br />
named as Xa25(t) (Chen, Wang & Zhang 2002).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Figure_1.jpg&diff=173695File:Figure 1.jpg2014-05-28T14:38:17Z<p>Smallant: uploaded a new version of &quot;File:Figure 1.jpg&quot;: Figure 1. The location of Xoo resistance gene xa25 on rice chromosome 12.The numbers between molecular markers indicate the genetic distances in centimorgans.The black circle indicates the centr</p>
<hr />
<div>Figure 1: Stigma traits in Asominori, AIS22 and IR24. (A) Morphology<br />
of stigmas of Asominori, AIS22 and IR24. Scale bar, 500µm. (B)<br />
Stigma exsertion in Asominori, AIS22 and IR24. Arrows indicate<br />
glumes retaining stigmas outside after enclosing the palea and lemma.</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173694Os12g04762002014-05-28T14:36:02Z<p>Smallant: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Os01g0136400 is a new dominant gene, for bacterial blight resistance in rice, Xa25(t), which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12(see Fig. 1)[[File:figure__1.jpg]], mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
Transgenic plants carrying dominant Xa25 was analysed for its responses to other Xoo strains at both seedling and adult stages. In seedling stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 carrying dominant Xa3/Xa26 and recessive xa25 was resistant to PXO339 and susceptible to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99. The transgenic plants showed significantly increased susceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 as compared<br />
with the wild-type and the susceptible control plants (Zhenshan 97) and had the same level of susceptibility to PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 (Fig. 4b). In the adult stage, the wild-type Minghui 63 was resistant to PXO339, moderately resistant to PXO61 and PXO341, and susceptible to PXO99 [[File:figure__2.jpg]]. Similar to the seedling stage, the transgenic plants only showed significantly increased sus-<br />
ceptibility (P < 0.01) to PXO339 but not Xoo strains PXO61, PXO341 and PXO99 as compared with wild-type plants at adult stage (see Fig. 2). These results suggest that the recessive xa25 confers race-specific resistance to PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its<br />
resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid<br />
differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not<br />
other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its<br />
susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Char-<br />
acterization of more R genes against Xoo will facilitate evaluation of this inference. In a previous study, we identi-<br />
fied and mapped a new R gene against Xoo in rice. This gene localized in rice chromosome 12 and was tentatively<br />
named as Xa25(t) (Chen, Wang & Zhang 2002).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173691Os12g04762002014-05-28T14:25:59Z<p>Smallant: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Os01g0136400 is a new dominant gene, for bacterial blight resistance in rice, Xa25(t), which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12, mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its<br />
resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid<br />
differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not<br />
other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its<br />
susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Char-<br />
acterization of more R genes against Xoo will facilitate evaluation of this inference. In a previous study, we identi-<br />
fied and mapped a new R gene against Xoo in rice. This gene localized in rice chromosome 12 and was tentatively<br />
named as Xa25(t) (Chen, Wang & Zhang 2002).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173690Os12g04762002014-05-28T14:22:00Z<p>Smallant: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Os01g0136400 is a new dominant gene, for bacterial blight resistance in rice, Xa25(t), which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12[[File:Figure_1.jpg]], mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its<br />
resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid<br />
differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not<br />
other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its<br />
susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Char-<br />
acterization of more R genes against Xoo will facilitate evaluation of this inference. In a previous study, we identi-<br />
fied and mapped a new R gene against Xoo in rice. This gene localized in rice chromosome 12 and was tentatively<br />
named as Xa25(t) (Chen, Wang & Zhang 2002).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Figure_1.jpg&diff=173685File:Figure 1.jpg2014-05-28T14:11:44Z<p>Smallant: uploaded a new version of &quot;File:Figure 1.jpg&quot;: Figure 1. The location of Xoo resistance gene xa25 on rice chromosome 12.The numbers between molecular markers indicate the genetic distances in centimorgans.The black circle indicates the centr</p>
<hr />
<div>Figure 1: Stigma traits in Asominori, AIS22 and IR24. (A) Morphology<br />
of stigmas of Asominori, AIS22 and IR24. Scale bar, 500µm. (B)<br />
Stigma exsertion in Asominori, AIS22 and IR24. Arrows indicate<br />
glumes retaining stigmas outside after enclosing the palea and lemma.</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173683Os12g04762002014-05-28T14:06:19Z<p>Smallant: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Os01g0136400 is a new dominant gene, for bacterial blight resistance in rice, Xa25(t), which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12[[File:Figure 1.jpg]], mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Transformation of the dominant Xa25 into a resistant rice line carrying the recessive xa25 abolished its<br />
resistance to PXO339. The encoding proteins of recessive xa25 and its dominant allele Xa25 have eight amino acid<br />
differences. The expression of dominant Xa25 but not recessive xa25 was rapidly induced by PXO339 but not<br />
other Xoo strain infections. The nature of xa25-encoding protein and its expression pattern in comparison with its<br />
susceptible allele in rice–Xoo interaction indicate that the mechanism of xa25-mediated resistance appears to be different from that conferred by most of the characterized R proteins.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Char-<br />
acterization of more R genes against Xoo will facilitate evaluation of this inference. In a previous study, we identi-<br />
fied and mapped a new R gene against Xoo in rice. This gene localized in rice chromosome 12 and was tentatively<br />
named as Xa25(t) (Chen, Wang & Zhang 2002).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173681Os12g04762002014-05-28T13:57:04Z<p>Smallant: /* Function */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Os01g0136400 is a new dominant gene, for bacterial blight resistance in rice, Xa25(t), which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
The xa25, localized in the centromeric region of chromosome 12, mediates race-specific resistance to Xoo strain PXO339 at both seedling and adult stages by inhibiting Xoo growth. It encodes a protein of the MtN3/saliva family, which is prevalent in eukaryotes, including mammals.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173680Os12g04762002014-05-28T13:51:30Z<p>Smallant: /* Annotated Information */</p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
<br />
Os01g0136400 is a new dominant gene, for bacterial blight resistance in rice, Xa25(t), which conferred resistance to Philippine race 9 (PXO339) of X. <br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Table_1.jpg&diff=173674File:Table 1.jpg2014-05-28T13:41:22Z<p>Smallant: uploaded a new version of &quot;File:Table 1.jpg&quot;</p>
<hr />
<div></div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os12g0476200&diff=173669Os12g04762002014-05-28T13:28:17Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
Please input function information here.<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
Please input evolution information here.<br />
<br />
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os12g0476200|<br />
Description = MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein family protein|<br />
Version = NM_001073287.2 GI:297613156 GeneID:4352201|<br />
Length = 3215 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0476200, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 12:17446841..17450055|<br />
CDS = 17448475..17448712,17448827..17448863,17449812..17449863|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008405:17446841..17450055<br />
source=RiceChromosome12<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctag</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MAGLSLQHPWAFAFGLLGNLISFTTYLAPIPTFYRIYKSKSTEG FQSVPYVVALFSAMLWIFYALIKSNEALLITINAAGCVIETIYIVMYLAYAPKKAKVR SMSSKP</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1344..1581#1193..1229#193..244#aagagttttcagccaacacattgaactcttcttcagagctctcccttccctccacaaagggggtctagggttagagtgtgtgtgtctgtgacaagttccaagctagcaacaacaagctcaattccttgcttgtttgcttccatattacactacatctcttcccttcaattaccccccttttagcacacaaaaatggctggcctgtccctgcagcatccctgggcttttgccttcggcctccttggtatatcatcatcacctaccacaactaagacattcccttcattgccaacattttacttctttttattagaaaccattgagtttgtacatataagctcagagttattacttgctggcagatacgcatagctagcgacgacatttagtgaggattacactttagtggtcatcatatataaaataataaaattgttgtgtttctttatttgttttttattttctagctagcttctttcagttattttcaacaaaaagaatttcttctagcacttttatttacagcagtttattatgtctatttgggcatattaattagctactagcgcataagctaaaaaccctactagccttccgaaggcaatatggatggtactcttgtagtaataagccaaaagctagatttgattttttttatttcttttggcttttgtctattagaattatacgcgcggcgccacccttaaaattgcaggcttaaaatccacaagcatataaactacaagggcctaagcatacttaatgagatgcacatagccatataatttttctgcttcttgttaaactatatatatacagcaagtcctcatcatttgtatgtatatcctacttgtggagcaaacattcgatcctttggtgcaacctctatatatttatgttgccatggagagagagtggaattaataggtcaagctatatagtactctaattaatgacatcatagtgcaccatgtaacacaataatttaaagaacaagttaaaagccaaggcacaatctttgttgcaaaggaaggcaagggctagacataaagtttgtaaacgtgtctatctatcacaacttatcacgtctggtcgctaccttagctgcctccatggggctctttactcgcattactttgccttttttcctttacaaaatcctgatcttgtttctgttcctttggctttgcaggcaacctcatatccttcacgacctatctggcaccaatgtaagtaactgaatttctacatgatatatacatatatagcttttgtgtaattttaattcccaatccgcaccgcgttccgtatccgataatatatgtgcataatattttatgcagcccgacgttctaccggatctacaagagcaagtcgacggaggggttccagtcggtgccgtacgtggtggcgctcttcagcgccatgctgtggatcttctacgcgctgatcaagtccaacgaggccctcctcatcaccatcaacgccgccggttgcgtcatcgagaccatctacatcgtcatgtacctcgcctacgcccccaagaaggccaaggttcgatccatgtcatccaaaccctagcactaccacagaaaccctatttcgatgccggtggggacttgggaaccaccctttgattctcgagtcgcaaccggcaccgatgagaggccccttacaggtgtcatcggttgtgaacaagaaccggcacctatataagattgttccatatttaccgttttgtagtagtaaaatataataattgacaagtatatatggttcgacgtcgtttttgcaggtgttcacgacgaagatcctgctgctgctgaacgtgggggtgttcggggtgatcctgctgctgacgctgctgctctcccatggcgagcagcgcgtcgtctccctcggctgggtctgcgtcgccttctccgtcagcgtctttgtcgcgccgctcagcatcatcgtatgtgcatatatacgatcagtcgtcgtcaatctctagctagctcatctttacttcgtgtcttggtttgatcgatcgatctcgttgctaactgaactgcttccatggacgatggatgcgatattgcagaagcgagtgatccagtcgaggagcgtggagtacatgcccttctccctctccctcacgctcaccctcagcgccgtcgtctggttcctctacggccttctcatcaaggacaaatacgtcgcggtaattattcaatcaattacctaattatttcttcaaatcacaaactgctcaattcaaatttatgtgtgtgaccacatgaattgtaattaagctaaaattgtgtgaatttttgcagcttcccaacatcctgggcttcacattcggtgtggtccagatggggctctacgtgttctacatgaacgcgacgccggtggccggcgaggggaaagaagggaaggggaagctggcggcggcggaggagctccccgtcgtcgtcaacgtcggcaagctcgccgccgccacgcccgacaggagcaccggcgccgtgcacgtgcacccagtcccgaggagctgcgcggcggaggcggcggcggccgagccggaggtgctcgtcgacattccgccgccgccgccgccgcgcgccgtcgaggtggccgccgtgtagggtccccggccggtcaacgcgtgcttgcatgggccatgcacgtgtgcagtaccacgtgccacgtacactttaatatgaactccagggcaaacttggaggagacaagctaccaccaattaattaacttaattattattactcatctttcccaaaatataattacttttagcctctaaaatttatctcaaaatatagcaacttcttcacctatattctcttataaaacaatcgtaaccttccattaattaaatttcttacatatatatttctcctcttatcaatcaatcccaactgcctttttttttcattttattcctgtaactttcgtaatatatccgtatatcctatctaaaacttattatattttgggatggtgatggtattatatatctttcttgcatgccatgcaactagagacgggggaagctatgtgtaatgtatgtgcatgtgtttctctggtgttggtttccgcttctgttgtattcatttgtatcggtcaatgggtatctattattcctaattagttccttgtacttgtaatgtatgtcaaaattaataaaaatgtaatcgataaatatctcttct</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073287.2 RefSeq:Os12g0476200]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0136400&diff=173663Os01g01364002014-05-28T13:09:39Z<p>Smallant: /* Evolution */</p>
<hr />
<div>The expression product of Os01g0136400 is wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) which is a transmembrane protein containing a cytoplasmic Ser/Thr kinase domain and an extracellular domain in contact with the pectin fraction of the plant cell walls.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
'''plays important roles in rice blast disease resistance'''<br />
<br />
Wall-associated protein kinases (WAKs) can phosphorylate OsRFP1, a putative transcription regulator recently identified in rice. OsRFP1 strongly interacts with the kinase domain of OsWAK1. This demonstrated that OsWAK1 is a functional protein kinase. A fusion protein of OsWAK1 with GFP was found to be localized on the cell surface. Northern blotting analysis showed that infection of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae significantly induced the OsWAK1 transcripts, and the accumulation of OsWAK1 mRNA occurred earlier and was more abundant in rice leaves infected with an incompatible race than with a compatible race of the blast fungus. OsWAK1 was also induced after treatment by mechanical wounding, SA and MeJA, but not by ABA. These results imply that OsWAK1 is a gene involved in plant defense. Furthermore, six transgenic rice lines with constitutive expression of OsWAK1 became resistant to the compatible race. However, OsWAK1 expression was undetectable in leaves, stems and flowers but very weak in roots under normal growth conditions. This provides functional evidence that induction of OsWAK1 as novel RLK plays important roles in plant disease resistance.[1] Oligogalacturonides (OGs) released from the plant cell wall are active both as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) for the activation of the plant immune response and regulators of plant growth and development. Members of the Wall-Associated Kinase (WAK) family are candidate receptors of OGs, due to their ability to bind in vitro these oligosaccharides. Because lethality and redundancy have hampered the study of WAKs by reverse genetics, we have adopted a chimeric receptor approach to elucidate the role of Arabidopsis WAK1.[2]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
A comparative analysis on protein kinases encoded in the completely sequenced genomes of two plant species, namely Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa spp japonica cv. Nipponbare is reported in the current study. We have analysed 836 and 1386 kinases identified from A. thaliana and the O. sativa genomes respectively. Their classification into known subfamilies reveals selective expansions of the plant receptor kinase subfamily comprising of Ser/Thr receptor kinases. The presence of calcium dependent kinases, and potential absence of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase of the type found in other (non-plant) eukaryotes, are other notable features of the two plant kinomes described here.<br />
<br />
