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Os11g0490600

2014-06-09T07:50:23Z

Xiangjianhenwan: /* References */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
LAZY1 (LA1) gene regulates shoot gravitropism by which the rice tiller angle is controlled. LA1, a novel grass-specific gene, is temporally and spatially expressed, and plays a negative role in polar auxin transport (PAT). Loss-of-function of LA1 enhances PAT greatly and thus alters the endogenous IAA distribution in shoots, leading to thereduced gravitropism, and therefore the tiller-spreading phenotype of rice plants.
LA1 is an essential regulator of tiller angle of rice, opening a promising way for
breeders to develop elite rice cultivars and other cereal crops with optimal plant architecture.
LA1ΔN100 is the truncated LA1 with a deletion of amino-acid residues1-100 that
contain a predicted transmembrane domain. LA1ΔNLS refers to the LA1 truncated from amino-acid residues 286 to 312, a segment containing a putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) domain. The 996-1571 bp region of the LA1 gene was subcloned into the T-easy vector and used as templates to generate sense and antisense RNA probes.
Rice LA1gene is responsible for the tiller-spreading phenotype of mutant plants.

== Mutation==
Mutations were also identified in the la1-Shiokari allele with a prostrate phenotype similar to la1-ZF802.[[File:Zhangshuling1.jpg]]
Sequence analysis revealed a single base substitute (TGG→TGA) at the second exon of LOC_Os03g03150 in tad1, which produces a premature stop codon. LOC_Os03g03150 is the TAD1 gene and the premature mutation is responsible for the phenotypes of the tad1 mutant plant.[[File:Zhangshuling2.jpg]]
TAD1 is involved in regulating the exit of mitosis and it is indeed a functional cell-cycle switch protein homolo¬gous to Cdh1.[[File:Zhangshuling3.jpg]]
Mutation in LA1 results in a significant increase in PAT and thus impairs the IAA differential distribution in la1-ZF802, which ultimately leads to a reduced gravitropic response in the mutant shoots.[[File:Zhangshuling4.jpg]]

== Expression==
LA1 is a finely regulated temporally and spatially expressed gene, and that the region of its specific expression may play an important role in controlling the rice tiller angle.[[File:Zhangshuling5.jpg]] [[File:Zhangshuling6.jpg]] [[File:Zhangshuling7.jpg]]

===Evolution===
LA1 may represent a new type of regulating proteins that shuttle between the plasma membrane and the nucleus. Further investigations of LA1 functions will allow for a better understanding of the mechanism underlying the monocotyledonous shoot gravitropism.

==Labs working on this gene==
1、State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2、State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
1. Morita MT, Tasaka M. Gravity sensing and signaling. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2004; 7:712-718.
2. Perbal G, Driss-Ecole D. Mechanotransduction in gravisensing cells. Trends Plant Sci 2003; 8:498-504.
3.Fukaki H, Wysocka-Diller J, Kato T, Fujisawa H, Benfey PN Tasaka M. Genetic evidence that the endodermis is essential for shoot gravitropism in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 1998; 14:425-430.
4. Tsugeki R, Olson ML, Fedoroff NV. Transposon tagging and the study of root development in Arabidopsis. Gravit Space Biol Bull 1998; 11:79-87.
5. Moore I. Gravitropism: lateral thinking in auxin transport. CurrBiol 2002; 12:452-454.
6. Kim SK, Chang SC, Lee EJ, et al. Involvement of brassinosteroids in the gravitropic response of primary root of maize. Plant Physiol 2000; 123:997-1004.
7. Gutjahr C, Riemann M, Muller A, Duchting P, Weiler EW, Nick P. Cholodny-Went revisited: a role for jasmonate in gravitropism of rice coleoptiles. Planta 2005; 222:575-585.
8. Aloni R, Langhans M, Aloni E, Ullrich CI. Role of cytokinin in the regulation of root gravitropism. Planta 2004; 220:177-182.

