Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
The '''''MOC1''''' gene plays an important role in the control of rice tillering, encoding a putative '''''GRAS''''' family nuclear protein that is expressed mainly in the axillary buds and functions to initiate axillary buds and to promote their outgrowth<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. In the case of the rice plant, more tillering equates to more grain-bearing branches, hence a higher grain yield. We can see the tillering phenomena from figure 1. Besides, as an member of the plant-specific GRAS family proteins that function in diverse aspects of plant development, including signal transduction, meristem maintenance and development<ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />, and as transcription factors <ref name="ref5" />,''''' MOC1''''' might also function as a transcription factor<ref name="ref1" />. '''''MOC1''''' is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor (Ls) gene<ref name="ref1" />. '''''Ls''''' loss-of-function mutations cause a branchless phenotype owing to a failure in axillary meristem initiation<ref name="ref6" />. These results suggest that both '''''Ls''''' and '''''MOC1''''' function as positive regulators of lateral branching.
[[File:Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant.jpg|right|thumb|150px|“Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant. ”(from reference <ref name="ref7" />).'']]

===Mutation===
To identify genes involved in the control of rice tillering, Li et al. have screened for mutants with altered tiller numbers from collections derived from spontaneous mutations or g-ray radiation and ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis, and they found that '''''moc1''''' plants nearly completely lose their tillering ability after a spontaneous '''''moc1''''' mutant, producing only one main culm, in contrast to the multiple tillers in wild-type plants<ref name="ref1" />. They amplified the corresponding ORF from '''''moc1''''' and wild-type plants with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced it. DNA sequence comparison revealed a 1.9-kb retrotransposon inserted in this ORF in the '''''moc1''''' mutant. Confirmation of the retrotransposon-interrupted ORF as '''''MOC1''''' was achieved by functional complementation<ref name="ref1" />. Genetic analysis with reciprocal crosses between moc1 and wild-type plants revealed that '''''moc1''''' possesses a recessive mutation in a single nuclear locus<ref name="ref1" />.
We can see the effects of '''''moc1''''' mutant on rice tillering from the following picture 2.
[[File:Moc1 mutant.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Figure 2． Phenotype and complementation of the moc1 mutant.(from reference <ref name="ref1" />).'']]

===Expression===
The '''''MOC1''''' spatial and temporal expression patterns revealed by RNA in situ hybridization are consistent with the function of '''''MOC1''''' for axillary meristem initiation and tiller bud formation. '''''MOC1''''' expression is detectable in a small number of epidermal or subepidermal cells at the leaf axils before any visible morphological changes at the position where axillary meristems will initiate. Thereafter, '''''MOC1''''' is mainly expressed in the protuberance and axillary meristem and extended to the entire tiller bud including the axillary leaf primordia and young leaves, whereas no signal could be observed in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) <ref name="ref1" />.
Slight overexpression of the '''''MOC1''''' gene can increased tiller number and reduced plant height<ref name="ref1" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="1"|Gene amplication
| | 5’ -TCGTTGTAGTAGCTCT GGTG-3’
| | 5’-CTAACTAGAGATCGAGTAGC-3'<ref name="ref1" />
|-
| rowspan="1"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-AGACGCTCGCCGTGAACT-3'
| | 5'-GCCTTCACCCACTTCAAGA-3'<ref name="ref8" />
|}

===Evolution===
'''''MONOCULM1'''''('''''MOC1''''') genomic regions were sequenced and compared across 14 Oryza genomes by Lu et al, and the result of genomic alignment of the '''''MOC1''''' region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes can be seen from Fig.3<ref name="ref2" />.
[[File:Evolution fig3.jpg|right|thumb|150px|"Genomic alignment of the MOC1 region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes. The species are ordered by genome type. Horizontal light blue bars represent genomic sequence in the MOC1 region. Gene models are shown in black rectangles. Transposons (at least 1 kb) are shown in red and pink for retrotransposons and DNA transposons, respectively. Lines/curves connect orthologous genes with each other and orthologous transposons with each other" (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
 
Sequencing and annotation of the '''''MOC1''''' region of the 14 Oryza species, including 10 diploids and 4 allotetraploids, revealed highly conserved gene colinearity and structure in the '''''MOC1''''' region<ref name="ref2" />. Large and apparently noncoding sequences flanking the '''''MOC1''''' gene were observed to be under strong purifying selection<ref name="ref2" />. '''''MOC1''''' is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor ('''''Ls''''') gene. Rice '''''MONOCULM1''''' ('''''MOC1''''') and Arabidopsis '''''LATERAL SUPPRESSOR''''' ('''''LAS''''') are orthologs, which play important roles in axillary meristems initiation in rice and Arabidopsis<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref9" />.

===Knowledge Extension===
'''''TEOSINTE BRANCHED1''''' ('''''TB1''''') encodes a putative transcription factor of the TCP protein family, and impairment of '''''TB1''''' leading to enhance lateral branching in maize suggests its negative regulatory role in controlling the axillary bud outgrowth<ref name="ref10" /><ref name="ref11" />. The rice ortholog '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FINE CULM1''''' ('''''FC1''''') shows similar characteristics and therefore also negatively regulates rice tillering <ref name="ref12" />. Consistent with the function of '''''TB1''''' in maize, overexpression of '''''OsTB1''''' reduces rice tillers severely while its loss-of-function mutation in the classical mutant fine culm (fcn1) promotes the outgrowth of rice tillers[7]. The results reveal that the pivotal role of '''''OsTB1''''' is to control the outgrowth of rice tiller buds rather than the initiation of tiller buds<ref name="ref12" />. D10 also functions as a negative regulator and works independently of '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FC1''''' in rice<ref name="ref13" />.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
*China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
*Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
*Shanghai 200032, China
*National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
*The National Center for Agricultural Biodiversity, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management,Key *Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; bArizona
*Genomics Institute, Department of Plant Sciences, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721; cDepartment of Agronomy, Purdue University,West *Lafayette, IN 47907
*Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crop, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
*Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7223

