RiceWiki - User contributions [en]

Os07g0666900

2015-04-18T13:19:02Z

Zhangye: /* Function */

''OsNHX1(Os07g0666900)'', is a Na+ and H+ exchanger in rice (''Oryza sativa'')<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/><ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref6"/><ref name="ref7"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*OsNHX1, functions as a Na+and H+exchanger and plays important roles in salt tolerance of rice<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/><ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref6"/>. ''OsNHX1'' may play an important role in the salt tolerance of shoots rather than roots<ref name="ref5"/>.

*''OsNHX1'' plays important roles in the compartment of Na+ from the cytoplasm of cells into the vacuoles in both of the tissues<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref5"/>.

*Expression of ''OsNHX1'' under the constitutive promoter Actin1D can confer enhanced salinity tolerance in transgenic rice plants. It also function towards alleviation of toxic effects of salt stress at all stages of the life cycle from seedling to maturity<ref name="ref3"/>.

*''OsNHX1'' has the ability to suppress Na+, Li+ and hygromycin sensitivity of yeast ''nhx1'' mutants and sensitivity to a high K+ concentration, a novel phenotype of the ''nhx1'' mutants<ref name="ref5"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006814 GO:0006814], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006885 GO:0006885], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015299 GO:0015299], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015385 GO:0015385], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016021 GO:0016021]

===Mutation===
[[File: OsNHX1-OE transgenic.jpg|right|thumb|300px|'''Figure 1.''''' RT-PCR of OsNHX1-OE transgenic plants.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
1. Overexpression lines of ''OsNHX1''<ref name="ref1"/>:
*T4
*T5
*T6

2. Transgenic lines：''OsNHX1''-OE<ref name="ref1"/>.

3. OsNHX1-143 transgenic rice VS. wild-type:<ref name="ref3"/> 
*By using Agrobacterium- mediated transformation three independent T0 transgenic lines were produced from which Actin 1DOsNHX1-143 was found to be the most prominent event after molecular and stress tolerance analysis.

*The increased accumulation of Na+ in transgenic lines through the over-expression of ''OsNHX1''. The increased accumulation of Na+ion in the vacuoles may be responsible for alleviating the toxic effects of excessive Na+ ion in the cytosol.

*In the case of variety, the transgenic line showed significantly higher spikelet number and yield compared to the wild-type. In the case of Variety x Treatment, only spikelet number was found to be significantly higher in transgenic plants compared to the wild-type

4. ''ena1-4△'' ''nha1△'' ''nhx1△''<ref name="ref4"/>: 
A triple mutant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking its own Na+-ATPases and Na+/H+ antiporters (''ena1-4△'' ''nha1△'' ''nhx1△'') was used for the expression of the Oryza sativa NHX1 gene encoding a putative vacuolar Na+/H+ exchanger.

5. Yeast ''nhx1'' mutants lines<ref name="ref5"/>:
*''osnhx1-1''
*''osnhx1-2'' 
''nhx1'' mutants were sensitive to a high K+ concentration in APG medium.

6. transgenic cell lines<ref name="ref5"/>:
*95-1-35
*95-5-169

===Expression===
*In young leaves, three OsNHX1-OE(T4, T5, T6) lines showed high expression by the genes of interests<ref name="ref1"/>.
*The expression of ''OsNHX1'' was differently expressed in roots and shoots, and was stimulated by salt stress in both of the tissues, suggesting that ''OsNHX1'' plays important roles in the compartment of Na+from the cytoplasm of cells into the vacuoles in both of the tissues<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Over-expression of ''OsNHX1'' under Actin1D promoter was confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western Dot-Blot analyses. At 160 mM salt stress, transgenic seedlings grew well and showed minimal reduction in shoot and root length compared to controls. Leaf chlorophyll estimation assay at 160 mM NaCl showed significantly high chlorosis in wild-type in contrast to the transgenic line. After salt stress, lower K+/Na+ ratio in transgenic leaf compared to the wild-type indicated the increased Na+ accumulation in vacuoles. At reproductive stage transgenic plants showed improved yield charateristics compared to the wild-type after exposure to 60 mM NaCl stress<ref name="ref3"/>.

*The expression of ''O. sativa Nhx1'' antiporter in ''S. cerevisiae'' revealed that ''OsNhx1p'' is a transport system with broad substrate specificity for at least four alkali metal cations (Li+, Na+, K+ and Rb+) and that it is able to substitute the function of yeast endosomal Na+/H+-antiporter ''ScNhx1p''<ref name="ref4"/>.

*''OsNHX1'' gene encodes a vacuolar (Na+, K+)/H+ antiporter that has activity similar to that of the ''ScNHX1'' protein<ref name="ref5"/>.

*The expression of ''OsNHX1'', ''OsNHX2'', ''OsNHX3'', and ''OsNHX5'' is regulated differently in rice tissues and is increased by salt stress, hyperosmotic stress, and ABA<ref name="ref6"/>. ''OsNHX'' expression was also enhanced under submergence, and the levels of ''OsNHX1'' and ''OsNHX5'' transcripts agreed well with those of seedling vigor under submergence<ref name="ref7"/>.

*Expression of Na+/H+ exchanger gene OsNHX was also enhanced by submergence stress and the level of enhancement appeared to agree with the level of seedling vigor among the four cultivars studied, indicating the necessity of further study of its role in seedling vigor under submergence in rice<ref name="ref7"/>.

===Location===
*''Nass and Rao''<ref name="ref8"/> showed that NHX1 was localized in prevacuolar compartments and a member of the newly identified cluster that shared intracellular localization. In addition, NHE6 has been reported to have a mitochondrial distribution<ref name="ref9"/> ,which suggesting that ''OsNHX1'' is localized in the intracellular membrane.

*subcellular localization: 
Analysis using rice cells expressing a fusion protein of ''OsNHX1'' and green fluorescent protein and Western blot analysis using antibodies specific for ''OsNHX1'' confirmed the localization of ''OsNHX1'' on the tonoplasts, which indicating that the ''OsNHX1'' gene encodes a vacuolar (Na+, K+)/H+ antiporter<ref name="ref5"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: Na,H exchanger proteins.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 2.''''' Phylogenetic analysis of Na+/H+ exchanger proteins.(from reference <ref name="ref2"/>).'']]
*Recently a Na+/H+ exchanger gene (''AtNHX1'') homologous to NHX1 has been cloned in ''Arabidopsis thaliana''. The deduced amino acid sequence (''OsNHX1'') has high similarity with ''AtNHX1'' (73%), and is similar to NHX1 and mammalian NHE with 26-33% identity. ''OsNHX1'' shares high similarity with ''AtNHX1'', ''NHX1'', and mammalian NHE within predicted transmembrane segments ,which suggesting that ''OsNHX1'' functions as a Na+/H+exchanger<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Phylogenetic analysis of various Na+/H+ exchangers indicated that ''OsNHX1'', ''AtNHX1'', ''NHX1'', and ''NHE6'' share a cluster distinguished from previously known clusters of other exchangers corresponding to the plasma membrane isoforms of NHEs, bacterial Nha, and yeast Sod2-like exchangers(Fig. 2). ''OsNHX1'' has low similarity with Sod2 of ''S. pombe'', and NhaA and NhaB of ''E. coli''. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these exchangers share distinct groups from NHX1 and NHEs (Fig. 2)<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
The observed mode of ''OsACS'', ''OsACO'' and ''OsNHX'' expression under submergence suggests that these genes can be potential targets for understanding the mechanism regulating seedling vigor under submergence at the post-germination stage in rice<ref name="ref7"/>.

The Na+/H+exchanger that catalyzes the exchange of Na+for H+across membranes, contributes to regulation of internal pH, cell volume, and sodium level in the cytoplasm<ref name="ref10"/>.

Na+/H+ antiporters, which catalyze the exchange of Na+ for H+ across membranes, contribute to the regulation of internal pH, cell volume and the sodium level in the cytoplasm<ref name="ref11"/><ref name="ref12"/>. The antiporters are widespread membrane proteins found in animals, yeasts, bacteria and plants. In particular, vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporters, which compartmentalize Na+ into the vacuoles for detoxification, have been investigated as the key to salt tolerance in yeasts and plants<ref name="ref13"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
*College of Chemistry and Life Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People’s Republic of China
*Department of Life Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China;
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China;
*Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
*Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
*Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
*Department of Plant Physiology, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
*Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
*Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20 Prague 4, Czechia
*Kobe University, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe, Japan
*Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Department of Molecular Biology, Hanoi, Vietnam
*Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice), Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Division, Science City of Munoz, Philippines
*Hyogo Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Kasai, Japan Published online: 16 Apr 2014.

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Liu S, Zheng L, Xue Y, et al. Overexpression of OsVP1 and OsNHX1 increases tolerance to drought and salinity in rice[J]. Journal of Plant Biology, 2010, 53(6): 444-452.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Fukuda A, Nakamura A, Tanaka Y. Molecular cloning and expression of the Na+/H+ exchanger gene in Oryza sativa[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Gene Structure and Expression, 1999, 1446(1): 149-155.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Islam S M, Tammi R S, Malo R, et al. Constitutive expression of OsNHX1 under the promoter Actin1D can improve the salt tolerance and yield characteristics of Bangladeshi rice Binnatoa[J]. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2009, 3(6): 329.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Kinclova-Zimmermannova O, Flegelova H, Sychrova H. Rice Na+/H+-antiporter Nhx1 partially complements the alkali-metal-cation sensitivity of yeast strains lacking three sodium transporters[J]. Folia microbiologica, 2004, 49(5): 519-525.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Fukuda A, Nakamura A, Tagiri A, et al. Function, intracellular localization and the importance in salt tolerance of a vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter from rice[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology, 2004, 45(2): 146-159.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref6">
Fukuda A, Nakamura A, Hara N, et al. Molecular and functional analyses of rice NHX-type Na+/H+ antiporter genes[J]. Planta, 2011, 233(1): 175-188.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref7">
Vu H T T, Manangkil O E, Mori N, et al. Induction and Repression of Gene Expression Mediating Ethylene Biosynthesis and Sodium/Proton Exchange in Rice Seedlings Under Submergence Stress[J]. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 2012, 26(3): 2945-2951.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref8">
Nass R, Rao R. Novel localization of a Na+/H+ exchanger in a late endosomal compartment of yeast Implications for vacuole biogenesis[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1998, 273(33): 21054-21060.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref9">
Numata M, Petrecca K, Lake N, et al. Identification of a mitochondrial Na+/H+ exchanger[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1998, 273(12): 6951-6959.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref10">
Orlowski J, Grinstein S. Na+/H+ exchangers of mammalian cells[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1997, 272(36): 22373-22376.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref11">
Aronson P S. Kinetic properties of the plasma membrane Na+-H+ exchanger[J]. Annual Review of Physiology, 1985, 47(1): 545-560.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref12">
Numata M, Orlowski J. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel (Na+, K+)/H+ exchanger localized to the trans-Golgi network[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2001, 276(20): 17387-17394.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref13">
Blumwald E, Aharon G S, Apse M P. Sodium transport in plant cells[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Biomembranes, 2000, 1465(1): 140-151.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os07g0666900|
Description = Similar to Na+/H+ antiporter NHX6|
Version = NM_001067106.1 GI:115473944 GeneID:4344217|
Length = 4884 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os07g0666900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 7|Chromosome 7]]|
AP = Chromosome 7:28824582..28829465|
CDS = 28824892..28825065,28825168..28825286,28826171..28826268,28826391..28826450,28826549..28826595 ,28826676..28826870,28826973..28827019,28827100..28827166,28827258..28827358 ,28827462..28827563,28827641..28827779,28827857..28827919,28828060..28828143 ,28828718..28829032|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008400:28824582..28829465
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008400:28824582..28829465
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ggcatggggatggaggtggcggcggcgcggctgggggctctgtacacgacctccgactacgcgtcggtggtgtccatcaacctgttcgtcgcgctgctctgcgcctgcatcgtcctcggccacctcctcgaggagaatcgctgggtcaatgagtccatcaccgcgctcatcatcgggctctgcaccggcgtggtgatcttgctgatgaccaaagggaagagctcgcacttattcgtcttcagtgaggatctcttcttcatctacctcctccctccgatcatcttcaatgcaggttttcaggtaaagaaaaagcaattcttccggaatttcatgacgatcacattatttggagccgtcgggacaatgatatcctttttcacaatatctattgctgccattgcaatattcagcagaatgaacattggaacgctggatgtaggagattttcttgcaattggagccatcttttctgcgacagattctgtctgcacattgcaggtcctcaatcaggatgagacaccctttttgtacagtctggtattcggtgaaggtgttgtgaacgatgctacatcaattgtgcttttcaacgcactacagaactttgatcttgtccacatagatgcggctgtcgttctgaaattcttggggaacttcttttatttatttttgtcgagcaccttccttggagtatttgctggattgctcagtgcatacataatcaagaagctatacattggaaggcattctactgaccgtgaggttgcccttatgatgctcatggcttacctttcatatatgctggctgagttgctagatttgagcggcattctcaccgtattcttctgtggtattgtaatgtcacattacacttggcataacgtcacagagagttcaagagttacaacaaagcacgcatttgcaactctgtccttcattgctgagacttttctcttcctgtatgttgggatggatgcattggatattgaaaaatgggagtttgccagtgacagacctggcaaatccattgggataagctcaattttgctaggattggttctgattggaagagctgcttttgtattcccgctgtcgttcttgtcgaacctaacaaagaaggcaccgaatgaaaaaataacctggagacagcaagttgtaatatggtgggctgggctgatgagaggagctgtgtcgattgctcttgcttacaataagtttacaagatctggccatactcagctgcacggcaatgcaataatgatcaccagcaccatcactgtcgttctttttagcactatggtatttgggatgatgacaaagccattgatcaggctgctgctaccggcctcaggccatcctgtcacctctgagccttcatcaccaaagtccctgcattctcctctcctgacaagcatgcaaggttctgacctcgagagtacaaccaacattgtgaggccttccagcctccggatgctcctcaccaagccgacccacactgtccactactactggcgcaagttcgacgacgcgctgatgcgaccgatgtttggcgggcgcgggttcgtgcccttctcccctggatcaccaaccgagcagagccatggaggaagatga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>GMGMEVAAARLGALYTTSDYASVVSINLFVALLCACIVLGHLLE ENRWVNESITALIIGLCTGVVILLMTKGKSSHLFVFSEDLFFIYLLPPIIFNAGFQVK KKQFFRNFMTITLFGAVGTMISFFTISIAAIAIFSRMNIGTLDVGDFLAIGAIFSATD SVCTLQVLNQDETPFLYSLVFGEGVVNDATSIVLFNALQNFDLVHIDAAVVLKFLGNF FYLFLSSTFLGVFAGLLSAYIIKKLYIGRHSTDREVALMMLMAYLSYMLAELLDLSGI LTVFFCGIVMSHYTWHNVTESSRVTTKHAFATLSFIAETFLFLYVGMDALDIEKWEFA SDRPGKSIGISSILLGLVLIGRAAFVFPLSFLSNLTKKAPNEKITWRQQVVIWWAGLM RGAVSIALAYNKFTRSGHTQLHGNAIMITSTITVVLFSTMVFGMMTKPLIRLLLPASG HPVTSEPSSPKSLHSPLLTSMQGSDLESTTNIVRPSSLRMLLTKPTHTVHYYWRKFDD ALMRPMFGGRGFVPFSPGSPTEQSHGGR</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>311..484#587..705#1590..1687#1810..1869#1968..2014#2095..2289#2392..2438#2519..2585#2677..2777#2881..2982#3060..3198#3276..3338#3479..3562#4137..4451#acgaaaagagagagagagagaagagagttttgtagcgagctcgcgcgaatgcgaagccaaccgagagaggtctcgataccaaatcccgatttctcaacctgaatcccccccccacgttcctcgtttcaatctgttcgtctgcgaatcgaattctttgtttttttttctctaattttaccgggaattgtcgaattaggcattcaccaacgagcaagaggggagtggattggttggttaaagctccgcatcttgcggcggaaatctcgctctcttctctgcggtgggtggccggagaagtcgccgccggtgaggcatggggatggaggtggcggcggcgcggctgggggctctgtacacgacctccgactacgcgtcggtggtgtccatcaacctgttcgtcgcgctgctctgcgcctgcatcgtcctcggccacctcctcgaggagaatcgctgggtcaatgagtccatcaccgcgctcatcatcgtaagcgcacacacaccattgctgtgattgattgatcgattgattcgccattgttgctgacgcacgcttgctgctcgatgatttgcttgcttgcttgggcaggggctctgcaccggcgtggtgatcttgctgatgaccaaagggaagagctcgcacttattcgtcttcagtgaggatctcttcttcatctacctcctccctccgatcatcttcaatgcagggtaagtagaaacgcttcggcgtgttcttgctgtggttagatttcggcttcagttcttttgttggcacatggtggtgtacaaggtttttctggggattggggaatctgtttgctgctggtggtacactgtgtacgcgtggctggtttcttgtttgtttcttctgggcctagctgtctgtccgtcgatgtcttagacatggctgctagttcatactgtgcaggttgtgggtgaattttttttttgttttctctttaagacagagatggatttactctcgtcttactggcataccttgacttgccagctcgaactgctgattggtacagtatggagtagcaactgtaatcttgaccattgcatgaagcattgagaaatgctgaaagattatttgttttttaattttaattattatatattgattgactgtgcaacagcttctgtctcctagagttctactcttggtccatttacagtggttagtagtactggtcatccaacaccatgaaggcatgagagggatatggtcctgtcaagagtgatggcgtgatcaatttctgaaagaacagtggccatgctagtccgaatttggttgagcatttaatccccttttgaaggtttttgggccatccatatagatttgaagtagggttgtaggagtaaagctgaatattatgggcccatgtttgctttcacatttaggaattgcaaagtctctctttgggaaagggcacaagtcctttttgagttcagagttactctattttcgttccttttctgctttgcttgaacttttattttttttattcatataataacacaagttgctgaataattctacgggaaaaaaagcatcgtcctggtcctcacaaatatttttccatcagttttcaggtaaagaaaaagcaattcttccggaatttcatgacgatcacattatttggagccgtcgggacaatgatatcctttttcacaatatctattggtacgttctttcagaaatgattcttaattcttccgtgagttggtagtgctttcattttctgttgttccgtgtaaccttttggacttctgagattctgactctgatcaatttcttaatttcagctgccattgcaatattcagcagaatgaacattggaacgctggatgtaggagattttcttggtaagccatggctatctttctgcatgatcatgctggcactaatattgacaccatgtgagcatcatttcctcctgttgactgttatgttcaatgtgcagcaattggagccatcttttctgcgacagattctgtctgcacattgcaggttagttgaacaaattttgccatacctcgagagagacctggattcaacgtgctaatgtaatgatcttaaccccaaaacaggtcctcaatcaggatgagacaccctttttgtacagtctggtattcggtgaaggtgttgtgaacgatgctacatcaattgtgcttttcaacgcactacagaactttgatcttgtccacatagatgcggctgtcgttctgaaattcttggggaacttcttttatttatttttgtcgagcaccttccttggagtatttgtaagttgattcttaagtttcactttttacatcttactgtctgtcttgactctactgcttggttgacacatgtaaacttaatattcttcttccaccctgcaggctggattgctcagtgcatacataatcaagaagctatacattggaaggttagttaagcccaaacaaaccctcattagttaacggttttatgctcagtgttaacttggatgttggtgactgattccaggcattctactgaccgtgaggttgcccttatgatgctcatggcttacctttcatatatgctggctgaggtgtgcctctgctttgatgcagtatcaaaatttgcatatagtttcattttatagtttgattttatctactttgtttgtttgatattggcagttgctagatttgagcggcattctcaccgtattcttctgtggtattgtaatgtcacattacacttggcataacgtcacagagagttcaagagttacaacaaagtaaattataattctcattccatattctactgtttaatgattagcttcagttcgtagaaaaactaaacaaaacttactggtttgttttgtcctttcacctcaggcacgcatttgcaactctgtccttcattgctgagacttttctcttcctgtatgttgggatggatgcattggatattgaaaaatgggagtttgccagtgacaggtctgatacatgttctcatacctaattcctatttatggatatggagactcaattttacttctctttcccattcgcagacctggcaaatccattgggataagctcaattttgctaggattggttctgattggaagagctgcttttgtattcccgctgtcgttcttgtcgaacctaacaaagaaggcaccgaatgaaaaaataacctggagacagcaagtgagtatctggtgtatgatcagacaattttcatttgaattcgacttgccatctgctaactgaatttctctcgataggttgtaatatggtgggctgggctgatgagaggagctgtgtcgattgctcttgcttacaataaggtcagtccgtcagtgcaagactattgcttcacaccatctgtatatctgtatttctcttctcatcttgccattaattagtcccaggagaagtatgtcttagtttcttctccttaagcttaactgtctcgttgcaattgcagtttacaagatctggccatactcagctgcacggcaatgcaataatgatcaccagcaccatcactgtcgttctttttagcactatggtgagtcatcttactgcaacctatgcctaacgcaaagcgtcctcttttcatccaagtttgtgccacatgtctgaattctcaccctaaacaggacctcagcattaagctaacctaataataagttcctcaaagtcgattgtcaaatcaaaattgtcagctgtgacaaaagtaatctggaagcttgtaatgttgaacatgctctaatccaaccaaaaccaactactgaccggagaatgaaatcatgtctttttgtccctactatcttgtcctcttcttatcccttctgaagagattgccgtaccgtccagtcattgactcatcgtccatattctcacatgacatggatcaaggatggcacaattatttgaaattaattgtcgtttgttactactagcttttcgttttagttttctggatgtttctttaggaagacatacatgtgtcatcatgtcgaattgcgcatccaatcacttgattgtttacgagctaaatccttgttcagaatccctggaagctcaaatgtgcaaaacatctatttttgtgaaacatactgacatttataaatgtttattaggtatttgggatgatgacaaagccattgatcaggctgctgctaccggcctcaggccatcctgtcacctctgagccttcatcaccaaagtccctgcattctcctctcctgacaagcatgcaaggttctgacctcgagagtacaaccaacattgtgaggccttccagcctccggatgctcctcaccaagccgacccacactgtccactactactggcgcaagttcgacgacgcgctgatgcgaccgatgtttggcgggcgcgggttcgtgcccttctcccctggatcaccaaccgagcagagccatggaggaagatgaacagtgcaaagaaatgagaatggaatggttgatgaggagaatacatgtaaaatgtgacagcaaaagagagaaggcaagttttgggtttgtagagtttggctgctgctaatgagttgttgatagtgcctatattcttcagaacttcagatggtgcctcaccaaggcctaagagccaggaggaccttctgataatggttcgggatgattggtttgttctgtcaggatgaaccctagtgagtgacacagggtgatgtgctccgacaacctgtaaattttgtagattaacagccccatttgtacctgtctaccatctttagttggcgggtgttctttcctagttgccaccctgcatgtaaaatgaaattctccgccaaaatagatttgtgtgtataataattttgcttggttgatataatggtatggcatggtttgc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001067106.1 RefSeq:Os07g0666900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 7]]
[[Category:Chromosome 7]]

Os07g0186200

2015-04-15T08:54:16Z

Zhangye:

As an '''S-domain receptor-like kinase''' from rice (''Oryza sativa''), '''''OsSIK2'''(Oryza sativa stress-induced protein kinase gene 2)'' is involved in '''abiotic stress''' and the '''senescence process'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File: OsSIK2 Expression1.jpg|right|thumb|240px|'''Figure 1.''' OsSIK2 gene expression and Schematic representation.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
*The downstream PR-related genes specifically up-regulated by full-length ''OsSIK2'' or the DREB-like genes solely enhanced by truncated OsSIK2 are all '''induced''' by '''salt''', '''drought''', and '''dark treatments''', Which indicating that ''OsSIK2'' may integrate stress signals into a developmental program for better adaptive growth under unfavorable conditions. Manipulation of ''OsSIK2'' should facilitate the improvement of production in rice and other crops. ''OsSIK2'' is a '''Mn2+'''-dependent protein kinase<ref name="ref1"/>.

*''OsSIK2'' was an intronless gene and encoded a protein of 833 amino acids. ''OsSIK2'' was predicted to be an S-domain RLK (Fig. 1A)that was less studied in terms of stress response. The extracellular region of OsSIK2 contains a putative signal peptide at the N-terminal portion linked with three modules (B_lectin, S-LOCUS GLYCOPROTEIN, and PAN domains). A transmembrane domain was also identified,
followed by an intracellular Ser/Thr kinase domain<ref name="ref1"/> (Fig. 1A).

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004672 GO:0004672], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004674 GO:0004674], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005524 GO:0005524], GO:0005529,[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006468 GO:0006468]

===Mutation===
gene, mutant and overexpression lines<ref name="ref1"/>:
*OsSIK2-f: OsSIK2 '''full-length''' gene
*OsSIK2-t: OsSIK2 '''truncated''' gene
*''sik2'':
an OsSIK2 '''knockout''' mutant (ND5850) with Transposon of Oryza sativa17 (Tos17) insertion
*OsSIK2-t '''overexpression''' lines:
**OX-72
**OX-74
*OsSIK2-f '''overexpression''' lines:
**OX-15
**OX-17

*Transgenic plants overexpressing ''OsSIK2'' and mutant ''sik2'' exhibit enhanced and reduced tolerance to '''salt''' and '''drought''' stress, respectively, compared with the controls.

*Moreover, seedlings of OsSIK2-overexpressing transgenic plants exhibit early '''leaf''' development and a '''delayed dark-induced''' senescence phenotype, while mutant ''sik2'' shows the opposite phenotype.

*OsSIK2-t may have a greater ability to confer tolerance than OsSIK2-f. OsSIK2 confers tolerance to salt stress under field conditions and that the truncated version OsSIK2-t plays a stronger role than the full-length version OsSIK2-f in stress tolerance. ''OsSIK2'' is efficient in eliminating H2O2 produced under salt stress.

*After dark treatment, the ''OsSIK2'' transgenic plants were greener, whereas the ''sik2'' mutant was more yellow, than the corresponding controls.

===Expression===
*OsSIK2 gene expression<ref name="ref1"/>:
**Figure 1B shows that ''OsSIK2'' was apparently induced by treatments with '''NaCl''' (200 mM), '''polyethylene glycol''' (PEG;20%), '''cold''' (4°C), and '''ABA''' (100 mM), with expression peaks at 1 to 3 h after initiation of the experiments. Thereafter, the expression was gradually reduced.
**''OsSIK2'' was also expressed in various parts of rice plants, with relatively higher levels in leaf and sheath compared with the levels in stem, root, and panicles (Fig. 1C).
**To investigate whether OsSIK2 is a functional protein kinase, the kinase domain of ''OsSIK2'' with a maltose-binding protein (MBP) tag was expressed, purified, confirmed by western-blot analysis using anti-MBP monoclonal antibody (Fig. 1D), and further subjected to autophosphorylation assay. As shown in Figure 1D, when the ''OsSIK2'' kinase-MBP fusion protein was incubated with ATP in the presence of Mn2+, 32P was strongly incorporated into the fusion protein.

*The expression of the peroxidase gene [[Os04g0688200|''POX-1'']] and [[Os07g0676900|''POX-2'']] was up-regulated in ''OsSIK2'' transgenic plants but down-regulated in the ''sik2'' mutant compared with the corresponding controls under normal conditions, suggesting that ''OsSIK2'' increases rice salt tolerance at least partially by the activation of POX-1 and POX-2 expression<ref name="ref1"/>.

*OsSIK2-t activates the expression of [[Os09g0522000|''OsDREB1B'']] and [[Os04g0572400|''OsDREB1E'']] contributes to '''salt''' tolerance and '''dwarfism''' in transgenic plants. Additionally, OsSIK2-t transgenic plants show apparently delayed senescence under field conditions. The DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENTBINDING PROTEIN ('''DREB''') genes OsDREB1B and OsDREB1E and the[[Os12g0183100|senescence-associated dehydrogenase gene]] and [[Os02g0168100|dioxygenase gene]]<ref name="ref2"/> were exclusively up-regulated in OsSIK2-t plants but reduced in the ''sik2'' mutant compared with the corresponding controls<ref name="ref1"/>.

Taken together, ''OsSIK2'' is expressed mainly in rice '''leaf''' and '''sheath''' and can be induced by '''NaCl''', '''drought''', '''cold''', '''dark''', and '''abscisic acid''' treatment. Transgenic Rice Plants Overexpressing ''OsSIK2'' Exhibit dwarfism and early leaf emergence at the seedling stage. Overexpression of ''OsSIK2'' improves salt and drought tolerance in transgenic rice seedlings<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
Subcellular localization of the ''OsSIK2'' was tested in ''Arabidopsis'' protoplasts. OsSIK2-f was exclusively localized in the plasma membrane, whereas OsSIK2-t was localized in both the membrane and cytoplasm, suggesting that the signal peptide and extracellular
parts affect the normal localization of ''OsSIK2''. GFP was used as a control and expressed in cytoplasm. In a word, ''OsSIK2'' is a '''plasma''' membrane-localized protein with kinase activity in the presence of Mn2+<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: LP2 phylogenetic01.jpg|left|thumb|220px|'''Figure 2.''' ''Protein domain structure and phylogenetic analysis of LP2.(from reference <ref name="ref4"/>).'']]

*Two paralogues, [[Os06g0203800| ''OsRLK1'' (Os06g0203800)]] and [[Os02g0777400|''OsRLK2''(Os02g0777400)]], were found in the rice genome. These homology with ''Arabidopsis'' '''RLKs''' AtER (63%), AtERL1 (70%) and AtERL2 (70%). In the kinase domain, the identities were 72, 84 and 82%, respectively. ''OsSIK1'' has high similarity with '''ER family''' proteins from ''Arabidopsis'', especially in the kinase domain. The three (ER) RLKs together control stomatal patterning, with specific family members regulating the specification of stomatal stem cell fate and the differentiation of guard cells in ''Arabidopsis''<ref name="ref3"/>.

*But [[Os06g0130100|''OsSIK1'']] and ''OsSIK2'' share only 30.56% and 18.04% amino acid identities with '''LP2''', respectively<ref name="ref4"/>.

*[[Os06g0130100|''OsSIK1'']]<ref name="ref3"/>, ''OsSIK2'' and [[Os02g0615800|''LP2'']] proteins all belong to the '''LRR-RLK gene family''', ''LP2'' does not share significant primary sequence homology with ''OsSIK1'' and ''OsSIK2''. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the three proteins are in different subgroups(Figure 2)<ref name="ref4"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
[[File: RLKs Overview1.jpg|right|thumb|310px|'''Figure 3.''' ''Overview of plant receptor-like kinases (RLKs) and their functions.(from reference <ref name="ref9"/>).'']]

*'''RLK''' comprises one of the largest families, with more than 610 and '''1,131''' members in Arabidopsis (''Arabidopsis thaliana'') and '''rice''' (''Oryza sativa''), respectively. Intracellular kinase domains are relatively conserved with Ser/Thr kinase activity to transduce signals. Based on the identity of extracellular domains, RLKs are classified into 44 subfamilies. The biggest subfamily is leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), and the other subfamilies include S-domains, Domain of Unknown Function26, CELL WALL-ASSOCIATED KINASE-like, and others<ref name="ref5"/>.

