http://192.168.164.12:81/ricewiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Vivian 2026-05-26T12:33:08Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.30.0 https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175614 2014-06-01T11:00:53Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as ''Badh2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|400px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> ''BADH2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete ''Badh2'' gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> BADH2 could be divided into three domains: a NAD binding domain (residues 9 to 124 and 152 to 262), an oligomerization domain (residues 129 to 151 and 480 to 486), and a substrate binding domain (residues 263 to 464).<br /> <br /> [[File:Structure.png|left|frame|10px|'''Figure2.''' ''The Three-Dimensional Structure of BADH2 and the Annotated Active Sites.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure3.''' '' Examination of the Badh2/badh2 Transcription Levels in Various Plant Tissues Using Real-Time RT-PCR.Initial fully expanded leaf (A), last fully expanded leaf (B), stem (C), young panicle at the booting stage (D), panicle at the heading stage (E), panicle at 15 d after the heading stage (F), and roots (G) are shown. The relative transcription level for each plant tissue was represented as a 2 DCT<br /> value. Error bars represent the SD of transcription levels determined from the three independent real-time PCRs.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|left|thumb|250px|'''Figure4.''' ''Relative Abundance of different Badh2 Transcripts.Tissues A, B, and C represented leaf tissues of Nanjing11 (A), immature seeds 14 d after the flowering of Nanjing11 (B), and leaf tissues of Wuxiangjing (C). From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure5.''' ''Indirect Subcellular Immunodetection of BADH2.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> In the nonfragrant rice cv Nanjing11, Badh2 transcripts were detected in all tissues tested except for the roots. The Badh2 transcript was more abundant in the initial fully expanded leaf than in other tissues (Figure 3). Interestingly, a similar transcription pattern with a lower transcription level was observed for the badh2-E7 allele in the fragrant rice cv Wuxiangjing (Figure 3). This indicates that sequence alterations specific to the badh2-E7 allele significantly reduce its transcription levels but cause only a slight change in its transcription pattern.<br /> <br /> <br /> The major transcription start point was downstream of the predicted Badh2 start codon, resulting in very few complete Badh2 transcripts but abundant partial Badh2 transcripts. Transcription of the Badh2 gene was severely suppressed in fragrant rice varieties.<br /> <br /> <br /> BADH2 is highly expressed during cell division. BADH2 is mainly in the cytoplasm and none of the BADH2 is observed to be localized in the nucleus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> [[File:Evolution11.png|left|thumb|500px|'''Figure6.''' ''Phylogenetic tree showing relatedness of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases (BADs) from various species. BAD1 and BAD2 proteins form distinct groups within monocotyledonous plant species. No full-length BAD1 protein or cDNA sequences were available for wheat or maize, although there were partial sequences suggesting that BAD1 was present in these species. Bacterial and yeast BAD2 was much less related to the plant BADs. The numbers above the nodes indicate bootstrap support based on 10 000 replicates, constructed using MacVector™ 7.0.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref4&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> The production of two different subunits in the same subcellular compartment allows for the possible formation of heterodimers of the two subunits. The presence of such heterodimers might lead to an altered substrate specificity of BAD in rice. The presence of two BAD homologues has been widely reported in many grasses, and the BAD2 protein in rice appears to be closely related to the BAD2 protein from wheat, barley, sorghum, maize and the turfgrass Zoysia tenuifolia (Figure 6). Analysis of the sequences in genes from other species (Figure 6) shows that BAD2s from different species are more closely related than different BADs from the same species, suggesting a distinct and important role for each of the two BADs. However, only the BAD2 protein in Z. tenuifolia has a similar PTS1 at its C-terminus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> *National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China<br /> *College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People’s Republic of China<br /> *College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China<br /> *Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China<br /> *Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China<br /> *Centre for Plant Conservation Genetics, Southern CrossUniversity, Military Road, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia<br /> *L. M. T. Bradbury , S. A. Gillies ,R. J. Henry Grain Foods CRC, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia<br /> *Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand<br /> *Faculty of Medical Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Samut Prakran 10540, Thailand<br /> *Rice Gene Discovery Unit, Kasetsart University, Kamphangsaen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref4&quot;&gt; Louis M. T. Bradbury, Timothy L. Fitzgerald, Robert J. Henry, Qingsheng Jin and Daniel L. E. Waters Blackwell Publishing, Ltd, The gene for fragrance in rice,Plant Biotechnology Journal(2005)3, pp. 363–370 <br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> 3. Louis M. T. Bradbury ,Susan A. Gillies Donald J. Brushett, Daniel L. E. Waters Robert J. Henry, Encoding <br /> Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice<br /> Fragrance,Plant Mol Biol (2008) 68:439–449.