An analysis on domain organisation of each of the protein kinases encoded in the plant genome has been carried out. Uncommon composition of functional domains like nuclear translocation factor domain, redox sensor domain (PAS), ACT and lectin domains are observed in few protein kinases shared between the two plant species. Biochemical functions characteristic of the domains recruited in these protein kinase gene products suggest their mode of regulation by alternate cellular localisation, oxidation potential, amino acid flux and binding of carbohydrates. Occurrence of multi-functional kinases with diverse enzymatic modules, such as Transposases and peptidases, tethered to the kinase catalytic domain is another interesting feature of the protein kinase complement of the O. sativa genome. Co-occurrence of diverse nucleotide and carbohydrate binding domains with catalytic kinase domain containing gene products has also been observed. Putative homologues of protein kinases of A. thaliana that regulate plant-specific physiological processes like ethylene hormone response, somatic embryogenesis and pathogen defence have been identified in O. sativa genome as well.[3]<br />
Intron-exon structure is conserved between theWAK and WAKL genes. The diagram shows a standardized depiction of a WAK or WAKL gene from each of the four groups (I-IV). Exons are represented by boxes. Introns are represented as ‘V’s. Regions of each gene encoding functional domains are indicated with shaded boxes: N-terminal signal sequence (black), EGF2-like domain (red), calcium-binding EGF domain (blue), transmembrane domain (green), and Ser/Thr protein kinase active site (orange).<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
The wall-associated kinase (WAK) gene family, one of the receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene families in plants, plays important roles in cell expansion, pathogen resistance, and heavy-metal stress tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Through a reiterative database search and manual reannotation, we identified 125 OsWAK gene family members from rice (Oryza sativa) japonica cv Nipponbare; 37 (approximately 30%) OsWAKs were corrected/reannotated from earlier automated annotations. Of the 125 OsWAKs, 67 are receptor-like kinases, 28 receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, 13 receptor-like proteins, 12 short genes, and five pseudogenes.(see Table 1) The two-intron gene structure of the Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes is generally conserved in OsWAKs; however, extra/missed introns were observed in some OsWAKs either in extracellular regions or in protein kinase domains. In addition to the 38 OsWAKs with full-length cDNA sequences and the 11 with rice expressed sequence tag sequences, gene expression analyses, using tiling-microarray analysis of the 20 OsWAKs on chromosome 10 and reverse transcription-PCR analysis for five OsWAKs, indicate that the majority of identified OsWAKs are likely expressed in rice.[4] Phylogenetic analyses of OsWAKs, Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes, and barley (Hordeum vulgare) HvWAKs show that the OsWAK gene family expanded in the rice genome due to lineage-specific expansion of the family in monocots. Localized gene duplications appear to be the primary genetic event in OsWAK gene family expansion and the 125 OsWAKs, present on all 12 chromosomes, are mostly clustered.<br />
[[File:table 1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
<br />
1.Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824<br />
<br />
2.Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California 94132<br />
<br />
3.Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720<br />
<br />
4.Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520–8104<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
1.Santy Peraza-Echeverria, Andrew James-Kay, Blondy Canto-Canché, Eduardo Castillo-Castro (2007).Structural and phylogenetic analysis of Pto-type disease resistance gene candidates in banana. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 278,443-453.<br />
<br />
2.Alexandre Brutusa; Francesca Siciliaa, Alberto Maconeb, Felice Cervonea, and Giulia De Lorenzoa (2010). A domain swap approach reveals a role of the plant wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) as a receptor of oligogalacturonides. Alexandre Brutus, doi: 10.1073.<br />
<br />
3.A. Krupa, Anamika, and N. Srinivasan (2006).Genome-wide comparative analyses of domain organisation of repertoires of protein kinases of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. elsevier 380,1-13.<br />
<br />
4.Shibo Zhang, Calvin Chen, Lei Li, Ling Meng, Jaswinder Singh, Ning Jiang, Xingwang Deng, Zhenghui He and Peggy G. Lemaux (2005). Evolutionary Expansion, Gene Structure, and Expression of the Rice Wall-Associated Kinase Gene Family. American Society of Plant Biologists 139,07-24.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0136400|<br />
Description = Protein kinase-like domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001048492.1 GI:115434397 GeneID:4325700|<br />
Length = 9605 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0136400, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:1956847..1966451|<br />
CDS = 1957104..1958041,1958213..1958467,1958587..1958619,1965545..1966325|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaatagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MHPTLLCLPLLASLLLLCHRARAECEPATCGNLTVRYPFWLGGP NFNQSNQSSPSSALASCGHPAFEVWCNGGVASLRGSQILVLSIDYNSSSFVAAHKRVA DGGDGVCRTDFNISSSLALSPFTISSSNRAICFLYSCNGTEPPEIDGLVNATISSCSK PIYAYLGGIYDRDNPPAIKAGNCTYSYLPVLWPDSPANLTAGTNYSPQFKKGFVLEWQ KNGFGDCDACNGSGGQCRYINDSAAAFACLCSDGKLRRSTCPGSRSKSHIIGIACGSS GGILLIVSIFIFAWHKRKKRKQTRDLKDLMHSSSSMQSYSKDLELGGSPHIFTYEELE EATAGFSASRELGDGGFGTVYKGKLRDGRVVAVKRLYKNNYRRVEQFLNEVDILSRLL HQNLVILYGCTSRSSRDLLLVYEYIPNGTVADHLHGPRAGERGLTWPVRMTIAIETAE ALAYLHAVEIIHRDVKTNNILLDNNFHVKVADFGLSRLFPLEVTHVSTVPQGTPGYVD PVYHQCYKLTDKSDVYSFGVVLIELISSKPAVDMSRSHSDINLANMALNRIQNHEVDQ LVDPEIGYETDSETKRMVDLVAELAFQCLQMDRESRPPIKEVVEVLNCIKNGECPAEK MNKNASPKEDSHLLKDSLQYSPDSVIHRFHSQSTNHSVASNSSG</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>8411..9348#7985..8239#7833..7865#127..907#agtcaagaaaaacaaggcaatggcaatagcatttctcgagcattagaccttcccctccctttccagcattctgctgctctccaatccggcctccattgtgtagcagctagctccacgagcggcaagatgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggtgagtaccacacttgcctatcgcccaatctgacgcatgtgttagctagttgaagattttggctcggtgtacggttaactggacggccaaattggcgcgttgcgatcggtagccatgtactccgatcccaaagttgcaatctctcgtaggtcccatgtggatttggagttgaattactggcccacgtcaatgtccttggattttactcaacctctcgctcgctcgcggtctcgggtagttacatgggcggctggctagtcagctgcagagatggtggtaaattttgggagggtttgcctcggtggtgacgttgacgacgacttatcaagcaggctgcaggcaggagttgacatgggcggctagtcactggttcttccattgaccacccagcgtgattgattcttgggtaaacgcatgaattccgtcctttcctttgtctctgtctcccaacttcccagggcagagatccttctgatccttctgcttccccctcttctttttcccccgaaaattcaccattctcattagtgaactggttcattattaggacaaataagacgttagcagtagttgcctgaagcttcgagtgtgttgagctggtccataaactaatgctcatagtaggtgacaatgtaaatcattagtacatgatcaccaagtggcattctgcgtagaagtaccaaaatagtggggacagatgggcacgggctaaatttggcatcgtgcacggcgcaccagccgctaccaggggctttctttgaactgataaggctaacgggataagttacgctttatatctttcgaaagcggtcaatcggagttgttagaagtggcgggccatgaatttttggagccgaaagaagcgaatattaaggaaagacctaatatcaaataattagaagggttgatactttgaacccagatcgtctcgttcaccatcttgtggagctagccggaagaccctggacgtttctcaaatttttggagcccaacatatacgcagacataattggaaacacaatggaaagctcaacatataagacatcataatggtgcgatctattggcttcttaaccttagttactgctccctccggtacaaaaatcttgatgttttaaccttgtaaatggtgattgcgaattgttaatgcttctatcttagcatgttatattggaccgctttgccctacatgcttggaagtaaaaaccaagtaaaaaagctagggaattggacctttagctcgcaccgatacaggtgattaattcaaaccaacggcagcagtgtagtgattaccatgagtacaatactatatttaatatggtaaaatagtaaattgatactgtaatatggagtaaatcacttcttggtatgtgagatcatgttcaaaacatcaataattttgaaactggaaggagtacacactgcccttctcaacttttaaacgctactatttccaaaaagaaaactttaaaatgcaataaacagatatgaaaaactgttccctcaaaaaatatatgaaaaattcaaaacaggaaatgcggtagtgctagaaatatgaaattatgaactttaatcagtgtagtttgtattgaaattttaatacaatggggaatgaaagcttatataaaaataaaaaatatatagaaaatgcaaaacaatatactaccttggtgcccccattaacgatagtactagagattgccaccactaagctaattccggtctatgagtctatccaagtgcttttacataaaagagcattgtgagctttgctgataatgacatagatttcggcaaaatatggtaccaaatgctaatgcctttcctgcaaagattctgattctaggagttgatagatacctacataatttttaggcttacttttttttcaaaattactttccaaattgttgaaatgaattttgtgctctacgctcctaaaatatattttctcaaaaaaatattctattgtattgcacacttgttttaagttcatttattaaatgtttaatttataactacaatcaagtagataatctgtacaacaatccacttaataatccttagattgtgtttgagtgatgaaatgagaaaattaagaagatacaacaaacaagatgagtcattagcttatatgaattgagtattaactgttttaaatttgaaactatatgaattgagtattactttattatatttatctataaacatagttaaacatgagacagtttgactgaccaaaaatcaaaacaacttataatctaaaacggagggagtactggttagtggtaggaactagcaacgcagcacatatgtgttcaatctgcattaggtttttggttagagagaagatactagatattaacacgtttttatcagaaagtactccttctgtcctatattattaggttcagaaaaatgtatctacaagttctcataatattaggatatgtcaaattaggtaggtttttattaaacacatgaagtattctgtaggagtttttttttagttttagttacatccgtacaggtaagcgttgaccggttggaaagtggactagtctctgcttaccggcaagagtaggtgtggaacaaagggcgtagtagcctgttatacaacaggtagaaaacaatggtggacagcagcgtgcactagctagctggaagagggttaataggagtacacgacgatgagtccggacaaactggtccagtcacatcagggcggttataacagctagctgcccatagggcaccccggaaactcgcacgcgtggacgacgatcgttcgtgtatcaggtcaaacatttcgacacagaggaatagttcccgtgtgcaaagtttcttacttccatctcccccacaaacttccatctccttcagaaatcccctatccccctcctcctctttctgtctcgatgtccccgagcttcttctttgtcgtcgtctcggcctggtcgctagcgctgatgctcgccgcggcggcgaggggagccgaggaggaaggaggaggaggctgcctgggcagccagaaatgcggcgacctgaatatctcctctccgttctggatcatccagggccaggcggataagccgtgtggtcctctggattaccaggtatattgcaacaactccaccggcgtcgcaactcttcgaagctctacagacagcgggtttgatatcatcaacatatcatatggggaccgtactatgctcgtctttgatgtccataagctagctcgcctgaataactccaccggctgcagtatcccagtgtttaacaccttcgccaagctgcccatcacgtttacaatcagcccttccaatcacaacctcgtcttctacaactgcaccgaggcgccgccggcggagcagcagcaacaactggggctcgtggagacgagatgcggtaacaacacgtttgctcgcctgggagggcgtttccacggggagggcgactacgacaagtactatttggaaggctgcagcagaaacagcaccgtcttcttgccggtgctggaaccgcctgatggcaaggcgaacgccagcaggtatgtggagctcgtgggtggaggcttcctcataacatgggacctgccaccgccagtgacatcttctggtaagttcaccctccctgaaactattaggatcaagttcgtatagaaaatccactgtatatcctgatacttccgatctccaagcgagtactagtagaatacggttctcgctcatcagcgtgtaggacagggaatctgtcgattggctgatagggtcgtcatcttgcccaatcgtggcggctgggcaacagggatgagcaagaattaaactagaattaaagtgatcaaagcagtggaccatgaccgtcctttcgcattccatctcactccggtgccattccttccaatcttcgatcctgttctggtacatgactgagaagaccatgcacatctgttggaattggaaccgatacggcaagacgatgaggccgtagacagccattatccagtcaattttttcggccactacagagaattcccaaagttaaatgtatcgtactagaagaagaagtagcagtattaattctctcatgtcttcctcaatcctcatcaacaacacatcaccaattcatcctcttcgttttcgatgccctctccttccttgttcctcttgttcgcctgcctcgcctgggcgagtcaagcagcgaatacggcggcagacaatcgtccacaagaaggctgcgcggccagtactgtatgtggcaaggtgaccatctcgtcgccgttcgccgtcgtgccggagcaggcaacggagagcaaatgcggctggcttggattccaggttatctgccacaacgacactccatacctcggctactacaagcccagatatcggatccagatcctcgacatcttctacggcaacaattcattgctcgtctctgacatccacaagctcggtgacttcattgtcttctccggcgtcagcaaagaatactcctgccatgttccgaggaccaacacctcctccaaggtcggcctcccgttctccatcagcaccaccaatctcaacctcttcctgtacagttgcaataaggcgcttgtgccgcgggacggagacgacgacctcgtggagacgaggtgcggcaacaagacgtttgctcgcgtaggagggaattacagtgattcgggcgactacccggcgttttacatggaaggctgcaatgctaccgtcgtgccggtgctgggcacggacgcgaggagctatgagcagctcatccgcgacggcttcctcttgacatggcaagagacgccgtcatctggtaagttcgttcgcgaaattatccatttaatcatcactttcgggaggaggaaatgcgtaaaatttatggtgtcaactttatcgaatccgttaatcaatcagtgacttgtttattggttgataaggcagtcgtcatcgctaatccatctccgacctttggatatcgaaatcagagaaatatatgcaaaaactatactcccttcgtttcacgatgtaaatcattttagcgtttcttacgttaatattgatgttaattaatctagacatatatacctatctagatttattaacatcaatataaacgtgaaaaatactatagtgatgaaacggagaaaatagtacggagtacttcgtcaagaagctgtagcagcagagagagtagtagcaatgtagcagtatgttcaatccgtagactttgaccggtcaaaaccgcttcgccaccgtccttttgccccacgcctcatatcccatccctcgatctctcgtccccttcttctctctcatataatccatttcaccactgcattccgtagttgatttgcgtacccaagtccaccagatatgcctccgctcatactgctactgctggtagcttccttcctcgagttgccggcaccggcgagctcgtctagtcctggctgcttgcccacgccatgcggcaagctgaccatctcctacccgttctggctggaggagcccggccggccgccgtgcgggtcgccgcccttccagctcaagtgcaacgccaccggcgcatacctcacgcacaccatctacgaggcgtatcgcgttgttgatatcttcaccggaaaccacaccgtccatgtggtggacgagaatctcccgctcgccaccggctgcccggcgccgccgttcaacatctccgatggcatctggcaggcgccgttcgtcatcagcgaagccaacgcagagctgcgcttcctctcgtgtaacaagtcacttccggcggcggctgctcctcccggcttccatagcctgccttgtgatgaccaaaactcctccgtccggctcgtcagcgaccaccatttacacgaggatgggattccaccgggctgtaacttcacggttgtgccgatcgttcagcgtcacaatgggagtatggccggctatattgccagcatgaggagtgggtttctactagagtgggcggtggtttcaggggattgtcccaaatgtcaagtaagcggcgggaattgcacgtacagcgacgacctggagttcgcctgcaattgccccgacgggatgcaccctgacaagtgtagagagttcagaaaatcggaagagcacggtaaatttgtccagtcaattatcaattagaataaaaattttaacatagttctgtgaacatgcagcctaggccatcctaaccgattcaatgcatccaaagtgtgttcatctagttgatagttttctttatatatatagaaaagaatgacacatcatttcgttatacaggaagatttccatgctactgtggcctaatgtccactagataaactcttattataataatgcgcgtgacatctagttttgctatcgaggaaagaaattaaacacagcattgtcacagcaatgttcataagaatataaaatgcaaagtggatattgatatttttgttttgaattatgagtgtttgcttcaagttcctgctgttttggttgttagtttctcatcaaacaattatttcactgatgggaacattggcatttggcagcttatggaatcctagtcaaacgtgttacgtgtagtttgaagtattcaactacactatctgataaagatatcataccaataccatgttccaatttttcttctgctgattgctgactgacgaagaaatccctcatctgattgacagcaaataccctttcattttctaatccttaattagtgtgttccaaacatgtggaaagcataaattgcatctgtatttctgttgaattaggctgaaaagttgtataagcactgtccttcgtttcaacagggggttaggggagcaatgataccctaacaatgtgattatgaatgatcattctatttgttcatggcatatttgtgcaaggtattaaaagtctgttcttctgcaggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaataggtgagtataattcattcttgtttcttggacttccccaaccattcaaaatgtaattatgaagatatgcttcagatccttggttctcacatattgatagtgctctgtctctgttattgcagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggtaggagaatatgtttgcacaactcccttgttgttaatagatttctcatctaatcacttcctcattagcatgcctaattgcatgcgacaggggctccgttgaactttgttccataatagataacttcccctattaacttagcagttacaattcttcctttctgccattcaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatgatgagaaactttgtattgattctgatgaaataaggataactaagttgtcccctcttggttgatggactaattaatactacaagtgtttgactatgagcttggcagaaattcagacaattggtgaatgcggtaggagaaatacagggttcaaacaatctcgtgtaatctagtgttcagtgtgttcatgatttcaggttagcgagtggtatcagggagaacacatcccattgttaccctaactagaggttgcaattttgc</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001048492.1 RefSeq:Os01g0136400]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Table_1.jpg&diff=173659File:Table 1.jpg2014-05-28T13:03:40Z<p>Smallant: </p>
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<div></div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0136400&diff=173658Os01g01364002014-05-28T12:48:17Z<p>Smallant: /* Evolution */</p>
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<div>The expression product of Os01g0136400 is wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) which is a transmembrane protein containing a cytoplasmic Ser/Thr kinase domain and an extracellular domain in contact with the pectin fraction of the plant cell walls.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
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'''plays important roles in rice blast disease resistance'''<br />
<br />
Wall-associated protein kinases (WAKs) can phosphorylate OsRFP1, a putative transcription regulator recently identified in rice. OsRFP1 strongly interacts with the kinase domain of OsWAK1. This demonstrated that OsWAK1 is a functional protein kinase. A fusion protein of OsWAK1 with GFP was found to be localized on the cell surface. Northern blotting analysis showed that infection of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae significantly induced the OsWAK1 transcripts, and the accumulation of OsWAK1 mRNA occurred earlier and was more abundant in rice leaves infected with an incompatible race than with a compatible race of the blast fungus. OsWAK1 was also induced after treatment by mechanical wounding, SA and MeJA, but not by ABA. These results imply that OsWAK1 is a gene involved in plant defense. Furthermore, six transgenic rice lines with constitutive expression of OsWAK1 became resistant to the compatible race. However, OsWAK1 expression was undetectable in leaves, stems and flowers but very weak in roots under normal growth conditions. This provides functional evidence that induction of OsWAK1 as novel RLK plays important roles in plant disease resistance.[1] Oligogalacturonides (OGs) released from the plant cell wall are active both as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) for the activation of the plant immune response and regulators of plant growth and development. Members of the Wall-Associated Kinase (WAK) family are candidate receptors of OGs, due to their ability to bind in vitro these oligosaccharides. Because lethality and redundancy have hampered the study of WAKs by reverse genetics, we have adopted a chimeric receptor approach to elucidate the role of Arabidopsis WAK1.[2]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
