RiceWiki - User contributions [en]

Os03g0112700

2014-06-10T03:26:06Z

Sunxiaodui: /* mutation */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
This gene is called Early heading date 4 (Ehd4), and it is about the flowering.Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions. Ehd4 may function by coding a transcriptional regulator. The transcriptional regulator can also bind to the DNA or RNA when it regulates the expression of gene. Some experiments indicate that there is an activation domain located in the middle region near the C-terminal of EHD4, it can also bind to the DNA or RNA. In addition to Ehd2 and Ehd3,Ehd4 can also promote the expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway.The expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway. It can promotes the expression of Hd3a and Rft1 by a different pathways though Ehd1.Rice has a unique, Hd1-independent flowering pathway that is mediated by Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). Ehd1 encodes a B-type response regulator that is highly conserved in cultivated rice, but has no homolog in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that Ehd1 positively regulates the expression of Hd3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1, the closest paralog of Hd3a that works as a LD ‘florigen’. Circumstantial evidence suggests that Ehd1 is a critical convergence point of regulation by multiple signaling pathways.
EHD4 may act as a transcriptional regulator
In higher plants, CCCH-type zinc finger proteins have been shown to regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA molecules in the nucleus. We fused Ehd4 with GFP and transiently expressed the EHD4-GFP fusion protein in rice leaf protoplasts. EHD4-GFP was exclusively co-localized with the OsMADS3-mCherry fusion protein (a nuclear marker) in the nucleus (Figure 1A–1C), indicating that EHD4 functions in the nucleus. We further fused EHD4 and its various deletions with the GAL4 DNA binding domain and investigated if EHD4 has transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Full-length wild type EHD4 and an EHD4 variant with only the CCCH motif removed were able to activate the reporter gene expression (Figure 1D). Further deletion of the C terminal region resulted in a dramatic reduction of the activation activity, whereas deletion of both the N-terminal and CCCH motif only had mild effects (Figure 1D). These observations suggest that the activation domain is located in the middle region close to the C-terminal of EHD4. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay demonstrated that the C-terminal region, but not the N-terminal region, can bind to both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA and ribohomopolymers in vitro, and that removal of the CCCH motif from the C-terminal abolished the binding activity (Figure 1E). These results strongly support the notion that EHD4 likely functions as a transcriptional activator and that the CCCH motif is essential for its nucleic acid binding activity.
[[File:figure4.png]]

Figure1. EHD4 is a nuclear protein with intrinsic transcriptional activation and nucleic acid binding activities.
(A) Sub-cellular localization of EHD4-GFP fusion protein. (B) The nuclear marker MADS3-mCherry fusion protein. (C) Merged image of (A) and (B) under bright field. Scale bar = 10 µm in (A) to (C). (D) Transactivation assays of EHD4 and its deletion derivatives in the yeast GAL4 system. Full length EHD4 and several deletion derivatives of EHD4 (pEhd4-Δ, pEhd4-N and pEhd4-CΔ) were used in assays. The empty vector (BD-MCS) and BD-DST [56] were used as negative and positive control, respectively. Transformants were dropped onto SD/Trp- and SD/His- plates to allow growth of 48 hours before taking pictures. Values in β-galactosidase activity are means of three independent experiments. Bars stand for standard deviations. BD, DNA-binding domain of GAL4. (E) The CCCH motif is essential for binding to nucleic acids. C terminal, N terminal or C terminal without CCCH motif of EHD4 was expressed in E.coli and purified for binding assays. Deletion of the CCCH motif abolished the binding to ribohomopolymers and both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA.

Ehd4 regulates expression of the “florigen” genes through Ehd1. Ehd4 functions upstream of Ehd1, but largely independent of other known regulators of Ehd1. Consistent with this, down regulation of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 in ehd4 was also seen in the Nipponbare background and constantly seen at different stages during plant development.

===Expression===
Ehd4 most actively express in young leaves. The diurnal expression pattern is similar to that of Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions.Ehd encodes a new CCCH-type zinc finger protein,which located in to the nucleus,and it can bind the nucleic acids in the nucleus.Through the qRT-PCR,It showed that it accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs.
Ehd1 expression is promoted by a number of positive regulators. Among them, OsMADS51 encodes a type I MADS-box protein and induces Ehd1 expression under SDs, whereas a rice homolog of Arabidopsis SOC1 (Suppressor of Overexpression of Constant1), OsMADS50, was identified as a promoter of Ehd1 expression under LDs. Recently, it was shown that Ehd1 expression could be independently up-regulated by Early heading date 2/Rice Indeterminate 1/Oryza sativa Indeterminate 1 (referred to as Ehd2 hereafter) and Early heading date 3 (Ehd3) under both SDs and LDs
Expression of Ehd4 is constitutive and diurnal
We examined the expression levels of Ehd4 in various tissues and at different stages of leaf development (Figure 2A) by using qRT-PCR. Ehd4 transcripts were detected in all tissues examined, but the highest expression was found in emerging young leaves and the lowest level in fully expanded leaves (Figure 2B). Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying the GUS reporter gene driven by the Ehd4 promoter indicated that GUS was expressed in all tissues examined and was most abundant in the vascular tissue and apical meristem (Figure 2C–2I). The expression of Ehd4 showed a diurnal expression pattern in leaves. It accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs (Figure 2J). Moreover, Ehd4 was expressed constantly during the vegetative growth from the second week to the 10th week after germination (Figure 2K).

[[File:figure5.png]]

Figure2. Expression pattern of Ehd4.
(A) 30-d old wild-type plants (Kita-ake) grown under SDs were used for quantitative RT-PCR. DL1, newly emerging leaf; DL2, expending leaf; DL3, fully expended leaf; ASA, around the shoot apex. (B) Ehd4 transcript levels in various organs (means±s.d, n = 3). (C) to (I) GUS staining of various organs in pEHD4::GUS transgenic plants. (C) Root; (D) Floret; (E) Stem; (F) to (H) Transverse sections of stem, immature leaf and sheath, respectively; (I) Longitudinal section of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Arrow indicates phloem in (F) and (G) and SAM in (I). (J) and (K) Rhythmic and developmental expression of Ehd4. The rice Ubiquitin-1 (UBQ) gene was used as the internal control. Values are shown as mean±s.d of three independent experiments and two biological replicates. The open and filled bars at the bottom represent the light and dark periods, respectively. s.d: standard deviations.
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003281.g003

===Evolution===
Ehd4 is likely a single gene,it's unique and conserved in rice,after analysis about Ehd4' sequence of many rices.
===mutation===
Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions.
The ehd4 mutant was initially identified from a tissue culture-derived population of rice cv Kita-ake (japonica) under natural-day conditions in a paddy field in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), China (2006).
In an effort to isolate genes that are essential for promoting flowering time in rice, we generated a large T-DNA population in a day-length neutral, early flowering variety Kita-ake (O. sativa ssp. japonica). Kita-ake (Kit) has been widely used in rice transformation experiments because of its short life cycle. Kit flowers about two months after germination under both SDs (10 h light/14 h dark) and LDs (14.5 h light/9.5 h dark) conditions in the controlled growth chamber, as well as under natural long-day field conditions (NLDs) in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), North China (Figure 3A and 3B). To understand the day-length neutral nature of Kita-ake, we cloned ten genes reported to have significant effect on flowering time in rice, including seven genes that promote flowering (Ehd 1 to 3, OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Hd3a and RFT1) and three genes that suppress flowering under LDs (Hd6, Hd1 and Ghd7), and compared them with the corresponding genes in Nipponbare (Nip), a japonica variety that is sensitive to day-length.Compared with WT, ehd4 delayed flowering time by 49 d and 106 d under SDs and LDs, respectively (Figure 3B). Consistent with field observations, flowering time of the heterozygotes was also delayed under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3B). Notably, ehd4 had a similar leaf emergence rate to WT under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3C), indicating that the late flowering phenotype is not caused by retardation in growth rate. The mature ehd4 plants were taller, producing more but smaller seeds. The fertility of ehd4 plants was similar to that of WT (Figure 3D–3H).

[[File:figure6.png]]

Figure3. Characterization of Ehd4.
(A) Never-flowering phenotype of ehd4 mutants in field (Top). WT, Kita-ake wild-type plants (Bottom). (B) Flowering time of ehd4, heterozygote (HETE) and WT plants under different day length conditions in Kita-ake (day-length neutral) and Nipponbare (day-length sensitive) backgrounds (n = 12). ND, natural-day; SD, short-day; LD, long-day. (C) ehd4 plants had the same leaf emergence rate as WT (Kita-ake) under both SDs and LDs (n = 8). Arrow indicates the flowering time of WT plants. (D) Panicle morphology of WT and ehd4 plants. (E) to (H) Comparisons of grain number per panicle (E), 1000-grain weight (F), plant height (G) and fertility (H) between WT and ehd4 plants. Values are means±s.d. (standard deviations) (n = 15). **Significant at 1% level; n.s., not significant.

==Labs working on this gene==
National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Insitute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China Peking University,China

==References==
Gao H, Zheng X M, Fei G, et al. Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice[J]. PLoS genetics, 2013, 9(2): e1003281.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0112700|
Description = Zinc finger, CCCH-type domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001055265.1 GI:115450258 GeneID:4331372|
Length = 2536 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0112700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:696186..698721|
CDS = 696218..697709,697812..697945,698031..698528|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MLSLSERAPICSPQSAPSASASDTCKMEENMNQQKTLEADISNT SVNQSPQSKILPESSPDNQDAEHEYRSPPPISESKELSPQSRTTPGSSPDNQDTEREY PSPPPISGSKEISPQSRTILESSPDNQDNGHEYPSPPPIPESIELSPHSKALPESSPD NQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSRQSKILPESSPGNQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSQQSK ILPESSPDNHDIKCEYSSPTPIPESKELSLQSKILPESSSDNQDIKCEDPSPTPISKS KEVSPQSKILSESYLDNQDVERECPSSILITESKELAVDLPGSISLAPEKTASTDVGE NSSLAFIFPKSTLAGDDALKSVFDMAKAHLECEDSKVKEELYVESTVVIRDDMVVNPA SGVESIDMSENLLESLMEQSCGTFYMDGTTALEGFLSGSTKEEPQCSSPIALSTCSSP IALSPWGEHGYYQGDSVGSSLWGVQDDDPIGNIWPLSSQAPALQYSSGSTAHFIDEAT VTHGNNGVVLSSTPGEEVGLPNSGVCTDWGLVEQVNPETNDASVSMIDKNSGLVDSQP SANDGSDVGTARNTNHNTNLSLNHETAVPLSRSSGEASRKHGFITDLNVATSEEALGN TKNWNPYAGNANRGSQRNHHRDRYSQISESWLLSSNYSRSRSDGFGTGGSSRSTPRGQ TQRGICKFHENGYCRKGASCNYLHP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>33..1524#1627..1760#1846..2343#ttgaagacagaggttcaagctcaccctctggtatgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggttagtctgttgatgtttagcatgcatccattagtcctaaacagtttgtggtgtttagcttacacctactaattttgcattgtaaaattctctctccagcaggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtaatgatattccaacatcatgtcagcctttgacatttgctttgtgtatgacattccatttgacattgggttctcactacaataggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctgatctctgcaatagataacgagggtttgcattctttgcccatatcttttgacttttttgtatagcctaattacagtggtagtcaacatagagcctacacaaccttttcttggtttcattcaaccgtagcaaggacggagtatatgtctagctctagcataggaggatgactgaatgtactgcccaagcagattcc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001055265.1 RefSeq:Os03g0112700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os03g0112700

2014-06-10T03:25:34Z

Sunxiaodui: /* mutation */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
This gene is called Early heading date 4 (Ehd4), and it is about the flowering.Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions. Ehd4 may function by coding a transcriptional regulator. The transcriptional regulator can also bind to the DNA or RNA when it regulates the expression of gene. Some experiments indicate that there is an activation domain located in the middle region near the C-terminal of EHD4, it can also bind to the DNA or RNA. In addition to Ehd2 and Ehd3,Ehd4 can also promote the expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway.The expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway. It can promotes the expression of Hd3a and Rft1 by a different pathways though Ehd1.Rice has a unique, Hd1-independent flowering pathway that is mediated by Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). Ehd1 encodes a B-type response regulator that is highly conserved in cultivated rice, but has no homolog in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that Ehd1 positively regulates the expression of Hd3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1, the closest paralog of Hd3a that works as a LD ‘florigen’. Circumstantial evidence suggests that Ehd1 is a critical convergence point of regulation by multiple signaling pathways.
EHD4 may act as a transcriptional regulator
In higher plants, CCCH-type zinc finger proteins have been shown to regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA molecules in the nucleus. We fused Ehd4 with GFP and transiently expressed the EHD4-GFP fusion protein in rice leaf protoplasts. EHD4-GFP was exclusively co-localized with the OsMADS3-mCherry fusion protein (a nuclear marker) in the nucleus (Figure 1A–1C), indicating that EHD4 functions in the nucleus. We further fused EHD4 and its various deletions with the GAL4 DNA binding domain and investigated if EHD4 has transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Full-length wild type EHD4 and an EHD4 variant with only the CCCH motif removed were able to activate the reporter gene expression (Figure 1D). Further deletion of the C terminal region resulted in a dramatic reduction of the activation activity, whereas deletion of both the N-terminal and CCCH motif only had mild effects (Figure 1D). These observations suggest that the activation domain is located in the middle region close to the C-terminal of EHD4. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay demonstrated that the C-terminal region, but not the N-terminal region, can bind to both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA and ribohomopolymers in vitro, and that removal of the CCCH motif from the C-terminal abolished the binding activity (Figure 1E). These results strongly support the notion that EHD4 likely functions as a transcriptional activator and that the CCCH motif is essential for its nucleic acid binding activity.
[[File:figure4.png]]

Figure1. EHD4 is a nuclear protein with intrinsic transcriptional activation and nucleic acid binding activities.
(A) Sub-cellular localization of EHD4-GFP fusion protein. (B) The nuclear marker MADS3-mCherry fusion protein. (C) Merged image of (A) and (B) under bright field. Scale bar = 10 µm in (A) to (C). (D) Transactivation assays of EHD4 and its deletion derivatives in the yeast GAL4 system. Full length EHD4 and several deletion derivatives of EHD4 (pEhd4-Δ, pEhd4-N and pEhd4-CΔ) were used in assays. The empty vector (BD-MCS) and BD-DST [56] were used as negative and positive control, respectively. Transformants were dropped onto SD/Trp- and SD/His- plates to allow growth of 48 hours before taking pictures. Values in β-galactosidase activity are means of three independent experiments. Bars stand for standard deviations. BD, DNA-binding domain of GAL4. (E) The CCCH motif is essential for binding to nucleic acids. C terminal, N terminal or C terminal without CCCH motif of EHD4 was expressed in E.coli and purified for binding assays. Deletion of the CCCH motif abolished the binding to ribohomopolymers and both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA.

Ehd4 regulates expression of the “florigen” genes through Ehd1. Ehd4 functions upstream of Ehd1, but largely independent of other known regulators of Ehd1. Consistent with this, down regulation of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 in ehd4 was also seen in the Nipponbare background and constantly seen at different stages during plant development.

===Expression===
Ehd4 most actively express in young leaves. The diurnal expression pattern is similar to that of Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions.Ehd encodes a new CCCH-type zinc finger protein,which located in to the nucleus,and it can bind the nucleic acids in the nucleus.Through the qRT-PCR,It showed that it accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs.
Ehd1 expression is promoted by a number of positive regulators. Among them, OsMADS51 encodes a type I MADS-box protein and induces Ehd1 expression under SDs, whereas a rice homolog of Arabidopsis SOC1 (Suppressor of Overexpression of Constant1), OsMADS50, was identified as a promoter of Ehd1 expression under LDs. Recently, it was shown that Ehd1 expression could be independently up-regulated by Early heading date 2/Rice Indeterminate 1/Oryza sativa Indeterminate 1 (referred to as Ehd2 hereafter) and Early heading date 3 (Ehd3) under both SDs and LDs
Expression of Ehd4 is constitutive and diurnal
We examined the expression levels of Ehd4 in various tissues and at different stages of leaf development (Figure 2A) by using qRT-PCR. Ehd4 transcripts were detected in all tissues examined, but the highest expression was found in emerging young leaves and the lowest level in fully expanded leaves (Figure 2B). Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying the GUS reporter gene driven by the Ehd4 promoter indicated that GUS was expressed in all tissues examined and was most abundant in the vascular tissue and apical meristem (Figure 2C–2I). The expression of Ehd4 showed a diurnal expression pattern in leaves. It accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs (Figure 2J). Moreover, Ehd4 was expressed constantly during the vegetative growth from the second week to the 10th week after germination (Figure 2K).

[[File:figure5.png]]

Figure2. Expression pattern of Ehd4.
(A) 30-d old wild-type plants (Kita-ake) grown under SDs were used for quantitative RT-PCR. DL1, newly emerging leaf; DL2, expending leaf; DL3, fully expended leaf; ASA, around the shoot apex. (B) Ehd4 transcript levels in various organs (means±s.d, n = 3). (C) to (I) GUS staining of various organs in pEHD4::GUS transgenic plants. (C) Root; (D) Floret; (E) Stem; (F) to (H) Transverse sections of stem, immature leaf and sheath, respectively; (I) Longitudinal section of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Arrow indicates phloem in (F) and (G) and SAM in (I). (J) and (K) Rhythmic and developmental expression of Ehd4. The rice Ubiquitin-1 (UBQ) gene was used as the internal control. Values are shown as mean±s.d of three independent experiments and two biological replicates. The open and filled bars at the bottom represent the light and dark periods, respectively. s.d: standard deviations.
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003281.g003

===Evolution===
Ehd4 is likely a single gene,it's unique and conserved in rice,after analysis about Ehd4' sequence of many rices.
===mutation===
Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions.
The ehd4 mutant was initially identified from a tissue culture-derived population of rice cv Kita-ake (japonica) under natural-day conditions in a paddy field in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), China (2006).
In an effort to isolate genes that are essential for promoting flowering time in rice, we generated a large T-DNA population in a day-length neutral, early flowering variety Kita-ake (O. sativa ssp. japonica). Kita-ake (Kit) has been widely used in rice transformation experiments because of its short life cycle. Kit flowers about two months after germination under both SDs (10 h light/14 h dark) and LDs (14.5 h light/9.5 h dark) conditions in the controlled growth chamber, as well as under natural long-day field conditions (NLDs) in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), North China (Figure 3A and 3B). To understand the day-length neutral nature of Kita-ake, we cloned ten genes reported to have significant effect on flowering time in rice, including seven genes that promote flowering (Ehd 1 to 3, OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Hd3a and RFT1) and three genes that suppress flowering under LDs (Hd6, Hd1 and Ghd7), and compared them with the corresponding genes in Nipponbare (Nip), a japonica variety that is sensitive to day-length.Compared with WT, ehd4 delayed flowering time by 49 d and 106 d under SDs and LDs, respectively (Figure 3B). Consistent with field observations, flowering time of the heterozygotes was also delayed under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3B). Notably, ehd4 had a similar leaf emergence rate to WT under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3C), indicating that the late flowering phenotype is not caused by retardation in growth rate. The mature ehd4 plants were taller, producing more but smaller seeds. The fertility of ehd4 plants was similar to that of WT (Figure 3D–3H).
[[File:figure6.png]]

==Labs working on this gene==
National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Insitute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China Peking University,China

==References==
Gao H, Zheng X M, Fei G, et al. Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice[J]. PLoS genetics, 2013, 9(2): e1003281.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0112700|
Description = Zinc finger, CCCH-type domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001055265.1 GI:115450258 GeneID:4331372|
Length = 2536 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0112700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:696186..698721|
CDS = 696218..697709,697812..697945,698031..698528|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MLSLSERAPICSPQSAPSASASDTCKMEENMNQQKTLEADISNT SVNQSPQSKILPESSPDNQDAEHEYRSPPPISESKELSPQSRTTPGSSPDNQDTEREY PSPPPISGSKEISPQSRTILESSPDNQDNGHEYPSPPPIPESIELSPHSKALPESSPD NQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSRQSKILPESSPGNQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSQQSK ILPESSPDNHDIKCEYSSPTPIPESKELSLQSKILPESSSDNQDIKCEDPSPTPISKS KEVSPQSKILSESYLDNQDVERECPSSILITESKELAVDLPGSISLAPEKTASTDVGE NSSLAFIFPKSTLAGDDALKSVFDMAKAHLECEDSKVKEELYVESTVVIRDDMVVNPA SGVESIDMSENLLESLMEQSCGTFYMDGTTALEGFLSGSTKEEPQCSSPIALSTCSSP IALSPWGEHGYYQGDSVGSSLWGVQDDDPIGNIWPLSSQAPALQYSSGSTAHFIDEAT VTHGNNGVVLSSTPGEEVGLPNSGVCTDWGLVEQVNPETNDASVSMIDKNSGLVDSQP SANDGSDVGTARNTNHNTNLSLNHETAVPLSRSSGEASRKHGFITDLNVATSEEALGN TKNWNPYAGNANRGSQRNHHRDRYSQISESWLLSSNYSRSRSDGFGTGGSSRSTPRGQ TQRGICKFHENGYCRKGASCNYLHP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>33..1524#1627..1760#1846..2343#ttgaagacagaggttcaagctcaccctctggtatgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggttagtctgttgatgtttagcatgcatccattagtcctaaacagtttgtggtgtttagcttacacctactaattttgcattgtaaaattctctctccagcaggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtaatgatattccaacatcatgtcagcctttgacatttgctttgtgtatgacattccatttgacattgggttctcactacaataggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctgatctctgcaatagataacgagggtttgcattctttgcccatatcttttgacttttttgtatagcctaattacagtggtagtcaacatagagcctacacaaccttttcttggtttcattcaaccgtagcaaggacggagtatatgtctagctctagcataggaggatgactgaatgtactgcccaagcagattcc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001055265.1 RefSeq:Os03g0112700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

File:Figure6.png

2014-06-10T03:25:11Z

Sunxiaodui:

Os03g0112700

2014-06-10T03:23:55Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Expression */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
This gene is called Early heading date 4 (Ehd4), and it is about the flowering.Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions. Ehd4 may function by coding a transcriptional regulator. The transcriptional regulator can also bind to the DNA or RNA when it regulates the expression of gene. Some experiments indicate that there is an activation domain located in the middle region near the C-terminal of EHD4, it can also bind to the DNA or RNA. In addition to Ehd2 and Ehd3,Ehd4 can also promote the expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway.The expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway. It can promotes the expression of Hd3a and Rft1 by a different pathways though Ehd1.Rice has a unique, Hd1-independent flowering pathway that is mediated by Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). Ehd1 encodes a B-type response regulator that is highly conserved in cultivated rice, but has no homolog in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that Ehd1 positively regulates the expression of Hd3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1, the closest paralog of Hd3a that works as a LD ‘florigen’. Circumstantial evidence suggests that Ehd1 is a critical convergence point of regulation by multiple signaling pathways.
EHD4 may act as a transcriptional regulator
In higher plants, CCCH-type zinc finger proteins have been shown to regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA molecules in the nucleus. We fused Ehd4 with GFP and transiently expressed the EHD4-GFP fusion protein in rice leaf protoplasts. EHD4-GFP was exclusively co-localized with the OsMADS3-mCherry fusion protein (a nuclear marker) in the nucleus (Figure 1A–1C), indicating that EHD4 functions in the nucleus. We further fused EHD4 and its various deletions with the GAL4 DNA binding domain and investigated if EHD4 has transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Full-length wild type EHD4 and an EHD4 variant with only the CCCH motif removed were able to activate the reporter gene expression (Figure 1D). Further deletion of the C terminal region resulted in a dramatic reduction of the activation activity, whereas deletion of both the N-terminal and CCCH motif only had mild effects (Figure 1D). These observations suggest that the activation domain is located in the middle region close to the C-terminal of EHD4. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay demonstrated that the C-terminal region, but not the N-terminal region, can bind to both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA and ribohomopolymers in vitro, and that removal of the CCCH motif from the C-terminal abolished the binding activity (Figure 1E). These results strongly support the notion that EHD4 likely functions as a transcriptional activator and that the CCCH motif is essential for its nucleic acid binding activity.
[[File:figure4.png]]

Figure1. EHD4 is a nuclear protein with intrinsic transcriptional activation and nucleic acid binding activities.
(A) Sub-cellular localization of EHD4-GFP fusion protein. (B) The nuclear marker MADS3-mCherry fusion protein. (C) Merged image of (A) and (B) under bright field. Scale bar = 10 µm in (A) to (C). (D) Transactivation assays of EHD4 and its deletion derivatives in the yeast GAL4 system. Full length EHD4 and several deletion derivatives of EHD4 (pEhd4-Δ, pEhd4-N and pEhd4-CΔ) were used in assays. The empty vector (BD-MCS) and BD-DST [56] were used as negative and positive control, respectively. Transformants were dropped onto SD/Trp- and SD/His- plates to allow growth of 48 hours before taking pictures. Values in β-galactosidase activity are means of three independent experiments. Bars stand for standard deviations. BD, DNA-binding domain of GAL4. (E) The CCCH motif is essential for binding to nucleic acids. C terminal, N terminal or C terminal without CCCH motif of EHD4 was expressed in E.coli and purified for binding assays. Deletion of the CCCH motif abolished the binding to ribohomopolymers and both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA.