*Receptor-like kinases ('''RLKs''') play essential roles in plant growth, development and responses to environmental stresses. Most RLKs have kinase activity using Mn2+ as a co-factor<ref name="ref6"/><ref name="ref7"/><ref name="ref8"/>. Similarly, ''OsSIK1'' has kinase activity in the presence of Mn2+. RLKs may have activity in the presence of other ions. Phosphorylation with various ions may indicate thatdifferent RLKs can function under unfavorable conditions or in response to different stresses.

*The membrane-localized RLKs have been shown to control diverse signalling events (Fig. 3)<ref name="ref9"/>, and these RLKs constitute the largest gene family in various plant genomes, with >600 members in Arabidopsis and 1100 members in rice, and are classified based on their extracellular structures. The RLKs regulate the homeostatic mechanisms underlying abiotic and biotic stress responses and have a major role in integrating environmental and plant hormone signallings.In addition, RLKs have been known to have a major role in integrating environmental and plant hormone signalling<ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref9"/><ref name="ref10"/>(Fig. 3).

*'''ROS''', partially reduced or activated derivatives of oxygen, are highly reactive and toxic, and can damage DNA, proteins and carbohydrates, resulting in cell death<ref name="ref11"/>. ROS also cause lipid peroxidation, cell membrane damage and MDA production. ROS production can increase under abiotic stresses<ref name="ref12"/><ref name="ref13"/><ref name="ref14"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
*National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Chen L J, Wuriyanghan H, Zhang Y Q, et al. An S-Domain Receptor-Like Kinase, OsSIK2, Confers Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Delays Dark-Induced Leaf Senescence in Rice[J]. Plant physiology, 2013, 163(4): 1752-1765.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Lee I C, Hong S W, Whang S S, et al. Age-dependent action of an ABA-inducible receptor kinase, RPK1, as a positive regulator of senescence in Arabidopsis leaves[J]. Plant and cell physiology, 2011, 52(4): 651-662.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Ouyang S Q, Liu Y F, Liu P, et al. Receptor‐like kinase OsSIK1 improves drought and salt stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa) plants[J]. The Plant Journal, 2010, 62(2): 316-329.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Wu F, Sheng P, Tan J, et al. Plasma membrane receptor-like kinase leaf panicle 2 acts downstream of the DROUGHT AND SALT TOLERANCE transcription factor to regulate drought sensitivity in rice[J]. Journal of experimental botany, 2014: eru417.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Shiu S H, Bleecker A B. Plant receptor-like kinase gene family: diversity, function, and signaling[J]. Science Signaling, 2001, 2001(113): re22.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref6">
Schulze-Muth P, Irmler S, Schröder G, et al. Novel Type of Receptor-like Protein Kinase from a Higher Plant (Catharanthus roseus) cDNA, GENE, INTRAMOLECULAR AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION, AND IDENTIFICATION OF A THREONINE IMPORTANT FOR AUTO-AND SUBSTRATE PHOSPHORYLATION[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1996, 271(43): 26684-26689.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref7">
Liu G Z, Pi L Y, Walker J C, et al. Biochemical characterization of the kinase domain of the rice disease resistance receptor-like kinase XA21[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2002, 277(23): 20264-20269.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref8">
He X J, Zhang Z G, Yan D Q, et al. A salt-responsive receptor-like kinase gene regulated by the ethylene signaling pathway encodes a plasma membrane serine/threonine kinase[J]. Theoretical and applied genetics, 2004, 109(2): 377-383.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref9">
Osakabe Y, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K, et al. Sensing the environment: key roles of membrane-localized kinases in plant perception and response to abiotic stress[J]. Journal of experimental botany, 2013, 64(2): 445-458
</ref>
* <ref name="ref10">
Diévart A, Clark S E. LRR-containing receptors regulating plant development and defense[J]. Development, 2004, 131(2): 251-261.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref11">
Mittler R, Vanderauwera S, Gollery M, et al. Reactive oxygen gene network of plants[J]. Trends in plant science, 2004, 9(10): 490-498.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref12">
Zhu J K. Plant salt tolerance[J]. Trends in plant science, 2001, 6(2): 66-71.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref13">
Mittler R. Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance[J]. Trends in plant science, 2002, 7(9): 405-410.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref14">
Xiong L, Schumaker K S, Zhu J K. Cell signaling during cold, drought, and salt stress[J]. The Plant Cell Online, 2002, 14(suppl 1): S165-S183.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os07g0186200|
Description = Curculin-like (mannose-binding) lectin domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001065605.2 GI:297606835 GeneID:4342594|
Length = 2514 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os07g0186200, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 7|Chromosome 7]]|
AP = Chromosome 7:4625246..4627759|
CDS = 4625246..4627759|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008400:4625246..4627759
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008400:4625246..4627759
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgccacctcctctctatgtcttgctactactcagtgggcttctcctctcctccctgcacactcctccatgttccgccgccattgcagatggcgacactctcatggtaggccaagcgctttctgtcggcgagaagctcgtctcgaggaacggcaagttcgcgctcggcttcttccagccacaaccaactgcaggcatcagtaagtccattaacaccaccaccaacacattgcctggctggtatcttggcatatggttcaacaagatccaggtttttactacagcttgggttgctaatagggagaatcccatcactggccctgagctgaagcaagcacagctcaaaatctcaagagatggcaatcttgccatcgtcttgaacaacaacaacaccagttcagagtccataatctggtccagcactcacaccattgtcaataggacaacaggatcatccagcacaaacaccagtgctctcctcatgaacaatggaaacctactcctcatggctagtagcaatgttgtgttgtggcagagcttcgactaccctgcagatgttgggcttccgggtgctaagttaggtaggaacaagatcaccggtttgaaccgtcggttcgttgccaagaagagcctcattgatatgggcctcggctcttacatccttgagatggacacaaacacggtgttgcgccttaggcgtcgcaaacctcccgtcgtggtgtattggtcttggtcatccggacaattggcgtatacgcttgtaccattgctcaatgagctgctagacatggatccacggaccaaaggcttgctcaaacctgcatatgtccacaacaatgaggaggagtacttcacgtacacctcccttgatgaatcggcttctgtattcgtttccatagacatcactggtcaggttaagctgaatgtttggtcacaacccaaaatgtcttggcaaaccatatatgcagaaccatctgatccatgcagcctgcacgatgtctgtggacctttcacggtctgcaatggcaattcagtcccattctgtggatgtatggagagcttctctcccaagtcaccgcaggattgggatgccggtgatccgattggagggtgcatcagagatactcccttagattgtgcatctggtaaacaaaacaacacaagttcaacagacatgttccaccccatagctcctgttacactgcccttgtaccctcaaagcatggaagatgcttcgacccagagcgattgcgaagaagcttgtcttcatgactgcgcttgcactgcttatacctataatggtaacagatgctctatctggcatggggaattgcgaagtgtgaatcagaatgatggcattgataatcattctgaaaatgttctttaccttcgcctcgccgccagagattcacaaagtttaaggaagaacaacaaacggagaccaagagttgttgccattgtaagcattgtcgttagttttggattactaatgctcatgcttttgttaacgatttggattaacaaatccaagtggtgtggtgtgccattatatggcagtcaaggtaatgatggtggaattatagcctttagatacaccggtttagttcgtgctactaaatgtttctcagagaagctaggaggaggtggttttggttctgtattcaagggaatgttgggagaccagactgctatagcagtgaaaaggcttgatggtgctcgtcagggagagaagcaattcagggcagaagtgagctcaattggaatgacccaacatatcaacctaatcaaactgattggtttctgctgcgaaggtgataagaggctacttgtgtatgaacgcatgttaaatgggtctcttgacgcccatctatttcagagcaatgctaccgttctaaattggagcaccaggtatcaaatagctataggagttgctagaggattgtgctacctgcaccagagttgtcgcgaatgcatcatacactgtgatattaaaccagaaaacatacttctgaatgaatcatttgttcctaagattgcagattttgggatggcagcgattgtaggaagggattttagccgagttctaactacattcagaggtactgtagggtatcttgccccagagtggcttagcggagttgctattacaccaaaagttgatgtttacagctttggcatggtactattggaaatcatatcaggaaggagaaattcacctaaagtatctgctagcaacagctatcatggtgcttattttcctgtgcgagcaattaacaagcttcatgtgggagatgtgcatagtttgatggatccacgattacatgacgacttcagtttggaagaggctgaaagagtttgcaaagttgcatgttggtgcatccaagaaattgagtctgatcggccgacaatgggtgaagtggtccgggccattgagggtctacatgagcttgatatgcccccgatgccaagactacttgcagctataatagaacactctgatgtggcttcaatataa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MPPPLYVLLLLSGLLLSSLHTPPCSAAIADGDTLMVGQALSVGE KLVSRNGKFALGFFQPQPTAGISKSINTTTNTLPGWYLGIWFNKIQVFTTAWVANREN PITGPELKQAQLKISRDGNLAIVLNNNNTSSESIIWSSTHTIVNRTTGSSSTNTSALL MNNGNLLLMASSNVVLWQSFDYPADVGLPGAKLGRNKITGLNRRFVAKKSLIDMGLGS YILEMDTNTVLRLRRRKPPVVVYWSWSSGQLAYTLVPLLNELLDMDPRTKGLLKPAYV HNNEEEYFTYTSLDESASVFVSIDITGQVKLNVWSQPKMSWQTIYAEPSDPCSLHDVC GPFTVCNGNSVPFCGCMESFSPKSPQDWDAGDPIGGCIRDTPLDCASGKQNNTSSTDM FHPIAPVTLPLYPQSMEDASTQSDCEEACLHDCACTAYTYNGNRCSIWHGELRSVNQN DGIDNHSENVLYLRLAARDSQSLRKNNKRRPRVVAIVSIVVSFGLLMLMLLLTIWINK SKWCGVPLYGSQGNDGGIIAFRYTGLVRATKCFSEKLGGGGFGSVFKGMLGDQTAIAV KRLDGARQGEKQFRAEVSSIGMTQHINLIKLIGFCCEGDKRLLVYERMLNGSLDAHLF QSNATVLNWSTRYQIAIGVARGLCYLHQSCRECIIHCDIKPENILLNESFVPKIADFG MAAIVGRDFSRVLTTFRGTVGYLAPEWLSGVAITPKVDVYSFGMVLLEIISGRRNSPK VSASNSYHGAYFPVRAINKLHVGDVHSLMDPRLHDDFSLEEAERVCKVACWCIQEIES DRPTMGEVVRAIEGLHELDMPPMPRLLAAIIEHSDVASI</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..2514#atgccacctcctctctatgtcttgctactactcagtgggcttctcctctcctccctgcacactcctccatgttccgccgccattgcagatggcgacactctcatggtaggccaagcgctttctgtcggcgagaagctcgtctcgaggaacggcaagttcgcgctcggcttcttccagccacaaccaactgcaggcatcagtaagtccattaacaccaccaccaacacattgcctggctggtatcttggcatatggttcaacaagatccaggtttttactacagcttgggttgctaatagggagaatcccatcactggccctgagctgaagcaagcacagctcaaaatctcaagagatggcaatcttgccatcgtcttgaacaacaacaacaccagttcagagtccataatctggtccagcactcacaccattgtcaataggacaacaggatcatccagcacaaacaccagtgctctcctcatgaacaatggaaacctactcctcatggctagtagcaatgttgtgttgtggcagagcttcgactaccctgcagatgttgggcttccgggtgctaagttaggtaggaacaagatcaccggtttgaaccgtcggttcgttgccaagaagagcctcattgatatgggcctcggctcttacatccttgagatggacacaaacacggtgttgcgccttaggcgtcgcaaacctcccgtcgtggtgtattggtcttggtcatccggacaattggcgtatacgcttgtaccattgctcaatgagctgctagacatggatccacggaccaaaggcttgctcaaacctgcatatgtccacaacaatgaggaggagtacttcacgtacacctcccttgatgaatcggcttctgtattcgtttccatagacatcactggtcaggttaagctgaatgtttggtcacaacccaaaatgtcttggcaaaccatatatgcagaaccatctgatccatgcagcctgcacgatgtctgtggacctttcacggtctgcaatggcaattcagtcccattctgtggatgtatggagagcttctctcccaagtcaccgcaggattgggatgccggtgatccgattggagggtgcatcagagatactcccttagattgtgcatctggtaaacaaaacaacacaagttcaacagacatgttccaccccatagctcctgttacactgcccttgtaccctcaaagcatggaagatgcttcgacccagagcgattgcgaagaagcttgtcttcatgactgcgcttgcactgcttatacctataatggtaacagatgctctatctggcatggggaattgcgaagtgtgaatcagaatgatggcattgataatcattctgaaaatgttctttaccttcgcctcgccgccagagattcacaaagtttaaggaagaacaacaaacggagaccaagagttgttgccattgtaagcattgtcgttagttttggattactaatgctcatgcttttgttaacgatttggattaacaaatccaagtggtgtggtgtgccattatatggcagtcaaggtaatgatggtggaattatagcctttagatacaccggtttagttcgtgctactaaatgtttctcagagaagctaggaggaggtggttttggttctgtattcaagggaatgttgggagaccagactgctatagcagtgaaaaggcttgatggtgctcgtcagggagagaagcaattcagggcagaagtgagctcaattggaatgacccaacatatcaacctaatcaaactgattggtttctgctgcgaaggtgataagaggctacttgtgtatgaacgcatgttaaatgggtctcttgacgcccatctatttcagagcaatgctaccgttctaaattggagcaccaggtatcaaatagctataggagttgctagaggattgtgctacctgcaccagagttgtcgcgaatgcatcatacactgtgatattaaaccagaaaacatacttctgaatgaatcatttgttcctaagattgcagattttgggatggcagcgattgtaggaagggattttagccgagttctaactacattcagaggtactgtagggtatcttgccccagagtggcttagcggagttgctattacaccaaaagttgatgtttacagctttggcatggtactattggaaatcatatcaggaaggagaaattcacctaaagtatctgctagcaacagctatcatggtgcttattttcctgtgcgagcaattaacaagcttcatgtgggagatgtgcatagtttgatggatccacgattacatgacgacttcagtttggaagaggctgaaagagtttgcaaagttgcatgttggtgcatccaagaaattgagtctgatcggccgacaatgggtgaagtggtccgggccattgagggtctacatgagcttgatatgcccccgatgccaagactacttgcagctataatagaacactctgatgtggcttcaatataa</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001065605.2 RefSeq:Os07g0186200]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 7]]
[[Category:Chromosome 7]]

Os07g0666900

2015-04-15T07:58:03Z

Zhangye:

''OsNHX1(Os07g0666900)'', is a Na+ and H+ exchanger in rice (''Oryza sativa'')<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/><ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref6"/><ref name="ref7"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*OsNHX1, functions as a Na+and H+exchanger and plays important roles in salt tolerance of rice<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/><ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref6"/>. ''OsNHX1'' may play an important role in the salt tolerance of shoots rather than roots<ref name="ref5"/>.

*Na+/H+exchanger catalyzes the countertransport of Na+and H+across membranes. ''Fukuda et al '' isolated a rice cDNA clone the deduced amino acid sequence of which had homology with a putative Na+/H+exchanger in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, NHX1. The sequence contains 2330 bp with an open reading frame of 1608 bp<ref name="ref2"/>.
*''OsNHX1'' plays important roles in the compartment of Na+ from the cytoplasm of cells into the vacuoles in both of the tissues<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref5"/>.

*Expression of ''OsNHX1'' under the constitutive promoter Actin1D can confer enhanced salinity tolerance in transgenic rice plants. It also function towards alleviation of toxic effects of salt stress at all stages of the life cycle from seedling to maturity<ref name="ref3"/>.

*''OsNHX1'' has the ability to suppress Na+, Li+ and hygromycin sensitivity of yeast ''nhx1'' mutants and sensitivity to a high K+ concentration, a novel phenotype of the ''nhx1'' mutants<ref name="ref5"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006814 GO:0006814], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006885 GO:0006885], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015299 GO:0015299], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015385 GO:0015385], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016021 GO:0016021]

===Mutation===
[[File: OsNHX1-OE transgenic.jpg|right|thumb|300px|'''Figure 1.''''' RT-PCR of OsNHX1-OE transgenic plants.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
1. Overexpression lines of ''OsNHX1''<ref name="ref1"/>:
*T4
*T5
*T6

2. Transgenic lines：''OsNHX1''-OE<ref name="ref1"/>.

3. OsNHX1-143 transgenic rice VS. wild-type:<ref name="ref3"/> 
*By using Agrobacterium- mediated transformation three independent T0 transgenic lines were produced from which Actin 1DOsNHX1-143 was found to be the most prominent event after molecular and stress tolerance analysis.

*The increased accumulation of Na+ in transgenic lines through the over-expression of ''OsNHX1''. The increased accumulation of Na+ion in the vacuoles may be responsible for alleviating the toxic effects of excessive Na+ ion in the cytosol.

*In the case of variety, the transgenic line showed significantly higher spikelet number and yield compared to the wild-type. In the case of Variety x Treatment, only spikelet number was found to be significantly higher in transgenic plants compared to the wild-type

4. ''ena1-4△'' ''nha1△'' ''nhx1△''<ref name="ref4"/>: 
A triple mutant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking its own Na+-ATPases and Na+/H+ antiporters (''ena1-4△'' ''nha1△'' ''nhx1△'') was used for the expression of the Oryza sativa NHX1 gene encoding a putative vacuolar Na+/H+ exchanger.

5. Yeast ''nhx1'' mutants lines<ref name="ref5"/>:
*''osnhx1-1''
*''osnhx1-2'' 
''nhx1'' mutants were sensitive to a high K+ concentration in APG medium.

6. transgenic cell lines<ref name="ref5"/>:
*95-1-35
*95-5-169

===Expression===
*In young leaves, three OsNHX1-OE(T4, T5, T6) lines showed high expression by the genes of interests<ref name="ref1"/>.
*The expression of ''OsNHX1'' was differently expressed in roots and shoots, and was stimulated by salt stress in both of the tissues, suggesting that ''OsNHX1'' plays important roles in the compartment of Na+from the cytoplasm of cells into the vacuoles in both of the tissues<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Over-expression of ''OsNHX1'' under Actin1D promoter was confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western Dot-Blot analyses. At 160 mM salt stress, transgenic seedlings grew well and showed minimal reduction in shoot and root length compared to controls. Leaf chlorophyll estimation assay at 160 mM NaCl showed significantly high chlorosis in wild-type in contrast to the transgenic line. After salt stress, lower K+/Na+ ratio in transgenic leaf compared to the wild-type indicated the increased Na+ accumulation in vacuoles. At reproductive stage transgenic plants showed improved yield charateristics compared to the wild-type after exposure to 60 mM NaCl stress<ref name="ref3"/>.

*The expression of ''O. sativa Nhx1'' antiporter in ''S. cerevisiae'' revealed that ''OsNhx1p'' is a transport system with broad substrate specificity for at least four alkali metal cations (Li+, Na+, K+ and Rb+) and that it is able to substitute the function of yeast endosomal Na+/H+-antiporter ''ScNhx1p''<ref name="ref4"/>.

*''OsNHX1'' gene encodes a vacuolar (Na+, K+)/H+ antiporter that has activity similar to that of the ''ScNHX1'' protein<ref name="ref5"/>.

*The expression of ''OsNHX1'', ''OsNHX2'', ''OsNHX3'', and ''OsNHX5'' is regulated differently in rice tissues and is increased by salt stress, hyperosmotic stress, and ABA<ref name="ref6"/>. ''OsNHX'' expression was also enhanced under submergence, and the levels of ''OsNHX1'' and ''OsNHX5'' transcripts agreed well with those of seedling vigor under submergence<ref name="ref7"/>.

*Expression of Na+/H+ exchanger gene OsNHX was also enhanced by submergence stress and the level of enhancement appeared to agree with the level of seedling vigor among the four cultivars studied, indicating the necessity of further study of its role in seedling vigor under submergence in rice<ref name="ref7"/>.

===Location===
*''Nass and Rao''<ref name="ref8"/> showed that NHX1 was localized in prevacuolar compartments and a member of the newly identified cluster that shared intracellular localization. In addition, NHE6 has been reported to have a mitochondrial distribution<ref name="ref9"/> ,which suggesting that ''OsNHX1'' is localized in the intracellular membrane.

*subcellular localization: 
Analysis using rice cells expressing a fusion protein of ''OsNHX1'' and green fluorescent protein and Western blot analysis using antibodies specific for ''OsNHX1'' confirmed the localization of ''OsNHX1'' on the tonoplasts, which indicating that the ''OsNHX1'' gene encodes a vacuolar (Na+, K+)/H+ antiporter<ref name="ref5"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: Na,H exchanger proteins.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 2.''''' Phylogenetic analysis of Na+/H+ exchanger proteins.(from reference <ref name="ref2"/>).'']]
*Recently a Na+/H+ exchanger gene (''AtNHX1'') homologous to NHX1 has been cloned in ''Arabidopsis thaliana''. The deduced amino acid sequence (''OsNHX1'') has high similarity with ''AtNHX1'' (73%), and is similar to NHX1 and mammalian NHE with 26-33% identity. ''OsNHX1'' shares high similarity with ''AtNHX1'', ''NHX1'', and mammalian NHE within predicted transmembrane segments ,which suggesting that ''OsNHX1'' functions as a Na+/H+exchanger<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Phylogenetic analysis of various Na+/H+ exchangers indicated that ''OsNHX1'', ''AtNHX1'', ''NHX1'', and ''NHE6'' share a cluster distinguished from previously known clusters of other exchangers corresponding to the plasma membrane isoforms of NHEs, bacterial Nha, and yeast Sod2-like exchangers(Fig. 2). ''OsNHX1'' has low similarity with Sod2 of ''S. pombe'', and NhaA and NhaB of ''E. coli''. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these exchangers share distinct groups from NHX1 and NHEs (Fig. 2)<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
The observed mode of ''OsACS'', ''OsACO'' and ''OsNHX'' expression under submergence suggests that these genes can be potential targets for understanding the mechanism regulating seedling vigor under submergence at the post-germination stage in rice<ref name="ref7"/>.

The Na+/H+exchanger that catalyzes the exchange of Na+for H+across membranes, contributes to regulation of internal pH, cell volume, and sodium level in the cytoplasm<ref name="ref10"/>.

Na+/H+ antiporters, which catalyze the exchange of Na+ for H+ across membranes, contribute to the regulation of internal pH, cell volume and the sodium level in the cytoplasm<ref name="ref11"/><ref name="ref12"/>. The antiporters are widespread membrane proteins found in animals, yeasts, bacteria and plants. In particular, vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporters, which compartmentalize Na+ into the vacuoles for detoxification, have been investigated as the key to salt tolerance in yeasts and plants<ref name="ref13"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
*College of Chemistry and Life Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People’s Republic of China
*Department of Life Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China;
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China;
*Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
*Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
*Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
*Department of Plant Physiology, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
*Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
*Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20 Prague 4, Czechia
*Kobe University, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe, Japan
*Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Department of Molecular Biology, Hanoi, Vietnam
*Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice), Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Division, Science City of Munoz, Philippines
*Hyogo Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Kasai, Japan Published online: 16 Apr 2014.

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Liu S, Zheng L, Xue Y, et al. Overexpression of OsVP1 and OsNHX1 increases tolerance to drought and salinity in rice[J]. Journal of Plant Biology, 2010, 53(6): 444-452.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Fukuda A, Nakamura A, Tanaka Y. Molecular cloning and expression of the Na+/H+ exchanger gene in Oryza sativa[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Gene Structure and Expression, 1999, 1446(1): 149-155.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Islam S M, Tammi R S, Malo R, et al. Constitutive expression of OsNHX1 under the promoter Actin1D can improve the salt tolerance and yield characteristics of Bangladeshi rice Binnatoa[J]. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2009, 3(6): 329.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Kinclova-Zimmermannova O, Flegelova H, Sychrova H. Rice Na+/H+-antiporter Nhx1 partially complements the alkali-metal-cation sensitivity of yeast strains lacking three sodium transporters[J]. Folia microbiologica, 2004, 49(5): 519-525.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Fukuda A, Nakamura A, Tagiri A, et al. Function, intracellular localization and the importance in salt tolerance of a vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter from rice[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology, 2004, 45(2): 146-159.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref6">
Fukuda A, Nakamura A, Hara N, et al. Molecular and functional analyses of rice NHX-type Na+/H+ antiporter genes[J]. Planta, 2011, 233(1): 175-188.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref7">
Vu H T T, Manangkil O E, Mori N, et al. Induction and Repression of Gene Expression Mediating Ethylene Biosynthesis and Sodium/Proton Exchange in Rice Seedlings Under Submergence Stress[J]. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 2012, 26(3): 2945-2951.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref8">
Nass R, Rao R. Novel localization of a Na+/H+ exchanger in a late endosomal compartment of yeast Implications for vacuole biogenesis[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1998, 273(33): 21054-21060.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref9">
Numata M, Petrecca K, Lake N, et al. Identification of a mitochondrial Na+/H+ exchanger[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1998, 273(12): 6951-6959.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref10">
Orlowski J, Grinstein S. Na+/H+ exchangers of mammalian cells[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1997, 272(36): 22373-22376.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref11">
Aronson P S. Kinetic properties of the plasma membrane Na+-H+ exchanger[J]. Annual Review of Physiology, 1985, 47(1): 545-560.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref12">
Numata M, Orlowski J. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel (Na+, K+)/H+ exchanger localized to the trans-Golgi network[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2001, 276(20): 17387-17394.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref13">
Blumwald E, Aharon G S, Apse M P. Sodium transport in plant cells[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Biomembranes, 2000, 1465(1): 140-151.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os07g0666900|
Description = Similar to Na+/H+ antiporter NHX6|
Version = NM_001067106.1 GI:115473944 GeneID:4344217|
Length = 4884 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os07g0666900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 7|Chromosome 7]]|
AP = Chromosome 7:28824582..28829465|
CDS = 28824892..28825065,28825168..28825286,28826171..28826268,28826391..28826450,28826549..28826595 ,28826676..28826870,28826973..28827019,28827100..28827166,28827258..28827358 ,28827462..28827563,28827641..28827779,28827857..28827919,28828060..28828143 ,28828718..28829032|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008400:28824582..28829465
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008400:28824582..28829465
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ggcatggggatggaggtggcggcggcgcggctgggggctctgtacacgacctccgactacgcgtcggtggtgtccatcaacctgttcgtcgcgctgctctgcgcctgcatcgtcctcggccacctcctcgaggagaatcgctgggtcaatgagtccatcaccgcgctcatcatcgggctctgcaccggcgtggtgatcttgctgatgaccaaagggaagagctcgcacttattcgtcttcagtgaggatctcttcttcatctacctcctccctccgatcatcttcaatgcaggttttcaggtaaagaaaaagcaattcttccggaatttcatgacgatcacattatttggagccgtcgggacaatgatatcctttttcacaatatctattgctgccattgcaatattcagcagaatgaacattggaacgctggatgtaggagattttcttgcaattggagccatcttttctgcgacagattctgtctgcacattgcaggtcctcaatcaggatgagacaccctttttgtacagtctggtattcggtgaaggtgttgtgaacgatgctacatcaattgtgcttttcaacgcactacagaactttgatcttgtccacatagatgcggctgtcgttctgaaattcttggggaacttcttttatttatttttgtcgagcaccttccttggagtatttgctggattgctcagtgcatacataatcaagaagctatacattggaaggcattctactgaccgtgaggttgcccttatgatgctcatggcttacctttcatatatgctggctgagttgctagatttgagcggcattctcaccgtattcttctgtggtattgtaatgtcacattacacttggcataacgtcacagagagttcaagagttacaacaaagcacgcatttgcaactctgtccttcattgctgagacttttctcttcctgtatgttgggatggatgcattggatattgaaaaatgggagtttgccagtgacagacctggcaaatccattgggataagctcaattttgctaggattggttctgattggaagagctgcttttgtattcccgctgtcgttcttgtcgaacctaacaaagaaggcaccgaatgaaaaaataacctggagacagcaagttgtaatatggtgggctgggctgatgagaggagctgtgtcgattgctcttgcttacaataagtttacaagatctggccatactcagctgcacggcaatgcaataatgatcaccagcaccatcactgtcgttctttttagcactatggtatttgggatgatgacaaagccattgatcaggctgctgctaccggcctcaggccatcctgtcacctctgagccttcatcaccaaagtccctgcattctcctctcctgacaagcatgcaaggttctgacctcgagagtacaaccaacattgtgaggccttccagcctccggatgctcctcaccaagccgacccacactgtccactactactggcgcaagttcgacgacgcgctgatgcgaccgatgtttggcgggcgcgggttcgtgcccttctcccctggatcaccaaccgagcagagccatggaggaagatga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>GMGMEVAAARLGALYTTSDYASVVSINLFVALLCACIVLGHLLE ENRWVNESITALIIGLCTGVVILLMTKGKSSHLFVFSEDLFFIYLLPPIIFNAGFQVK KKQFFRNFMTITLFGAVGTMISFFTISIAAIAIFSRMNIGTLDVGDFLAIGAIFSATD SVCTLQVLNQDETPFLYSLVFGEGVVNDATSIVLFNALQNFDLVHIDAAVVLKFLGNF FYLFLSSTFLGVFAGLLSAYIIKKLYIGRHSTDREVALMMLMAYLSYMLAELLDLSGI LTVFFCGIVMSHYTWHNVTESSRVTTKHAFATLSFIAETFLFLYVGMDALDIEKWEFA SDRPGKSIGISSILLGLVLIGRAAFVFPLSFLSNLTKKAPNEKITWRQQVVIWWAGLM RGAVSIALAYNKFTRSGHTQLHGNAIMITSTITVVLFSTMVFGMMTKPLIRLLLPASG HPVTSEPSSPKSLHSPLLTSMQGSDLESTTNIVRPSSLRMLLTKPTHTVHYYWRKFDD ALMRPMFGGRGFVPFSPGSPTEQSHGGR</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>311..484#587..705#1590..1687#1810..1869#1968..2014#2095..2289#2392..2438#2519..2585#2677..2777#2881..2982#3060..3198#3276..3338#3479..3562#4137..4451#acgaaaagagagagagagagaagagagttttgtagcgagctcgcgcgaatgcgaagccaaccgagagaggtctcgataccaaatcccgatttctcaacctgaatcccccccccacgttcctcgtttcaatctgttcgtctgcgaatcgaattctttgtttttttttctctaattttaccgggaattgtcgaattaggcattcaccaacgagcaagaggggagtggattggttggttaaagctccgcatcttgcggcggaaatctcgctctcttctctgcggtgggtggccggagaagtcgccgccggtgaggcatggggatggaggtggcggcggcgcggctgggggctctgtacacgacctccgactacgcgtcggtggtgtccatcaacctgttcgtcgcgctgctctgcgcctgcatcgtcctcggccacctcctcgaggagaatcgctgggtcaatgagtccatcaccgcgctcatcatcgtaagcgcacacacaccattgctgtgattgattgatcgattgattcgccattgttgctgacgcacgcttgctgctcgatgatttgcttgcttgcttgggcaggggctctgcaccggcgtggtgatcttgctgatgaccaaagggaagagctcgcacttattcgtcttcagtgaggatctcttcttcatctacctcctccctccgatcatcttcaatgcagggtaagtagaaacgcttcggcgtgttcttgctgtggttagatttcggcttcagttcttttgttggcacatggtggtgtacaaggtttttctggggattggggaatctgtttgctgctggtggtacactgtgtacgcgtggctggtttcttgtttgtttcttctgggcctagctgtctgtccgtcgatgtcttagacatggctgctagttcatactgtgcaggttgtgggtgaattttttttttgttttctctttaagacagagatggatttactctcgtcttactggcataccttgacttgccagctcgaactgctgattggtacagtatggagtagcaactgtaatcttgaccattgcatgaagcattgagaaatgctgaaagattatttgttttttaattttaattattatatattgattgactgtgcaacagcttctgtctcctagagttctactcttggtccatttacagtggttagtagtactggtcatccaacaccatgaaggcatgagagggatatggtcctgtcaagagtgatggcgtgatcaatttctgaaagaacagtggccatgctagtccgaatttggttgagcatttaatccccttttgaaggtttttgggccatccatatagatttgaagtagggttgtaggagtaaagctgaatattatgggcccatgtttgctttcacatttaggaattgcaaagtctctctttgggaaagggcacaagtcctttttgagttcagagttactctattttcgttccttttctgctttgcttgaacttttattttttttattcatataataacacaagttgctgaataattctacgggaaaaaaagcatcgtcctggtcctcacaaatatttttccatcagttttcaggtaaagaaaaagcaattcttccggaatttcatgacgatcacattatttggagccgtcgggacaatgatatcctttttcacaatatctattggtacgttctttcagaaatgattcttaattcttccgtgagttggtagtgctttcattttctgttgttccgtgtaaccttttggacttctgagattctgactctgatcaatttcttaatttcagctgccattgcaatattcagcagaatgaacattggaacgctggatgtaggagattttcttggtaagccatggctatctttctgcatgatcatgctggcactaatattgacaccatgtgagcatcatttcctcctgttgactgttatgttcaatgtgcagcaattggagccatcttttctgcgacagattctgtctgcacattgcaggttagttgaacaaattttgccatacctcgagagagacctggattcaacgtgctaatgtaatgatcttaaccccaaaacaggtcctcaatcaggatgagacaccctttttgtacagtctggtattcggtgaaggtgttgtgaacgatgctacatcaattgtgcttttcaacgcactacagaactttgatcttgtccacatagatgcggctgtcgttctgaaattcttggggaacttcttttatttatttttgtcgagcaccttccttggagtatttgtaagttgattcttaagtttcactttttacatcttactgtctgtcttgactctactgcttggttgacacatgtaaacttaatattcttcttccaccctgcaggctggattgctcagtgcatacataatcaagaagctatacattggaaggttagttaagcccaaacaaaccctcattagttaacggttttatgctcagtgttaacttggatgttggtgactgattccaggcattctactgaccgtgaggttgcccttatgatgctcatggcttacctttcatatatgctggctgaggtgtgcctctgctttgatgcagtatcaaaatttgcatatagtttcattttatagtttgattttatctactttgtttgtttgatattggcagttgctagatttgagcggcattctcaccgtattcttctgtggtattgtaatgtcacattacacttggcataacgtcacagagagttcaagagttacaacaaagtaaattataattctcattccatattctactgtttaatgattagcttcagttcgtagaaaaactaaacaaaacttactggtttgttttgtcctttcacctcaggcacgcatttgcaactctgtccttcattgctgagacttttctcttcctgtatgttgggatggatgcattggatattgaaaaatgggagtttgccagtgacaggtctgatacatgttctcatacctaattcctatttatggatatggagactcaattttacttctctttcccattcgcagacctggcaaatccattgggataagctcaattttgctaggattggttctgattggaagagctgcttttgtattcccgctgtcgttcttgtcgaacctaacaaagaaggcaccgaatgaaaaaataacctggagacagcaagtgagtatctggtgtatgatcagacaattttcatttgaattcgacttgccatctgctaactgaatttctctcgataggttgtaatatggtgggctgggctgatgagaggagctgtgtcgattgctcttgcttacaataaggtcagtccgtcagtgcaagactattgcttcacaccatctgtatatctgtatttctcttctcatcttgccattaattagtcccaggagaagtatgtcttagtttcttctccttaagcttaactgtctcgttgcaattgcagtttacaagatctggccatactcagctgcacggcaatgcaataatgatcaccagcaccatcactgtcgttctttttagcactatggtgagtcatcttactgcaacctatgcctaacgcaaagcgtcctcttttcatccaagtttgtgccacatgtctgaattctcaccctaaacaggacctcagcattaagctaacctaataataagttcctcaaagtcgattgtcaaatcaaaattgtcagctgtgacaaaagtaatctggaagcttgtaatgttgaacatgctctaatccaaccaaaaccaactactgaccggagaatgaaatcatgtctttttgtccctactatcttgtcctcttcttatcccttctgaagagattgccgtaccgtccagtcattgactcatcgtccatattctcacatgacatggatcaaggatggcacaattatttgaaattaattgtcgtttgttactactagcttttcgttttagttttctggatgtttctttaggaagacatacatgtgtcatcatgtcgaattgcgcatccaatcacttgattgtttacgagctaaatccttgttcagaatccctggaagctcaaatgtgcaaaacatctatttttgtgaaacatactgacatttataaatgtttattaggtatttgggatgatgacaaagccattgatcaggctgctgctaccggcctcaggccatcctgtcacctctgagccttcatcaccaaagtccctgcattctcctctcctgacaagcatgcaaggttctgacctcgagagtacaaccaacattgtgaggccttccagcctccggatgctcctcaccaagccgacccacactgtccactactactggcgcaagttcgacgacgcgctgatgcgaccgatgtttggcgggcgcgggttcgtgcccttctcccctggatcaccaaccgagcagagccatggaggaagatgaacagtgcaaagaaatgagaatggaatggttgatgaggagaatacatgtaaaatgtgacagcaaaagagagaaggcaagttttgggtttgtagagtttggctgctgctaatgagttgttgatagtgcctatattcttcagaacttcagatggtgcctcaccaaggcctaagagccaggaggaccttctgataatggttcgggatgattggtttgttctgtcaggatgaaccctagtgagtgacacagggtgatgtgctccgacaacctgtaaattttgtagattaacagccccatttgtacctgtctaccatctttagttggcgggtgttctttcctagttgccaccctgcatgtaaaatgaaattctccgccaaaatagatttgtgtgtataataattttgcttggttgatataatggtatggcatggtttgc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001067106.1 RefSeq:Os07g0666900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 7]]
[[Category:Chromosome 7]]