== Supplementary information==
It is linked to the online version of the paper on the Cell Research website.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os11g0490600|
Description = Conserved hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001074458.1 GI:115485564 GeneID:4350543|
Length = 5524 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os11g0490600, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 11|Chromosome 11]]|
AP = Chromosome 11:19145382..19150905|
CDS = 19145410..19145415,19145782..19145851,19147818..19148686,19150064..19150349,19150566..19150585<br>|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008404:19145382..19150905
source=RiceChromosome11
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008404:19145382..19150905
source=RiceChromosome11
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgaagctcttaggttggatgcatcgaaagctacggagtaataatgacgtgttcaaagagttcaacaccggaggaggtggggcctgcaactgcatcaccgggcttgcctcgcctgaccacgacaacgactacttctccggcgacgacgccgcccacgcctcgccgccggtcaccgccggcgacctcttcaccttcggcggcagcggccttctcaccatcggcacgctaggcatcgccgccgtcgccattcccagcggcggcgacgacgacgactacgacatcgacttcgaggtggacgccaccagcgacgacgacggcggcttcaccgtcgaggacgacgacgccgacgtcggcggcgccgtcacgcccaccttcaccttccccgcggcgacggcggcggaggcggtcgtcgccaccgtggagaaggcagtggccgcggtggaggcgatcgcggagaaggacgacgacaccaccacggaggacgacctgatggtggtgagcgccgagctggagaaggtgctcggcggcgtcgacgtggcgtcggcgcgggtgagcttcgccatgggcggtggcgtcgactgcccgctccagggcttcctgttcggctccccggtgagcgacgtcgagtcgcgcccggagtacctgcaggcgccgcgggactcgtccggctcctgcggcggcggcgggcggcgcacctcgctcggcgagctgttcatgcgcacccgcttcgccgacgagaaggtggcgctcgtcgccgtcgccgagggcgaggacggcgtcgccggcgacgacggcgctgctgctgccggcgtcggcggagacagagcggggaaaggcggcggctacaagacgatgaagaagaggaaggtgaaggacgagaaaggcggcggcggcgccgccggcggtggaatgccggcgacggtgacgaagagcaagtttcagaagatccttcaaatcttccacaggaaagtctaccccgagaacacactcctcacaaggaatctgaccaagaagagccgcaaccgcggcgccaccgataatggcggtggcgccgtggccaccggagaccccgacgggcctctggcctcgccggtgctccggtgccggaaggaccatcccatgaggggcttcggctgctgcaccaatggcgccttcggtgcatcgtcaccgggaggcaacgccgagatgaacggcaacaagagcggccactggatcaagactgatgccgactacttggtgctggaattataa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MKLLGWMHRKLRSNNDVFKEFNTGGGGACNCITGLASPDHDNDY FSGDDAAHASPPVTAGDLFTFGGSGLLTIGTLGIAAVAIPSGGDDDDYDIDFEVDATS DDDGGFTVEDDDADVGGAVTPTFTFPAATAAEAVVATVEKAVAAVEAIAEKDDDTTTE DDLMVVSAELEKVLGGVDVASARVSFAMGGGVDCPLQGFLFGSPVSDVESRPEYLQAP RDSSGSCGGGGRRTSLGELFMRTRFADEKVALVAVAEGEDGVAGDDGAAAAGVGGDRA GKGGGYKTMKKRKVKDEKGGGGAAGGGMPATVTKSKFQKILQIFHRKVYPENTLLTRN LTKKSRNRGATDNGGGAVATGDPDGPLASPVLRCRKDHPMRGFGCCTNGAFGASSPGG NAEMNGNKSGHWIKTDADYLVLEL</aaseq>|
DNA = 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agcggccactggatcaagactgatgccgactgtgagtagcactgcacaccttggtgtctccatccatcttcaatggatctatctttgcaatcatgcattcagtcttgacagctacatctttccatactatttttggggaatcttccaagagctatccatcactagtttctgagttactgtgtgctgatgcacacactgcaaacattgtgctttttcactgaaaccctgtctctctgatctgatgcagacttggtgctggaattataatggggaaaagaagaggagctatttgtttcatcaagaattaaagcttgaatagtgagcatctcatatatatgaatatgtgcttgctgttacaatataatctctatctgtttggtatagaagggcttgaatgtgctgtatatgtcactatatattgggggggagaggattactatgagatcaactcataagtgtgtggtgtttatatacattgctctgtgaatgtatgacagagatcagaacttaatgtattgtatgctttcttgatgtgattggtgtttatgagcctagctgatggcaatattgtgtgtgggtccacccct</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001074458.1 RefSeq:Os11g0490600]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 11]]
[[Category:Chromosome 11]]

Os03g03150

2014-06-09T04:35:42Z

Xiangjianhenwan: /* References */

== Function ==
Tillering and Dwarf 1 (TAD1) encodes a co-activator of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C), a multi-subunit E3 ligase. It shows increased tillers and reduced plant height. TAD1 encodes a Cdh1-type activator of APC/C, an ortholog to CCS52A in dicots. During the cell-cycle progression, TAD1 shows an oscillating expression pattern with a higher level in the G1-phase. TAD1 interacts with MOC1, forming a complex with OsAPC10 and functions as a co-activator of APC/C to target MOC1 for degradation in a cell-cycle-dependent manner. TAD1 encodes a Cdh1-type activator of APC/C, an ortholog to CCS52A in dicots.

== Mutation==

The tad1 mutant showed an increased tiller number, a reduced plant height, and twisted leaves and panicles[[File:Zhangyangyang1.jpg]].

Sequence analysis revealed a single base substitute (TGG→TGA) at the second exon of LOC_Os03g03150 in tad1, which produces a premature stop codon[[File:Zhangyangyang2.jpg]].