Ehd4 regulates expression of the “florigen” genes through Ehd1. Ehd4 functions upstream of Ehd1, but largely independent of other known regulators of Ehd1. Consistent with this, down regulation of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 in ehd4 was also seen in the Nipponbare background and constantly seen at different stages during plant development.

===Expression===
Ehd4 most actively express in young leaves. The diurnal expression pattern is similar to that of Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions.Ehd encodes a new CCCH-type zinc finger protein,which located in to the nucleus,and it can bind the nucleic acids in the nucleus.Through the qRT-PCR,It showed that it accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs.
Ehd1 expression is promoted by a number of positive regulators. Among them, OsMADS51 encodes a type I MADS-box protein and induces Ehd1 expression under SDs, whereas a rice homolog of Arabidopsis SOC1 (Suppressor of Overexpression of Constant1), OsMADS50, was identified as a promoter of Ehd1 expression under LDs. Recently, it was shown that Ehd1 expression could be independently up-regulated by Early heading date 2/Rice Indeterminate 1/Oryza sativa Indeterminate 1 (referred to as Ehd2 hereafter) and Early heading date 3 (Ehd3) under both SDs and LDs
Expression of Ehd4 is constitutive and diurnal
We examined the expression levels of Ehd4 in various tissues and at different stages of leaf development (Figure 2A) by using qRT-PCR. Ehd4 transcripts were detected in all tissues examined, but the highest expression was found in emerging young leaves and the lowest level in fully expanded leaves (Figure 2B). Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying the GUS reporter gene driven by the Ehd4 promoter indicated that GUS was expressed in all tissues examined and was most abundant in the vascular tissue and apical meristem (Figure 2C–2I). The expression of Ehd4 showed a diurnal expression pattern in leaves. It accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs (Figure 2J). Moreover, Ehd4 was expressed constantly during the vegetative growth from the second week to the 10th week after germination (Figure 2K).

[[File:figure5.png]]

Figure2. Expression pattern of Ehd4.
(A) 30-d old wild-type plants (Kita-ake) grown under SDs were used for quantitative RT-PCR. DL1, newly emerging leaf; DL2, expending leaf; DL3, fully expended leaf; ASA, around the shoot apex. (B) Ehd4 transcript levels in various organs (means±s.d, n = 3). (C) to (I) GUS staining of various organs in pEHD4::GUS transgenic plants. (C) Root; (D) Floret; (E) Stem; (F) to (H) Transverse sections of stem, immature leaf and sheath, respectively; (I) Longitudinal section of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Arrow indicates phloem in (F) and (G) and SAM in (I). (J) and (K) Rhythmic and developmental expression of Ehd4. The rice Ubiquitin-1 (UBQ) gene was used as the internal control. Values are shown as mean±s.d of three independent experiments and two biological replicates. The open and filled bars at the bottom represent the light and dark periods, respectively. s.d: standard deviations.
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003281.g003

===Evolution===
Ehd4 is likely a single gene,it's unique and conserved in rice,after analysis about Ehd4' sequence of many rices.
===mutation===
Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions.
The ehd4 mutant was initially identified from a tissue culture-derived population of rice cv Kita-ake (japonica) under natural-day conditions in a paddy field in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), China (2006).
In an effort to isolate genes that are essential for promoting flowering time in rice, we generated a large T-DNA population in a day-length neutral, early flowering variety Kita-ake (O. sativa ssp. japonica). Kita-ake (Kit) has been widely used in rice transformation experiments because of its short life cycle. Kit flowers about two months after germination under both SDs (10 h light/14 h dark) and LDs (14.5 h light/9.5 h dark) conditions in the controlled growth chamber, as well as under natural long-day field conditions (NLDs) in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), North China (Figure 3A and 3B). To understand the day-length neutral nature of Kita-ake, we cloned ten genes reported to have significant effect on flowering time in rice, including seven genes that promote flowering (Ehd 1 to 3, OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Hd3a and RFT1) and three genes that suppress flowering under LDs (Hd6, Hd1 and Ghd7), and compared them with the corresponding genes in Nipponbare (Nip), a japonica variety that is sensitive to day-length.Compared with WT, ehd4 delayed flowering time by 49 d and 106 d under SDs and LDs, respectively (Figure 3B). Consistent with field observations, flowering time of the heterozygotes was also delayed under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3B). Notably, ehd4 had a similar leaf emergence rate to WT under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3C), indicating that the late flowering phenotype is not caused by retardation in growth rate. The mature ehd4 plants were taller, producing more but smaller seeds. The fertility of ehd4 plants was similar to that of WT (Figure 3D–3H).
[[File:figure3.png]]

==Labs working on this gene==
National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Insitute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China Peking University,China

==References==
Gao H, Zheng X M, Fei G, et al. Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice[J]. PLoS genetics, 2013, 9(2): e1003281.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0112700|
Description = Zinc finger, CCCH-type domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001055265.1 GI:115450258 GeneID:4331372|
Length = 2536 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0112700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:696186..698721|
CDS = 696218..697709,697812..697945,698031..698528|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MLSLSERAPICSPQSAPSASASDTCKMEENMNQQKTLEADISNT SVNQSPQSKILPESSPDNQDAEHEYRSPPPISESKELSPQSRTTPGSSPDNQDTEREY PSPPPISGSKEISPQSRTILESSPDNQDNGHEYPSPPPIPESIELSPHSKALPESSPD NQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSRQSKILPESSPGNQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSQQSK ILPESSPDNHDIKCEYSSPTPIPESKELSLQSKILPESSSDNQDIKCEDPSPTPISKS KEVSPQSKILSESYLDNQDVERECPSSILITESKELAVDLPGSISLAPEKTASTDVGE NSSLAFIFPKSTLAGDDALKSVFDMAKAHLECEDSKVKEELYVESTVVIRDDMVVNPA SGVESIDMSENLLESLMEQSCGTFYMDGTTALEGFLSGSTKEEPQCSSPIALSTCSSP IALSPWGEHGYYQGDSVGSSLWGVQDDDPIGNIWPLSSQAPALQYSSGSTAHFIDEAT VTHGNNGVVLSSTPGEEVGLPNSGVCTDWGLVEQVNPETNDASVSMIDKNSGLVDSQP SANDGSDVGTARNTNHNTNLSLNHETAVPLSRSSGEASRKHGFITDLNVATSEEALGN TKNWNPYAGNANRGSQRNHHRDRYSQISESWLLSSNYSRSRSDGFGTGGSSRSTPRGQ TQRGICKFHENGYCRKGASCNYLHP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>33..1524#1627..1760#1846..2343#ttgaagacagaggttcaagctcaccctctggtatgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggttagtctgttgatgtttagcatgcatccattagtcctaaacagtttgtggtgtttagcttacacctactaattttgcattgtaaaattctctctccagcaggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtaatgatattccaacatcatgtcagcctttgacatttgctttgtgtatgacattccatttgacattgggttctcactacaataggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctgatctctgcaatagataacgagggtttgcattctttgcccatatcttttgacttttttgtatagcctaattacagtggtagtcaacatagagcctacacaaccttttcttggtttcattcaaccgtagcaaggacggagtatatgtctagctctagcataggaggatgactgaatgtactgcccaagcagattcc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001055265.1 RefSeq:Os03g0112700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os03g0112700

2014-06-10T03:23:06Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Expression */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
This gene is called Early heading date 4 (Ehd4), and it is about the flowering.Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions. Ehd4 may function by coding a transcriptional regulator. The transcriptional regulator can also bind to the DNA or RNA when it regulates the expression of gene. Some experiments indicate that there is an activation domain located in the middle region near the C-terminal of EHD4, it can also bind to the DNA or RNA. In addition to Ehd2 and Ehd3,Ehd4 can also promote the expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway.The expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway. It can promotes the expression of Hd3a and Rft1 by a different pathways though Ehd1.Rice has a unique, Hd1-independent flowering pathway that is mediated by Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). Ehd1 encodes a B-type response regulator that is highly conserved in cultivated rice, but has no homolog in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that Ehd1 positively regulates the expression of Hd3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1, the closest paralog of Hd3a that works as a LD ‘florigen’. Circumstantial evidence suggests that Ehd1 is a critical convergence point of regulation by multiple signaling pathways.
EHD4 may act as a transcriptional regulator
In higher plants, CCCH-type zinc finger proteins have been shown to regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA molecules in the nucleus. We fused Ehd4 with GFP and transiently expressed the EHD4-GFP fusion protein in rice leaf protoplasts. EHD4-GFP was exclusively co-localized with the OsMADS3-mCherry fusion protein (a nuclear marker) in the nucleus (Figure 1A–1C), indicating that EHD4 functions in the nucleus. We further fused EHD4 and its various deletions with the GAL4 DNA binding domain and investigated if EHD4 has transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Full-length wild type EHD4 and an EHD4 variant with only the CCCH motif removed were able to activate the reporter gene expression (Figure 1D). Further deletion of the C terminal region resulted in a dramatic reduction of the activation activity, whereas deletion of both the N-terminal and CCCH motif only had mild effects (Figure 1D). These observations suggest that the activation domain is located in the middle region close to the C-terminal of EHD4. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay demonstrated that the C-terminal region, but not the N-terminal region, can bind to both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA and ribohomopolymers in vitro, and that removal of the CCCH motif from the C-terminal abolished the binding activity (Figure 1E). These results strongly support the notion that EHD4 likely functions as a transcriptional activator and that the CCCH motif is essential for its nucleic acid binding activity.
[[File:figure4.png]]

Figure1. EHD4 is a nuclear protein with intrinsic transcriptional activation and nucleic acid binding activities.
(A) Sub-cellular localization of EHD4-GFP fusion protein. (B) The nuclear marker MADS3-mCherry fusion protein. (C) Merged image of (A) and (B) under bright field. Scale bar = 10 µm in (A) to (C). (D) Transactivation assays of EHD4 and its deletion derivatives in the yeast GAL4 system. Full length EHD4 and several deletion derivatives of EHD4 (pEhd4-Δ, pEhd4-N and pEhd4-CΔ) were used in assays. The empty vector (BD-MCS) and BD-DST [56] were used as negative and positive control, respectively. Transformants were dropped onto SD/Trp- and SD/His- plates to allow growth of 48 hours before taking pictures. Values in β-galactosidase activity are means of three independent experiments. Bars stand for standard deviations. BD, DNA-binding domain of GAL4. (E) The CCCH motif is essential for binding to nucleic acids. C terminal, N terminal or C terminal without CCCH motif of EHD4 was expressed in E.coli and purified for binding assays. Deletion of the CCCH motif abolished the binding to ribohomopolymers and both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA.

Ehd4 regulates expression of the “florigen” genes through Ehd1. Ehd4 functions upstream of Ehd1, but largely independent of other known regulators of Ehd1. Consistent with this, down regulation of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 in ehd4 was also seen in the Nipponbare background and constantly seen at different stages during plant development.

===Expression===
Ehd4 most actively express in young leaves. The diurnal expression pattern is similar to that of Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions.Ehd encodes a new CCCH-type zinc finger protein,which located in to the nucleus,and it can bind the nucleic acids in the nucleus.Through the qRT-PCR,It showed that it accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs.
Ehd1 expression is promoted by a number of positive regulators. Among them, OsMADS51 encodes a type I MADS-box protein and induces Ehd1 expression under SDs, whereas a rice homolog of Arabidopsis SOC1 (Suppressor of Overexpression of Constant1), OsMADS50, was identified as a promoter of Ehd1 expression under LDs. Recently, it was shown that Ehd1 expression could be independently up-regulated by Early heading date 2/Rice Indeterminate 1/Oryza sativa Indeterminate 1 (referred to as Ehd2 hereafter) and Early heading date 3 (Ehd3) under both SDs and LDs
Expression of Ehd4 is constitutive and diurnal
We examined the expression levels of Ehd4 in various tissues and at different stages of leaf development (Figure 2A) by using qRT-PCR. Ehd4 transcripts were detected in all tissues examined, but the highest expression was found in emerging young leaves and the lowest level in fully expanded leaves (Figure 2B). Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying the GUS reporter gene driven by the Ehd4 promoter indicated that GUS was expressed in all tissues examined and was most abundant in the vascular tissue and apical meristem (Figure 2C–2I). The expression of Ehd4 showed a diurnal expression pattern in leaves. It accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs (Figure 2J). Moreover, Ehd4 was expressed constantly during the vegetative growth from the second week to the 10th week after germination (Figure 2K).
[[File:figure5.png]]

===Evolution===
Ehd4 is likely a single gene,it's unique and conserved in rice,after analysis about Ehd4' sequence of many rices.
===mutation===
Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions.
The ehd4 mutant was initially identified from a tissue culture-derived population of rice cv Kita-ake (japonica) under natural-day conditions in a paddy field in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), China (2006).
In an effort to isolate genes that are essential for promoting flowering time in rice, we generated a large T-DNA population in a day-length neutral, early flowering variety Kita-ake (O. sativa ssp. japonica). Kita-ake (Kit) has been widely used in rice transformation experiments because of its short life cycle. Kit flowers about two months after germination under both SDs (10 h light/14 h dark) and LDs (14.5 h light/9.5 h dark) conditions in the controlled growth chamber, as well as under natural long-day field conditions (NLDs) in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), North China (Figure 3A and 3B). To understand the day-length neutral nature of Kita-ake, we cloned ten genes reported to have significant effect on flowering time in rice, including seven genes that promote flowering (Ehd 1 to 3, OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Hd3a and RFT1) and three genes that suppress flowering under LDs (Hd6, Hd1 and Ghd7), and compared them with the corresponding genes in Nipponbare (Nip), a japonica variety that is sensitive to day-length.Compared with WT, ehd4 delayed flowering time by 49 d and 106 d under SDs and LDs, respectively (Figure 3B). Consistent with field observations, flowering time of the heterozygotes was also delayed under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3B). Notably, ehd4 had a similar leaf emergence rate to WT under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3C), indicating that the late flowering phenotype is not caused by retardation in growth rate. The mature ehd4 plants were taller, producing more but smaller seeds. The fertility of ehd4 plants was similar to that of WT (Figure 3D–3H).
[[File:figure3.png]]

==Labs working on this gene==
National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Insitute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China Peking University,China

==References==
Gao H, Zheng X M, Fei G, et al. Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice[J]. PLoS genetics, 2013, 9(2): e1003281.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0112700|
Description = Zinc finger, CCCH-type domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001055265.1 GI:115450258 GeneID:4331372|
Length = 2536 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0112700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:696186..698721|
CDS = 696218..697709,697812..697945,698031..698528|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MLSLSERAPICSPQSAPSASASDTCKMEENMNQQKTLEADISNT SVNQSPQSKILPESSPDNQDAEHEYRSPPPISESKELSPQSRTTPGSSPDNQDTEREY PSPPPISGSKEISPQSRTILESSPDNQDNGHEYPSPPPIPESIELSPHSKALPESSPD NQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSRQSKILPESSPGNQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSQQSK ILPESSPDNHDIKCEYSSPTPIPESKELSLQSKILPESSSDNQDIKCEDPSPTPISKS KEVSPQSKILSESYLDNQDVERECPSSILITESKELAVDLPGSISLAPEKTASTDVGE NSSLAFIFPKSTLAGDDALKSVFDMAKAHLECEDSKVKEELYVESTVVIRDDMVVNPA SGVESIDMSENLLESLMEQSCGTFYMDGTTALEGFLSGSTKEEPQCSSPIALSTCSSP IALSPWGEHGYYQGDSVGSSLWGVQDDDPIGNIWPLSSQAPALQYSSGSTAHFIDEAT VTHGNNGVVLSSTPGEEVGLPNSGVCTDWGLVEQVNPETNDASVSMIDKNSGLVDSQP SANDGSDVGTARNTNHNTNLSLNHETAVPLSRSSGEASRKHGFITDLNVATSEEALGN TKNWNPYAGNANRGSQRNHHRDRYSQISESWLLSSNYSRSRSDGFGTGGSSRSTPRGQ TQRGICKFHENGYCRKGASCNYLHP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>33..1524#1627..1760#1846..2343#ttgaagacagaggttcaagctcaccctctggtatgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggttagtctgttgatgtttagcatgcatccattagtcctaaacagtttgtggtgtttagcttacacctactaattttgcattgtaaaattctctctccagcaggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtaatgatattccaacatcatgtcagcctttgacatttgctttgtgtatgacattccatttgacattgggttctcactacaataggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctgatctctgcaatagataacgagggtttgcattctttgcccatatcttttgacttttttgtatagcctaattacagtggtagtcaacatagagcctacacaaccttttcttggtttcattcaaccgtagcaaggacggagtatatgtctagctctagcataggaggatgactgaatgtactgcccaagcagattcc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001055265.1 RefSeq:Os03g0112700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

File:Figure5.png

2014-06-10T03:22:23Z

Sunxiaodui:

Os03g0112700

2014-06-10T03:20:51Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Function */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
This gene is called Early heading date 4 (Ehd4), and it is about the flowering.Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions. Ehd4 may function by coding a transcriptional regulator. The transcriptional regulator can also bind to the DNA or RNA when it regulates the expression of gene. Some experiments indicate that there is an activation domain located in the middle region near the C-terminal of EHD4, it can also bind to the DNA or RNA. In addition to Ehd2 and Ehd3,Ehd4 can also promote the expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway.The expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway. It can promotes the expression of Hd3a and Rft1 by a different pathways though Ehd1.Rice has a unique, Hd1-independent flowering pathway that is mediated by Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). Ehd1 encodes a B-type response regulator that is highly conserved in cultivated rice, but has no homolog in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that Ehd1 positively regulates the expression of Hd3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1, the closest paralog of Hd3a that works as a LD ‘florigen’. Circumstantial evidence suggests that Ehd1 is a critical convergence point of regulation by multiple signaling pathways.
EHD4 may act as a transcriptional regulator
In higher plants, CCCH-type zinc finger proteins have been shown to regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA molecules in the nucleus. We fused Ehd4 with GFP and transiently expressed the EHD4-GFP fusion protein in rice leaf protoplasts. EHD4-GFP was exclusively co-localized with the OsMADS3-mCherry fusion protein (a nuclear marker) in the nucleus (Figure 1A–1C), indicating that EHD4 functions in the nucleus. We further fused EHD4 and its various deletions with the GAL4 DNA binding domain and investigated if EHD4 has transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Full-length wild type EHD4 and an EHD4 variant with only the CCCH motif removed were able to activate the reporter gene expression (Figure 1D). Further deletion of the C terminal region resulted in a dramatic reduction of the activation activity, whereas deletion of both the N-terminal and CCCH motif only had mild effects (Figure 1D). These observations suggest that the activation domain is located in the middle region close to the C-terminal of EHD4. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay demonstrated that the C-terminal region, but not the N-terminal region, can bind to both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA and ribohomopolymers in vitro, and that removal of the CCCH motif from the C-terminal abolished the binding activity (Figure 1E). These results strongly support the notion that EHD4 likely functions as a transcriptional activator and that the CCCH motif is essential for its nucleic acid binding activity.
[[File:figure4.png]]

Figure1. EHD4 is a nuclear protein with intrinsic transcriptional activation and nucleic acid binding activities.
(A) Sub-cellular localization of EHD4-GFP fusion protein. (B) The nuclear marker MADS3-mCherry fusion protein. (C) Merged image of (A) and (B) under bright field. Scale bar = 10 µm in (A) to (C). (D) Transactivation assays of EHD4 and its deletion derivatives in the yeast GAL4 system. Full length EHD4 and several deletion derivatives of EHD4 (pEhd4-Δ, pEhd4-N and pEhd4-CΔ) were used in assays. The empty vector (BD-MCS) and BD-DST [56] were used as negative and positive control, respectively. Transformants were dropped onto SD/Trp- and SD/His- plates to allow growth of 48 hours before taking pictures. Values in β-galactosidase activity are means of three independent experiments. Bars stand for standard deviations. BD, DNA-binding domain of GAL4. (E) The CCCH motif is essential for binding to nucleic acids. C terminal, N terminal or C terminal without CCCH motif of EHD4 was expressed in E.coli and purified for binding assays. Deletion of the CCCH motif abolished the binding to ribohomopolymers and both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA.

Ehd4 regulates expression of the “florigen” genes through Ehd1. Ehd4 functions upstream of Ehd1, but largely independent of other known regulators of Ehd1. Consistent with this, down regulation of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 in ehd4 was also seen in the Nipponbare background and constantly seen at different stages during plant development.