<br /> <br /> 4. Ratree Wongpanya , Nonlawat Boonyalai , Napaporn Thammachuchourat, Natharinee Horata , Siwaret Arikit, Khin <br /> Myo Myint, Biochemical and Enzymatic Study of Rice BADH Wild-Type and Mutants: An Insight into Fragrance in Rice,<br /> Protein J (2011) 30:529–538<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175603 2014-06-01T10:48:13Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as ''Badh2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|400px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> ''BADH2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete ''Badh2'' gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> BADH2 could be divided into three domains: a NAD binding domain (residues 9 to 124 and 152 to 262), an oligomerization domain (residues 129 to 151 and 480 to 486), and a substrate binding domain (residues 263 to 464).<br /> <br /> [[File:Structure.png|left|frame|10px|'''Figure2.''' ''The Three-Dimensional Structure of BADH2 and the Annotated Active Sites.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure3.''' '' Examination of the Badh2/badh2 Transcription Levels in Various Plant Tissues Using Real-Time RT-PCR.Initial fully expanded leaf (A), last fully expanded leaf (B), stem (C), young panicle at the booting stage (D), panicle at the heading stage (E), panicle at 15 d after the heading stage (F), and roots (G) are shown. The relative transcription level for each plant tissue was represented as a 2 DCT<br /> value. Error bars represent the SD of transcription levels determined from the three independent real-time PCRs.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|left|thumb|250px|'''Figure4.''' ''Relative Abundance of different Badh2 Transcripts.Tissues A, B, and C represented leaf tissues of Nanjing11 (A), immature seeds 14 d after the flowering of Nanjing11 (B), and leaf tissues of Wuxiangjing (C). From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure5.''' ''Indirect Subcellular Immunodetection of BADH2.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> In the nonfragrant rice cv Nanjing11, Badh2 transcripts were detected in all tissues tested except for the roots. The Badh2 transcript was more abundant in the initial fully expanded leaf than in other tissues (Figure 3). Interestingly, a similar transcription pattern with a lower transcription level was observed for the badh2-E7 allele in the fragrant rice cv Wuxiangjing (Figure 3). This indicates that sequence alterations specific to the badh2-E7 allele significantly reduce its transcription levels but cause only a slight change in its transcription pattern.<br /> <br /> <br /> The major transcription start point was downstream of the predicted Badh2 start codon, resulting in very few complete Badh2 transcripts but abundant partial Badh2 transcripts. Transcription of the Badh2 gene was severely suppressed in fragrant rice varieties.<br /> <br /> <br /> BADH2 is highly expressed during cell division. BADH2 is mainly in the cytoplasm and none of the BADH2 is observed to be localized in the nucleus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> [[File:Evolution11.png|left|thumb|500px|'''Figure6.''' ''Phylogenetic tree showing relatedness of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases (BADs) from various species. BAD1 and BAD2 proteins form distinct groups within monocotyledonous plant species. No full-length BAD1 protein or cDNA sequences were available for wheat or maize, although there were partial sequences suggesting that BAD1 was present in these species. Bacterial and yeast BAD2 was much less related to the plant BADs. The numbers above the nodes indicate bootstrap support based on 10 000 replicates, constructed using MacVector™ 7.0.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref4&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> The production of two different subunits in the same subcellular compartment allows for the possible formation of heterodimers of the two subunits. The presence of such heterodimers might lead to an altered substrate specificity of BAD in rice. The presence of two BAD homologues has been widely reported in many grasses, and the BAD2 protein in rice appears to be closely related to the BAD2 protein from wheat, barley, sorghum, maize and the turfgrass Zoysia tenuifolia (Figure 6). Analysis of the sequences in genes from other species (Figure 6) shows that BAD2s from different species are more closely related than different BADs from the same species, suggesting a distinct and important role for each of the two BADs. However, only the BAD2 protein in Z. tenuifolia has a similar PTS1 at its C-terminus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref4&quot;&gt; Louis M. T. Bradbury, Timothy L. Fitzgerald, Robert J. Henry, Qingsheng Jin and Daniel L. E. Waters Blackwell Publishing, Ltd, The gene for fragrance in rice,Plant Biotechnology Journal(2005)3, pp. 363–370 <br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> 3. Louis M. T. Bradbury ,Susan A. Gillies Donald J. Brushett, Daniel L. E. Waters Robert J. Henry, Encoding <br /> Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice<br /> Fragrance,Plant Mol Biol (2008) 68:439–449.