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Li X, Qian Q, Fu Z, Wang Y, Xiong G, Zeng D, Wang X, Liu X, Teng S, Hiroshi F et al. Control of tillering in rice[J]. Nature 2003, 422:618-621.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Fei Lua,1, Jetty S. S. Ammirajub,1, Abhijit Sanyalc,1, Shengli Zhanga,1,2, Rentao Song, et al. Comparative sequence analysis of MONOCULM1-orthologous regions in 14 Oryza genomes[J]. PNAS. 2009, 106 (6 )2071–2076.</ref>
<ref name="ref3"> Richards, D.E., Peng, J. and Harberd, N.P. Plant GRAS and metazoan STATs: one family?[J]. Bioessays. 2000, 22: 573–577.</ref>
<ref name="ref4"> Bolle, C. The role of GRAS proteins in plant signal transduction and
Development[J]. Planta. 2004, 218: 683–692.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Pysh, L.D., Wysocka-Diller, J.W., Camilleri, C., Bouchez, D.and Benfey, P.N. The GRAS gene family in Arabidopsis: sequence characterization and basic expression analysis of the SCARECROW-LIKE genes[J]. Plant J. 1999, 18: 111–119.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">↑ K. Schumacher, T. Schmitt, M. Rossberg, G. Schmitz, K. Theres The Lateral suppressor (Ls) gene of tomato encodes a new member of the VHIID protein family[J]. PNAS. 1999, 96:290–295.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Yonghong Wang and Jiayang Li. The plant architecture of rice (Oryza sativa)[J]. Plant Molecular Biology. 2005, 59:75–84.</ref>
<ref name="ref8"> Gao Dong, Sun Hongwei, Liu Xueqing, He Xiahong, Wang Yunyue. et al. Establishment of Real-time TaqMan-Fluorescence Quantitative RT-PCR Assay for Detection of MOC1 mRNA Expression in Rice[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding. 2008, 6(6), 1197-1203.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Greb T, Clarenz O, Schafer E, Muller D, Herrero R, Schmitz G, Theres K. Molecular analysis of the LATERAL SUPPRESSOR gene in Arabidopsis reveals a conserved control mechanism for axillary meristem formation[J]. Genes Dev. 2003, 17:1175-1187.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Doebley, J., Stec, A. and Gustus, C. Teosinte branched1 and the origin of maize: evidence for epistasis and the evolution of dominance[J]. Genetics. 1995, 141: 333–346.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Doebley J, Stec A, Hubbard L. The evolution of apical dominance in maize[J]. Nature 1997, 386:485-488.</ref>
<ref name="ref12">Takeda T, Suwa Y, Suzuki M, Kitano M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Ashikari M, Matsuoka M, Ueguchi C. The OsTB1 gene negatively regulates lateral branching in rice[J]. Plant J 2003, 33:513-520.</ref>
<ref name="ref13"> Arite T, Iwata H, Ohshima K, Maekawa M, Nakajima M, Kojima M, Sakakibara H, Kyozuka J. DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice[J]. Plant J 2007, 51:1019-1029.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0610300|
Description = Conserved hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001064587.1 GI:115468905 GeneID:4341506|
Length = 626 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0610300, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:25189473..25190098|
CDS = 25189730..25189909|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:25189473..25190098
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:25189473..25190098
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcaatgtgaaacactgacacagctagaccaggtgtggggggtgtgcttgttcttgttgcaaggaagttatctggaggccatcatcaatgaagatcccaccaagggacaaaacatgagatggttggagacttgggtctgtctagtctctattcaaccatttaaagcattgcgtgtgtag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MQCETLTQLDQVWGVCLFLLQGSYLEAIINEDPTKGQNMRWLET WVCLVSIQPFKALRV</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>258..437#attcactcatgagttaaaattttactcggagttaaattttaactcatgatgacgtaaacgaatctcggacgtccatttctcgatccaatggtagttttcaagttttcactacatatgtggtttgtactgtatattttcccttgcatctccatgtatctcaaaagttacatgagtggcacttgctactgtgcatgtagtatgtgtagcagctaggttataaatttctttatgtgtaacatgtgtgtgatgcatagtatatgcaatgtgaaacactgacacagctagaccaggtgtggggggtgtgcttgttcttgttgcaaggaagttatctggaggccatcatcaatgaagatcccaccaagggacaaaacatgagatggttggagacttgggtctgtctagtctctattcaaccatttaaagcattgcgtgtgtaggctacactcggagagagaacacagagcagccgtccaaaccgtctgaaatgataacttactctaagctagtaggagtgctagtagtaccctctatatgtgcaattttattcgttaaaaaggtttccatgcatgcttttttagtttatcaatagcctaaaccttttgaattattaagagttaattagtccc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001064587.1 RefSeq:Os06g0610300]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

File:Evolution fig3.jpg

2014-05-11T11:24:54Z

Yonglejiang:

Os06g0610300

2014-05-11T11:20:45Z

Yonglejiang: /* Mutation */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
The '''''MOC1''''' gene plays an important role in the control of rice tillering, encoding a putative '''''GRAS''''' family nuclear protein that is expressed mainly in the axillary buds and functions to initiate axillary buds and to promote their outgrowth<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. In the case of the rice plant, more tillering equates to more grain-bearing branches, hence a higher grain yield. We can see the tillering phenomena from figure 1. Besides, as an member of the plant-specific GRAS family proteins that function in diverse aspects of plant development, including signal transduction, meristem maintenance and development<ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />, and as transcription factors <ref name="ref5" />,''''' MOC1''''' might also function as a transcription factor<ref name="ref1" />. '''''MOC1''''' is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor (Ls) gene<ref name="ref1" />. '''''Ls''''' loss-of-function mutations cause a branchless phenotype owing to a failure in axillary meristem initiation<ref name="ref6" />. These results suggest that both '''''Ls''''' and '''''MOC1''''' function as positive regulators of lateral branching.
[[File:Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant.jpg|right|thumb|150px|“Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant. ”(from reference <ref name="ref7" />).'']]