===Expression===
Ehd4 most actively express in young leaves. The diurnal expression pattern is similar to that of Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions.Ehd encodes a new CCCH-type zinc finger protein,which located in to the nucleus,and it can bind the nucleic acids in the nucleus.Through the qRT-PCR,It showed that it accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs.
Ehd1 expression is promoted by a number of positive regulators. Among them, OsMADS51 encodes a type I MADS-box protein and induces Ehd1 expression under SDs, whereas a rice homolog of Arabidopsis SOC1 (Suppressor of Overexpression of Constant1), OsMADS50, was identified as a promoter of Ehd1 expression under LDs. Recently, it was shown that Ehd1 expression could be independently up-regulated by Early heading date 2/Rice Indeterminate 1/Oryza sativa Indeterminate 1 (referred to as Ehd2 hereafter) and Early heading date 3 (Ehd3) under both SDs and LDs
Expression of Ehd4 is constitutive and diurnal
We examined the expression levels of Ehd4 in various tissues and at different stages of leaf development (Figure 2A) by using qRT-PCR. Ehd4 transcripts were detected in all tissues examined, but the highest expression was found in emerging young leaves and the lowest level in fully expanded leaves (Figure 2B). Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying the GUS reporter gene driven by the Ehd4 promoter indicated that GUS was expressed in all tissues examined and was most abundant in the vascular tissue and apical meristem (Figure 2C–2I). The expression of Ehd4 showed a diurnal expression pattern in leaves. It accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs (Figure 2J). Moreover, Ehd4 was expressed constantly during the vegetative growth from the second week to the 10th week after germination (Figure 2K).
[[File:figure2.png]]

===Evolution===
Ehd4 is likely a single gene,it's unique and conserved in rice,after analysis about Ehd4' sequence of many rices.
===mutation===
Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions.
The ehd4 mutant was initially identified from a tissue culture-derived population of rice cv Kita-ake (japonica) under natural-day conditions in a paddy field in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), China (2006).
In an effort to isolate genes that are essential for promoting flowering time in rice, we generated a large T-DNA population in a day-length neutral, early flowering variety Kita-ake (O. sativa ssp. japonica). Kita-ake (Kit) has been widely used in rice transformation experiments because of its short life cycle. Kit flowers about two months after germination under both SDs (10 h light/14 h dark) and LDs (14.5 h light/9.5 h dark) conditions in the controlled growth chamber, as well as under natural long-day field conditions (NLDs) in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), North China (Figure 3A and 3B). To understand the day-length neutral nature of Kita-ake, we cloned ten genes reported to have significant effect on flowering time in rice, including seven genes that promote flowering (Ehd 1 to 3, OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Hd3a and RFT1) and three genes that suppress flowering under LDs (Hd6, Hd1 and Ghd7), and compared them with the corresponding genes in Nipponbare (Nip), a japonica variety that is sensitive to day-length.Compared with WT, ehd4 delayed flowering time by 49 d and 106 d under SDs and LDs, respectively (Figure 3B). Consistent with field observations, flowering time of the heterozygotes was also delayed under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3B). Notably, ehd4 had a similar leaf emergence rate to WT under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3C), indicating that the late flowering phenotype is not caused by retardation in growth rate. The mature ehd4 plants were taller, producing more but smaller seeds. The fertility of ehd4 plants was similar to that of WT (Figure 3D–3H).
[[File:figure3.png]]

==Labs working on this gene==
National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Insitute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China Peking University,China

==References==
Gao H, Zheng X M, Fei G, et al. Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice[J]. PLoS genetics, 2013, 9(2): e1003281.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0112700|
Description = Zinc finger, CCCH-type domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001055265.1 GI:115450258 GeneID:4331372|
Length = 2536 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0112700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:696186..698721|
CDS = 696218..697709,697812..697945,698031..698528|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MLSLSERAPICSPQSAPSASASDTCKMEENMNQQKTLEADISNT SVNQSPQSKILPESSPDNQDAEHEYRSPPPISESKELSPQSRTTPGSSPDNQDTEREY PSPPPISGSKEISPQSRTILESSPDNQDNGHEYPSPPPIPESIELSPHSKALPESSPD NQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSRQSKILPESSPGNQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSQQSK ILPESSPDNHDIKCEYSSPTPIPESKELSLQSKILPESSSDNQDIKCEDPSPTPISKS KEVSPQSKILSESYLDNQDVERECPSSILITESKELAVDLPGSISLAPEKTASTDVGE NSSLAFIFPKSTLAGDDALKSVFDMAKAHLECEDSKVKEELYVESTVVIRDDMVVNPA SGVESIDMSENLLESLMEQSCGTFYMDGTTALEGFLSGSTKEEPQCSSPIALSTCSSP IALSPWGEHGYYQGDSVGSSLWGVQDDDPIGNIWPLSSQAPALQYSSGSTAHFIDEAT VTHGNNGVVLSSTPGEEVGLPNSGVCTDWGLVEQVNPETNDASVSMIDKNSGLVDSQP SANDGSDVGTARNTNHNTNLSLNHETAVPLSRSSGEASRKHGFITDLNVATSEEALGN TKNWNPYAGNANRGSQRNHHRDRYSQISESWLLSSNYSRSRSDGFGTGGSSRSTPRGQ TQRGICKFHENGYCRKGASCNYLHP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>33..1524#1627..1760#1846..2343#ttgaagacagaggttcaagctcaccctctggtatgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggttagtctgttgatgtttagcatgcatccattagtcctaaacagtttgtggtgtttagcttacacctactaattttgcattgtaaaattctctctccagcaggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtaatgatattccaacatcatgtcagcctttgacatttgctttgtgtatgacattccatttgacattgggttctcactacaataggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctgatctctgcaatagataacgagggtttgcattctttgcccatatcttttgacttttttgtatagcctaattacagtggtagtcaacatagagcctacacaaccttttcttggtttcattcaaccgtagcaaggacggagtatatgtctagctctagcataggaggatgactgaatgtactgcccaagcagattcc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001055265.1 RefSeq:Os03g0112700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os03g0112700

2014-06-10T03:20:20Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Function */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
This gene is called Early heading date 4 (Ehd4), and it is about the flowering.Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions. Ehd4 may function by coding a transcriptional regulator. The transcriptional regulator can also bind to the DNA or RNA when it regulates the expression of gene. Some experiments indicate that there is an activation domain located in the middle region near the C-terminal of EHD4, it can also bind to the DNA or RNA. In addition to Ehd2 and Ehd3,Ehd4 can also promote the expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway.The expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway. It can promotes the expression of Hd3a and Rft1 by a different pathways though Ehd1.Rice has a unique, Hd1-independent flowering pathway that is mediated by Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). Ehd1 encodes a B-type response regulator that is highly conserved in cultivated rice, but has no homolog in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that Ehd1 positively regulates the expression of Hd3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1, the closest paralog of Hd3a that works as a LD ‘florigen’. Circumstantial evidence suggests that Ehd1 is a critical convergence point of regulation by multiple signaling pathways.
EHD4 may act as a transcriptional regulator
In higher plants, CCCH-type zinc finger proteins have been shown to regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA molecules in the nucleus. We fused Ehd4 with GFP and transiently expressed the EHD4-GFP fusion protein in rice leaf protoplasts. EHD4-GFP was exclusively co-localized with the OsMADS3-mCherry fusion protein (a nuclear marker) in the nucleus (Figure 1A–1C), indicating that EHD4 functions in the nucleus. We further fused EHD4 and its various deletions with the GAL4 DNA binding domain and investigated if EHD4 has transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Full-length wild type EHD4 and an EHD4 variant with only the CCCH motif removed were able to activate the reporter gene expression (Figure 1D). Further deletion of the C terminal region resulted in a dramatic reduction of the activation activity, whereas deletion of both the N-terminal and CCCH motif only had mild effects (Figure 1D). These observations suggest that the activation domain is located in the middle region close to the C-terminal of EHD4. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay demonstrated that the C-terminal region, but not the N-terminal region, can bind to both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA and ribohomopolymers in vitro, and that removal of the CCCH motif from the C-terminal abolished the binding activity (Figure 1E). These results strongly support the notion that EHD4 likely functions as a transcriptional activator and that the CCCH motif is essential for its nucleic acid binding activity.
[[File:figure4.png]]
Figure1. EHD4 is a nuclear protein with intrinsic transcriptional activation and nucleic acid binding activities.
(A) Sub-cellular localization of EHD4-GFP fusion protein. (B) The nuclear marker MADS3-mCherry fusion protein. (C) Merged image of (A) and (B) under bright field. Scale bar = 10 µm in (A) to (C). (D) Transactivation assays of EHD4 and its deletion derivatives in the yeast GAL4 system. Full length EHD4 and several deletion derivatives of EHD4 (pEhd4-Δ, pEhd4-N and pEhd4-CΔ) were used in assays. The empty vector (BD-MCS) and BD-DST [56] were used as negative and positive control, respectively. Transformants were dropped onto SD/Trp- and SD/His- plates to allow growth of 48 hours before taking pictures. Values in β-galactosidase activity are means of three independent experiments. Bars stand for standard deviations. BD, DNA-binding domain of GAL4. (E) The CCCH motif is essential for binding to nucleic acids. C terminal, N terminal or C terminal without CCCH motif of EHD4 was expressed in E.coli and purified for binding assays. Deletion of the CCCH motif abolished the binding to ribohomopolymers and both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA.

Ehd4 regulates expression of the “florigen” genes through Ehd1. Ehd4 functions upstream of Ehd1, but largely independent of other known regulators of Ehd1. Consistent with this, down regulation of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 in ehd4 was also seen in the Nipponbare background and constantly seen at different stages during plant development.

===Expression===
Ehd4 most actively express in young leaves. The diurnal expression pattern is similar to that of Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions.Ehd encodes a new CCCH-type zinc finger protein,which located in to the nucleus,and it can bind the nucleic acids in the nucleus.Through the qRT-PCR,It showed that it accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs.
Ehd1 expression is promoted by a number of positive regulators. Among them, OsMADS51 encodes a type I MADS-box protein and induces Ehd1 expression under SDs, whereas a rice homolog of Arabidopsis SOC1 (Suppressor of Overexpression of Constant1), OsMADS50, was identified as a promoter of Ehd1 expression under LDs. Recently, it was shown that Ehd1 expression could be independently up-regulated by Early heading date 2/Rice Indeterminate 1/Oryza sativa Indeterminate 1 (referred to as Ehd2 hereafter) and Early heading date 3 (Ehd3) under both SDs and LDs
Expression of Ehd4 is constitutive and diurnal
We examined the expression levels of Ehd4 in various tissues and at different stages of leaf development (Figure 2A) by using qRT-PCR. Ehd4 transcripts were detected in all tissues examined, but the highest expression was found in emerging young leaves and the lowest level in fully expanded leaves (Figure 2B). Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying the GUS reporter gene driven by the Ehd4 promoter indicated that GUS was expressed in all tissues examined and was most abundant in the vascular tissue and apical meristem (Figure 2C–2I). The expression of Ehd4 showed a diurnal expression pattern in leaves. It accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs (Figure 2J). Moreover, Ehd4 was expressed constantly during the vegetative growth from the second week to the 10th week after germination (Figure 2K).
[[File:figure2.png]]

===Evolution===
Ehd4 is likely a single gene,it's unique and conserved in rice,after analysis about Ehd4' sequence of many rices.
===mutation===
Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions.
The ehd4 mutant was initially identified from a tissue culture-derived population of rice cv Kita-ake (japonica) under natural-day conditions in a paddy field in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), China (2006).
In an effort to isolate genes that are essential for promoting flowering time in rice, we generated a large T-DNA population in a day-length neutral, early flowering variety Kita-ake (O. sativa ssp. japonica). Kita-ake (Kit) has been widely used in rice transformation experiments because of its short life cycle. Kit flowers about two months after germination under both SDs (10 h light/14 h dark) and LDs (14.5 h light/9.5 h dark) conditions in the controlled growth chamber, as well as under natural long-day field conditions (NLDs) in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), North China (Figure 3A and 3B). To understand the day-length neutral nature of Kita-ake, we cloned ten genes reported to have significant effect on flowering time in rice, including seven genes that promote flowering (Ehd 1 to 3, OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Hd3a and RFT1) and three genes that suppress flowering under LDs (Hd6, Hd1 and Ghd7), and compared them with the corresponding genes in Nipponbare (Nip), a japonica variety that is sensitive to day-length.Compared with WT, ehd4 delayed flowering time by 49 d and 106 d under SDs and LDs, respectively (Figure 3B). Consistent with field observations, flowering time of the heterozygotes was also delayed under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3B). Notably, ehd4 had a similar leaf emergence rate to WT under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3C), indicating that the late flowering phenotype is not caused by retardation in growth rate. The mature ehd4 plants were taller, producing more but smaller seeds. The fertility of ehd4 plants was similar to that of WT (Figure 3D–3H).
[[File:figure3.png]]

==Labs working on this gene==
National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Insitute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China Peking University,China

==References==
Gao H, Zheng X M, Fei G, et al. Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice[J]. PLoS genetics, 2013, 9(2): e1003281.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0112700|
Description = Zinc finger, CCCH-type domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001055265.1 GI:115450258 GeneID:4331372|
Length = 2536 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0112700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:696186..698721|
CDS = 696218..697709,697812..697945,698031..698528|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MLSLSERAPICSPQSAPSASASDTCKMEENMNQQKTLEADISNT SVNQSPQSKILPESSPDNQDAEHEYRSPPPISESKELSPQSRTTPGSSPDNQDTEREY PSPPPISGSKEISPQSRTILESSPDNQDNGHEYPSPPPIPESIELSPHSKALPESSPD NQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSRQSKILPESSPGNQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSQQSK ILPESSPDNHDIKCEYSSPTPIPESKELSLQSKILPESSSDNQDIKCEDPSPTPISKS KEVSPQSKILSESYLDNQDVERECPSSILITESKELAVDLPGSISLAPEKTASTDVGE NSSLAFIFPKSTLAGDDALKSVFDMAKAHLECEDSKVKEELYVESTVVIRDDMVVNPA SGVESIDMSENLLESLMEQSCGTFYMDGTTALEGFLSGSTKEEPQCSSPIALSTCSSP IALSPWGEHGYYQGDSVGSSLWGVQDDDPIGNIWPLSSQAPALQYSSGSTAHFIDEAT VTHGNNGVVLSSTPGEEVGLPNSGVCTDWGLVEQVNPETNDASVSMIDKNSGLVDSQP SANDGSDVGTARNTNHNTNLSLNHETAVPLSRSSGEASRKHGFITDLNVATSEEALGN TKNWNPYAGNANRGSQRNHHRDRYSQISESWLLSSNYSRSRSDGFGTGGSSRSTPRGQ TQRGICKFHENGYCRKGASCNYLHP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>33..1524#1627..1760#1846..2343#ttgaagacagaggttcaagctcaccctctggtatgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggttagtctgttgatgtttagcatgcatccattagtcctaaacagtttgtggtgtttagcttacacctactaattttgcattgtaaaattctctctccagcaggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtaatgatattccaacatcatgtcagcctttgacatttgctttgtgtatgacattccatttgacattgggttctcactacaataggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctgatctctgcaatagataacgagggtttgcattctttgcccatatcttttgacttttttgtatagcctaattacagtggtagtcaacatagagcctacacaaccttttcttggtttcattcaaccgtagcaaggacggagtatatgtctagctctagcataggaggatgactgaatgtactgcccaagcagattcc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001055265.1 RefSeq:Os03g0112700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

File:Figure4.png

2014-06-10T03:18:42Z

Sunxiaodui:

Os03g0112700

2014-06-10T03:17:21Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Function */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
This gene is called Early heading date 4 (Ehd4), and it is about the flowering.Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions. Ehd4 may function by coding a transcriptional regulator. The transcriptional regulator can also bind to the DNA or RNA when it regulates the expression of gene. Some experiments indicate that there is an activation domain located in the middle region near the C-terminal of EHD4, it can also bind to the DNA or RNA. In addition to Ehd2 and Ehd3,Ehd4 can also promote the expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway.The expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway. It can promotes the expression of Hd3a and Rft1 by a different pathways though Ehd1.Rice has a unique, Hd1-independent flowering pathway that is mediated by Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). Ehd1 encodes a B-type response regulator that is highly conserved in cultivated rice, but has no homolog in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that Ehd1 positively regulates the expression of Hd3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1, the closest paralog of Hd3a that works as a LD ‘florigen’. Circumstantial evidence suggests that Ehd1 is a critical convergence point of regulation by multiple signaling pathways.
EHD4 may act as a transcriptional regulator
In higher plants, CCCH-type zinc finger proteins have been shown to regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA molecules in the nucleus. We fused Ehd4 with GFP and transiently expressed the EHD4-GFP fusion protein in rice leaf protoplasts. EHD4-GFP was exclusively co-localized with the OsMADS3-mCherry fusion protein (a nuclear marker) in the nucleus (Figure 1A–1C), indicating that EHD4 functions in the nucleus. We further fused EHD4 and its various deletions with the GAL4 DNA binding domain and investigated if EHD4 has transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Full-length wild type EHD4 and an EHD4 variant with only the CCCH motif removed were able to activate the reporter gene expression (Figure 1D). Further deletion of the C terminal region resulted in a dramatic reduction of the activation activity, whereas deletion of both the N-terminal and CCCH motif only had mild effects (Figure 1D). These observations suggest that the activation domain is located in the middle region close to the C-terminal of EHD4. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay demonstrated that the C-terminal region, but not the N-terminal region, can bind to both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA and ribohomopolymers in vitro, and that removal of the CCCH motif from the C-terminal abolished the binding activity (Figure 1E). These results strongly support the notion that EHD4 likely functions as a transcriptional activator and that the CCCH motif is essential for its nucleic acid binding activity.
[[File:figure4.png]]
Ehd4 regulates expression of the “florigen” genes through Ehd1. Ehd4 functions upstream of Ehd1, but largely independent of other known regulators of Ehd1. Consistent with this, down regulation of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 in ehd4 was also seen in the Nipponbare background and constantly seen at different stages during plant development.

===Expression===
Ehd4 most actively express in young leaves. The diurnal expression pattern is similar to that of Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions.Ehd encodes a new CCCH-type zinc finger protein,which located in to the nucleus,and it can bind the nucleic acids in the nucleus.Through the qRT-PCR,It showed that it accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs.
Ehd1 expression is promoted by a number of positive regulators. Among them, OsMADS51 encodes a type I MADS-box protein and induces Ehd1 expression under SDs, whereas a rice homolog of Arabidopsis SOC1 (Suppressor of Overexpression of Constant1), OsMADS50, was identified as a promoter of Ehd1 expression under LDs. Recently, it was shown that Ehd1 expression could be independently up-regulated by Early heading date 2/Rice Indeterminate 1/Oryza sativa Indeterminate 1 (referred to as Ehd2 hereafter) and Early heading date 3 (Ehd3) under both SDs and LDs
Expression of Ehd4 is constitutive and diurnal
We examined the expression levels of Ehd4 in various tissues and at different stages of leaf development (Figure 2A) by using qRT-PCR. Ehd4 transcripts were detected in all tissues examined, but the highest expression was found in emerging young leaves and the lowest level in fully expanded leaves (Figure 2B). Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying the GUS reporter gene driven by the Ehd4 promoter indicated that GUS was expressed in all tissues examined and was most abundant in the vascular tissue and apical meristem (Figure 2C–2I). The expression of Ehd4 showed a diurnal expression pattern in leaves. It accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs (Figure 2J). Moreover, Ehd4 was expressed constantly during the vegetative growth from the second week to the 10th week after germination (Figure 2K).
[[File:figure2.png]]

===Evolution===
Ehd4 is likely a single gene,it's unique and conserved in rice,after analysis about Ehd4' sequence of many rices.
===mutation===
Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions.
The ehd4 mutant was initially identified from a tissue culture-derived population of rice cv Kita-ake (japonica) under natural-day conditions in a paddy field in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), China (2006).
In an effort to isolate genes that are essential for promoting flowering time in rice, we generated a large T-DNA population in a day-length neutral, early flowering variety Kita-ake (O. sativa ssp. japonica). Kita-ake (Kit) has been widely used in rice transformation experiments because of its short life cycle. Kit flowers about two months after germination under both SDs (10 h light/14 h dark) and LDs (14.5 h light/9.5 h dark) conditions in the controlled growth chamber, as well as under natural long-day field conditions (NLDs) in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), North China (Figure 3A and 3B). To understand the day-length neutral nature of Kita-ake, we cloned ten genes reported to have significant effect on flowering time in rice, including seven genes that promote flowering (Ehd 1 to 3, OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Hd3a and RFT1) and three genes that suppress flowering under LDs (Hd6, Hd1 and Ghd7), and compared them with the corresponding genes in Nipponbare (Nip), a japonica variety that is sensitive to day-length.Compared with WT, ehd4 delayed flowering time by 49 d and 106 d under SDs and LDs, respectively (Figure 3B). Consistent with field observations, flowering time of the heterozygotes was also delayed under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3B). Notably, ehd4 had a similar leaf emergence rate to WT under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3C), indicating that the late flowering phenotype is not caused by retardation in growth rate. The mature ehd4 plants were taller, producing more but smaller seeds. The fertility of ehd4 plants was similar to that of WT (Figure 3D–3H).
[[File:figure3.png]]

==Labs working on this gene==
National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Insitute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China Peking University,China

==References==
Gao H, Zheng X M, Fei G, et al. Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice[J]. PLoS genetics, 2013, 9(2): e1003281.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0112700|
Description = Zinc finger, CCCH-type domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001055265.1 GI:115450258 GeneID:4331372|
Length = 2536 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0112700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:696186..698721|
CDS = 696218..697709,697812..697945,698031..698528|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MLSLSERAPICSPQSAPSASASDTCKMEENMNQQKTLEADISNT SVNQSPQSKILPESSPDNQDAEHEYRSPPPISESKELSPQSRTTPGSSPDNQDTEREY PSPPPISGSKEISPQSRTILESSPDNQDNGHEYPSPPPIPESIELSPHSKALPESSPD NQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSRQSKILPESSPGNQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSQQSK ILPESSPDNHDIKCEYSSPTPIPESKELSLQSKILPESSSDNQDIKCEDPSPTPISKS KEVSPQSKILSESYLDNQDVERECPSSILITESKELAVDLPGSISLAPEKTASTDVGE NSSLAFIFPKSTLAGDDALKSVFDMAKAHLECEDSKVKEELYVESTVVIRDDMVVNPA SGVESIDMSENLLESLMEQSCGTFYMDGTTALEGFLSGSTKEEPQCSSPIALSTCSSP IALSPWGEHGYYQGDSVGSSLWGVQDDDPIGNIWPLSSQAPALQYSSGSTAHFIDEAT VTHGNNGVVLSSTPGEEVGLPNSGVCTDWGLVEQVNPETNDASVSMIDKNSGLVDSQP SANDGSDVGTARNTNHNTNLSLNHETAVPLSRSSGEASRKHGFITDLNVATSEEALGN TKNWNPYAGNANRGSQRNHHRDRYSQISESWLLSSNYSRSRSDGFGTGGSSRSTPRGQ TQRGICKFHENGYCRKGASCNYLHP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>33..1524#1627..1760#1846..2343#ttgaagacagaggttcaagctcaccctctggtatgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggttagtctgttgatgtttagcatgcatccattagtcctaaacagtttgtggtgtttagcttacacctactaattttgcattgtaaaattctctctccagcaggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtaatgatattccaacatcatgtcagcctttgacatttgctttgtgtatgacattccatttgacattgggttctcactacaataggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctgatctctgcaatagataacgagggtttgcattctttgcccatatcttttgacttttttgtatagcctaattacagtggtagtcaacatagagcctacacaaccttttcttggtttcattcaaccgtagcaaggacggagtatatgtctagctctagcataggaggatgactgaatgtactgcccaagcagattcc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001055265.1 RefSeq:Os03g0112700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

File:Gure4.png

2014-06-10T03:16:54Z

Sunxiaodui:

Os03g0112700

2014-06-10T03:14:35Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Expression */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
This gene is called Early heading date 4 (Ehd4), and it is about the flowering.Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions. Ehd4 may function by coding a transcriptional regulator. The transcriptional regulator can also bind to the DNA or RNA when it regulates the expression of gene. Some experiments indicate that there is an activation domain located in the middle region near the C-terminal of EHD4, it can also bind to the DNA or RNA. In addition to Ehd2 and Ehd3,Ehd4 can also promote the expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway.The expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway. It can promotes the expression of Hd3a and Rft1 by a different pathways though Ehd1.Rice has a unique, Hd1-independent flowering pathway that is mediated by Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). Ehd1 encodes a B-type response regulator that is highly conserved in cultivated rice, but has no homolog in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that Ehd1 positively regulates the expression of Hd3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1, the closest paralog of Hd3a that works as a LD ‘florigen’. Circumstantial evidence suggests that Ehd1 is a critical convergence point of regulation by multiple signaling pathways.
EHD4 may act as a transcriptional regulator
In higher plants, CCCH-type zinc finger proteins have been shown to regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA molecules in the nucleus. We fused Ehd4 with GFP and transiently expressed the EHD4-GFP fusion protein in rice leaf protoplasts. EHD4-GFP was exclusively co-localized with the OsMADS3-mCherry fusion protein (a nuclear marker) in the nucleus (Figure 1A–1C), indicating that EHD4 functions in the nucleus. We further fused EHD4 and its various deletions with the GAL4 DNA binding domain and investigated if EHD4 has transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Full-length wild type EHD4 and an EHD4 variant with only the CCCH motif removed were able to activate the reporter gene expression (Figure 1D). Further deletion of the C terminal region resulted in a dramatic reduction of the activation activity, whereas deletion of both the N-terminal and CCCH motif only had mild effects (Figure 1D). These observations suggest that the activation domain is located in the middle region close to the C-terminal of EHD4. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay demonstrated that the C-terminal region, but not the N-terminal region, can bind to both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA and ribohomopolymers in vitro, and that removal of the CCCH motif from the C-terminal abolished the binding activity (Figure 1E). These results strongly support the notion that EHD4 likely functions as a transcriptional activator and that the CCCH motif is essential for its nucleic acid binding activity.
[[File:figure1.jpg]]
Ehd4 regulates expression of the “florigen” genes through Ehd1. Ehd4 functions upstream of Ehd1, but largely independent of other known regulators of Ehd1. Consistent with this, down regulation of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 in ehd4 was also seen in the Nipponbare background and constantly seen at different stages during plant development.
===Expression===
Ehd4 most actively express in young leaves. The diurnal expression pattern is similar to that of Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions.Ehd encodes a new CCCH-type zinc finger protein,which located in to the nucleus,and it can bind the nucleic acids in the nucleus.Through the qRT-PCR,It showed that it accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs.
Ehd1 expression is promoted by a number of positive regulators. Among them, OsMADS51 encodes a type I MADS-box protein and induces Ehd1 expression under SDs, whereas a rice homolog of Arabidopsis SOC1 (Suppressor of Overexpression of Constant1), OsMADS50, was identified as a promoter of Ehd1 expression under LDs. Recently, it was shown that Ehd1 expression could be independently up-regulated by Early heading date 2/Rice Indeterminate 1/Oryza sativa Indeterminate 1 (referred to as Ehd2 hereafter) and Early heading date 3 (Ehd3) under both SDs and LDs
Expression of Ehd4 is constitutive and diurnal
We examined the expression levels of Ehd4 in various tissues and at different stages of leaf development (Figure 2A) by using qRT-PCR. Ehd4 transcripts were detected in all tissues examined, but the highest expression was found in emerging young leaves and the lowest level in fully expanded leaves (Figure 2B). Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying the GUS reporter gene driven by the Ehd4 promoter indicated that GUS was expressed in all tissues examined and was most abundant in the vascular tissue and apical meristem (Figure 2C–2I). The expression of Ehd4 showed a diurnal expression pattern in leaves. It accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs (Figure 2J). Moreover, Ehd4 was expressed constantly during the vegetative growth from the second week to the 10th week after germination (Figure 2K).
[[File:figure2.png]]

===Evolution===
Ehd4 is likely a single gene,it's unique and conserved in rice,after analysis about Ehd4' sequence of many rices.
===mutation===
Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions.
The ehd4 mutant was initially identified from a tissue culture-derived population of rice cv Kita-ake (japonica) under natural-day conditions in a paddy field in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), China (2006).
In an effort to isolate genes that are essential for promoting flowering time in rice, we generated a large T-DNA population in a day-length neutral, early flowering variety Kita-ake (O. sativa ssp. japonica). Kita-ake (Kit) has been widely used in rice transformation experiments because of its short life cycle. Kit flowers about two months after germination under both SDs (10 h light/14 h dark) and LDs (14.5 h light/9.5 h dark) conditions in the controlled growth chamber, as well as under natural long-day field conditions (NLDs) in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), North China (Figure 3A and 3B). To understand the day-length neutral nature of Kita-ake, we cloned ten genes reported to have significant effect on flowering time in rice, including seven genes that promote flowering (Ehd 1 to 3, OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Hd3a and RFT1) and three genes that suppress flowering under LDs (Hd6, Hd1 and Ghd7), and compared them with the corresponding genes in Nipponbare (Nip), a japonica variety that is sensitive to day-length.Compared with WT, ehd4 delayed flowering time by 49 d and 106 d under SDs and LDs, respectively (Figure 3B). Consistent with field observations, flowering time of the heterozygotes was also delayed under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3B). Notably, ehd4 had a similar leaf emergence rate to WT under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3C), indicating that the late flowering phenotype is not caused by retardation in growth rate. The mature ehd4 plants were taller, producing more but smaller seeds. The fertility of ehd4 plants was similar to that of WT (Figure 3D–3H).
[[File:figure3.png]]

==Labs working on this gene==
National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Insitute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China Peking University,China

==References==
Gao H, Zheng X M, Fei G, et al. Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice[J]. PLoS genetics, 2013, 9(2): e1003281.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0112700|
Description = Zinc finger, CCCH-type domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001055265.1 GI:115450258 GeneID:4331372|
Length = 2536 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0112700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:696186..698721|
CDS = 696218..697709,697812..697945,698031..698528|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MLSLSERAPICSPQSAPSASASDTCKMEENMNQQKTLEADISNT SVNQSPQSKILPESSPDNQDAEHEYRSPPPISESKELSPQSRTTPGSSPDNQDTEREY PSPPPISGSKEISPQSRTILESSPDNQDNGHEYPSPPPIPESIELSPHSKALPESSPD NQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSRQSKILPESSPGNQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSQQSK ILPESSPDNHDIKCEYSSPTPIPESKELSLQSKILPESSSDNQDIKCEDPSPTPISKS KEVSPQSKILSESYLDNQDVERECPSSILITESKELAVDLPGSISLAPEKTASTDVGE NSSLAFIFPKSTLAGDDALKSVFDMAKAHLECEDSKVKEELYVESTVVIRDDMVVNPA SGVESIDMSENLLESLMEQSCGTFYMDGTTALEGFLSGSTKEEPQCSSPIALSTCSSP IALSPWGEHGYYQGDSVGSSLWGVQDDDPIGNIWPLSSQAPALQYSSGSTAHFIDEAT VTHGNNGVVLSSTPGEEVGLPNSGVCTDWGLVEQVNPETNDASVSMIDKNSGLVDSQP SANDGSDVGTARNTNHNTNLSLNHETAVPLSRSSGEASRKHGFITDLNVATSEEALGN TKNWNPYAGNANRGSQRNHHRDRYSQISESWLLSSNYSRSRSDGFGTGGSSRSTPRGQ TQRGICKFHENGYCRKGASCNYLHP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>33..1524#1627..1760#1846..2343#ttgaagacagaggttcaagctcaccctctggtatgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggttagtctgttgatgtttagcatgcatccattagtcctaaacagtttgtggtgtttagcttacacctactaattttgcattgtaaaattctctctccagcaggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtaatgatattccaacatcatgtcagcctttgacatttgctttgtgtatgacattccatttgacattgggttctcactacaataggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctgatctctgcaatagataacgagggtttgcattctttgcccatatcttttgacttttttgtatagcctaattacagtggtagtcaacatagagcctacacaaccttttcttggtttcattcaaccgtagcaaggacggagtatatgtctagctctagcataggaggatgactgaatgtactgcccaagcagattcc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001055265.1 RefSeq:Os03g0112700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os03g0112700

2014-06-10T03:13:15Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Expression */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
This gene is called Early heading date 4 (Ehd4), and it is about the flowering.Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions. Ehd4 may function by coding a transcriptional regulator. The transcriptional regulator can also bind to the DNA or RNA when it regulates the expression of gene. Some experiments indicate that there is an activation domain located in the middle region near the C-terminal of EHD4, it can also bind to the DNA or RNA. In addition to Ehd2 and Ehd3,Ehd4 can also promote the expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway.The expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway. It can promotes the expression of Hd3a and Rft1 by a different pathways though Ehd1.Rice has a unique, Hd1-independent flowering pathway that is mediated by Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). Ehd1 encodes a B-type response regulator that is highly conserved in cultivated rice, but has no homolog in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that Ehd1 positively regulates the expression of Hd3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1, the closest paralog of Hd3a that works as a LD ‘florigen’. Circumstantial evidence suggests that Ehd1 is a critical convergence point of regulation by multiple signaling pathways.
EHD4 may act as a transcriptional regulator
In higher plants, CCCH-type zinc finger proteins have been shown to regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA molecules in the nucleus. We fused Ehd4 with GFP and transiently expressed the EHD4-GFP fusion protein in rice leaf protoplasts. EHD4-GFP was exclusively co-localized with the OsMADS3-mCherry fusion protein (a nuclear marker) in the nucleus (Figure 1A–1C), indicating that EHD4 functions in the nucleus. We further fused EHD4 and its various deletions with the GAL4 DNA binding domain and investigated if EHD4 has transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Full-length wild type EHD4 and an EHD4 variant with only the CCCH motif removed were able to activate the reporter gene expression (Figure 1D). Further deletion of the C terminal region resulted in a dramatic reduction of the activation activity, whereas deletion of both the N-terminal and CCCH motif only had mild effects (Figure 1D). These observations suggest that the activation domain is located in the middle region close to the C-terminal of EHD4. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay demonstrated that the C-terminal region, but not the N-terminal region, can bind to both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA and ribohomopolymers in vitro, and that removal of the CCCH motif from the C-terminal abolished the binding activity (Figure 1E). These results strongly support the notion that EHD4 likely functions as a transcriptional activator and that the CCCH motif is essential for its nucleic acid binding activity.
[[File:figure1.jpg]]
Ehd4 regulates expression of the “florigen” genes through Ehd1. Ehd4 functions upstream of Ehd1, but largely independent of other known regulators of Ehd1. Consistent with this, down regulation of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 in ehd4 was also seen in the Nipponbare background and constantly seen at different stages during plant development.
===Expression===
Ehd4 most actively express in young leaves. The diurnal expression pattern is similar to that of Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions.Ehd encodes a new CCCH-type zinc finger protein,which located in to the nucleus,and it can bind the nucleic acids in the nucleus.Through the qRT-PCR,It showed that it accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs.
Ehd1 expression is promoted by a number of positive regulators. Among them, OsMADS51 encodes a type I MADS-box protein and induces Ehd1 expression under SDs, whereas a rice homolog of Arabidopsis SOC1 (Suppressor of Overexpression of Constant1), OsMADS50, was identified as a promoter of Ehd1 expression under LDs. Recently, it was shown that Ehd1 expression could be independently up-regulated by Early heading date 2/Rice Indeterminate 1/Oryza sativa Indeterminate 1 (referred to as Ehd2 hereafter) and Early heading date 3 (Ehd3) under both SDs and LDs
Expression of Ehd4 is constitutive and diurnal
We examined the expression levels of Ehd4 in various tissues and at different stages of leaf development (Figure 2A) by using qRT-PCR. Ehd4 transcripts were detected in all tissues examined, but the highest expression was found in emerging young leaves and the lowest level in fully expanded leaves (Figure 2B). Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying the GUS reporter gene driven by the Ehd4 promoter indicated that GUS was expressed in all tissues examined and was most abundant in the vascular tissue and apical meristem (Figure 2C–2I). The expression of Ehd4 showed a diurnal expression pattern in leaves. It accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs (Figure 2J). Moreover, Ehd4 was expressed constantly during the vegetative growth from the second week to the 10th week after germination (Figure 2K).
[[File:figure2.png]]

===Evolution===
Ehd4 is likely a single gene,it's unique and conserved in rice,after analysis about Ehd4' sequence of many rices.
===mutation===
Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions.
The ehd4 mutant was initially identified from a tissue culture-derived population of rice cv Kita-ake (japonica) under natural-day conditions in a paddy field in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), China (2006).
In an effort to isolate genes that are essential for promoting flowering time in rice, we generated a large T-DNA population in a day-length neutral, early flowering variety Kita-ake (O. sativa ssp. japonica). Kita-ake (Kit) has been widely used in rice transformation experiments because of its short life cycle. Kit flowers about two months after germination under both SDs (10 h light/14 h dark) and LDs (14.5 h light/9.5 h dark) conditions in the controlled growth chamber, as well as under natural long-day field conditions (NLDs) in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), North China (Figure 3A and 3B). To understand the day-length neutral nature of Kita-ake, we cloned ten genes reported to have significant effect on flowering time in rice, including seven genes that promote flowering (Ehd 1 to 3, OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Hd3a and RFT1) and three genes that suppress flowering under LDs (Hd6, Hd1 and Ghd7), and compared them with the corresponding genes in Nipponbare (Nip), a japonica variety that is sensitive to day-length.Compared with WT, ehd4 delayed flowering time by 49 d and 106 d under SDs and LDs, respectively (Figure 3B). Consistent with field observations, flowering time of the heterozygotes was also delayed under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3B). Notably, ehd4 had a similar leaf emergence rate to WT under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3C), indicating that the late flowering phenotype is not caused by retardation in growth rate. The mature ehd4 plants were taller, producing more but smaller seeds. The fertility of ehd4 plants was similar to that of WT (Figure 3D–3H).

==Labs working on this gene==
National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Insitute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China Peking University,China

==References==
Gao H, Zheng X M, Fei G, et al. Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice[J]. PLoS genetics, 2013, 9(2): e1003281.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0112700|
Description = Zinc finger, CCCH-type domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001055265.1 GI:115450258 GeneID:4331372|
Length = 2536 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0112700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:696186..698721|
CDS = 696218..697709,697812..697945,698031..698528|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MLSLSERAPICSPQSAPSASASDTCKMEENMNQQKTLEADISNT SVNQSPQSKILPESSPDNQDAEHEYRSPPPISESKELSPQSRTTPGSSPDNQDTEREY PSPPPISGSKEISPQSRTILESSPDNQDNGHEYPSPPPIPESIELSPHSKALPESSPD NQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSRQSKILPESSPGNQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSQQSK ILPESSPDNHDIKCEYSSPTPIPESKELSLQSKILPESSSDNQDIKCEDPSPTPISKS KEVSPQSKILSESYLDNQDVERECPSSILITESKELAVDLPGSISLAPEKTASTDVGE NSSLAFIFPKSTLAGDDALKSVFDMAKAHLECEDSKVKEELYVESTVVIRDDMVVNPA SGVESIDMSENLLESLMEQSCGTFYMDGTTALEGFLSGSTKEEPQCSSPIALSTCSSP IALSPWGEHGYYQGDSVGSSLWGVQDDDPIGNIWPLSSQAPALQYSSGSTAHFIDEAT VTHGNNGVVLSSTPGEEVGLPNSGVCTDWGLVEQVNPETNDASVSMIDKNSGLVDSQP SANDGSDVGTARNTNHNTNLSLNHETAVPLSRSSGEASRKHGFITDLNVATSEEALGN TKNWNPYAGNANRGSQRNHHRDRYSQISESWLLSSNYSRSRSDGFGTGGSSRSTPRGQ TQRGICKFHENGYCRKGASCNYLHP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>33..1524#1627..1760#1846..2343#ttgaagacagaggttcaagctcaccctctggtatgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggttagtctgttgatgtttagcatgcatccattagtcctaaacagtttgtggtgtttagcttacacctactaattttgcattgtaaaattctctctccagcaggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtaatgatattccaacatcatgtcagcctttgacatttgctttgtgtatgacattccatttgacattgggttctcactacaataggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctgatctctgcaatagataacgagggtttgcattctttgcccatatcttttgacttttttgtatagcctaattacagtggtagtcaacatagagcctacacaaccttttcttggtttcattcaaccgtagcaaggacggagtatatgtctagctctagcataggaggatgactgaatgtactgcccaagcagattcc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001055265.1 RefSeq:Os03g0112700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

File:Figure3.png

2014-06-10T03:11:14Z

Sunxiaodui: uploaded a new version of "File:Figure3.png"

File:Figure2.png

2014-06-10T03:10:00Z

Sunxiaodui: uploaded a new version of "File:Figure2.png"

Os03g0112700

2014-06-10T03:05:09Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Annotated Information */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
This gene is called Early heading date 4 (Ehd4), and it is about the flowering.Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions. Ehd4 may function by coding a transcriptional regulator. The transcriptional regulator can also bind to the DNA or RNA when it regulates the expression of gene. Some experiments indicate that there is an activation domain located in the middle region near the C-terminal of EHD4, it can also bind to the DNA or RNA. In addition to Ehd2 and Ehd3,Ehd4 can also promote the expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway.The expression of Ehd1 by a different pathway. It can promotes the expression of Hd3a and Rft1 by a different pathways though Ehd1.Rice has a unique, Hd1-independent flowering pathway that is mediated by Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). Ehd1 encodes a B-type response regulator that is highly conserved in cultivated rice, but has no homolog in Arabidopsis. It has been shown that Ehd1 positively regulates the expression of Hd3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1, the closest paralog of Hd3a that works as a LD ‘florigen’. Circumstantial evidence suggests that Ehd1 is a critical convergence point of regulation by multiple signaling pathways.
EHD4 may act as a transcriptional regulator
In higher plants, CCCH-type zinc finger proteins have been shown to regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA molecules in the nucleus. We fused Ehd4 with GFP and transiently expressed the EHD4-GFP fusion protein in rice leaf protoplasts. EHD4-GFP was exclusively co-localized with the OsMADS3-mCherry fusion protein (a nuclear marker) in the nucleus (Figure 1A–1C), indicating that EHD4 functions in the nucleus. We further fused EHD4 and its various deletions with the GAL4 DNA binding domain and investigated if EHD4 has transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Full-length wild type EHD4 and an EHD4 variant with only the CCCH motif removed were able to activate the reporter gene expression (Figure 1D). Further deletion of the C terminal region resulted in a dramatic reduction of the activation activity, whereas deletion of both the N-terminal and CCCH motif only had mild effects (Figure 1D). These observations suggest that the activation domain is located in the middle region close to the C-terminal of EHD4. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay demonstrated that the C-terminal region, but not the N-terminal region, can bind to both double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA and ribohomopolymers in vitro, and that removal of the CCCH motif from the C-terminal abolished the binding activity (Figure 1E). These results strongly support the notion that EHD4 likely functions as a transcriptional activator and that the CCCH motif is essential for its nucleic acid binding activity.
[[File:figure1.jpg]]
Ehd4 regulates expression of the “florigen” genes through Ehd1. Ehd4 functions upstream of Ehd1, but largely independent of other known regulators of Ehd1. Consistent with this, down regulation of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 in ehd4 was also seen in the Nipponbare background and constantly seen at different stages during plant development.
===Expression===
Ehd4 most actively express in young leaves. The diurnal expression pattern is similar to that of Ehd1 under both short-day and long-day conditions.Ehd encodes a new CCCH-type zinc finger protein,which located in to the nucleus,and it can bind the nucleic acids in the nucleus.Through the qRT-PCR,It showed that it accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs.
Ehd1 expression is promoted by a number of positive regulators. Among them, OsMADS51 encodes a type I MADS-box protein and induces Ehd1 expression under SDs, whereas a rice homolog of Arabidopsis SOC1 (Suppressor of Overexpression of Constant1), OsMADS50, was identified as a promoter of Ehd1 expression under LDs. Recently, it was shown that Ehd1 expression could be independently up-regulated by Early heading date 2/Rice Indeterminate 1/Oryza sativa Indeterminate 1 (referred to as Ehd2 hereafter) and Early heading date 3 (Ehd3) under both SDs and LDs
Expression of Ehd4 is constitutive and diurnal
We examined the expression levels of Ehd4 in various tissues and at different stages of leaf development (Figure 2A) by using qRT-PCR. Ehd4 transcripts were detected in all tissues examined, but the highest expression was found in emerging young leaves and the lowest level in fully expanded leaves (Figure 2B). Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying the GUS reporter gene driven by the Ehd4 promoter indicated that GUS was expressed in all tissues examined and was most abundant in the vascular tissue and apical meristem (Figure 2C–2I). The expression of Ehd4 showed a diurnal expression pattern in leaves. It accumulates after dusk, reaching a peak at dawn, and damping rapidly thereafter under both SDs and LDs (Figure 2J). Moreover, Ehd4 was expressed constantly during the vegetative growth from the second week to the 10th week after germination (Figure 2K).

===Evolution===
Ehd4 is likely a single gene,it's unique and conserved in rice,after analysis about Ehd4' sequence of many rices.
===mutation===
Ehd4 mutants showed a never flowering phenotype under natural long-day conditions.
The ehd4 mutant was initially identified from a tissue culture-derived population of rice cv Kita-ake (japonica) under natural-day conditions in a paddy field in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), China (2006).
In an effort to isolate genes that are essential for promoting flowering time in rice, we generated a large T-DNA population in a day-length neutral, early flowering variety Kita-ake (O. sativa ssp. japonica). Kita-ake (Kit) has been widely used in rice transformation experiments because of its short life cycle. Kit flowers about two months after germination under both SDs (10 h light/14 h dark) and LDs (14.5 h light/9.5 h dark) conditions in the controlled growth chamber, as well as under natural long-day field conditions (NLDs) in Beijing (39°54′N, 116°23′E), North China (Figure 3A and 3B). To understand the day-length neutral nature of Kita-ake, we cloned ten genes reported to have significant effect on flowering time in rice, including seven genes that promote flowering (Ehd 1 to 3, OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Hd3a and RFT1) and three genes that suppress flowering under LDs (Hd6, Hd1 and Ghd7), and compared them with the corresponding genes in Nipponbare (Nip), a japonica variety that is sensitive to day-length.Compared with WT, ehd4 delayed flowering time by 49 d and 106 d under SDs and LDs, respectively (Figure 3B). Consistent with field observations, flowering time of the heterozygotes was also delayed under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3B). Notably, ehd4 had a similar leaf emergence rate to WT under both SDs and LDs (Figure 3C), indicating that the late flowering phenotype is not caused by retardation in growth rate. The mature ehd4 plants were taller, producing more but smaller seeds. The fertility of ehd4 plants was similar to that of WT (Figure 3D–3H).