Os07g0186200

2015-04-13T06:35:38Z

Zhangye:

As an '''S-domain receptor-like kinase''' from rice (''Oryza sativa''), '''''OsSIK2'''(Oryza sativa stress-induced protein kinase gene 2)'' is involved in '''abiotic stress''' and the '''senescence process'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File: OsSIK2 Expression1.jpg|right|thumb|240px|'''Figure 1.''' OsSIK2 gene expression and Schematic representation.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
*The downstream PR-related genes specifically up-regulated by full-length ''OsSIK2'' or the DREB-like genes solely enhanced by truncated OsSIK2 are all '''induced''' by '''salt''', '''drought''', and '''dark treatments''', Which indicating that ''OsSIK2'' may integrate stress signals into a developmental program for better adaptive growth under unfavorable conditions. Manipulation of ''OsSIK2'' should facilitate the improvement of production in rice and other crops. ''OsSIK2'' is a '''Mn2+'''-dependent protein kinase<ref name="ref1"/>.

*''OsSIK2'' was an intronless gene and encoded a protein of 833 amino acids. ''OsSIK2'' was predicted to be an S-domain RLK (Fig. 1A)that was less studied in terms of stress response. The extracellular region of OsSIK2 contains a putative signal peptide at the N-terminal portion linked with three modules (B_lectin, S-LOCUS GLYCOPROTEIN, and PAN domains). A transmembrane domain was also identified,
followed by an intracellular Ser/Thr kinase domain<ref name="ref1"/> (Fig. 1A).

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004672 GO:0004672], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004674 GO:0004674], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005524 GO:0005524], GO:0005529,[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006468 GO:0006468]

===Mutation===
gene, mutant and overexpression lines<ref name="ref1"/>:
*OsSIK2-f: OsSIK2 '''full-length''' gene
*OsSIK2-t: OsSIK2 '''truncated''' gene
*''sik2'':
an OsSIK2 '''knockout''' mutant (ND5850) with Transposon of Oryza sativa17 (Tos17) insertion
*OsSIK2-t '''overexpression''' lines:
**OX-72
**OX-74
*OsSIK2-f '''overexpression''' lines:
**OX-15
**OX-17

*Transgenic plants overexpressing ''OsSIK2'' and mutant ''sik2'' exhibit enhanced and reduced tolerance to '''salt''' and '''drought''' stress, respectively, compared with the controls.

*Moreover, seedlings of OsSIK2-overexpressing transgenic plants exhibit early '''leaf''' development and a '''delayed dark-induced''' senescence phenotype, while mutant ''sik2'' shows the opposite phenotype.

*OsSIK2-t may have a greater ability to confer tolerance than OsSIK2-f. OsSIK2 confers tolerance to salt stress under field conditions and that the truncated version OsSIK2-t plays a stronger role than the full-length version OsSIK2-f in stress tolerance. ''OsSIK2'' is efficient in eliminating H2O2 produced under salt stress.

*After dark treatment, the ''OsSIK2'' transgenic plants were greener, whereas the ''sik2'' mutant was more yellow, than the corresponding controls.

===Expression===
*OsSIK2 gene expression<ref name="ref1"/>:
**Figure 1B shows that ''OsSIK2'' was apparently induced by treatments with '''NaCl''' (200 mM), '''polyethylene glycol''' (PEG;20%), '''cold''' (4°C), and '''ABA''' (100 mM), with expression peaks at 1 to 3 h after initiation of the experiments. Thereafter, the expression was gradually reduced.
**''OsSIK2'' was also expressed in various parts of rice plants, with relatively higher levels in leaf and sheath compared with the levels in stem, root, and panicles (Fig. 1C).
**To investigate whether OsSIK2 is a functional protein kinase, the kinase domain of ''OsSIK2'' with a maltose-binding protein (MBP) tag was expressed, purified, confirmed by western-blot analysis using anti-MBP monoclonal antibody (Fig. 1D), and further subjected to autophosphorylation assay. As shown in Figure 1D, when the ''OsSIK2'' kinase-MBP fusion protein was incubated with ATP in the presence of Mn2+, 32P was strongly incorporated into the fusion protein.

*The expression of the peroxidase gene [[Os04g0688200|''POX-1'']] and [[Os07g0676900|''POX-2'']] was up-regulated in ''OsSIK2'' transgenic plants but down-regulated in the ''sik2'' mutant compared with the corresponding controls under normal conditions, suggesting that ''OsSIK2'' increases rice salt tolerance at least partially by the activation of POX-1 and POX-2 expression<ref name="ref1"/>.

*OsSIK2-t activates the expression of [[Os09g0522000|''OsDREB1B'']] and [[Os04g0572400|''OsDREB1E'']] contributes to '''salt''' tolerance and '''dwarfism''' in transgenic plants. Additionally, OsSIK2-t transgenic plants show apparently delayed senescence under field conditions. The DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENTBINDING PROTEIN ('''DREB''') genes OsDREB1B and OsDREB1E and the[[Os12g0183100|senescence-associated dehydrogenase gene]] and [[Os02g0168100|dioxygenase gene]]<ref name="ref2"/> were exclusively up-regulated in OsSIK2-t plants but reduced in the ''sik2'' mutant compared with the corresponding controls<ref name="ref1"/>.

Taken together, ''OsSIK2'' is expressed mainly in rice '''leaf''' and '''sheath''' and can be induced by '''NaCl''', '''drought''', '''cold''', '''dark''', and '''abscisic acid''' treatment. Transgenic Rice Plants Overexpressing ''OsSIK2'' Exhibit dwarfism and early leaf emergence at the seedling stage. Overexpression of ''OsSIK2'' improves salt and drought tolerance in transgenic rice seedlings<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
Subcellular localization of the ''OsSIK2'' was tested in ''Arabidopsis'' protoplasts. OsSIK2-f was exclusively localized in the plasma membrane, whereas OsSIK2-t was localized in both the membrane and cytoplasm, suggesting that the signal peptide and extracellular
parts affect the normal localization of ''OsSIK2''. GFP was used as a control and expressed in cytoplasm. In a word, ''OsSIK2'' is a '''plasma''' membrane-localized protein with kinase activity in the presence of Mn2+<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
*Two paralogues, [[Os06g0203800| ''OsRLK1'' (Os06g0203800)]] and [[Os02g0777400|''OsRLK2''(Os02g0777400)]], were found in the rice genome. These homology with ''Arabidopsis'' '''RLKs''' AtER (63%), AtERL1 (70%) and AtERL2 (70%). In the kinase domain, the identities were 72, 84 and 82%, respectively. ''OsSIK1'' has high similarity with '''ER family''' proteins from ''Arabidopsis'', especially in the kinase domain. The three (ER) RLKs together control stomatal patterning, with specific family members regulating the specification of stomatal stem cell fate and the differentiation of guard cells in ''Arabidopsis''<ref name="ref3"/>.

[[File: LP2 phylogenetic01.jpg|right|thumb|220px|'''Figure 2.''' ''Protein domain structure and phylogenetic analysis of LP2.(from reference <ref name="ref4"/>).'']]
*But [[Os06g0130100|''OsSIK1'']] and ''OsSIK2'' share only 30.56% and 18.04% amino acid identities with '''LP2''', respectively<ref name="ref4"/>.
*[[Os06g0130100|''OsSIK1'']]<ref name="ref3"/>, ''OsSIK2'' and [[Os02g0615800|''LP2'']] proteins all belong to the '''LRR-RLK gene family''', ''LP2'' does not share significant primary sequence homology with ''OsSIK1'' and ''OsSIK2''. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the three proteins are in different subgroups(Figure 2)<ref name="ref4"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*'''RLK''' comprises one of the largest families, with more than 610 and '''1,131''' members in Arabidopsis (''Arabidopsis thaliana'') and '''rice''' (''Oryza sativa''), respectively. Intracellular kinase domains are relatively conserved with Ser/Thr kinase activity to transduce signals. Based on the identity of extracellular domains, RLKs are classified into 44 subfamilies. The biggest subfamily is leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), and the other subfamilies include S-domains, Domain of Unknown Function26, CELL WALL-ASSOCIATED KINASE-like, and others<ref name="ref5"/>.

*Receptor-like kinases ('''RLKs''') play essential roles in plant growth, development and responses to environmental stresses. Most RLKs have kinase activity using Mn2+ as a co-factor<ref name="ref6"/><ref name="ref7"/><ref name="ref8"/>. Similarly, ''OsSIK1'' has kinase activity in the presence of Mn2+. RLKs may have activity in the presence of other ions. Phosphorylation with various ions may indicate thatdifferent RLKs can function under unfavorable conditions or in response to different stresses.
[[File: RLKs Overview1.jpg|left|thumb|310px|'''Figure 3.''' ''Overview of plant receptor-like kinases (RLKs) and their functions.(from reference <ref name="ref9"/>).'']]
*The membrane-localized RLKs have been shown to control diverse signalling events (Fig. 3)<ref name="ref9"/>, and these RLKs constitute the largest gene family in various plant genomes, with >600 members in Arabidopsis and 1100 members in rice, and are classified based on their extracellular structures. The RLKs regulate the homeostatic mechanisms underlying abiotic and biotic stress responses and have a major role in integrating environmental and plant hormone signallings.In addition, RLKs have been known to have a major role in integrating environmental and plant hormone signalling<ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref9"/><ref name="ref10"/>(Fig. 3).

*'''ROS''', partially reduced or activated derivatives of oxygen, are highly reactive and toxic, and can damage DNA, proteins and carbohydrates, resulting in cell death<ref name="ref11"/>. ROS also cause lipid peroxidation, cell membrane damage and MDA production. ROS production can increase under abiotic stresses<ref name="ref12"/><ref name="ref13"/><ref name="ref14"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
*National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Chen L J, Wuriyanghan H, Zhang Y Q, et al. An S-Domain Receptor-Like Kinase, OsSIK2, Confers Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Delays Dark-Induced Leaf Senescence in Rice[J]. Plant physiology, 2013, 163(4): 1752-1765.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Lee I C, Hong S W, Whang S S, et al. Age-dependent action of an ABA-inducible receptor kinase, RPK1, as a positive regulator of senescence in Arabidopsis leaves[J]. Plant and cell physiology, 2011, 52(4): 651-662.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Ouyang S Q, Liu Y F, Liu P, et al. Receptor‐like kinase OsSIK1 improves drought and salt stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa) plants[J]. The Plant Journal, 2010, 62(2): 316-329.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Wu F, Sheng P, Tan J, et al. Plasma membrane receptor-like kinase leaf panicle 2 acts downstream of the DROUGHT AND SALT TOLERANCE transcription factor to regulate drought sensitivity in rice[J]. Journal of experimental botany, 2014: eru417.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Shiu S H, Bleecker A B. Plant receptor-like kinase gene family: diversity, function, and signaling[J]. Science Signaling, 2001, 2001(113): re22.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref6">
Schulze-Muth P, Irmler S, Schröder G, et al. Novel Type of Receptor-like Protein Kinase from a Higher Plant (Catharanthus roseus) cDNA, GENE, INTRAMOLECULAR AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION, AND IDENTIFICATION OF A THREONINE IMPORTANT FOR AUTO-AND SUBSTRATE PHOSPHORYLATION[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1996, 271(43): 26684-26689.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref7">
Liu G Z, Pi L Y, Walker J C, et al. Biochemical characterization of the kinase domain of the rice disease resistance receptor-like kinase XA21[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2002, 277(23): 20264-20269.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref8">
He X J, Zhang Z G, Yan D Q, et al. A salt-responsive receptor-like kinase gene regulated by the ethylene signaling pathway encodes a plasma membrane serine/threonine kinase[J]. Theoretical and applied genetics, 2004, 109(2): 377-383.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref9">
Osakabe Y, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K, et al. Sensing the environment: key roles of membrane-localized kinases in plant perception and response to abiotic stress[J]. Journal of experimental botany, 2013, 64(2): 445-458
</ref>
* <ref name="ref10">
Diévart A, Clark S E. LRR-containing receptors regulating plant development and defense[J]. Development, 2004, 131(2): 251-261.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref11">
Mittler R, Vanderauwera S, Gollery M, et al. Reactive oxygen gene network of plants[J]. Trends in plant science, 2004, 9(10): 490-498.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref12">
Zhu J K. Plant salt tolerance[J]. Trends in plant science, 2001, 6(2): 66-71.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref13">
Mittler R. Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance[J]. Trends in plant science, 2002, 7(9): 405-410.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref14">
Xiong L, Schumaker K S, Zhu J K. Cell signaling during cold, drought, and salt stress[J]. The Plant Cell Online, 2002, 14(suppl 1): S165-S183.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os07g0186200|
Description = Curculin-like (mannose-binding) lectin domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001065605.2 GI:297606835 GeneID:4342594|
Length = 2514 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os07g0186200, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 7|Chromosome 7]]|
AP = Chromosome 7:4625246..4627759|
CDS = 4625246..4627759|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008400:4625246..4627759
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008400:4625246..4627759
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgccacctcctctctatgtcttgctactactcagtgggcttctcctctcctccctgcacactcctccatgttccgccgccattgcagatggcgacactctcatggtaggccaagcgctttctgtcggcgagaagctcgtctcgaggaacggcaagttcgcgctcggcttcttccagccacaaccaactgcaggcatcagtaagtccattaacaccaccaccaacacattgcctggctggtatcttggcatatggttcaacaagatccaggtttttactacagcttgggttgctaatagggagaatcccatcactggccctgagctgaagcaagcacagctcaaaatctcaagagatggcaatcttgccatcgtcttgaacaacaacaacaccagttcagagtccataatctggtccagcactcacaccattgtcaataggacaacaggatcatccagcacaaacaccagtgctctcctcatgaacaatggaaacctactcctcatggctagtagcaatgttgtgttgtggcagagcttcgactaccctgcagatgttgggcttccgggtgctaagttaggtaggaacaagatcaccggtttgaaccgtcggttcgttgccaagaagagcctcattgatatgggcctcggctcttacatccttgagatggacacaaacacggtgttgcgccttaggcgtcgcaaacctcccgtcgtggtgtattggtcttggtcatccggacaattggcgtatacgcttgtaccattgctcaatgagctgctagacatggatccacggaccaaaggcttgctcaaacctgcatatgtccacaacaatgaggaggagtacttcacgtacacctcccttgatgaatcggcttctgtattcgtttccatagacatcactggtcaggttaagctgaatgtttggtcacaacccaaaatgtcttggcaaaccatatatgcagaaccatctgatccatgcagcctgcacgatgtctgtggacctttcacggtctgcaatggcaattcagtcccattctgtggatgtatggagagcttctctcccaagtcaccgcaggattgggatgccggtgatccgattggagggtgcatcagagatactcccttagattgtgcatctggtaaacaaaacaacacaagttcaacagacatgttccaccccatagctcctgttacactgcccttgtaccctcaaagcatggaagatgcttcgacccagagcgattgcgaagaagcttgtcttcatgactgcgcttgcactgcttatacctataatggtaacagatgctctatctggcatggggaattgcgaagtgtgaatcagaatgatggcattgataatcattctgaaaatgttctttaccttcgcctcgccgccagagattcacaaagtttaaggaagaacaacaaacggagaccaagagttgttgccattgtaagcattgtcgttagttttggattactaatgctcatgcttttgttaacgatttggattaacaaatccaagtggtgtggtgtgccattatatggcagtcaaggtaatgatggtggaattatagcctttagatacaccggtttagttcgtgctactaaatgtttctcagagaagctaggaggaggtggttttggttctgtattcaagggaatgttgggagaccagactgctatagcagtgaaaaggcttgatggtgctcgtcagggagagaagcaattcagggcagaagtgagctcaattggaatgacccaacatatcaacctaatcaaactgattggtttctgctgcgaaggtgataagaggctacttgtgtatgaacgcatgttaaatgggtctcttgacgcccatctatttcagagcaatgctaccgttctaaattggagcaccaggtatcaaatagctataggagttgctagaggattgtgctacctgcaccagagttgtcgcgaatgcatcatacactgtgatattaaaccagaaaacatacttctgaatgaatcatttgttcctaagattgcagattttgggatggcagcgattgtaggaagggattttagccgagttctaactacattcagaggtactgtagggtatcttgccccagagtggcttagcggagttgctattacaccaaaagttgatgtttacagctttggcatggtactattggaaatcatatcaggaaggagaaattcacctaaagtatctgctagcaacagctatcatggtgcttattttcctgtgcgagcaattaacaagcttcatgtgggagatgtgcatagtttgatggatccacgattacatgacgacttcagtttggaagaggctgaaagagtttgcaaagttgcatgttggtgcatccaagaaattgagtctgatcggccgacaatgggtgaagtggtccgggccattgagggtctacatgagcttgatatgcccccgatgccaagactacttgcagctataatagaacactctgatgtggcttcaatataa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MPPPLYVLLLLSGLLLSSLHTPPCSAAIADGDTLMVGQALSVGE KLVSRNGKFALGFFQPQPTAGISKSINTTTNTLPGWYLGIWFNKIQVFTTAWVANREN PITGPELKQAQLKISRDGNLAIVLNNNNTSSESIIWSSTHTIVNRTTGSSSTNTSALL MNNGNLLLMASSNVVLWQSFDYPADVGLPGAKLGRNKITGLNRRFVAKKSLIDMGLGS YILEMDTNTVLRLRRRKPPVVVYWSWSSGQLAYTLVPLLNELLDMDPRTKGLLKPAYV HNNEEEYFTYTSLDESASVFVSIDITGQVKLNVWSQPKMSWQTIYAEPSDPCSLHDVC GPFTVCNGNSVPFCGCMESFSPKSPQDWDAGDPIGGCIRDTPLDCASGKQNNTSSTDM FHPIAPVTLPLYPQSMEDASTQSDCEEACLHDCACTAYTYNGNRCSIWHGELRSVNQN DGIDNHSENVLYLRLAARDSQSLRKNNKRRPRVVAIVSIVVSFGLLMLMLLLTIWINK SKWCGVPLYGSQGNDGGIIAFRYTGLVRATKCFSEKLGGGGFGSVFKGMLGDQTAIAV KRLDGARQGEKQFRAEVSSIGMTQHINLIKLIGFCCEGDKRLLVYERMLNGSLDAHLF QSNATVLNWSTRYQIAIGVARGLCYLHQSCRECIIHCDIKPENILLNESFVPKIADFG MAAIVGRDFSRVLTTFRGTVGYLAPEWLSGVAITPKVDVYSFGMVLLEIISGRRNSPK VSASNSYHGAYFPVRAINKLHVGDVHSLMDPRLHDDFSLEEAERVCKVACWCIQEIES DRPTMGEVVRAIEGLHELDMPPMPRLLAAIIEHSDVASI</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..2514#atgccacctcctctctatgtcttgctactactcagtgggcttctcctctcctccctgcacactcctccatgttccgccgccattgcagatggcgacactctcatggtaggccaagcgctttctgtcggcgagaagctcgtctcgaggaacggcaagttcgcgctcggcttcttccagccacaaccaactgcaggcatcagtaagtccattaacaccaccaccaacacattgcctggctggtatcttggcatatggttcaacaagatccaggtttttactacagcttgggttgctaatagggagaatcccatcactggccctgagctgaagcaagcacagctcaaaatctcaagagatggcaatcttgccatcgtcttgaacaacaacaacaccagttcagagtccataatctggtccagcactcacaccattgtcaataggacaacaggatcatccagcacaaacaccagtgctctcctcatgaacaatggaaacctactcctcatggctagtagcaatgttgtgttgtggcagagcttcgactaccctgcagatgttgggcttccgggtgctaagttaggtaggaacaagatcaccggtttgaaccgtcggttcgttgccaagaagagcctcattgatatgggcctcggctcttacatccttgagatggacacaaacacggtgttgcgccttaggcgtcgcaaacctcccgtcgtggtgtattggtcttggtcatccggacaattggcgtatacgcttgtaccattgctcaatgagctgctagacatggatccacggaccaaaggcttgctcaaacctgcatatgtccacaacaatgaggaggagtacttcacgtacacctcccttgatgaatcggcttctgtattcgtttccatagacatcactggtcaggttaagctgaatgtttggtcacaacccaaaatgtcttggcaaaccatatatgcagaaccatctgatccatgcagcctgcacgatgtctgtggacctttcacggtctgcaatggcaattcagtcccattctgtggatgtatggagagcttctctcccaagtcaccgcaggattgggatgccggtgatccgattggagggtgcatcagagatactcccttagattgtgcatctggtaaacaaaacaacacaagttcaacagacatgttccaccccatagctcctgttacactgcccttgtaccctcaaagcatggaagatgcttcgacccagagcgattgcgaagaagcttgtcttcatgactgcgcttgcactgcttatacctataatggtaacagatgctctatctggcatggggaattgcgaagtgtgaatcagaatgatggcattgataatcattctgaaaatgttctttaccttcgcctcgccgccagagattcacaaagtttaaggaagaacaacaaacggagaccaagagttgttgccattgtaagcattgtcgttagttttggattactaatgctcatgcttttgttaacgatttggattaacaaatccaagtggtgtggtgtgccattatatggcagtcaaggtaatgatggtggaattatagcctttagatacaccggtttagttcgtgctactaaatgtttctcagagaagctaggaggaggtggttttggttctgtattcaagggaatgttgggagaccagactgctatagcagtgaaaaggcttgatggtgctcgtcagggagagaagcaattcagggcagaagtgagctcaattggaatgacccaacatatcaacctaatcaaactgattggtttctgctgcgaaggtgataagaggctacttgtgtatgaacgcatgttaaatgggtctcttgacgcccatctatttcagagcaatgctaccgttctaaattggagcaccaggtatcaaatagctataggagttgctagaggattgtgctacctgcaccagagttgtcgcgaatgcatcatacactgtgatattaaaccagaaaacatacttctgaatgaatcatttgttcctaagattgcagattttgggatggcagcgattgtaggaagggattttagccgagttctaactacattcagaggtactgtagggtatcttgccccagagtggcttagcggagttgctattacaccaaaagttgatgtttacagctttggcatggtactattggaaatcatatcaggaaggagaaattcacctaaagtatctgctagcaacagctatcatggtgcttattttcctgtgcgagcaattaacaagcttcatgtgggagatgtgcatagtttgatggatccacgattacatgacgacttcagtttggaagaggctgaaagagtttgcaaagttgcatgttggtgcatccaagaaattgagtctgatcggccgacaatgggtgaagtggtccgggccattgagggtctacatgagcttgatatgcccccgatgccaagactacttgcagctataatagaacactctgatgtggcttcaatataa</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001065605.2 RefSeq:Os07g0186200]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 7]]
[[Category:Chromosome 7]]

Os07g0666900

2015-04-13T06:19:43Z

Zhangye: /* Expression */

''OsNHX1(Os07g0666900)'', is a Na+ and H+ exchanger in rice (''Oryza sativa'')<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/><ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref6"/><ref name="ref7"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*OsNHX1, functions as a Na+and H+exchanger and plays important roles in salt tolerance of rice<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/><ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref6"/>. ''OsNHX1'' may play an important role in the salt tolerance of shoots rather than roots<ref name="ref5"/>.

*Na+/H+exchanger catalyzes the countertransport of Na+and H+across membranes. ''Fukuda et al '' isolated a rice cDNA clone the deduced amino acid sequence of which had homology with a putative Na+/H+exchanger in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, NHX1. The sequence contains 2330 bp with an open reading frame of 1608 bp<ref name="ref2"/>.
*''OsNHX1'' plays important roles in the compartment of Na+ from the cytoplasm of cells into the vacuoles in both of the tissues<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref5"/>.

*Expression of ''OsNHX1'' under the constitutive promoter Actin1D can confer enhanced salinity tolerance in transgenic rice plants. It also function towards alleviation of toxic effects of salt stress at all stages of the life cycle from seedling to maturity<ref name="ref3"/>.

*''OsNHX1'' has the ability to suppress Na+, Li+ and hygromycin sensitivity of yeast ''nhx1'' mutants and sensitivity to a high K+ concentration, a novel phenotype of the ''nhx1'' mutants<ref name="ref5"/>.

*The expression of ''OsNHX1'', ''OsNHX2'', ''OsNHX3'', and ''OsNHX5'' is regulated differently in rice tissues and is increased by salt stress, hyperosmotic stress, and ABA<ref name="ref6"/>.

*''OsNHX'' expression was also enhanced under submergence, and the levels of ''OsNHX1'' and ''OsNHX5'' transcripts agreed well with those of seedling vigor under submergence<ref name="ref7"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006814 GO:0006814], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006885 GO:0006885], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015299 GO:0015299], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015385 GO:0015385], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016021 GO:0016021]

===Mutation===
[[File: OsNHX1-OE transgenic.jpg|right|thumb|300px|'''Figure 1.''''' RT-PCR of OsNHX1-OE transgenic plants.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
1. Overexpression lines of ''OsNHX1''<ref name="ref1"/>:
*T4
*T5
*T6

2. Transgenic lines：''OsNHX1''-OE<ref name="ref1"/>.

3. OsNHX1-143 transgenic rice VS. wild-type:<ref name="ref3"/> 
*By using Agrobacterium- mediated transformation three independent T0 transgenic lines were produced from which Actin 1DOsNHX1-143 was found to be the most prominent event after molecular and stress tolerance analysis.