===Mutation===
To identify genes involved in the control of rice tillering, Li et al. have screened for mutants with altered tiller numbers from collections derived from spontaneous mutations or g-ray radiation and ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis, and they found that '''''moc1''''' plants nearly completely lose their tillering ability after a spontaneous '''''moc1''''' mutant, producing only one main culm, in contrast to the multiple tillers in wild-type plants<ref name="ref1" />. They amplified the corresponding ORF from '''''moc1''''' and wild-type plants with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced it. DNA sequence comparison revealed a 1.9-kb retrotransposon inserted in this ORF in the '''''moc1''''' mutant. Confirmation of the retrotransposon-interrupted ORF as '''''MOC1''''' was achieved by functional complementation<ref name="ref1" />. Genetic analysis with reciprocal crosses between moc1 and wild-type plants revealed that '''''moc1''''' possesses a recessive mutation in a single nuclear locus<ref name="ref1" />.
We can see the effects of '''''moc1''''' mutant on rice tillering from the following picture 2.
[[File:Moc1 mutant.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Figure 2． Phenotype and complementation of the moc1 mutant.(from reference <ref name="ref1" />).'']]

===Expression===
The '''''MOC1''''' spatial and temporal expression patterns revealed by RNA in situ hybridization are consistent with the function of '''''MOC1''''' for axillary meristem initiation and tiller bud formation. '''''MOC1''''' expression is detectable in a small number of epidermal or subepidermal cells at the leaf axils before any visible morphological changes at the position where axillary meristems will initiate. Thereafter, '''''MOC1''''' is mainly expressed in the protuberance and axillary meristem and extended to the entire tiller bud including the axillary leaf primordia and young leaves, whereas no signal could be observed in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) <ref name="ref1" />.
Slight overexpression of the '''''MOC1''''' gene can increased tiller number and reduced plant height<ref name="ref1" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="1"|Gene amplication
| | 5’ -TCGTTGTAGTAGCTCT GGTG-3’
| | 5’-CTAACTAGAGATCGAGTAGC-3'<ref name="ref1" />
|-
| rowspan="1"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-AGACGCTCGCCGTGAACT-3'
| | 5'-GCCTTCACCCACTTCAAGA-3'<ref name="ref8" />
|}

===Evolution===
'''''MONOCULM1'''''('''''MOC1''''') genomic regions were sequenced and compared across 14 Oryza genomes by Lu et al, and the result of genomic alignment of the '''''MOC1''''' region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes can be seen from Fig.3<ref name="ref2" />.

 
Sequencing and annotation of the '''''MOC1''''' region of the 14 Oryza species, including 10 diploids and 4 allotetraploids, revealed highly conserved gene colinearity and structure in the '''''MOC1''''' region<ref name="ref2" />. Large and apparently noncoding sequences flanking the '''''MOC1''''' gene were observed to be under strong purifying selection<ref name="ref2" />. '''''MOC1''''' is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor ('''''Ls''''') gene. Rice '''''MONOCULM1''''' ('''''MOC1''''') and Arabidopsis '''''LATERAL SUPPRESSOR''''' ('''''LAS''''') are orthologs, which play important roles in axillary meristems initiation in rice and Arabidopsis<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref9" />.

===Knowledge Extension===
'''''TEOSINTE BRANCHED1''''' ('''''TB1''''') encodes a putative transcription factor of the TCP protein family, and impairment of '''''TB1''''' leading to enhance lateral branching in maize suggests its negative regulatory role in controlling the axillary bud outgrowth<ref name="ref10" /><ref name="ref11" />. The rice ortholog '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FINE CULM1''''' ('''''FC1''''') shows similar characteristics and therefore also negatively regulates rice tillering <ref name="ref12" />. Consistent with the function of '''''TB1''''' in maize, overexpression of '''''OsTB1''''' reduces rice tillers severely while its loss-of-function mutation in the classical mutant fine culm (fcn1) promotes the outgrowth of rice tillers[7]. The results reveal that the pivotal role of '''''OsTB1''''' is to control the outgrowth of rice tiller buds rather than the initiation of tiller buds<ref name="ref12" />. D10 also functions as a negative regulator and works independently of '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FC1''''' in rice<ref name="ref13" />.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
*China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
*Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
*Shanghai 200032, China
*National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
*The National Center for Agricultural Biodiversity, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management,Key *Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; bArizona
*Genomics Institute, Department of Plant Sciences, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721; cDepartment of Agronomy, Purdue University,West *Lafayette, IN 47907
*Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crop, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
*Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7223