==Labs working on this gene==
National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Insitute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China Peking University,China

==References==
Gao H, Zheng X M, Fei G, et al. Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice[J]. PLoS genetics, 2013, 9(2): e1003281.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0112700|
Description = Zinc finger, CCCH-type domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001055265.1 GI:115450258 GeneID:4331372|
Length = 2536 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0112700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:696186..698721|
CDS = 696218..697709,697812..697945,698031..698528|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:696186..698721
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MLSLSERAPICSPQSAPSASASDTCKMEENMNQQKTLEADISNT SVNQSPQSKILPESSPDNQDAEHEYRSPPPISESKELSPQSRTTPGSSPDNQDTEREY PSPPPISGSKEISPQSRTILESSPDNQDNGHEYPSPPPIPESIELSPHSKALPESSPD NQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSRQSKILPESSPGNQDIEPECPSPPQIPESKELSQQSK ILPESSPDNHDIKCEYSSPTPIPESKELSLQSKILPESSSDNQDIKCEDPSPTPISKS KEVSPQSKILSESYLDNQDVERECPSSILITESKELAVDLPGSISLAPEKTASTDVGE NSSLAFIFPKSTLAGDDALKSVFDMAKAHLECEDSKVKEELYVESTVVIRDDMVVNPA SGVESIDMSENLLESLMEQSCGTFYMDGTTALEGFLSGSTKEEPQCSSPIALSTCSSP IALSPWGEHGYYQGDSVGSSLWGVQDDDPIGNIWPLSSQAPALQYSSGSTAHFIDEAT VTHGNNGVVLSSTPGEEVGLPNSGVCTDWGLVEQVNPETNDASVSMIDKNSGLVDSQP SANDGSDVGTARNTNHNTNLSLNHETAVPLSRSSGEASRKHGFITDLNVATSEEALGN TKNWNPYAGNANRGSQRNHHRDRYSQISESWLLSSNYSRSRSDGFGTGGSSRSTPRGQ TQRGICKFHENGYCRKGASCNYLHP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>33..1524#1627..1760#1846..2343#ttgaagacagaggttcaagctcaccctctggtatgctgagtctctcggaaagagcaccaatctgcagtccacagtcagctccttctgcgtctgcttctgatacatgcaagatggaggagaacatgaatcaacaaaaaacacttgaagctgatatatcaaacacgtcagttaatcagtctccacagtctaagattctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatgctgaacatgaatatcgtagtccacctccaatatctgagagtaaagagttatccccacagtcaaggactacccctggatcttctcctgataaccaagatactgaacgtgaatatcctagcccgcctccaatatctgggagtaaagagatatccccacagtcaaggactatccttgaatcttctcctgataaccaagataatggacatgaatatcctagtccacctccgataccggagagtatagagctatctccgcattctaaggctctccctgaatcttctcctgataaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccacctcaaatacccgagagtaaagagctatctcggcagtctaagattctccctgaatcatctcctggtaaccaagatattgaacctgaatgccctagtccaccgcaaatacctgagagtaaagagctatctcagcagtctaagattctccctgaatcctctcctgataaccacgatattaaatgtgaatattccagtccaactccgatacccgagagtaaagagctatctctgcagtctaagattctccctgaatcttcttctgataaccaagatattaagtgtgaagatcctagcccaactccgatatctaagagtaaagaggtgtctccgcaatctaagattctctctgaatcttatcttgataaccaagatgttgaacgtgagtgtcctagttccattctgataactgagagtaaagagcttgctgtggacctccctggatcaatatcattagcacctgaaaaaacagcttctactgatgtaggtgaaaactcttcacttgcttttatttttccaaaatctactctggctggggatgatgctttgaaatcagtatttgatatggcaaaggcgcatttagaatgtgaagattcaaaggttaaagaagaactgtatgttgaatcaactgttgttataagagatgacatggttgttaatcctgcctctggagttgagtccatagacatgtctgaaaatctcttggaatctttgatggagcaaagttgtggaactttttacatggatggtacaacagccttagaaggttttctgtctggttcaacgaaggaagaaccgcaatgttctagccccattgctttatccacatgctctagccccattgcattatccccttggggtgaacatggctactatcaaggagattctgttggttcttctttatggggtgtccaggacgatgatccaatcggtaatatttggccattatcctcacaagcaccggctctccagtattcatctggttagtctgttgatgtttagcatgcatccattagtcctaaacagtttgtggtgtttagcttacacctactaattttgcattgtaaaattctctctccagcaggtagcactgctcattttattgatgaagcaactgtcacccatggaaataatggagttgttctaagtagcacgccaggggaggaggtgggtttaccaaactcaggtgtttgcacagattggggattggttgagcaggtaatgatattccaacatcatgtcagcctttgacatttgctttgtgtatgacattccatttgacattgggttctcactacaataggtgaatccagaaacaaatgatgcatcggtatcaatgatagacaagaactcaggattagtagattctcaaccatcagcaaatgatggctcagatgtgggtactgcacggaacactaaccataatactaacttgtccctcaaccatgaaacagcggtacccttgagtagaagttctggagaagcatcaagaaaacacggatttattactgacttgaatgttgctacttcagaggaggcgttagggaacaccaagaactggaatccatatgctggtaatgctaatcggggcagccagcggaatcatcaccgtgacaggtactctcaaataagcgaatcttggcttcttagctcaaactactctaggagtaggtctgatggatttggcactggtggatcgtcgagatcaaccccaaggggacaaactcagagggggatatgtaaatttcatgagaatggctactgcaggaagggtgcatcttgtaactacctgcacccctgatctctgcaatagataacgagggtttgcattctttgcccatatcttttgacttttttgtatagcctaattacagtggtagtcaacatagagcctacacaaccttttcttggtttcattcaaccgtagcaaggacggagtatatgtctagctctagcataggaggatgactgaatgtactgcccaagcagattcc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001055265.1 RefSeq:Os03g0112700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

File:Figure1.jpg

2014-06-10T02:58:26Z

Sunxiaodui: uploaded a new version of "File:Figure1.jpg": Figure1. EHD4 is a nuclear protein with intrinsic transcriptional activation and nucleic acid binding activities. (A) Sub-cellular localization of EHD4-GFP fusion protein. (B) The nuclear marker

[[File:Figure1|right|thumb|150px|"The matured panicle and pollen grains stained with 1% I2-KI
solution in the ZEP1/zep1-1 heterozygote plant.(A) The panicle.(B) Pollen grains. Bar=50 m.(<ref name="ref1"/>)."]]

Os06g0157500

2014-06-09T14:38:54Z

Sunxiaodui: /* References */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1) is a florigen gene in rice (Figure 1), because an RFT1:GFP fusion protein localized in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) under LD conditions (Figure 2). RFT1 is the closest homolog to Heading date 3a (Hd3a) and is a major floral activator under LD conditions..RFT1 and Hd3a regulate rice flowering under LD and SD conditions.OsMADS50, an LD floral activator, acts upstream of Ehd1 and RFT1.OsMADS14 and OsMADS15 act downstream of RFT1 in the SAM under LD conditions.Both positive (OsMADS50 and Ehd1) and negative (Hd1, phyB and Ghd7) regulators of RFT1 form a gene network that regulates LD flowering in rice The OsMADS50-Ehd1-RFT1 pathway is involved in floral activation under LD conditions(Figure 2 )<ref name="ref1" />.

[[File:Fig.1. RFT1 encodes LD florigen.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Fig.1'''' ''. RFT1 encodes LD florigen. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[[File:Fig. 2. A model for the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice.jpg|center|thumb|450px|'''Fig.2.''' ''. A model for the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[http://www.ricedata.cn/reference/list/2537.htm]
RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1/FT-L3) is the closest homologue of Heading date 3a (Hd3a), with 91% identity in the deduced amino acid sequence, which is thought to encode a mobile flowering signal and promote floral transition under short-day (SD) conditions. RFT1 also lies adjacent to Hd3a, separated by only 11.5 kb on chromosome 6. The Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice. RFT1 expression was very low in wild-type plants. Hd3a and RFT1 act as floral activators under SD conditions, and that RFT1 expression is partly regulated by chromatin modification. These two genes are essential for flowering in rice. Moreover, RFT1 functions as a floral activator in Hd3a RNAi plants.

===Mutation===
Polymorphisms in the promoter region that lead to reduced expression levels of RFT1. An amino acid substitution (E105K) that leads to a functional defect in Nona Bokra RFT1. The E105K mutation is found only in indica, and a strong association was founded between the RFT1 haplotype and extremely late flowering in a functional Hd1 background.. Furthermore, SNPs in the regulatory region of RFT1 and the E105K substitution in 1,397 accessions show strong linkage disequilibrium with a flowering time–associated SNP. <ref name="ref2" /> .
[http://www.ricedata.cn/reference/list/45205.htm]
===Expression===
Developmental expression of RFT1 in the SAM under LD conditions through stages 1-5 (Figure 3 ) <ref name="ref1" />.
[[File:Fig.3.Expression of RFT1 in the SAM.jpg|center|thumb|550px|'''''' ''. Expression of RFT1 in the SAM. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]
Transcript levels of RFT1 were very low in wild-type plants throughout development. The similarity of Hd3a and RFT1 expression patterns under SD and LD conditions, and in vascular tissues, suggests that RFT1 could function redundantly with Hd3a in promoting floral transition under SD conditions[3].

===Evolution===
The ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions suggest that the E105K mutation resulting in the defect in RFT1 occurred relatively recently. These findings indicate that natural mutations in RFT1 provide flowering time divergence under long-day conditions <ref name="ref2" /> .

==Labs working on this gene==
*Genetic Resources Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Kannondai Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan<ref name="ref2" /> .
*Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan<ref name="ref2" /> .
*Iwate Agricultural Research Center, Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan<ref name="ref2" /> .
*National Institute of Genetics, 111-1 Yata, Mishima 411-8540,Japan <ref name="ref1" />.
*Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan <ref name="ref1" />.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Reina Komiya*, Shuji Yokoi and Ko Shimamoto. A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice
.Development 136, 3443-3450 (2009) doi:10.1242/dev.040170.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Ogiso-Tanaka E, Matsubara K, Yamamoto S-i, Nonoue Y, Wu J, et al. (2013) Natural Variation of the RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 Contributes to Flowering Time Divergence in Rice. PLoS ONE 8(10): e75959. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0075959</ref>
</references>
Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice. Reina Komiya, Akiko Ikegami*, Shojiro Tamaki, Shuji Yokoi† and Ko Shimamoto‡.Development 135, 767-774 (2008) doi:10.1242/dev.008631

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0157500|
Description = Similar to CiFT protein|
Version = NM_001063394.1 GI:115466519 GeneID:4340184|
Length = 1652 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0157500, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:2925824..2927475|
CDS = 2926081..2926284,2926432..2926493,2926607..2926647,2927174..2927403|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:2925824..2927475
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:2925824..2927475
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggccggcagcggcagggacgatcctcttgtggttggcaggattgtgggtgatgtgctggatccattcgtccggatcactaacctcagtgtcagctatggtgcaaggatcgtctccaatggctgcgagctcaagccgtccatggtgacccaacagcccagggtcgtggtcggtggcaatgacatgaggacgttctacacactcgtgatggtagacccggatgctccgagcccaagcaaccctaaccttagggagtatctacactggctggtcaccgatattcctggtaccactggagcaacatttgggcaagaggtgatgtgctacgagagcccaaggccaaccatggggatccaccggctggtgttcgtgctgttccagcagctggggcgtcagacggtgtacgcaccggggtggcgccagaacttcagcaccaggaacttcgccgagctctacaacctcggctcgccggtcgccaccgtctacttcaactgccagcgcgaggccggctccggcggcaggagggtctacccctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAGSGRDDPLVVGRIVGDVLDPFVRITNLSVSYGARIVSNGCEL KPSMVTQQPRVVVGGNDMRTFYTLVMVDPDAPSPSNPNLREYLHWLVTDIPGTTGATF GQEVMCYESPRPTMGIHRLVFVLFQQLGRQTVYAPGWRQNFSTRNFAELYNLGSPVAT VYFNCQREAGSGGRRVYP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>258..461#609..670#784..824#1351..1580#cctgtcactgtttggctagcttaaccttcctgacatctatcctctggattgaacggcaggagatacctaagctagctagcaatctctatcgatctgtttgtttacatgttcagttaaaggttactgagaaatgcctagagtttttccggctagcttcataagttagtgggttagctgacctagattcaaagtctaatccttttatttatttgatattagatatcctaacgtttttagttagaggttattaatttgacatggccggcagcggcagggacgatcctcttgtggttggcaggattgtgggtgatgtgctggatccattcgtccggatcactaacctcagtgtcagctatggtgcaaggatcgtctccaatggctgcgagctcaagccgtccatggtgacccaacagcccagggtcgtggtcggtggcaatgacatgaggacgttctacacactcgtacggatcatatcttggatgcagagacccaccagaagttatttaattactttcattaattatcataaaactagactataaattatattttttacatggatgcatgttaattttgtgtggcttacgtactaatctaattacctacaggtgatggtagacccggatgctccgagcccaagcaaccctaaccttagggagtatctacactggtaggcaccgatcagatatgttagctagctaattgtatacattcgtcctagaatataaagaatttggaccggattctcaatcattcgcgttgattctctttgtctgtctgtaggctggtcaccgatattcctggtaccactggagcaacatttggtcagtaaactagtatatatatatagtactcatatcaatttcgatgtaacagcaacatatgtggcagttccatgaatttttattaccttggtcctaccccatatatatacttcaaaaattgcataatgacaaaattatactccctccgtattttaatgtatgacgccgttgactttttaaccaacatttgaccattcgtcttatttaaattttttatgcaaatacaaaaatacttatgtcatgcttaaagaacatttgatgataaatcaagtcacaataaaataaatgataattacataatttttttgaataagacaaaaagtcaaacgtttgttaaaaagtcaatgtcgtcatacattaaaatacggagggagtatctattttgtcaaaaattttcgtcagatttgaaggatagggctgtacttcttctatgccaaaatggagggtggtgatcccctcaaaacttgtagaacagccactgttgatatatatatggtgaataacgtagataattaaattgatgcagggcaagaggtgatgtgctacgagagcccaaggccaaccatggggatccaccggctggtgttcgtgctgttccagcagctggggcgtcagacggtgtacgcaccggggtggcgccagaacttcagcaccaggaacttcgccgagctctacaacctcggctcgccggtcgccaccgtctacttcaactgccagcgcgaggccggctccggcggcaggagggtctacccctagctagctacgcatgccacccggcctccatgcatgcagcagctatagctaagctgagacctgcctagctgtata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063394.1 RefSeq:Os06g0157500]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

Os06g0157500

2014-06-09T14:36:51Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Expression */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1) is a florigen gene in rice (Figure 1), because an RFT1:GFP fusion protein localized in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) under LD conditions (Figure 2). RFT1 is the closest homolog to Heading date 3a (Hd3a) and is a major floral activator under LD conditions..RFT1 and Hd3a regulate rice flowering under LD and SD conditions.OsMADS50, an LD floral activator, acts upstream of Ehd1 and RFT1.OsMADS14 and OsMADS15 act downstream of RFT1 in the SAM under LD conditions.Both positive (OsMADS50 and Ehd1) and negative (Hd1, phyB and Ghd7) regulators of RFT1 form a gene network that regulates LD flowering in rice The OsMADS50-Ehd1-RFT1 pathway is involved in floral activation under LD conditions(Figure 2 )<ref name="ref1" />.

[[File:Fig.1. RFT1 encodes LD florigen.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Fig.1'''' ''. RFT1 encodes LD florigen. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[[File:Fig. 2. A model for the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice.jpg|center|thumb|450px|'''Fig.2.''' ''. A model for the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[http://www.ricedata.cn/reference/list/2537.htm]
RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1/FT-L3) is the closest homologue of Heading date 3a (Hd3a), with 91% identity in the deduced amino acid sequence, which is thought to encode a mobile flowering signal and promote floral transition under short-day (SD) conditions. RFT1 also lies adjacent to Hd3a, separated by only 11.5 kb on chromosome 6. The Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice. RFT1 expression was very low in wild-type plants. Hd3a and RFT1 act as floral activators under SD conditions, and that RFT1 expression is partly regulated by chromatin modification. These two genes are essential for flowering in rice. Moreover, RFT1 functions as a floral activator in Hd3a RNAi plants.

===Mutation===
Polymorphisms in the promoter region that lead to reduced expression levels of RFT1. An amino acid substitution (E105K) that leads to a functional defect in Nona Bokra RFT1. The E105K mutation is found only in indica, and a strong association was founded between the RFT1 haplotype and extremely late flowering in a functional Hd1 background.. Furthermore, SNPs in the regulatory region of RFT1 and the E105K substitution in 1,397 accessions show strong linkage disequilibrium with a flowering time–associated SNP. <ref name="ref2" /> .
[http://www.ricedata.cn/reference/list/45205.htm]
===Expression===
Developmental expression of RFT1 in the SAM under LD conditions through stages 1-5 (Figure 3 ) <ref name="ref1" />.
[[File:Fig.3.Expression of RFT1 in the SAM.jpg|center|thumb|550px|'''''' ''. Expression of RFT1 in the SAM. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]
Transcript levels of RFT1 were very low in wild-type plants throughout development. The similarity of Hd3a and RFT1 expression patterns under SD and LD conditions, and in vascular tissues, suggests that RFT1 could function redundantly with Hd3a in promoting floral transition under SD conditions[3].

===Evolution===
The ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions suggest that the E105K mutation resulting in the defect in RFT1 occurred relatively recently. These findings indicate that natural mutations in RFT1 provide flowering time divergence under long-day conditions <ref name="ref2" /> .

==Labs working on this gene==
*Genetic Resources Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Kannondai Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan<ref name="ref2" /> .
*Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan<ref name="ref2" /> .
*Iwate Agricultural Research Center, Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan<ref name="ref2" /> .
*National Institute of Genetics, 111-1 Yata, Mishima 411-8540,Japan <ref name="ref1" />.
*Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan <ref name="ref1" />.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Reina Komiya*, Shuji Yokoi and Ko Shimamoto. A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice
.Development 136, 3443-3450 (2009) doi:10.1242/dev.040170.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Ogiso-Tanaka E, Matsubara K, Yamamoto S-i, Nonoue Y, Wu J, et al. (2013) Natural Variation of the RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 Contributes to Flowering Time Divergence in Rice. PLoS ONE 8(10): e75959. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0075959</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0157500|
Description = Similar to CiFT protein|
Version = NM_001063394.1 GI:115466519 GeneID:4340184|
Length = 1652 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0157500, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:2925824..2927475|
CDS = 2926081..2926284,2926432..2926493,2926607..2926647,2927174..2927403|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:2925824..2927475
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:2925824..2927475
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggccggcagcggcagggacgatcctcttgtggttggcaggattgtgggtgatgtgctggatccattcgtccggatcactaacctcagtgtcagctatggtgcaaggatcgtctccaatggctgcgagctcaagccgtccatggtgacccaacagcccagggtcgtggtcggtggcaatgacatgaggacgttctacacactcgtgatggtagacccggatgctccgagcccaagcaaccctaaccttagggagtatctacactggctggtcaccgatattcctggtaccactggagcaacatttgggcaagaggtgatgtgctacgagagcccaaggccaaccatggggatccaccggctggtgttcgtgctgttccagcagctggggcgtcagacggtgtacgcaccggggtggcgccagaacttcagcaccaggaacttcgccgagctctacaacctcggctcgccggtcgccaccgtctacttcaactgccagcgcgaggccggctccggcggcaggagggtctacccctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAGSGRDDPLVVGRIVGDVLDPFVRITNLSVSYGARIVSNGCEL KPSMVTQQPRVVVGGNDMRTFYTLVMVDPDAPSPSNPNLREYLHWLVTDIPGTTGATF GQEVMCYESPRPTMGIHRLVFVLFQQLGRQTVYAPGWRQNFSTRNFAELYNLGSPVAT VYFNCQREAGSGGRRVYP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>258..461#609..670#784..824#1351..1580#cctgtcactgtttggctagcttaaccttcctgacatctatcctctggattgaacggcaggagatacctaagctagctagcaatctctatcgatctgtttgtttacatgttcagttaaaggttactgagaaatgcctagagtttttccggctagcttcataagttagtgggttagctgacctagattcaaagtctaatccttttatttatttgatattagatatcctaacgtttttagttagaggttattaatttgacatggccggcagcggcagggacgatcctcttgtggttggcaggattgtgggtgatgtgctggatccattcgtccggatcactaacctcagtgtcagctatggtgcaaggatcgtctccaatggctgcgagctcaagccgtccatggtgacccaacagcccagggtcgtggtcggtggcaatgacatgaggacgttctacacactcgtacggatcatatcttggatgcagagacccaccagaagttatttaattactttcattaattatcataaaactagactataaattatattttttacatggatgcatgttaattttgtgtggcttacgtactaatctaattacctacaggtgatggtagacccggatgctccgagcccaagcaaccctaaccttagggagtatctacactggtaggcaccgatcagatatgttagctagctaattgtatacattcgtcctagaatataaagaatttggaccggattctcaatcattcgcgttgattctctttgtctgtctgtaggctggtcaccgatattcctggtaccactggagcaacatttggtcagtaaactagtatatatatatagtactcatatcaatttcgatgtaacagcaacatatgtggcagttccatgaatttttattaccttggtcctaccccatatatatacttcaaaaattgcataatgacaaaattatactccctccgtattttaatgtatgacgccgttgactttttaaccaacatttgaccattcgtcttatttaaattttttatgcaaatacaaaaatacttatgtcatgcttaaagaacatttgatgataaatcaagtcacaataaaataaatgataattacataatttttttgaataagacaaaaagtcaaacgtttgttaaaaagtcaatgtcgtcatacattaaaatacggagggagtatctattttgtcaaaaattttcgtcagatttgaaggatagggctgtacttcttctatgccaaaatggagggtggtgatcccctcaaaacttgtagaacagccactgttgatatatatatggtgaataacgtagataattaaattgatgcagggcaagaggtgatgtgctacgagagcccaaggccaaccatggggatccaccggctggtgttcgtgctgttccagcagctggggcgtcagacggtgtacgcaccggggtggcgccagaacttcagcaccaggaacttcgccgagctctacaacctcggctcgccggtcgccaccgtctacttcaactgccagcgcgaggccggctccggcggcaggagggtctacccctagctagctacgcatgccacccggcctccatgcatgcagcagctatagctaagctgagacctgcctagctgtata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063394.1 RefSeq:Os06g0157500]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

Os06g0157500

2014-06-09T14:20:56Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Function */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1) is a florigen gene in rice (Figure 1), because an RFT1:GFP fusion protein localized in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) under LD conditions (Figure 2). RFT1 is the closest homolog to Heading date 3a (Hd3a) and is a major floral activator under LD conditions..RFT1 and Hd3a regulate rice flowering under LD and SD conditions.OsMADS50, an LD floral activator, acts upstream of Ehd1 and RFT1.OsMADS14 and OsMADS15 act downstream of RFT1 in the SAM under LD conditions.Both positive (OsMADS50 and Ehd1) and negative (Hd1, phyB and Ghd7) regulators of RFT1 form a gene network that regulates LD flowering in rice The OsMADS50-Ehd1-RFT1 pathway is involved in floral activation under LD conditions(Figure 2 )<ref name="ref1" />.

[[File:Fig.1. RFT1 encodes LD florigen.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Fig.1'''' ''. RFT1 encodes LD florigen. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[[File:Fig. 2. A model for the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice.jpg|center|thumb|450px|'''Fig.2.''' ''. A model for the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]
[http://www.ricedata.cn/reference/list/2537.htm]
RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1/FT-L3) is the closest homologue of Heading date 3a (Hd3a), with 91% identity in the deduced amino acid sequence, which is thought to encode a mobile flowering signal and promote floral transition under short-day (SD) conditions. RFT1 also lies adjacent to Hd3a, separated by only 11.5 kb on chromosome 6. The Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice. RFT1 expression was very low in wild-type plants. Hd3a and RFT1 act as floral activators under SD conditions, and that RFT1 expression is partly regulated by chromatin modification. These two genes are essential for flowering in rice. Moreover, RFT1 functions as a floral activator in Hd3a RNAi plants.

===Mutation===
Polymorphisms in the promoter region that lead to reduced expression levels of RFT1. An amino acid substitution (E105K) that leads to a functional defect in Nona Bokra RFT1. The E105K mutation is found only in indica, and a strong association was founded between the RFT1 haplotype and extremely late flowering in a functional Hd1 background.. Furthermore, SNPs in the regulatory region of RFT1 and the E105K substitution in 1,397 accessions show strong linkage disequilibrium with a flowering time–associated SNP. <ref name="ref2" /> .
[http://www.ricedata.cn/reference/list/45205.htm]
===Expression===
Developmental expression of RFT1 in the SAM under LD conditions through stages 1-5 (Figure 3 ) <ref name="ref1" />.
[[File:Fig.3.Expression of RFT1 in the SAM.jpg|center|thumb|550px|'''''' ''. Expression of RFT1 in the SAM. (from reference<ref name="ref1" />).'']]

===Evolution===
The ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions suggest that the E105K mutation resulting in the defect in RFT1 occurred relatively recently. These findings indicate that natural mutations in RFT1 provide flowering time divergence under long-day conditions <ref name="ref2" /> .