<br /> <br /> 4. Ratree Wongpanya , Nonlawat Boonyalai , Napaporn Thammachuchourat, Natharinee Horata , Siwaret Arikit, Khin <br /> Myo Myint, Biochemical and Enzymatic Study of Rice BADH Wild-Type and Mutants: An Insight into Fragrance in Rice,<br /> Protein J (2011) 30:529–538<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Evolution11.png&diff=175594 2014-06-01T10:35:52Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175554 2014-06-01T10:03:30Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as ''Badh2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|400px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> ''BADH2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete ''Badh2'' gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> BADH2 could be divided into three domains: a NAD binding domain (residues 9 to 124 and 152 to 262), an oligomerization domain (residues 129 to 151 and 480 to 486), and a substrate binding domain (residues 263 to 464).<br /> <br /> [[File:Structure.png|left|frame|10px|'''Figure2.''' ''The Three-Dimensional Structure of BADH2 and the Annotated Active Sites.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure3.''' '' Examination of the Badh2/badh2 Transcription Levels in Various Plant Tissues Using Real-Time RT-PCR.Initial fully expanded leaf (A), last fully expanded leaf (B), stem (C), young panicle at the booting stage (D), panicle at the heading stage (E), panicle at 15 d after the heading stage (F), and roots (G) are shown. The relative transcription level for each plant tissue was represented as a 2 DCT<br /> value. Error bars represent the SD of transcription levels determined from the three independent real-time PCRs.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|left|thumb|250px|'''Figure4.''' ''Relative Abundance of different Badh2 Transcripts.Tissues A, B, and C represented leaf tissues of Nanjing11 (A), immature seeds 14 d after the flowering of Nanjing11 (B), and leaf tissues of Wuxiangjing (C). From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure5.''' ''Indirect Subcellular Immunodetection of BADH2.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> In the nonfragrant rice cv Nanjing11, Badh2 transcripts were detected in all tissues tested except for the roots. The Badh2 transcript was more abundant in the initial fully expanded leaf than in other tissues (Figure 3). Interestingly, a similar transcription pattern with a lower transcription level was observed for the badh2-E7 allele in the fragrant rice cv Wuxiangjing (Figure 3). This indicates that sequence alterations specific to the badh2-E7 allele significantly reduce its transcription levels but cause only a slight change in its transcription pattern.<br /> <br /> <br /> The major transcription start point was downstream of the predicted Badh2 start codon, resulting in very few complete Badh2 transcripts but abundant partial Badh2 transcripts. Transcription of the Badh2 gene was severely suppressed in fragrant rice varieties.<br /> <br /> <br /> BADH2 is highly expressed during cell division. BADH2 is mainly in the cytoplasm and none of the BADH2 is observed to be localized in the nucleus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> 2. Louis M. T. Bradbury ,Susan A. Gillies Donald J. Brushett, Daniel L. E. Waters Robert J. Henry, Encoding <br /> Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice<br /> Fragrance,Plant Mol Biol (2008) 68:439–449.<br /> <br /> 3. Ratree Wongpanya , Nonlawat Boonyalai , Napaporn Thammachuchourat, Natharinee Horata , Siwaret Arikit, Khin <br /> Myo Myint, Biochemical and Enzymatic Study of Rice BADH Wild-Type and Mutants: An Insight into Fragrance in Rice,<br /> Protein J (2011) 30:529–538<br /> <br /> 4.Louis M. T. Bradbury, Timothy L. Fitzgerald, Robert J. Henry, Qingsheng Jin and Daniel L. E. Waters Blackwell Publishing, Ltd, The gene for fragrance in rice,Plant Biotechnology Journal(2005)3, pp. 363–370<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175543 2014-06-01T09:45:01Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as ''Badh2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|400px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> ''BADH2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete ''Badh2'' gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> BADH2 could be divided into three domains: a NAD binding domain (residues 9 to 124 and 152 to 262), an oligomerization domain (residues 129 to 151 and 480 to 486), and a substrate binding domain (residues 263 to 464).<br /> <br /> [[File:Structure.png|left|frame|10px|'''Figure2.''' ''The Three-Dimensional Structure of BADH2 and the Annotated Active Sites.