A comparative analysis on protein kinases encoded in the completely sequenced genomes of two plant species, namely Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa spp japonica cv. Nipponbare is reported in the current study. We have analysed 836 and 1386 kinases identified from A. thaliana and the O. sativa genomes respectively. Their classification into known subfamilies reveals selective expansions of the plant receptor kinase subfamily comprising of Ser/Thr receptor kinases. The presence of calcium dependent kinases, and potential absence of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase of the type found in other (non-plant) eukaryotes, are other notable features of the two plant kinomes described here.<br />
<br />
An analysis on domain organisation of each of the protein kinases encoded in the plant genome has been carried out. Uncommon composition of functional domains like nuclear translocation factor domain, redox sensor domain (PAS), ACT and lectin domains are observed in few protein kinases shared between the two plant species. Biochemical functions characteristic of the domains recruited in these protein kinase gene products suggest their mode of regulation by alternate cellular localisation, oxidation potential, amino acid flux and binding of carbohydrates. Occurrence of multi-functional kinases with diverse enzymatic modules, such as Transposases and peptidases, tethered to the kinase catalytic domain is another interesting feature of the protein kinase complement of the O. sativa genome. Co-occurrence of diverse nucleotide and carbohydrate binding domains with catalytic kinase domain containing gene products has also been observed. Putative homologues of protein kinases of A. thaliana that regulate plant-specific physiological processes like ethylene hormone response, somatic embryogenesis and pathogen defence have been identified in O. sativa genome as well.[3]<br />
Intron-exon structure is conserved between theWAK and WAKL genes. The diagram shows a standardized depiction of a WAK or WAKL gene from each of the four groups (I-IV). Exons are represented by boxes. Introns are represented as ‘V’s. Regions of each gene encoding functional domains are indicated with shaded boxes: N-terminal signal sequence (black), EGF2-like domain (red), calcium-binding EGF domain (blue), transmembrane domain (green), and Ser/Thr protein kinase active site (orange).<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
The wall-associated kinase (WAK) gene family, one of the receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene families in plants, plays important roles in cell expansion, pathogen resistance, and heavy-metal stress tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Through a reiterative database search and manual reannotation, we identified 125 OsWAK gene family members from rice (Oryza sativa) japonica cv Nipponbare; 37 (approximately 30%) OsWAKs were corrected/reannotated from earlier automated annotations. Of the 125 OsWAKs, 67 are receptor-like kinases, 28 receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, 13 receptor-like proteins, 12 short genes, and five pseudogenes.[[File:table 1.jpg]] The two-intron gene structure of the Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes is generally conserved in OsWAKs; however, extra/missed introns were observed in some OsWAKs either in extracellular regions or in protein kinase domains. In addition to the 38 OsWAKs with full-length cDNA sequences and the 11 with rice expressed sequence tag sequences, gene expression analyses, using tiling-microarray analysis of the 20 OsWAKs on chromosome 10 and reverse transcription-PCR analysis for five OsWAKs, indicate that the majority of identified OsWAKs are likely expressed in rice.[4] Phylogenetic analyses of OsWAKs, Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes, and barley (Hordeum vulgare) HvWAKs show that the OsWAK gene family expanded in the rice genome due to lineage-specific expansion of the family in monocots. Localized gene duplications appear to be the primary genetic event in OsWAK gene family expansion and the 125 OsWAKs, present on all 12 chromosomes, are mostly clustered.<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
<br />
1.Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824<br />
<br />
2.Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California 94132<br />
<br />
3.Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720<br />
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4.Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520–8104<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
1.Santy Peraza-Echeverria, Andrew James-Kay, Blondy Canto-Canché, Eduardo Castillo-Castro (2007).Structural and phylogenetic analysis of Pto-type disease resistance gene candidates in banana. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 278,443-453.<br />
<br />
2.Alexandre Brutusa; Francesca Siciliaa, Alberto Maconeb, Felice Cervonea, and Giulia De Lorenzoa (2010). A domain swap approach reveals a role of the plant wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) as a receptor of oligogalacturonides. Alexandre Brutus, doi: 10.1073.<br />
<br />
3.A. Krupa, Anamika, and N. Srinivasan (2006).Genome-wide comparative analyses of domain organisation of repertoires of protein kinases of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. elsevier 380,1-13.<br />
<br />
4.Shibo Zhang, Calvin Chen, Lei Li, Ling Meng, Jaswinder Singh, Ning Jiang, Xingwang Deng, Zhenghui He and Peggy G. Lemaux (2005). Evolutionary Expansion, Gene Structure, and Expression of the Rice Wall-Associated Kinase Gene Family. American Society of Plant Biologists 139,07-24.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0136400|<br />
Description = Protein kinase-like domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001048492.1 GI:115434397 GeneID:4325700|<br />
Length = 9605 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0136400, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:1956847..1966451|<br />
CDS = 1957104..1958041,1958213..1958467,1958587..1958619,1965545..1966325|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaatagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MHPTLLCLPLLASLLLLCHRARAECEPATCGNLTVRYPFWLGGP NFNQSNQSSPSSALASCGHPAFEVWCNGGVASLRGSQILVLSIDYNSSSFVAAHKRVA DGGDGVCRTDFNISSSLALSPFTISSSNRAICFLYSCNGTEPPEIDGLVNATISSCSK PIYAYLGGIYDRDNPPAIKAGNCTYSYLPVLWPDSPANLTAGTNYSPQFKKGFVLEWQ KNGFGDCDACNGSGGQCRYINDSAAAFACLCSDGKLRRSTCPGSRSKSHIIGIACGSS GGILLIVSIFIFAWHKRKKRKQTRDLKDLMHSSSSMQSYSKDLELGGSPHIFTYEELE EATAGFSASRELGDGGFGTVYKGKLRDGRVVAVKRLYKNNYRRVEQFLNEVDILSRLL HQNLVILYGCTSRSSRDLLLVYEYIPNGTVADHLHGPRAGERGLTWPVRMTIAIETAE ALAYLHAVEIIHRDVKTNNILLDNNFHVKVADFGLSRLFPLEVTHVSTVPQGTPGYVD PVYHQCYKLTDKSDVYSFGVVLIELISSKPAVDMSRSHSDINLANMALNRIQNHEVDQ LVDPEIGYETDSETKRMVDLVAELAFQCLQMDRESRPPIKEVVEVLNCIKNGECPAEK MNKNASPKEDSHLLKDSLQYSPDSVIHRFHSQSTNHSVASNSSG</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>8411..9348#7985..8239#7833..7865#127..907#agtcaagaaaaacaaggcaatggcaatagcatttctcgagcattagaccttcccctccctttccagcattctgctgctctccaatccggcctccattgtgtagcagctagctccacgagcggcaagatgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggtgagtaccacacttgcctatcgcccaatctgacgcatgtgttagctagttgaagattttggctcggtgtacggttaactggacggccaaattggcgcgttgcgatcggtagccatgtactccgatcccaaagttgcaatctctcgtaggtcccatgtggatttggagttgaattactggcccacgtcaatgtccttggattttactcaacctctcgctcgctcgcggtctcgggtagttacatgggcggctggctagtcagctgcagagatggtggtaaattttgggagggtttgcctcggtggtgacgttgacgacgacttatcaagcaggctgcaggcaggagttgacatgggcggctagtcactggttcttccattgaccacccagcgtgattgattcttgggtaaacgcatgaattccgtcctttcctttgtctctgtctcccaacttcccagggcagagatccttctgatccttctgcttccccctcttctttttcccccgaaaattcaccattctcattagtgaactggttcattattaggacaaataagacgttagcagtagttgcctgaagcttcgagtgtgttgagctggtccataaactaatgctcatagtaggtgacaatgtaaatcattagtacatgatcaccaagtggcattctgcgtagaagtaccaaaatagtggggacagatgggcacgggctaaatttggcatcgtgcacggcgcaccagccgctaccaggggctttctttgaactgataaggctaacgggataagttacgctttatatctttcgaaagcggtcaatcggagttgttagaagtggcgggccatgaatttttggagccgaaagaagcgaatattaaggaaagacctaatatcaaataattagaagggttgatactttgaacccagatcgtctcgttcaccatcttgtggagctagccggaagaccctggacgtttctcaaatttttggagcccaacatatacgcagacataattggaaacacaatggaaagctcaacatataagacatcataatggtgcgatctattggcttcttaaccttagttactgctccctccggtacaaaaatcttgatgttttaaccttgtaaatggtgattgcgaattgttaatgcttctatcttagcatgttatattggaccgctttgccctacatgcttggaagtaaaaaccaagtaaaaaagctagggaattggacctttagctcgcaccgatacaggtgattaattcaaaccaacggcagcagtgtagtgattaccatgagtacaatactatatttaatatggtaaaatagtaaattgatactgtaatatggagtaaatcacttcttggtatgtgagatcatgttcaaaacatcaataattttgaaactggaaggagtacacactgcccttctcaacttttaaacgctactatttccaaaaagaaaactttaaaatgcaataaacagatatgaaaaactgttccctcaaaaaatatatgaaaaattcaaaacaggaaatgcggtagtgctagaaatatgaaattatgaactttaatcagtgtagtttgtattgaaattttaatacaatggggaatgaaagcttatataaaaataaaaaatatatagaaaatgcaaaacaatatactaccttggtgcccccattaacgatagtactagagattgccaccactaagctaattccggtctatgagtctatccaagtgcttttacataaaagagcattgtgagctttgctgataatgacatagatttcggcaaaatatggtaccaaatgctaatgcctttcctgcaaagattctgattctaggagttgatagatacctacataatttttaggcttacttttttttcaaaattactttccaaattgttgaaatgaattttgtgctctacgctcctaaaatatattttctcaaaaaaatattctattgtattgcacacttgttttaagttcatttattaaatgtttaatttataactacaatcaagtagataatctgtacaacaatccacttaataatccttagattgtgtttgagtgatgaaatgagaaaattaagaagatacaacaaacaagatgagtcattagcttatatgaattgagtattaactgttttaaatttgaaactatatgaattgagtattactttattatatttatctataaacatagttaaacatgagacagtttgactgaccaaaaatcaaaacaacttataatctaaaacggagggagtactggttagtggtaggaactagcaacgcagcacatatgtgttcaatctgcattaggtttttggttagagagaagatactagatattaacacgtttttatcagaaagtactccttctgtcctatattattaggttcagaaaaatgtatctacaagttctcataatattaggatatgtcaaattaggtaggtttttattaaacacatgaagtattctgtaggagtttttttttagttttagttacatccgtacaggtaagcgttgaccggttggaaagtggactagtctctgcttaccggcaagagtaggtgtggaacaaagggcgtagtagcctgttatacaacaggtagaaaacaatggtggacagcagcgtgcactagctagctggaagagggttaataggagtacacgacgatgagtccggacaaactggtccagtcacatcagggcggttataacagctagctgcccatagggcaccccggaaactcgcacgcgtggacgacgatcgttcgtgtatcaggtcaaacatttcgacacagaggaatagttcccgtgtgcaaagtttcttacttccatctcccccacaaacttccatctccttcagaaatcccctatccccctcctcctctttctgtctcgatgtccccgagcttcttctttgtcgtcgtctcggcctggtcgctagcgctgatgctcgccgcggcggcgaggggagccgaggaggaaggaggaggaggctgcctgggcagccagaaatgcggcgacctgaatatctcctctccgttctggatcatccagggccaggcggataagccgtgtggtcctctggattaccaggtatattgcaacaactccaccggcgtcgcaactcttcgaagctctacagacagcgggtttgatatcatcaacatatcatatggggaccgtactatgctcgtctttgatgtccataagctagctcgcctgaataactccaccggctgcagtatcccagtgtttaacaccttcgccaagctgcccatcacgtttacaatcagcccttccaatcacaacctcgtcttctacaactgcaccgaggcgccgccggcggagcagcagcaacaactggggctcgtggagacgagatgcggtaacaacacgtttgctcgcctgggagggcgtttccacggggagggcgactacgacaagtactatttggaaggctgcagcagaaacagcaccgtcttcttgccggtgctggaaccgcctgatggcaaggcgaacgccagcaggtatgtggagctcgtgggtggaggcttcctcataacatgggacctgccaccgccagtgacatcttctggtaagttcaccctccctgaaactattaggatcaagttcgtatagaaaatccactgtatatcctgatacttccgatctccaagcgagtactagtagaatacggttctcgctcatcagcgtgtaggacagggaatctgtcgattggctgatagggtcgtcatcttgcccaatcgtggcggctgggcaacagggatgagcaagaattaaactagaattaaagtgatcaaagcagtggaccatgaccgtcctttcgcattccatctcactccggtgccattccttccaatcttcgatcctgttctggtacatgactgagaagaccatgcacatctgttggaattggaaccgatacggcaagacgatgaggccgtagacagccattatccagtcaattttttcggccactacagagaattcccaaagttaaatgtatcgtactagaagaagaagtagcagtattaattctctcatgtcttcctcaatcctcatcaacaacacatcaccaattcatcctcttcgttttcgatgccctctccttccttgttcctcttgttcgcctgcctcgcctgggcgagtcaagcagcgaatacggcggcagacaatcgtccacaagaaggctgcgcggccagtactgtatgtggcaaggtgaccatctcgtcgccgttcgccgtcgtgccggagcaggcaacggagagcaaatgcggctggcttggattccaggttatctgccacaacgacactccatacctcggctactacaagcccagatatcggatccagatcctcgacatcttctacggcaacaattcattgctcgtctctgacatccacaagctcggtgacttcattgtcttctccggcgtcagcaaagaatactcctgccatgttccgaggaccaacacctcctccaaggtcggcctcccgttctccatcagcaccaccaatctcaacctcttcctgtacagttgcaataaggcgcttgtgccgcgggacggagacgacgacctcgtggagacgaggtgcggcaacaagacgtttgctcgcgtaggagggaattacagtgattcgggcgactacccggcgttttacatggaaggctgcaatgctaccgtcgtgccggtgctgggcacggacgcgaggagctatgagcagctcatccgcgacggcttcctcttgacatggcaagagacgccgtcatctggtaagttcgttcgcgaaattatccatttaatcatcactttcgggaggaggaaatgcgtaaaatttatggtgtcaactttatcgaatccgttaatcaatcagtgacttgtttattggttgataaggcagtcgtcatcgctaatccatctccgacctttggatatcgaaatcagagaaatatatgcaaaaactatactcccttcgtttcacgatgtaaatcattttagcgtttcttacgttaatattgatgttaattaatctagacatatatacctatctagatttattaacatcaatataaacgtgaaaaatactatagtgatgaaacggagaaaatagtacggagtacttcgtcaagaagctgtagcagcagagagagtagtagcaatgtagcagtatgttcaatccgtagactttgaccggtcaaaaccgcttcgccaccgtccttttgccccacgcctcatatcccatccctcgatctctcgtccccttcttctctctcatataatccatttcaccactgcattccgtagttgatttgcgtacccaagtccaccagatatgcctccgctcatactgctactgctggtagcttccttcctcgagttgccggcaccggcgagctcgtctagtcctggctgcttgcccacgccatgcggcaagctgaccatctcctacccgttctggctggaggagcccggccggccgccgtgcgggtcgccgcccttccagctcaagtgcaacgccaccggcgcatacctcacgcacaccatctacgaggcgtatcgcgttgttgatatcttcaccggaaaccacaccgtccatgtggtggacgagaatctcccgctcgccaccggctgcccggcgccgccgttcaacatctccgatggcatctggcaggcgccgttcgtcatcagcgaagccaacgcagagctgcgcttcctctcgtgtaacaagtcacttccggcggcggctgctcctcccggcttccatagcctgccttgtgatgaccaaaactcctccgtccggctcgtcagcgaccaccatttacacgaggatgggattccaccgggctgtaacttcacggttgtgccgatcgttcagcgtcacaatgggagtatggccggctatattgccagcatgaggagtgggtttctactagagtgggcggtggtttcaggggattgtcccaaatgtcaagtaagcggcgggaattgcacgtacagcgacgacctggagttcgcctgcaattgccccgacgggatgcaccctgacaagtgtagagagttcagaaaatcggaagagcacggtaaatttgtccagtcaattatcaattagaataaaaattttaacatagttctgtgaacatgcagcctaggccatcctaaccgattcaatgcatccaaagtgtgttcatctagttgatagttttctttatatatatagaaaagaatgacacatcatttcgttatacaggaagatttccatgctactgtggcctaatgtccactagataaactcttattataataatgcgcgtgacatctagttttgctatcgaggaaagaaattaaacacagcattgtcacagcaatgttcataagaatataaaatgcaaagtggatattgatatttttgttttgaattatgagtgtttgcttcaagttcctgctgttttggttgttagtttctcatcaaacaattatttcactgatgggaacattggcatttggcagcttatggaatcctagtcaaacgtgttacgtgtagtttgaagtattcaactacactatctgataaagatatcataccaataccatgttccaatttttcttctgctgattgctgactgacgaagaaatccctcatctgattgacagcaaataccctttcattttctaatccttaattagtgtgttccaaacatgtggaaagcataaattgcatctgtatttctgttgaattaggctgaaaagttgtataagcactgtccttcgtttcaacagggggttaggggagcaatgataccctaacaatgtgattatgaatgatcattctatttgttcatggcatatttgtgcaaggtattaaaagtctgttcttctgcaggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaataggtgagtataattcattcttgtttcttggacttccccaaccattcaaaatgtaattatgaagatatgcttcagatccttggttctcacatattgatagtgctctgtctctgttattgcagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggtaggagaatatgtttgcacaactcccttgttgttaatagatttctcatctaatcacttcctcattagcatgcctaattgcatgcgacaggggctccgttgaactttgttccataatagataacttcccctattaacttagcagttacaattcttcctttctgccattcaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatgatgagaaactttgtattgattctgatgaaataaggataactaagttgtcccctcttggttgatggactaattaatactacaagtgtttgactatgagcttggcagaaattcagacaattggtgaatgcggtaggagaaatacagggttcaaacaatctcgtgtaatctagtgttcagtgtgttcatgatttcaggttagcgagtggtatcagggagaacacatcccattgttaccctaactagaggttgcaattttgc</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001048492.1 RefSeq:Os01g0136400]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Table_1.png&diff=173646File:Table 1.png2014-05-28T12:29:57Z<p>Smallant: Shibo Zhang, Calvin Chen, Lei Li, Ling Meng, Jaswinder Singh, Ning Jiang, Xingwang Deng, Zhenghui He and Peggy G. Lemaux (2005). Evolutionary Expansion, Gene Structure, and Expression of the Rice Wall-Associated Kinase Gene Family. American Society of Pla</p>
<hr />