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Li X, Qian Q, Fu Z, Wang Y, Xiong G, Zeng D, Wang X, Liu X, Teng S, Hiroshi F et al. Control of tillering in rice[J]. Nature 2003, 422:618-621.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Fei Lua,1, Jetty S. S. Ammirajub,1, Abhijit Sanyalc,1, Shengli Zhanga,1,2, Rentao Song, et al. Comparative sequence analysis of MONOCULM1-orthologous regions in 14 Oryza genomes[J]. PNAS. 2009, 106 (6 )2071–2076.</ref>
<ref name="ref3"> Richards, D.E., Peng, J. and Harberd, N.P. Plant GRAS and metazoan STATs: one family?[J]. Bioessays. 2000, 22: 573–577.</ref>
<ref name="ref4"> Bolle, C. The role of GRAS proteins in plant signal transduction and
Development[J]. Planta. 2004, 218: 683–692.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Pysh, L.D., Wysocka-Diller, J.W., Camilleri, C., Bouchez, D.and Benfey, P.N. The GRAS gene family in Arabidopsis: sequence characterization and basic expression analysis of the SCARECROW-LIKE genes[J]. Plant J. 1999, 18: 111–119.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">↑ K. Schumacher, T. Schmitt, M. Rossberg, G. Schmitz, K. Theres The Lateral suppressor (Ls) gene of tomato encodes a new member of the VHIID protein family[J]. PNAS. 1999, 96:290–295.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Yonghong Wang and Jiayang Li. The plant architecture of rice (Oryza sativa)[J]. Plant Molecular Biology. 2005, 59:75–84.</ref>
<ref name="ref8"> Gao Dong, Sun Hongwei, Liu Xueqing, He Xiahong, Wang Yunyue. et al. Establishment of Real-time TaqMan-Fluorescence Quantitative RT-PCR Assay for Detection of MOC1 mRNA Expression in Rice[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding. 2008, 6(6), 1197-1203.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Greb T, Clarenz O, Schafer E, Muller D, Herrero R, Schmitz G, Theres K. Molecular analysis of the LATERAL SUPPRESSOR gene in Arabidopsis reveals a conserved control mechanism for axillary meristem formation[J]. Genes Dev. 2003, 17:1175-1187.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Doebley, J., Stec, A. and Gustus, C. Teosinte branched1 and the origin of maize: evidence for epistasis and the evolution of dominance[J]. Genetics. 1995, 141: 333–346.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Doebley J, Stec A, Hubbard L. The evolution of apical dominance in maize[J]. Nature 1997, 386:485-488.</ref>
<ref name="ref12">Takeda T, Suwa Y, Suzuki M, Kitano M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Ashikari M, Matsuoka M, Ueguchi C. The OsTB1 gene negatively regulates lateral branching in rice[J]. Plant J 2003, 33:513-520.</ref>
<ref name="ref13"> Arite T, Iwata H, Ohshima K, Maekawa M, Nakajima M, Kojima M, Sakakibara H, Kyozuka J. DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice[J]. Plant J 2007, 51:1019-1029.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0610300|
Description = Conserved hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001064587.1 GI:115468905 GeneID:4341506|
Length = 626 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0610300, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:25189473..25190098|
CDS = 25189730..25189909|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:25189473..25190098
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:25189473..25190098
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcaatgtgaaacactgacacagctagaccaggtgtggggggtgtgcttgttcttgttgcaaggaagttatctggaggccatcatcaatgaagatcccaccaagggacaaaacatgagatggttggagacttgggtctgtctagtctctattcaaccatttaaagcattgcgtgtgtag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MQCETLTQLDQVWGVCLFLLQGSYLEAIINEDPTKGQNMRWLET WVCLVSIQPFKALRV</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>258..437#attcactcatgagttaaaattttactcggagttaaattttaactcatgatgacgtaaacgaatctcggacgtccatttctcgatccaatggtagttttcaagttttcactacatatgtggtttgtactgtatattttcccttgcatctccatgtatctcaaaagttacatgagtggcacttgctactgtgcatgtagtatgtgtagcagctaggttataaatttctttatgtgtaacatgtgtgtgatgcatagtatatgcaatgtgaaacactgacacagctagaccaggtgtggggggtgtgcttgttcttgttgcaaggaagttatctggaggccatcatcaatgaagatcccaccaagggacaaaacatgagatggttggagacttgggtctgtctagtctctattcaaccatttaaagcattgcgtgtgtaggctacactcggagagagaacacagagcagccgtccaaaccgtctgaaatgataacttactctaagctagtaggagtgctagtagtaccctctatatgtgcaattttattcgttaaaaaggtttccatgcatgcttttttagtttatcaatagcctaaaccttttgaattattaagagttaattagtccc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001064587.1 RefSeq:Os06g0610300]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

Os06g0610300

2014-05-11T11:19:43Z

Yonglejiang: /* Mutation */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
The '''''MOC1''''' gene plays an important role in the control of rice tillering, encoding a putative '''''GRAS''''' family nuclear protein that is expressed mainly in the axillary buds and functions to initiate axillary buds and to promote their outgrowth<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. In the case of the rice plant, more tillering equates to more grain-bearing branches, hence a higher grain yield. We can see the tillering phenomena from figure 1. Besides, as an member of the plant-specific GRAS family proteins that function in diverse aspects of plant development, including signal transduction, meristem maintenance and development<ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />, and as transcription factors <ref name="ref5" />,''''' MOC1''''' might also function as a transcription factor<ref name="ref1" />. '''''MOC1''''' is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor (Ls) gene<ref name="ref1" />. '''''Ls''''' loss-of-function mutations cause a branchless phenotype owing to a failure in axillary meristem initiation<ref name="ref6" />. These results suggest that both '''''Ls''''' and '''''MOC1''''' function as positive regulators of lateral branching.
[[File:Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant.jpg|right|thumb|150px|“Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant. ”(from reference <ref name="ref7" />).'']]