LOC_Os03g03150 is the TAD1 gene and the premature mutation is responsible for the phenotypes of the tad1 mutant plant.
Sequence analysis revealed that TAD1 encodes a putative cell-cycle switch protein, belonging to a Cdh1 group of APC/C co-activators, which include fission yeast SRW1/STE9, budding yeast CDH1/HCT1, Drosophila FZR1, Medicago MtCCS52A10, Arabidopsis AtCCS52A, and mouse and human Cdh1.
TAD1 is involved in regulating the exit of mitosis and it is indeed a functional cell-cycle switch protein homolo¬gous to Cdh1.

== Expression ==
[[File:Zhangyangyang1.jpg]]
TAD1 is expressed ubiquitously in the examined rice organs, includ¬ing roots, shoot apices, axillary buds, internodes, nodes, and young leaves and panicles, but more abundant in young leaves, axillary buds and nodes[[File:Zhangyangyang3.jpg]].
TAD1 was predominantly expressed in the leaf primordia and young leaves, tiller buds, inflorescence pro¬mordia, and crown root promordia. In addition, TAD1 expression was detected in vascular bundles at the unenlon¬gated stem[[File:Zhangyangyang4.jpg]].
TAD1 has an oscillated expression pattern during the cell-cycle pro¬gression, showing a higher level in the G1-phase and a lower level in the S- and G2/M-phases. TAD1 most likely controls rice tillering through regulating MOC1. The 67-amino-acid N-terminal of TAD1 appears to be essential for its interaction with MOC1. TAD1 degrades MOC1 at the G1-phase. TAD1 recruits MOC1 to APC/C, and OsAPC10 is also involved in recognizing and target¬ing MOC1 for further degradation[[File:(Zhangyangyang5.jpg]] [[File:Zhangyangyang6.jpg]].

== Evolution ==

The gene provides the identification and in-depth functional characterization of a specific component of the cell-cycle machinery in higher plants that regulates agronomically important traits, tillering and plant height to facili¬tate the genetic manipulation of plant architecture and the breeding of new varieties in agriculture in the future.

== Labs working on this gene ==

1、State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
2、State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China.