<div>Shibo Zhang, Calvin Chen, Lei Li, Ling Meng, Jaswinder Singh, Ning Jiang, Xingwang Deng, Zhenghui He and Peggy G. Lemaux (2005). Evolutionary Expansion, Gene Structure, and Expression of the Rice Wall-Associated Kinase Gene Family. American Society of Plant Biologists 139,07-24.</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0136400&diff=171970Os01g01364002014-05-24T21:45:51Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>The expression product of Os01g0136400 is wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) which is a transmembrane protein containing a cytoplasmic Ser/Thr kinase domain and an extracellular domain in contact with the pectin fraction of the plant cell walls.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
'''plays important roles in rice blast disease resistance'''<br />
<br />
Wall-associated protein kinases (WAKs) can phosphorylate OsRFP1, a putative transcription regulator recently identified in rice. OsRFP1 strongly interacts with the kinase domain of OsWAK1. This demonstrated that OsWAK1 is a functional protein kinase. A fusion protein of OsWAK1 with GFP was found to be localized on the cell surface. Northern blotting analysis showed that infection of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae significantly induced the OsWAK1 transcripts, and the accumulation of OsWAK1 mRNA occurred earlier and was more abundant in rice leaves infected with an incompatible race than with a compatible race of the blast fungus. OsWAK1 was also induced after treatment by mechanical wounding, SA and MeJA, but not by ABA. These results imply that OsWAK1 is a gene involved in plant defense. Furthermore, six transgenic rice lines with constitutive expression of OsWAK1 became resistant to the compatible race. However, OsWAK1 expression was undetectable in leaves, stems and flowers but very weak in roots under normal growth conditions. This provides functional evidence that induction of OsWAK1 as novel RLK plays important roles in plant disease resistance.[1] Oligogalacturonides (OGs) released from the plant cell wall are active both as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) for the activation of the plant immune response and regulators of plant growth and development. Members of the Wall-Associated Kinase (WAK) family are candidate receptors of OGs, due to their ability to bind in vitro these oligosaccharides. Because lethality and redundancy have hampered the study of WAKs by reverse genetics, we have adopted a chimeric receptor approach to elucidate the role of Arabidopsis WAK1.[2]<br />
<br />
===Expression===<br />
A comparative analysis on protein kinases encoded in the completely sequenced genomes of two plant species, namely Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa spp japonica cv. Nipponbare is reported in the current study. We have analysed 836 and 1386 kinases identified from A. thaliana and the O. sativa genomes respectively. Their classification into known subfamilies reveals selective expansions of the plant receptor kinase subfamily comprising of Ser/Thr receptor kinases. The presence of calcium dependent kinases, and potential absence of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase of the type found in other (non-plant) eukaryotes, are other notable features of the two plant kinomes described here.<br />
<br />
An analysis on domain organisation of each of the protein kinases encoded in the plant genome has been carried out. Uncommon composition of functional domains like nuclear translocation factor domain, redox sensor domain (PAS), ACT and lectin domains are observed in few protein kinases shared between the two plant species. Biochemical functions characteristic of the domains recruited in these protein kinase gene products suggest their mode of regulation by alternate cellular localisation, oxidation potential, amino acid flux and binding of carbohydrates. Occurrence of multi-functional kinases with diverse enzymatic modules, such as Transposases and peptidases, tethered to the kinase catalytic domain is another interesting feature of the protein kinase complement of the O. sativa genome. Co-occurrence of diverse nucleotide and carbohydrate binding domains with catalytic kinase domain containing gene products has also been observed. Putative homologues of protein kinases of A. thaliana that regulate plant-specific physiological processes like ethylene hormone response, somatic embryogenesis and pathogen defence have been identified in O. sativa genome as well.[3]<br />
Intron-exon structure is conserved between theWAK and WAKL genes. The diagram shows a standardized depiction of a WAK or WAKL gene from each of the four groups (I-IV). Exons are represented by boxes. Introns are represented as ‘V’s. Regions of each gene encoding functional domains are indicated with shaded boxes: N-terminal signal sequence (black), EGF2-like domain (red), calcium-binding EGF domain (blue), transmembrane domain (green), and Ser/Thr protein kinase active site (orange).<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
The wall-associated kinase (WAK) gene family, one of the receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene families in plants, plays important roles in cell expansion, pathogen resistance, and heavy-metal stress tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Through a reiterative database search and manual reannotation, we identified 125 OsWAK gene family members from rice (Oryza sativa) japonica cv Nipponbare; 37 (approximately 30%) OsWAKs were corrected/reannotated from earlier automated annotations. Of the 125 OsWAKs, 67 are receptor-like kinases, 28 receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, 13 receptor-like proteins, 12 short genes, and five pseudogenes. The two-intron gene structure of the Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes is generally conserved in OsWAKs; however, extra/missed introns were observed in some OsWAKs either in extracellular regions or in protein kinase domains. In addition to the 38 OsWAKs with full-length cDNA sequences and the 11 with rice expressed sequence tag sequences, gene expression analyses, using tiling-microarray analysis of the 20 OsWAKs on chromosome 10 and reverse transcription-PCR analysis for five OsWAKs, indicate that the majority of identified OsWAKs are likely expressed in rice.[4] Phylogenetic analyses of OsWAKs, Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes, and barley (Hordeum vulgare) HvWAKs show that the OsWAK gene family expanded in the rice genome due to lineage-specific expansion of the family in monocots. Localized gene duplications appear to be the primary genetic event in OsWAK gene family expansion and the 125 OsWAKs, present on all 12 chromosomes, are mostly clustered.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Labs working on this gene==<br />
<br />
1.Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824<br />
<br />
2.Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California 94132<br />
<br />
3.Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720<br />
<br />
4.Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520–8104<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
1.Santy Peraza-Echeverria, Andrew James-Kay, Blondy Canto-Canché, Eduardo Castillo-Castro (2007).Structural and phylogenetic analysis of Pto-type disease resistance gene candidates in banana. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 278,443-453.<br />
<br />
2.Alexandre Brutusa; Francesca Siciliaa, Alberto Maconeb, Felice Cervonea, and Giulia De Lorenzoa (2010). A domain swap approach reveals a role of the plant wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) as a receptor of oligogalacturonides. Alexandre Brutus, doi: 10.1073.<br />
<br />
3.A. Krupa, Anamika, and N. Srinivasan (2006).Genome-wide comparative analyses of domain organisation of repertoires of protein kinases of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. elsevier 380,1-13.<br />
<br />
4.Shibo Zhang, Calvin Chen, Lei Li, Ling Meng, Jaswinder Singh, Ning Jiang, Xingwang Deng, Zhenghui He and Peggy G. Lemaux (2005). Evolutionary Expansion, Gene Structure, and Expression of the Rice Wall-Associated Kinase Gene Family. American Society of Plant Biologists 139,07-24.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0136400|<br />
Description = Protein kinase-like domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001048492.1 GI:115434397 GeneID:4325700|<br />
Length = 9605 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0136400, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:1956847..1966451|<br />
CDS = 1957104..1958041,1958213..1958467,1958587..1958619,1965545..1966325|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaatagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MHPTLLCLPLLASLLLLCHRARAECEPATCGNLTVRYPFWLGGP NFNQSNQSSPSSALASCGHPAFEVWCNGGVASLRGSQILVLSIDYNSSSFVAAHKRVA DGGDGVCRTDFNISSSLALSPFTISSSNRAICFLYSCNGTEPPEIDGLVNATISSCSK PIYAYLGGIYDRDNPPAIKAGNCTYSYLPVLWPDSPANLTAGTNYSPQFKKGFVLEWQ KNGFGDCDACNGSGGQCRYINDSAAAFACLCSDGKLRRSTCPGSRSKSHIIGIACGSS GGILLIVSIFIFAWHKRKKRKQTRDLKDLMHSSSSMQSYSKDLELGGSPHIFTYEELE EATAGFSASRELGDGGFGTVYKGKLRDGRVVAVKRLYKNNYRRVEQFLNEVDILSRLL HQNLVILYGCTSRSSRDLLLVYEYIPNGTVADHLHGPRAGERGLTWPVRMTIAIETAE ALAYLHAVEIIHRDVKTNNILLDNNFHVKVADFGLSRLFPLEVTHVSTVPQGTPGYVD PVYHQCYKLTDKSDVYSFGVVLIELISSKPAVDMSRSHSDINLANMALNRIQNHEVDQ LVDPEIGYETDSETKRMVDLVAELAFQCLQMDRESRPPIKEVVEVLNCIKNGECPAEK MNKNASPKEDSHLLKDSLQYSPDSVIHRFHSQSTNHSVASNSSG</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>8411..9348#7985..8239#7833..7865#127..907#agtcaagaaaaacaaggcaatggcaatagcatttctcgagcattagaccttcccctccctttccagcattctgctgctctccaatccggcctccattgtgtagcagctagctccacgagcggcaagatgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggtgagtaccacacttgcctatcgcccaatctgacgcatgtgttagctagttgaagattttggctcggtgtacggttaactggacggccaaattggcgcgttgcgatcggtagccatgtactccgatcccaaagttgcaatctctcgtaggtcccatgtggatttggagttgaattactggcccacgtcaatgtccttggattttactcaacctctcgctcgctcgcggtctcgggtagttacatgggcggctggctagtcagctgcagagatggtggtaaattttgggagggtttgcctcggtggtgacgttgacgacgacttatcaagcaggctgcaggcaggagttgacatgggcggctagtcactggttcttccattgaccacccagcgtgattgattcttgggtaaacgcatgaattccgtcctttcctttgtctctgtctcccaacttcccagggcagagatccttctgatccttctgcttccccctcttctttttcccccgaaaattcaccattctcattagtgaactggttcattattaggacaaataagacgttagcagtagttgcctgaagcttcgagtgtgttgagctggtccataaactaatgctcatagtaggtgacaatgtaaatcattagtacatgatcaccaagtggcattctgcgtagaagtaccaaaatagtggggacagatgggcacgggctaaatttggcatcgtgcacggcgcaccagccgctaccaggggctttctttgaactgataaggctaacgggataagttacgctttatatctttcgaaagcggtcaatcggagttgttagaagtggcgggccatgaatttttggagccgaaagaagcgaatattaaggaaagacctaatatcaaataattagaagggttgatactttgaacccagatcgtctcgttcaccatcttgtggagctagccggaagaccctggacgtttctcaaatttttggagcccaacatatacgcagacataattggaaacacaatggaaagctcaacatataagacatcataatggtgcgatctattggcttcttaaccttagttactgctccctccggtacaaaaatcttgatgttttaaccttgtaaatggtgattgcgaattgttaatgcttctatcttagcatgttatattggaccgctttgccctacatgcttggaagtaaaaaccaagtaaaaaagctagggaattggacctttagctcgcaccgatacaggtgattaattcaaaccaacggcagcagtgtagtgattaccatgagtacaatactatatttaatatggtaaaatagtaaattgatactgtaatatggagtaaatcacttcttggtatgtgagatcatgttcaaaacatcaataattttgaaactggaaggagtacacactgcccttctcaacttttaaacgctactatttccaaaaagaaaactttaaaatgcaataaacagatatgaaaaactgttccctcaaaaaatatatgaaaaattcaaaacaggaaatgcggtagtgctagaaatatgaaattatgaactttaatcagtgtagtttgtattgaaattttaatacaatggggaatgaaagcttatataaaaataaaaaatatatagaaaatgcaaaacaatatactaccttggtgcccccattaacgatagtactagagattgccaccactaagctaattccggtctatgagtctatccaagtgcttttacataaaagagcattgtgagctttgctgataatgacatagatttcggcaaaatatggtaccaaatgctaatgcctttcctgcaaagattctgattctaggagttgatagatacctacataatttttaggcttacttttttttcaaaattactttccaaattgttgaaatgaattttgtgctctacgctcctaaaatatattttctcaaaaaaatattctattgtattgcacacttgttttaagttcatttattaaatgtttaatttataactacaatcaagtagataatctgtacaacaatccacttaataatccttagattgtgtttgagtgatgaaatgagaaaattaagaagatacaacaaacaagatgagtcattagcttatatgaattgagtattaactgttttaaatttgaaactatatgaattgagtattactttattatatttatctataaacatagttaaacatgagacagtttgactgaccaaaaatcaaaacaacttataatctaaaacggagggagtactggttagtggtaggaactagcaacgcagcacatatgtgttcaatctgcattaggtttttggttagagagaagatactagatattaacacgtttttatcagaaagtactccttctgtcctatattattaggttcagaaaaatgtatctacaagttctcataatattaggatatgtcaaattaggtaggtttttattaaacacatgaagtattctgtaggagtttttttttagttttagttacatccgtacaggtaagcgttgaccggttggaaagtggactagtctctgcttaccggcaagagtaggtgtggaacaaagggcgtagtagcctgttatacaacaggtagaaaacaatggtggacagcagcgtgcactagctagctggaagagggttaataggagtacacgacgatgagtccggacaaactggtccagtcacatcagggcggttataacagctagctgcccatagggcaccccggaaactcgcacgcgtggacgacgatcgttcgtgtatcaggtcaaacatttcgacacagaggaatagttcccgtgtgcaaagtttcttacttccatctcccccacaaacttccatctccttcagaaatcccctatccccctcctcctctttctgtctcgatgtccccgagcttcttctttgtcgtcgtctcggcctggtcgctagcgctgatgctcgccgcggcggcgaggggagccgaggaggaaggaggaggaggctgcctgggcagccagaaatgcggcgacctgaatatctcctctccgttctggatcatccagggccaggcggataagccgtgtggtcctctggattaccaggtatattgcaacaactccaccggcgtcgcaactcttcgaagctctacagacagcgggtttgatatcatcaacatatcatatggggaccgtactatgctcgtctttgatgtccataagctagctcgcctgaataactccaccggctgcagtatcccagtgtttaacaccttcgccaagctgcccatcacgtttacaatcagcccttccaatcacaacctcgtcttctacaactgcaccgaggcgccgccggcggagcagcagcaacaactggggctcgtggagacgagatgcggtaacaacacgtttgctcgcctgggagggcgtttccacggggagggcgactacgacaagtactatttggaaggctgcagcagaaacagcaccgtcttcttgccggtgctggaaccgcctgatggcaaggcgaacgccagcaggtatgtggagctcgtgggtggaggcttcctcataacatgggacctgccaccgccagtgacatcttctggtaagttcaccctccctgaaactattaggatcaagttcgtatagaaaatccactgtatatcctgatacttccgatctccaagcgagtactagtagaatacggttctcgctcatcagcgtgtaggacagggaatctgtcgattggctgatagggtcgtcatcttgcccaatcgtggcggctgggcaacagggatgagcaagaattaaactagaattaaagtgatcaaagcagtggaccatgaccgtcctttcgcattccatctcactccggtgccattccttccaatcttcgatcctgttctggtacatgactgagaagaccatgcacatctgttggaattggaaccgatacggcaagacgatgaggccgtagacagccattatccagtcaattttttcggccactacagagaattcccaaagttaaatgtatcgtactagaagaagaagtagcagtattaattctctcatgtcttcctcaatcctcatcaacaacacatcaccaattcatcctcttcgttttcgatgccctctccttccttgttcctcttgttcgcctgcctcgcctgggcgagtcaagcagcgaatacggcggcagacaatcgtccacaagaaggctgcgcggccagtactgtatgtggcaaggtgaccatctcgtcgccgttcgccgtcgtgccggagcaggcaacggagagcaaatgcggctggcttggattccaggttatctgccacaacgacactccatacctcggctactacaagcccagatatcggatccagatcctcgacatcttctacggcaacaattcattgctcgtctctgacatccacaagctcggtgacttcattgtcttctccggcgtcagcaaagaatactcctgccatgttccgaggaccaacacctcctccaaggtcggcctcccgttctccatcagcaccaccaatctcaacctcttcctgtacagttgcaataaggcgcttgtgccgcgggacggagacgacgacctcgtggagacgaggtgcggcaacaagacgtttgctcgcgtaggagggaattacagtgattcgggcgactacccggcgttttacatggaaggctgcaatgctaccgtcgtgccggtgctgggcacggacgcgaggagctatgagcagctcatccgcgacggcttcctcttgacatggcaagagacgccgtcatctggtaagttcgttcgcgaaattatccatttaatcatcactttcgggaggaggaaatgcgtaaaatttatggtgtcaactttatcgaatccgttaatcaatcagtgacttgtttattggttgataaggcagtcgtcatcgctaatccatctccgacctttggatatcgaaatcagagaaatatatgcaaaaactatactcccttcgtttcacgatgtaaatcattttagcgtttcttacgttaatattgatgttaattaatctagacatatatacctatctagatttattaacatcaatataaacgtgaaaaatactatagtgatgaaacggagaaaatagtacggagtacttcgtcaagaagctgtagcagcagagagagtagtagcaatgtagcagtatgttcaatccgtagactttgaccggtcaaaaccgcttcgccaccgtccttttgccccacgcctcatatcccatccctcgatctctcgtccccttcttctctctcatataatccatttcaccactgcattccgtagttgatttgcgtacccaagtccaccagatatgcctccgctcatactgctactgctggtagcttccttcctcgagttgccggcaccggcgagctcgtctagtcctggctgcttgcccacgccatgcggcaagctgaccatctcctacccgttctggctggaggagcccggccggccgccgtgcgggtcgccgcccttccagctcaagtgcaacgccaccggcgcatacctcacgcacaccatctacgaggcgtatcgcgttgttgatatcttcaccggaaaccacaccgtccatgtggtggacgagaatctcccgctcgccaccggctgcccggcgccgccgttcaacatctccgatggcatctggcaggcgccgttcgtcatcagcgaagccaacgcagagctgcgcttcctctcgtgtaacaagtcacttccggcggcggctgctcctcccggcttccatagcctgccttgtgatgaccaaaactcctccgtccggctcgtcagcgaccaccatttacacgaggatgggattccaccgggctgtaacttcacggttgtgccgatcgttcagcgtcacaatgggagtatggccggctatattgccagcatgaggagtgggtttctactagagtgggcggtggtttcaggggattgtcccaaatgtcaagtaagcggcgggaattgcacgtacagcgacgacctggagttcgcctgcaattgccccgacgggatgcaccctgacaagtgtagagagttcagaaaatcggaagagcacggtaaatttgtccagtcaattatcaattagaataaaaattttaacatagttctgtgaacatgcagcctaggccatcctaaccgattcaatgcatccaaagtgtgttcatctagttgatagttttctttatatatatagaaaagaatgacacatcatttcgttatacaggaagatttccatgctactgtggcctaatgtccactagataaactcttattataataatgcgcgtgacatctagttttgctatcgaggaaagaaattaaacacagcattgtcacagcaatgttcataagaatataaaatgcaaagtggatattgatatttttgttttgaattatgagtgtttgcttcaagttcctgctgttttggttgttagtttctcatcaaacaattatttcactgatgggaacattggcatttggcagcttatggaatcctagtcaaacgtgttacgtgtagtttgaagtattcaactacactatctgataaagatatcataccaataccatgttccaatttttcttctgctgattgctgactgacgaagaaatccctcatctgattgacagcaaataccctttcattttctaatccttaattagtgtgttccaaacatgtggaaagcataaattgcatctgtatttctgttgaattaggctgaaaagttgtataagcactgtccttcgtttcaacagggggttaggggagcaatgataccctaacaatgtgattatgaatgatcattctatttgttcatggcatatttgtgcaaggtattaaaagtctgttcttctgcaggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaataggtgagtataattcattcttgtttcttggacttccccaaccattcaaaatgtaattatgaagatatgcttcagatccttggttctcacatattgatagtgctctgtctctgttattgcagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggtaggagaatatgtttgcacaactcccttgttgttaatagatttctcatctaatcacttcctcattagcatgcctaattgcatgcgacaggggctccgttgaactttgttccataatagataacttcccctattaacttagcagttacaattcttcctttctgccattcaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatgatgagaaactttgtattgattctgatgaaataaggataactaagttgtcccctcttggttgatggactaattaatactacaagtgtttgactatgagcttggcagaaattcagacaattggtgaatgcggtaggagaaatacagggttcaaacaatctcgtgtaatctagtgttcagtgtgttcatgatttcaggttagcgagtggtatcagggagaacacatcccattgttaccctaactagaggttgcaattttgc</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001048492.1 RefSeq:Os01g0136400]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0136400&diff=171969Os01g01364002014-05-24T21:44:34Z<p>Smallant: </p>