==Labs working on this gene==
*Genetic Resources Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Kannondai Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan<ref name="ref2" /> .
*Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan<ref name="ref2" /> .
*Iwate Agricultural Research Center, Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan<ref name="ref2" /> .
*National Institute of Genetics, 111-1 Yata, Mishima 411-8540,Japan <ref name="ref1" />.
*Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan <ref name="ref1" />.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Reina Komiya*, Shuji Yokoi and Ko Shimamoto. A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice
.Development 136, 3443-3450 (2009) doi:10.1242/dev.040170.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Ogiso-Tanaka E, Matsubara K, Yamamoto S-i, Nonoue Y, Wu J, et al. (2013) Natural Variation of the RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 Contributes to Flowering Time Divergence in Rice. PLoS ONE 8(10): e75959. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0075959</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0157500|
Description = Similar to CiFT protein|
Version = NM_001063394.1 GI:115466519 GeneID:4340184|
Length = 1652 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0157500, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:2925824..2927475|
CDS = 2926081..2926284,2926432..2926493,2926607..2926647,2927174..2927403|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:2925824..2927475
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:2925824..2927475
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggccggcagcggcagggacgatcctcttgtggttggcaggattgtgggtgatgtgctggatccattcgtccggatcactaacctcagtgtcagctatggtgcaaggatcgtctccaatggctgcgagctcaagccgtccatggtgacccaacagcccagggtcgtggtcggtggcaatgacatgaggacgttctacacactcgtgatggtagacccggatgctccgagcccaagcaaccctaaccttagggagtatctacactggctggtcaccgatattcctggtaccactggagcaacatttgggcaagaggtgatgtgctacgagagcccaaggccaaccatggggatccaccggctggtgttcgtgctgttccagcagctggggcgtcagacggtgtacgcaccggggtggcgccagaacttcagcaccaggaacttcgccgagctctacaacctcggctcgccggtcgccaccgtctacttcaactgccagcgcgaggccggctccggcggcaggagggtctacccctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAGSGRDDPLVVGRIVGDVLDPFVRITNLSVSYGARIVSNGCEL KPSMVTQQPRVVVGGNDMRTFYTLVMVDPDAPSPSNPNLREYLHWLVTDIPGTTGATF GQEVMCYESPRPTMGIHRLVFVLFQQLGRQTVYAPGWRQNFSTRNFAELYNLGSPVAT VYFNCQREAGSGGRRVYP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>258..461#609..670#784..824#1351..1580#cctgtcactgtttggctagcttaaccttcctgacatctatcctctggattgaacggcaggagatacctaagctagctagcaatctctatcgatctgtttgtttacatgttcagttaaaggttactgagaaatgcctagagtttttccggctagcttcataagttagtgggttagctgacctagattcaaagtctaatccttttatttatttgatattagatatcctaacgtttttagttagaggttattaatttgacatggccggcagcggcagggacgatcctcttgtggttggcaggattgtgggtgatgtgctggatccattcgtccggatcactaacctcagtgtcagctatggtgcaaggatcgtctccaatggctgcgagctcaagccgtccatggtgacccaacagcccagggtcgtggtcggtggcaatgacatgaggacgttctacacactcgtacggatcatatcttggatgcagagacccaccagaagttatttaattactttcattaattatcataaaactagactataaattatattttttacatggatgcatgttaattttgtgtggcttacgtactaatctaattacctacaggtgatggtagacccggatgctccgagcccaagcaaccctaaccttagggagtatctacactggtaggcaccgatcagatatgttagctagctaattgtatacattcgtcctagaatataaagaatttggaccggattctcaatcattcgcgttgattctctttgtctgtctgtaggctggtcaccgatattcctggtaccactggagcaacatttggtcagtaaactagtatatatatatagtactcatatcaatttcgatgtaacagcaacatatgtggcagttccatgaatttttattaccttggtcctaccccatatatatacttcaaaaattgcataatgacaaaattatactccctccgtattttaatgtatgacgccgttgactttttaaccaacatttgaccattcgtcttatttaaattttttatgcaaatacaaaaatacttatgtcatgcttaaagaacatttgatgataaatcaagtcacaataaaataaatgataattacataatttttttgaataagacaaaaagtcaaacgtttgttaaaaagtcaatgtcgtcatacattaaaatacggagggagtatctattttgtcaaaaattttcgtcagatttgaaggatagggctgtacttcttctatgccaaaatggagggtggtgatcccctcaaaacttgtagaacagccactgttgatatatatatggtgaataacgtagataattaaattgatgcagggcaagaggtgatgtgctacgagagcccaaggccaaccatggggatccaccggctggtgttcgtgctgttccagcagctggggcgtcagacggtgtacgcaccggggtggcgccagaacttcagcaccaggaacttcgccgagctctacaacctcggctcgccggtcgccaccgtctacttcaactgccagcgcgaggccggctccggcggcaggagggtctacccctagctagctacgcatgccacccggcctccatgcatgcagcagctatagctaagctgagacctgcctagctgtata</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063394.1 RefSeq:Os06g0157500]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

Os02g0802700

2014-06-09T11:15:22Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Annotated Information */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
The gene osMGD is isolated from the submergence tolerant cultivar FR13A.
===Function===

OsMGD play an important role in coping various stresses for plants, which also provide us a possible approach to enhance plant multiple stresses tolerance.The enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.
The full length of OsMGD cDNA was amplified using 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and found to consist of 1,671 bp with an
open reading frame of 1,077 bp (181-1257) encoding 358 amino acids.
The overexpression of OsMGD improves salt tolerance in tobacco and that galactolipids, MGDG and DGDG play an important role in the regulation of chloroplast structure and function in the plant salt stress response.

===Expression===
OsMGD encodes monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase (UDPgalactose: 1,2-diacylglycerol 3-β-D-galactosyl transferase; EC 2.4.1.46, MGDG synthase)
Time-course studies showed that the expression of OsMGD in the rice cultivars FR13A and IR42 (submergence-susceptive cultivar) during submergence was gradually increased and that expression in FR13A was higher than in IR42. The expression of OsMGD in FR13A was influenced by benzyladenine and illumination. The accumulation of OsMGD mRNA in both FR13A and IR42 was also increased by ethephon, gibberellin, drought and salt treatment, but cold stress had no effect on the expression of the gene. These results suggest that the expression of OsMGD mRNA requires benzyladenine or illumination, and that the process is also mediated by ethephon and gibberellin. Salt and drought stress have an effect similar to that of submergence. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama-cho, Minami 4-101,
Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University,
Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University.
Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan.
Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Huajiachi Campus, Hangzhou, 310029, People’s Republic of China

==References==
Please input cited references here.
Cloning of a putative monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase gene from rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants and its expression in response to submergence and other stresses.Yanhua Qi, Yasuo Yamauchi, Jianqun Ling, Naoyoshi Kawano, Debao Li, Kiyoshi Tanaka Planta, 2004, 219(3): 450-458.
Maintenance of chloroplast structure and function by overexpression of the OsMGD gene leads to enhanced salt tolerance in tobacco. Shiwen Wang,Md. Imtiaz Uddin, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Lina Yin, Zhonghui Shi,Yanhua QiJun'ichi Mano,Kenji Matsui,Norihiro Shimomura,Takeshi Sakaki5,Xiping Deng1and Suiqi Zhang1.
Expression and subcellular localization of antiporter regulating protein OsARP in rice induced by submergence, salt and drought stresses. Md Imtiaz Uddin1, Maki Kihara1, Lina Yin, Mst Farida Perveen and Kiyoshi Tanaka.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0802700|
Description = Similar to MGDG synthase type A|
Version = NM_001054958.1 GI:115449286 GeneID:4331045|
Length = 4212 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0802700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:35110098..35114309|
CDS = 35110099..35110336,35110863..35110890,35111867..35112028,35112130..35112271,35112688..35112912 ,35113017..35113079,35113185..35113259,35113566..35113853|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ctcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>LASPILNSLLSLSRRRRPPPQRGLVSLGGDGGVVVVVVVDGVAE GEVDPGDGAGDGGGVPPAAEDEAQVQEEPLLRGGAVAALASFYAKKVEAGLKKYKPDI IISVHPLMQHIPLWVLKWQGLQNRVVFVTVITDLNTCHPTWFHADVNRCYCPSEEVAK RAALDDLQPSQIRVFGLPIRPSFCRAVLVKDDLRKELELDPELPAVLLMGGGEGMGPV KKTAKALGESLFDKELGKPIGQLIVICGRNKTLSSSLQALEWKIPIKVRGFETQMEKW MGACDCIITKAGPGTIAEALIRGLPIILNDFIPGQEVGNVPYVVDNGAGVFSKSSRET AKLVARWFGPDSDELKRMSEKALKLAQPEAVFDIVRDIHELSREQGVISQISSSLTSS FFIPSPETTPIQLM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2..239#766..793#1770..1931#2033..2174#2591..2815#2920..2982#3088..3162#3469..3756#actcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgtcggcggggcgcgcgcgaggggagggcggggcgtcctcgtcggcgtccaccacctcgctgtgtggccccgacgaggacgacgagcccttctgggaggaggaggagggcaccgtcgagctcgtccagctcggcgccaaccgggctaagaacgtgctcatcctcatgagcgacaccggcggcggccaccgcgcctccgccgaggctatcaaggacgccttccgcatcgagttcggcgacgattaccgggtgcgcggcctcctttttttttttttgctgctgtcgtctcgtgtgaaatcggcatggtagcgtaggctggaatctggccattgggaacacaagggttttgatttgttgtgctcgggattggcgttgtggcaggtcttcgtcaaggatctgtgcaaggatcacgcggggtggccgctgaacaacatggagagctcgtacaagttcatggtgaagcatgtgcagctatggaaggtggccttccacaccacatcgccgagatgggtccattgcttctacctcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagtacgccggatacttccctttcacggctcagcaatgtttttttaaaaaaaaaatcttactagaatgtttcattgtttcactgacagctttggcgatttgtgtttttcgtagttacgaattgttgttttttttttctgttgtttgctgcttccttggattgctaatcgctcatctaattgcagatttttgcaatggttcagcagttttgtcattatcgactaggcttataatttactctagagaagttttattagtgctagatattagcccgtgatgttacaggattagttttatattgccaattcttgagtgcaatcttcaactgtgaggttcttctttgacttgggatgctaaaatatctgttctgaatccatcgtaccacatagtgcgagtagtttgcttgaaatgcaaatctgaatatatggtaatattgagccgagatatgcaaccatgttggatctgttgaaccagagggttggagacaggaccagagagcatttcagaaaattcaattcctgccctgtgcatctacccaacatgcccacttggtcatcactcatatgctttcagaattgccagtctgtcctcgcataaaattgtttccaggtcatgatccacatattatgcatcataatagcacatgcaaactgttcatttgttggatcgctgtcagttctgtctaattccatgcttcagcaatctctgccaaccaattgacagtatagtcaatttaatatgtccgttcaagttttggatctattccgatgttgccattgattatatttgttgttagcgttctatgatcgaaattgcttcgagaaggcatcaaactaatgtaaaacagttcatttatagctctaacttgtggacccatgatcttaagctcatcgacccattatgtgtgtgagactttttctttacatcaagatggtacatggaacaccttttctgaatagcttattgtttgtgggtgaaggaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggtacgtggaggctatccataagaaaaaacctggttatcttcttctgcaaaaacaattgtttctgttcaaaccattgaattaatcaatcggaaacattacaggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggtatgtgctccttatttaacttcaggactgttattccgatgcctgcgaattttttgtttcatatttgatctctcaaaaggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttacttgatctttcaataggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttatttgatcttgcagaatgtataggttatttatgcttttttatttaacatgcttaatgaatgctcttatcatggatttgtgctttgattaattgcaagcatgcataccccaaaagcattgctttaaatttaggatgtccattgactatattttaaaggaaaaatgacaaatttatgatagtgtggctgtacaatgatacacatcttaatacaaatgtgtagtatgcttttctatccactcaagtgttactttttttttaaaccaactcaccaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggtatatgatagaaacgtgtgtttataataattctttttaagatgcagactgcttatcctcctatgttgaaacacatgttccttatcgacttcttttaacaaaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggtatatccatgacattctatgattgttagcacgttatttcatacaaagatctctgtgtcattcttaaatcttaaatgttttttatgtttttatttgtctcaataggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggttagggtctactaactttccgcggttattataaaagaacggtacgaatgtacatctatgttttatatggttattgactttgtggaccatacatatttaatactacaagggtgaatctcatgaaagttttatacgttaaataaaaaagatgtgtatgtgttttagaacttatttgtagcgtcagtgacactaatgttatgcagtgcacaaaataaatgattttttatcaagtgcgatatacagtatgtagcagttatatgatcacccagtggacatcatctaatgtaagtttgttctgcatggcaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtgaaaaatccgtgtatagctagaactgcattctttgacctcgtgaaatttgcctttgtcctacaatgtcctgaaaaagaaaaatatgtcaatggatttagctggtttgtttcatctgtctcacggcgttgggatgaggtaagcaggatttcgactgcttttcagtttgtggtctctcatggtagttatgggcttgtttgactgacagctgctcttgtgtaatatccatattcggtttttgttaaaatcattcgttcatatgattttttttaaaaaatcctgtcgtcctttgttcagagggaccagcgatgggctgcaaattgtacactgttagttgatgttggaaagtttaaacctctcgacttgtaacatatccattcatgtaagatccatcgtgactgtaaagtgtatgagacaatgacaaattgtgctagtgagagagtcatgtgcttgttgaagg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001054958.1 RefSeq:Os02g0802700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0802700

2014-06-09T11:09:45Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Labs working on this gene */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===

OsMGD play an important role in coping various stresses for plants, which also provide us a possible approach to enhance plant multiple stresses tolerance.The enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.
The full length of OsMGD cDNA was amplified using 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and found to consist of 1,671 bp with an
open reading frame of 1,077 bp (181-1257) encoding 358 amino acids.
The overexpression of OsMGD improves salt tolerance in tobacco and that galactolipids, MGDG and DGDG play an important role in the regulation of chloroplast structure and function in the plant salt stress response.

===Expression===
OsMGD encodes monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase (UDPgalactose: 1,2-diacylglycerol 3-β-D-galactosyl transferase; EC 2.4.1.46, MGDG synthase)
Time-course studies showed that the expression of OsMGD in the rice cultivars FR13A and IR42 (submergence-susceptive cultivar) during submergence was gradually increased and that expression in FR13A was higher than in IR42. The expression of OsMGD in FR13A was influenced by benzyladenine and illumination. The accumulation of OsMGD mRNA in both FR13A and IR42 was also increased by ethephon, gibberellin, drought and salt treatment, but cold stress had no effect on the expression of the gene. These results suggest that the expression of OsMGD mRNA requires benzyladenine or illumination, and that the process is also mediated by ethephon and gibberellin. Salt and drought stress have an effect similar to that of submergence. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama-cho, Minami 4-101,
Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University,
Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University.
Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan.
Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Huajiachi Campus, Hangzhou, 310029, People’s Republic of China

==References==
Please input cited references here.
Cloning of a putative monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase gene from rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants and its expression in response to submergence and other stresses.Yanhua Qi, Yasuo Yamauchi, Jianqun Ling, Naoyoshi Kawano, Debao Li, Kiyoshi Tanaka Planta, 2004, 219(3): 450-458.
Maintenance of chloroplast structure and function by overexpression of the OsMGD gene leads to enhanced salt tolerance in tobacco. Shiwen Wang,Md. Imtiaz Uddin, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Lina Yin, Zhonghui Shi,Yanhua QiJun'ichi Mano,Kenji Matsui,Norihiro Shimomura,Takeshi Sakaki5,Xiping Deng1and Suiqi Zhang1.
Expression and subcellular localization of antiporter regulating protein OsARP in rice induced by submergence, salt and drought stresses. Md Imtiaz Uddin1, Maki Kihara1, Lina Yin, Mst Farida Perveen and Kiyoshi Tanaka.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0802700|
Description = Similar to MGDG synthase type A|
Version = NM_001054958.1 GI:115449286 GeneID:4331045|
Length = 4212 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0802700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:35110098..35114309|
CDS = 35110099..35110336,35110863..35110890,35111867..35112028,35112130..35112271,35112688..35112912 ,35113017..35113079,35113185..35113259,35113566..35113853|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ctcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>LASPILNSLLSLSRRRRPPPQRGLVSLGGDGGVVVVVVVDGVAE GEVDPGDGAGDGGGVPPAAEDEAQVQEEPLLRGGAVAALASFYAKKVEAGLKKYKPDI IISVHPLMQHIPLWVLKWQGLQNRVVFVTVITDLNTCHPTWFHADVNRCYCPSEEVAK RAALDDLQPSQIRVFGLPIRPSFCRAVLVKDDLRKELELDPELPAVLLMGGGEGMGPV KKTAKALGESLFDKELGKPIGQLIVICGRNKTLSSSLQALEWKIPIKVRGFETQMEKW MGACDCIITKAGPGTIAEALIRGLPIILNDFIPGQEVGNVPYVVDNGAGVFSKSSRET AKLVARWFGPDSDELKRMSEKALKLAQPEAVFDIVRDIHELSREQGVISQISSSLTSS FFIPSPETTPIQLM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2..239#766..793#1770..1931#2033..2174#2591..2815#2920..2982#3088..3162#3469..3756#actcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgtcggcggggcgcgcgcgaggggagggcggggcgtcctcgtcggcgtccaccacctcgctgtgtggccccgacgaggacgacgagcccttctgggaggaggaggagggcaccgtcgagctcgtccagctcggcgccaaccgggctaagaacgtgctcatcctcatgagcgacaccggcggcggccaccgcgcctccgccgaggctatcaaggacgccttccgcatcgagttcggcgacgattaccgggtgcgcggcctcctttttttttttttgctgctgtcgtctcgtgtgaaatcggcatggtagcgtaggctggaatctggccattgggaacacaagggttttgatttgttgtgctcgggattggcgttgtggcaggtcttcgtcaaggatctgtgcaaggatcacgcggggtggccgctgaacaacatggagagctcgtacaagttcatggtgaagcatgtgcagctatggaaggtggccttccacaccacatcgccgagatgggtccattgcttctacctcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagtacgccggatacttccctttcacggctcagcaatgtttttttaaaaaaaaaatcttactagaatgtttcattgtttcactgacagctttggcgatttgtgtttttcgtagttacgaattgttgttttttttttctgttgtttgctgcttccttggattgctaatcgctcatctaattgcagatttttgcaatggttcagcagttttgtcattatcgactaggcttataatttactctagagaagttttattagtgctagatattagcccgtgatgttacaggattagttttatattgccaattcttgagtgcaatcttcaactgtgaggttcttctttgacttgggatgctaaaatatctgttctgaatccatcgtaccacatagtgcgagtagtttgcttgaaatgcaaatctgaatatatggtaatattgagccgagatatgcaaccatgttggatctgttgaaccagagggttggagacaggaccagagagcatttcagaaaattcaattcctgccctgtgcatctacccaacatgcccacttggtcatcactcatatgctttcagaattgccagtctgtcctcgcataaaattgtttccaggtcatgatccacatattatgcatcataatagcacatgcaaactgttcatttgttggatcgctgtcagttctgtctaattccatgcttcagcaatctctgccaaccaattgacagtatagtcaatttaatatgtccgttcaagttttggatctattccgatgttgccattgattatatttgttgttagcgttctatgatcgaaattgcttcgagaaggcatcaaactaatgtaaaacagttcatttatagctctaacttgtggacccatgatcttaagctcatcgacccattatgtgtgtgagactttttctttacatcaagatggtacatggaacaccttttctgaatagcttattgtttgtgggtgaaggaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggtacgtggaggctatccataagaaaaaacctggttatcttcttctgcaaaaacaattgtttctgttcaaaccattgaattaatcaatcggaaacattacaggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggtatgtgctccttatttaacttcaggactgttattccgatgcctgcgaattttttgtttcatatttgatctctcaaaaggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttacttgatctttcaataggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttatttgatcttgcagaatgtataggttatttatgcttttttatttaacatgcttaatgaatgctcttatcatggatttgtgctttgattaattgcaagcatgcataccccaaaagcattgctttaaatttaggatgtccattgactatattttaaaggaaaaatgacaaatttatgatagtgtggctgtacaatgatacacatcttaatacaaatgtgtagtatgcttttctatccactcaagtgttactttttttttaaaccaactcaccaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggtatatgatagaaacgtgtgtttataataattctttttaagatgcagactgcttatcctcctatgttgaaacacatgttccttatcgacttcttttaacaaaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggtatatccatgacattctatgattgttagcacgttatttcatacaaagatctctgtgtcattcttaaatcttaaatgttttttatgtttttatttgtctcaataggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggttagggtctactaactttccgcggttattataaaagaacggtacgaatgtacatctatgttttatatggttattgactttgtggaccatacatatttaatactacaagggtgaatctcatgaaagttttatacgttaaataaaaaagatgtgtatgtgttttagaacttatttgtagcgtcagtgacactaatgttatgcagtgcacaaaataaatgattttttatcaagtgcgatatacagtatgtagcagttatatgatcacccagtggacatcatctaatgtaagtttgttctgcatggcaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtgaaaaatccgtgtatagctagaactgcattctttgacctcgtgaaatttgcctttgtcctacaatgtcctgaaaaagaaaaatatgtcaatggatttagctggtttgtttcatctgtctcacggcgttgggatgaggtaagcaggatttcgactgcttttcagtttgtggtctctcatggtagttatgggcttgtttgactgacagctgctcttgtgtaatatccatattcggtttttgttaaaatcattcgttcatatgattttttttaaaaaatcctgtcgtcctttgttcagagggaccagcgatgggctgcaaattgtacactgttagttgatgttggaaagtttaaacctctcgacttgtaacatatccattcatgtaagatccatcgtgactgtaaagtgtatgagacaatgacaaattgtgctagtgagagagtcatgtgcttgttgaagg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001054958.1 RefSeq:Os02g0802700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0802700

2014-06-09T11:01:30Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Function */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===

OsMGD play an important role in coping various stresses for plants, which also provide us a possible approach to enhance plant multiple stresses tolerance.The enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.
The full length of OsMGD cDNA was amplified using 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and found to consist of 1,671 bp with an
open reading frame of 1,077 bp (181-1257) encoding 358 amino acids.
The overexpression of OsMGD improves salt tolerance in tobacco and that galactolipids, MGDG and DGDG play an important role in the regulation of chloroplast structure and function in the plant salt stress response.