== References ==

1.Cebolla, A. et al. The mitotic inhibitor ccs52 is required for endoreduplication and ploidy-dependent cell enlargement in plants. EMBO J. 18, 4476–4484 (1999).
2.Vinardell, J. M. et al. Endoreduplication mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex activator CCS52A is required for symbiotic cell differentiation in Medicago truncatula nodules. Plant Cell 15, 2093–2105 (2003).
3. Kitamura, K., Maekawa, H. & Shimoda, C. Fission yeast Ste9, a homolog of Hct1/Cdh1 and Fizzy-related, is a novel negative regulator of cell cycle progression during G1-phase. Mol. Biol. Cell 9, 1065–1080 (1998).
4. Yamaguchi, S., Murakami, H. & Okayama, H. A WD repeat protein controls the cell cycle and differentiation by negatively regulating Cdc2/B-type cyclin complexes. Mol. Biol. Cell 8, 2475–2486 (1997).
5. Visintin, R., Prinz, S. & Amon, A. CDC20 and CDH1: a family of substrate-specific activators of APC-dependent proteolysis. Science 278, 460–463 (1997).
6. Schwab, M., Lutum, A. S. & Seufert, W. Yeast Hct1 is a regulator of Clb2 cyclin proteolysis. Cell 90, 683–693 (1997).
7. Sigrist, S. J. & Lehner, C. F. Drosophila fizzy-related down-regulates mitotic cyclins and is required for cell proliferation arrest and entry into endocycles. Cell 90, 671–681 (1997).
8. Li, M. et al. The adaptor protein of the anaphase promoting complex Cdh1 is essential in maintaining replicative lifespan and in learning and memory. Nat. Cell Biol. 10, 1083–1089 (2008).
9. Song, M. S. et al. Nuclear PTEN regulates the APC-CDH1 tumor-suppressive complex in a phosphatase-independent manner. Cell 144, 187–199 (2011).
10. Cebolla, A. et al. The mitotic inhibitor ccs52 is required for endoreduplication and ploidy-dependent cell enlargement in plants. EMBO J. 18, 4476–4484 (1999).
11. Vinardell, J. M. et al. Endoreduplication mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex activator CCS52A is required for symbiotic cell differentiation in Medicago truncatula nodules. Plant Cell 15, 2093–2105 (2003).
12. Lammens, T. et al. Atypical E2F activity restrains APC/CCCS52A2 function obligatory for endocycle onset. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 105, 14721–14726 (2008).
13. Larson-Rabin, Z., Li, Z., Masson, P. H. & Day, C. D. FZR2/CCS52A1 expression is a determinant of endoreduplication and cell expansion in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 149, 874–884 (2009).
14. Vanstraelen, M. et al. APC/CCCS52A complexes control meristem maintenance in the Arabidopsis root. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 11806–11811 (2009).
15. Mathieu-Rivet, E. et al. Functional analysis of the anaphase promoting complex activator CCS52A highlights the crucial role of endo-reduplication for fruit growth in tomato. Plant J. 62, 727–741 (2010).
16. Boudolf, V. et al. CDKB1;1 forms a functional complex with CYCA2;3 to suppress endocycle onset. Plant Physiol. 150, 1482–1493 (2009).
17. Heyman, J. et al. Arabidopsis ULTRAVIOLET-B-INSENSITIVE4 maintains cell division activity by temporal inhibition of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome. Plant Cell 23, 4394–4410 (2011).
18. Iwata, E. et al. GIGAS CELL1, a novel negative regulator of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome, is required for proper mitotic progression and cell fate determination in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 23, 4382–4393 (2011).
19. Blilou, I. et al. The Arabidopsis HOBBIT gene encodes a CDC27 homolog that links the plant cell cycle to progression of cell differentiation. Genes Dev. 16, 2566–2575 (2002).
20. Capron, A. et al. The Arabidopsis anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome: molecular and genetic characterization of the APC2 subunit. Plant Cell 15, 2370–2382 (2003).
21. Kwee, H. S. & Sundaresan, V. The NOMEGA gene required for female gametophyte development encodes the putative APC6/CDC16 component of the anaphase promoting complex in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 36, 853–866 (2003).
22. Wang, Y. et al. The Arabidopsis APC4 subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is critical for both female gametogenesis and embryogenesis. Plant J. 69, 227–240 (2012).
23. Zheng, B., Chen, X. & McCormick, S. The anaphase-promoting complex is a dual integrator that regulates both microRNA-mediated transcriptional regulation of cyclin B1 and degradation of Cyclin B1 during Arabidopsis male gametophyte development. Plant Cell 23, 1033–1046 (2011).
24. Marrocco, K., Thomann, A., Parmentier, Y., Genschik, P. & Criqui, M. C. The APC/C E3 ligase remains active in most post-mitotic Arabidopsis cells and is required for proper vasculature development and organization. Development 136, 1475–1485 (2009).
25. Eloy, N. B. et al. The APC/C subunit 10 plays an essential role in cell proliferation during leaf development. Plant J. 68, 351–363 (2011).
26. Kumar, M. et al. A candidate gene OsAPC6 of anaphase-promoting complex of rice identified through T-DNA insertion. Funct. Integr. Genomics 10, 349–358 (2010).
27. Kitamura, K., Maekawa, H. & Shimoda, C. Fission yeast Ste9, a homolog of Hct1/Cdh1 and Fizzy-related, is a novel negative regulator of cell cycle progression during G1-phase. Mol. Biol. Cell 9, 1065–1080 (1998).
28. Yamaguchi, S., Murakami, H. & Okayama, H. A WD repeat protein controls the cell cycle and differentiation by negatively regulating Cdc2/B-type cyclin complexes. Mol. Biol. Cell 8, 2475–2486 (1997).
29. Visintin, R., Prinz, S. & Amon, A. CDC20 and CDH1: a family of substrate-specific activators of APC-dependent proteolysis. Science 278, 460–463 (1997).
30. Schwab, M., Lutum, A. S. & Seufert, W. Yeast Hct1 is a regulator of Clb2 cyclin proteolysis. Cell 90, 683–693 (1997).
31. Sigrist, S. J. & Lehner, C. F. Drosophila fizzy-related down-regulates mitotic cyclins and is required for cell proliferation arrest and entry into endocycles. Cell 90, 671–681 (1997).
32. Li, M. et al. The adaptor protein of the anaphase promoting complex Cdh1 is essential in maintaining replicative lifespan and in learning and memory. Nat. Cell Biol. 10, 1083–1089 (2008).
33. Garcia-Higuera, I. et al. Genomic stability and tumour suppression by the APC/C cofactor Cdh1. Nat. Cell Biol. 10, 802–811 (2008).
34. Fang, G., Yu, H. & Kirschner, M. W. Direct binding of CDC20 protein family members activates the anaphase-promoting complex in mitosis and G1. Mol. Cell 2, 163–171 (1998).
35. Lima Mde, F. et al. Genomic evolution and complexity of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) in land plants. BMC Plant Biol. 10, 254 (2010).
36. Colon-Carmona, A., You, R., Haimovitch-Gal, T. & Doerner, P. Technical advance: spatio-temporal analysis of mitotic activity with a labile cyclin-GUS fusion protein. Plant J. 20, 503–508 (1999).
37. Umeda, M., Umeda-Hara, C., Yamaguchi, M., Hashimoto, J. & Uchimiya, H. Differential expression of genes for cyclin-dependent protein kinases in rice plants. Plant Physiol. 119, 31–40 (1999).
38. Glotzer, M., Murray, A. W. & Kirschner, M. W. Cyclin is degraded by the ubiquitin pathway. Nature 349, 132–138 (1991).