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<div>The expression product of Os01g0136400 is wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) which is a transmembrane protein containing a cytoplasmic Ser/Thr kinase domain and an extracellular domain in contact with the pectin fraction of the plant cell walls.<br />
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==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
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'''plays important roles in rice blast disease resistance'''<br />
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Wall-associated protein kinases (WAKs) can phosphorylate OsRFP1, a putative transcription regulator recently identified in rice. OsRFP1 strongly interacts with the kinase domain of OsWAK1. This demonstrated that OsWAK1 is a functional protein kinase. A fusion protein of OsWAK1 with GFP was found to be localized on the cell surface. Northern blotting analysis showed that infection of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae significantly induced the OsWAK1 transcripts, and the accumulation of OsWAK1 mRNA occurred earlier and was more abundant in rice leaves infected with an incompatible race than with a compatible race of the blast fungus. OsWAK1 was also induced after treatment by mechanical wounding, SA and MeJA, but not by ABA. These results imply that OsWAK1 is a gene involved in plant defense. Furthermore, six transgenic rice lines with constitutive expression of OsWAK1 became resistant to the compatible race. However, OsWAK1 expression was undetectable in leaves, stems and flowers but very weak in roots under normal growth conditions. This provides functional evidence that induction of OsWAK1 as novel RLK plays important roles in plant disease resistance.[1] Oligogalacturonides (OGs) released from the plant cell wall are active both as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) for the activation of the plant immune response and regulators of plant growth and development. Members of the Wall-Associated Kinase (WAK) family are candidate receptors of OGs, due to their ability to bind in vitro these oligosaccharides. Because lethality and redundancy have hampered the study of WAKs by reverse genetics, we have adopted a chimeric receptor approach to elucidate the role of Arabidopsis WAK1.[2]<br />
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===Expression===<br />
A comparative analysis on protein kinases encoded in the completely sequenced genomes of two plant species, namely Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa spp japonica cv. Nipponbare is reported in the current study. We have analysed 836 and 1386 kinases identified from A. thaliana and the O. sativa genomes respectively. Their classification into known subfamilies reveals selective expansions of the plant receptor kinase subfamily comprising of Ser/Thr receptor kinases. The presence of calcium dependent kinases, and potential absence of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase of the type found in other (non-plant) eukaryotes, are other notable features of the two plant kinomes described here.<br />
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An analysis on domain organisation of each of the protein kinases encoded in the plant genome has been carried out. Uncommon composition of functional domains like nuclear translocation factor domain, redox sensor domain (PAS), ACT and lectin domains are observed in few protein kinases shared between the two plant species. Biochemical functions characteristic of the domains recruited in these protein kinase gene products suggest their mode of regulation by alternate cellular localisation, oxidation potential, amino acid flux and binding of carbohydrates. Occurrence of multi-functional kinases with diverse enzymatic modules, such as Transposases and peptidases, tethered to the kinase catalytic domain is another interesting feature of the protein kinase complement of the O. sativa genome. Co-occurrence of diverse nucleotide and carbohydrate binding domains with catalytic kinase domain containing gene products has also been observed. Putative homologues of protein kinases of A. thaliana that regulate plant-specific physiological processes like ethylene hormone response, somatic embryogenesis and pathogen defence have been identified in O. sativa genome as well.[3]<br />
Intron-exon structure is conserved between theWAK and WAKL genes. The diagram shows a standardized depiction of a WAK or WAKL gene from each of the four groups (I-IV). Exons are represented by boxes. Introns are represented as ‘V’s. Regions of each gene encoding functional domains are indicated with shaded boxes: N-terminal signal sequence (black), EGF2-like domain (red), calcium-binding EGF domain (blue), transmembrane domain (green), and Ser/Thr protein kinase active site (orange).<br />
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===Evolution===<br />
The wall-associated kinase (WAK) gene family, one of the receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene families in plants, plays important roles in cell expansion, pathogen resistance, and heavy-metal stress tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Through a reiterative database search and manual reannotation, we identified 125 OsWAK gene family members from rice (Oryza sativa) japonica cv Nipponbare; 37 (approximately 30%) OsWAKs were corrected/reannotated from earlier automated annotations. Of the 125 OsWAKs, 67 are receptor-like kinases, 28 receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, 13 receptor-like proteins, 12 short genes, and five pseudogenes. The two-intron gene structure of the Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes is generally conserved in OsWAKs; however, extra/missed introns were observed in some OsWAKs either in extracellular regions or in protein kinase domains. In addition to the 38 OsWAKs with full-length cDNA sequences and the 11 with rice expressed sequence tag sequences, gene expression analyses, using tiling-microarray analysis of the 20 OsWAKs on chromosome 10 and reverse transcription-PCR analysis for five OsWAKs, indicate that the majority of identified OsWAKs are likely expressed in rice.[4] Phylogenetic analyses of OsWAKs, Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes, and barley (Hordeum vulgare) HvWAKs show that the OsWAK gene family expanded in the rice genome due to lineage-specific expansion of the family in monocots. Localized gene duplications appear to be the primary genetic event in OsWAK gene family expansion and the 125 OsWAKs, present on all 12 chromosomes, are mostly clustered.<br />
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==Labs working on this gene==<br />
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1.Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824<br />
2.Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California 94132<br />
3.Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720<br />
4.Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520–8104<br />
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==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1.Santy Peraza-Echeverria, Andrew James-Kay, Blondy Canto-Canché, Eduardo Castillo-Castro (2007).Structural and phylogenetic analysis of Pto-type disease resistance gene candidates in banana. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 278,443-453.<br />
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2.Alexandre Brutusa; Francesca Siciliaa, Alberto Maconeb, Felice Cervonea, and Giulia De Lorenzoa (2010). A domain swap approach reveals a role of the plant wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) as a receptor of oligogalacturonides. Alexandre Brutus, doi: 10.1073.<br />
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3.A. Krupa, Anamika, and N. Srinivasan (2006).Genome-wide comparative analyses of domain organisation of repertoires of protein kinases of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. elsevier 380,1-13.<br />
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4.Shibo Zhang, Calvin Chen, Lei Li, Ling Meng, Jaswinder Singh, Ning Jiang, Xingwang Deng, Zhenghui He and Peggy G. Lemaux (2005). Evolutionary Expansion, Gene Structure, and Expression of the Rice Wall-Associated Kinase Gene Family. American Society of Plant Biologists 139,07-24.<br />
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==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0136400|<br />
Description = Protein kinase-like domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001048492.1 GI:115434397 GeneID:4325700|<br />
Length = 9605 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0136400, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
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ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:1956847..1966451|<br />
CDS = 1957104..1958041,1958213..1958467,1958587..1958619,1965545..1966325|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaatagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MHPTLLCLPLLASLLLLCHRARAECEPATCGNLTVRYPFWLGGP NFNQSNQSSPSSALASCGHPAFEVWCNGGVASLRGSQILVLSIDYNSSSFVAAHKRVA DGGDGVCRTDFNISSSLALSPFTISSSNRAICFLYSCNGTEPPEIDGLVNATISSCSK PIYAYLGGIYDRDNPPAIKAGNCTYSYLPVLWPDSPANLTAGTNYSPQFKKGFVLEWQ KNGFGDCDACNGSGGQCRYINDSAAAFACLCSDGKLRRSTCPGSRSKSHIIGIACGSS GGILLIVSIFIFAWHKRKKRKQTRDLKDLMHSSSSMQSYSKDLELGGSPHIFTYEELE EATAGFSASRELGDGGFGTVYKGKLRDGRVVAVKRLYKNNYRRVEQFLNEVDILSRLL HQNLVILYGCTSRSSRDLLLVYEYIPNGTVADHLHGPRAGERGLTWPVRMTIAIETAE ALAYLHAVEIIHRDVKTNNILLDNNFHVKVADFGLSRLFPLEVTHVSTVPQGTPGYVD PVYHQCYKLTDKSDVYSFGVVLIELISSKPAVDMSRSHSDINLANMALNRIQNHEVDQ LVDPEIGYETDSETKRMVDLVAELAFQCLQMDRESRPPIKEVVEVLNCIKNGECPAEK MNKNASPKEDSHLLKDSLQYSPDSVIHRFHSQSTNHSVASNSSG</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>8411..9348#7985..8239#7833..7865#127..907#agtcaagaaaaacaaggcaatggcaatagcatttctcgagcattagaccttcccctccctttccagcattctgctgctctccaatccggcctccattgtgtagcagctagctccacgagcggcaagatgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggtgagtaccacacttgcctatcgcccaatctgacgcatgtgttagctagttgaagattttggctcggtgtacggttaactggacggccaaattggcgcgttgcgatcggtagccatgtactccgatcccaaagttgcaatctctcgtaggtcccatgtggatttggagttgaattactggcccacgtcaatgtccttggattttactcaacctctcgctcgctcgcggtctcgggtagttacatgggcggctggctagtcagctgcagagatggtggtaaattttgggagggtttgcctcggtggtgacgttgacgacgacttatcaagcaggctgcaggcaggagttgacatgggcggctagtcactggttcttccattgaccacccagcgtgattgattcttgggtaaacgcatgaattccgtcctttcctttgtctctgtctcccaacttcccagggcagagatccttctgatccttctgcttccccctcttctttttcccccgaaaattcaccattctcattagtgaactggttcattattaggacaaataagacgttagcagtagttgcctgaagcttcgagtgtgttgagctggtccataaactaatgctcatagtaggtgacaatgtaaatcattagtacatgatcaccaagtggcattctgcgtagaagtaccaaaatagtggggacagatgggcacgggctaaatttggcatcgtgcacggcgcaccagccgctaccaggggctttctttgaactgataaggctaacgggataagttacgctttatatctttcgaaagcggtcaatcggagttgttagaagtggcgggccatgaatttttggagccgaaagaagcgaatattaaggaaagacctaatatcaaataattagaagggttgatactttgaacccagatcgtctcgttcaccatcttgtggagctagccggaagaccctggacgtttctcaaatttttggagcccaacatatacgcagacataattggaaacacaatggaaagctcaacatataagacatcataatggtgcgatctattggcttcttaaccttagttactgctccctccggtacaaaaatcttgatgttttaaccttgtaaatggtgattgcgaattgttaatgcttctatcttagcatgttatattggaccgctttgccctacatgcttggaagtaaaaaccaagtaaaaaagctagggaattggacctttagctcgcaccgatacaggtgattaattcaaaccaacggcagcagtgtagtgattaccatgagtacaatactatatttaatatggtaaaatagtaaattgatactgtaatatggagtaaatcacttcttggtatgtgagatcatgttcaaaacatcaataattttgaaactggaaggagtacacactgcccttctcaacttttaaacgctactatttccaaaaagaaaactttaaaatgcaataaacagatatgaaaaactgttccctcaaaaaatatatgaaaaattcaaaacaggaaatgcggtagtgctagaaatatgaaattatgaactttaatcagtgtagtttgtattgaaattttaatacaatggggaatgaaagcttatataaaaataaaaaatatatagaaaatgcaaaacaatatactaccttggtgcccccattaacgatagtactagagattgccaccactaagctaattccggtctatgagtctatccaagtgcttttacataaaagagcattgtgagctttgctgataatgacatagatttcggcaaaatatggtaccaaatgctaatgcctttcctgcaaagattctgattctaggagttgatagatacctacataatttttaggcttacttttttttcaaaattactttccaaattgttgaaatgaattttgtgctctacgctcctaaaatatattttctcaaaaaaatattctattgtattgcacacttgttttaagttcatttattaaatgtttaatttataactacaatcaagtagataatctgtacaacaatccacttaataatccttagattgtgtttgagtgatgaaatgagaaaattaagaagatacaacaaacaagatgagtcattagcttatatgaattgagtattaactgttttaaatttgaaactatatgaattgagtattactttattatatttatctataaacatagttaaacatgagacagtttgactgaccaaaaatcaaaacaacttataatctaaaacggagggagtactggttagtggtaggaactagcaacgcagcacatatgtgttcaatctgcattaggtttttggttagagagaagatactagatattaacacgtttttatcagaaagtactccttctgtcctatattattaggttcagaaaaatgtatctacaagttctcataatattaggatatgtcaaattaggtaggtttttattaaacacatgaagtattctgtaggagtttttttttagttttagttacatccgtacaggtaagcgttgaccggttggaaagtggactagtctctgcttaccggcaagagtaggtgtggaacaaagggcgtagtagcctgttatacaacaggtagaaaacaatggtggacagcagcgtgcactagctagctggaagagggttaataggagtacacgacgatgagtccggacaaactggtccagtcacatcagggcggttataacagctagctgcccatagggcaccccggaaactcgcacgcgtggacgacgatcgttcgtgtatcaggtcaaacatttcgacacagaggaatagttcccgtgtgcaaagtttcttacttccatctcccccacaaacttccatctccttcagaaatcccctatccccctcctcctctttctgtctcgatgtccccgagcttcttctttgtcgtcgtctcggcctggtcgctagcgctgatgctcgccgcggcggcgaggggagccgaggaggaaggaggaggaggctgcctgggcagccagaaatgcggcgacctgaatatctcctctccgttctggatcatccagggccaggcggataagccgtgtggtcctctggattaccaggtatattgcaacaactccaccggcgtcgcaactcttcgaagctctacagacagcgggtttgatatcatcaacatatcatatggggaccgtactatgctcgtctttgatgtccataagctagctcgcctgaataactccaccggctgcagtatcccagtgtttaacaccttcgccaagctgcccatcacgtttacaatcagcccttccaatcacaacctcgtcttctacaactgcaccgaggcgccgccggcggagcagcagcaacaactggggctcgtggagacgagatgcggtaacaacacgtttgctcgcctgggagggcgtttccacggggagggcgactacgacaagtactatttggaaggctgcagcagaaacagcaccgtcttcttgccggtgctggaaccgcctgatggcaaggcgaacgccagcaggtatgtggagctcgtgggtggaggcttcctcataacatgggacctgccaccgccagtgacatcttctggtaagttcaccctccctgaaactattaggatcaagttcgtatagaaaatccactgtatatcctgatacttccgatctccaagcgagtactagtagaatacggttctcgctcatcagcgtgtaggacagggaatctgtcgattggctgatagggtcgtcatcttgcccaatcgtggcggctgggcaacagggatgagcaagaattaaactagaattaaagtgatcaaagcagtggaccatgaccgtcctttcgcattccatctcactccggtgccattccttccaatcttcgatcctgttctggtacatgactgagaagaccatgcacatctgttggaattggaaccgatacggcaagacgatgaggccgtagacagccattatccagtcaattttttcggccactacagagaattcccaa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/>
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001048492.1 RefSeq:Os01g0136400]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0136400&diff=171968Os01g01364002014-05-24T21:32:09Z<p>Smallant: </p>
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<div>The expression product of Os01g0136400 is wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) which is a transmembrane protein containing a cytoplasmic Ser/Thr kinase domain and an extracellular domain in contact with the pectin fraction of the plant cell walls.<br />