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure3.''' '' Examination of the Badh2/badh2 Transcription Levels in Various Plant Tissues Using Real-Time RT-PCR.Initial fully expanded leaf (A), last fully expanded leaf (B), stem (C), young panicle at the booting stage (D), panicle at the heading stage (E), panicle at 15 d after the heading stage (F), and roots (G) are shown. The relative transcription level for each plant tissue was represented as a 2 DCT<br /> value. Error bars represent the SD of transcription levels determined from the three independent real-time PCRs.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|left|thumb|250px|'''Figure4.''' ''Relative Abundance of different Badh2 Transcripts.Tissues A, B, and C represented leaf tissues of Nanjing11 (A), immature seeds 14 d after the flowering of Nanjing11 (B), and leaf tissues of Wuxiangjing (C). From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure5.''' ''Indirect Subcellular Immunodetection of BADH2.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> In the nonfragrant rice cv Nanjing11, Badh2 transcripts were detected in all tissues tested except for the roots. The Badh2 transcript was more abundant in the initial fully expanded leaf than in other tissues (Figure 3). Interestingly, a similar transcription pattern with a lower transcription level was observed for the badh2-E7 allele in the fragrant rice cv Wuxiangjing (Figure 3). This indicates that sequence alterations specific to the badh2-E7 allele significantly reduce its transcription levels but cause only a slight change in its transcription pattern.<br /> <br /> <br /> The major transcription start point was downstream of the predicted Badh2 start codon, resulting in very few complete Badh2 transcripts but abundant partial Badh2 transcripts. Transcription of the Badh2 gene was severely suppressed in fragrant rice varieties.<br /> <br /> <br /> BADH2 is highly expressed during cell division. BADH2 is mainly in the cytoplasm and none of the BADH2 is observed to be localized in the nucleus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175521 2014-06-01T09:09:37Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as ''Badh2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|400px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> ''BADH2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete ''Badh2'' gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> BADH2 could be divided into three domains: a NAD binding domain (residues 9 to 124 and 152 to 262), an oligomerization domain (residues 129 to 151 and 480 to 486), and a substrate binding domain (residues 263 to 464).<br /> <br /> [[File:Structure.png|left|frame|10px|'''Figure2.''' ''The Three-Dimensional Structure of BADH2 and the Annotated Active Sites.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure3.''' '' Examination of the Badh2/badh2 Transcription Levels in Various Plant Tissues Using Real-Time RT-PCR.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|left|thumb|250px|'''Figure4.''' ''Relative Abundance of different Badh2 Transcripts. From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure5.''' ''Indirect Subcellular Immunodetection of BADH2.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> In the nonfragrant rice cv Nanjing11, Badh2 transcripts were detected in all tissues tested except for the roots. The Badh2 transcript was more abundant in the initial fully expanded leaf than in other tissues (Figure 3). Interestingly, a similar transcription pattern with a lower transcription level was observed for the badh2-E7 allele in the fragrant rice cv Wuxiangjing (Figure 3). This indicates that sequence alterations specific to the badh2-E7 allele significantly reduce its transcription levels but cause only a slight change in its transcription pattern.<br /> <br /> <br /> The major transcription start point was downstream of the predicted Badh2 start codon, resulting in very few complete Badh2 transcripts but abundant partial Badh2 transcripts. Transcription of the Badh2 gene was severely suppressed in fragrant rice varieties.<br /> <br /> <br /> BADH2 is highly expressed during cell division. BADH2 is mainly in the cytoplasm and none of the BADH2 is observed to be localized in the nucleus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175520 2014-06-01T09:03:52Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as ''Badh2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|500px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> ''BADH2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete ''Badh2'' gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> BADH2 could be divided into three domains: a NAD binding domain (residues 9 to 124 and 152 to 262), an oligomerization domain (residues 129 to 151 and 480 to 486), and a substrate binding domain (residues 263 to 464).<br /> <br /> [[File:Structure.png|left|frame|100px|'''Figure2.''' ''The Three-Dimensional Structure of BADH2 and the Annotated Active Sites.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|150px|'''Figure3.''' '' Examination of the Badh2/badh2 Transcription Levels in Various Plant Tissues Using Real-Time RT-PCR.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|left|thumb|150px|'''Figure4.''' ''Relative Abundance of different Badh2 Transcripts. From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|150px|'''Figure5.''' ''Indirect Subcellular Immunodetection of BADH2.