===Mutation===
To identify genes involved in the control of rice tillering, Li et al. have screened for mutants with altered tiller numbers from collections derived from spontaneous mutations or g-ray radiation and ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis, and they found that '''''moc1''''' plants nearly completely lose their tillering ability after a spontaneous '''''moc1''''' mutant, producing only one main culm, in contrast to the multiple tillers in wild-type plants<ref name="ref1" />. They amplified the corresponding ORF from '''''moc1''''' and wild-type plants with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced it. DNA sequence comparison revealed a 1.9-kb retrotransposon inserted in this ORF in the '''''moc1''''' mutant. Confirmation of the retrotransposon-interrupted ORF as '''''MOC1''''' was achieved by functional complementation<ref name="ref1" />. Genetic analysis with reciprocal crosses between moc1 and wild-type plants revealed that '''''moc1''''' possesses a recessive mutation in a single nuclear locus<ref name="ref1" />.
We can see the effects of '''''moc1''''' mutant on rice tillering from the following picture 2.
[[File:Moc1 mutant.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Figure 2． Phenotype and complementation of the moc1 mutant. a–f, Comparison of
tillering abilities between wild-type and moc1 plants at the onset of tillering stage (a, b), at the peak of tillering stage (c, d), and at the heading stage (e, f). Arrows show emerging tillers in wild-type plants or empty leaf sheaths in the moc1 mutant. g, h, Panicles of wildtype and moc1 plants. Arrows show bract nodes missing rachis-branches in the moc1 plant. i, j, The moc1 plants harbouring one and three MOC1 transgene copies[1] .
(from reference <ref name="ref1" />).'']]

===Expression===
The '''''MOC1''''' spatial and temporal expression patterns revealed by RNA in situ hybridization are consistent with the function of '''''MOC1''''' for axillary meristem initiation and tiller bud formation. '''''MOC1''''' expression is detectable in a small number of epidermal or subepidermal cells at the leaf axils before any visible morphological changes at the position where axillary meristems will initiate. Thereafter, '''''MOC1''''' is mainly expressed in the protuberance and axillary meristem and extended to the entire tiller bud including the axillary leaf primordia and young leaves, whereas no signal could be observed in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) <ref name="ref1" />.
Slight overexpression of the '''''MOC1''''' gene can increased tiller number and reduced plant height<ref name="ref1" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="1"|Gene amplication
| | 5’ -TCGTTGTAGTAGCTCT GGTG-3’
| | 5’-CTAACTAGAGATCGAGTAGC-3'<ref name="ref1" />
|-
| rowspan="1"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-AGACGCTCGCCGTGAACT-3'
| | 5'-GCCTTCACCCACTTCAAGA-3'<ref name="ref8" />
|}

===Evolution===
'''''MONOCULM1'''''('''''MOC1''''') genomic regions were sequenced and compared across 14 Oryza genomes by Lu et al, and the result of genomic alignment of the '''''MOC1''''' region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes can be seen from Fig.3<ref name="ref2" />.

 
Sequencing and annotation of the '''''MOC1''''' region of the 14 Oryza species, including 10 diploids and 4 allotetraploids, revealed highly conserved gene colinearity and structure in the '''''MOC1''''' region<ref name="ref2" />. Large and apparently noncoding sequences flanking the '''''MOC1''''' gene were observed to be under strong purifying selection<ref name="ref2" />. '''''MOC1''''' is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor ('''''Ls''''') gene. Rice '''''MONOCULM1''''' ('''''MOC1''''') and Arabidopsis '''''LATERAL SUPPRESSOR''''' ('''''LAS''''') are orthologs, which play important roles in axillary meristems initiation in rice and Arabidopsis<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref9" />.

===Knowledge Extension===
'''''TEOSINTE BRANCHED1''''' ('''''TB1''''') encodes a putative transcription factor of the TCP protein family, and impairment of '''''TB1''''' leading to enhance lateral branching in maize suggests its negative regulatory role in controlling the axillary bud outgrowth<ref name="ref10" /><ref name="ref11" />. The rice ortholog '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FINE CULM1''''' ('''''FC1''''') shows similar characteristics and therefore also negatively regulates rice tillering <ref name="ref12" />. Consistent with the function of '''''TB1''''' in maize, overexpression of '''''OsTB1''''' reduces rice tillers severely while its loss-of-function mutation in the classical mutant fine culm (fcn1) promotes the outgrowth of rice tillers[7]. The results reveal that the pivotal role of '''''OsTB1''''' is to control the outgrowth of rice tiller buds rather than the initiation of tiller buds<ref name="ref12" />. D10 also functions as a negative regulator and works independently of '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FC1''''' in rice<ref name="ref13" />.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
*China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
*Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
*Shanghai 200032, China
*National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
*The National Center for Agricultural Biodiversity, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management,Key *Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; bArizona
*Genomics Institute, Department of Plant Sciences, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721; cDepartment of Agronomy, Purdue University,West *Lafayette, IN 47907
*Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crop, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
*Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7223