===Expression===
OsMGD encodes monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase (UDPgalactose: 1,2-diacylglycerol 3-β-D-galactosyl transferase; EC 2.4.1.46, MGDG synthase)
Time-course studies showed that the expression of OsMGD in the rice cultivars FR13A and IR42 (submergence-susceptive cultivar) during submergence was gradually increased and that expression in FR13A was higher than in IR42. The expression of OsMGD in FR13A was influenced by benzyladenine and illumination. The accumulation of OsMGD mRNA in both FR13A and IR42 was also increased by ethephon, gibberellin, drought and salt treatment, but cold stress had no effect on the expression of the gene. These results suggest that the expression of OsMGD mRNA requires benzyladenine or illumination, and that the process is also mediated by ethephon and gibberellin. Salt and drought stress have an effect similar to that of submergence. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
Please input cited references here.
Cloning of a putative monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase gene from rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants and its expression in response to submergence and other stresses.Yanhua Qi, Yasuo Yamauchi, Jianqun Ling, Naoyoshi Kawano, Debao Li, Kiyoshi Tanaka Planta, 2004, 219(3): 450-458.
Maintenance of chloroplast structure and function by overexpression of the OsMGD gene leads to enhanced salt tolerance in tobacco. Shiwen Wang,Md. Imtiaz Uddin, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Lina Yin, Zhonghui Shi,Yanhua QiJun'ichi Mano,Kenji Matsui,Norihiro Shimomura,Takeshi Sakaki5,Xiping Deng1and Suiqi Zhang1.
Expression and subcellular localization of antiporter regulating protein OsARP in rice induced by submergence, salt and drought stresses. Md Imtiaz Uddin1, Maki Kihara1, Lina Yin, Mst Farida Perveen and Kiyoshi Tanaka.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0802700|
Description = Similar to MGDG synthase type A|
Version = NM_001054958.1 GI:115449286 GeneID:4331045|
Length = 4212 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0802700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:35110098..35114309|
CDS = 35110099..35110336,35110863..35110890,35111867..35112028,35112130..35112271,35112688..35112912 ,35113017..35113079,35113185..35113259,35113566..35113853|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ctcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>LASPILNSLLSLSRRRRPPPQRGLVSLGGDGGVVVVVVVDGVAE GEVDPGDGAGDGGGVPPAAEDEAQVQEEPLLRGGAVAALASFYAKKVEAGLKKYKPDI IISVHPLMQHIPLWVLKWQGLQNRVVFVTVITDLNTCHPTWFHADVNRCYCPSEEVAK RAALDDLQPSQIRVFGLPIRPSFCRAVLVKDDLRKELELDPELPAVLLMGGGEGMGPV KKTAKALGESLFDKELGKPIGQLIVICGRNKTLSSSLQALEWKIPIKVRGFETQMEKW MGACDCIITKAGPGTIAEALIRGLPIILNDFIPGQEVGNVPYVVDNGAGVFSKSSRET AKLVARWFGPDSDELKRMSEKALKLAQPEAVFDIVRDIHELSREQGVISQISSSLTSS FFIPSPETTPIQLM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2..239#766..793#1770..1931#2033..2174#2591..2815#2920..2982#3088..3162#3469..3756#actcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgtcggcggggcgcgcgcgaggggagggcggggcgtcctcgtcggcgtccaccacctcgctgtgtggccccgacgaggacgacgagcccttctgggaggaggaggagggcaccgtcgagctcgtccagctcggcgccaaccgggctaagaacgtgctcatcctcatgagcgacaccggcggcggccaccgcgcctccgccgaggctatcaaggacgccttccgcatcgagttcggcgacgattaccgggtgcgcggcctcctttttttttttttgctgctgtcgtctcgtgtgaaatcggcatggtagcgtaggctggaatctggccattgggaacacaagggttttgatttgttgtgctcgggattggcgttgtggcaggtcttcgtcaaggatctgtgcaaggatcacgcggggtggccgctgaacaacatggagagctcgtacaagttcatggtgaagcatgtgcagctatggaaggtggccttccacaccacatcgccgagatgggtccattgcttctacctcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagtacgccggatacttccctttcacggctcagcaatgtttttttaaaaaaaaaatcttactagaatgtttcattgtttcactgacagctttggcgatttgtgtttttcgtagttacgaattgttgttttttttttctgttgtttgctgcttccttggattgctaatcgctcatctaattgcagatttttgcaatggttcagcagttttgtcattatcgactaggcttataatttactctagagaagttttattagtgctagatattagcccgtgatgttacaggattagttttatattgccaattcttgagtgcaatcttcaactgtgaggttcttctttgacttgggatgctaaaatatctgttctgaatccatcgtaccacatagtgcgagtagtttgcttgaaatgcaaatctgaatatatggtaatattgagccgagatatgcaaccatgttggatctgttgaaccagagggttggagacaggaccagagagcatttcagaaaattcaattcctgccctgtgcatctacccaacatgcccacttggtcatcactcatatgctttcagaattgccagtctgtcctcgcataaaattgtttccaggtcatgatccacatattatgcatcataatagcacatgcaaactgttcatttgttggatcgctgtcagttctgtctaattccatgcttcagcaatctctgccaaccaattgacagtatagtcaatttaatatgtccgttcaagttttggatctattccgatgttgccattgattatatttgttgttagcgttctatgatcgaaattgcttcgagaaggcatcaaactaatgtaaaacagttcatttatagctctaacttgtggacccatgatcttaagctcatcgacccattatgtgtgtgagactttttctttacatcaagatggtacatggaacaccttttctgaatagcttattgtttgtgggtgaaggaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggtacgtggaggctatccataagaaaaaacctggttatcttcttctgcaaaaacaattgtttctgttcaaaccattgaattaatcaatcggaaacattacaggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggtatgtgctccttatttaacttcaggactgttattccgatgcctgcgaattttttgtttcatatttgatctctcaaaaggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttacttgatctttcaataggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttatttgatcttgcagaatgtataggttatttatgcttttttatttaacatgcttaatgaatgctcttatcatggatttgtgctttgattaattgcaagcatgcataccccaaaagcattgctttaaatttaggatgtccattgactatattttaaaggaaaaatgacaaatttatgatagtgtggctgtacaatgatacacatcttaatacaaatgtgtagtatgcttttctatccactcaagtgttactttttttttaaaccaactcaccaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggtatatgatagaaacgtgtgtttataataattctttttaagatgcagactgcttatcctcctatgttgaaacacatgttccttatcgacttcttttaacaaaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggtatatccatgacattctatgattgttagcacgttatttcatacaaagatctctgtgtcattcttaaatcttaaatgttttttatgtttttatttgtctcaataggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggttagggtctactaactttccgcggttattataaaagaacggtacgaatgtacatctatgttttatatggttattgactttgtggaccatacatatttaatactacaagggtgaatctcatgaaagttttatacgttaaataaaaaagatgtgtatgtgttttagaacttatttgtagcgtcagtgacactaatgttatgcagtgcacaaaataaatgattttttatcaagtgcgatatacagtatgtagcagttatatgatcacccagtggacatcatctaatgtaagtttgttctgcatggcaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtgaaaaatccgtgtatagctagaactgcattctttgacctcgtgaaatttgcctttgtcctacaatgtcctgaaaaagaaaaatatgtcaatggatttagctggtttgtttcatctgtctcacggcgttgggatgaggtaagcaggatttcgactgcttttcagtttgtggtctctcatggtagttatgggcttgtttgactgacagctgctcttgtgtaatatccatattcggtttttgttaaaatcattcgttcatatgattttttttaaaaaatcctgtcgtcctttgttcagagggaccagcgatgggctgcaaattgtacactgttagttgatgttggaaagtttaaacctctcgacttgtaacatatccattcatgtaagatccatcgtgactgtaaagtgtatgagacaatgacaaattgtgctagtgagagagtcatgtgcttgttgaagg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001054958.1 RefSeq:Os02g0802700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0802700

2014-06-09T10:56:11Z

Sunxiaodui: /* References */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===

OsMGD play an important role in coping various stresses for plants, which also provide us a possible approach to enhance plant multiple stresses tolerance.The enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.
The full length of OsMGD cDNA was amplified using 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and found to consist of 1,671 bp with an open reading frame of 1,077 bp (181-1257) encoding 358 amino acids.

===Expression===
OsMGD encodes monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase (UDPgalactose: 1,2-diacylglycerol 3-β-D-galactosyl transferase; EC 2.4.1.46, MGDG synthase)
Time-course studies showed that the expression of OsMGD in the rice cultivars FR13A and IR42 (submergence-susceptive cultivar) during submergence was gradually increased and that expression in FR13A was higher than in IR42. The expression of OsMGD in FR13A was influenced by benzyladenine and illumination. The accumulation of OsMGD mRNA in both FR13A and IR42 was also increased by ethephon, gibberellin, drought and salt treatment, but cold stress had no effect on the expression of the gene. These results suggest that the expression of OsMGD mRNA requires benzyladenine or illumination, and that the process is also mediated by ethephon and gibberellin. Salt and drought stress have an effect similar to that of submergence. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
Please input cited references here.
Cloning of a putative monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase gene from rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants and its expression in response to submergence and other stresses.Yanhua Qi, Yasuo Yamauchi, Jianqun Ling, Naoyoshi Kawano, Debao Li, Kiyoshi Tanaka Planta, 2004, 219(3): 450-458.
Maintenance of chloroplast structure and function by overexpression of the OsMGD gene leads to enhanced salt tolerance in tobacco. Shiwen Wang,Md. Imtiaz Uddin, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Lina Yin, Zhonghui Shi,Yanhua QiJun'ichi Mano,Kenji Matsui,Norihiro Shimomura,Takeshi Sakaki5,Xiping Deng1and Suiqi Zhang1.
Expression and subcellular localization of antiporter regulating protein OsARP in rice induced by submergence, salt and drought stresses. Md Imtiaz Uddin1, Maki Kihara1, Lina Yin, Mst Farida Perveen and Kiyoshi Tanaka.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0802700|
Description = Similar to MGDG synthase type A|
Version = NM_001054958.1 GI:115449286 GeneID:4331045|
Length = 4212 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0802700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:35110098..35114309|
CDS = 35110099..35110336,35110863..35110890,35111867..35112028,35112130..35112271,35112688..35112912 ,35113017..35113079,35113185..35113259,35113566..35113853|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ctcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>LASPILNSLLSLSRRRRPPPQRGLVSLGGDGGVVVVVVVDGVAE GEVDPGDGAGDGGGVPPAAEDEAQVQEEPLLRGGAVAALASFYAKKVEAGLKKYKPDI IISVHPLMQHIPLWVLKWQGLQNRVVFVTVITDLNTCHPTWFHADVNRCYCPSEEVAK RAALDDLQPSQIRVFGLPIRPSFCRAVLVKDDLRKELELDPELPAVLLMGGGEGMGPV KKTAKALGESLFDKELGKPIGQLIVICGRNKTLSSSLQALEWKIPIKVRGFETQMEKW MGACDCIITKAGPGTIAEALIRGLPIILNDFIPGQEVGNVPYVVDNGAGVFSKSSRET AKLVARWFGPDSDELKRMSEKALKLAQPEAVFDIVRDIHELSREQGVISQISSSLTSS FFIPSPETTPIQLM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2..239#766..793#1770..1931#2033..2174#2591..2815#2920..2982#3088..3162#3469..3756#actcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgtcggcggggcgcgcgcgaggggagggcggggcgtcctcgtcggcgtccaccacctcgctgtgtggccccgacgaggacgacgagcccttctgggaggaggaggagggcaccgtcgagctcgtccagctcggcgccaaccgggctaagaacgtgctcatcctcatgagcgacaccggcggcggccaccgcgcctccgccgaggctatcaaggacgccttccgcatcgagttcggcgacgattaccgggtgcgcggcctcctttttttttttttgctgctgtcgtctcgtgtgaaatcggcatggtagcgtaggctggaatctggccattgggaacacaagggttttgatttgttgtgctcgggattggcgttgtggcaggtcttcgtcaaggatctgtgcaaggatcacgcggggtggccgctgaacaacatggagagctcgtacaagttcatggtgaagcatgtgcagctatggaaggtggccttccacaccacatcgccgagatgggtccattgcttctacctcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagtacgccggatacttccctttcacggctcagcaatgtttttttaaaaaaaaaatcttactagaatgtttcattgtttcactgacagctttggcgatttgtgtttttcgtagttacgaattgttgttttttttttctgttgtttgctgcttccttggattgctaatcgctcatctaattgcagatttttgcaatggttcagcagttttgtcattatcgactaggcttataatttactctagagaagttttattagtgctagatattagcccgtgatgttacaggattagttttatattgccaattcttgagtgcaatcttcaactgtgaggttcttctttgacttgggatgctaaaatatctgttctgaatccatcgtaccacatagtgcgagtagtttgcttgaaatgcaaatctgaatatatggtaatattgagccgagatatgcaaccatgttggatctgttgaaccagagggttggagacaggaccagagagcatttcagaaaattcaattcctgccctgtgcatctacccaacatgcccacttggtcatcactcatatgctttcagaattgccagtctgtcctcgcataaaattgtttccaggtcatgatccacatattatgcatcataatagcacatgcaaactgttcatttgttggatcgctgtcagttctgtctaattccatgcttcagcaatctctgccaaccaattgacagtatagtcaatttaatatgtccgttcaagttttggatctattccgatgttgccattgattatatttgttgttagcgttctatgatcgaaattgcttcgagaaggcatcaaactaatgtaaaacagttcatttatagctctaacttgtggacccatgatcttaagctcatcgacccattatgtgtgtgagactttttctttacatcaagatggtacatggaacaccttttctgaatagcttattgtttgtgggtgaaggaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggtacgtggaggctatccataagaaaaaacctggttatcttcttctgcaaaaacaattgtttctgttcaaaccattgaattaatcaatcggaaacattacaggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggtatgtgctccttatttaacttcaggactgttattccgatgcctgcgaattttttgtttcatatttgatctctcaaaaggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttacttgatctttcaataggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttatttgatcttgcagaatgtataggttatttatgcttttttatttaacatgcttaatgaatgctcttatcatggatttgtgctttgattaattgcaagcatgcataccccaaaagcattgctttaaatttaggatgtccattgactatattttaaaggaaaaatgacaaatttatgatagtgtggctgtacaatgatacacatcttaatacaaatgtgtagtatgcttttctatccactcaagtgttactttttttttaaaccaactcaccaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggtatatgatagaaacgtgtgtttataataattctttttaagatgcagactgcttatcctcctatgttgaaacacatgttccttatcgacttcttttaacaaaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggtatatccatgacattctatgattgttagcacgttatttcatacaaagatctctgtgtcattcttaaatcttaaatgttttttatgtttttatttgtctcaataggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggttagggtctactaactttccgcggttattataaaagaacggtacgaatgtacatctatgttttatatggttattgactttgtggaccatacatatttaatactacaagggtgaatctcatgaaagttttatacgttaaataaaaaagatgtgtatgtgttttagaacttatttgtagcgtcagtgacactaatgttatgcagtgcacaaaataaatgattttttatcaagtgcgatatacagtatgtagcagttatatgatcacccagtggacatcatctaatgtaagtttgttctgcatggcaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtgaaaaatccgtgtatagctagaactgcattctttgacctcgtgaaatttgcctttgtcctacaatgtcctgaaaaagaaaaatatgtcaatggatttagctggtttgtttcatctgtctcacggcgttgggatgaggtaagcaggatttcgactgcttttcagtttgtggtctctcatggtagttatgggcttgtttgactgacagctgctcttgtgtaatatccatattcggtttttgttaaaatcattcgttcatatgattttttttaaaaaatcctgtcgtcctttgttcagagggaccagcgatgggctgcaaattgtacactgttagttgatgttggaaagtttaaacctctcgacttgtaacatatccattcatgtaagatccatcgtgactgtaaagtgtatgagacaatgacaaattgtgctagtgagagagtcatgtgcttgttgaagg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001054958.1 RefSeq:Os02g0802700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0802700

2014-06-09T10:42:45Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Expression */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===

OsMGD play an important role in coping various stresses for plants, which also provide us a possible approach to enhance plant multiple stresses tolerance.The enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.
The full length of OsMGD cDNA was amplified using 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and found to consist of 1,671 bp with an open reading frame of 1,077 bp (181-1257) encoding 358 amino acids.

===Expression===
OsMGD encodes monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase (UDPgalactose: 1,2-diacylglycerol 3-β-D-galactosyl transferase; EC 2.4.1.46, MGDG synthase)
Time-course studies showed that the expression of OsMGD in the rice cultivars FR13A and IR42 (submergence-susceptive cultivar) during submergence was gradually increased and that expression in FR13A was higher than in IR42. The expression of OsMGD in FR13A was influenced by benzyladenine and illumination. The accumulation of OsMGD mRNA in both FR13A and IR42 was also increased by ethephon, gibberellin, drought and salt treatment, but cold stress had no effect on the expression of the gene. These results suggest that the expression of OsMGD mRNA requires benzyladenine or illumination, and that the process is also mediated by ethephon and gibberellin. Salt and drought stress have an effect similar to that of submergence. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0802700|
Description = Similar to MGDG synthase type A|
Version = NM_001054958.1 GI:115449286 GeneID:4331045|
Length = 4212 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0802700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:35110098..35114309|
CDS = 35110099..35110336,35110863..35110890,35111867..35112028,35112130..35112271,35112688..35112912 ,35113017..35113079,35113185..35113259,35113566..35113853|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ctcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>LASPILNSLLSLSRRRRPPPQRGLVSLGGDGGVVVVVVVDGVAE GEVDPGDGAGDGGGVPPAAEDEAQVQEEPLLRGGAVAALASFYAKKVEAGLKKYKPDI IISVHPLMQHIPLWVLKWQGLQNRVVFVTVITDLNTCHPTWFHADVNRCYCPSEEVAK RAALDDLQPSQIRVFGLPIRPSFCRAVLVKDDLRKELELDPELPAVLLMGGGEGMGPV KKTAKALGESLFDKELGKPIGQLIVICGRNKTLSSSLQALEWKIPIKVRGFETQMEKW MGACDCIITKAGPGTIAEALIRGLPIILNDFIPGQEVGNVPYVVDNGAGVFSKSSRET AKLVARWFGPDSDELKRMSEKALKLAQPEAVFDIVRDIHELSREQGVISQISSSLTSS FFIPSPETTPIQLM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2..239#766..793#1770..1931#2033..2174#2591..2815#2920..2982#3088..3162#3469..3756#actcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgtcggcggggcgcgcgcgaggggagggcggggcgtcctcgtcggcgtccaccacctcgctgtgtggccccgacgaggacgacgagcccttctgggaggaggaggagggcaccgtcgagctcgtccagctcggcgccaaccgggctaagaacgtgctcatcctcatgagcgacaccggcggcggccaccgcgcctccgccgaggctatcaaggacgccttccgcatcgagttcggcgacgattaccgggtgcgcggcctcctttttttttttttgctgctgtcgtctcgtgtgaaatcggcatggtagcgtaggctggaatctggccattgggaacacaagggttttgatttgttgtgctcgggattggcgttgtggcaggtcttcgtcaaggatctgtgcaaggatcacgcggggtggccgctgaacaacatggagagctcgtacaagttcatggtgaagcatgtgcagctatggaaggtggccttccacaccacatcgccgagatgggtccattgcttctacctcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagtacgccggatacttccctttcacggctcagcaatgtttttttaaaaaaaaaatcttactagaatgtttcattgtttcactgacagctttggcgatttgtgtttttcgtagttacgaattgttgttttttttttctgttgtttgctgcttccttggattgctaatcgctcatctaattgcagatttttgcaatggttcagcagttttgtcattatcgactaggcttataatttactctagagaagttttattagtgctagatattagcccgtgatgttacaggattagttttatattgccaattcttgagtgcaatcttcaactgtgaggttcttctttgacttgggatgctaaaatatctgttctgaatccatcgtaccacatagtgcgagtagtttgcttgaaatgcaaatctgaatatatggtaatattgagccgagatatgcaaccatgttggatctgttgaaccagagggttggagacaggaccagagagcatttcagaaaattcaattcctgccctgtgcatctacccaacatgcccacttggtcatcactcatatgctttcagaattgccagtctgtcctcgcataaaattgtttccaggtcatgatccacatattatgcatcataatagcacatgcaaactgttcatttgttggatcgctgtcagttctgtctaattccatgcttcagcaatctctgccaaccaattgacagtatagtcaatttaatatgtccgttcaagttttggatctattccgatgttgccattgattatatttgttgttagcgttctatgatcgaaattgcttcgagaaggcatcaaactaatgtaaaacagttcatttatagctctaacttgtggacccatgatcttaagctcatcgacccattatgtgtgtgagactttttctttacatcaagatggtacatggaacaccttttctgaatagcttattgtttgtgggtgaaggaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggtacgtggaggctatccataagaaaaaacctggttatcttcttctgcaaaaacaattgtttctgttcaaaccattgaattaatcaatcggaaacattacaggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggtatgtgctccttatttaacttcaggactgttattccgatgcctgcgaattttttgtttcatatttgatctctcaaaaggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttacttgatctttcaataggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttatttgatcttgcagaatgtataggttatttatgcttttttatttaacatgcttaatgaatgctcttatcatggatttgtgctttgattaattgcaagcatgcataccccaaaagcattgctttaaatttaggatgtccattgactatattttaaaggaaaaatgacaaatttatgatagtgtggctgtacaatgatacacatcttaatacaaatgtgtagtatgcttttctatccactcaagtgttactttttttttaaaccaactcaccaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggtatatgatagaaacgtgtgtttataataattctttttaagatgcagactgcttatcctcctatgttgaaacacatgttccttatcgacttcttttaacaaaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggtatatccatgacattctatgattgttagcacgttatttcatacaaagatctctgtgtcattcttaaatcttaaatgttttttatgtttttatttgtctcaataggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggttagggtctactaactttccgcggttattataaaagaacggtacgaatgtacatctatgttttatatggttattgactttgtggaccatacatatttaatactacaagggtgaatctcatgaaagttttatacgttaaataaaaaagatgtgtatgtgttttagaacttatttgtagcgtcagtgacactaatgttatgcagtgcacaaaataaatgattttttatcaagtgcgatatacagtatgtagcagttatatgatcacccagtggacatcatctaatgtaagtttgttctgcatggcaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtgaaaaatccgtgtatagctagaactgcattctttgacctcgtgaaatttgcctttgtcctacaatgtcctgaaaaagaaaaatatgtcaatggatttagctggtttgtttcatctgtctcacggcgttgggatgaggtaagcaggatttcgactgcttttcagtttgtggtctctcatggtagttatgggcttgtttgactgacagctgctcttgtgtaatatccatattcggtttttgttaaaatcattcgttcatatgattttttttaaaaaatcctgtcgtcctttgttcagagggaccagcgatgggctgcaaattgtacactgttagttgatgttggaaagtttaaacctctcgacttgtaacatatccattcatgtaagatccatcgtgactgtaaagtgtatgagacaatgacaaattgtgctagtgagagagtcatgtgcttgttgaagg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001054958.1 RefSeq:Os02g0802700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0802700

2014-06-09T09:58:14Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Expression */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===

OsMGD play an important role in coping various stresses for plants, which also provide us a possible approach to enhance plant multiple stresses tolerance.The enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.
The full length of OsMGD cDNA was amplified using 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and found to consist of 1,671 bp with an open reading frame of 1,077 bp (181-1257) encoding 358 amino acids.