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> In the nonfragrant rice cv Nanjing11, Badh2 transcripts were detected in all tissues tested except for the roots. The Badh2 transcript was more abundant in the initial fully expanded leaf than in other tissues (Figure 3). Interestingly, a similar transcription pattern with a lower transcription level was observed for the badh2-E7 allele in the fragrant rice cv Wuxiangjing (Figure 3). This indicates that sequence alterations specific to the badh2-E7 allele significantly reduce its transcription levels but cause only a slight change in its transcription pattern.<br /> <br /> <br /> The major transcription start point was downstream of the predicted Badh2 start codon, resulting in very few complete Badh2 transcripts but abundant partial Badh2 transcripts. Transcription of the Badh2 gene was severely suppressed in fragrant rice varieties.<br /> <br /> <br /> BADH2 is highly expressed during cell division. BADH2 is mainly in the cytoplasm and none of the BADH2 is observed to be localized in the nucleus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Expression13.png&diff=175515 2014-06-01T08:57:20Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Expression12.png&diff=175510 2014-06-01T08:53:18Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175505 2014-06-01T08:51:31Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as ''Badh2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|500px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> ''BADH2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete ''Badh2'' gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> BADH2 could be divided into three domains: a NAD binding domain (residues 9 to 124 and 152 to 262), an oligomerization domain (residues 129 to 151 and 480 to 486), and a substrate binding domain (residues 263 to 464).<br /> <br /> [[File:Structure.png|left|frame|500px|'''Figure2.''' ''The Three-Dimensional Structure of BADH2 and the Annotated Active Sites.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> In the nonfragrant rice cv Nanjing11, Badh2 transcripts were detected in all tissues tested except for the roots. The Badh2 transcript was more abundant in the initial fully expanded leaf than in other tissues (Figure 2). Interestingly, a similar transcription pattern with a lower transcription level was observed for the badh2-E7 allele in the fragrant rice cv Wuxiangjing (Figure 2). This indicates that sequence alterations specific to the badh2-E7 allele significantly reduce its transcription levels but cause only a slight change in its transcription pattern.<br /> <br /> [[File:Expression11.png|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure3.''' '' Examination of the Badh2/badh2 Transcription Levels in<br /> Various Plant Tissues Using Real-Time RT-PCR<br /> Initial fully expanded leaf (A), last fully expanded leaf (B), stem (C), youngpanicle at the booting stage (D), panicle at the heading stage (E), panicle<br /> at 15 d after the heading stage (F), and roots (G) are shown. The relativetranscription level for each plant tissue was represented as a 2 DCT<br /> value. Error bars represent the SD of transcription levels determined from the three independent real-time PCRs..From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Expression11.png&diff=175504 2014-06-01T08:49:42Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175424 2014-06-01T06:54:04Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as ''Badh2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|500px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> ''BADH2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete ''Badh2'' gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> BADH2 could be divided into three domains: a NAD binding domain (residues 9 to 124 and 152 to 262), an oligomerization domain (residues 129 to 151 and 480 to 486), and a substrate binding domain (residues 263 to 464).<br /> <br /> [[File:Structure.png|left|frame|500px|'''Figure2.''' ''The Three-Dimensional Structure of BADH2 and the Annotated Active Sites.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> Please input expression information here.<br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175402 2014-06-01T06:42:59Z

<p>Vivian: /* Protein Structure */</p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as ''Badh2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|500px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> ''BADH2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete ''Badh2'' gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> BADH2 could be divided into three domains: a NAD binding domain (residues 9 to 124 and 152 to 262), an oligomerization domain (residues 129 to 151 and 480 to 486), and a substrate binding domain (residues 263 to 464).<br /> <br /> [[File:Structure.png|frameless|Figure 2. The Three-Dimensional Structure of BADH2 and the Annotated Active Sites.]]<br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> Please input expression information here.