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==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
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'''plays important roles in rice blast disease resistance'''<br />
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Wall-associated protein kinases (WAKs) can phosphorylate OsRFP1, a putative transcription regulator recently identified in rice. OsRFP1 strongly interacts with the kinase domain of OsWAK1. This demonstrated that OsWAK1 is a functional protein kinase. A fusion protein of OsWAK1 with GFP was found to be localized on the cell surface. Northern blotting analysis showed that infection of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae significantly induced the OsWAK1 transcripts, and the accumulation of OsWAK1 mRNA occurred earlier and was more abundant in rice leaves infected with an incompatible race than with a compatible race of the blast fungus. OsWAK1 was also induced after treatment by mechanical wounding, SA and MeJA, but not by ABA. These results imply that OsWAK1 is a gene involved in plant defense. Furthermore, six transgenic rice lines with constitutive expression of OsWAK1 became resistant to the compatible race. However, OsWAK1 expression was undetectable in leaves, stems and flowers but very weak in roots under normal growth conditions. This provides functional evidence that induction of OsWAK1 as novel RLK plays important roles in plant disease resistance[1]. Oligogalacturonides (OGs) released from the plant cell wall are active both as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) for the activation of the plant immune response and regulators of plant growth and development. Members of the Wall-Associated Kinase (WAK) family are candidate receptors of OGs, due to their ability to bind in vitro these oligosaccharides. Because lethality and redundancy have hampered the study of WAKs by reverse genetics, we have adopted a chimeric receptor approach to elucidate the role of Arabidopsis WAK1[2].<br />
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===Expression===<br />
A comparative analysis on protein kinases encoded in the completely sequenced genomes of two plant species, namely Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa spp japonica cv. Nipponbare is reported in the current study. We have analysed 836 and 1386 kinases identified from A. thaliana and the O. sativa genomes respectively. Their classification into known subfamilies reveals selective expansions of the plant receptor kinase subfamily comprising of Ser/Thr receptor kinases. The presence of calcium dependent kinases, and potential absence of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase of the type found in other (non-plant) eukaryotes, are other notable features of the two plant kinomes described here.<br />
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An analysis on domain organisation of each of the protein kinases encoded in the plant genome has been carried out. Uncommon composition of functional domains like nuclear translocation factor domain, redox sensor domain (PAS), ACT and lectin domains are observed in few protein kinases shared between the two plant species. Biochemical functions characteristic of the domains recruited in these protein kinase gene products suggest their mode of regulation by alternate cellular localisation, oxidation potential, amino acid flux and binding of carbohydrates. Occurrence of multi-functional kinases with diverse enzymatic modules, such as Transposases and peptidases, tethered to the kinase catalytic domain is another interesting feature of the protein kinase complement of the O. sativa genome. Co-occurrence of diverse nucleotide and carbohydrate binding domains with catalytic kinase domain containing gene products has also been observed. Putative homologues of protein kinases of A. thaliana that regulate plant-specific physiological processes like ethylene hormone response, somatic embryogenesis and pathogen defence have been identified in O. sativa genome as well.<br />
Intron-exon structure is conserved between theWAK and WAKL genes. The diagram shows a standardized depiction of a WAK or WAKL gene from each of the four groups (I-IV). Exons are represented by boxes. Introns are represented as ‘V’s. Regions of each gene encoding functional domains are indicated with shaded boxes: N-terminal signal sequence (black), EGF2-like domain (red), calcium-binding EGF domain (blue), transmembrane domain (green), and Ser/Thr protein kinase active site (orange).[[File:Example.jpg]]<br />
Reiterative database searches (BLAST) using the WAK1 cDNA or WAK1 protein sequences as queries identified a large family containing 22 genes in Arabidopsis similar to WAKs (TableI). We have called these sequencesWAK-like genes (WAKLs), as suggested by Shiu and Bleecker (2001).<br />
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===Evolution===<br />
The wall-associated kinase (WAK) gene family, one of the receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene families in plants, plays important roles in cell expansion, pathogen resistance, and heavy-metal stress tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Through a reiterative database search and manual reannotation, we identified 125 OsWAK gene family members from rice (Oryza sativa) japonica cv Nipponbare; 37 (approximately 30%) OsWAKs were corrected/reannotated from earlier automated annotations. Of the 125 OsWAKs, 67 are receptor-like kinases, 28 receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, 13 receptor-like proteins, 12 short genes, and five pseudogenes. The two-intron gene structure of the Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes is generally conserved in OsWAKs; however, extra/missed introns were observed in some OsWAKs either in extracellular regions or in protein kinase domains. In addition to the 38 OsWAKs with full-length cDNA sequences and the 11 with rice expressed sequence tag sequences, gene expression analyses, using tiling-microarray analysis of the 20 OsWAKs on chromosome 10 and reverse transcription-PCR analysis for five OsWAKs, indicate that the majority of identified OsWAKs are likely expressed in rice. Phylogenetic analyses of OsWAKs, Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes, and barley (Hordeum vulgare) HvWAKs show that the OsWAK gene family expanded in the rice genome due to lineage-specific expansion of the family in monocots. Localized gene duplications appear to be the primary genetic event in OsWAK gene family expansion and the 125 OsWAKs, present on all 12 chromosomes, are mostly clustered.<br />
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You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
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==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1.Santy Peraza-Echeverria, Andrew James-Kay, Blondy Canto-Canché, Eduardo Castillo-Castro (2007).Structural and phylogenetic analysis of Pto-type disease resistance gene candidates in banana. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 278,443-453.<br />
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2.Alexandre Brutusa; Francesca Siciliaa, Alberto Maconeb, Felice Cervonea, and Giulia De Lorenzoa (2010). A domain swap approach reveals a role of the plant wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) as a receptor of oligogalacturonides. Alexandre Brutus, doi: 10.1073.<br />
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3.A. Krupa, Anamika, and N. Srinivasan (2006).Genome-wide comparative analyses of domain organisation of repertoires of protein kinases of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. elsevier 380,1-13.<br />
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==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0136400|<br />
Description = Protein kinase-like domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001048492.1 GI:115434397 GeneID:4325700|<br />
Length = 9605 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0136400, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
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ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:1956847..1966451|<br />
CDS = 1957104..1958041,1958213..1958467,1958587..1958619,1965545..1966325|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaatagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MHPTLLCLPLLASLLLLCHRARAECEPATCGNLTVRYPFWLGGP NFNQSNQSSPSSALASCGHPAFEVWCNGGVASLRGSQILVLSIDYNSSSFVAAHKRVA DGGDGVCRTDFNISSSLALSPFTISSSNRAICFLYSCNGTEPPEIDGLVNATISSCSK PIYAYLGGIYDRDNPPAIKAGNCTYSYLPVLWPDSPANLTAGTNYSPQFKKGFVLEWQ KNGFGDCDACNGSGGQCRYINDSAAAFACLCSDGKLRRSTCPGSRSKSHIIGIACGSS GGILLIVSIFIFAWHKRKKRKQTRDLKDLMHSSSSMQSYSKDLELGGSPHIFTYEELE EATAGFSASRELGDGGFGTVYKGKLRDGRVVAVKRLYKNNYRRVEQFLNEVDILSRLL HQNLVILYGCTSRSSRDLLLVYEYIPNGTVADHLHGPRAGERGLTWPVRMTIAIETAE ALAYLHAVEIIHRDVKTNNILLDNNFHVKVADFGLSRLFPLEVTHVSTVPQGTPGYVD PVYHQCYKLTDKSDVYSFGVVLIELISSKPAVDMSRSHSDINLANMALNRIQNHEVDQ LVDPEIGYETDSETKRMVDLVAELAFQCLQMDRESRPPIKEVVEVLNCIKNGECPAEK MNKNASPKEDSHLLKDSLQYSPDSVIHRFHSQSTNHSVASNSSG</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>8411..9348#7985..8239#7833..7865#127..907#agtcaagaaaaacaaggcaatggcaatagcatttctcgagcattagaccttcccctccctttccagcattctgctgctctccaatccggcctccattgtgtagcagctagctccacgagcggcaagatgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggtgagtaccacacttgcctatcgcccaatctgacgcatgtgttagctagttgaagattttggctcggtgtacggttaactggacggccaaattggcgcgttgcgatcggtagccatgtactccgatcccaaagttgcaatctctcgtaggtcccatgtggatttggagttgaattactggcccacgtcaatgtccttggattttactcaacctctcgctcgctcgcggtctcgggtagttacatgggcggctggctagtcagctgcagagatggtggtaaattttgggagggtttgcctcggtggtgacgttgacgacgacttatcaagcaggctgcaggcaggagttgacatgggcggctagtcactggttcttccattgaccacccagcgtgattgattcttgggtaaacgcatgaattccgtcctttcctttgtctctgtctcccaacttcccagggcagagatccttctgatccttctgcttccccctcttctttttcccccgaaaattcaccattctcattagtgaactggttcattattaggacaaataagacgttagcagtagttgcctgaagcttcgagtgtgttgagctggtccataaactaatgctcatagtaggtgacaatgtaaatcattagtacatgatcaccaagtggcattctgcgtagaagtaccaaaatagtggggacagatgggcacgggctaaatttggcatcgtgcacggcgcaccagccgctaccaggggctttctttgaactgataaggctaacgggataagttacgctttatatctttcgaaagcggtcaatcggagttgttagaagtggcgggccatgaatttttggagccgaaagaagcgaatattaaggaaagacctaatatcaaataattagaagggttgatactttgaacccagatcgtctcgttcaccatcttgtggagctagccggaagaccctggacgtttctcaaatttttggagcccaacatatacgcagacataattggaaacacaatggaaagctcaacatataagacatcataatggtgcgatctattggcttcttaaccttagttactgctccctccggtacaaaaatcttgatgttttaaccttgtaaatggtgattgcgaattgttaatgcttctatcttagcatgttatattggaccgctttgccctacatgcttggaagtaaaaaccaagtaaaaaagctagggaattggacctttagctcgcaccgatacaggtgattaattcaaaccaacggcagcagtgtagtgattaccatgagtacaatactatatttaatatggtaaaatagtaaattgatactgtaatatggagtaaatcacttcttggtatgtgagatcatgttcaaaacatcaataattttgaaactggaaggagtacacactgcccttctcaacttttaaacgctactatttccaaaaagaaaactttaaaatgcaataaacagatatgaaaaactgttccctcaaaaaatatatgaaaaattcaaaacaggaaatgcggtagtgctagaaatatgaaattatgaactttaatcagtgtagtttgtattgaaattttaatacaatggggaatgaaagcttatataaaaataaaaaatatatagaaaatgcaaaacaatatactaccttggtgcccccattaacgatagtactagagattgccaccactaagctaattccggtctatgagtctatccaagtgcttttacataaaagagcattgtgagctttgctgataatgacatagatttcggcaaaatatggtaccaaatgctaatgcctttcctgcaaagattctgattctaggagttgatagatacctacataatttttaggcttacttttttttcaaaattactttccaaattgttgaaatgaattttgtgctctacgctcctaaaatatattttctcaaaaaaatattctattgtattgcacacttgttttaagttcatttattaaatgtttaatttataactacaatcaagtagataatctgtacaacaatccacttaataatccttagattgtgtttgagtgatgaaatgagaaaattaagaagatacaacaaacaagatgagtcattagcttatatgaattgagtattaactgttttaaatttgaaactatatgaattgagtattactttattatatttatctataaacatagttaaacatgagacagtttgactgaccaaaaatcaaaacaacttataatctaaaacggagggagtactggttagtggtaggaactagcaacgcagcacatatgtgttcaatctgcattaggtttttggttagagagaagatactagatattaacacgtttttatcagaaagtactccttctgtcctatattattaggttcagaaaaatgtatctacaagttctcataatattaggatatgtcaaattaggtaggtttttattaaacacatgaagtattctgtaggagtttttttttagttttagttacatccgtacaggtaagcgttgaccggttggaaagtggactagtctctgcttaccggcaagagtaggtgtggaacaaagggcgtagtagcctgttatacaacaggtagaaaacaatggtggacagcagcgtgcactagctagctggaagagggttaataggagtacacgacgatgagtccggacaaactggtccagtcacatcagggcggttataacagctagctgcccatagggcaccccggaaactcgcacgcgtggacgacgatcgttcgtgtatcaggtcaaacatttcgacacagaggaatagttcccgtgtgcaaagtttcttacttccatctcccccacaaacttccatctccttcagaaatcccctatccccctcctcctctttctgtctcgatgtccccgagcttcttctttgtcgtcgtctcggcctggtcgctagcgctgatgctcgccgcggcggcgaggggagccgaggaggaaggaggaggaggctgcctgggcagccagaaatgcggcgacctgaatatctcctctccgttctggatcatccagggccaggcggataagccgtgtggtcctctggattaccaggtatattgcaacaactccaccggcgtcgcaactcttcgaagctctacagacagcgggtttgatatcatcaacatatcatatggggaccgtactatgctcgtctttgatgtccataagctagctcgcctgaataactccaccggctgcagtatcccagtgtttaacaccttcgccaagctgcccatcacgtttacaatcagcccttccaatcacaacctcgtcttctacaactgcaccgaggcgccgccggcggagcagcagcaacaactggggctcgtggagacgagatgcggtaacaacacgtttgctcgcctgggagggcgtttccacggggagggcgactacgacaagtactatttggaaggctgcagcagaaacagcaccgtcttcttgccggtgctggaaccgcctgatggcaaggcgaacgccagcaggtatgtggagctcgtgggtggaggcttcctcataacatgggacctgccaccgccagtgacatcttctggtaagttcaccctccctgaaactattaggatcaagttcgtatagaaaatccactgtatatcctgatacttccgatctccaagcgagtactagtagaatacggttctcgctcatcagcgtgtaggacagggaatctgtcgattggctgatagggtcgtcatcttgcccaatcgtggcggctgggcaacagggatgagcaagaattaaactagaattaaagtgatcaaagcagtggaccatgaccgtcctttcgcattccatctcactccggtgccattccttccaatcttcgatcctgttctggtacatgactgagaagaccatgcacatctgttggaattggaaccgatacggcaagacgatgaggccgtagacagccattatccagtcaattttttcggccactacagagaattcccaa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/>
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001048492.1 RefSeq:Os01g0136400]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0136400&diff=171967Os01g01364002014-05-24T21:31:27Z<p>Smallant: </p>
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<div>The expression product of Os01g0136400 is wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) which is a transmembrane protein containing a cytoplasmic Ser/Thr kinase domain and an extracellular domain in contact with the pectin fraction of the plant cell walls.<br />
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==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
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'''plays important roles in rice blast disease resistance'''<br />
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Wall-associated protein kinases (WAKs) can phosphorylate OsRFP1, a putative transcription regulator recently identified in rice. OsRFP1 strongly interacts with the kinase domain of OsWAK1. This demonstrated that OsWAK1 is a functional protein kinase. A fusion protein of OsWAK1 with GFP was found to be localized on the cell surface. Northern blotting analysis showed that infection of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae significantly induced the OsWAK1 transcripts, and the accumulation of OsWAK1 mRNA occurred earlier and was more abundant in rice leaves infected with an incompatible race than with a compatible race of the blast fungus. OsWAK1 was also induced after treatment by mechanical wounding, SA and MeJA, but not by ABA. These results imply that OsWAK1 is a gene involved in plant defense. Furthermore, six transgenic rice lines with constitutive expression of OsWAK1 became resistant to the compatible race. However, OsWAK1 expression was undetectable in leaves, stems and flowers but very weak in roots under normal growth conditions. This provides functional evidence that induction of OsWAK1 as novel RLK plays important roles in plant disease resistance[1]. Oligogalacturonides (OGs) released from the plant cell wall are active both as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) for the activation of the plant immune response and regulators of plant growth and development. Members of the Wall-Associated Kinase (WAK) family are candidate receptors of OGs, due to their ability to bind in vitro these oligosaccharides. Because lethality and redundancy have hampered the study of WAKs by reverse genetics, we have adopted a chimeric receptor approach to elucidate the role of Arabidopsis WAK1[2].<br />