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Li X, Qian Q, Fu Z, Wang Y, Xiong G, Zeng D, Wang X, Liu X, Teng S, Hiroshi F et al. Control of tillering in rice[J]. Nature 2003, 422:618-621.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Fei Lua,1, Jetty S. S. Ammirajub,1, Abhijit Sanyalc,1, Shengli Zhanga,1,2, Rentao Song, et al. Comparative sequence analysis of MONOCULM1-orthologous regions in 14 Oryza genomes[J]. PNAS. 2009, 106 (6 )2071–2076.</ref>
<ref name="ref3"> Richards, D.E., Peng, J. and Harberd, N.P. Plant GRAS and metazoan STATs: one family?[J]. Bioessays. 2000, 22: 573–577.</ref>
<ref name="ref4"> Bolle, C. The role of GRAS proteins in plant signal transduction and
Development[J]. Planta. 2004, 218: 683–692.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Pysh, L.D., Wysocka-Diller, J.W., Camilleri, C., Bouchez, D.and Benfey, P.N. The GRAS gene family in Arabidopsis: sequence characterization and basic expression analysis of the SCARECROW-LIKE genes[J]. Plant J. 1999, 18: 111–119.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">↑ K. Schumacher, T. Schmitt, M. Rossberg, G. Schmitz, K. Theres The Lateral suppressor (Ls) gene of tomato encodes a new member of the VHIID protein family[J]. PNAS. 1999, 96:290–295.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Yonghong Wang and Jiayang Li. The plant architecture of rice (Oryza sativa)[J]. Plant Molecular Biology. 2005, 59:75–84.</ref>
<ref name="ref8"> Gao Dong, Sun Hongwei, Liu Xueqing, He Xiahong, Wang Yunyue. et al. Establishment of Real-time TaqMan-Fluorescence Quantitative RT-PCR Assay for Detection of MOC1 mRNA Expression in Rice[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding. 2008, 6(6), 1197-1203.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Greb T, Clarenz O, Schafer E, Muller D, Herrero R, Schmitz G, Theres K. Molecular analysis of the LATERAL SUPPRESSOR gene in Arabidopsis reveals a conserved control mechanism for axillary meristem formation[J]. Genes Dev. 2003, 17:1175-1187.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Doebley, J., Stec, A. and Gustus, C. Teosinte branched1 and the origin of maize: evidence for epistasis and the evolution of dominance[J]. Genetics. 1995, 141: 333–346.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Doebley J, Stec A, Hubbard L. The evolution of apical dominance in maize[J]. Nature 1997, 386:485-488.</ref>
<ref name="ref12">Takeda T, Suwa Y, Suzuki M, Kitano M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Ashikari M, Matsuoka M, Ueguchi C. The OsTB1 gene negatively regulates lateral branching in rice[J]. Plant J 2003, 33:513-520.</ref>
<ref name="ref13"> Arite T, Iwata H, Ohshima K, Maekawa M, Nakajima M, Kojima M, Sakakibara H, Kyozuka J. DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice[J]. Plant J 2007, 51:1019-1029.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0610300|
Description = Conserved hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001064587.1 GI:115468905 GeneID:4341506|
Length = 626 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0610300, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:25189473..25190098|
CDS = 25189730..25189909|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:25189473..25190098
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:25189473..25190098
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcaatgtgaaacactgacacagctagaccaggtgtggggggtgtgcttgttcttgttgcaaggaagttatctggaggccatcatcaatgaagatcccaccaagggacaaaacatgagatggttggagacttgggtctgtctagtctctattcaaccatttaaagcattgcgtgtgtag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MQCETLTQLDQVWGVCLFLLQGSYLEAIINEDPTKGQNMRWLET WVCLVSIQPFKALRV</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>258..437#attcactcatgagttaaaattttactcggagttaaattttaactcatgatgacgtaaacgaatctcggacgtccatttctcgatccaatggtagttttcaagttttcactacatatgtggtttgtactgtatattttcccttgcatctccatgtatctcaaaagttacatgagtggcacttgctactgtgcatgtagtatgtgtagcagctaggttataaatttctttatgtgtaacatgtgtgtgatgcatagtatatgcaatgtgaaacactgacacagctagaccaggtgtggggggtgtgcttgttcttgttgcaaggaagttatctggaggccatcatcaatgaagatcccaccaagggacaaaacatgagatggttggagacttgggtctgtctagtctctattcaaccatttaaagcattgcgtgtgtaggctacactcggagagagaacacagagcagccgtccaaaccgtctgaaatgataacttactctaagctagtaggagtgctagtagtaccctctatatgtgcaattttattcgttaaaaaggtttccatgcatgcttttttagtttatcaatagcctaaaccttttgaattattaagagttaattagtccc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001064587.1 RefSeq:Os06g0610300]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

2014-05-11T10:16:27Z

Yonglejiang: /* Labs working on this gene */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
The '''''MOC1''''' gene plays an important role in the control of rice tillering, encoding a putative '''''GRAS''''' family nuclear protein that is expressed mainly in the axillary buds and functions to initiate axillary buds and to promote their outgrowth<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />. In the case of the rice plant, more tillering equates to more grain-bearing branches, hence a higher grain yield. Besides, as an member of the plant-specific GRAS family proteins that function in diverse aspects of plant development, including signal transduction, meristem maintenance and development<ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />, and as transcription factors <ref name="ref5" />,''''' MOC1''''' might also function as a transcription factor<ref name="ref1" />. '''''MOC1''''' is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor (Ls) gene<ref name="ref1" />. '''''Ls''''' loss-of-function mutations cause a branchless phenotype owing to a failure in axillary meristem initiation<ref name="ref6" />. These results suggest that both '''''Ls''''' and '''''MOC1''''' function as positive regulators of lateral branching.
[[File:Example.jpg''Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant. The arrows indicate (A) an axillary meristem initiated from the axial of a leaf, (B) a tiller bud formed from the axillary meristem, (C) a tiller bud with the first leaf primordium, (D) the mature tiller buds with several young leaves, and (E) tillers outgrown from mature tiller buds(from reference <ref name="ref7" />).'']]