*The increased accumulation of Na+ in transgenic lines through the over-expression of ''OsNHX1''. The increased accumulation of Na+ion in the vacuoles may be responsible for alleviating the toxic effects of excessive Na+ ion in the cytosol.

*In the case of variety, the transgenic line showed significantly higher spikelet number and yield compared to the wild-type. In the case of Variety x Treatment, only spikelet number was found to be significantly higher in transgenic plants compared to the wild-type

4. ''ena1-4△'' ''nha1△'' ''nhx1△''<ref name="ref4"/>: 
A triple mutant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking its own Na+-ATPases and Na+/H+ antiporters (''ena1-4△'' ''nha1△'' ''nhx1△'') was used for the expression of the Oryza sativa NHX1 gene encoding a putative vacuolar Na+/H+ exchanger.

5. Yeast ''nhx1'' mutants lines<ref name="ref5"/>:
*''osnhx1-1''
*''osnhx1-2'' 
''nhx1'' mutants were sensitive to a high K+ concentration in APG medium.

6. transgenic cell lines<ref name="ref5"/>:
*95-1-35
*95-5-169

===Expression===
*In young leaves, three OsNHX1-OE(T4, T5, T6) lines showed high expression by the genes of interests<ref name="ref1"/>.
*The expression of ''OsNHX1'' was differently expressed in roots and shoots, and was stimulated by salt stress in both of the tissues, suggesting that ''OsNHX1'' plays important roles in the compartment of Na+from the cytoplasm of cells into the vacuoles in both of the tissues<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Over-expression of ''OsNHX1'' under Actin1D promoter was confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western Dot-Blot analyses. At 160 mM salt stress, transgenic seedlings grew well and showed minimal reduction in shoot and root length compared to controls. Leaf chlorophyll estimation assay at 160 mM NaCl showed significantly high chlorosis in wild-type in contrast to the transgenic line. After salt stress, lower K+/Na+ ratio in transgenic leaf compared to the wild-type indicated the increased Na+ accumulation in vacuoles. At reproductive stage transgenic plants showed improved yield charateristics compared to the wild-type after exposure to 60 mM NaCl stress<ref name="ref3"/>.

*The expression of ''O. sativa Nhx1'' antiporter in ''S. cerevisiae'' revealed that ''OsNhx1p'' is a transport system with broad substrate specificity for at least four alkali metal cations (Li+, Na+, K+ and Rb+) and that it is able to substitute the function of yeast endosomal Na+/H+-antiporter ''ScNhx1p''<ref name="ref4"/>.

*''OsNHX1'' gene encodes a vacuolar (Na+, K+)/H+ antiporter that has activity similar to that of the ''ScNHX1'' protein<ref name="ref5"/>.

*Expression of Na+/H+ exchanger gene OsNHX was also enhanced by submergence stress and the level of enhancement appeared to agree with the level of seedling vigor among the four cultivars studied, indicating the necessity of further study of its role in seedling vigor under submergence in rice<ref name="ref7"/>.

===Location===
*''Nass and Rao''<ref name="ref8"/> showed that NHX1 was localized in prevacuolar compartments and a member of the newly identified cluster that shared intracellular localization. In addition, NHE6 has been reported to have a mitochondrial distribution<ref name="ref9"/> ,which suggesting that ''OsNHX1'' is localized in the intracellular membrane.

*subcellular localization: 
Analysis using rice cells expressing a fusion protein of ''OsNHX1'' and green fluorescent protein and Western blot analysis using antibodies specific for ''OsNHX1'' confirmed the localization of ''OsNHX1'' on the tonoplasts, which indicating that the ''OsNHX1'' gene encodes a vacuolar (Na+, K+)/H+ antiporter<ref name="ref5"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: Na,H exchanger proteins.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 2.''''' Phylogenetic analysis of Na+/H+ exchanger proteins.(from reference <ref name="ref2"/>).'']]
*Recently a Na+/H+ exchanger gene (''AtNHX1'') homologous to NHX1 has been cloned in ''Arabidopsis thaliana''. The deduced amino acid sequence (''OsNHX1'') has high similarity with ''AtNHX1'' (73%), and is similar to NHX1 and mammalian NHE with 26-33% identity. ''OsNHX1'' shares high similarity with ''AtNHX1'', ''NHX1'', and mammalian NHE within predicted transmembrane segments ,which suggesting that ''OsNHX1'' functions as a Na+/H+exchanger<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Phylogenetic analysis of various Na+/H+ exchangers indicated that ''OsNHX1'', ''AtNHX1'', ''NHX1'', and ''NHE6'' share a cluster distinguished from previously known clusters of other exchangers corresponding to the plasma membrane isoforms of NHEs, bacterial Nha, and yeast Sod2-like exchangers(Fig. 2). ''OsNHX1'' has low similarity with Sod2 of ''S. pombe'', and NhaA and NhaB of ''E. coli''. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these exchangers share distinct groups from NHX1 and NHEs (Fig. 2)<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
The observed mode of ''OsACS'', ''OsACO'' and ''OsNHX'' expression under submergence suggests that these genes can be potential targets for understanding the mechanism regulating seedling vigor under submergence at the post-germination stage in rice<ref name="ref7"/>.

The Na+/H+exchanger that catalyzes the exchange of Na+for H+across membranes, contributes to regulation of internal pH, cell volume, and sodium level in the cytoplasm<ref name="ref10"/>.

Na+/H+ antiporters, which catalyze the exchange of Na+ for H+ across membranes, contribute to the regulation of internal pH, cell volume and the sodium level in the cytoplasm<ref name="ref11"/><ref name="ref12"/>. The antiporters are widespread membrane proteins found in animals, yeasts, bacteria and plants. In particular, vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporters, which compartmentalize Na+ into the vacuoles for detoxification, have been investigated as the key to salt tolerance in yeasts and plants<ref name="ref13"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
*College of Chemistry and Life Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People’s Republic of China
*Department of Life Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China;
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China;
*Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
*Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
*Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
*Department of Plant Physiology, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
*Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
*Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20 Prague 4, Czechia
*Kobe University, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe, Japan
*Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Department of Molecular Biology, Hanoi, Vietnam
*Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice), Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Division, Science City of Munoz, Philippines
*Hyogo Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Kasai, Japan Published online: 16 Apr 2014.

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Liu S, Zheng L, Xue Y, et al. Overexpression of OsVP1 and OsNHX1 increases tolerance to drought and salinity in rice[J]. Journal of Plant Biology, 2010, 53(6): 444-452.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Fukuda A, Nakamura A, Tanaka Y. Molecular cloning and expression of the Na+/H+ exchanger gene in Oryza sativa[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Gene Structure and Expression, 1999, 1446(1): 149-155.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Islam S M, Tammi R S, Malo R, et al. Constitutive expression of OsNHX1 under the promoter Actin1D can improve the salt tolerance and yield characteristics of Bangladeshi rice Binnatoa[J]. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2009, 3(6): 329.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Kinclova-Zimmermannova O, Flegelova H, Sychrova H. Rice Na+/H+-antiporter Nhx1 partially complements the alkali-metal-cation sensitivity of yeast strains lacking three sodium transporters[J]. Folia microbiologica, 2004, 49(5): 519-525.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Fukuda A, Nakamura A, Tagiri A, et al. Function, intracellular localization and the importance in salt tolerance of a vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter from rice[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology, 2004, 45(2): 146-159.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref6">
Fukuda A, Nakamura A, Hara N, et al. Molecular and functional analyses of rice NHX-type Na+/H+ antiporter genes[J]. Planta, 2011, 233(1): 175-188.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref7">
Vu H T T, Manangkil O E, Mori N, et al. Induction and Repression of Gene Expression Mediating Ethylene Biosynthesis and Sodium/Proton Exchange in Rice Seedlings Under Submergence Stress[J]. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 2012, 26(3): 2945-2951.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref8">
Nass R, Rao R. Novel localization of a Na+/H+ exchanger in a late endosomal compartment of yeast Implications for vacuole biogenesis[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1998, 273(33): 21054-21060.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref9">
Numata M, Petrecca K, Lake N, et al. Identification of a mitochondrial Na+/H+ exchanger[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1998, 273(12): 6951-6959.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref10">
Orlowski J, Grinstein S. Na+/H+ exchangers of mammalian cells[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1997, 272(36): 22373-22376.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref11">
Aronson P S. Kinetic properties of the plasma membrane Na+-H+ exchanger[J]. Annual Review of Physiology, 1985, 47(1): 545-560.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref12">
Numata M, Orlowski J. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel (Na+, K+)/H+ exchanger localized to the trans-Golgi network[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2001, 276(20): 17387-17394.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref13">
Blumwald E, Aharon G S, Apse M P. Sodium transport in plant cells[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Biomembranes, 2000, 1465(1): 140-151.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os07g0666900|
Description = Similar to Na+/H+ antiporter NHX6|
Version = NM_001067106.1 GI:115473944 GeneID:4344217|
Length = 4884 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os07g0666900, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 7|Chromosome 7]]|
AP = Chromosome 7:28824582..28829465|
CDS = 28824892..28825065,28825168..28825286,28826171..28826268,28826391..28826450,28826549..28826595 ,28826676..28826870,28826973..28827019,28827100..28827166,28827258..28827358 ,28827462..28827563,28827641..28827779,28827857..28827919,28828060..28828143 ,28828718..28829032|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008400:28824582..28829465
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008400:28824582..28829465
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>ggcatggggatggaggtggcggcggcgcggctgggggctctgtacacgacctccgactacgcgtcggtggtgtccatcaacctgttcgtcgcgctgctctgcgcctgcatcgtcctcggccacctcctcgaggagaatcgctgggtcaatgagtccatcaccgcgctcatcatcgggctctgcaccggcgtggtgatcttgctgatgaccaaagggaagagctcgcacttattcgtcttcagtgaggatctcttcttcatctacctcctccctccgatcatcttcaatgcaggttttcaggtaaagaaaaagcaattcttccggaatttcatgacgatcacattatttggagccgtcgggacaatgatatcctttttcacaatatctattgctgccattgcaatattcagcagaatgaacattggaacgctggatgtaggagattttcttgcaattggagccatcttttctgcgacagattctgtctgcacattgcaggtcctcaatcaggatgagacaccctttttgtacagtctggtattcggtgaaggtgttgtgaacgatgctacatcaattgtgcttttcaacgcactacagaactttgatcttgtccacatagatgcggctgtcgttctgaaattcttggggaacttcttttatttatttttgtcgagcaccttccttggagtatttgctggattgctcagtgcatacataatcaagaagctatacattggaaggcattctactgaccgtgaggttgcccttatgatgctcatggcttacctttcatatatgctggctgagttgctagatttgagcggcattctcaccgtattcttctgtggtattgtaatgtcacattacacttggcataacgtcacagagagttcaagagttacaacaaagcacgcatttgcaactctgtccttcattgctgagacttttctcttcctgtatgttgggatggatgcattggatattgaaaaatgggagtttgccagtgacagacctggcaaatccattgggataagctcaattttgctaggattggttctgattggaagagctgcttttgtattcccgctgtcgttcttgtcgaacctaacaaagaaggcaccgaatgaaaaaataacctggagacagcaagttgtaatatggtgggctgggctgatgagaggagctgtgtcgattgctcttgcttacaataagtttacaagatctggccatactcagctgcacggcaatgcaataatgatcaccagcaccatcactgtcgttctttttagcactatggtatttgggatgatgacaaagccattgatcaggctgctgctaccggcctcaggccatcctgtcacctctgagccttcatcaccaaagtccctgcattctcctctcctgacaagcatgcaaggttctgacctcgagagtacaaccaacattgtgaggccttccagcctccggatgctcctcaccaagccgacccacactgtccactactactggcgcaagttcgacgacgcgctgatgcgaccgatgtttggcgggcgcgggttcgtgcccttctcccctggatcaccaaccgagcagagccatggaggaagatga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>GMGMEVAAARLGALYTTSDYASVVSINLFVALLCACIVLGHLLE ENRWVNESITALIIGLCTGVVILLMTKGKSSHLFVFSEDLFFIYLLPPIIFNAGFQVK KKQFFRNFMTITLFGAVGTMISFFTISIAAIAIFSRMNIGTLDVGDFLAIGAIFSATD SVCTLQVLNQDETPFLYSLVFGEGVVNDATSIVLFNALQNFDLVHIDAAVVLKFLGNF FYLFLSSTFLGVFAGLLSAYIIKKLYIGRHSTDREVALMMLMAYLSYMLAELLDLSGI LTVFFCGIVMSHYTWHNVTESSRVTTKHAFATLSFIAETFLFLYVGMDALDIEKWEFA SDRPGKSIGISSILLGLVLIGRAAFVFPLSFLSNLTKKAPNEKITWRQQVVIWWAGLM RGAVSIALAYNKFTRSGHTQLHGNAIMITSTITVVLFSTMVFGMMTKPLIRLLLPASG HPVTSEPSSPKSLHSPLLTSMQGSDLESTTNIVRPSSLRMLLTKPTHTVHYYWRKFDD ALMRPMFGGRGFVPFSPGSPTEQSHGGR</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>311..484#587..705#1590..1687#1810..1869#1968..2014#2095..2289#2392..2438#2519..2585#2677..2777#2881..2982#3060..3198#3276..3338#3479..3562#4137..4451#acgaaaagagagagagagagaagagagttttgtagcgagctcgcgcgaatgcgaagccaaccgagagaggtctcgataccaaatcccgatttctcaacctgaatcccccccccacgttcctcgtttcaatctgttcgtctgcgaatcgaattctttgtttttttttctctaattttaccgggaattgtcgaattaggcattcaccaacgagcaagaggggagtggattggttggttaaagctccgcatcttgcggcggaaatctcgctctcttctctgcggtgggtggccggagaagtcgccgccggtgaggcatggggatggaggtggcggcggcgcggctgggggctctgtacacgacctccgactacgcgtcggtggtgtccatcaacctgttcgtcgcgctgctctgcgcctgcatcgtcctcggccacctcctcgaggagaatcgctgggtcaatgagtccatcaccgcgctcatcatcgtaagcgcacacacaccattgctgtgattgattgatcgattgattcgccattgttgctgacgcacgcttgctgctcgatgatttgcttgcttgcttgggcaggggctctgcaccggcgtggtgatcttgctgatgaccaaagggaagagctcgcacttattcgtcttcagtgaggatctcttcttcatctacctcctccctccgatcatcttcaatgcagggtaagtagaaacgcttcggcgtgttcttgctgtggttagatttcggcttcagttcttttgttggcacatggtggtgtacaaggtttttctggggattggggaatctgtttgctgctggtggtacactgtgtacgcgtggctggtttcttgtttgtttcttctgggcctagctgtctgtccgtcgatgtcttagacatggctgctagttcatactgtgcaggttgtgggtgaattttttttttgttttctctttaagacagagatggatttactctcgtcttactggcataccttgacttgccagctcgaactgctgattggtacagtatggagtagcaactgtaatcttgaccattgcatgaagcattgagaaatgctgaaagattatttgttttttaattttaattattatatattgattgactgtgcaacagcttctgtctcctagagttctactcttggtccatttacagtggttagtagtactggtcatccaacaccatgaaggcatgagagggatatggtcctgtcaagagtgatggcgtgatcaatttctgaaagaacagtggccatgctagtccgaatttggttgagcatttaatccccttttgaaggtttttgggccatccatatagatttgaagtagggttgtaggagtaaagctgaatattatgggcccatgtttgctttcacatttaggaattgcaaagtctctctttgggaaagggcacaagtcctttttgagttcagagttactctattttcgttccttttctgctttgcttgaacttttattttttttattcatataataacacaagttgctgaataattctacgggaaaaaaagcatcgtcctggtcctcacaaatatttttccatcagttttcaggtaaagaaaaagcaattcttccggaatttcatgacgatcacattatttggagccgtcgggacaatgatatcctttttcacaatatctattggtacgttctttcagaaatgattcttaattcttccgtgagttggtagtgctttcattttctgttgttccgtgtaaccttttggacttctgagattctgactctgatcaatttcttaatttcagctgccattgcaatattcagcagaatgaacattggaacgctggatgtaggagattttcttggtaagccatggctatctttctgcatgatcatgctggcactaatattgacaccatgtgagcatcatttcctcctgttgactgttatgttcaatgtgcagcaattggagccatcttttctgcgacagattctgtctgcacattgcaggttagttgaacaaattttgccatacctcgagagagacctggattcaacgtgctaatgtaatgatcttaaccccaaaacaggtcctcaatcaggatgagacaccctttttgtacagtctggtattcggtgaaggtgttgtgaacgatgctacatcaattgtgcttttcaacgcactacagaactttgatcttgtccacatagatgcggctgtcgttctgaaattcttggggaacttcttttatttatttttgtcgagcaccttccttggagtatttgtaagttgattcttaagtttcactttttacatcttactgtctgtcttgactctactgcttggttgacacatgtaaacttaatattcttcttccaccctgcaggctggattgctcagtgcatacataatcaagaagctatacattggaaggttagttaagcccaaacaaaccctcattagttaacggttttatgctcagtgttaacttggatgttggtgactgattccaggcattctactgaccgtgaggttgcccttatgatgctcatggcttacctttcatatatgctggctgaggtgtgcctctgctttgatgcagtatcaaaatttgcatatagtttcattttatagtttgattttatctactttgtttgtttgatattggcagttgctagatttgagcggcattctcaccgtattcttctgtggtattgtaatgtcacattacacttggcataacgtcacagagagttcaagagttacaacaaagtaaattataattctcattccatattctactgtttaatgattagcttcagttcgtagaaaaactaaacaaaacttactggtttgttttgtcctttcacctcaggcacgcatttgcaactctgtccttcattgctgagacttttctcttcctgtatgttgggatggatgcattggatattgaaaaatgggagtttgccagtgacaggtctgatacatgttctcatacctaattcctatttatggatatggagactcaattttacttctctttcccattcgcagacctggcaaatccattgggataagctcaattttgctaggattggttctgattggaagagctgcttttgtattcccgctgtcgttcttgtcgaacctaacaaagaaggcaccgaatgaaaaaataacctggagacagcaagtgagtatctggtgtatgatcagacaattttcatttgaattcgacttgccatctgctaactgaatttctctcgataggttgtaatatggtgggctgggctgatgagaggagctgtgtcgattgctcttgcttacaataaggtcagtccgtcagtgcaagactattgcttcacaccatctgtatatctgtatttctcttctcatcttgccattaattagtcccaggagaagtatgtcttagtttcttctccttaagcttaactgtctcgttgcaattgcagtttacaagatctggccatactcagctgcacggcaatgcaataatgatcaccagcaccatcactgtcgttctttttagcactatggtgagtcatcttactgcaacctatgcctaacgcaaagcgtcctcttttcatccaagtttgtgccacatgtctgaattctcaccctaaacaggacctcagcattaagctaacctaataataagttcctcaaagtcgattgtcaaatcaaaattgtcagctgtgacaaaagtaatctggaagcttgtaatgttgaacatgctctaatccaaccaaaaccaactactgaccggagaatgaaatcatgtctttttgtccctactatcttgtcctcttcttatcccttctgaagagattgccgtaccgtccagtcattgactcatcgtccatattctcacatgacatggatcaaggatggcacaattatttgaaattaattgtcgtttgttactactagcttttcgttttagttttctggatgtttctttaggaagacatacatgtgtcatcatgtcgaattgcgcatccaatcacttgattgtttacgagctaaatccttgttcagaatccctggaagctcaaatgtgcaaaacatctatttttgtgaaacatactgacatttataaatgtttattaggtatttgggatgatgacaaagccattgatcaggctgctgctaccggcctcaggccatcctgtcacctctgagccttcatcaccaaagtccctgcattctcctctcctgacaagcatgcaaggttctgacctcgagagtacaaccaacattgtgaggccttccagcctccggatgctcctcaccaagccgacccacactgtccactactactggcgcaagttcgacgacgcgctgatgcgaccgatgtttggcgggcgcgggttcgtgcccttctcccctggatcaccaaccgagcagagccatggaggaagatgaacagtgcaaagaaatgagaatggaatggttgatgaggagaatacatgtaaaatgtgacagcaaaagagagaaggcaagttttgggtttgtagagtttggctgctgctaatgagttgttgatagtgcctatattcttcagaacttcagatggtgcctcaccaaggcctaagagccaggaggaccttctgataatggttcgggatgattggtttgttctgtcaggatgaaccctagtgagtgacacagggtgatgtgctccgacaacctgtaaattttgtagattaacagccccatttgtacctgtctaccatctttagttggcgggtgttctttcctagttgccaccctgcatgtaaaatgaaattctccgccaaaatagatttgtgtgtataataattttgcttggttgatataatggtatggcatggtttgc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001067106.1 RefSeq:Os07g0666900]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 7]]
[[Category:Chromosome 7]]

Os09g0417600

2015-03-24T07:38:41Z

Zhangye:

The transcription factor '''''OsWRKY76''''', is a member of rice group IIa WRKY<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*OsWRKY76 '''encodes a group IIa WRKY transcription factor''' of rice. OsWRKY76 plays '''dual and opposing roles''' in '''blast disease resistance''' and '''cold tolerance'''. OsWRKY76 '''binds specifically to the W-box element'''. OsWRKY76 acts as a transcriptional repressor via binding to the W-box<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0003700 GO:0003700],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005634 GO:0005634], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043565 GO:0043565], GO:0045449

===Mutation===
Transgenic plants<ref name="ref1"/>:
*Transgenic plants showed '''more severe symptoms''', which often blasted the whole plant, compared with non-transformed control (NT) plants both in the '''excised leaves''' and in the intact plants.
*Observations of cross-sections of the inoculated leaf blades revealed that in NT plants, the '''spread of mycelia''' was generally '''limited to the spaces''' between motor cells and vascular tissues at 4 dai.
*In W76-OX plants, however, the mycelia vigorously spread into parenchymatous tissues in addition to motor cells and vascular tissues, '''causing a collapse of the parenchyma''', and hyphae already spread over the leaf surface at 4 dai
*These results indicate that the constitutive overexpression of OsWRKY76 '''suppresses basal resistance to ''M. oryzae''''' to a large extent.

===Expression===
*The expression of OsWRKY76 was induced within 48 h after inoculation with rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae), and by '''wounding''', '''low temperature''', '''benzothiadiazole''', and '''abscisic acid'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*OsWRKY76 showed '''sequence-specific DNA binding''' to the W-box element in vitro and exhibited W-box-mediated transcriptional repressor activity in cultured rice cells. Overexpression of OsWRKY76 in rice plants resulted in '''drastically increased susceptibility to M. oryzae''', but '''improved tolerance to cold stress'''. Microarray analysis revealed that overexpression of OsWRKY76 '''suppresses the induction''' of a specific set of PR genes and of genes involved in phytoalexin synthesis '''after inoculation with blast fungus''', consistent with the observation that the levels of phytoalexins in the transgenic rice plants remained significantly lower than those in non-transformed control plants<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Overexpression of OsWRKY76 led to the '''increased expression of abiotic stress-associated genes''' such as '''peroxidase''' and '''lipid metabolism genes'''. Overexpression of OsWRKY76 '''increases susceptibility to the blast fungus''' in rice and confers cold tolerance to rice via protection of membranes from damage<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
Green fluorescent protein-fused OsWRKY76 '''localized to the nuclei''' in rice epidermal cells, which means OsWRKY76 protein is '''targeted to the nucleus'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File:OsWRKYs Phylogenetic1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|'''Figure 1.''' Phylogenetic tree of M.grisea-inducible OsWRKYs constructed using the neighbor-joining method.(from reference <ref name="ref2"/>).'']]
*The sequence analysis for 15 ''M. grisea''-inducible ''OsWRKYs'' indicated that 5, ''OsWRKY30'', ''OsWRKY70'', ''OsWRKY82'', ''OsWRKY84'', and ''OsWRKY85'', belong to '''WRKY group I''' which contains two WRKY domains(Fig. 2)<ref name="ref2"/>。 Among the '''WRKY group IIc family''', four ''M. grisea''-inducible WRKYs were identified, ''OsWRKY7'', ''OsWRKY10'', ''OsWRKY11'', and ''OsWRKY67''(Fig. 1). The remaining ''M. grisea''-inducible WRKYs were included in four different groups: ''''''IIa'''''' (''OsWRKY62'' and ''OsWRKY76''), '''IIb''' (''OsWRKY32''), '''IId''' (''OsWRKY83''), and '''III''' (''OsWRKY45'' and ''OsWRKY64'') (Fig. 1)<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
[[File: WRKY-smRNA interactome1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|'''Figure 2.''' ''Modeling the WRKY-smRNA interactome during reprogramming of defense responses.(from reference <ref name="ref4"/>).'']]

*The WRKY TF superfamily consists of 74 and 109 members in ''Arabidopsis'' (''Arabidopsis thaliana'') and rice (''Oryza sativa''), respectively<ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref6"/>.

*The current data point toward the existence of a WRKY-smRNA interactome, where on the one hand, pathogen attack triggers the expression of WRKY genes that regulate cellular smRNA populations, and on the other hand, several differentially regulated smRNAs modulateWRKY TF levels by targeting their transcripts (Fig. 2)<ref name="ref4"/>.

*During pathogen attack, smRNA-generating loci may be under the control of WRKY TFs; at the same time, WRKY abundance may be regulated by smRNAs. RdR, RNA-directed RNA polymerase(Fig. 2)<ref name="ref4"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Disease Resistant Crops Research Unit, GMO Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai,
Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
*Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
*Department of Biosciences, Teikyo University, 1-1 Toyosatodai, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-8551, Japan
*Sakata Seed Corporation, Kimitsu Research Station, 358 Uchikoshi, Sodegaura, Chiba 299-0217, Japan

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Yokotani N, Sato Y, Tanabe S, et al. WRKY76 is a rice transcriptional repressor playing opposite roles in blast disease resistance and cold stress tolerance[J]. Journal of experimental botany, 2013, 64(16): 5085-5097.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Ryu H S, Han M, Lee S K, et al. A comprehensive expression analysis of the WRKY gene superfamily in rice plants during defense response[J]. Plant cell reports, 2006, 25(8): 836-847.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Peng Y, Bartley L E, Canlas P, et al. OsWRKY IIa transcription factors modulate rice innate immunity[J]. Rice, 2010, 3(1): 36-42.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Pandey S P, Somssich I E. The role of WRKY transcription factors in plant immunity[J]. Plant physiology, 2009, 150(4): 1648-1655.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Eulgem T, Somssich I E. Networks of WRKY transcription factors in defense signaling[J]. Current opinion in plant biology, 2007, 10(4): 366-371.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref6">
Ross C A, Liu Y, Shen Q J. The WRKY gene family in rice (Oryza sativa)[J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2007, 49(6): 827-842.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os09g0417600|
Description = WRKY transcription factor 76|
Version = NM_001069719.1 GI:115479180 GeneID:4347069|
Length = 1460 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os09g0417600, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 9|Chromosome 9]]|
AP = Chromosome 9:15629908..15631367|
CDS = 15630160..15630978,15631098..15631262|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008402:15629908..15631367
source=RiceChromosome09
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008402:15629908..15631367
source=RiceChromosome09
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggacgcggcgtggcgcggcggcgttggctgctcgccggtctgcctcgacctctgcgtcgggctgtcgccggtgcgggagccgtcggcggcgaggcacgagctgcttgaccggccggccggctgccgcggcggtggggattccaagtcgatgaccaatgacgaggcgaagatcgtcgaggcgaaggtcactcagatgagcgaggagaatcggcggctgaccgaggtgatcgcccgcctgtacggcggccaaatcccgcggctcggcctcgacggctcggcctcgccgccgcggccggtgtcgccgttatcgggcaagaagaggagcagggagagcatggagacggcgaattcctgcgacgccaacagcaacaggcatcagggcggcgacgccgaccacgccgagagcttcgccgccgacgatggcacctgccggaggatcaaggtcagccgggtgtgcaggcggatcgacccgtcggacacctccctggtggtcaaggacgggtaccaatggcggaagtacgggcagaaggtgacgcgcgacaacccgtcgccgagggcctacttccggtgcgccttcgcgccatcgtgcccggtgaagaagaaggtgcagcggagcgcggaggacagctcgctgctggtggcgacgtacgagggcgagcacaaccacccgcacccgtctccgcgcgccggcgagctcccggcggcggcggggggggccggtggctcgctgccgtgctccatctccatcaactcctccggcccgaccatcacgctcgacctcaccaagaacgggggagccgtgcaggtggtcgaggcggcgcatccgccgccgccgccggacctcaaggaggtgtgccgggaggtcgcgtcgccggagttccggaccgcgctggtggagcagatggccagcgcgctcaccagcgaccccaagttcaccggcgcgctcgccgcggcgatcctccagaagctgcccgaattctag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MDAAWRGGVGCSPVCLDLCVGLSPVREPSAARHELLDRPAGCRG GGDSKSMTNDEAKIVEAKVTQMSEENRRLTEVIARLYGGQIPRLGLDGSASPPRPVSP LSGKKRSRESMETANSCDANSNRHQGGDADHAESFAADDGTCRRIKVSRVCRRIDPSD TSLVVKDGYQWRKYGQKVTRDNPSPRAYFRCAFAPSCPVKKKVQRSAEDSSLLVATYE GEHNHPHPSPRAGELPAAAGGAGGSLPCSISINSSGPTITLDLTKNGGAVQVVEAAHP PPPPDLKEVCREVASPEFRTALVEQMASALTSDPKFTGALAAAILQKLPEF</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>390..1208#106..270#aagtgtttgtacttggctttgctggcctgtttctgttttgattactcgagctccagagcacagcagcagagagacgcgagctgttcgtggtcgtcgtcgtcgtcgatggacgcggcgtggcgcggcggcgttggctgctcgccggtctgcctcgacctctgcgtcgggctgtcgccggtgcgggagccgtcggcggcgaggcacgagctgcttgaccggccggccggctgccgcggcggtggggattccaagtcgatgaccaatgacgaggtgaggtgttcttgattgattgattgattgattgattgattgattgatcggttgattgctcccgcggattcggttcttgcttggttttgatcgttggaaatgtggggggattccttcaggcgaagatcgtcgaggcgaaggtcactcagatgagcgaggagaatcggcggctgaccgaggtgatcgcccgcctgtacggcggccaaatcccgcggctcggcctcgacggctcggcctcgccgccgcggccggtgtcgccgttatcgggcaagaagaggagcagggagagcatggagacggcgaattcctgcgacgccaacagcaacaggcatcagggcggcgacgccgaccacgccgagagcttcgccgccgacgatggcacctgccggaggatcaaggtcagccgggtgtgcaggcggatcgacccgtcggacacctccctggtggtcaaggacgggtaccaatggcggaagtacgggcagaaggtgacgcgcgacaacccgtcgccgagggcctacttccggtgcgccttcgcgccatcgtgcccggtgaagaagaaggtgcagcggagcgcggaggacagctcgctgctggtggcgacgtacgagggcgagcacaaccacccgcacccgtctccgcgcgccggcgagctcccggcggcggcggggggggccggtggctcgctgccgtgctccatctccatcaactcctccggcccgaccatcacgctcgacctcaccaagaacgggggagccgtgcaggtggtcgaggcggcgcatccgccgccgccgccggacctcaaggaggtgtgccgggaggtcgcgtcgccggagttccggaccgcgctggtggagcagatggccagcgcgctcaccagcgaccccaagttcaccggcgcgctcgccgcggcgatcctccagaagctgcccgaattctagcttcctttacaattctccaattcttcttacaggaaaaaacatagaggcgcatttcaatagagattagagcttaatctccccccaaatttgaaaattttatacagggtaagaattccgaatgcttttctgctgcttttaggatgtgaattgtactctctcataataacctgttggtccttgggccgtcggaagaagattgcgggcttctatcgggcctcacgatcctgagcccaattgcgaggctccttgagc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001069719.1 RefSeq:Os09g0417600]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 9]]
[[Category:Chromosome 9]]

Os08g0139000

2015-03-24T02:38:49Z

Zhangye:

'''''OsDEG10''''' is a '''small RBP''' involved in the '''response to various abiotic stresses'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
A rice small RBP, OsDEG10, might play important roles in the response to various abiotic stresses such as '''high light''', '''anoxia''', '''high salt''', '''cold''' and '''ROS stresses'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000166 GO:0000166],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0003676 GO:0003676]

===Mutation===
OsDEG10 RNAi transgenic plants<ref name="ref1"/>:
*OsDEG10 RNAi plants showed '''more remarkable decline''' of '''Fv/Fm ratio''' than wild-type plants after '''high light treatment'''.