== Additional information ==
Supplementary Information accompanies this paper at http://www.nature.com/naturecommunications
Competing financial interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests.
Reprints and permission information is available online at http://npg.nature.com/reprintsandpermissions/
How to cite this article: Xu, C. et al. Degradation of MONOCULM 1 by APC/CTAD1 regulates rice tillering. Nat. Commun. 3:750 doi: 10.1038/ncomms1743 (2012).
License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Os11g0490600

2014-06-09T04:15:23Z

Xiangjianhenwan: /* References */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
LAZY1 (LA1) gene regulates shoot gravitropism by which the rice tiller angle is controlled. LA1, a novel grass-specific gene, is temporally and spatially expressed, and plays a negative role in polar auxin transport (PAT). Loss-of-function of LA1 enhances PAT greatly and thus alters the endogenous IAA distribution in shoots, leading to thereduced gravitropism, and therefore the tiller-spreading phenotype of rice plants.
LA1 is an essential regulator of tiller angle of rice, opening a promising way for
breeders to develop elite rice cultivars and other cereal crops with optimal plant architecture.
LA1ΔN100 is the truncated LA1 with a deletion of amino-acid residues1-100 that
contain a predicted transmembrane domain. LA1ΔNLS refers to the LA1 truncated from amino-acid residues 286 to 312, a segment containing a putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) domain. The 996-1571 bp region of the LA1 gene was subcloned into the T-easy vector and used as templates to generate sense and antisense RNA probes.
Rice LA1gene is responsible for the tiller-spreading phenotype of mutant plants.

== Mutation==
Mutations were also identified in the la1-Shiokari allele with a prostrate phenotype similar to la1-ZF802.[[File:Zhangshuling1.jpg]]
Sequence analysis revealed a single base substitute (TGG→TGA) at the second exon of LOC_Os03g03150 in tad1, which produces a premature stop codon. LOC_Os03g03150 is the TAD1 gene and the premature mutation is responsible for the phenotypes of the tad1 mutant plant.[[File:Zhangshuling2.jpg]]
TAD1 is involved in regulating the exit of mitosis and it is indeed a functional cell-cycle switch protein homolo¬gous to Cdh1.[[File:Zhangshuling3.jpg]]
Mutation in LA1 results in a significant increase in PAT and thus impairs the IAA differential distribution in la1-ZF802, which ultimately leads to a reduced gravitropic response in the mutant shoots.[[File:Zhangshuling4.jpg]]

== Expression==
LA1 is a finely regulated temporally and spatially expressed gene, and that the region of its specific expression may play an important role in controlling the rice tiller angle.[[File:Zhangshuling5.jpg]] [[File:Zhangshuling6.jpg]] [[File:Zhangshuling7.jpg]]

===Evolution===
LA1 may represent a new type of regulating proteins that shuttle between the plasma membrane and the nucleus. Further investigations of LA1 functions will allow for a better understanding of the mechanism underlying the monocotyledonous shoot gravitropism.

==Labs working on this gene==
1、State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2、State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China