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===Expression===<br />
A comparative analysis on protein kinases encoded in the completely sequenced genomes of two plant species, namely Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa spp japonica cv. Nipponbare is reported in the current study. We have analysed 836 and 1386 kinases identified from A. thaliana and the O. sativa genomes respectively. Their classification into known subfamilies reveals selective expansions of the plant receptor kinase subfamily comprising of Ser/Thr receptor kinases. The presence of calcium dependent kinases, and potential absence of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase of the type found in other (non-plant) eukaryotes, are other notable features of the two plant kinomes described here.<br />
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An analysis on domain organisation of each of the protein kinases encoded in the plant genome has been carried out. Uncommon composition of functional domains like nuclear translocation factor domain, redox sensor domain (PAS), ACT and lectin domains are observed in few protein kinases shared between the two plant species. Biochemical functions characteristic of the domains recruited in these protein kinase gene products suggest their mode of regulation by alternate cellular localisation, oxidation potential, amino acid flux and binding of carbohydrates. Occurrence of multi-functional kinases with diverse enzymatic modules, such as Transposases and peptidases, tethered to the kinase catalytic domain is another interesting feature of the protein kinase complement of the O. sativa genome. Co-occurrence of diverse nucleotide and carbohydrate binding domains with catalytic kinase domain containing gene products has also been observed. Putative homologues of protein kinases of A. thaliana that regulate plant-specific physiological processes like ethylene hormone response, somatic embryogenesis and pathogen defence have been identified in O. sativa genome as well.<br />
Intron-exon structure is conserved between theWAK and WAKL genes. The diagram shows a standardized depiction of a WAK or WAKL gene from each of the four groups (I-IV). Exons are represented by boxes. Introns are represented as ‘V’s. Regions of each gene encoding functional domains are indicated with shaded boxes: N-terminal signal sequence (black), EGF2-like domain (red), calcium-binding EGF domain (blue), transmembrane domain (green), and Ser/Thr protein kinase active site (orange).[[File:]]<br />
Reiterative database searches (BLAST) using the WAK1 cDNA or WAK1 protein sequences as queries identified a large family containing 22 genes in Arabidopsis similar to WAKs (TableI). We have called these sequencesWAK-like genes (WAKLs), as suggested by Shiu and Bleecker (2001).<br />
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===Evolution===<br />
The wall-associated kinase (WAK) gene family, one of the receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene families in plants, plays important roles in cell expansion, pathogen resistance, and heavy-metal stress tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Through a reiterative database search and manual reannotation, we identified 125 OsWAK gene family members from rice (Oryza sativa) japonica cv Nipponbare; 37 (approximately 30%) OsWAKs were corrected/reannotated from earlier automated annotations. Of the 125 OsWAKs, 67 are receptor-like kinases, 28 receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, 13 receptor-like proteins, 12 short genes, and five pseudogenes. The two-intron gene structure of the Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes is generally conserved in OsWAKs; however, extra/missed introns were observed in some OsWAKs either in extracellular regions or in protein kinase domains. In addition to the 38 OsWAKs with full-length cDNA sequences and the 11 with rice expressed sequence tag sequences, gene expression analyses, using tiling-microarray analysis of the 20 OsWAKs on chromosome 10 and reverse transcription-PCR analysis for five OsWAKs, indicate that the majority of identified OsWAKs are likely expressed in rice. Phylogenetic analyses of OsWAKs, Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes, and barley (Hordeum vulgare) HvWAKs show that the OsWAK gene family expanded in the rice genome due to lineage-specific expansion of the family in monocots. Localized gene duplications appear to be the primary genetic event in OsWAK gene family expansion and the 125 OsWAKs, present on all 12 chromosomes, are mostly clustered.<br />
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You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
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==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1.Santy Peraza-Echeverria, Andrew James-Kay, Blondy Canto-Canché, Eduardo Castillo-Castro (2007).Structural and phylogenetic analysis of Pto-type disease resistance gene candidates in banana. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 278,443-453.<br />
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2.Alexandre Brutusa; Francesca Siciliaa, Alberto Maconeb, Felice Cervonea, and Giulia De Lorenzoa (2010). A domain swap approach reveals a role of the plant wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) as a receptor of oligogalacturonides. Alexandre Brutus, doi: 10.1073.<br />
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3.A. Krupa, Anamika, and N. Srinivasan (2006).Genome-wide comparative analyses of domain organisation of repertoires of protein kinases of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. elsevier 380,1-13.<br />
<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0136400|<br />
Description = Protein kinase-like domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001048492.1 GI:115434397 GeneID:4325700|<br />
Length = 9605 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0136400, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:1956847..1966451|<br />
CDS = 1957104..1958041,1958213..1958467,1958587..1958619,1965545..1966325|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaatagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MHPTLLCLPLLASLLLLCHRARAECEPATCGNLTVRYPFWLGGP NFNQSNQSSPSSALASCGHPAFEVWCNGGVASLRGSQILVLSIDYNSSSFVAAHKRVA DGGDGVCRTDFNISSSLALSPFTISSSNRAICFLYSCNGTEPPEIDGLVNATISSCSK PIYAYLGGIYDRDNPPAIKAGNCTYSYLPVLWPDSPANLTAGTNYSPQFKKGFVLEWQ KNGFGDCDACNGSGGQCRYINDSAAAFACLCSDGKLRRSTCPGSRSKSHIIGIACGSS GGILLIVSIFIFAWHKRKKRKQTRDLKDLMHSSSSMQSYSKDLELGGSPHIFTYEELE EATAGFSASRELGDGGFGTVYKGKLRDGRVVAVKRLYKNNYRRVEQFLNEVDILSRLL HQNLVILYGCTSRSSRDLLLVYEYIPNGTVADHLHGPRAGERGLTWPVRMTIAIETAE ALAYLHAVEIIHRDVKTNNILLDNNFHVKVADFGLSRLFPLEVTHVSTVPQGTPGYVD PVYHQCYKLTDKSDVYSFGVVLIELISSKPAVDMSRSHSDINLANMALNRIQNHEVDQ LVDPEIGYETDSETKRMVDLVAELAFQCLQMDRESRPPIKEVVEVLNCIKNGECPAEK MNKNASPKEDSHLLKDSLQYSPDSVIHRFHSQSTNHSVASNSSG</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>8411..9348#7985..8239#7833..7865#127..907#agtcaagaaaaacaaggcaatggcaatagcatttctcgagcattagaccttcccctccctttccagcattctgctgctctccaatccggcctccattgtgtagcagctagctccacgagcggcaagatgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggtgagtaccacacttgcctatcgcccaatctgacgcatgtgttagctagttgaagattttggctcggtgtacggttaactggacggccaaattggcgcgttgcgatcggtagccatgtactccgatcccaaagttgcaatctctcgtaggtcccatgtggatttggagttgaattactggcccacgtcaatgtccttggattttactcaacctctcgctcgctcgcggtctcgggtagttacatgggcggctggctagtcagctgcagagatggtggtaaattttgggagggtttgcctcggtggtgacgttgacgacgacttatcaagcaggctgcaggcaggagttgacatgggcggctagtcactggttcttccattgaccacccagcgtgattgattcttgggtaaacgcatgaattccgtcctttcctttgtctctgtctcccaacttcccagggcagagatccttctgatccttctgcttccccctcttctttttcccccgaaaattcaccattctcattagtgaactggttcattattaggacaaataagacgttagcagtagttgcctgaagcttcgagtgtgttgagctggtccataaactaatgctcatagtaggtgacaatgtaaatcattagtacatgatcaccaagtggcattctgcgtagaagtaccaaaatagtggggacagatgggcacgggctaaatttggcatcgtgcacggcgcaccagccgctaccaggggctttctttgaactgataaggctaacgggataagttacgctttatatctttcgaaagcggtcaatcggagttgttagaagtggcgggccatgaatttttggagccgaaagaagcgaatattaaggaaagacctaatatcaaataattagaagggttgatactttgaacccagatcgtctcgttcaccatcttgtggagctagccggaagaccctggacgtttctcaaatttttggagcccaacatatacgcagacataattggaaacacaatggaaagctcaacatataagacatcataatggtgcgatctattggcttcttaaccttagttactgctccctccggtacaaaaatcttgatgttttaaccttgtaaatggtgattgcgaattgttaatgcttctatcttagcatgttatattggaccgctttgccctacatgcttggaagtaaaaaccaagtaaaaaagctagggaattggacctttagctcgcaccgatacaggtgattaattcaaaccaacggcagcagtgtagtgattaccatgagtacaatactatatttaatatggtaaaatagtaaattgatactgtaatatggagtaaatcacttcttggtatgtgagatcatgttcaaaacatcaataattttgaaactggaaggagtacacactgcccttctcaacttttaaacgctactatttccaaaaagaaaactttaaaatgcaataaacagatatgaaaaactgttccctcaaaaaatatatgaaaaattcaaaacaggaaatgcggtagtgctagaaatatgaaattatgaactttaatcagtgtagtttgtattgaaattttaatacaatggggaatgaaagcttatataaaaataaaaaatatatagaaaatgcaaaacaatatactaccttggtgcccccattaacgatagtactagagattgccaccactaagctaattccggtctatgagtctatccaagtgcttttacataaaagagcattgtgagctttgctgataatgacatagatttcggcaaaatatggtaccaaatgctaatgcctttcctgcaaagattctgattctaggagttgatagatacctacataatttttaggcttacttttttttcaaaattactttccaaattgttgaaatgaattttgtgctctacgctcctaaaatatattttctcaaaaaaatattctattgtattgcacacttgttttaagttcatttattaaatgtttaatttataactacaatcaagtagataatctgtacaacaatccacttaataatccttagattgtgtttgagtgatgaaatgagaaaattaagaagatacaacaaacaagatgagtcattagcttatatgaattgagtattaactgttttaaatttgaaactatatgaattgagtattactttattatatttatctataaacatagttaaacatgagacagtttgactgaccaaaaatcaaaacaacttataatctaaaacggagggagtactggttagtggtaggaactagcaacgcagcacatatgtgttcaatctgcattaggtttttggttagagagaagatactagatattaacacgtttttatcagaaagtactccttctgtcctatattattaggttcagaaaaatgtatctacaagttctcataatattaggatatgtcaaattaggtaggtttttattaaacacatgaagtattctgtaggagtttttttttagttttagttacatccgtacaggtaagcgttgaccggttggaaagtggactagtctctgcttaccggcaagagtaggtgtggaacaaagggcgtagtagcctgttatacaacaggtagaaaacaatggtggacagcagcgtgcactagctagctggaagagggttaataggagtacacgacgatgagtccggacaaactggtccagtcacatcagggcggttataacagctagctgcccatagggcaccccggaaactcgcacgcgtggacgacgatcgttcgtgtatcaggtcaaacatttcgacacagaggaatagttcccgtgtgcaaagtttcttacttccatctcccccacaaacttccatctccttcagaaatcccctatccccctcctcctctttctgtctcgatgtccccgagcttcttctttgtcgtcgtctcggcctggtcgctagcgctgatgctcgccgcggcggcgaggggagccgaggaggaaggaggaggaggctgcctgggcagccagaaatgcggcgacctgaatatctcctctccgttctggatcatccagggccaggcggataagccgtgtggtcctctggattaccaggtatattgcaacaactccaccggcgtcgcaactcttcgaagctctacagacagcgggtttgatatcatcaacatatcatatggggaccgtactatgctcgtctttgatgtccataagctagctcgcctgaataactccaccggctgcagtatcccagtgtttaacaccttcgccaagctgcccatcacgtttacaatcagcccttccaatcacaacctcgtcttctacaactgcaccgaggcgccgccggcggagcagcagcaacaactggggctcgtggagacgagatgcggtaacaacacgtttgctcgcctgggagggcgtttccacggggagggcgactacgacaagtactatttggaaggctgcagcagaaacagcaccgtcttcttgccggtgctggaaccgcctgatggcaaggcgaacgccagcaggtatgtggagctcgtgggtggaggcttcctcataacatgggacctgccaccgccagtgacatcttctggtaagttcaccctccctgaaactattaggatcaagttcgtatagaaaatccactgtatatcctgatacttccgatctccaagcgagtactagtagaatacggttctcgctcatcagcgtgtaggacagggaatctgtcgattggctgatagggtcgtcatcttgcccaatcgtggcggctgggcaacagggatgagcaagaattaaactagaattaaagtgatcaaagcagtggaccatgaccgtcctttcgcattccatctcactccggtgccattccttccaatcttcgatcctgttctggtacatgactgagaagaccatgcacatctgttggaattggaaccgatacggcaagacgatgaggccgtagacagccattatccagtcaattttttcggccactacagagaattcccaaagttaaatgtatcgtactagaagaagaagtagcagtattaattctctcatgtcttcctcaatcctcatcaacaacacatcaccaattcatcctcttcgttttcgatgccctctccttccttgttcctcttgttcgcctgcctcgcctgggcgagtcaagcagcgaatacggcggcagacaatcgtccacaagaaggctgcgcggccagtactgtatgtggcaaggtgaccatctcgtcgccgttcgccgtcgtgccggagcaggcaacggagagcaaatgcggctggcttggattccaggttatctgccacaacgacactccatacctcggctactacaagcccagatatcggatccagatcctcgacatcttctacggcaacaattcattgctcgtctctgacatccacaagctcggtgacttcattgtcttctccggcgtcagcaaagaatactcctgccatgttccgaggaccaacacctcctccaaggtcggcctcccgttctccatcagcaccaccaatctcaacctcttcctgtacagttgcaataaggcgcttgtgccgcgggacggagacgacgacctcgtggagacgaggtgcggcaacaagacgtttgctcgcgtaggagggaattacagtgattcgggcgactacccggcgttttacatggaaggctgcaatgctaccgtcgtgccggtgctgggcacggacgcgaggagctatgagcagctcatccgcgacggcttcctcttgacatggcaagagacgccgtcatctggtaagttcgttcgcgaaattatccatttaatcatcactttcgggaggaggaaatgcgtaaaatttatggtgtcaactttatcgaatccgttaatcaatcagtgacttgtttattggttgataaggcagtcgtcatcgctaatccatctccgacctttggatatcgaaatcagagaaatatatgcaaaaactatactcccttcgtttcacgatgtaaatcattttagcgtttcttacgttaatattgatgttaattaatctagacatatatacctatctagatttattaacatcaatataaacgtgaaaaatactatagtgatgaaacggagaaaatagtacggagtacttcgtcaagaagctgtagcagcagagagagtagtagcaatgtagcagtatgttcaatccgtagactttgaccggtcaaaaccgcttcgccaccgtccttttgccccacgcctcatatcccatccctcgatctctcgtccccttcttctctctcatataatccatttcaccactgcattccgtagttgatttgcgtacccaagtccaccagatatgcctccgctcatactgctactgctggtagcttccttcctcgagttgccggcaccggcgagctcgtctagtcctggctgcttgcccacgccatgcggcaagctgaccatctcctacccgttctggctggaggagcccggccggccgccgtgcgggtcgccgcccttccagctcaagtgcaacgccaccggcgcatacctcacgcacaccatctacgaggcgtatcgcgttgttgatatcttcaccggaaaccacaccgtccatgtggtggacgagaatctcccgctcgccaccggctgcccggcgccgccgttcaacatctccgatggcatctggcaggcgccgttcgtcatcagcgaagccaacgcagagctgcgcttcctctcgtgtaacaagtcacttccggcggcggctgctcctcccggcttccatagcctgccttgtgatgaccaaaactcctccgtccggctcgtcagcgaccaccatttacacgaggatgggattccaccgggctgtaacttcacggttgtgccgatcgttcagcgtcacaatgggagtatggccggctatattgccagcatgaggagtgggtttctactagagtgggcggtggtttcaggggattgtcccaaatgtcaagtaagcggcgggaattgcacgtacagcgacgacctggagttcgcctgcaattgccccgacgggatgcaccctgacaagtgtagagagttcagaaaatcggaagagcacggtaaatttgtccagtcaattatcaattagaataaaaattttaacatagttctgtgaacatgcagcctaggccatcctaaccgattcaatgcatccaaagtgtgttcatctagttgatagttttctttatatatatagaaaagaatgacacatcatttcgttatacaggaagatttccatgctactgtggcctaatgtccactagataaactcttattataataatgcgcgtgacatctagttttgctatcgaggaaagaaattaaacacagcattgtcacagcaatgttcataagaatataaaatgcaaagtggatattgatatttttgttttgaattatgagtgtttgcttcaagttcctgctgttttggttgttagtttctcatcaaacaattatttcactgatgggaacattggcatttggcagcttatggaatcctagtcaaacgtgttacgtgtagtttgaagtattcaactacactatctgataaagatatcataccaataccatgttccaatttttcttctgctgattgctgactgacgaagaaatccctcatctgattgacagcaaataccctttcattttctaatccttaattagtgtgttccaaacatgtggaaagcataaattgcatctgtatttctgttgaattaggctgaaaagttgtataagcactgtccttcgtttcaacagggggttaggggagcaatgataccctaacaatgtgattatgaatgatcattctatttgttcatggcatatttgtgcaaggtattaaaagtctgttcttctgcaggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaataggtgagtataattcattcttgtttcttggacttccccaaccattcaaaatgtaattatgaagatatgcttcagatccttggttctcacatattgatagtgctctgtctctgttattgcagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggtaggagaatatgtttgcacaactcccttgttgttaatagatttctcatctaatcacttcctcattagcatgcctaattgcatgcgacaggggctccgttgaactttgttccataatagataacttcccctattaacttagcagttacaattcttcctttctgccattcaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatgatgagaaactttgtattgattctgatgaaataaggataactaagttgtcccctcttggttgatggactaattaatactacaagtgtttgactatgagcttggcagaaattcagacaattggtgaatgcggtaggagaaatacagggttcaaacaatctcgtgtaatctagtgttcagtgtgttcatgatttcaggttagcgagtggtatcagggagaacacatcccattgttaccctaactagaggttgcaattttgc</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001048492.1 RefSeq:Os01g0136400]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Smallanthttps://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os01g0136400&diff=171966Os01g01364002014-05-24T21:00:08Z<p>Smallant: </p>
<hr />
<div>The expression product of Os01g0136400 is Oryza sativa wall-associated kinase 1 (OsWAK1) which is a transmembrane protein containing a cytoplasmic Ser/Thr kinase domain and an extracellular domain in contact with the pectin fraction of the plant cell walls.<br />
<br />
==Annotated Information==<br />
===Function===<br />
<br />
'''plays important roles in rice blast disease resistance'''<br />
<br />