*OsDEG10 RNAi plants '''had lower xanthophyll pigment contents''' than wild-type plants, which suggest that OsDEG10 RNAi plants are '''more sensitive to high light''' than wild-type plants '''probably due to lower xanthophyll pigment pool size'''.
*OsDEG10 RNAi transgenic plants showed '''more decline of Fv/Fm ratio''' than wild type plants '''after cold treatment''', which suggest that OsDEG10 RNAi transgenic plants are '''more sensitive to cold stress''' and that OsDEG10 might play an important role in the '''response to cold stress''' as well as '''photooxidative stress'''.
*Under optimal growing conditions, no phenotypic variations between the OsDEG10 RNAi plants and wild-type plants were observed.
*Overall, OsDEG10 RNAi transgenic plants were '''more sensitive''' to '''high light and cold stresses''' compared to wildtype plants.

===Expression===
Interestingly, the expression of OsDEG10, a small RBP group gene, '''increased under various abiotic stress conditions''' such as '''photooxidation''', '''anoxia''', '''osmotic''', '''ROS''' and '''cold stresses''', and OsDEG10 RNAi transgenic plants were sensitive to high light and cold stresses, which suggest that OsDEG10 is involved in the response to various abiotic stresses in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
'''Protein motif''' and '''BlastP analysis''' results of OsDEG10 indicate that OsDEG10 '''belongs to small RBP group''', which is reported to include '''15 small RBPs''' in ''Arabidopsis''<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/>. Rice OsDEG10 '''homologs''': Os07g36490 and Os03g17060, showing '''high similarity''' with OsDEG10 from database<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*Excessive light can be harmful to photosynthetic apparatus since it causes photoinhibition and photooxidation, and plants often encounter hypoxic or anoxic environments when they become submerged by heavy rain or an ensuing flood<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The ''Arabidopsis'' genome encodes 196 RRM-containing proteins, a more complex set than found in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. In addition, the Arabidopsis genome contains 26 KH domain proteins. Most of the ''Arabidopsis'' RRM-containing proteins can be classified into structural and/or functional groups, based on similarity with either known metazoan or ''Arabidopsis'' proteins<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Approximately 50% of ''Arabidopsis'' RRM-containing proteins do not have obvious homologues in metazoa, and for most of those that are predicted to be orthologues of metazoan proteins, no experimental data exist to confirm this. Additionally, the function of most ''Arabidopsis'' RRM proteins and of all KH proteins is unknown<ref name="ref2"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
*National Research Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Park H Y, Kang I S, Han J S, et al. OsDEG10 encoding a small RNA-binding protein is involved in abiotic stress signaling[J]. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2009, 380(3): 597-602.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Lorković Z J, Barta A. Genome analysis: RNA recognition motif (RRM) and K homology (KH) domain RNA-binding proteins from the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Nucleic acids research, 2002, 30(3): 623-635.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os08g0139000|
Description = Similar to RNA-binding glycine rich protein (RGP-2)|
Version = NM_001067499.1 GI:115474734 GeneID:4344631|
Length = 3319 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0139000, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|
AP = Chromosome 8:2172732..2176050|
CDS = 2172986..2173111,2174690..2174796,2174883..2174951,2175889..2176012|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008401:2172732..2176050
source=RiceChromosome08
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008401:2172732..2176050
source=RiceChromosome08
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggcggcggctacggcgaggtccggattccggcgcatgttctccatctcggccttctccccgcccaagccgcccaccccgcccccgaaggccgacccctcccccaacctcttcatctcaggcttaagcaagcgtacaacaacagatgggcttaaagaagcttttgcaaagtttggggaagtcatacatgctcgagttgtcacagatcgtgtcactggattctctaaggggtttggcttcgtaaggtatgctacagttgaggatgcagctaaaggaatagaaggaatggatggaaagtttctcgatggatgggttatttttgctgaatatgctagacccagaacaccaccgcagcaaccagaaatgaactcacagccacaacaatcatggggccctccatccagttcctggggtgcacagtag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAATARSGFRRMFSISAFSPPKPPTPPPKADPSPNLFISGLS KRTTTDGLKEAFAKFGEVIHARVVTDRVTGFSKGFGFVRYATVEDAAKGIEGMDGKFL DGWVIFAEYARPRTPPQQPEMNSQPQQSWGPPSSSWGAQ</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2940..3065#1255..1361#1100..1168#39..162#ctagcttctcacctcaccttcgaaatccggcggcggcgatggcggcggcggctacggcgaggtccggattccggcgcatgttctccatctcggccttctccccgcccaagccgcccaccccgcccccgaaggccgacccctcccccaacctcttcatctcaggtacgcctcactttctctctctctctccctcttcttgggcggcggccgtagaagtgctcccgttgcgttgccgtacccgattcggtcgtgtggatgatctaggatggcttaatttagaggatctcatggtggttgcacttttgggcggtcaaaagcaacattagagtatactagtatgtatatatatgttgttagtactaattcaatgtctgatggatttgggctgcttgattcgtatgagcaaaatcaggggagataagatcatatggtagtaagacatatagtggatactgatatgttgtgaagttagtataatcttttgatgtttctagatgtaactttatactgactgctcctctatatattagtttgttacttagtggaggatataggatataggacggatctaggacgccggtggaatgactgatgaaccagctgtacatcagcctaggttgaaagagacctattgctggatttgctggttcagattatgatagcaaacgtcgtacccctccaccttctgttcatggaacttgattcaattagttttacgaacaattgagtccatgcccaataagctcaggtcttcggcgttttccacacttgctgcttgcttgattctacatgctcgacacaaggaaattcactgcgggaactgaggaaatggacaatcacttaataaacattatttaaattttgtctacttatggtgctctgacctaaattccttatctgtagtgacaaaatgtgtgcaagctttctgagcttgtactccatattattatcggacctacttaaagctagcaccagttccctgttttaccgtcttacaatttaaagttcaataatgttgttccattttggatgcttccttgcatgttgagccttgttgcacacaatctctggactcccatcttagcatccttgtttgcaggcttaagcaagcgtacaacaacagatgggcttaaagaagcttttgcaaagtttggggaagtcatacatggtatgtttgcttaaaatgcagccattcctttcatcctttgtatttcaagacactgagttctatttcaatctgatttcaaattgcagctcgagttgtcacagatcgtgtcactggattctctaaggggtttggcttcgtaaggtatgctacagttgaggatgcagctaaaggaatagaaggaatggatggaaaggtatgtttcatactttcatatcatttttgttgttaggatttgttgttttttcctcaattctcttgtgttgaactctcactgtttatataatgatcagttcccatgatgcaataagcagaatatatgaccttacctctctacttgttatgcctcattttaaaaattttaatacaagaactgcctaatttcactggctgccactggaaaggcggaaacagtaagaaagctagttttgtattggagcataggcagttaatatatacacagaattgatttgattatgtggaattcagagaaagcaggacaagttggagaggtaggtagagcccagggagcctgcttaggcaccctttgtcaacagactatttcaaactaaatatgttgtagaattattcaggtatctcattttgacagtaccgaagtatagatatttgcatcctagttgaccagaaactgtgagcgtatgttcgttgtgcaatactatagtagtactatttaataacttggacatgctatggggtggacatcataggcatcacatttttctggacattttatcctgagattgaaattgagagcatcgtggtcactcaggtttactctttgtgttttgcacaagcagacagggcatgtgttaccacttttcaagttcatgtgtaagttttttttattatgatattggtagcacaatttgctaactacctaaggtctcaccacaattcaactctgatatattttgcacacattctttcttgttgtgctcatctctgaagaacaaaaatgcaaaaaaaaatgttcattattttaaaaataattatgtgtgaataatccagaattactatgtgcaagattcttaagaacacagatatcagcctcatgcactcatttcatatagcttgtattgtgctagatgctggatatcttgataaatttctgtggtaatttttaaggtatacgctaaccttttaatgctcaagtataatagttacattgttttcttacatgttatcgctgtgacttgtgacttgtgttgcttcgttgcaactggcaaatcatgaaccgtactcagacatgcttggactgatttcttcaacaaaaatcgtgaactggtggttctgcactgtctttagaatcttaatacaaatttgcattctggtatcttgtttttatttttgctttatatttagatactaaaatattttactctgtatgtttcctcattagcaatgatactccatatttttcttaattcattcttgaattcttgtggcaccaaagcaatacttcacacataatgtaagaaaattacgtatgtgatacactaactattgcccacatgaccctcatgctataatttatgctttcttgaatggctgagctctcaattatttatttattttttcagtctactaatttctaccatagtgaaaataaaatgaagcgtttatttggtgtggttagatactctgaaagcaactggtgaaaatatcattgaccattttgggcttctttttagagccttgctgcagtatatcataatgcacaggttttttctgatatatctctgcttctatgcagtttctcgatggatgggttatttttgctgaatatgctagacccagaacaccaccgcagcaaccagaaatgaactcacagccacaacaatcatggggccctccatccagttcctggggtgcacagtagatgaagatacaatcttggggccctctatctggccgtggggctcacagcggatcgacaagttattgattctatatttagtttatcgctataccatattgttccaggtgtgaacagagtttccgatccaatattcttatcgtgttggagtggtcgtttgcttgcatcccatggtttccgcatggagaagcacttgtcaaactgaatatggaccaaacaatattactatcaacgcgcaacaggacacgaacagcttc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001067499.1 RefSeq:Os08g0139000]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]
[[Category:Chromosome 8]]

File:OsFAD8 phylogenic1.jpg

2015-03-24T02:00:45Z

Zhangye:

Os07g0693800

2015-03-24T02:00:00Z

Zhangye:

'''''OsFAD8''''' is a '''putative rice chloroplast x-3 desaturase gene''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
OsFAD8, '''encoding a chloroplast x-3 fatty acid desaturase''' responsible for '''trienoic fatty acid formation'''<ref name="ref1"/>. Characterization of OsFAD8 suggests that it has a functional role in '''maintaining levels of trienoic fatty acids''' and '''stress tolerance at low temperatures'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006633 GO:0006633],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006636 GO:0006636], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016020 GO:0016020], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016491 GO:0016491]

===Mutation===
*Two transgenic lines (8S-52 and 8S-101) harboring the Osfad8 ORF in sense orientation under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter contained '''increased levels of hexadecatrienoic''' (16:3) and '''linolenic''' (18:3) '''fatty acids'''. When exposed to 2 C for 7 days, the damage observed to the control plants was '''significantly alleviated''' in the 8S-52 and 8S- 101 lines. The '''amounts of trienoic fatty acids''' in an Osfad8 antisense line (8A-35) '''declined''' 40.2% compared to the control plants. The 8A-35 plants survived after growth at 44 C for 3 days while the control plants died<ref name="ref1"/>.
*OsFAD8 knockout mutants<ref name="ref2"/>:
**Fatty acid analysis of homozygous OsFAD8 T-DNA knockout mutant and wild type plants have exhibited changes in fatty acid composition after cold stress, thus confirming that OsFAD8 gene codes for omega-3 fatty acid desaturase activity at low temperature.
**Photosynthetic efficiency and recovery of OsFAD8 knockout mutants are significantly reduced after cold stress as compared to those of wild type plants.

===Expression===
*'''Southern blot hybridization''' indicated that '''a small gene family''' composed of '''two copies or closely linked genes exists'''. RNA in situ hybridization showed that the '''accumulation of Osfad8 mRNA''' was '''abundant''' in '''leaves''' but hardly detectable in roots. The Osfad8 transcript level in leaves was '''much higher''' at 15°C than at normal temperature (25°C). In situ hybridization also showed particularly prominent expression of Osfad8 in the palisade layer and spongy parenchyma cells of leaves when exposed to 15°C conditions for 5 days and 10 days<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The Osfad8 gene was '''expressed highly''' in '''thylakoid rich photosynthetically active cell types''', most notably in the '''palisade layers''' and '''spongy parenchyma cells''', and was induced by moderate low temperature<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Transcript levels of OsFAD7 increased at high temperature; while those of OsFAD8 '''increased at low temperatures'''<ref name="ref2"/>. It was found that in the control treatments at 28 C, OsFAD7 expression was high, while OsFAD8 was '''less'''. However, the transcript level of OsFAD7 decreased with a decrease in temperature and that of OsFAD8 '''increased''' as a result of low temperature treatment, which showed that the OsFAD8 is a '''low-temperature inducible gene'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
OsFAD7 and OsFAD8 '''localized in chloroplasts'''<ref name="ref3"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: OsFAD8 phylogenic1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 1.''' ''A molecular phylogenetic tree of deduced amino acid sequences of Osfad8 from rice and the x-3 fatty acid desaturase from several other plant species.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
*Phylogenetic analysis using the deduced amino acid sequence of several plant x-3 desaturases is shown (Fig. 1). The '''x-3 fatty acid desaturase family''' includes representatives from a diverse group of plants, including both monocots and dicots. These representatives have been '''divided into three groups''', which are '''related to''' their '''sequence''' and '''possibly function'''. ''OsFAD8'' '''belongs to Group 2'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*OsFAD8 is '''most closely related to TaFAD7''' from wheat and '''shares approximately 81% identity'''. BLAST analysis showed that the deduced amino acid sequence of OsFAD8 has '''more than 80% similarity''' with those of FAD7 and FAD8. Rice x-3 desaturase gene is of high likelihood the homologous rice fad8 gene<ref name="ref1"/>. ''OsFAD7'' having '''78% similarity''' with ''OsFAD8'', in the rice genome<ref name="ref2"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
*Institute of Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Research Center of Gene Diversity and Designed Agriculture, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
*Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 3.614 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Wang J, Ming F, Pittman J, et al. Characterization of a rice (Oryza sativa L.) gene encoding a temperature-dependent chloroplast ω-3 fatty acid desaturase[J]. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2006, 340(4): 1209-1216.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Nair P M G, Kang I S, Moon B Y, et al. Effects of low temperature stress on rice (Oryza sativa L.) plastid ω-3 desaturase gene, OsFAD8 and its functional analysis using T-DNA mutants[J]. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2009, 98(1): 87-96.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Yin Z J, Liu H L, Dong X, et al. Increasing α-linolenic acid content in rice bran by embryo-specific expression of ω3/Δ15-desaturase gene[J]. Molecular breeding, 2014, 33(4): 987-996.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os07g0693800|
Description = Similar to Fatty acid desaturase (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001067268.1 GI:115474268 GeneID:4344389|
Length = 2836 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os07g0693800, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 7|Chromosome 7]]|
AP = Chromosome 7:30191443..30194278|
CDS = 30191485..30191906,30191994..30192150,30192255..30192347,30192490..30192675,30192844..30192924 ,30193525..30193662,30193781..30193945|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008400:30191443..30194278
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008400:30191443..30194278
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcccggctgctactctccggcgtcgcgccgctccccctcctcccctgccgccgtcgcgccattgcatttgcgctcccacttgggaatgtccgcctccgcctccgtgtggccgcacccaccagccgcgtggccaccgtggaggaggacgacaatgaaaataatgctcctcctcctccttgtgaggacttcgacccgggcgcggcgcccccgtttggtctggccgacatccgcgccgctatccccaagcactgttgggtgaaggacccctggcgatccatggggtacgtgctgcgcgacgtggtggtggtgttcgccctcgctgccgccgccgcgcgcctccacagctgcctcgcctggccgctctactgggcggcgcagggaaccatgttctgggcgctcttcgtcctcggccacgactgcgggcacgggagcttctccaacaactcgaggctcaacagcgtgatgggccacatactccactcctccatcctcgtaccctaccatggctggaggattagccacaggacgcatcatcagaaccatggccatgtcgacaaggatgagtcctggcatcccctccccgagcggctgtacaggagccttaacagagccacccggatgctccgcttctccatacccttccccatgctcgcctacccattctacctgtggtctcggagcccaggaaagtctggttcgcatttccatcccagcagcgacctgttccagcccaacgaaaggaacgatgtgctgacatccacagcgtgctgggtggccatggctgccctcctcgcaggcctcaccttcctcatgggacccctcctcatgctcaacctctactttgtcccttactggatttttgttatgtggctggacttcgtcacctacttgcaccatcacggccacaacgacaagctgccctggtaccgtggcaaggaatggagctatttgcggggaggactgacgacagtggacagggactatgggtggatcaacaacatccaccacgacatcgggacacatgtcattcaccatcttttcccccaaatcccgcattaccatctaattgaggcgacggaagcagcaaagggtgtgatggggaaatactacagggagccggacaagtctgggccttttcccttacacctgtttggagcgctgtcccggagcttgaaacgcgaccactatgtcagcgacaccggagatgtggtctactaccagaccgaccctgctaactaa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MARLLLSGVAPLPLLPCRRRAIAFALPLGNVRLRLRVAAPTSRV ATVEEDDNENNAPPPPCEDFDPGAAPPFGLADIRAAIPKHCWVKDPWRSMGYVLRDVV VVFALAAAAARLHSCLAWPLYWAAQGTMFWALFVLGHDCGHGSFSNNSRLNSVMGHIL HSSILVPYHGWRISHRTHHQNHGHVDKDESWHPLPERLYRSLNRATRMLRFSIPFPML AYPFYLWSRSPGKSGSHFHPSSDLFQPNERNDVLTSTACWVAMAALLAGLTFLMGPLL MLNLYFVPYWIFVMWLDFVTYLHHHGHNDKLPWYRGKEWSYLRGGLTTVDRDYGWINN IHHDIGTHVIHHLFPQIPHYHLIEATEAAKGVMGKYYREPDKSGPFPLHLFGALSRSL KRDHYVSDTGDVVYYQTDPAN</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>43..464#552..708#813..905#1048..1233#1402..1482#2083..2220#2339..2503#agcttaccaataccaattggagtagaaccaaccaaggaaagaatggcccggctgctactctccggcgtcgcgccgctccccctcctcccctgccgccgtcgcgccattgcatttgcgctcccacttgggaatgtccgcctccgcctccgtgtggccgcacccaccagccgcgtggccaccgtggaggaggacgacaatgaaaataatgctcctcctcctccttgtgaggacttcgacccgggcgcggcgcccccgtttggtctggccgacatccgcgccgctatccccaagcactgttgggtgaaggacccctggcgatccatggggtacgtgctgcgcgacgtggtggtggtgttcgccctcgctgccgccgccgcgcgcctccacagctgcctcgcctggccgctctactgggcggcgcagggaaccatgttctgggcgctcttcgtcctcggccacgactggtacgacggtattcatttccattttgattcctactccactctactacactagtagtaattaattcgttcatggaattggaattgcagcgggcacgggagcttctccaacaactcgaggctcaacagcgtgatgggccacatactccactcctccatcctcgtaccctaccatggctggaggattagccacaggacgcatcatcagaaccatggccatgtcgacaaggatgagtcctggcatcccgtacgcattccttccttccttctcgatttcactacttaattgcaactactccagttgggtttccccattgcaaatgaatctgatcaatccaatccaaaatgcagctccccgagcggctgtacaggagccttaacagagccacccggatgctccgcttctccatacccttccccatgctcgcctacccattctacctggttaattaattgctactctagtactctactaatattactagcataacaatgtactctacgttcattattccattatatatatttatatgtgatgtgatgattaagacgatgatgaatggatggatatattgcatgcatgcagtggtctcggagcccaggaaagtctggttcgcatttccatcccagcagcgacctgttccagcccaacgaaaggaacgatgtgctgacatccacagcgtgctgggtggccatggctgccctcctcgcaggcctcaccttcctcatgggacccctcctcatgctcaacctctactttgtcccttactgggtacgtagttaccccctacatacatacgttggttcattgatgtgatctgtggattgggttcctctatcctctgcctgccctcgatctcctcttttgtggatgtggggaacaaaacctaccttgctttcttttctcatcagtttgtatttcaattctacttctctgcagatttttgttatgtggctggacttcgtcacctacttgcaccatcacggccacaacgacaagctgccctggtaccgtggcaaggtccgtttaactaattactaacattttttactatcaattactattagacgacatgcatatatacatcatttcttctctctaattaaactcgctcacactatatgcatgcttaatatattcagaaatcaagcaatatatatgtatgcatggctcacacactgaatgaataagctaggttgcaacttttatttatgccgttggatctagtaatcgattgattgcagtacgtagaaaaaaaaagattaggcataactaccttgtcaaaaatagtcaatttaggaagggactttgacctgagcctgtgattaaacgagtcatagaaactagatgataatgcaaagatgcgatcttctgtccacaaaaaatcacaatacgttgtggtccatgatgcaaatgcaagttggatcacaacttttgtatacatgcatctttttcctagagagctgcatcgttttcagaattcatactgtgaggcagtgaatttttttcttttttttttctttagaaaatgttcgtaggcagagaattactcaaggaaatccaaataataataatctcacttttgcacttttgtactgaatagattgatgatatgtacaggaatggagctatttgcggggaggactgacgacagtggacagggactatgggtggatcaacaacatccaccacgacatcgggacacatgtcattcaccatcttttcccccaaatcccgcattaccatctaattgaggcggtaagctctagtctctgcagtgcatgcggagtactagtaattaaattatgctatgtgatgtttatcagtacgtagtgctgagtaattactaagaagcatgggtgatgaaaatgtgcagacggaagcagcaaagggtgtgatggggaaatactacagggagccggacaagtctgggccttttcccttacacctgtttggagcgctgtcccggagcttgaaacgcgaccactatgtcagcgacaccggagatgtggtctactaccagaccgaccctgctaactaaattaattttacatttccttcaattcttttaagcccggaggcttaaattagcttaattagatagctgcgactgacctggacatgtattcaacattcgatccacagacagatagaaagagacctatatatatcgccgatcaatcgatatatatgtgcgtgtccgtgtggagatatggaggtcacaattctttccatggatatataggagtatacatacatgtattgaaggatatgtagctagatttgatgtgcgtgcgtgctgtactttgtaagacgcagcataaagctagtgacaatttggacaaggccatattgatatatccattatatacac</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001067268.1 RefSeq:Os07g0693800]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 7]]
[[Category:Chromosome 7]]

Os07g0693800

2015-03-24T01:58:51Z

Zhangye:

'''''Osfad8''''' is a '''putative rice chloroplast x-3 desaturase gene''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Osfad8, '''encoding a chloroplast x-3 fatty acid desaturase''' responsible for '''trienoic fatty acid formation'''<ref name="ref1"/>. Characterization of OsFAD8 suggests that it has a functional role in '''maintaining levels of trienoic fatty acids''' and '''stress tolerance at low temperatures'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006633 GO:0006633],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006636 GO:0006636], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016020 GO:0016020], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016491 GO:0016491]

===Mutation===
*Two transgenic lines (8S-52 and 8S-101) harboring the Osfad8 ORF in sense orientation under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter contained '''increased levels of hexadecatrienoic''' (16:3) and '''linolenic''' (18:3) '''fatty acids'''. When exposed to 2 C for 7 days, the damage observed to the control plants was '''significantly alleviated''' in the 8S-52 and 8S- 101 lines. The '''amounts of trienoic fatty acids''' in an Osfad8 antisense line (8A-35) '''declined''' 40.2% compared to the control plants. The 8A-35 plants survived after growth at 44 C for 3 days while the control plants died<ref name="ref1"/>.
*OsFAD8 knockout mutants<ref name="ref2"/>:
**Fatty acid analysis of homozygous OsFAD8 T-DNA knockout mutant and wild type plants have exhibited changes in fatty acid composition after cold stress, thus confirming that OsFAD8 gene codes for omega-3 fatty acid desaturase activity at low temperature.
**Photosynthetic efficiency and recovery of OsFAD8 knockout mutants are significantly reduced after cold stress as compared to those of wild type plants.

===Expression===
*'''Southern blot hybridization''' indicated that '''a small gene family''' composed of '''two copies or closely linked genes exists'''. RNA in situ hybridization showed that the '''accumulation of Osfad8 mRNA''' was '''abundant''' in '''leaves''' but hardly detectable in roots. The Osfad8 transcript level in leaves was '''much higher''' at 15°C than at normal temperature (25°C). In situ hybridization also showed particularly prominent expression of Osfad8 in the palisade layer and spongy parenchyma cells of leaves when exposed to 15°C conditions for 5 days and 10 days<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The Osfad8 gene was '''expressed highly''' in '''thylakoid rich photosynthetically active cell types''', most notably in the '''palisade layers''' and '''spongy parenchyma cells''', and was induced by moderate low temperature<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Transcript levels of OsFAD7 increased at high temperature; while those of OsFAD8 '''increased at low temperatures'''<ref name="ref2"/>. It was found that in the control treatments at 28 C, OsFAD7 expression was high, while OsFAD8 was '''less'''. However, the transcript level of OsFAD7 decreased with a decrease in temperature and that of OsFAD8 '''increased''' as a result of low temperature treatment, which showed that the OsFAD8 is a '''low-temperature inducible gene'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
OsFAD7 and OsFAD8 '''localized in chloroplasts'''<ref name="ref3"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: OsFAD8 phylogenic1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 1.''' ''A molecular phylogenetic tree of deduced amino acid sequences of Osfad8 from rice and the x-3 fatty acid desaturase from several other plant species.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
*Phylogenetic analysis using the deduced amino acid sequence of several plant x-3 desaturases is shown (Fig. 1). The '''x-3 fatty acid desaturase family''' includes representatives from a diverse group of plants, including both monocots and dicots. These representatives have been '''divided into three groups''', which are '''related to''' their '''sequence''' and '''possibly function'''. ''OsFAD8'' '''belongs to Group 2'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*OsFAD8 is '''most closely related to TaFAD7''' from wheat and '''shares approximately 81% identity'''. BLAST analysis showed that the deduced amino acid sequence of OsFAD8 has '''more than 80% similarity''' with those of FAD7 and FAD8. Rice x-3 desaturase gene is of high likelihood the homologous rice fad8 gene<ref name="ref1"/>. ''OsFAD7'' having '''78% similarity''' with ''OsFAD8'', in the rice genome<ref name="ref2"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
*Institute of Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Research Center of Gene Diversity and Designed Agriculture, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
*Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 3.614 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Wang J, Ming F, Pittman J, et al. Characterization of a rice (Oryza sativa L.) gene encoding a temperature-dependent chloroplast ω-3 fatty acid desaturase[J]. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2006, 340(4): 1209-1216.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Nair P M G, Kang I S, Moon B Y, et al. Effects of low temperature stress on rice (Oryza sativa L.) plastid ω-3 desaturase gene, OsFAD8 and its functional analysis using T-DNA mutants[J]. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2009, 98(1): 87-96.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Yin Z J, Liu H L, Dong X, et al. Increasing α-linolenic acid content in rice bran by embryo-specific expression of ω3/Δ15-desaturase gene[J]. Molecular breeding, 2014, 33(4): 987-996.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os07g0693800|
Description = Similar to Fatty acid desaturase (Fragment)|
Version = NM_001067268.1 GI:115474268 GeneID:4344389|
Length = 2836 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os07g0693800, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 7|Chromosome 7]]|
AP = Chromosome 7:30191443..30194278|
CDS = 30191485..30191906,30191994..30192150,30192255..30192347,30192490..30192675,30192844..30192924 ,30193525..30193662,30193781..30193945|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008400:30191443..30194278
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008400:30191443..30194278
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcccggctgctactctccggcgtcgcgccgctccccctcctcccctgccgccgtcgcgccattgcatttgcgctcccacttgggaatgtccgcctccgcctccgtgtggccgcacccaccagccgcgtggccaccgtggaggaggacgacaatgaaaataatgctcctcctcctccttgtgaggacttcgacccgggcgcggcgcccccgtttggtctggccgacatccgcgccgctatccccaagcactgttgggtgaaggacccctggcgatccatggggtacgtgctgcgcgacgtggtggtggtgttcgccctcgctgccgccgccgcgcgcctccacagctgcctcgcctggccgctctactgggcggcgcagggaaccatgttctgggcgctcttcgtcctcggccacgactgcgggcacgggagcttctccaacaactcgaggctcaacagcgtgatgggccacatactccactcctccatcctcgtaccctaccatggctggaggattagccacaggacgcatcatcagaaccatggccatgtcgacaaggatgagtcctggcatcccctccccgagcggctgtacaggagccttaacagagccacccggatgctccgcttctccatacccttccccatgctcgcctacccattctacctgtggtctcggagcccaggaaagtctggttcgcatttccatcccagcagcgacctgttccagcccaacgaaaggaacgatgtgctgacatccacagcgtgctgggtggccatggctgccctcctcgcaggcctcaccttcctcatgggacccctcctcatgctcaacctctactttgtcccttactggatttttgttatgtggctggacttcgtcacctacttgcaccatcacggccacaacgacaagctgccctggtaccgtggcaaggaatggagctatttgcggggaggactgacgacagtggacagggactatgggtggatcaacaacatccaccacgacatcgggacacatgtcattcaccatcttttcccccaaatcccgcattaccatctaattgaggcgacggaagcagcaaagggtgtgatggggaaatactacagggagccggacaagtctgggccttttcccttacacctgtttggagcgctgtcccggagcttgaaacgcgaccactatgtcagcgacaccggagatgtggtctactaccagaccgaccctgctaactaa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MARLLLSGVAPLPLLPCRRRAIAFALPLGNVRLRLRVAAPTSRV ATVEEDDNENNAPPPPCEDFDPGAAPPFGLADIRAAIPKHCWVKDPWRSMGYVLRDVV VVFALAAAAARLHSCLAWPLYWAAQGTMFWALFVLGHDCGHGSFSNNSRLNSVMGHIL HSSILVPYHGWRISHRTHHQNHGHVDKDESWHPLPERLYRSLNRATRMLRFSIPFPML AYPFYLWSRSPGKSGSHFHPSSDLFQPNERNDVLTSTACWVAMAALLAGLTFLMGPLL MLNLYFVPYWIFVMWLDFVTYLHHHGHNDKLPWYRGKEWSYLRGGLTTVDRDYGWINN IHHDIGTHVIHHLFPQIPHYHLIEATEAAKGVMGKYYREPDKSGPFPLHLFGALSRSL KRDHYVSDTGDVVYYQTDPAN</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>43..464#552..708#813..905#1048..1233#1402..1482#2083..2220#2339..2503#agcttaccaataccaattggagtagaaccaaccaaggaaagaatggcccggctgctactctccggcgtcgcgccgctccccctcctcccctgccgccgtcgcgccattgcatttgcgctcccacttgggaatgtccgcctccgcctccgtgtggccgcacccaccagccgcgtggccaccgtggaggaggacgacaatgaaaataatgctcctcctcctccttgtgaggacttcgacccgggcgcggcgcccccgtttggtctggccgacatccgcgccgctatccccaagcactgttgggtgaaggacccctggcgatccatggggtacgtgctgcgcgacgtggtggtggtgttcgccctcgctgccgccgccgcgcgcctccacagctgcctcgcctggccgctctactgggcggcgcagggaaccatgttctgggcgctcttcgtcctcggccacgactggtacgacggtattcatttccattttgattcctactccactctactacactagtagtaattaattcgttcatggaattggaattgcagcgggcacgggagcttctccaacaactcgaggctcaacagcgtgatgggccacatactccactcctccatcctcgtaccctaccatggctggaggattagccacaggacgcatcatcagaaccatggccatgtcgacaaggatgagtcctggcatcccgtacgcattccttccttccttctcgatttcactacttaattgcaactactccagttgggtttccccattgcaaatgaatctgatcaatccaatccaaaatgcagctccccgagcggctgtacaggagccttaacagagccacccggatgctccgcttctccatacccttccccatgctcgcctacccattctacctggttaattaattgctactctagtactctactaatattactagcataacaatgtactctacgttcattattccattatatatatttatatgtgatgtgatgattaagacgatgatgaatggatggatatattgcatgcatgcagtggtctcggagcccaggaaagtctggttcgcatttccatcccagcagcgacctgttccagcccaacgaaaggaacgatgtgctgacatccacagcgtgctgggtggccatggctgccctcctcgcaggcctcaccttcctcatgggacccctcctcatgctcaacctctactttgtcccttactgggtacgtagttaccccctacatacatacgttggttcattgatgtgatctgtggattgggttcctctatcctctgcctgccctcgatctcctcttttgtggatgtggggaacaaaacctaccttgctttcttttctcatcagtttgtatttcaattctacttctctgcagatttttgttatgtggctggacttcgtcacctacttgcaccatcacggccacaacgacaagctgccctggtaccgtggcaaggtccgtttaactaattactaacattttttactatcaattactattagacgacatgcatatatacatcatttcttctctctaattaaactcgctcacactatatgcatgcttaatatattcagaaatcaagcaatatatatgtatgcatggctcacacactgaatgaataagctaggttgcaacttttatttatgccgttggatctagtaatcgattgattgcagtacgtagaaaaaaaaagattaggcataactaccttgtcaaaaatagtcaatttaggaagggactttgacctgagcctgtgattaaacgagtcatagaaactagatgataatgcaaagatgcgatcttctgtccacaaaaaatcacaatacgttgtggtccatgatgcaaatgcaagttggatcacaacttttgtatacatgcatctttttcctagagagctgcatcgttttcagaattcatactgtgaggcagtgaatttttttcttttttttttctttagaaaatgttcgtaggcagagaattactcaaggaaatccaaataataataatctcacttttgcacttttgtactgaatagattgatgatatgtacaggaatggagctatttgcggggaggactgacgacagtggacagggactatgggtggatcaacaacatccaccacgacatcgggacacatgtcattcaccatcttttcccccaaatcccgcattaccatctaattgaggcggtaagctctagtctctgcagtgcatgcggagtactagtaattaaattatgctatgtgatgtttatcagtacgtagtgctgagtaattactaagaagcatgggtgatgaaaatgtgcagacggaagcagcaaagggtgtgatggggaaatactacagggagccggacaagtctgggccttttcccttacacctgtttggagcgctgtcccggagcttgaaacgcgaccactatgtcagcgacaccggagatgtggtctactaccagaccgaccctgctaactaaattaattttacatttccttcaattcttttaagcccggaggcttaaattagcttaattagatagctgcgactgacctggacatgtattcaacattcgatccacagacagatagaaagagacctatatatatcgccgatcaatcgatatatatgtgcgtgtccgtgtggagatatggaggtcacaattctttccatggatatataggagtatacatacatgtattgaaggatatgtagctagatttgatgtgcgtgcgtgctgtactttgtaagacgcagcataaagctagtgacaatttggacaaggccatattgatatatccattatatacac</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001067268.1 RefSeq:Os07g0693800]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 7]]
[[Category:Chromosome 7]]