==References==
1. Morita MT, Tasaka M. Gravity sensing and signaling. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2004; 7:712-718.
2. Perbal G, Driss-Ecole D. Mechanotransduction in gravisensing cells. Trends Plant Sci 2003; 8:498-504.
3.Fukaki H, Wysocka-Diller J, Kato T, Fujisawa H, Benfey PN Tasaka M. Genetic evidence that the endodermis is essential for shoot gravitropism in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 1998; 14:425-430.
4. Tsugeki R, Olson ML, Fedoroff NV. Transposon tagging and the study of root development in Arabidopsis. Gravit Space Biol Bull 1998; 11:79-87.
5. Moore I. Gravitropism: lateral thinking in auxin transport. CurrBiol 2002; 12:452-454.
6. Kim SK, Chang SC, Lee EJ, et al. Involvement of brassinosteroids in the gravitropic response of primary root of maize. Plant Physiol 2000; 123:997-1004.
7. Gutjahr C, Riemann M, Muller A, Duchting P, Weiler EW, Nick P. Cholodny-Went revisited: a role for jasmonate in gravitropism of rice coleoptiles. Planta 2005; 222:575-585.
8. Aloni R, Langhans M, Aloni E, Ullrich CI. Role of cytokinin in the regulation of root gravitropism. Planta 2004; 220:177-182.
9 Gutjahr C, Riemann M, Muller A, Duchting P, Weiler EW, Nick P. Cholodny-Went revisited: a role for jasmonate in gravitropism of rice coleoptiles. Planta 2005; 222:575-585.
10 Aloni R, Langhans M, Aloni E, Ullrich CI. Role of cytokinin in the regulation of root gravitropism. Planta 2004; 220:177-182.
11 Heilmann I, Shin J, Huang J, Perera IY, Davies E. Transient dissociation of polyribosomes and concurrent recruitment of calreticulin and calmodulin transcripts in gravistimulated maize pulvini. Plant Physiol 2001; 127:1193-1203.
12 Belyavskaya NA. Changes in calcium signalling, gravitropism, and statocyte ultrastructure in pea roots induced by calcium channel blockers. J Gravit Physiol 2004; 11:P209-P210.
13 Fasano JM, Swanson SJ, Blancaflor EB, Dowd PE, Kao TH, Gilroy S. Changes in root cap pH are required for the gravityresponse of the Arabidopsis root. Plant Cell 2001; 13:907-921.
14 Monshausen GB, Sievers A. Basipetal propagation of gravityinduced surface pH changes along primary roots of Lepidium sativum L. Planta 2002; 215:980-988.
15 Perera IY, Heilmann I, Chang SC, Boss WF, Kaufman PB. A role for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in gravitropic signaling and the retention of cold-perceived gravistimulation of ooat shoot pulvini. Plant Physiol 2001; 125:1499-1507.
16 Perera IY, Hung CY, Brady S, Muday GK, Boss WF. A universal role for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-mediated signaling in plant gravitropism. Plant Physiol 2006; 140:746-760.
17 Guan C, Rosen ES, Boonsirichai K, Poff KL, Masson PH. The ARG1-LIKE2 gene of Arabidopsis functions in a gravity signal transduction pathway that is genetically distinct from the PGM pathway. Plant Physiol 2003; 133:100-112.
18 Sedbrook JC, Chen R, Masson PH. ARG1 (Altered Response to Gravity) encodes a DnaJ-like protein that potentially interacts with the cytoskeleton. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96:1140-1145.
19 Went FW, Thimann KV, eds. Phytohormones. New York: Macmillan, 1937.
20 Richard D, Firn, Wagstaff C, Digby J. The use of mutants to probe models of gravitropism. J Exp Bot 2000; 51:1323-1340.

== Supplementary information==
It is linked to the online version of the paper on the Cell Research website.