<br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Structure.png&diff=175395 2014-06-01T06:39:24Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175391 2014-06-01T06:37:46Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as ''Badh2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|500px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> ''BADH2'', encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete ''Badh2'' gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> BADH2 could be divided into three domains: a NAD binding domain (residues 9 to 124 and 152 to 262), an oligomerization domain (residues 129 to 151 and 480 to 486), and a substrate binding domain (residues 263 to 464).<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> Please input expression information here.<br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175381 2014-06-01T06:31:51Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as BADH2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|500px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> BADH2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete Badh2 gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Protein Structure===<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> Please input expression information here.<br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175379 2014-06-01T06:30:20Z

<p>Vivian: /* Function */</p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as BADH2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|500px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> BADH2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> <br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete Badh2 gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> Please input expression information here.<br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175373 2014-06-01T06:27:44Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Os08g0424500 is reported as BADH2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) .<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|500px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> BADH2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete Badh2 gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> Please input expression information here.<br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175343 2014-06-01T05:45:46Z

<p>Vivian: /* References */</p> <hr /> <div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|500px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> This gene is reported as BADH2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete Badh2 gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> Please input expression information here.<br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references&gt;<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt; Saihua Chen,Yi Yang, Weiwei Shi, Qing Ji, Fei He,Ziding Zhang, Zhukuan Cheng, Xiangnong Liu, Mingliang Xu,<br /> Badh2, Encoding Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Inhibits the Biosynthesis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, a Major Component in Rice Fragrance, The Plant Cell, July 2008, Vol. 20: 1850–1861.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/references&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175341 2014-06-01T05:39:35Z

<p>Vivian: /* Function */</p> <hr /> <div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> [[File:function.png|right|thumb|500px|'''Figure1.''' ''2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From(from reference &lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt;).'']]<br /> <br /> This gene is reported as BADH2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete Badh2 gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> Please input expression information here.<br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> Please input cited references here.<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175338 2014-06-01T05:34:53Z

<p>Vivian: /* Function */</p> <hr /> <div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> This gene is reported as BADH2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete Badh2 gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> [[File:function.jpg|right|100px|2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From Ref.1.]]<br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> Please input expression information here.<br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> Please input cited references here.<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=File:Function.png&diff=175328 2014-06-01T05:18:29Z

<p>Vivian: uploaded a new version of &amp;quot;File:Function.png&amp;quot;: 2AP Levels and Their Significant Differences among Nontransgenic Lines and Three Kinds of Transgenic Lines Carrying Different Badh2 CDS Driven by the CaMV35S Promoter.From Ref.1.</p> <hr /> <div></div>

Vivian https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os08g0424500&diff=175326 2014-06-01T05:10:24Z