Os07g0628500

2015-03-23T13:17:11Z

Zhangye:

'''''OsbHLH1''''' is a '''unique-copy gene''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
OsbHLH1 had the '''ability to dimerize'''. OsbHLH1 may '''function as a transcription factor''' in a '''cold signal-transduction pathway'''. OsbHLH1 may not function in leaves but rather play roles in the cold responses of '''roots'''. OsbHLH1 protein had '''transcriptional activation activity'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030528 GO:0030528],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005634 GO:0005634], GO:0045449

===Mutation===
Four independent transgenic lines<ref name="ref2"/>:
*Two of them were further tested for their performance under low temperature. The results revealed that the transgenic plants had '''higher tolerance to low temperature''' when compared with the controls.

===Expression===
*The transcription of the OsbHLH1 gene was '''specifically induced''' in '''roots''' of rice '''seedlings''' by cold but not '''by NaCl''', '''PEG''' and '''ABA treatments'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*An increase of OsbHLH1 mRNA was already detectable in rice seedlings (shoots plus roots) after being exposed to cold (4°C) for 30 min. The expression reached the maximal level at 30 min after the initiation of the cold stress, and this level lasted around 5 h; thereafter, the OsbHLH1 expression was decreased<ref name="ref1"/>.

*OsbHLH1 gene, encoding a bHLH-type transcription factor, was '''induced under low temperature'''. PCR-amplification and Southern blot analysis confirmed that the OsbHLH1 gene was integrated into the ''Arabidopsis'' genome<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
OsbHLH1 was a '''nuclear protein''', possibly functioning as a transcription factor<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
*The predicted OsbHLH1 has a '''putative DNA binding-domain bHLH-ZIP'''. The genomic sequence of the OsbHLH1 gene is '''unique''' in rice genome and has '''four introns'''. The OsbHLH1 was 1,137 bp in length with an open reading frame (ORF) of 798 bp flanked by a 120-bp 5'- untranslated region (UTR) and a 219-bp 3'-UTR. The open reading frame encoded a putative protein of 266 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 42 kDa<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Several parts of one sequence shared '''99.9% identity''' with the '''nucleotide sequence''' of the OsbHLH1 gene<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*The basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) proteins are transcription factors that play important roles during the development of various metazoans including fly, nematode, and vertebrates. They are also involved in human diseases, particularly in cancerogenesis<ref name="ref3"/>.

*''Ledent et al.'' made an extensive search for bHLH sequences in the completely sequenced genomes ofCaenorhabditis elegans and of Drosophila melanogaster. We found 35 and 56 different genes, respectively, which may represent the complete set of bHLH of these organisms. A phylogenetic analysis of these genes, together with a large number (>350) of bHLH from other sources, led us to define 44 orthologous families among which 36 include bHLH from animals only, and two have representatives in both yeasts and animals<ref name="ref3"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, PR China
*College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, PR China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Wang Y J, Zhang Z G, He X J, et al. A rice transcription factor OsbHLH1 is involved in cold stress response[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107(8): 1402-1409.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Wang Y, Hao Y, Zhang J, et al. Improved tolerance of OsbHLH1 transgenic Arabidopsis to low temperature stress[J]. Gaojishu tongxun, 2003, 14(4): 35-38.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Ledent V, Vervoort M. The basic helix-loop-helix protein family: comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis[J]. Genome research, 2001, 11(5): 754-770.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os07g0628500|
Description = Basic helix-loop-helix dimerisation region bHLH domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001066885.1 GI:115473502 GeneID:4343984|
Length = 2517 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os07g0628500, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 7|Chromosome 7]]|
AP = Chromosome 7:26699867..26702383|
CDS = 26700037..26700519,26700763..26700890,26701346..26701464,26701990..26702057|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008400:26699867..26702383
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008400:26699867..26702383
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtgcccagggacagggtgaatgccgctgccgctggtggcggcggcgaggggaggctggtccagagcggtatagtgaacaagaagtgtgataagaaggctccaaagagaatccataaatcagagagggagaaacttaagcgggacaagcagaatgacctctttaatgagctgggaaacttgctagaacctgacaggcagaacaatgggaaggcatgtgtactgggtgaaactacacgaatactaaaagatttactttcacaagtggaatctctccggaaggagaatagttcactgaagaatgaatctcattatgttgcattggagagaaatgaactgcacgacgataacagcatgcttcgtactgaaatcttggagcttcaaaacgagcttaggacgcggatggaaggcaatcctgtttggagtcatgtaaacaccagaccagctctcagggtaccttatccgacaaccggagtgttcccagtacagcacctgccacatttaccagtcaccacgacggcagcatttcctcagcagctaccggttatcatcgagcagcactatgccgccacgccaagagaacttcagctcttccctgagtctgcgaccagcgaagacagcgaaccgtcacaagaacacgggatttctgaccatgtaacacggcctcagccaaggtacccaacaccaacggccactttgccagtaaacctgtttccagtgtttccaggaagacaagatcaacaatgtagcagtggtacttctggcactaacgaggaagaccgtataggtagatcttag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MVPRDRVNAAAAGGGGEGRLVQSGIVNKKCDKKAPKRIHKSERE KLKRDKQNDLFNELGNLLEPDRQNNGKACVLGETTRILKDLLSQVESLRKENSSLKNE SHYVALERNELHDDNSMLRTEILELQNELRTRMEGNPVWSHVNTRPALRVPYPTTGVF PVQHLPHLPVTTTAAFPQQLPVIIEQHYAATPRELQLFPESATSEDSEPSQEHGISDH VTRPQPRYPTPTATLPVNLFPVFPGRQDQQCSSGTSGTNEEDRIGRS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1865..2347#1494..1621#920..1038#327..394#ggtggcgtccacgcgcccaccccacgcgcgtcaccgtcgctcgcccaaactgcgggcgcgtcgcacgccgccctcccatcgttttctcccattctttccccctcctcctcgtgcaaccacccaaccactgcagccagccacgagccgaggaagccgaggccgaggaggaagacgacgaagacaagtagcgcaaggaaccctcgaaccgggaggccgccgcggctccgatctgggaggtaaccggagctgcaccgcgcggtggggggaaattgaccagagtttgtttgattgatcgattgattgggaagtttcagggggaggtcgagatggtgcccagggacagggtgaatgccgctgccgctggtggcggcggcgaggggaggctggtccagaggtgagtcgttgttgctttcctaggggggcgtgtatggcttcgtcgctttgtgaggatgaggggggaaaaagtatgaactggatggattgggttgggttgctcttagctctcttggttttgggacgaagtggaaatttagtagtgtttttttttgacatattatgagttggttttatgagagacgtaaaccatgagatggaaataatgcttttaggccctgttgatgtgtatcatgtgcgtccaattttggagttggaggagcctaatttgagtttctgccatacagattaaagaattctcatattttaatttacgaacttaaaagccagatggataatgttgttgttgtgtttggaccatttatatttttgtagcactgcaaatttaattgctgcaatggggttaactaccagaactactacaaatcgaaaagcaattccttacttcatcttgaggtgttccatgaaggaatatttttgtccaaactgctttacaatcacactgatgtttgaactttctatgcagcggtatagtgaacaagaagtgtgataagaaggctccaaagagaatccataaatcagagagggagaaacttaagcgggacaagcagaatgacctctttaatgagctgggaaacttgctaggtatgtgtttgtttcgtaattgcgaatccataaacatgattcagattgcacaattgcattgcaacatttggatttttctttctgaaatatgcttatttatgtcattccatctagtgtacatactttcaatactgctagagacatccatttataatcttgtaggagtagtttgttcttatctattactaaattttaagatggatattacaaactctctggacgagttactactagaaatatagcagctgaaattgatttagcagtatttacattttcatctgccacaacctaacttttccctttacgtaaaatacaaaaaggaaaaaaaaagcagcagttatagtgagtgcaagtatcatttgtctaattaatttttagttgtctcagtttcaaaactgcatcgtttttgcatgcggaattatattttcctaagcaacgtgcaaactcctttccagaacctgacaggcagaacaatgggaaggcatgtgtactgggtgaaactacacgaatactaaaagatttactttcacaagtggaatctctccggaaggagaatagttcactgaagaatgaatctcattatgtaagctcttccgaattgaatgtcctatttgtcttcttgcaaaatattagctcaattgttctccttcaattaatttgatggccatggtctggttagtaataataccatggatatggaaaaatgtagagtagtacatatgatcatgataagagtttcttagaatagggctccaattatcattacttagaaaacaaagccaccttactactgattcataatcctactttccatgctgcaaaacaggttgcattggagagaaatgaactgcacgacgataacagcatgcttcgtactgaaatcttggagcttcaaaacgagcttaggacgcggatggaaggcaatcctgtttggagtcatgtaaacaccagaccagctctcagggtaccttatccgacaaccggagtgttcccagtacagcacctgccacatttaccagtcaccacgacggcagcatttcctcagcagctaccggttatcatcgagcagcactatgccgccacgccaagagaacttcagctcttccctgagtctgcgaccagcgaagacagcgaaccgtcacaagaacacgggatttctgaccatgtaacacggcctcagccaaggtacccaacaccaacggccactttgccagtaaacctgtttccagtgtttccaggaagacaagatcaacaatgtagcagtggtacttctggcactaacgaggaagaccgtataggtagatcttaggtacactacataacgagaggtccacacaatgatttgagaattcctttagtttcaacgtttaactttgcaagtttagcaaatgtgaaacagagatctgcgactgtgctcatgggtagcacctaatctgtatatctgaatctcagttttaagtggtcaaataggtgacattc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001066885.1 RefSeq:Os07g0628500]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 7]]
[[Category:Chromosome 7]]

Os07g0498800

2015-03-23T12:37:55Z

Zhangye:

'''''CRTintP1''''' '''confers cold tolerance''' on rice plants<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
CDPK13, calreticulin and CRTintP1 '''might''' be '''important signaling components''' for '''response to cold stress''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>. CRTintP1 was identiWed as a calreticulin-interacting protein by yeast two-hybrid system and was '''binding to calreticulin''' using immuno-precipitation system, which indicating that '''CDPK13, calreticulin and CRTintP1 were related with each others'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006464 GO:0006464]

===Mutation===
Transgenic rice<ref name="ref1"/>:
*'''Accumulation of calreticulin protein''' and '''CRTintP1 protein''' in the sense calreticulin and CRTintP1 transgenic rice was '''higher''' than those in vector control transgenic rice, respectively.
*Calreticulin protein in sense CRTintP1 transgenic rice and CRTintP1 in sense calreticulin transgenic rice were also higher than that in the vector-control transgenic rice. These data demonstrate the interaction of calreticulin with CRTintP1 in vivo, which is in agreement with the observations obtained from the yeast two-hybrid analysis.

===Expression===
*Northern and immunoblot analysis showed increased expression of calreticulin and CRTintP1 in '''response to cold stress'''. Co-immunoprecipitation using anti-calreticulin antibodies confirmed the existence of the calreticulin- CRTintP1 complex in vivo in the stressed '''leaf tissue'''<ref name="ref3"/>.

*CRTintP1 was identified as a calreticulin-interacting protein by yeast two-hybrid systems and was found bound to calreticulin using immono-precipitation system. The interaction of calreticulin with CRTintP1 in vivo, which is in agreement with the observations obtained from the yeast two-hybrid analysis<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
Cellular localization studies showed that a fusion of CRTintP1 to green fluorescent protein was directed to the '''nucleus in onion epidermal cells'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*Calreticulin (CRT), a major Ca2+-sequestering protein, has been implicated in a variety of cellular functions such as Ca2+ storage, signaling and chaperone activity within the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum. To investigate the biological role of CRT in rice, 21 partial cDNAs, encoding proteins that interacted with rice CRT in a yeast two-hybrid interaction-cloning system, were characterized and the nucleotide sequences were found to be identical to each other<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Northern and immunoblot analysis showed increased expression of CRT and CRTintP in response to cold stress. Co-immunoprecipitation using anti-CRT antibodies confirmed the existence of the CRT-CRTintP complex in vivo in the stressed leaf tissue, suggesting their potential role in regulating stress response<ref name="ref2"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*National Institute of Crop Science, 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan
*National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba 305-8602, Japan
*National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region, Akita 014-0102, Japan

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Komatsu S, Yang G, Khan M, et al. Over-expression of calcium-dependent protein kinase 13 and calreticulin interacting protein 1 confers cold tolerance on rice plants[J]. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 2007, 277(6): 713-723.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Sharma A, Isogai M, Yamamoto T, et al. A novel interaction between calreticulin and ubiquitin-like nuclear protein in rice[J]. Plant and cell physiology, 2004, 45(6): 684-692.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Komatsu S. Rice proteome database: a step toward functional analysis of the rice genome[J]. Plant molecular biology, 2005, 59(1): 179-190.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os07g0498800|
Description = Calreticulin interacted protein|
Version = NM_001066246.1 GI:115472224 GeneID:4343305|
Length = 8474 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os07g0498800, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 7|Chromosome 7]]|
AP = Chromosome 7:19377339..19385812|
CDS = 19377627..19377701,19378023..19378178,19378430..19379032,19379303..19379631,19379729..19380292 ,19380865..19380979,19381063..19381134,19381217..19381381,19382341..19382489 ,19382567..19382636,19382712..19382858,19382936..19383004,19383274..19383314 ,19383859..19383957,19384519..19384636,19384814..19384942|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008400:19377339..19385812
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008400:19377339..19385812
source=RiceChromosome07
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtctgaagatgcgtctgtcggggccagcagttcaacagtaaaagctggcgatgatccagaggctaccattgagatcaacatcaaaaccctggattcacaagttcataagctccgtgttaagaagaatgtacctgttctggtccttaaagagaagatagtagaggcaaccggggttcctgtggaccaacagcggttgatttttagaggaagagtcttaaaggacgatcacctgctatcagaatatcatttggaagatgggtacacattgcatttggttgctcggcgtgcagctgctgaaggccaacattcttctggtacttctgatgaaaacacccatgctaatgttaatgttgctggaaatggactgttaggagatatctccaggagtgttcgggatatccttggctccctaggtcttgcgacgcctggtggcatgacaaacactacattttcggtgcctttaaccactgcaccagaaggggccaataatgtcaatggaagaactcaaccagggaatcatgcacaaccagggttttcaattctgaatcatcaaatccaagtatcacaactacaaccagcaggctctattcctcgcaacatggttattcctgattctctcacaactcttttggagtatatcaaccgcatggatcaagtactacagaataacggcacaccatctgttgatacaaatacccagcagccaccaagatcggatgatgcttatctaaatcaaagatttccaagtcctgaggttctggtgtcagtcattgaaagagcccaacaacttcttggtggcagtgctgcttctgctctttcacatctcgcacaacgaatccagagagattctggcaccagtgatgcatctatacgtagccagatccagaatgaatcagctcagctgggagtagcaatgcagcatttgggtgcaatgtttttggagcttggtcgaacaatgatgatgcttcggatggggccatcccctgctgatgcttttgtcaatgctggatcttctgtttatataaactctgcaggaccgaatccaatcatggttcagccatcttttcaaaatactcctccttttggagtttcgagcataccagtcctcggtggaatttctggtgcctttggtattgttgatccttctcgtacatctgctgtcaatacccatggtacttctacaacaagtgggtcatctgctggtatgaccactgcttctgcaggcgctgtcaatgaaggtcgtcaaaatgtggaaagaactcaaggaggtaacccatctgctacctcaatgcatggattgccagcaaggacagttattgcggctattcctgcacggtccacggctgaggctccaaaccatgtcctgagtgttatcctgcctgttcaagtgaggagtcaagtagcaatgcctaatcaatcaacagtttctcaaggttctcagactgcagtgggcggtggatctcaaccacaagcctctgtaggtggtgttgctagcattccttctatagtggcacaggtaactgcacaagtagccaatgcattgagtgcaaatcaacaaggccaggtttcatcatctgcgcagaacacagtagatcagggatctcgctcggtcacaactaatggagttgacaatgtggattctctggtatcagcaagtacgcaactgcaaaatgagctgtcagattctaacaatggacgcacttcactaaatgcacaatctcttgtagctggagcaggtatttctccttcaaacacatctgatcccaatttagcatcggaagacagcagcactgaaaatgctcccaacatcggcagtattcaacaacatccagagatggaagggatccatgcagataatgtcagaaaaccttctgaggaatcaacaacagccaacttagtggggcagatcacaaccacctgtacagatgatatttctgtgaacagatcagcagaaaattcttcacagaagaacattccattggatggagtatctgcacagtccattaagccatctgcaagtagtaggtctgaaccagtaggtcttggtggaggtttgcagcctaagaggcggagcagaacagcaaagccacctgggagtagcagtgatactggcgaagtcgtcaattcctctcgcatcagcaatagccaaaatgctgtttcaatgggccagcaggttctgcaagcccttgcttctcaaaatactaatgtaaacagaagccatgttacggattctccacttccatccactacttctcagttttctggtggaatgcctccgagaagacagggtggtgaaggacaagttgattttggcagtatgatatccagtgtgctaaacaacccagcttttggcaatctgttgtccaatgtagcagagcaaacaggcatgggttccgcaggtgatttgagaaacatggtggaagagtgtgcacagagccctgcaataatggatactatgagtaatttagtccaaaatgtggatgggtcaggaagaggtcaaggtggcattgacttgtctagaatgatgcagcaaatgatgcctgttgtatcccaagttcttggtggagctggggctcgtcctgctggtacaaatagtggacaatccagattgcagcctcggcgcagtgacatgagagtggatgatgcttcagattatggaaattctcagattgatctacaccaagctcgtgaacacattgagcaacatgactcccccagggatatcttcggtgcggtcctcgaaactgctgcacaggcttatggtgaagatgagagtattgaggacatgcttgaagagcttgtcagtgacccagaacttacagatgactacctgaaacttctgctccaacaagttcgccagaggatacagtcggcatctcaatccgggaaccagtcttga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSEDASVGASSSTVKAGDDPEATIEINIKTLDSQVHKLRVKKNV PVLVLKEKIVEATGVPVDQQRLIFRGRVLKDDHLLSEYHLEDGYTLHLVARRAAAEGQ HSSGTSDENTHANVNVAGNGLLGDISRSVRDILGSLGLATPGGMTNTTFSVPLTTAPE GANNVNGRTQPGNHAQPGFSILNHQIQVSQLQPAGSIPRNMVIPDSLTTLLEYINRMD QVLQNNGTPSVDTNTQQPPRSDDAYLNQRFPSPEVLVSVIERAQQLLGGSAASALSHL AQRIQRDSGTSDASIRSQIQNESAQLGVAMQHLGAMFLELGRTMMMLRMGPSPADAFV NAGSSVYINSAGPNPIMVQPSFQNTPPFGVSSIPVLGGISGAFGIVDPSRTSAVNTHG TSTTSGSSAGMTTASAGAVNEGRQNVERTQGGNPSATSMHGLPARTVIAAIPARSTAE APNHVLSVILPVQVRSQVAMPNQSTVSQGSQTAVGGGSQPQASVGGVASIPSIVAQVT AQVANALSANQQGQVSSSAQNTVDQGSRSVTTNGVDNVDSLVSASTQLQNELSDSNNG RTSLNAQSLVAGAGISPSNTSDPNLASEDSSTENAPNIGSIQQHPEMEGIHADNVRKP SEESTTANLVGQITTTCTDDISVNRSAENSSQKNIPLDGVSAQSIKPSASSRSEPVGL GGGLQPKRRSRTAKPPGSSSDTGEVVNSSRISNSQNAVSMGQQVLQALASQNTNVNRS HVTDSPLPSTTSQFSGGMPPRRQGGEGQVDFGSMISSVLNNPAFGNLLSNVAEQTGMG SAGDLRNMVEECAQSPAIMDTMSNLVQNVDGSGRGQGGIDLSRMMQQMMPVVSQVLGG AGARPAGTNSGQSRLQPRRSDMRVDDASDYGNSQIDLHQAREHIEQHDSPRDIFGAVL ETAAQAYGEDESIEDMLEELVSDPELTDDYLKLLLQQVRQRIQSASQSGNQS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>8112..8186#7635..7790#6781..7383#6182..6510#5521..6084#4834..4948#4679..4750#4432..4596#3324..3472#3177..3246#2955..3101#2809..2877#2499..2539#1856..1954#1177..1294#871..999#agttctcacttctcacacaactcgcaaccctaataaagcgcaaaaaaggaaaaagaaaaatcgccacggaaaaatcctcgctgccccccatcgggcaggagcaaccgccgcatcggcccccgatccggtcgccgccgcctctcgcccggttcatccgccgcttgccaacccctccgctcccagcaaccctagtcccccaccccaacgccgccgccagctcagctcgcctcgcgcggggcgcagccgactctctacttgtggcctcggcggctcgggccctctccggattccacgtatggctcgatcttctgcttttctttttcttctttttttttttttaattattcgggaattgaagcctcatcctattgggggcatacgcgacttggcggagaggacaatggcgacgcatttcagagctaaggggggaagggatatgattttgaggctgtaattgcttgcgaagttctccttttggaagggatcggtcctagccattctgagctgctaaaaattttatttgcggtacggagcgtcttctgataagaggacagaacgattagggtctcccgtaatctgcttttaaatgcttgatggagtcctagaacctaaaattatggaattttctctaatgttaagctaggaatgagggtactggtttcttcgtagatggaaggcgctctacttgttgctgccggaactctgttgagatcttgtgcttaaatgcaggggtttaactggctgtgtaatcttaggcgtggagtgagttgactatgaagaattctgaacatgtctaggaatcataatttcgaattttgtagcttgtggtttatgcagcatctgatactattcagttcctcgttctgtaggatgtctgaagatgcgtctgtcggggccagcagttcaacagtaaaagctggcgatgatccagaggctaccattgagatcaacatcaaaaccctggattcacaagttcataagctccgtgttaagaagaatgtatgcttcgccccaccttgacagtttgctattatgtctctgtgtgtctgttgagtgttgcttgcttgaagagatactagaaatgctatagaatgtcagttccttatagttagaacgacaagatgaattctcccatgtacttgttttgagacaatctaatcactgaaaaatttttaggtacctgttctggtccttaaagagaagatagtagaggcaaccggggttcctgtggaccaacagcggttgatttttagaggaagagtcttaaaggacgatcacctgctatcagaatatcgtatcctttttgttcatgcttcttcttttgaatgcttgaagacaatcaaaccatctagagactcacctcgcttgttgctgttgagaacttgagctatatacactatttacctgcattttgtttcccatctttagttgcttagttataaataggccgggaagatacacaactcttttgggccagtaagggtgatttcgttactgctagaagagtagagtgcctgatgcttttgttgggattagggctgcttgctttggtagtgatttcataatggccttccaatgagacaaaataaagtagtaaaatgtcaaattgaagtatctaagcattaattctttgcaaatatgggcaagaacctcaaatcattgtagaccttgatgatatttgttaagttgaggtggttgaacaccagtatttaactgcatcgttggtggtaatgaggggttccttggatcaacgattttcatcaccacatgatgtaatttatcattttcggttttcttgtgatatttcgtttgtaaacacgacagttgtgatagttatatctttgacaacctcaagatttggaagatgggtacacattgcatttggttgctcggcgtgcagctgctgaaggccaacattcttctggtacttctgatgaaaacacccatgctaatggtaagttaagttgggggttgctttgaagagtatactatcaatatagaacgcacctgatatgcctatgacctattagtcctcagagccatgtgctgcacaagttttcgtagtatcgtaaacaatttatgtgcgttttcactcttcaataccatgtttccatgtgtctgttctatatattaattgtgtcaagctcatactggataaaatattattgccctttgaagggcagaaaaatagttattgctagttattgtaaaaaatagctaggtaagcatttcaggctaagtagatgaaggcttgaacagtccttcgctttatttttcatttaatttgtgaactaaaaacaccattatttaactgtatttatgtaagcattactgtgtttctagttattacaatatatagatagagcataacaaatcaacttgggttatattgactggcactaccttttgtggtaccagagtgtatttcctctgtacctgattttaggtatattacagcaatatgctgggtatgggtctgataatctttttacgtgcagttaatgttgctggaaatggactgttaggagatatctccagggtatgcttctaacatcgctttgtctcgtatacttaaaatttccaatctgcttaactcttagcaacaactacaggttaactttaattttctttgaattctttttcattaactctcttctaggaaattatagaggctatgcattctgaggggatgatagatgacctggctagggtatatgctttgttctagtgttatatgtacctgtctaaatggggaccagaacctttatatgtttattgatgtgatttcctcccacctgttatctgcagagtgttcgggatatccttggctccctaggtcttgcgacgcctggtggcatgacaaacactacattttcggtaataaggtgttacttctttaggtctagtaacctgagacatctcggtatttgacttctatatgtttacttgattaggtgcctttaaccactgcaccagaaggggccaataatgtcaatggaagaactcaaccagggaatcatgcacaaccagggttttcaattctgaatcatcaaatccaagtatcacaactacaaccagcaggctctattcctcgcaacatggttagtaaactgtacttttttcattggtgttttcccatgtataatcatcattataacttttagcaccattgacaggttattcctgattctctcacaactcttttggagtatatcaaccgcatggatcaagtactacagaataacggtatcgtttgttgcaatttgttagtttgatgtgtgtcataaaatactgtcatgttcatctttatgttgcaaattcaggcacaccatctgttgatacaaatacccagcagccaccaagatcggatgatgcttatctaaatcaaagatttccaagtcctgaggttctggtgtcagtcattgaaagagcccaacaacttcttggtggcagtgctgcttctgctctttcagtatgttatcctctctggtacttatattaagttctttttagcttcagtggttcagcctttatagtgatatcttgtcgacgtatagtttatccttctttgtaagtactatattttgtaatgattttgccttctttctaatcagcaaaataattctctttgaacatcaatatgttgccaatgtactacttttcagttctcttatttgagacaaaactatggagatttaaaccaaaataaatccattgtcccattccgtgaccataatcctgctcacagttatctctaatggaccatatacatttaatggctgatactacttgttacaatatagatgattaggctttataacaactactaggaggaacttttagccacttcgtggtacaaaaataacactctagtgttgtgttttgaatataatttttgttttgccttgggtactaggtctgccttagtgccgtgtaacactgctctatattatccctgaatattatatgaggattcaaatggtatttgtaaacgttttgtaccaccactctgcattatccctgaatattatatgagaattcaaatggtatttataaacaccagatgttatttgtttgagagactgatgatctgtttttcattcttttctgcactatccctgctaacattttcctttgggtgccgtacacttgatctgtttttcattcttctctagcattgattgacatgtgaaaggtctaagtggacctctcaaaggtatcaatgggacattagtcttcctagttcggttcttttctctttttttattatgatacccacatttcatacttctcaacgcttattgattcaaaggggtcatatgtacgcagcttcaagactgagtacagtgaaatagcttacctttgaattcacagacgcatgcttctatttggaattttgatgaccttctgtttacctgatatttgtttcagcatctcgcacaacgaatccagagagattctggcaccagtgatgcatctatacgtagccagatccagaatgaatcagctcagctgggagtagcaatgcagcatttgggtgcaatgtttttggagcttggtcgaacaatgatgatgcttcggatggggccatcccctgtatgcttaatttaaattctctattatagtatttaactgatttctgcatgtgttaatttcataacgcttcttattttggtaggctgatgcttttgtcaatgctggatcttctgtttatataaactctgcaggaccgaatccaatcatggttcaggtgacatacattgagatgctttctcatgttgactttaattgttgtgccactttaatgacaacacacattctattgctctgcagccatcttttcaaaatactcctccttttggagtttcgagcataccagtcctcggtggaatttctggtgcctttggtattgttgatccttctcgtacatctgctgtcaatacccatggtaagatcacatttcaagttctcttcagtggctctgttgagtgtactcagctgagtcatgaagctaccatttcaaatccttaatctctactgagaagttcaaatggttatggttatggcctatgattacaaactattacactaataggttagtaggtaaattatctgttagttatttcccttttttttttcttgaacacgagggagttcttccctatattacctgcttcgtcctgatttacctctaaccagaactgaaagatcataacagttttcatatatttatgggatttttcacagggtttatttacacctggatacaatattggtggcctttaattacgattcttttttcaccatctttgtgttagttttcccacatattaccccctcctcctgatttacccctaaccagaccggaagatcataatagctgtaatatatttatgggattttccacagggtttatttacacctggatactgtcatcttggtggcctttgattacaattcttttgtcacactcttgtctgtcctgagcttccactcagacttgatatgatcctttactaggtacttctacaacaagtgggtcatctgctggtatgaccactgcttctgcaggcgctgtcaatgaaggtcgtcaaaatgtggaaagaactcaaggaggtaacccatctgctacctcaatgcatggattgccagcaaggacagttattgcggctattcctgcacggtccacggctgaggctccaaaccatgtcctgagtgttatcctgcctgttcaagtgaggagtcaagtagcaatgcctaatcaatcaacagtttctcaaggttctcagactgcagtgggcggtggatctcaaccacaagcctctgtaggtggtgttgctagcattccttctatagtggcacaggtaactgcacaagtagccaatgcattgagtgcaaatcaacaaggccaggtttcatcatctgcgcagaacacagtagatcagggatctcgctcggtcacaactaatggagttgacaatgtggattctctggtatcagcaagtacgcaactgcaaaatgagctgtcagattctaacaatggacgcacttcactaaatgcacaatctcttgtagctggagcaggtgcctttacattctttttaatgtatcgaacattttctctaatggaaaatgtactgaattgttcaccattcctgtttgttttaatttctctaatcaggtatttctccttcaaacacatctgatcccaatttagcatcggaagacagcagcactgaaaatgctcccaacatcggcagtattcaacaacatccagagatggaagggatccatgcagataatgtcagaaaaccttctgaggaatcaacaacagccaacttagtggggcagatcacaaccacctgtacagatgatatttctgtgaacagatcagcagaaaattcttcacagaagaacattccattggatggagtatctgcacagtccattaagccatctgcaagtagtaggtctgaaccagtaggtcttggtggaggtttgcagcctaaggtattagttaattattttagtgtttactttttagtaataatgtttcctgtaatttgattgtttagcctgcattttgttatccatatcttagcggggttagaatttgccatggttggcagcagtttagttgattggtttaatcacttcaccatttggtctgaatgaaaatggcagacattttactgttgagaaaacgtagtatgccattcatacatgattatttgtcccaaatatgatatgatccccccttctgaaactgctttgatgcagaggcggagcagaacagcaaagccacctgggagtagcagtgatactggcgaagtcgtcaattcctctcgcatcagcaatagccaaaatgctgtttcaatgggccagcaggttctgcaagcccttgcttctcaaaatactaatgtaaacagaagccatgttacggattctccacttccatccactacttctcagttttctggtggaatgcctccgagaagacagggtggtgaaggacaagttgattttggcagtatgatatccagtgtgctaaacaacccagcttttggcaatctgttgtccaatgtagcagagcaaacaggcatgggttccgcaggtgatttgagaaacatggtggaagagtgtgcacagagccctgcaataatggatactatgagtaatttagtccaaaatgtggatgggtcaggaagaggtcaaggtggcattgacttgtctagaatgatgcagcaaatgatgcctgttgtatcccaagttcttggtggagctggggctcgtcctgctggtacaaatagtggacaatccagattgcagcctcggcgcagtgacatgagagtggatgatgcttcagattatggaaattctcaggtaagtcatccagctgaataggttggaactgcctgtatttgcatttgttcttcttagtattatggcttgtgcttatatggtttatttgtgaagaaaaaaattgtgatgattactaatacaccatatctggacaaatgttcattctaaagggttgagaatgtcatatgcaagactgacaaatggaaaacaatatcttttttttttaactttttgataattcataaactaccatcctgctttttcatgcacagattgatctacaccaagctcgtgaacacattgagcaacatgactcccccagggatatcttcggtgcggtcctcgaaactgctgcacaggcttatggtgaagatgagagtattgaggacatgcttgaagagcttgtcagtgacccagaacttacagatgtatgtttccaaaatccccccatccaaatttagaataagctctaatgattttcataggatgccatatagttgataccgtagggtgagattgtttagaaacatacattaggagattatgttatactaatatgtatacatatataaaaaggcaagagatcattttgtggtaaaataagtggtatatgcttcttatatgatcttttgtcaaaataaataaaaaatctgataggattttgcagtaccttgtttgcctttttttttctttttagaaaactttgtttgccttctgattaaccctaaactgctgcaaatatatgctaggactacctgaaacttctgctccaacaagttcgccagaggatacagtcggcatctcaatccgggaaccagtcttgagcaatcatggcaaagaaggtgatccagatatagaggtgattgcataggcaaggtggttgaaccatgcaggtattcactgcagagtttatattttataagttgaaaatggacagaacccagtgtttggtttggtggtcatgattaggcgcctccgtggatgtacatgtgccgtgttctctaattttggcctcagagatgatgtttacaccacccactgcacttgctttaaatgttttacagattttgttagtggtacatagctatcatcaagagctttagatttcgtgg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001066246.1 RefSeq:Os07g0498800]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 7]]
[[Category:Chromosome 7]]