Wall-associated protein kinases (WAKs) can phosphorylate OsRFP1, a putative transcription regulator recently identified in rice. OsRFP1 strongly interacts with the kinase domain of OsWAK1. This demonstrated that OsWAK1 is a functional protein kinase. A fusion protein of OsWAK1 with GFP was found to be localized on the cell surface. Northern blotting analysis showed that infection of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae significantly induced the OsWAK1 transcripts, and the accumulation of OsWAK1 mRNA occurred earlier and was more abundant in rice leaves infected with an incompatible race than with a compatible race of the blast fungus. OsWAK1 was also induced after treatment by mechanical wounding, SA and MeJA, but not by ABA. These results imply that OsWAK1 is a gene involved in plant defense. Furthermore, six transgenic rice lines with constitutive expression of OsWAK1 became resistant to the compatible race. However, OsWAK1 expression was undetectable in leaves, stems and flowers but very weak in roots under normal growth conditions. This provides functional evidence that induction of OsWAK1 as novel RLK plays important roles in plant disease resistance[1]. Oligogalacturonides (OGs) released from the plant cell wall are active both as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) for the activation of the plant immune response and regulators of plant growth and development. Members of the Wall-Associated Kinase (WAK) family are candidate receptors of OGs, due to their ability to bind in vitro these oligosaccharides. Because lethality and redundancy have hampered the study of WAKs by reverse genetics, we have adopted a chimeric receptor approach to elucidate the role of Arabidopsis WAK1[2].<br />
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===Expression===<br />
Please input expression information here.<br />
<br />
===Evolution===<br />
The wall-associated kinase (WAK) gene family, one of the receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene families in plants, plays important roles in cell expansion, pathogen resistance, and heavy-metal stress tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Through a reiterative database search and manual reannotation, we identified 125 OsWAK gene family members from rice (Oryza sativa) japonica cv Nipponbare; 37 (approximately 30%) OsWAKs were corrected/reannotated from earlier automated annotations. Of the 125 OsWAKs, 67 are receptor-like kinases, 28 receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, 13 receptor-like proteins, 12 short genes, and five pseudogenes. The two-intron gene structure of the Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes is generally conserved in OsWAKs; however, extra/missed introns were observed in some OsWAKs either in extracellular regions or in protein kinase domains. In addition to the 38 OsWAKs with full-length cDNA sequences and the 11 with rice expressed sequence tag sequences, gene expression analyses, using tiling-microarray analysis of the 20 OsWAKs on chromosome 10 and reverse transcription-PCR analysis for five OsWAKs, indicate that the majority of identified OsWAKs are likely expressed in rice. Phylogenetic analyses of OsWAKs, Arabidopsis WAK/WAK-Likes, and barley (Hordeum vulgare) HvWAKs show that the OsWAK gene family expanded in the rice genome due to lineage-specific expansion of the family in monocots. Localized gene duplications appear to be the primary genetic event in OsWAK gene family expansion and the 125 OsWAKs, present on all 12 chromosomes, are mostly clustered.<br />
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You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br />
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==Labs working on this gene==<br />
Please input related labs here.<br />
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==References==<br />
Please input cited references here.<br />
1.Santy Peraza-Echeverria, Andrew James-Kay, Blondy Canto-Canché, Eduardo Castillo-Castro (2007).Structural and phylogenetic analysis of Pto-type disease resistance gene candidates in banana. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 278,443-453.<br />
<br />
2.Alexandre Brutusa; Francesca Siciliaa, Alberto Maconeb, Felice Cervonea, and Giulia De Lorenzoa (2010). A domain swap approach reveals a role of the plant wall-associated kinase 1 (WAK1) as a receptor of oligogalacturonides. Alexandre Brutus, doi: 10.1073.<br />
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<br />
==Structured Information==<br />
{{JaponicaGene|<br />
GeneName = Os01g0136400|<br />
Description = Protein kinase-like domain containing protein|<br />
Version = NM_001048492.1 GI:115434397 GeneID:4325700|<br />
Length = 9605 bp|<br />
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0136400, complete gene.|<br />
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
<br />
ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br />
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br />
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br />
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br />
|<br />
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|<br />
AP = Chromosome 1:1956847..1966451|<br />
CDS = 1957104..1958041,1958213..1958467,1958587..1958619,1965545..1966325|<br />
GCID = <gbrowseImage1><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage1>|<br />
GSID = <gbrowseImage2><br />
name=NC_008394:1956847..1966451<br />
source=RiceChromosome01<br />
preset=GeneLocation<br />
</gbrowseImage2>|<br />
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaatagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatga</cdnaseq>|<br />
AA = <aaseq>MHPTLLCLPLLASLLLLCHRARAECEPATCGNLTVRYPFWLGGP NFNQSNQSSPSSALASCGHPAFEVWCNGGVASLRGSQILVLSIDYNSSSFVAAHKRVA DGGDGVCRTDFNISSSLALSPFTISSSNRAICFLYSCNGTEPPEIDGLVNATISSCSK PIYAYLGGIYDRDNPPAIKAGNCTYSYLPVLWPDSPANLTAGTNYSPQFKKGFVLEWQ KNGFGDCDACNGSGGQCRYINDSAAAFACLCSDGKLRRSTCPGSRSKSHIIGIACGSS GGILLIVSIFIFAWHKRKKRKQTRDLKDLMHSSSSMQSYSKDLELGGSPHIFTYEELE EATAGFSASRELGDGGFGTVYKGKLRDGRVVAVKRLYKNNYRRVEQFLNEVDILSRLL HQNLVILYGCTSRSSRDLLLVYEYIPNGTVADHLHGPRAGERGLTWPVRMTIAIETAE ALAYLHAVEIIHRDVKTNNILLDNNFHVKVADFGLSRLFPLEVTHVSTVPQGTPGYVD PVYHQCYKLTDKSDVYSFGVVLIELISSKPAVDMSRSHSDINLANMALNRIQNHEVDQ LVDPEIGYETDSETKRMVDLVAELAFQCLQMDRESRPPIKEVVEVLNCIKNGECPAEK MNKNASPKEDSHLLKDSLQYSPDSVIHRFHSQSTNHSVASNSSG</aaseq>|<br />
DNA = <dnaseqindica>8411..9348#7985..8239#7833..7865#127..907#agtcaagaaaaacaaggcaatggcaatagcatttctcgagcattagaccttcccctccctttccagcattctgctgctctccaatccggcctccattgtgtagcagctagctccacgagcggcaagatgcacccgaccttgttgtgcttgccactcttggcctccttgctcctcctgtgccaccgcgcgcgcgccgagtgcgagccggcgacatgcggcaacctcaccgtcaggtacccattctggctaggcggccccaacttcaaccagtccaaccagtcgtcgccgtcgtcagctctggcctcctgtggccatccggctttcgaggtgtggtgtaacggcggcgtggcgtcgttgaggggctcgcaaatcctcgtcctcagcatcgactacaacagcagctcattcgtcgcggcacacaaaagggtcgccgacggcggcgacggcgtgtgccgcaccgacttcaacatatcgtccagcctagccctcagcccgttcacgatcagcagcagcaaccgggccatctgcttcctctacagctgcaacggcacggagccaccggagatcgacggccttgtgaacgccaccatctccagctgcagtaagcctatctacgcgtacctcggcgggatctacgaccgtgataatccaccggcgatcaaagccgggaactgcacgtactcgtacctgccggtgctgtggccggactcgccggcgaacttgacggcggggacaaactacagcccgcagttcaagaaggggttcgtgttggagtggcagaagaacgggttcggcgactgcgacgcctgtaacgggagcggcggtcagtgccggtacatcaacgattccgcggcggcgttcgcgtgcctctgctccgacggcaagctgcgccgctcgacatgccccggtgagtaccacacttgcctatcgcccaatctgacgcatgtgttagctagttgaagattttggctcggtgtacggttaactggacggccaaattggcgcgttgcgatcggtagccatgtactccgatcccaaagttgcaatctctcgtaggtcccatgtggatttggagttgaattactggcccacgtcaatgtccttggattttactcaacctctcgctcgctcgcggtctcgggtagttacatgggcggctggctagtcagctgcagagatggtggtaaattttgggagggtttgcctcggtggtgacgttgacgacgacttatcaagcaggctgcaggcaggagttgacatgggcggctagtcactggttcttccattgaccacccagcgtgattgattcttgggtaaacgcatgaattccgtcctttcctttgtctctgtctcccaacttcccagggcagagatccttctgatccttctgcttccccctcttctttttcccccgaaaattcaccattctcattagtgaactggttcattattaggacaaataagacgttagcagtagttgcctgaagcttcgagtgtgttgagctggtccataaactaatgctcatagtaggtgacaatgtaaatcattagtacatgatcaccaagtggcattctgcgtagaagtaccaaaatagtggggacagatgggcacgggctaaatttggcatcgtgcacggcgcaccagccgctaccaggggctttctttgaactgataaggctaacgggataagttacgctttatatctttcgaaagcggtcaatcggagttgttagaagtggcgggccatgaatttttggagccgaaagaagcgaatattaaggaaagacctaatatcaaataattagaagggttgatactttgaacccagatcgtctcgttcaccatcttgtggagctagccggaagaccctggacgtttctcaaatttttggagcccaacatatacgcagacataattggaaacacaatggaaagctcaacatataagacatcataatggtgcgatctattggcttcttaaccttagttactgctccctccggtacaaaaatcttgatgttttaaccttgtaaatggtgattgcgaattgttaatgcttctatcttagcatgttatattggaccgctttgccctacatgcttggaagtaaaaaccaagtaaaaaagctagggaattggacctttagctcgcaccgatacaggtgattaattcaaaccaacggcagcagtgtagtgattaccatgagtacaatactatatttaatatggtaaaatagtaaattgatactgtaatatggagtaaatcacttcttggtatgtgagatcatgttcaaaacatcaataattttgaaactggaaggagtacacactgcccttctcaacttttaaacgctactatttccaaaaagaaaactttaaaatgcaataaacagatatgaaaaactgttccctcaaaaaatatatgaaaaattcaaaacaggaaatgcggtagtgctagaaatatgaaattatgaactttaatcagtgtagtttgtattgaaattttaatacaatggggaatgaaagcttatataaaaataaaaaatatatagaaaatgcaaaacaatatactaccttggtgcccccattaacgatagtactagagattgccaccactaagctaattccggtctatgagtctatccaagtgcttttacataaaagagcattgtgagctttgctgataatgacatagatttcggcaaaatatggtaccaaatgctaatgcctttcctgcaaagattctgattctaggagttgatagatacctacataatttttaggcttacttttttttcaaaattactttccaaattgttgaaatgaattttgtgctctacgctcctaaaatatattttctcaaaaaaatattctattgtattgcacacttgttttaagttcatttattaaatgtttaatttataactacaatcaagtagataatctgtacaacaatccacttaataatccttagattgtgtttgagtgatgaaatgagaaaattaagaagatacaacaaacaagatgagtcattagcttatatgaattgagtattaactgttttaaatttgaaactatatgaattgagtattactttattatatttatctataaacatagttaaacatgagacagtttgactgaccaaaaatcaaaacaacttataatctaaaacggagggagtactggttagtggtaggaactagcaacgcagcacatatgtgttcaatctgcattaggtttttggttagagagaagatactagatattaacacgtttttatcagaaagtactccttctgtcctatattattaggttcagaaaaatgtatctacaagttctcataatattaggatatgtcaaattaggtaggtttttattaaacacatgaagtattctgtaggagtttttttttagttttagttacatccgtacaggtaagcgttgaccggttggaaagtggactagtctctgcttaccggcaagagtaggtgtggaacaaagggcgtagtagcctgttatacaacaggtagaaaacaatggtggacagcagcgtgcactagctagctggaagagggttaataggagtacacgacgatgagtccggacaaactggtccagtcacatcagggcggttataacagctagctgcccatagggcaccccggaaactcgcacgcgtggacgacgatcgttcgtgtatcaggtcaaacatttcgacacagaggaatagttcccgtgtgcaaagtttcttacttccatctcccccacaaacttccatctccttcagaaatcccctatccccctcctcctctttctgtctcgatgtccccgagcttcttctttgtcgtcgtctcggcctggtcgctagcgctgatgctcgccgcggcggcgaggggagccgaggaggaaggaggaggaggctgcctgggcagccagaaatgcggcgacctgaatatctcctctccgttctggatcatccagggccaggcggataagccgtgtggtcctctggattaccaggtatattgcaacaactccaccggcgtcgcaactcttcgaagctctacagacagcgggtttgatatcatcaacatatcatatggggaccgtactatgctcgtctttgatgtccataagctagctcgcctgaataactccaccggctgcagtatcccagtgtttaacaccttcgccaagctgcccatcacgtttacaatcagcccttccaatcacaacctcgtcttctacaactgcaccgaggcgccgccggcggagcagcagcaacaactggggctcgtggagacgagatgcggtaacaacacgtttgctcgcctgggagggcgtttccacggggagggcgactacgacaagtactatttggaaggctgcagcagaaacagcaccgtcttcttgccggtgctggaaccgcctgatggcaaggcgaacgccagcaggtatgtggagctcgtgggtggaggcttcctcataacatgggacctgccaccgccagtgacatcttctggtaagttcaccctccctgaaactattaggatcaagttcgtatagaaaatccactgtatatcctgatacttccgatctccaagcgagtactagtagaatacggttctcgctcatcagcgtgtaggacagggaatctgtcgattggctgatagggtcgtcatcttgcccaatcgtggcggctgggcaacagggatgagcaagaattaaactagaattaaagtgatcaaagcagtggaccatgaccgtcctttcgcattccatctcactccggtgccattccttccaatcttcgatcctgttctggtacatgactgagaagaccatgcacatctgttggaattggaaccgatacggcaagacgatgaggccgtagacagccattatccagtcaattttttcggccactacagagaattcccaaagttaaatgtatcgtactagaagaagaagtagcagtattaattctctcatgtcttcctcaatcctcatcaacaacacatcaccaattcatcctcttcgttttcgatgccctctccttccttgttcctcttgttcgcctgcctcgcctgggcgagtcaagcagcgaatacggcggcagacaatcgtccacaagaaggctgcgcggccagtactgtatgtggcaaggtgaccatctcgtcgccgttcgccgtcgtgccggagcaggcaacggagagcaaatgcggctggcttggattccaggttatctgccacaacgacactccatacctcggctactacaagcccagatatcggatccagatcctcgacatcttctacggcaacaattcattgctcgtctctgacatccacaagctcggtgacttcattgtcttctccggcgtcagcaaagaatactcctgccatgttccgaggaccaacacctcctccaaggtcggcctcccgttctccatcagcaccaccaatctcaacctcttcctgtacagttgcaataaggcgcttgtgccgcgggacggagacgacgacctcgtggagacgaggtgcggcaacaagacgtttgctcgcgtaggagggaattacagtgattcgggcgactacccggcgttttacatggaaggctgcaatgctaccgtcgtgccggtgctgggcacggacgcgaggagctatgagcagctcatccgcgacggcttcctcttgacatggcaagagacgccgtcatctggtaagttcgttcgcgaaattatccatttaatcatcactttcgggaggaggaaatgcgtaaaatttatggtgtcaactttatcgaatccgttaatcaatcagtgacttgtttattggttgataaggcagtcgtcatcgctaatccatctccgacctttggatatcgaaatcagagaaatatatgcaaaaactatactcccttcgtttcacgatgtaaatcattttagcgtttcttacgttaatattgatgttaattaatctagacatatatacctatctagatttattaacatcaatataaacgtgaaaaatactatagtgatgaaacggagaaaatagtacggagtacttcgtcaagaagctgtagcagcagagagagtagtagcaatgtagcagtatgttcaatccgtagactttgaccggtcaaaaccgcttcgccaccgtccttttgccccacgcctcatatcccatccctcgatctctcgtccccttcttctctctcatataatccatttcaccactgcattccgtagttgatttgcgtacccaagtccaccagatatgcctccgctcatactgctactgctggtagcttccttcctcgagttgccggcaccggcgagctcgtctagtcctggctgcttgcccacgccatgcggcaagctgaccatctcctacccgttctggctggaggagcccggccggccgccgtgcgggtcgccgcccttccagctcaagtgcaacgccaccggcgcatacctcacgcacaccatctacgaggcgtatcgcgttgttgatatcttcaccggaaaccacaccgtccatgtggtggacgagaatctcccgctcgccaccggctgcccggcgccgccgttcaacatctccgatggcatctggcaggcgccgttcgtcatcagcgaagccaacgcagagctgcgcttcctctcgtgtaacaagtcacttccggcggcggctgctcctcccggcttccatagcctgccttgtgatgaccaaaactcctccgtccggctcgtcagcgaccaccatttacacgaggatgggattccaccgggctgtaacttcacggttgtgccgatcgttcagcgtcacaatgggagtatggccggctatattgccagcatgaggagtgggtttctactagagtgggcggtggtttcaggggattgtcccaaatgtcaagtaagcggcgggaattgcacgtacagcgacgacctggagttcgcctgcaattgccccgacgggatgcaccctgacaagtgtagagagttcagaaaatcggaagagcacggtaaatttgtccagtcaattatcaattagaataaaaattttaacatagttctgtgaacatgcagcctaggccatcctaaccgattcaatgcatccaaagtgtgttcatctagttgatagttttctttatatatatagaaaagaatgacacatcatttcgttatacaggaagatttccatgctactgtggcctaatgtccactagataaactcttattataataatgcgcgtgacatctagttttgctatcgaggaaagaaattaaacacagcattgtcacagcaatgttcataagaatataaaatgcaaagtggatattgatatttttgttttgaattatgagtgtttgcttcaagttcctgctgttttggttgttagtttctcatcaaacaattatttcactgatgggaacattggcatttggcagcttatggaatcctagtcaaacgtgttacgtgtagtttgaagtattcaactacactatctgataaagatatcataccaataccatgttccaatttttcttctgctgattgctgactgacgaagaaatccctcatctgattgacagcaaataccctttcattttctaatccttaattagtgtgttccaaacatgtggaaagcataaattgcatctgtatttctgttgaattaggctgaaaagttgtataagcactgtccttcgtttcaacagggggttaggggagcaatgataccctaacaatgtgattatgaatgatcattctatttgttcatggcatatttgtgcaaggtattaaaagtctgttcttctgcaggttcaagaagcaagagtcacataataggaataggtgagtataattcattcttgtttcttggacttccccaaccattcaaaatgtaattatgaagatatgcttcagatccttggttctcacatattgatagtgctctgtctctgttattgcagcatgtggatcaagcggcggaatattattgattgtatctatattcatttttgcttggcacaaacgcaagaagaggaaacaaacccgagatttgaaagatctcatgcatagttcatcttcaatgcaatcatacagcaaagaccttgagttgggtggttctccccatatattcacttacgaggaacttgaagaggctactgctggatttagtgcctcgagggaacttggtgatggtggttttggaactgtttacaaaggtaggagaatatgtttgcacaactcccttgttgttaatagatttctcatctaatcacttcctcattagcatgcctaattgcatgcgacaggggctccgttgaactttgttccataatagataacttcccctattaacttagcagttacaattcttcctttctgccattcaggaaagctccgggatgggagagtagttgcagtgaagcgcctttacaagaacaactacagacgagtagagcaattcctaaatgaggtagacattttgtcccgcctactgcaccagaaccttgttatcctatatggctgcacgtctcgttctagccgtgaccttctcttggtctatgagtacatcccaaatgggacagttgcagaccatctacatggaccccgtgcaggagaacgaggcctcacatggcctgtaagaatgacaattgcgatagaaacggctgaggcactggcataccttcatgcagttgaaatcatacaccgtgatgtcaagaccaacaacatattgctggacaacaacttccatgtcaaagttgcggactttggactatcgcgcctgttcccgcttgaagtcacccatgtatcaactgttccacagggcacaccagggtatgttgacccagtgtaccaccagtgctacaagctaaccgataagagtgatgtgtatagctttggtgttgtgttgatagagctaatttcctcaaaaccagctgtggacatgtccaggagccacagtgacattaacttggctaacatggctctcaacagaattcagaaccatgaagttgatcagttggttgatccagagatcggctatgagactgacagtgaaacaaagaggatggtagatctggtggccgagctggcctttcagtgcttgcagatggacagagagagcaggccaccaattaaggaggtagtggaggtcctgaattgtatcaagaacggggaatgtccagcggaaaagatgaacaagaatgcgtctccaaaggaagattcgcatctgctgaaggacagcctacagtattcgcctgactcagtaatccatagatttcatagccaatctactaaccactcggtagcatcaaactctagcggatgatgagaaactttgtattgattctgatgaaataaggataactaagttgtcccctcttggttgatggactaattaatactacaagtgtttgactatgagcttggcagaaattcagacaattggtgaatgcggtaggagaaatacagggttcaaacaatctcgtgtaatctagtgttcagtgtgttcatgatttcaggttagcgagtggtatcagggagaacacatcccattgttaccctaactagaggttgcaattttgc</dnaseqindica>|<br />
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001048492.1 RefSeq:Os01g0136400]|<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br />
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]<br />
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]</div>Smallant