<p>Vivian: </p> <hr /> <div>Please input one-sentence summary here.<br /> <br /> ==Annotated Information==<br /> ===Function===<br /> This gene is reported as BADH2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), a potent flavor component in rice fragrance.In rice the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of proline becomes the nitrogen in the pyrroline ring of 2AP while the carboxyl group of proline is removed and replaced with an acetyl group from another source found that in L. hilgardii the acetyl group of 2AP can be derived from fructose when either ethanol or acetaldehyde are supplied in excess. They further suggested D1pyrroline, a product of proline catabolism via putrescine oxidation, is the immediate precursor of the pyrroline ring of 2AP and the acetyl group was most likely formed from reaction with acetyl-CoA or acetaldehyde in either a chemical or enzymatic reaction. Additionally, detailed precursor studies have revealed that the formation of 2AP in Bacillus cerus proceeds via acetylation of D1pyrroline.<br /> The intact BADH2 protein encoded by the complete Badh2 gene sequence was shown to influence this critical switch, possibly due to its strong AB-ald dehydrogenase activity. From its activity in vitro, we conclude that, in nonfragrant rice, the BADH2 enzyme converts AB-ald into GABA, inhibiting 2AP biosynthesis. In fragrant rice lacking intact BADH2, failure to convert AB-ald into GABA due to the absence of BADH2 enzymatic activity results in AB-ald accumulation, which activates 2AP biosynthesis. Interestingly, the low level of BADH2 detected in some transgenic lines overexpressing Badh2 might not completely inhibit the consumption of AB-ald, resulting in a small quantity of 2AP.<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Expression===<br /> Please input expression information here.<br /> <br /> ===Evolution===<br /> Please input evolution information here.<br /> <br /> You can also add sub-section(s) at will.<br /> <br /> ==Labs working on this gene==<br /> Please input related labs here.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> Please input cited references here.<br /> <br /> ==Structured Information==<br /> {{JaponicaGene|<br /> GeneName = Os08g0424500|<br /> Description = Similar to Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase|<br /> Version = NM_001068368.1 GI:115476473 GeneID:4345606|<br /> Length = 6153 bp|<br /> Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0424500, complete gene.|<br /> Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> <br /> ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group<br /> Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;<br /> Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP<br /> clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.<br /> |<br /> Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|<br /> AP = Chromosome 8:20467829..20473981|<br /> CDS = 20467975..20468083,20468183..20468325,20469378..20469458,20469554..20469702,20470400..20470492&lt;br&gt;,20470624..20470747,20470832..20470897,20471088..20471154,20471847..20471923&lt;br&gt;,20472279..20472392,20472793..20472870,20472952..20473103,20473207..20473267&lt;br&gt;,20473539..20473645,20473744..20473834|<br /> GCID = &lt;gbrowseImage1&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage1&gt;|<br /> GSID = &lt;gbrowseImage2&gt;<br /> name=NC_008401:20467829..20473981<br /> source=RiceChromosome08<br /> preset=GeneLocation<br /> &lt;/gbrowseImage2&gt;|<br /> CDNA = &lt;cdnaseq&gt;atggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcataaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcattatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaa&lt;/cdnaseq&gt;|<br /> AA = &lt;aaseq&gt;MATAIPQRQLFVAGEWRAPALGRRLPVVNPATESPIGEIPAGTA EDVDAAVAAAREALKRNRGRDWARAPGAVRAKYLRAIAAKIIERKSELARLETLDCGK PLDEAAWDMDDVAGCFEYFADLAESLDKRQNAPVSLPMENFKCYLRKEPIGVVGLITP WNYPLLMATWKVAPALAAGCTAVLKPSELASVTCLELADVCKEVGLPSGVLNIVTGLG SEAGAPLSSHPGVDKVAFTGSYETGKKIMASAAPMVKPVSLELGGKSPIVVFDDVDVE KAVEWTLFGCFWTNGQICSATSRLILHKKIAKEFQERMVAWAKNIKVSDPLEEGCRLG PVVSEGQYEKIKQFVSTAKSQGATILTGGVRPKHLEKGFYIEPTIITDVDTSMQIWRE EVFGPVLCVKEFSTEEEAIELANDTHYGLAGAVLSGDRERCQRLTEEIDAGIIWVNCS QPCFCQAPWGGNKRSGFGRELGEGGIDNYLSVKQVTEYASDEPWGWYKSPSKL&lt;/aaseq&gt;|<br /> DNA = &lt;dnaseqindica&gt;147..255#355..497#1550..1630#1726..1874#2572..2664#2796..2919#3004..3069#3260..3326#4019..4095#4451..4564#4965..5042#5124..5275#5379..5439#5711..5817#5916..6006#agaacagagcactccctctcccaccaccactccacacctgacaccacgcgggctgcctccatcgtcatcgatccatctccgtatctctcaccgaccccaaatcgcacagctccagctcctcctcgatccccgtcgcgatcggcgagatggccacggcgatcccgcagcggcagctcttcgtcgccggcgagtggcgcgcccccgcgctcggccgccgcctccccgtcgtcaaccccgccaccgagtcccccatcggtaccctcctcttcaccctctccaccctctgcttctgcctctgattagcctttttgttgttgttgttgttgctgctgttttttgcgtgtcggtgcgcaggcgagatcccggcgggcacggcggaggacgtggacgcggcggtggcggcggcgcgggaggcgctgaagaggaaccggggccgcgactgggcgcgcgcgccgggcgccgtccgggccaagtacctccgcgcaatcgcggccaaggtagggtggtgactacccccacccccccccccccccccaacgcgacccgcgtgcgtgtgttccgtacagggggaggagctccgcgtggctctccagtaggtttttgagccccaaatcgatcgatatgctctagttttaagtttgctgcttaaattcctcaagggtttagtttgcaaccaaatccttattttagcttcggtataagccccccatatgatgtgcgtgcgtcggcatcggaagtgcgtatcctctgttctggactaggaattggccataggttgatcgacagttcgagtattctgcttctgtttggaataagttggaagcatggctgattgtgtatctggatgctgtttttgtggtgattcgtttcaagctcttgttaattgatgggttcaagcggagagggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatatggctcacggccatgggtgtgcacatttgattggtgcgcaacaacaagtgtatattgtttgtgtgcttcgttagttggcaggtcctagtcactaaatcactattggattggtactagttacttttgtgccttgacgatgggactggattactagccttttggttgcctttgtggtattccgttgttatgggcctgttgatggatggatccctttaatttctagtgccaaatgcatgctagatttctcacagtttttctcttcaggttatatttctcgtatttccttttcctaaaggattgctttttcatgtattttctggcatatataggttattattattattattctccagaacaagattacccatattatggatcactagtgtacacttttttggatgaaaaacctacttactgaaagtaaaacagtgaccagtgcacactttacttgaactgtcaaaccatcaattttctagcaaagcaggggatgctagccttccagtctaaatgacagtaaactactatacttttgtccgtaggtttggaaatatgctaatttctatcataaaaattttcatggcatatgcgagcattttatgatcaccttttccctttttcttcagataatcgagaggaaatctgagctggctagactagagacgcttgattgtgggaagcctcttgatgaagcagcatgggacatggtatgtggccagttatccactgtatgaatatgtagttgcctacacagcaatctttcctgaacatgaatcctgatgtatgatattccatttgtcaggacgatgttgctggatgctttgagtactttgcagatcttgcagaatccttggacaaaaggcaaaatgcacctgtctctcttccaatggaaaactttaaatgctatcttcggaaagagcctatcggtgtagttgggttgatcacaccttggtatttcacatttttctctcatcctgcgcttatatttatttatgacccaagcatggtactaaatagtactagtaacatgcatatactgaatgagtttacaactttacatgatttttttgaactatgaaagttgaagacatttgagattttattcctcttctcttgtgcaaacatattattgtctcacaaattgtacctagcagctactctctccgtttcatattataagtcgtttgacttttttcctagtcaaaatgtgttaagtttgaccaagtttatagaaaaatttagcaacatctaaaatatcaaagtcatgttttagtgttttttcaggctctcatgtaagcaattttgatgtgccctctcctttcttcttaatataatgatacacagctcttgtgtattcaaaggaaaatatatatatatataatgatacacacctctcctccgtgttaatgcagctcatttgttctgtcccggttcaaatatctatttttctcatatgttgtcagcatgattcacttaatttagtatatagaagatgccattatttatgtctggaatcttactgcagaagggaaaacaattgataacggaattgattgcattctaatttgttgtttctttgttatgttcttatcgacaattacaaatttgattctgagaatcatgttcgggatgtgtatttctactgcaggaactatcctctcctgatggcaacatggaaggtagctcctgccctggctgctggctgtacagctgtactaaaaccatctgaattggcttccgtgtaagtttaacatgttaacttgttaatgtcatacccatgctagttgcaatgacatttgattttaaaatgttgtggcatgtccatgctgcaagcaatgtaatttgaaatctctctctatcattaattaccaggacttgtttggagcttgctgatgtgtgtaaagaggttggtcttccttcaggtgtgctaaacatagtgactggattaggttctgaagccggtgctcctttgtcatcacaccctggtgtagacaaggtacagctattcctcctgtaatcatgtataccccatcaatggaaatgatattcctctcaatacatggtttatgttttctgttaggttgcatttactgggagttatgaaactggtaaaaagattatggcttcagctgctcctatggttaaggtttgtttccaaatttctgtggatattttttgttctctttctactaactctctattatcaattctcaatgttgtccttttcttttaactcctttactttttagaattgtgatcaagacactttgagcatcattctagtagccagttctatcctgtttcttacctttttatggttcgtcttttcttgacagcctgtttcactggaacttggtggaaaaagtcctatagtggtgtttgatgatgttgatgttgaaaaaggtacatgccacttgctatgattaactaattctgaagtgcgggactttgtaaagcacttaactgagctggatgctagacccccaaaagccctttttggtgtcttgggcttgttgcagaaatactggtcccagacgagcaggatgcaagaaaattaactacttttgccactgattagtatttcttagaagttacacctcaaggattagcaatactttcttaaaatgtgctattgattaaaaagatgtcctgtattattttgagcagatcttgtactggttgatcggcttgcatgaaaatattgttgaggattataatgccatgccaactgagtaaagaaaagagttgtaaaatatgttatgcaacatgaatatatatgtgatttcatttttcctttttcttttcgtggcaaggaaggcagttaggaaggactgatgtgaaaagcacaagtactattcttagttctggaaaactgtgttctttattttcctaactacaattcaccttgattagtcagtaacttgatattggcaattctagctgattatgaattctgtttatatttcactaattttgaatctttaattacattttatggttgaaatttaacgttttgtctggttatggactctgtttgtattcactcaatttggatcttccattagatttcattgttggtccttcttcttgtacagctgttgagtggactctctttggttgcttttggaccaatggccagatttgcagtgcaacatcgcgtcttattcttcatgtaagcattgaatatatccgtcaatcataatctattgttgtacttgattttttttctgatcaactcctgagttcagattattatatgatgccattactattgcacagagcgaataaaattgtatttatgcacagcatgtattttgagtaatatatgcattgcctattatttaatatatagattgtagcacttaattttgtgtccatgtctctatgatgtttattactttattattgccggcatgaagcaactttgaactctatgttgatcttgaactaaaattgaaattaattggcttattgctattaatgatatagctttcagcttcttgctcctgaccatgaaagttttgcagaaaaaaatcgctaaagaatttcaagaaaggatggttgcatgggccaaaaatattaaggtgtcagatccacttgaagagggttgcaggcttgggcccgttgttagtgaaggacaggtaccacatgtaaactttttctaaattcaaaaaagaaatgccactgatcaatggtaggtccttccaagccttattgctggattgttgcactgttttgtcaattttgtgtaatatagttctgaatgaattagtcggtgtatgctcttgctagttgctagtatgtggtacagggtcttcctactttgagcaaattcgtgttaaaatgcattgatgaaaaggccacctttccgtaggtttatcttgtcataatttaaaccccaataaaattttaattttttgttttgaccccatggcactttaatgaaatcacttagccatgagcttttgtatatattttcaaagcaccagaatgtttagatggtttgttggaaatcttacacatcctattgccttgtgtcagtatgagaagattaagcaatttgtatctaccgccaaaagccaaggtgctaccattctgactggtggggttagacccaaggtaataatctactacacggttgtatatataggtacccacatatcattatgaagtagaaataatcttgtatgtttttgtcagcatctggagaaaggtttctatattgaacccacaatcattactgatgtcgatacatcaatgcaaatttggagggaagaagtttttggtccagtgctctgtgtgaaagaatttagcactgaagaagaagccattgaattggccaacgatactcagtgagttttttttttaatacagttcattgtcctgttcaatcttgcagcatatgtatatactctgtggcatatgaacttattctgctactactacttttgatagttatggtctggctggtgctgtgctttccggtgaccgcgagcgatgccagagattaactgaggtatatccaagtgaagggggttggcattgtttgattcatatgacatggttgcatcaagctgatattcaagaatctcatttattacttgcattctatgcatctccagttcttccctggactccggtcaatgttaatatagtttgtttgctagtagtatgctactccaattaagttgctcttcacttccacatcatctgatccatgactttatatttgaccccttttttttgcaaaagaaagggaaatacttaacgaaaatttcctactgcaggagatcgatgccggaattatctgggtgaactgctcgcaaccctgcttctgccaagctccatggggcgggaacaagcgcagcggctttggacgcgagctcggagaagggtgggtagcacacaacaatctcactttaaaacaccatttcgatcgtctgatgatctcgacctgacatcatgcctttggtattttcattcacttttcaggggcattgacaactacctaagcgtcaagcaagtgacggagtacgcctccgatgagccgtggggatggtacaaatccccttccaagctgtaatgtaatatgcgcatacgcatgacacgcccatctgttctgatcgtttggaataagaggccatagtatgacgggatggactttgtgcatatcgatgtttgatttgccatgtgctgagcctggaaataaaaaaggttatagttggagact&lt;/dnaseqindica&gt;|<br /> Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068368.1 RefSeq:Os08g0424500]|<br /> }}<br /> [[Category:Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]<br /> [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Genes]]<br /> [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]<br /> [[Category:Chromosome 8]]</div>

Vivian