Os06g0644200

2015-03-23T09:29:17Z

Zhangye:

'''''OVP1''''' is a member of V-PPases genes in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
''OVP1'' '''enhanced cold tolerance''' is related to '''cell membrane integrity'''. The '''increased protection of membrane integrity''' was one of key factors for the OVP1 enhanced cold tolerance. V-PPase was an important element in the survival strategies of plants under cold stress<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004427 GO:0004427],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0009678 GO:0009678], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015992 GO:0015992], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016020 GO:0016020]

===Mutation===
OVP1 transgenic rice lines<ref name="ref1"/>：
*The expression of OVP1 transcript was '''higher''' in transgenic rice lines than that in wild type seedlings. The OVP1 transcript levels '''increased''' 25.37-fold and 76.02-fold in transgenic lines OE-1 and OE-2, respectively. transgenic lines had 24% and 81% of '''increased levels''' of the enzymatic activity respectively as compared to the control plants.
*'''After cold treatment''' for 10 days, the '''survival rates''' of OVP1 transgenic lines OE-1 and OE-2 were 44.6% and 55.2% respectively, while the survival rate of wild type rice under the same conditions was only 20.2%.

===Expression===
*Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that OVP1 was '''induced by cold stress'''. OVP1 overexpression resulted in '''enhanced cold tolerance''' in transgenic rice, which was related to an '''increased integrity of cell membrane''', '''decreased MDA content''' and '''accumulation of proline''' to '''higher level''' as compared with wild type '''rice seedlings'''. The expression profiling of OVP1 transcript suggested its role in plant tolerance to cold stress with specific regulation mechanisms<ref name="ref1"/>.

*OVP1 expression was also '''induced by anoxia''' and '''chilling stress'''<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/>. Northern analysis indicates that the OVPI and OVP2 are also expressed in intact rice plants and OVP2 shows higher expression in the calli than the roots and shoots, compared to OVPI<ref name="ref3"/> .

===Evolution===
[[File: rice V-PPases phylogenic1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Phylogenic analysis of deduced amino acid sequences of rice V-PPases.(from reference <ref name="ref4"/>).'']]
*The relationship between the '''six V-PPases''' is shown in a phylogenic tree. The vacuolar H(+)-pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) is an electrogenic H+ pump, which was found in the plant vacuolar membrane<ref name="ref4"/>.

*The sequence analysis has revealed that OVP1 '''contains 2316 nucleotides''' of open reading frame (ORF) and '''362 nucleotides''' of the 3'-untranslated region, whereas OVP2 comprises 2304 nucleotides of ORF and 312 nucleotides of the 3'-untranslated region. The '''nucleotide sequences''' of ORF of OVPI and OVP2 are '''80.7% identical''', and their 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions have 39.4% and 48.4% identity, respectively. The polypeptides encoded by the ORF of OVPI and OVP2 contain 771 and 767 amino acids, respectively, and the sequences of the OVP proteins are '''very similar''' to those of other V-PPases, which are shown to have '''85-91% homology'''<ref name="ref3"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
The vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) is an electrogenic H + pump, which was found in the plant vacuolar membrane. In plant cells, H + pumps play important roles in metabolism, homeostasis and regulation of turgot pressure by establishing transmembrane electrochemical
gradients which drive translocations of various solutes such as ions, amino acids and sugars across cellular membranes<ref name="ref3"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
*Molecular Function Laboratory, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305 Japan
*Present address: Department of Applied Physiolog3, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Z~'ukuba, lbaraki, 305 Japan (*author for correspondence)

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Zhang J, Li J, Wang X, et al. OVP1, a vacuolar H+-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (V-PPase), overexpression improved rice cold tolerance[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2011, 49(1): 33-38.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
G.D. Carystinos, H.R. MacDonald, A.F. Monroy, R.S. Dhindsa, R.J. Poole, Vacuolar H(þ)-translocating pyrophosphatase is induced by anoxia or chilling in seedlings of rice, Plant Physiol. 108 (1995) 641e649.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Sakakibara Y, Kobayashi H, Kasamo K. Isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase isoforms from rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Plant molecular biology, 1996, 31(5): 1029-1038.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Muto Y, Segami S, Hayashi H, et al. Vacuolar proton pumps and aquaporins involved in rapid internode elongation of deepwater rice[J]. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2011, 75(1): 114-122.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0644200|
Description = Similar to Pyrophosphate-energized vacuolar membrane proton pump (EC 3.6.1.1) (Pyrophosphate-energized inorganic pyrophosphatase) (H+-PPase) (Vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase)|
Version = NM_001064719.1 GI:115469169 GeneID:4341645|
Length = 5767 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0644200, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:27149901..27155667|
CDS = 27149955..27150252,27152119..27152693,27152856..27153235,27153322..27153408,27153506..27153836 ,27154007..27154417,27154500..27154559,27154668..27154874|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:27149901..27155667
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:27149901..27155667
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgaatcctagcgcgaggatctcgcaggtagcaatggcggcgatactgccggacctggcgacgcaggtgctggtcccggcggcggccgtggtcggcatcgcgttcgcggtggtgcagtgggtgctggtgtccaaggtgaagatgaccgcggagcggcgcggcggggaggggtcccccggcgcggccgccgggaaggacggcggcgccgccagcgagtacctcatcgaggaggaggaggggctcaacgagcacaacgtcgtcgagaagtgctccgagatccagcacgccatctccgaaggagcaacttctttcctcttcactgaatacaagtatgttggactattcatgggcattttcgcggtcctgatcttcctcttccttggatctgttgagggattcagcacaaagagtcaaccttgccactacagcaaggataggatgtgcaagcctgcccttgcaaatgctatcttcagtactgttgcctttgtgcttggtgcagtcacctctcttgtatctggtttccttggaatgaagattgcaacttatgcaaatgccaggacaacccttgaggcaaggaagggtgttgggaaggcattcattactgctttccgctctggtgctgtcatgggtttcctgcttgctgcaagtggccttgttgttctttacattgccatcaacttgttcggaatttattatggtgatgactgggaaggtctttttgaggctatcactgggtatggtcttggtggttcttctatggccctatttggccgtgtaggtggcggtatttacacgaaagctgctgatgttggtgctgacctagttgggaaagtagaaaggaatatccctgaagatgacccaagaaacccagctgtcattgcagataatgttggtgacaatgttggagatattgctggaatggggtcagatctctttggttcctatgctgagtcatcttgtgctgctcttgtcgttgcttcaatctcttcttttggaattaaccatgaattcactcctatgctgtacccgctcctgattagctcagttggtatcattgcttgtctgataaccacacttttcgccactgatttttttgagatcaaggctgttgatgaaattgagcctgccctcaagaagcaacttataatttccaccgttgtgatgacggttggcattgcacttgtcagttggttaggcctcccatattccttcacaatattcaactttggtgcccagaagactgtgtataactggcaacttttcttgtgtgtggcggttggtctttgggctggactaatcatcggatttgtgacagagtattacacaagcaacgcctacagccctgtccaagacgttgctgattcctgcagaaccggagctgctactaatgtcatctttggccttgctctgggatacaaatctgtcattattcctatttttgctattgcttttagtattttcctcagcttcagccttgccgcaatgtacggtgtagctgtggctgcccttggaatgcttagcacaattgcaactggtcttgccattgatgcctatggccctatcagtgacaatgctggaggaattgctgagatggctggcatgagtcacagaattcgtgagagaactgatgctctggatgctgcaggaaacaccactgctgccatcgggaagggtttcgccattggctcggcagccttggtgtctcttgccctctttggtgcctttgtgagccgtgccgccatctccactgtcgatgttctgacacctaaagttttcattggactgattgttggtgctatgctcccatactggttctctgctatgaccatgaagagtgttggcagcgcagcgctcaagatggtggaggaagtccgtaggcagttcaactccatccctgggctcatggagggcacaaccaagcctgactacgcaacctgtgtgaagatctccactgatgcatccatcaaggagatgattcccccaggtgctcttgtcatgctcagccctctcattgttgggatcttctttggtgtcgagaccctctcaggactacttgctggtgctctcgtttctggtgttcagattgccatctctgcatcaaacactggtggtgcctgggacaacgcaaagaagtacattgaggctggtgcatctgagcatgcaaggaccctgggcccgaaaggctcagactgccacaaggctgctgtgatcggcgacaccattggggatcctctcaaggacacctcaggcccctcgctcaacatcctcatcaagctgatggctgtcgagtcgctcgtgtttgccccgttcttcgccacccatggaggcatcctcttcaagtggttttag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MNPSARISQVAMAAILPDLATQVLVPAAAVVGIAFAVVQWVLVS KVKMTAERRGGEGSPGAAAGKDGGAASEYLIEEEEGLNEHNVVEKCSEIQHAISEGAT SFLFTEYKYVGLFMGIFAVLIFLFLGSVEGFSTKSQPCHYSKDRMCKPALANAIFSTV AFVLGAVTSLVSGFLGMKIATYANARTTLEARKGVGKAFITAFRSGAVMGFLLAASGL VVLYIAINLFGIYYGDDWEGLFEAITGYGLGGSSMALFGRVGGGIYTKAADVGADLVG KVERNIPEDDPRNPAVIADNVGDNVGDIAGMGSDLFGSYAESSCAALVVASISSFGIN HEFTPMLYPLLISSVGIIACLITTLFATDFFEIKAVDEIEPALKKQLIISTVVMTVGI ALVSWLGLPYSFTIFNFGAQKTVYNWQLFLCVAVGLWAGLIIGFVTEYYTSNAYSPVQ DVADSCRTGAATNVIFGLALGYKSVIIPIFAIAFSIFLSFSLAAMYGVAVAALGMLST IATGLAIDAYGPISDNAGGIAEMAGMSHRIRERTDALDAAGNTTAAIGKGFAIGSAAL VSLALFGAFVSRAAISTVDVLTPKVFIGLIVGAMLPYWFSAMTMKSVGSAALKMVEEV RRQFNSIPGLMEGTTKPDYATCVKISTDASIKEMIPPGALVMLSPLIVGIFFGVETLS GLLAGALVSGVQIAISASNTGGAWDNAKKYIEAGASEHARTLGPKGSDCHKAAVIGDT IGDPLKDTSGPSLNILIKLMAVESLVFAPFFATHGGILFKWF</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>55..352#2219..2793#2956..3335#3422..3508#3606..3936#4107..4517#4600..4659#4768..4974#tctcctctcctcctcctcttcgcgtcgaatcctcctccgagaagaggagagtacatgaatcctagcgcgaggatctcgcaggtagcaatggcggcgatactgccggacctggcgacgcaggtgctggtcccggcggcggccgtggtcggcatcgcgttcgcggtggtgcagtgggtgctggtgtccaaggtgaagatgaccgcggagcggcgcggcggggaggggtcccccggcgcggccgccgggaaggacggcggcgccgccagcgagtacctcatcgaggaggaggaggggctcaacgagcacaacgtcgtcgagaagtgctccgagatccagcacgccatctccgaaggtgagggagggggactgactcacccccgtgtgctgttcgtgtttttttttttggccttttttgggtggatctgagcacgcgcgtagttgtgtagatctcgtgccgtcgcagcggttactggcgctaatttttgctaatttagttgtttttttttggttgcttgtggcgtgaacatgttcaaaagtagcttatccgagcatcaattatggggaatttgcagcacaagattgatataattgtggggaatttgcagcacaggatttatatttttatattgctgtgaagagattataaagctcaggttaagatggcgctgcttttaatcaagcggagttgcgtgtctagcagtagtgcttgtgagcttgtgttactttatttattgtgtgaaatcatgagattcctctgagttctatcgaatttactgtggctaaagtagtattctattgtgtggaatcatgagattcctctctgagtttgattgaatttactgtgtgcctaaactataacgagagctgctacacatacgatttttcacgtacgatacttgtacgactaacgatttccagcgaaagcccgtaacgtttgtctcctgttttctagtgatgcacgcacggcgttcaccatcagttagaaatcatactagaatcgtacgcagaaatcgtatgcatagtattttcgaaactacaactatgctagtatgctagatgtgaactgttacattgttagttggatctacagaaacattaaacaatcatgttcccactttacacagcacatgttataataattcttagtcagtgcgtgctaatcgcgggtcaattaagttcgtttgttgcgtctgctgagatattttattggggagatatttttagtggggtagatcagaacttgaattgctcagttcttagaggccctcacgtaaagccctgcggtggccatgctgtggggataggagaatttactgatggaggaggacaagttattggaccagtggtcctacttattgctcttaggaggataagaagataacgatttttctgcgcacctgcattattgaagcagggagaaaatagtttcattttgactgtatccacctagcttggaaggaatcctagatgcggcgcacatggacgggacgatcttgtggtccattcattaatcataaaccttacatgtaaggttataattcaaggacagttgcaggctgagaggtggtgatttatgtagtttgtcctatgttaggcgcctgctttcttggcaggtttcatctctagcgatgcttgggtgagttttaatattgtgaaagtgttaggttctgtccttttctagtaaagttcaaacgtatttttggaaatatttgtttggtcaacatttctttcttagaagactatagggcttgcagttagtgtgccttacttgtggagtcctgctatgcatatgatctgtttcacaggaaatgctagatatgctaatagtttgcatggtttgtaatttgtgaatctggttttgtggaaactttctaggattggaactttgtttaatcaaatacatttttgttggtttcaattggttggatatttgagatattgggttactgaccagtgaccaaagtcccatctatttcactatttaatttagcctttgttaccatattttggtgctcatgtttatggagtccagtcaaacactacaattagaaaaacaggttcagttctaattataaacatatttatgcgttgctagctttggtgttttatgtttcagctattattattgttatcgctaaccttttcttgtcattgactaattgttgtatatttgtatgcgtctatgatctaaatactgttttttttaaactgtaaacaggagcaacttctttcctcttcactgaatacaagtatgttggactattcatgggcattttcgcggtcctgatcttcctcttccttggatctgttgagggattcagcacaaagagtcaaccttgccactacagcaaggataggatgtgcaagcctgcccttgcaaatgctatcttcagtactgttgcctttgtgcttggtgcagtcacctctcttgtatctggtttccttggaatgaagattgcaacttatgcaaatgccaggacaacccttgaggcaaggaagggtgttgggaaggcattcattactgctttccgctctggtgctgtcatgggtttcctgcttgctgcaagtggccttgttgttctttacattgccatcaacttgttcggaatttattatggtgatgactgggaaggtctttttgaggctatcactgggtatggtcttggtggttcttctatggccctatttggccgtgtaggtggcggtatttacacgaaagctgctgatgttggtgctgacctagttgggaaagtagaaaggaatatccctgaagatgacccaagaaacccagctgtaagaattctttcctgacgctttaaaaacttgtttcttaatattacttgaaataatttgttttgttcttttcataatgatttgtgttattgagcaaagcattaaaacatcgataggaatttatgtgcatgcaagaatgatcatttcttcctccttttgcaggtcattgcagataatgttggtgacaatgttggagatattgctggaatggggtcagatctctttggttcctatgctgagtcatcttgtgctgctcttgtcgttgcttcaatctcttcttttggaattaaccatgaattcactcctatgctgtacccgctcctgattagctcagttggtatcattgcttgtctgataaccacacttttcgccactgatttttttgagatcaaggctgttgatgaaattgagcctgccctcaagaagcaacttataatttccaccgttgtgatgacggttggcattgcacttgtcagttggttaggcctcccatattccttcacaatattcaactttggtgcccagaagactgtgtataactggtatgcccatatttaaattggaattccatcttttacttagaacttcattgttaaaatcattgacctcatttccctgattttgataggcaacttttcttgtgtgtggcggttggtctttgggctggactaatcatcggatttgtgacagagtattacacaagcaacgcctacaggtgcttataagtctgatcatattcaatgttgtctgtaatcttatatatttgcttctagtccctcatgtccctcacaccttgaatttcccttgtccagccctgtccaagacgttgctgattcctgcagaaccggagctgctactaatgtcatctttggccttgctctgggatacaaatctgtcattattcctatttttgctattgcttttagtattttcctcagcttcagccttgccgcaatgtacggtgtagctgtggctgcccttggaatgcttagcacaattgcaactggtcttgccattgatgcctatggccctatcagtgacaatgctggaggaattgctgagatggctggcatgagtcacagaattcgtgagagaactgatgctctggatgctgcaggaaacaccactgctgccatcgggaaggtaaaactgcttatcttgtcgaaagtgtttttatgttgtttttatgcttcatttccactctgaagtcaattaaaaatttaaaattgtgtttgcacttgtaaatatttttccttttgttacaaatgtcacaattttaaagttaattcccatctccatgattgtacttgtagggtttcgccattggctcggcagccttggtgtctcttgccctctttggtgcctttgtgagccgtgccgccatctccactgtcgatgttctgacacctaaagttttcattggactgattgttggtgctatgctcccatactggttctctgctatgaccatgaagagtgttggcagcgcagcgctcaagatggtggaggaagtccgtaggcagttcaactccatccctgggctcatggagggcacaaccaagcctgactacgcaacctgtgtgaagatctccactgatgcatccatcaaggagatgattcccccaggtgctcttgtcatgctcagccctctcattgttgggatcttctttggtgtcgagaccctctcaggactacttgctggtgctctcgtttctggtgttcaggttcgcacattctttttcacagccacactctcatcacttactcttgccatattgcattcataaccatgttgcttcctttcagattgccatctctgcatcaaacactggtggtgcctgggacaacgcaaagaagtacattgaggtaagaacttatcagccatcttccatcacagcaacacttgacgtcaagcagtttttttcccctcccatattcgccaaacattataactctcgttctccctggttttaggctggtgcatctgagcatgcaaggaccctgggcccgaaaggctcagactgccacaaggctgctgtgatcggcgacaccattggggatcctctcaaggacacctcaggcccctcgctcaacatcctcatcaagctgatggctgtcgagtcgctcgtgtttgccccgttcttcgccacccatggaggcatcctcttcaagtggttttagatggtgacgatagatttacgaggacgttatttttgccaggagggcgctggaaatcatccatatattatagagttcatcgagttgacacatatagttccctccgtttcctatttgttattactgtctgtccatcagtcgatcatgctaagcttattagcatcatacctgtgtctagtttttttgagtctggtagttgtagccgatgggagcaaatcactggccacctacaggtttggacaagagtaccttgaatttgcgttttcctgtaggttggatgatacgatgatggtgatgattattgtacgtgcacggaatgcacctgtctcagtgaaattttcccgggaaggttctgctgtttctttatgtccttgtgggaatgttaggatgatcttgtacaaaaaagaaaacaactctagtgatagggggtggagtacatgtgtgccaactaagtttgagttgtcttgaattattgaagtaaaatactttagctaaaatgacgtagtagtgcgtgtgcttgcttttgttttaagatagagaattatagtattattttgtatactatattttcctcctttcttgcttcgttcgtttcatattataagactttctagcagactcacattcatatatatggtaatgaatctaaatatatatgtgtgcctagatccattaataactatatgaatgtgggcaatgctagaaagttttataatatgaaacggaggtaataatatgaaatggaggcagtatcttatattttctttatcctaaataaataaatctaaatttctgg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001064719.1 RefSeq:Os06g0644200]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

File:Rice V-PPases phylogenic1.jpg

2015-03-23T09:25:23Z

Zhangye:

Os06g0603600

2015-03-23T08:15:33Z

Zhangye: Wang C, Wei Q, Zhang K, et al. Down-Regulation of OsSPX1 Causes High Sensitivity to Cold and Oxidative Stresses in Rice Seedlings[J]. PloS one, 2013, 8(12): e81849.

'''''OsSPX1''''' acts via a '''negative feedback loop''' to '''optimize growth under phosphate-limited conditions'''<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*''OsSPX1'' '''suppresses either Pi uptake''' or the '''transfer of Pi from the roots to the leaves'''. Rice PHO2 has a similar function to that of its ''Arabidopsis'' ortholog. ''OsSPX1'' plays a role in '''suppression of the Pi-starvation signal''', the suppression of OsSPX1 may have promoted Pi uptake by stimulating Pi transporters<ref name="ref1"/>.

*OsSPX1 is a '''negative regulator of OsPHR2''' and is involved in the feedback of Pi-signaling network in roots that is defined by OsPHR2 and OsPHO2<ref name="ref2"/>. OsSPX1 regulates OsSPX2, 3 and 5 at the transcription level and is positively involved in the responses of the genes to Pi-starvation<ref name="ref3"/>.

*OsSPX1 may be a '''regulator involved in the transcriptions of OsSPX2''', '''3''' and '''5'''<ref name="ref3"/>. OsSPX1 may play an '''important role in linking cold stress''' and '''Pi starvation signal transduction pathways'''<ref name="ref4"/>. OsSPX1 may be '''involved in cross-talks between oxidative stress''', '''cold stress''' and '''phosphate homeostasis''' in '''rice seedling leaves'''. Down-regulation of OsSPX1 causes high sensitivity to cold and oxidative stresses in rice seedlings<ref name="ref5"/>.

===Mutation===
*OsSPX1-Oe and OsSPX1-Ri<ref name="ref1"/>:
**OsSPX1-Oe:OsSPX1 overexpression construct
**OsSPX1-Ri:OsSPX1 RNA interference construct
**Expression of OsPT2 (phosphate transporter 2) and OsPT8 was '''significantly induced''' in OsSPX1-RNAi (OsSPX1-Ri) plants, suggesting that '''over-accumulation of Pi''' in OsSPX1-Ri plants results from an '''increase in Pi transport'''.
**'''Under Pi-sufficient conditions''', the OsSPX1-Oe plants '''accumulated a substantial amount of the transcript''', whereas the level of transcript was '''very low''' in wild-type (WT) and RNAi roots. Elimination of Pi from the nutrient solution for 5 days '''increased''' the expression of OsSPX1 mRNA in the roots of WT plants nearly 10-fold. Expression of OsSPX1 was '''suppressed by''' introduction of the RNAi construct '''under both Pi-sufficient and -deficient conditions'''.

*Transgenic tobacco plants with constitutive expression of OsSPX1 were '''more tolerant to cold stress''' than were wild-type plants, and showed '''better seedling survival''' and '''reduced cellular electrolyte leakage'''. In addition, there was decreased total leaf Pi content and accumulation of free proline and sucrose in transgenic tobacco plants during cold stress<ref name="ref4"/>.

*Transgenic lines and wild-type<ref name="ref5"/>:
**Down-regulation of OsSPX1 caused '''high sensitivity to cold and oxidative stresses''' in rice seedlings. Compared to wild-type and OsSPX1-sense transgenic lines, '''more hydrogen peroxide accumulated''' in '''seedling leaves''' of OsSPX1-antisense transgenic lines for controls, cold and methyl viologen (MV) treatments. Glutathione as a ROS scavenger could protect the antisense transgenic lines from cold and MV stress.

===Expression===
*OsSPX1, is '''specifically induced by Pi starvation''' in '''roots'''. '''Suppression''' of OsSPX1 by RNA interference resulted in '''severe signs of toxicity''' caused by the '''over-accumulation of Pi''', similar to that found in OsPHR2 overexpressors and pho2. '''Quantitative RT-PCR''' showed that expression of OsSPX1 was strongly induced in OsPHR2 overexpression and pho2 mutant plants, indicating that OsSPX1 '''occurs downstream of OsPHR2 and PHO2'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Overexpression of OsSPX1 suppressed the induction of expression by Pi starvation of all 10 phosphate starvation-induced genes tested: IPS1, IPS2, OsPAP10, OsSQD2, miR399d and miR399j, OsPT2, OsPT3, OsPT6 and OsPT8<ref name="ref1"/>. The quantitative real-time PCR results showed that OsSPX1 expression is increased in the pho2 mutant, indicating negative feedback regulation of OsPHO2 on OsSPX1<ref name="ref2"/>.

*'''Under Pi-sufficient conditions''', both overexpression and repression of OsSPX1 downregulated OsSPX2 '''in shoots'''. In roots OsSPX3 and OsSPX5 were '''downregulated by overexpression of OsSPX1''', Under Pi-starvation, overexpression of OsSPX1 '''aggravated the responses of OsSPX3 and OsSPX5 to Pi-starvation''', and repression of OsSPX1 reduced the responses of OsSPX2, 3, 5 and OsIPS1 to Pi-starvation in shoots. In roots, repression of OsSPX1 downregulated OsSPX2 and OsSPX3, and reduced the responses of OsSPX5 and OsIPS1 to Pistarvation<ref name="ref3"/>.