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os11g0490600|
Description = Conserved hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001074458.1 GI:115485564 GeneID:4350543|
Length = 5524 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os11g0490600, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 11|Chromosome 11]]|
AP = Chromosome 11:19145382..19150905|
CDS = 19145410..19145415,19145782..19145851,19147818..19148686,19150064..19150349,19150566..19150585<br>|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008404:19145382..19150905
source=RiceChromosome11
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008404:19145382..19150905
source=RiceChromosome11
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgaagctcttaggttggatgcatcgaaagctacggagtaataatgacgtgttcaaagagttcaacaccggaggaggtggggcctgcaactgcatcaccgggcttgcctcgcctgaccacgacaacgactacttctccggcgacgacgccgcccacgcctcgccgccggtcaccgccggcgacctcttcaccttcggcggcagcggccttctcaccatcggcacgctaggcatcgccgccgtcgccattcccagcggcggcgacgacgacgactacgacatcgacttcgaggtggacgccaccagcgacgacgacggcggcttcaccgtcgaggacgacgacgccgacgtcggcggcgccgtcacgcccaccttcaccttccccgcggcgacggcggcggaggcggtcgtcgccaccgtggagaaggcagtggccgcggtggaggcgatcgcggagaaggacgacgacaccaccacggaggacgacctgatggtggtgagcgccgagctggagaaggtgctcggcggcgtcgacgtggcgtcggcgcgggtgagcttcgccatgggcggtggcgtcgactgcccgctccagggcttcctgttcggctccccggtgagcgacgtcgagtcgcgcccggagtacctgcaggcgccgcgggactcgtccggctcctgcggcggcggcgggcggcgcacctcgctcggcgagctgttcatgcgcacccgcttcgccgacgagaaggtggcgctcgtcgccgtcgccgagggcgaggacggcgtcgccggcgacgacggcgctgctgctgccggcgtcggcggagacagagcggggaaaggcggcggctacaagacgatgaagaagaggaaggtgaaggacgagaaaggcggcggcggcgccgccggcggtggaatgccggcgacggtgacgaagagcaagtttcagaagatccttcaaatcttccacaggaaagtctaccccgagaacacactcctcacaaggaatctgaccaagaagagccgcaaccgcggcgccaccgataatggcggtggcgccgtggccaccggagaccccgacgggcctctggcctcgccggtgctccggtgccggaaggaccatcccatgaggggcttcggctgctgcaccaatggcgccttcggtgcatcgtcaccgggaggcaacgccgagatgaacggcaacaagagcggccactggatcaagactgatgccgactacttggtgctggaattataa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MKLLGWMHRKLRSNNDVFKEFNTGGGGACNCITGLASPDHDNDY FSGDDAAHASPPVTAGDLFTFGGSGLLTIGTLGIAAVAIPSGGDDDDYDIDFEVDATS DDDGGFTVEDDDADVGGAVTPTFTFPAATAAEAVVATVEKAVAAVEAIAEKDDDTTTE DDLMVVSAELEKVLGGVDVASARVSFAMGGGVDCPLQGFLFGSPVSDVESRPEYLQAP RDSSGSCGGGGRRTSLGELFMRTRFADEKVALVAVAEGEDGVAGDDGAAAAGVGGDRA GKGGGYKTMKKRKVKDEKGGGGAAGGGMPATVTKSKFQKILQIFHRKVYPENTLLTRN LTKKSRNRGATDNGGGAVATGDPDGPLASPVLRCRKDHPMRGFGCCTNGAFGASSPGG NAEMNGNKSGHWIKTDADYLVLEL</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>29..34#401..470#2437..3305#4683..4968#5185..5204#atcttagcacgctaaaccggcttccaagatgaaggttagtgtttcatctattgaacatatccatgcttattagtttcgtaatgtagatactaagtttatgtatatgtagttctcttttggaacttgagttgttaatttctttttgtaaatattttttgtttggtttggttacgttgctggcctagctgatcatgctttctgggttgaataaatgtagctacaactattaatcctttattttgtttttccatcattgccgttgtcatcatctttcattgtcatcatcatcttctccttttgacgatcttcatcagatcttgatcaaaagtaatagaccatgcattttcatgattgatgaagttcataaaaatttctgatcctcatatgtgtatatgatcagctcttaggttggatgcatcgaaagctacggagtaataatgacgtgttcaaagagttcaacaccggaggaggtatgcacgcacaacttaattaatctattttttgtcctttttttcttatgtttaattgatgaagtataattgttttgaaaaatacagtagctcgtaacacaaacgcactcacctctagtactctctccagtgtttttatatattaaactaacgtcatataaaaaattgaagttagtatatatgtataatagttcatcggtacatgcagaaaaaaaaaagagtttgtctctggttttagatctgtaagcatgcccacaataatgagaaaaccactgcaaaattgttggccggccggtcccacatgtcattgaccagattagccgtctgaagtgctgaactgtatggaacactagcaatcatcaatgggagttttgcactcttgcgcttggtcacattggagatggcacatctatctataatatcacacatgccacttttcttccagcctcaatatctatagttccagcactagctagctagctagaccaactattgcatagcaagaaccctatattatcattttgcagataacattttcttttccatgtagtaacattgccatggaaagatcacgagggcatgtctatcttttgtgaaactctctctctctccttttgaaggcttcctttgagagttttctccttgttggactgttgctcttaggctcagcatgttaatatcagagttttcgcccgtttttcataaatcaattgtgccgttgtaagatttttgcgtccagttttccttataaactggacctctctgcctgtttcctcgagaaaaattgtccaagagcattctcgacgattcaacaactagaattcaacaaataaagatttttatatatggtgcatatggtacggtgagatattgtatttttagtgtgagataccaaaagagctacaacaaattaatacgataaaataagggaaatttcatggactaactagttagaaacatattttgagtaaatgaaaattttattttattaccttggtttacaaaagacttataataagtgctgtcaaacatctaaaatgttaaattcttaatagacgaaaagtattagaatttaaaacgtgaaaattatatactttttgatgaaaaatagtaggaatgtgaaaattatattagtagactttttttgatgaaaactctttcatatagttatatgttaattttttataactatatagtttgagaaagtaatcatataacttttgcattaaaaaatgtgtcaatgtccaaaacattatcttaattaacccggtccttctcctcccaaaggaacacataaaaaaggacaaaaaccaatacatcttgaaaaacttacatagaaaaagcttaatcatattttatatcaccctgatcccgttgcaacgcacatgaatgtaactatttctttttaaaatggtgttgtacttcataaatttgaaacaaaaaaaatacatataatgtaacccttttaatttctgaaacacatcaaaacttttctttctcaaaaaaaagaaaagaaaacacatgaaagcctgcataattttgcatgcaaatgatcgtactccttcctttttaaggttacaagactttcttacattacccaaatttatatagataataaatctagacacaaatatatgtgatttattaatatgtatatgaatgtgaacaatgccaaaaagtcttataatataaaatggagaaagtatttaatactccctcagtttctaaatatttgacaccattgattttttaaacatgtttaatcattcgtcttattcaaaaattttaagtaattattaattattttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttttatgtatacatataattttacgtatttcacaaaagtttttgataagacggacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagtcaactgtgtcagatatttagaaacggagggagtaattcactgtgtgactgcaggtggggcctgcaactgcatcaccgggcttgcctcgcctgaccacgacaacgactacttctccggcgacgacgccgcccacgcctcgccgccggtcaccgccggcgacctcttcaccttcggcggcagcggccttctcaccatcggcacgctaggcatcgccgccgtcgccattcccagcggcggcgacgacgacgactacgacatcgacttcgaggtggacgccaccagcgacgacgacggcggcttcaccgtcgaggacgacgacgccgacgtcggcggcgccgtcacgcccaccttcaccttccccgcggcgacggcggcggaggcggtcgtcgccaccgtggagaaggcagtggccgcggtggaggcgatcgcggagaaggacgacgacaccaccacggaggacgacctgatggtggtgagcgccgagctggagaaggtgctcggcggcgtcgacgtggcgtcggcgcgggtgagcttcgccatgggcggtggcgtcgactgcccgctccagggcttcctgttcggctccccggtgagcgacgtcgagtcgcgcccggagtacctgcaggcgccgcgggactcgtccggctcctgcggcggcggcgggcggcgcacctcgctcggcgagctgttcatgcgcacccgcttcgccgacgagaaggtggcgctcgtcgccgtcgccgagggcgaggacggcgtcgccggcgacgacggcgctgctgctgccggcgtcggcggagacagagcggggaaaggcggcggctacaagacgatgaagaagaggaaggtgaaggacgagaaaggcggcggcggcgccgccggcggtggaatgccggcgacggtgacgaagagcaagtttcagaaggtaacttttttttttgttgttgctagcattttaatttgctttgaagaaaactataaaatatctgcaattttggctgactatttcatgaggtttccttggatatgatcatttgattaattagttcgttcgattgctatagttttagttcatttttctttaattaatttgtaataaaactcaagagttattgtgagttttttttttattatttttgcttcagtacgtgcattttctactagtgaaacttcaatattaaccaggccagtcgacatttcttaattgtgatttgatttaagggtcaagattagaactatagattgaatatgcaaagtttcagctcggacgacatttgaacatttgactaattatatatttccgagttcaattgtttgccggtaaaattctgaacttgcagttggaacattcaagattcaactctgattcacatgatctcgaactcaatatctccaactttataaaaagacaaaaagattactgctcaacggtgagtttaatgaaggaatgctcatcacagcaaatccataattctatataactctctgtaatatgtaatggtaagaaacagatattcatgattaaatcatttttccccttcagaaagaaatactgatttttcgtggtacatccaaaattactccaaagtttacactgaatttcacgctgttcttggtgtttaagattaattttaggtagatattttctagtcccgcaacaaagctgacaatgaaaaccccaaaactaatcctaaatgaaattctaaaattaagaaaaacagctttagattataaattttaatagtaagtccaaggaaatagccagcaatgttaataagattgctgataagaatatataacagtttggagccaatccatttcacatgtgtatcctgctctgggacataagtagacacaaatcccgagttttgactatcatctcataatcggaagatctttcactgtgtcgtcagattcgagttaagtttctgtagaccaacttggtgtgtcaatggtgttgttaggagtggggatactgggggcagtgagttgacatgcgatttgtttgcaatctcctgtctaatgctatctttatggatcatttcatttgtcatttttcgtttgccccataaacaacaagggattcttgatttgatatattatacatccttctaggtgctctcttgcatttcttttccttggagagatgctccaaatatccctcaaaagaaattctagattccttttgctactacttggtacttacatttaattttgttacaacgaatgaaagaaactgagtttcagaaagtgatcaaaagttgacaatgttctgaaatgaggaaacatctgctcattgcagatccttcaaatcttccacaggaaagtctaccccgagaacacactcctcacaaggaatctgaccaagaagagccgcaaccgcggcgccaccgataatggcggtggcgccgtggccaccggagaccccgacgggcctctggcctcgccggtgctccggtgccggaaggaccatcccatgaggggcttcggctgctgcaccaatggcgccttcggtgcatcgtcaccgggaggcaacgccgagatgaacggcaacaagagcggccactggatcaagactgatgccgactgtgagtagcactgcacaccttggtgtctccatccatcttcaatggatctatctttgcaatcatgcattcagtcttgacagctacatctttccatactatttttggggaatcttccaagagctatccatcactagtttctgagttactgtgtgctgatgcacacactgcaaacattgtgctttttcactgaaaccctgtctctctgatctgatgcagacttggtgctggaattataatggggaaaagaagaggagctatttgtttcatcaagaattaaagcttgaatagtgagcatctcatatatatgaatatgtgcttgctgttacaatataatctctatctgtttggtatagaagggcttgaatgtgctgtatatgtcactatatattgggggggagaggattactatgagatcaactcataagtgtgtggtgtttatatacattgctctgtgaatgtatgacagagatcagaacttaatgtattgtatgctttcttgatgtgattggtgtttatgagcctagctgatggcaatattgtgtgtgggtccacccct</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001074458.1 RefSeq:Os11g0490600]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 11]]
[[Category:Chromosome 11]]

Os03g03150

2014-06-09T04:10:40Z

Xiangjianhenwan: /* References */

Os03g03150