===Mutation===
To identify genes involved in the control of rice tillering, Li et al. have screened for mutants with altered tiller numbers from collections derived from spontaneous mutations or g-ray radiation and ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis, and they found that '''''moc1''''' plants nearly completely lose their tillering ability after a spontaneous '''''moc1''''' mutant, producing only one main culm, in contrast to the multiple tillers in wild-type plants<ref name="ref1" />. They amplified the corresponding ORF from '''''moc1''''' and wild-type plants with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced it. DNA sequence comparison revealed a 1.9-kb retrotransposon inserted in this ORF in the '''''moc1''''' mutant. Confirmation of the retrotransposon-interrupted ORF as '''''MOC1''''' was achieved by functional complementation<ref name="ref1" />. Genetic analysis with reciprocal crosses between moc1 and wild-type plants revealed that '''''moc1''''' possesses a recessive mutation in a single nuclear locus<ref name="ref1" />.
We can see the effects of '''''moc1''''' mutant on rice tillering from the following picture 2.

===Expression===
The '''''MOC1''''' spatial and temporal expression patterns revealed by RNA in situ hybridization are consistent with the function of '''''MOC1''''' for axillary meristem initiation and tiller bud formation. '''''MOC1''''' expression is detectable in a small number of epidermal or subepidermal cells at the leaf axils before any visible morphological changes at the position where axillary meristems will initiate. Thereafter, '''''MOC1''''' is mainly expressed in the protuberance and axillary meristem and extended to the entire tiller bud including the axillary leaf primordia and young leaves, whereas no signal could be observed in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) <ref name="ref1" />.
Slight overexpression of the '''''MOC1''''' gene can increased tiller number and reduced plant height<ref name="ref1" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="1"|Gene amplication
| | 5’ -TCGTTGTAGTAGCTCT GGTG-3’
| | 5’-CTAACTAGAGATCGAGTAGC-3'<ref name="ref1" />
|-
| rowspan="1"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-AGACGCTCGCCGTGAACT-3'
| | 5'-GCCTTCACCCACTTCAAGA-3'<ref name="ref8" />
|}

===Evolution===
'''''MONOCULM1'''''('''''MOC1''''') genomic regions were sequenced and compared across 14 Oryza genomes by Lu et al, and the result of genomic alignment of the '''''MOC1''''' region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes can be seen from Fig.3<ref name="ref2" />.

 
Sequencing and annotation of the '''''MOC1''''' region of the 14 Oryza species, including 10 diploids and 4 allotetraploids, revealed highly conserved gene colinearity and structure in the '''''MOC1''''' region<ref name="ref2" />. Large and apparently noncoding sequences flanking the '''''MOC1''''' gene were observed to be under strong purifying selection<ref name="ref2" />. '''''MOC1''''' is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor ('''''Ls''''') gene. Rice '''''MONOCULM1''''' ('''''MOC1''''') and Arabidopsis '''''LATERAL SUPPRESSOR''''' ('''''LAS''''') are orthologs, which play important roles in axillary meristems initiation in rice and Arabidopsis<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref9" />.

===Knowledge Extension===
'''''TEOSINTE BRANCHED1''''' ('''''TB1''''') encodes a putative transcription factor of the TCP protein family, and impairment of '''''TB1''''' leading to enhance lateral branching in maize suggests its negative regulatory role in controlling the axillary bud outgrowth<ref name="ref10" /><ref name="ref11" />. The rice ortholog '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FINE CULM1''''' ('''''FC1''''') shows similar characteristics and therefore also negatively regulates rice tillering <ref name="ref12" />. Consistent with the function of '''''TB1''''' in maize, overexpression of '''''OsTB1''''' reduces rice tillers severely while its loss-of-function mutation in the classical mutant fine culm (fcn1) promotes the outgrowth of rice tillers[7]. The results reveal that the pivotal role of '''''OsTB1''''' is to control the outgrowth of rice tiller buds rather than the initiation of tiller buds<ref name="ref12" />. D10 also functions as a negative regulator and works independently of '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FC1''''' in rice<ref name="ref13" />.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
*China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
*Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
*Shanghai 200032, China
*National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
*The National Center for Agricultural Biodiversity, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management,Key *Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; bArizona
*Genomics Institute, Department of Plant Sciences, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721; cDepartment of Agronomy, Purdue University,West *Lafayette, IN 47907
*Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crop, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
*Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7223