===Expression===
OsMGD encodes monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase (UDPgalactose: 1,2-diacylglycerol 3-β-D-galactosyl transferase; EC 2.4.1.46, MGDG synthase)

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0802700|
Description = Similar to MGDG synthase type A|
Version = NM_001054958.1 GI:115449286 GeneID:4331045|
Length = 4212 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0802700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:35110098..35114309|
CDS = 35110099..35110336,35110863..35110890,35111867..35112028,35112130..35112271,35112688..35112912 ,35113017..35113079,35113185..35113259,35113566..35113853|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ctcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>LASPILNSLLSLSRRRRPPPQRGLVSLGGDGGVVVVVVVDGVAE GEVDPGDGAGDGGGVPPAAEDEAQVQEEPLLRGGAVAALASFYAKKVEAGLKKYKPDI IISVHPLMQHIPLWVLKWQGLQNRVVFVTVITDLNTCHPTWFHADVNRCYCPSEEVAK RAALDDLQPSQIRVFGLPIRPSFCRAVLVKDDLRKELELDPELPAVLLMGGGEGMGPV KKTAKALGESLFDKELGKPIGQLIVICGRNKTLSSSLQALEWKIPIKVRGFETQMEKW MGACDCIITKAGPGTIAEALIRGLPIILNDFIPGQEVGNVPYVVDNGAGVFSKSSRET AKLVARWFGPDSDELKRMSEKALKLAQPEAVFDIVRDIHELSREQGVISQISSSLTSS FFIPSPETTPIQLM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2..239#766..793#1770..1931#2033..2174#2591..2815#2920..2982#3088..3162#3469..3756#actcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgtcggcggggcgcgcgcgaggggagggcggggcgtcctcgtcggcgtccaccacctcgctgtgtggccccgacgaggacgacgagcccttctgggaggaggaggagggcaccgtcgagctcgtccagctcggcgccaaccgggctaagaacgtgctcatcctcatgagcgacaccggcggcggccaccgcgcctccgccgaggctatcaaggacgccttccgcatcgagttcggcgacgattaccgggtgcgcggcctcctttttttttttttgctgctgtcgtctcgtgtgaaatcggcatggtagcgtaggctggaatctggccattgggaacacaagggttttgatttgttgtgctcgggattggcgttgtggcaggtcttcgtcaaggatctgtgcaaggatcacgcggggtggccgctgaacaacatggagagctcgtacaagttcatggtgaagcatgtgcagctatggaaggtggccttccacaccacatcgccgagatgggtccattgcttctacctcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagtacgccggatacttccctttcacggctcagcaatgtttttttaaaaaaaaaatcttactagaatgtttcattgtttcactgacagctttggcgatttgtgtttttcgtagttacgaattgttgttttttttttctgttgtttgctgcttccttggattgctaatcgctcatctaattgcagatttttgcaatggttcagcagttttgtcattatcgactaggcttataatttactctagagaagttttattagtgctagatattagcccgtgatgttacaggattagttttatattgccaattcttgagtgcaatcttcaactgtgaggttcttctttgacttgggatgctaaaatatctgttctgaatccatcgtaccacatagtgcgagtagtttgcttgaaatgcaaatctgaatatatggtaatattgagccgagatatgcaaccatgttggatctgttgaaccagagggttggagacaggaccagagagcatttcagaaaattcaattcctgccctgtgcatctacccaacatgcccacttggtcatcactcatatgctttcagaattgccagtctgtcctcgcataaaattgtttccaggtcatgatccacatattatgcatcataatagcacatgcaaactgttcatttgttggatcgctgtcagttctgtctaattccatgcttcagcaatctctgccaaccaattgacagtatagtcaatttaatatgtccgttcaagttttggatctattccgatgttgccattgattatatttgttgttagcgttctatgatcgaaattgcttcgagaaggcatcaaactaatgtaaaacagttcatttatagctctaacttgtggacccatgatcttaagctcatcgacccattatgtgtgtgagactttttctttacatcaagatggtacatggaacaccttttctgaatagcttattgtttgtgggtgaaggaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggtacgtggaggctatccataagaaaaaacctggttatcttcttctgcaaaaacaattgtttctgttcaaaccattgaattaatcaatcggaaacattacaggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggtatgtgctccttatttaacttcaggactgttattccgatgcctgcgaattttttgtttcatatttgatctctcaaaaggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttacttgatctttcaataggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttatttgatcttgcagaatgtataggttatttatgcttttttatttaacatgcttaatgaatgctcttatcatggatttgtgctttgattaattgcaagcatgcataccccaaaagcattgctttaaatttaggatgtccattgactatattttaaaggaaaaatgacaaatttatgatagtgtggctgtacaatgatacacatcttaatacaaatgtgtagtatgcttttctatccactcaagtgttactttttttttaaaccaactcaccaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggtatatgatagaaacgtgtgtttataataattctttttaagatgcagactgcttatcctcctatgttgaaacacatgttccttatcgacttcttttaacaaaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggtatatccatgacattctatgattgttagcacgttatttcatacaaagatctctgtgtcattcttaaatcttaaatgttttttatgtttttatttgtctcaataggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggttagggtctactaactttccgcggttattataaaagaacggtacgaatgtacatctatgttttatatggttattgactttgtggaccatacatatttaatactacaagggtgaatctcatgaaagttttatacgttaaataaaaaagatgtgtatgtgttttagaacttatttgtagcgtcagtgacactaatgttatgcagtgcacaaaataaatgattttttatcaagtgcgatatacagtatgtagcagttatatgatcacccagtggacatcatctaatgtaagtttgttctgcatggcaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtgaaaaatccgtgtatagctagaactgcattctttgacctcgtgaaatttgcctttgtcctacaatgtcctgaaaaagaaaaatatgtcaatggatttagctggtttgtttcatctgtctcacggcgttgggatgaggtaagcaggatttcgactgcttttcagtttgtggtctctcatggtagttatgggcttgtttgactgacagctgctcttgtgtaatatccatattcggtttttgttaaaatcattcgttcatatgattttttttaaaaaatcctgtcgtcctttgttcagagggaccagcgatgggctgcaaattgtacactgttagttgatgttggaaagtttaaacctctcgacttgtaacatatccattcatgtaagatccatcgtgactgtaaagtgtatgagacaatgacaaattgtgctagtgagagagtcatgtgcttgttgaagg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001054958.1 RefSeq:Os02g0802700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0802700

2014-06-09T09:51:13Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Function */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===

OsMGD play an important role in coping various stresses for plants, which also provide us a possible approach to enhance plant multiple stresses tolerance.The enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.
The full length of OsMGD cDNA was amplified using 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and found to consist of 1,671 bp with an open reading frame of 1,077 bp (181-1257) encoding 358 amino acids.

===Expression===
Please input expression information here.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0802700|
Description = Similar to MGDG synthase type A|
Version = NM_001054958.1 GI:115449286 GeneID:4331045|
Length = 4212 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0802700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:35110098..35114309|
CDS = 35110099..35110336,35110863..35110890,35111867..35112028,35112130..35112271,35112688..35112912 ,35113017..35113079,35113185..35113259,35113566..35113853|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ctcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>LASPILNSLLSLSRRRRPPPQRGLVSLGGDGGVVVVVVVDGVAE GEVDPGDGAGDGGGVPPAAEDEAQVQEEPLLRGGAVAALASFYAKKVEAGLKKYKPDI IISVHPLMQHIPLWVLKWQGLQNRVVFVTVITDLNTCHPTWFHADVNRCYCPSEEVAK RAALDDLQPSQIRVFGLPIRPSFCRAVLVKDDLRKELELDPELPAVLLMGGGEGMGPV KKTAKALGESLFDKELGKPIGQLIVICGRNKTLSSSLQALEWKIPIKVRGFETQMEKW MGACDCIITKAGPGTIAEALIRGLPIILNDFIPGQEVGNVPYVVDNGAGVFSKSSRET AKLVARWFGPDSDELKRMSEKALKLAQPEAVFDIVRDIHELSREQGVISQISSSLTSS FFIPSPETTPIQLM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2..239#766..793#1770..1931#2033..2174#2591..2815#2920..2982#3088..3162#3469..3756#actcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgtcggcggggcgcgcgcgaggggagggcggggcgtcctcgtcggcgtccaccacctcgctgtgtggccccgacgaggacgacgagcccttctgggaggaggaggagggcaccgtcgagctcgtccagctcggcgccaaccgggctaagaacgtgctcatcctcatgagcgacaccggcggcggccaccgcgcctccgccgaggctatcaaggacgccttccgcatcgagttcggcgacgattaccgggtgcgcggcctcctttttttttttttgctgctgtcgtctcgtgtgaaatcggcatggtagcgtaggctggaatctggccattgggaacacaagggttttgatttgttgtgctcgggattggcgttgtggcaggtcttcgtcaaggatctgtgcaaggatcacgcggggtggccgctgaacaacatggagagctcgtacaagttcatggtgaagcatgtgcagctatggaaggtggccttccacaccacatcgccgagatgggtccattgcttctacctcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagtacgccggatacttccctttcacggctcagcaatgtttttttaaaaaaaaaatcttactagaatgtttcattgtttcactgacagctttggcgatttgtgtttttcgtagttacgaattgttgttttttttttctgttgtttgctgcttccttggattgctaatcgctcatctaattgcagatttttgcaatggttcagcagttttgtcattatcgactaggcttataatttactctagagaagttttattagtgctagatattagcccgtgatgttacaggattagttttatattgccaattcttgagtgcaatcttcaactgtgaggttcttctttgacttgggatgctaaaatatctgttctgaatccatcgtaccacatagtgcgagtagtttgcttgaaatgcaaatctgaatatatggtaatattgagccgagatatgcaaccatgttggatctgttgaaccagagggttggagacaggaccagagagcatttcagaaaattcaattcctgccctgtgcatctacccaacatgcccacttggtcatcactcatatgctttcagaattgccagtctgtcctcgcataaaattgtttccaggtcatgatccacatattatgcatcataatagcacatgcaaactgttcatttgttggatcgctgtcagttctgtctaattccatgcttcagcaatctctgccaaccaattgacagtatagtcaatttaatatgtccgttcaagttttggatctattccgatgttgccattgattatatttgttgttagcgttctatgatcgaaattgcttcgagaaggcatcaaactaatgtaaaacagttcatttatagctctaacttgtggacccatgatcttaagctcatcgacccattatgtgtgtgagactttttctttacatcaagatggtacatggaacaccttttctgaatagcttattgtttgtgggtgaaggaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggtacgtggaggctatccataagaaaaaacctggttatcttcttctgcaaaaacaattgtttctgttcaaaccattgaattaatcaatcggaaacattacaggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggtatgtgctccttatttaacttcaggactgttattccgatgcctgcgaattttttgtttcatatttgatctctcaaaaggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttacttgatctttcaataggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttatttgatcttgcagaatgtataggttatttatgcttttttatttaacatgcttaatgaatgctcttatcatggatttgtgctttgattaattgcaagcatgcataccccaaaagcattgctttaaatttaggatgtccattgactatattttaaaggaaaaatgacaaatttatgatagtgtggctgtacaatgatacacatcttaatacaaatgtgtagtatgcttttctatccactcaagtgttactttttttttaaaccaactcaccaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggtatatgatagaaacgtgtgtttataataattctttttaagatgcagactgcttatcctcctatgttgaaacacatgttccttatcgacttcttttaacaaaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggtatatccatgacattctatgattgttagcacgttatttcatacaaagatctctgtgtcattcttaaatcttaaatgttttttatgtttttatttgtctcaataggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggttagggtctactaactttccgcggttattataaaagaacggtacgaatgtacatctatgttttatatggttattgactttgtggaccatacatatttaatactacaagggtgaatctcatgaaagttttatacgttaaataaaaaagatgtgtatgtgttttagaacttatttgtagcgtcagtgacactaatgttatgcagtgcacaaaataaatgattttttatcaagtgcgatatacagtatgtagcagttatatgatcacccagtggacatcatctaatgtaagtttgttctgcatggcaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtgaaaaatccgtgtatagctagaactgcattctttgacctcgtgaaatttgcctttgtcctacaatgtcctgaaaaagaaaaatatgtcaatggatttagctggtttgtttcatctgtctcacggcgttgggatgaggtaagcaggatttcgactgcttttcagtttgtggtctctcatggtagttatgggcttgtttgactgacagctgctcttgtgtaatatccatattcggtttttgttaaaatcattcgttcatatgattttttttaaaaaatcctgtcgtcctttgttcagagggaccagcgatgggctgcaaattgtacactgttagttgatgttggaaagtttaaacctctcgacttgtaacatatccattcatgtaagatccatcgtgactgtaaagtgtatgagacaatgacaaattgtgctagtgagagagtcatgtgcttgttgaagg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001054958.1 RefSeq:Os02g0802700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0802700

2014-06-09T09:45:11Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Function */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===

OsMGD play an important role in coping various stresses for plants, which also provide us a possible approach to enhance plant multiple stresses tolerance.

===Expression===
Please input expression information here.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0802700|
Description = Similar to MGDG synthase type A|
Version = NM_001054958.1 GI:115449286 GeneID:4331045|
Length = 4212 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0802700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:35110098..35114309|
CDS = 35110099..35110336,35110863..35110890,35111867..35112028,35112130..35112271,35112688..35112912 ,35113017..35113079,35113185..35113259,35113566..35113853|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ctcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>LASPILNSLLSLSRRRRPPPQRGLVSLGGDGGVVVVVVVDGVAE GEVDPGDGAGDGGGVPPAAEDEAQVQEEPLLRGGAVAALASFYAKKVEAGLKKYKPDI IISVHPLMQHIPLWVLKWQGLQNRVVFVTVITDLNTCHPTWFHADVNRCYCPSEEVAK RAALDDLQPSQIRVFGLPIRPSFCRAVLVKDDLRKELELDPELPAVLLMGGGEGMGPV KKTAKALGESLFDKELGKPIGQLIVICGRNKTLSSSLQALEWKIPIKVRGFETQMEKW MGACDCIITKAGPGTIAEALIRGLPIILNDFIPGQEVGNVPYVVDNGAGVFSKSSRET AKLVARWFGPDSDELKRMSEKALKLAQPEAVFDIVRDIHELSREQGVISQISSSLTSS FFIPSPETTPIQLM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2..239#766..793#1770..1931#2033..2174#2591..2815#2920..2982#3088..3162#3469..3756#actcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgtcggcggggcgcgcgcgaggggagggcggggcgtcctcgtcggcgtccaccacctcgctgtgtggccccgacgaggacgacgagcccttctgggaggaggaggagggcaccgtcgagctcgtccagctcggcgccaaccgggctaagaacgtgctcatcctcatgagcgacaccggcggcggccaccgcgcctccgccgaggctatcaaggacgccttccgcatcgagttcggcgacgattaccgggtgcgcggcctcctttttttttttttgctgctgtcgtctcgtgtgaaatcggcatggtagcgtaggctggaatctggccattgggaacacaagggttttgatttgttgtgctcgggattggcgttgtggcaggtcttcgtcaaggatctgtgcaaggatcacgcggggtggccgctgaacaacatggagagctcgtacaagttcatggtgaagcatgtgcagctatggaaggtggccttccacaccacatcgccgagatgggtccattgcttctacctcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagtacgccggatacttccctttcacggctcagcaatgtttttttaaaaaaaaaatcttactagaatgtttcattgtttcactgacagctttggcgatttgtgtttttcgtagttacgaattgttgttttttttttctgttgtttgctgcttccttggattgctaatcgctcatctaattgcagatttttgcaatggttcagcagttttgtcattatcgactaggcttataatttactctagagaagttttattagtgctagatattagcccgtgatgttacaggattagttttatattgccaattcttgagtgcaatcttcaactgtgaggttcttctttgacttgggatgctaaaatatctgttctgaatccatcgtaccacatagtgcgagtagtttgcttgaaatgcaaatctgaatatatggtaatattgagccgagatatgcaaccatgttggatctgttgaaccagagggttggagacaggaccagagagcatttcagaaaattcaattcctgccctgtgcatctacccaacatgcccacttggtcatcactcatatgctttcagaattgccagtctgtcctcgcataaaattgtttccaggtcatgatccacatattatgcatcataatagcacatgcaaactgttcatttgttggatcgctgtcagttctgtctaattccatgcttcagcaatctctgccaaccaattgacagtatagtcaatttaatatgtccgttcaagttttggatctattccgatgttgccattgattatatttgttgttagcgttctatgatcgaaattgcttcgagaaggcatcaaactaatgtaaaacagttcatttatagctctaacttgtggacccatgatcttaagctcatcgacccattatgtgtgtgagactttttctttacatcaagatggtacatggaacaccttttctgaatagcttattgtttgtgggtgaaggaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggtacgtggaggctatccataagaaaaaacctggttatcttcttctgcaaaaacaattgtttctgttcaaaccattgaattaatcaatcggaaacattacaggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggtatgtgctccttatttaacttcaggactgttattccgatgcctgcgaattttttgtttcatatttgatctctcaaaaggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttacttgatctttcaataggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttatttgatcttgcagaatgtataggttatttatgcttttttatttaacatgcttaatgaatgctcttatcatggatttgtgctttgattaattgcaagcatgcataccccaaaagcattgctttaaatttaggatgtccattgactatattttaaaggaaaaatgacaaatttatgatagtgtggctgtacaatgatacacatcttaatacaaatgtgtagtatgcttttctatccactcaagtgttactttttttttaaaccaactcaccaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggtatatgatagaaacgtgtgtttataataattctttttaagatgcagactgcttatcctcctatgttgaaacacatgttccttatcgacttcttttaacaaaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggtatatccatgacattctatgattgttagcacgttatttcatacaaagatctctgtgtcattcttaaatcttaaatgttttttatgtttttatttgtctcaataggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggttagggtctactaactttccgcggttattataaaagaacggtacgaatgtacatctatgttttatatggttattgactttgtggaccatacatatttaatactacaagggtgaatctcatgaaagttttatacgttaaataaaaaagatgtgtatgtgttttagaacttatttgtagcgtcagtgacactaatgttatgcagtgcacaaaataaatgattttttatcaagtgcgatatacagtatgtagcagttatatgatcacccagtggacatcatctaatgtaagtttgttctgcatggcaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtgaaaaatccgtgtatagctagaactgcattctttgacctcgtgaaatttgcctttgtcctacaatgtcctgaaaaagaaaaatatgtcaatggatttagctggtttgtttcatctgtctcacggcgttgggatgaggtaagcaggatttcgactgcttttcagtttgtggtctctcatggtagttatgggcttgtttgactgacagctgctcttgtgtaatatccatattcggtttttgttaaaatcattcgttcatatgattttttttaaaaaatcctgtcgtcctttgttcagagggaccagcgatgggctgcaaattgtacactgttagttgatgttggaaagtttaaacctctcgacttgtaacatatccattcatgtaagatccatcgtgactgtaaagtgtatgagacaatgacaaattgtgctagtgagagagtcatgtgcttgttgaagg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001054958.1 RefSeq:Os02g0802700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0802700

2014-06-09T09:28:44Z

Sunxiaodui: /* Function */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Please input function information here.
OsMGD play an important role in coping various stresses for plants, which also provide us a possible approach to enhance plant multiple stresses tolerance.

===Expression===
Please input expression information here.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
Please input cited references here.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0802700|
Description = Similar to MGDG synthase type A|
Version = NM_001054958.1 GI:115449286 GeneID:4331045|
Length = 4212 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0802700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:35110098..35114309|
CDS = 35110099..35110336,35110863..35110890,35111867..35112028,35112130..35112271,35112688..35112912 ,35113017..35113079,35113185..35113259,35113566..35113853|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:35110098..35114309
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ctcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>LASPILNSLLSLSRRRRPPPQRGLVSLGGDGGVVVVVVVDGVAE GEVDPGDGAGDGGGVPPAAEDEAQVQEEPLLRGGAVAALASFYAKKVEAGLKKYKPDI IISVHPLMQHIPLWVLKWQGLQNRVVFVTVITDLNTCHPTWFHADVNRCYCPSEEVAK RAALDDLQPSQIRVFGLPIRPSFCRAVLVKDDLRKELELDPELPAVLLMGGGEGMGPV KKTAKALGESLFDKELGKPIGQLIVICGRNKTLSSSLQALEWKIPIKVRGFETQMEKW MGACDCIITKAGPGTIAEALIRGLPIILNDFIPGQEVGNVPYVVDNGAGVFSKSSRET AKLVARWFGPDSDELKRMSEKALKLAQPEAVFDIVRDIHELSREQGVISQISSSLTSS FFIPSPETTPIQLM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2..239#766..793#1770..1931#2033..2174#2591..2815#2920..2982#3088..3162#3469..3756#actcgcctccccaattttaaactcccttctctctctctctcgtcgtcgtcgtccaccgccgcaaaggggtctcgtctctctcgggggcgatggcggcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggcgtcgccgagggggaggtcgatccgggagacggtgctggagacggtggcggcgtaccaccagcagcagaggatgaggcgcaagttcaggaagagcctctcctacgcgggggagctgtcgtcggcggggcgcgcgcgaggggagggcggggcgtcctcgtcggcgtccaccacctcgctgtgtggccccgacgaggacgacgagcccttctgggaggaggaggagggcaccgtcgagctcgtccagctcggcgccaaccgggctaagaacgtgctcatcctcatgagcgacaccggcggcggccaccgcgcctccgccgaggctatcaaggacgccttccgcatcgagttcggcgacgattaccgggtgcgcggcctcctttttttttttttgctgctgtcgtctcgtgtgaaatcggcatggtagcgtaggctggaatctggccattgggaacacaagggttttgatttgttgtgctcgggattggcgttgtggcaggtcttcgtcaaggatctgtgcaaggatcacgcggggtggccgctgaacaacatggagagctcgtacaagttcatggtgaagcatgtgcagctatggaaggtggccttccacaccacatcgccgagatgggtccattgcttctacctcgccgcgctcgcctcattctatgccaagtacgccggatacttccctttcacggctcagcaatgtttttttaaaaaaaaaatcttactagaatgtttcattgtttcactgacagctttggcgatttgtgtttttcgtagttacgaattgttgttttttttttctgttgtttgctgcttccttggattgctaatcgctcatctaattgcagatttttgcaatggttcagcagttttgtcattatcgactaggcttataatttactctagagaagttttattagtgctagatattagcccgtgatgttacaggattagttttatattgccaattcttgagtgcaatcttcaactgtgaggttcttctttgacttgggatgctaaaatatctgttctgaatccatcgtaccacatagtgcgagtagtttgcttgaaatgcaaatctgaatatatggtaatattgagccgagatatgcaaccatgttggatctgttgaaccagagggttggagacaggaccagagagcatttcagaaaattcaattcctgccctgtgcatctacccaacatgcccacttggtcatcactcatatgctttcagaattgccagtctgtcctcgcataaaattgtttccaggtcatgatccacatattatgcatcataatagcacatgcaaactgttcatttgttggatcgctgtcagttctgtctaattccatgcttcagcaatctctgccaaccaattgacagtatagtcaatttaatatgtccgttcaagttttggatctattccgatgttgccattgattatatttgttgttagcgttctatgatcgaaattgcttcgagaaggcatcaaactaatgtaaaacagttcatttatagctctaacttgtggacccatgatcttaagctcatcgacccattatgtgtgtgagactttttctttacatcaagatggtacatggaacaccttttctgaatagcttattgtttgtgggtgaaggaaggttgaggctggactcaagaagtacaaaccagatattataattagtgtccaccccctcatgcaacacattcctctatgggtactcaaatggcaagggctacaaaatagagtggtctttgtcactgtcatcacagacctcaacacttgtcaccctacatggtacgtggaggctatccataagaaaaaacctggttatcttcttctgcaaaaacaattgtttctgttcaaaccattgaattaatcaatcggaaacattacaggttccatgctgatgtcaatagatgttactgcccatcggaagaagttgccaagagagcagcactggatgacctacaaccttctcaaatccgtgtgtttggccttccgattcggccatcattctgccgagccgttcttgttaaggtatgtgctccttatttaacttcaggactgttattccgatgcctgcgaattttttgtttcatatttgatctctcaaaaggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttacttgatctttcaataggtagatattcagtcgtggtattttatttgatcttgcagaatgtataggttatttatgcttttttatttaacatgcttaatgaatgctcttatcatggatttgtgctttgattaattgcaagcatgcataccccaaaagcattgctttaaatttaggatgtccattgactatattttaaaggaaaaatgacaaatttatgatagtgtggctgtacaatgatacacatcttaatacaaatgtgtagtatgcttttctatccactcaagtgttactttttttttaaaccaactcaccaggatgatttgaggaaggaacttgaattggatcctgagctgcctgcagtattgctgatgggaggtggagagggcatgggtcctgtcaagaagaccgcaaaagcccttggagagtcgttgtttgacaaggagcttggaaaaccaattggacagttaattgtcatttgtggtcggaacaaaacgctgagctcctcattgcaggctcttgaatggaaaataccaattaaggtatatgatagaaacgtgtgtttataataattctttttaagatgcagactgcttatcctcctatgttgaaacacatgttccttatcgacttcttttaacaaaaggttaggggatttgagacccagatggagaaatggatgggggcttgtgattgcattataacaaaggtatatccatgacattctatgattgttagcacgttatttcatacaaagatctctgtgtcattcttaaatcttaaatgttttttatgtttttatttgtctcaataggctggaccaggtaccatcgccgaagccttgattagagggttgcctatcatccttaatgacttcatacctggacaggttagggtctactaactttccgcggttattataaaagaacggtacgaatgtacatctatgttttatatggttattgactttgtggaccatacatatttaatactacaagggtgaatctcatgaaagttttatacgttaaataaaaaagatgtgtatgtgttttagaacttatttgtagcgtcagtgacactaatgttatgcagtgcacaaaataaatgattttttatcaagtgcgatatacagtatgtagcagttatatgatcacccagtggacatcatctaatgtaagtttgttctgcatggcaggaagttggcaatgtcccttatgttgtggacaatggtgctggtgtcttctccaaaagttctagggaaactgctaaacttgttgcccgctggtttggtccagattctgatgaactgaagaggatgtcagaaaaagcgttaaaactggctcagccagaagcggtgtttgatattgtcagagacatccatgagctatctcgggagcaaggggtgatttcacagatatccagttccttgacatcatcctttttcataccatcgccagaaaccacacctatacaacttatgtgaaaaatccgtgtatagctagaactgcattctttgacctcgtgaaatttgcctttgtcctacaatgtcctgaaaaagaaaaatatgtcaatggatttagctggtttgtttcatctgtctcacggcgttgggatgaggtaagcaggatttcgactgcttttcagtttgtggtctctcatggtagttatgggcttgtttgactgacagctgctcttgtgtaatatccatattcggtttttgttaaaatcattcgttcatatgattttttttaaaaaatcctgtcgtcctttgttcagagggaccagcgatgggctgcaaattgtacactgttagttgatgttggaaagtttaaacctctcgacttgtaacatatccattcatgtaagatccatcgtgactgtaaagtgtatgagacaatgacaaattgtgctagtgagagagtcatgtgcttgttgaagg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001054958.1 RefSeq:Os02g0802700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]