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Li X, Qian Q, Fu Z, Wang Y, Xiong G, Zeng D, Wang X, Liu X, Teng S, Hiroshi F et al. Control of tillering in rice[J]. Nature 2003, 422:618-621.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Fei Lua,1, Jetty S. S. Ammirajub,1, Abhijit Sanyalc,1, Shengli Zhanga,1,2, Rentao Song, et al. Comparative sequence analysis of MONOCULM1-orthologous regions in 14 Oryza genomes[J]. PNAS. 2009, 106 (6 )2071–2076.</ref>
<ref name="ref3"> Richards, D.E., Peng, J. and Harberd, N.P. Plant GRAS and metazoan STATs: one family?[J]. Bioessays. 2000, 22: 573–577.</ref>
<ref name="ref4"> Bolle, C. The role of GRAS proteins in plant signal transduction and
Development[J]. Planta. 2004, 218: 683–692.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Pysh, L.D., Wysocka-Diller, J.W., Camilleri, C., Bouchez, D.and Benfey, P.N. The GRAS gene family in Arabidopsis: sequence characterization and basic expression analysis of the SCARECROW-LIKE genes[J]. Plant J. 1999, 18: 111–119.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">↑ K. Schumacher, T. Schmitt, M. Rossberg, G. Schmitz, K. Theres The Lateral suppressor (Ls) gene of tomato encodes a new member of the VHIID protein family[J]. PNAS. 1999, 96:290–295.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Yonghong Wang and Jiayang Li. The plant architecture of rice (Oryza sativa)[J]. Plant Molecular Biology. 2005, 59:75–84.</ref>
<ref name="ref8"> Gao Dong, Sun Hongwei, Liu Xueqing, He Xiahong, Wang Yunyue. et al. Establishment of Real-time TaqMan-Fluorescence Quantitative RT-PCR Assay for Detection of MOC1 mRNA Expression in Rice[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding. 2008, 6(6), 1197-1203.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Greb T, Clarenz O, Schafer E, Muller D, Herrero R, Schmitz G, Theres K. Molecular analysis of the LATERAL SUPPRESSOR gene in Arabidopsis reveals a conserved control mechanism for axillary meristem formation[J]. Genes Dev. 2003, 17:1175-1187.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Doebley, J., Stec, A. and Gustus, C. Teosinte branched1 and the origin of maize: evidence for epistasis and the evolution of dominance[J]. Genetics. 1995, 141: 333–346.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Doebley J, Stec A, Hubbard L. The evolution of apical dominance in maize[J]. Nature 1997, 386:485-488.</ref>
<ref name="ref12">Takeda T, Suwa Y, Suzuki M, Kitano M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Ashikari M, Matsuoka M, Ueguchi C. The OsTB1 gene negatively regulates lateral branching in rice[J]. Plant J 2003, 33:513-520.</ref>
<ref name="ref13"> Arite T, Iwata H, Ohshima K, Maekawa M, Nakajima M, Kojima M, Sakakibara H, Kyozuka J. DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice[J]. Plant J 2007, 51:1019-1029.</ref>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0610300|
Description = Conserved hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001064587.1 GI:115468905 GeneID:4341506|
Length = 626 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0610300, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:25189473..25190098|
CDS = 25189730..25189909|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:25189473..25190098
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:25189473..25190098
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcaatgtgaaacactgacacagctagaccaggtgtggggggtgtgcttgttcttgttgcaaggaagttatctggaggccatcatcaatgaagatcccaccaagggacaaaacatgagatggttggagacttgggtctgtctagtctctattcaaccatttaaagcattgcgtgtgtag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MQCETLTQLDQVWGVCLFLLQGSYLEAIINEDPTKGQNMRWLET WVCLVSIQPFKALRV</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>258..437#attcactcatgagttaaaattttactcggagttaaattttaactcatgatgacgtaaacgaatctcggacgtccatttctcgatccaatggtagttttcaagttttcactacatatgtggtttgtactgtatattttcccttgcatctccatgtatctcaaaagttacatgagtggcacttgctactgtgcatgtagtatgtgtagcagctaggttataaatttctttatgtgtaacatgtgtgtgatgcatagtatatgcaatgtgaaacactgacacagctagaccaggtgtggggggtgtgcttgttcttgttgcaaggaagttatctggaggccatcatcaatgaagatcccaccaagggacaaaacatgagatggttggagacttgggtctgtctagtctctattcaaccatttaaagcattgcgtgtgtaggctacactcggagagagaacacagagcagccgtccaaaccgtctgaaatgataacttactctaagctagtaggagtgctagtagtaccctctatatgtgcaattttattcgttaaaaaggtttccatgcatgcttttttagtttatcaatagcctaaaccttttgaattattaagagttaattagtccc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001064587.1 RefSeq:Os06g0610300]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

2014-05-11T07:21:10Z

Yonglejiang: /* Function */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===

The ""MOC1"" gene plays an important role in the control of rice tillering, encoding a putative GRAS family nuclear protein that is expressed mainly in the axillary buds and functions to initiate axillary buds and to promote their outgrowth [1]. In the case of the rice plant, more tillering equates to more grain-bearing branches, hence a higher grain yield. Besides, as an member of the plant-specific GRAS family proteins that function in diverse aspects of plant development, including signal transduction, meristem maintenance and development[3,4], and as transcription factors [5], MOC1 might also function as a transcription factor[1]. MOC1 is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor (Ls) gene[1]. Ls loss-of-function mutations cause a branchless phenotype owing to a failure in axillary meristem initiation[6]. These results suggest that both Ls and MOC1 function as positive regulators of lateral branching.

===Expression===
Please input expression information here.

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0610300|
Description = Conserved hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001064587.1 GI:115468905 GeneID:4341506|
Length = 626 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0610300, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:25189473..25190098|
CDS = 25189730..25189909|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:25189473..25190098
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:25189473..25190098
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcaatgtgaaacactgacacagctagaccaggtgtggggggtgtgcttgttcttgttgcaaggaagttatctggaggccatcatcaatgaagatcccaccaagggacaaaacatgagatggttggagacttgggtctgtctagtctctattcaaccatttaaagcattgcgtgtgtag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MQCETLTQLDQVWGVCLFLLQGSYLEAIINEDPTKGQNMRWLET WVCLVSIQPFKALRV</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>258..437#attcactcatgagttaaaattttactcggagttaaattttaactcatgatgacgtaaacgaatctcggacgtccatttctcgatccaatggtagttttcaagttttcactacatatgtggtttgtactgtatattttcccttgcatctccatgtatctcaaaagttacatgagtggcacttgctactgtgcatgtagtatgtgtagcagctaggttataaatttctttatgtgtaacatgtgtgtgatgcatagtatatgcaatgtgaaacactgacacagctagaccaggtgtggggggtgtgcttgttcttgttgcaaggaagttatctggaggccatcatcaatgaagatcccaccaagggacaaaacatgagatggttggagacttgggtctgtctagtctctattcaaccatttaaagcattgcgtgtgtaggctacactcggagagagaacacagagcagccgtccaaaccgtctgaaatgataacttactctaagctagtaggagtgctagtagtaccctctatatgtgcaattttattcgttaaaaaggtttccatgcatgcttttttagtttatcaatagcctaaaccttttgaattattaagagttaattagtccc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001064587.1 RefSeq:Os06g0610300]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]