*Over-expression of OsSPX1 '''enhanced cold tolerance''' and '''affected gene expression of Pi starvation-related genes''' during cold stress in ''Arabidopsis''<ref name="ref4"/>. Rice whole genome GeneChip analysis showed that some oxidative-stress marker genes and Pi-signaling pathway related genes were '''significantly down-regulated by''' the antisense of OsSPX1<ref name="ref5"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
OsSPX1, is a '''nucleus localization protein'''<ref name="ref3"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: OsSPX1 phylogenic1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Phylogenetic tree of OsSPX1–6 and homologous proteins from other eukaryotes.(from reference <ref name="ref3"/>).'']]
Phylogenetic analysis for the SPX domain proteins of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and ''Arabidopsis'', IDS4 protein in barley (Hordeum vulgare) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), ADL143Wp in cotton (Ashbya gossypii) and PHO81 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) indicates that OsSPX members can be grouped into three subgroups. OsSPX4 is in the first subgroup with AtSPX4, ScPHO81, AgADL
and HvIDS-4, the second subgroup including OsSPX3,OsSPX5 and OsSPX6 closed to AtSPX3, and the third subgroup contains OsSPX1 and OsSPX2 with LeIDS4-like, AtSPX1 and AtSPX2. The results indicate the conservation of the SPX domain genes between monocot and dicot species (Figure 1)<ref name="ref3"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
[[File: OsSPX1 regulatory network.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 2.''' ''A suggested regulatory network of OsSPX1 and OsSPX3 on Pi-signaling and transcriptions of OsSPX2, 3 and 5.(from reference <ref name="ref3"/>).'']]
Six OsSPX genes with exclusive SPX domain were identified in rice. Five of the genes are responsive to Pistarvation in shoot and/or in root, indicating that the subset of SPX genes is involved in the Pi-signaling network in a complex regulatory system (Figure 2). OsSPX1, as a nucleus localization protein, regulates transcriptions of OsSPX2, 3 and 5. OsSPX3 negatively regulates OsIPS1 and may be involved
in the systemic regulatory network of OsIPS1, OsmiR399 andOsPHO2. OsSPX3 also functions on plant growth<ref name="ref3"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China, and
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
*State Key Laboratory for Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
*Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Centre for Plant Gene Research, Beijing 100080, China
*Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Wang C, Ying S, Huang H, et al. Involvement of OsSPX1 in phosphate homeostasis in rice[J]. The Plant Journal, 2009, 57(5): 895-904.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Liu F, Wang Z, Ren H, et al. OsSPX1 suppresses the function of OsPHR2 in the regulation of expression of OsPT2 and phosphate homeostasis in shoots of rice[J]. The Plant Journal, 2010, 62(3): 508-517.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Wang Z, Hu H, Huang H, et al. Regulation of OsSPX1 and OsSPX3 on Expression of OsSPX domain Genes and Pi‐starvation Signaling in Rice[J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2009, 51(7): 663-674.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Zhao L, Liu F, Xu W, et al. Increased expression of OsSPX1 enhances cold/subfreezing tolerance in tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Plant biotechnology journal, 2009, 7(6): 550-561.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Wang C, Wei Q, Zhang K, et al. Down-Regulation of OsSPX1 Causes High Sensitivity to Cold and Oxidative Stresses in Rice Seedlings[J]. PloS one, 2013, 8(12): e81849.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0603600|
Description = Similar to Ids4-like protein|
Version = NM_001064548.1 GI:115468827 GeneID:4341465|
Length = 4422 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0603600, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:24752547..24756968|
CDS = 24752765..24753222,24756265..24756397,24756499..24756795|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:24752547..24756968
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:24752547..24756968
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgaagtttgggaagagcctgagtagccagatcgtggagacgctcccggagtggcgggacaagttcttgtcgtacaaggatctcaagaagcggctcaagctgattggtgggggtgggggtggggaggagaggcaggcgaagcgggcacgcgttgcagcggatggcggcgaggaggaggccgccgccgcggcgatgacgcccgaggaggcgggcttcatgcggctcctggaggccgagctcgacaagttcaactccttcttcgtcgagaaggaggaggaatacatcatccgccagaaggagctgcaggacagggtggcgagggcggcggggagggagtcgaaggaggagctgatgcgggtgcgcaaggagatcgtcgacttccatggcgagatggtgctgctcgagaactacagcgccctcaactacaccggattagttaagattctcaagaagtatgacaagaggactggggctctgatccgtctgcctttcatccagaaagtgctacagcagcctttcttcaccactgacctcctgtacaagcttgtgaaacagtgtgaggccatgctggaccagcttctaccatcaaacgaactgtctgtatcgagtgaagatgggagaggcgatagcactaacgaggacaagccttcgaatcccagttcatccttggttaatggtggcactattccagagttagatgagatcgagtacatggaaagcatgtatatgaagggcacggtcgcggcgcttaggtctctgaaggagatccgaagcggaagctctactgttagtgcattctcattaccacctctccagggcgacagttcgccagaggagcagcaggaactgtggaataagattccggtgattgagcaggccgccaaatga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MKFGKSLSSQIVETLPEWRDKFLSYKDLKKRLKLIGGGGGGEER QAKRARVAADGGEEEAAAAAMTPEEAGFMRLLEAELDKFNSFFVEKEEEYIIRQKELQ DRVARAAGRESKEELMRVRKEIVDFHGEMVLLENYSALNYTGLVKILKKYDKRTGALI RLPFIQKVLQQPFFTTDLLYKLVKQCEAMLDQLLPSNELSVSSEDGRGDSTNEDKPSN PSSSLVNGGTIPELDEIEYMESMYMKGTVAALRSLKEIRSGSSTVSAFSLPPLQGDSS PEEQQELWNKIPVIEQAAK</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>3747..4204#572..704#174..470#attcccatcgtctccttcctcctctcccccgcatatcctccgcctccctttcccccctctcctcctcaaccctatttcaccaccacctccaccgctgccgcggcgagaattcgatcggttcttggcagccgtagtgcagttttgtgcagttttcttctctcttgttgttgaggatgaagtttgggaagagcctgagtagccagatcgtggagacgctcccggagtggcgggacaagttcttgtcgtacaaggatctcaagaagcggctcaagctgattggtgggggtgggggtggggaggagaggcaggcgaagcgggcacgcgttgcagcggatggcggcgaggaggaggccgccgccgcggcgatgacgcccgaggaggcgggcttcatgcggctcctggaggccgagctcgacaagttcaactccttcttcgtcgagaaggaggaggaatacatcatccgccagaaggtgcggcggtgatcgatcgccatttgtgcttcggttcgaatcttcttcttcttctcgagtttcttggttctgatttgggaaatcgacgctgtgtgtgtcaggagctgcaggacagggtggcgagggcggcggggagggagtcgaaggaggagctgatgcgggtgcgcaaggagatcgtcgacttccatggcgagatggtgctgctcgagaactacagcgccctcaactacaccggtgagtgtcccagtccacgcacttccccacccgccgcatcgcaacacccgtagttttcagttttcacatgtctttcactaattatattattgcaaagggttcgttagctgttgcttatgttgtttgttaactcttcttggaatgttctgtgaattggggaggtagtaataagagaggttggaaaaactggttaacatagtagtttagtatccttattagaattttttttgattggggaggtagtaagagaggtagaaaaaaattggttaatatagtagtttattagtgttctcagaaaggtaatttagcacgcatcatagagcaggcaggagtaatggaagtttcctgaacataggtcaagaaataggcgacttattgtggttgtgggcagctatggtttcgcatgtccgctacgcagcactcgtgtcgctgtcaaggagaatggatccttgtatggcaattcagtgcgcacacgtttttgctctctattgatgaatggatacttgaggttgggctcagcagctaatgttgggggcactgtatataaacagtttgttttctcgtgcgagacaagcaatttatagtatggccacatgagtgctaacattgtttatggtggagcactctgttcctttctgctgcaatttgaaatggtaacagtgtgtcatgcatccttctatcgtgaacagattttcctttgactcgctataagaaggtactccctccatcccaagatataagtatttctagctatgaatttggacaactgtgtccagattcatagccaaaagttgctatattttgggtcggaggtagtatataacaattgtaaacaaataggtcaaaaaatttatccttttcaacaggctgtaatacagttcgtcaccaaccaaatggtgcatagaagtttctacaagaaatatttgactaataattgacttggtatcagatattatcttggcaatatttttcactaaaaatacagtctgattcagggttcacatgatgatgcagtagtgtgtagtatagtatagtgaccttgccctctactgcagtgttccatggtagtctggtagattatctgcttccttacctgtccactggcagcatatgcagtgcatatgcaaagtaatgatgtacaactgtactgctttgctatttttcggttggcctttgttatgccttaatgctgagtggttgattttcctctttatcaatgtgagattgtgagtggcttctaatatctggaaattttcattcctagcctgggggttacaggttaatcatacaactcaattaaatctaggtcggtttctgttggcagttgggacgaaaattactcacttgaatatgatgttagagcatcatttctatcataagctccatagttgttttagaaatattgatttagtaagcagggcagcgtatgcctcccctcaccaaatccaaaattaaattcactatgcatcatttcaaagattgcctgaaattccgtagatgcattaataatactatatgcacaatttgcaaaaagttgggtgtacagtcatctgcagttagataaataaattaacttgttctaaattcccaggaagcattcacgcctgaaatactgtagtagacaagtttgcaggctaatttttgcaatatgttataaactatttcaaagacatttatagtttttatttttagtacggcgcaaaatacatatttggtaaacgggggcacatgcttcattgccaaatatttttcatcagttgacgagtcttctgattaaaagtcatgcctaacgaaacaagaaagtgcaattcatgttacgtttgtgatttgcgttccagctattgaaaataaaagaaattagttttgcatatcatctaaagatatggtattgctcaacagaaatttgtgtagctaatttcatgatcttcattagttgactcttttatgcttagctgagatgtgattgatggtcctaactttgcatgctattcgtcatcctagtgcttctttagtggactactttttaaagtcagttttttgctagctgcaatgaacttgaggctaatgagtaccttggttactgtgttattatgtgcttgtggacaatggtttcggtggacgtactgtgaaccagtgacctgtgaccactctttgtatcagcatcttgcttttttctgtttttcctttgcaagatgcaagttgatggtgtcacagacctatatggctatattgggccaggttaacacacactaatttggggagtcgacttttcgaatgtgaacacattctaaagatgaggatgtcacacaaaaagtaaatttgttgttttgcatcatgcaagcttagtatgttttgctcaaccaacagaacagaatgcaagttgcatgcttcttatatgcctgaagccctgaactggaatgtgttactgttaataaccatcattggtgctttgcaactgcacaatacatttctgctgccattttgctcatatcatgctggtctatttcgtatgcttatgcgaataagaaactatattagtgttgtacaactgtctgaaagttttctggttatcatttgcaatatgaaatgttatcctatctcaaccaaattgactagcatctcctttagtggcaatgtggtaccctttacacatcactaccatgctagctttcctgatatgaaaatttactggaccatgcctcacgagaattcaggttcattagctagggatgtgacaagttacaaatggttttggtgcctcagacagacagatgccacagcctgtaagccatacaagggcgtattttctatttccatcagtttgggcagatatcacctaaactaaaatgtttagtctgattgaaccactagcaatagctcatgtcagttatccctgtttattctcttgagggaaaactctttaagaaaagttgtgatattggaagtggattggatgctatttgaaatttggaagatgtaactcttgtactttgttttagattttcaccagttgatacttacgttccatgttgctgtttacaggattagttaagattctcaagaagtatgacaagaggactggggctctgatccgtctgcctttcatccagaaagtgctacagcagcctttcttcaccactgacctcctgtacaagcttgtgaaacagtgtgaggccatgctggaccagcttctaccatcaaacgaactgtctgtatcgagtgaagatgggagaggcgatagcactaacgaggacaagccttcgaatcccagttcatccttggttaatggtggcactattccagagttagatgagatcgagtacatggaaagcatgtatatgaagggcacggtcgcggcgcttaggtctctgaaggagatccgaagcggaagctctactgttagtgcattctcattaccacctctccagggcgacagttcgccagaggagcagcaggaactgtggaataagattccggtgattgagcaggccgccaaatgacacgaccggcatttcactacatggttatgtacactgcatgaccttgatcttgacatttgctggagatagtaccggggatctcattcccctgtcatatattcagtaatttgtatgattccaggattcctaacagttgtaaaatggtggacatgttcagtatacattgtaaaatcatagaaacccatcataaccatcagacagaactgagatgttttgat</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001064548.1 RefSeq:Os06g0603600]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

File:OsSPX1 regulatory network.jpg

2015-03-23T08:04:00Z

Zhangye:

File:OsSPX1 phylogenic1.jpg

2015-03-23T08:03:48Z

Zhangye:

Os06g0110200

2015-03-23T02:41:37Z

Zhangye:

'''''OsLEA4''''' is a '''late embryogenesis abundant''' (LEA) '''protein gene''' from rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*''OsLEA4'' is one of the '''important components in cellular glasses''' which '''may retain water molecules''', '''prevent crystallization''' of the cellular components, and '''stabilize desiccation-sensitive proteins''' as well as plasma membranes during dehydration. ''OsLEA4'' protein '''enhanced the tolerance''' of '''''E. coli''''' recombinant to '''high salinity''', '''heat''', '''freezing''', and '''UV radiation''', which suggested that OsLEA4 protein may play a '''protective role''' under stressed conditions<ref name="ref1"/>.

*It is speculated that ''OsLEA4'' in '''association with other factors''' has a '''potential role''' in '''protecting cellular components against ROS-induced damage'''; OsLEA4 might have an additional role as repair mechanisms in '''eliminating the thymine dimer''' resulting from the photochemical injury '''caused by UV radiation'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0009790 GO:0009790]

===Expression===
*OsLEA4 protein '''contains a Pfam''':LEA_1 domain architecture at positions 1–73 with three α-helical domains and without β-sheet domain. OsLEA4 fusion protein could be '''expressed effectively''' and is soluble, which was concordant with the predicted result that OsLEA4 is hydrophilicity.

*Overexpression of OsLEA4 can improve the tolerance of recombinant E. coli under extreme abiotic stresses including high salinity, heat, freezing, and UV radiation, suggesting that OsLEA4 gene may play '''role in plant’s ability''' to '''adapt to adverse environments'''. It might be '''more advantageous to cope''' with those varying circumstances<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
*The '''sequence analysis''' indicated that the complete ORF of OsLEA4 cDNA is 312 bp and '''encodes a putative polypeptide''' of 103 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 11.19 kDa. The OsLEA4 '''polypeptide''' shows preponderance of Ala (22%), Lys (15%), Glu (9%), His (8%), Thr (8%), and Arg (7%) but depleted in Trp, Cys, Asn, and Phe residues. The OsLEA4 is a basic protein with a theoretical pI of 10.04, which is concordant with the high proportion of positive residues(29%)<ref name="ref1"/>.

*OsLEA4 '''belongs to the group 4B'''. Like most members of the group 4B, there is not any β-sheet domain in OsLEA4. OsLEA4 contains three α-helical domains in the N-terminal “LEA_1” motif<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*Four (11.8%) of the OsLEA genes were found to have alternative splicing, which results in either two (for OsLEA8, OsLEA14, and OsLEA19) or three (for OsLEA7) forms of mature mRNA. This frequency of alternative splicing is much lower than the average (27%) occurred in the rice genome<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/>. In general, the OsLEA genes contain very few introns. Most (22/34 or 64.7%) of them contain only one intron; seven (20.6%) have two introns; and five (14.7%) have no intron<ref name="ref2"/>. LEA proteins are late embryogenesis abundant in the seeds of many higher plants and are probably universal in occurrence in plant seeds<ref name="ref4"/>.

*LEA mRNAs and proteins can be induced to appear at other stages in the plant's life by desiccation stress and/or treatment with the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA). A role in protecting plant structures during water loss is likely for these proteins, with ABA functioning in the stress transduction process. Presented here are conserved tracts of amino acid sequence among LEA proteins from several species that may represent domains functionally important in desiccation protection<ref name="ref4"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People’s Republic of China
*School of Life Science and Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, People’s Republic of China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Hu T, Zeng H, He S, et al. Molecular Analysis of OsLEA4 and Its Contributions to Improve E. coli Viability[J]. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2012, 166(1): 222-233.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Wang X S, Zhu H B, Jin G L, et al. Genome-scale identification and analysis of LEA genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Plant science, 2007, 172(2): 414-420.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Kikuchi S, Satoh K, Nagata T, et al. Collection, mapping, and annotation of over 28,000 cDNA clones from japonica rice[J]. Science, 2003, 301(5631): 376-379.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Dure III L, Crouch M, Harada J, et al. Common amino acid sequence domains among the LEA proteins of higher plants[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 1989, 12(5): 475-486.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0110200|
Description = Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) group 1 family protein|
Version = NM_001063116.1 GI:115465963 GeneID:4339887|
Length = 554 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0110200, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:592578..593131|
CDS = 592662..592973|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:592578..593131
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:592578..593131
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcaggcggtgaaggagaaggtgaaggacaaggtgagcgcggtgaaggcgaaggggaaggtgagcaaggccaaggccgacgagaagaaggaggtggcgacggcgaggtcccacgccgagagggagctggcgcacgagcgcgctaaggccagggtcgccgccgccaagatggagctgcaccaggacaaggccctccaccgcgaggaggccatccagcacaggctccataagcatggcgccggaaccaccgccggcgttcgtccgaccgccgcggcgccggcgccgcacctcccacctgctagctactactag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MQAVKEKVKDKVSAVKAKGKVSKAKADEKKEVATARSHAERELA HERAKARVAAAKMELHQDKALHREEAIQHRLHKHGAGTTAGVRPTAAAPAPHLPPASY Y</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>85..396#atacgcactgcaagcttagcttggtgaggatcgatcgatcggagaagatcatcagattgataattaaagtaagaaaggtcgaggatgcaggcggtgaaggagaaggtgaaggacaaggtgagcgcggtgaaggcgaaggggaaggtgagcaaggccaaggccgacgagaagaaggaggtggcgacggcgaggtcccacgccgagagggagctggcgcacgagcgcgctaaggccagggtcgccgccgccaagatggagctgcaccaggacaaggccctccaccgcgaggaggccatccagcacaggctccataagcatggcgccggaaccaccgccggcgttcgtccgaccgccgcggcgccggcgccgcacctcccacctgctagctactactagtagctagtatgcacgcatgtctctctgtgctgctaattatcgtaacagtttccactaatcaatctacttacaataaataataagccagccagtgtgcatgtaatctgtactgtgtgccagacaagatatcagtgatatatctatcgaggttgttaatt</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001063116.1 RefSeq:Os06g0110200]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

Os05g0138300

2015-03-22T13:06:46Z

Zhangye:

'''''OsLti6b''''' '''may act downstream''' of the '''signaling pathway''' involving '''rice orthologues of CBF1/DREB1b'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*Two '''closely related genes''' ([[Os07g0635900|''OsLti6a'']], ''OsLti6b''), which are '''induced by low temperature''' during '''seedling emergence''' were '''isolated from''' a cold tolerant temperate japonica rice cultivar<ref name="ref2"/>.

*''Oslti6'' genes are '''part of a battery of cold stress defense-related genes regulated by''' a '''common switch'''. The products of the cold-inducible ''OsLti6a'' and ''OsLti6b'' genes '''may''' be '''involved in a mechanism''' that '''prevent extensive membrane destabilization during cold stress'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Both OsLti6a and OsLti6b could '''functionally complement''' the '''phenotypes''' of '''membrane hyperpolarization''' and '''salt sensitivity''' resulting from deletion of PMP3 in yeast<ref name="ref3"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005554,[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016021 GO:0016021]

===Mutation===
OsLti6b transgenic plants<ref name="ref1"/>:
*The '''wilting ratio''' of the WT was 59/69 after 2 days of stress, and then '''increased''' to 65/66 after 3.5 days.
*When two sense plants were subjected to 3.5 days of '''cold temperatures''', the '''wilting phenotype''' was observed in 32 out of 59 for Plant S6 and 23 out of 58 for Plant S7.
*These '''frequencies''' were '''much lower''', and '''statistically different''', than those recorded for the WT and NT plants.
*'''Leaf tissues''' of the line could be '''less damaged''' than those of WT and NT plants by the treatment. For the antisense line, no significant differences were detected between the transgenic and WT plants under the same conditions.

===Expression===
*Os05g0138300, '''annotated as hydrophobic protein RCI2A '''(Low temperature and salt responsive protein LTI6A), and Os08g0408500, a pathogenesis-related transcriptional factor and ERF domain containing protein, were '''both induced''' when rice varieties grown '''under salt stress''', suggesting that these genes are '''involved in stress signalling''' in both species<ref name="ref4"/>.

*''OsLti6a'' and ''OsLti6b'' '''exhibit a genotype-specific expression signature''' characterized by '''early and late stress-inducible expression''' in tolerant and intolerant genotypes, respectively. The differences in temporal expression profiles are consistent with cultivar differences in cold-induced membrane leakiness and seedling vigor. The '''presence of CRT/DRE promoter cis-elements''' is consistent with the synchronized expression of ''OsLti6'' genes with the Crepeat binding factor/drought responsive element-binding protein (CBF/DREB) transcriptional activator<ref name="ref2"/>.

*The two cDNAs, ''OsLti6a'' and ''OsLti6b'', exhibited tissue-specific differential expression with the '''former''' showing high expression '''only in shoots''' and the '''latter in both shoots''' and '''roots''' of '''cold stressed S3 seedlings'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

*The transcript of ''OsLti6b'' is '''increased by cold''', '''salt''', '''drought''', or '''ABA treatments'''. In situ hybridization indicated that this transcript is '''highly accumulated''' in the '''ovaries''' and '''stamens''' of '''cold-treated flowers''', particularly in the '''anther walls''' and '''vascular tissues''' of the '''filaments'''. ''OsLti6b'' is '''highly expressed in CBF1/DREB1b transgenic rice'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Overexpression of ''OsLti6b'' '''increased cold tolerance''' as revealed by '''seedling wilting rates''' and '''ion leakages of mature leaves''', demonstrating that the extent of the tolerance correlates well with its expression level<ref name="ref1"/>.

*In rice, OsLti6a and OsLti6b exhibit a genotype-specific expression signature characterized by early and late stress-inducible expression in tolerant and intolerant genotypes, respectively<ref name="ref3"/>.

===Localization===
''OsLti6a'' and ''OsLti6b'' genes have two potential transmembrane helices covering most of the polypeptide length without organellar localization signals, indicating that they are '''localized in the plasma membrane'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Evolution===
*''OsLti6a'' and ''OsLti6b'' encode small molecular weight polypeptides of 6.2 and 6.0 kDa, respectively, and which are '''85% identical''' and '''92% similar''' to '''each other'''. The genes are '''highly conserved across evolutionary kingdoms''' with '''orthologous copies''' in a number of plant species (monocots and dicots) as well as lower forms of eukaryotes<ref name="ref2"/>.

*The ''OsLti6a'' and ''OsLti6b'' are '''most closely related to''' the Rare Cold Inducible genes, ''RCI2B'' and ''RCI2A'', respectively. Both polypeptides are '''highly hydrophobic''' based on grand average hydropathicity values of 1.51 and 1.42, respectively<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*Differential display is an effective tool for isolating cold-inducible genes in the reproductive organs of rice. Among those genes, OsLti6b has now been characterized from transgenic plants<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
*Faculty of Biological Resources Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561-756, Korea
*Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, 5735 Hitchner Hall, ME 04469, USA
*Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
*Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea
*Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
*College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, China
*Asian Natural Environmental Science Center (ANESC), the University of Tokyo, Japan, 3Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Kim S H, Kim J Y, Kim S J, et al. Isolation of cold stress-responsive genes in the reproductive organs, and characterization of the OsLti6b gene from rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Plant cell reports, 2007, 26(7): 1097-1110.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Morsy M R, Almutairi A M, Gibbons J, et al. The OsLti6 genes encoding low-molecular-weight membrane proteins are differentially expressed in rice cultivars with contrasting sensitivity to low temperature[J]. Gene, 2005, 344: 171-180.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Chang-Qing Z, Shunsaku N, Shenkui L, et al. Characterization of two plasma membrane protein 3 genes (PutPMP3) from the alkali grass, Puccinellia tenuiflora, and functional comparison of the rice homologues, OsLti6a/b from rice[J]. BMB reports, 2008, 41(6): 448-454.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Casu R, Hotta C T, Souza G M, et al. Functional genomics: transcriptomics of sugarcane-current status and future prospects[J]. Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Sugarcane, 2010: 167-191.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os05g0138300|
Description = Hydrophobic protein LTI6B (Low temperature-induced protein 6B)|
Version = NM_001061126.1 GI:115461982 GeneID:4337750|
Length = 865 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os05g0138300, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 5|Chromosome 5]]|
AP = Chromosome 5:2197781..2198645|
CDS = 2198224..2198307,2198424..2198507|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008398:2197781..2198645
source=RiceChromosome05
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008398:2197781..2198645
source=RiceChromosome05
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcgggaacggcgaactgcatcgacatcctcatcgccatcatcctcccgcccctcggcgtcttcctcaagttcggatgcgggcatgagttctggatctgcctgttgctcaccttcctcggctacatccccggcatcatctacgccatctacgccatcaccaagtaa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAGTANCIDILIAIILPPLGVFLKFGCGHEFWICLLLTFLGYIP GIIYAIYAITK</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>339..422#139..222#gttcagagttgcccactgctactttactttgcagctattttgcttctgcttcttcttgttcttgttgctgttggtaatactgcgagagaaattaatcagtagagtgttcatctactatcaatttttgatcgaggagagatggcgggaacggcgaactgcatcgacatcctcatcgccatcatcctcccgcccctcggcgtcttcctcaagttcggatgcggggtaattatggagtacctaattaaattactctctgttaccttagtttcttccatgccttttgcttaatttggtcgatcgatttgctcttgctaattaacttgcacatatatatgcagcatgagttctggatctgcctgttgctcaccttcctcggctacatccccggcatcatctacgccatctacgccatcaccaagtaattcatcattagttactacatcatcaaccaaatcctcaaggtgaagtagtgaaatcgaattccctaatctacctcctcctagctaattcatcaaaacttcacttaatatttttccacacatatcaatctaaagtttcctttgttttctggatgtatgtatgcagggatgggctccaaaccgcttcatctatcttctcgattgccgtgtgcttgttggaatttggaaatgatatatgcatccaaaattcagtcctgagtgctccaattcttgtcatctagtcattttcaatgtccccccagtctcttcctctaatgtttgatgatatgtagaatctcttgctgttaatctgttgctttcgtgtgaataagctcccctcttatgtatatctatctatgacttgttttactagtaaacttgattattgagagcttgagacttgcttc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001061126.1 RefSeq:Os05g0138300]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 5]]
[[Category:Chromosome 5]]

Os05g0129300

2015-03-12T09:33:27Z

Zhangye:

The rice gene Os05g0129300 was reported as '''''LIP19''''' in 2005<ref name="ref1"/> and 1993<ref name="ref2"/>, '''''OsbZIP38''''' in 2008<ref name="ref3"/>, respectively.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*The rice low-temperature-induced ''lip19'' gene encodes a 148-amino-acid basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) protein, termed ''LIP19''. It '''lacks the usual ability of bZIP proteins''' to '''homodimerize''' and to '''bind DNA''', as does the Fos protein in mammals. Once the temperature returns to 25°C, the instability of ''LIP19'' may '''switch off''' this '''low-temperature signaling'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The protein–protein interaction in homo- and hetero-combinations between ''LIP19'' and ''OsOBF1'' was confirmed in vitro and in planta. ''LIP19'' and ''OsOBF1'' most likely '''interact with each other''' more strongly than ''OsOBF1'' '''interacts with itself''', and the resulting heterodimer '''binds to the C/G hybrid sequence''' but not to the hexamer sequence<ref name="ref1"/>.

*''Lip19'' is '''a transcriptional factor''' that is '''positively controlled by low temperature'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005634 GO:0005634],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043565 GO:0043565], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046983 GO:0046983]

===Expression===
*The expression patterns of ''lip19'' and ''OsOBF1'' in '''response to low temperatures''' were totally '''opposite'''. '''In leaf blades''' of rice plants exposed to 5°C for 24 h, ''lip19'' transcripts were '''abundantly''' and '''primarily''' detected in '''mesophyll cells surrounding vascular bundles'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Expression of lipI9 is '''positively regulated by low temperature''', but '''not affected by high temperature'''. Expression of rice lipl9 was markedly induced by low temperature not only in '''scutellum-derived suspension cells''', but also in '''plantlets'''<ref name="ref2"/>. It should be noted that ''OsbZIP38'' (up-regulated under cold treatment) corresponds to the earlier identified rice low-temperature-induced LIP19 gene<ref name="ref3"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
Both LIP19 and OsOBF1 '''localized in the nuclei'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
*Sequencing and primer extension analyses showed that ''lip19'' has a long 5' non-coding sequence followed by a single open reading frame specifying a protein of 148 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of the protein, Lip19, shows at its amino-terminus a conserved basic region followed by a "leucine-zipper" domain. The reported '''sequence most similar to ''Lip19''''' is '''maize ''OCSBF-1''''', which is a bZip-type DNA binding protein<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Searches of the current database showed that ''lipi9'' shared '''53.5% homology''' at the nucleotide sequence level with the maize OCSBF-1 gene. The nucleotide sequences of the coding regions for the lipl9 and OCSBF-1 gene products showed '''64.2% homology'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*bZIP transcription factors have been characterized in different plant species and linked to various developmental and physiological processes. An extensive study of 89 rice bZIP genes has been performed in terms of structure, phylogeny, sequence, and expression analyses<ref name="ref3"/>.

*Structural differences between different OsbZIP members have been studied and an attempt made to link them to their functional roles in rice in a meaningful manner<ref name="ref3"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577 Japan
*Botanisches Institut, Goethe-Universität, Postfach 11 19 32, D-60054, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
*Winter Stress Laboratory, National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Hitsujigaoka 1, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, 062-8555 Japan

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Shimizu H, Sato K, Berberich T, et al. LIP19, a basic region leucine zipper protein, is a Fos-like molecular switch in the cold signaling of rice plants[J]. Plant and cell physiology, 2005, 46(10): 1623-1634.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Aguan K, Sugawara K, Suzuki N, et al. Low-temperature-dependent expression of a rice gene encoding a protein with a leucine-zipper motif[J]. Molecular and General Genetics MGG, 1993, 240(1): 1-8.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Nijhawan A, Jain M, Tyagi A K, et al. Genomic survey and gene expression analysis of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor family in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2008, 146(2): 333-350.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os05g0129300|
Description = Basic/leucine zipper protein|
Version = NM_001061079.1 GI:115461888 GeneID:4337699|
Length = 1374 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os05g0129300, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 5|Chromosome 5]]|
AP = Chromosome 5:1695754..1697127|
CDS = 1696307..1696753|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008398:1695754..1697127
source=RiceChromosome05
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008398:1695754..1697127
source=RiceChromosome05
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgtcgtcgccttcgcgccggagctccagcccggagagcaacaccagcggcggcggcggtggcgccgacgagcggaagaggaagaggatgctgtcgaacagggagtcggcgaggcgatccagggcgaggaagcagcagaggctggaggagctgatcgccgaggcggcgcgcctccaggccgagaacgcgcgcgtcgaggcgcagatcggggcctacgcgggggagctgagcaaggtcgacggcgagaacgcggtgctccgcgcccgccacggcgagctcgccgggcgcctccaggcgctcggcagcgtcctggagatcctccaggtggccggcgcgcccgtcgacatcccggagatccccgacgacccgctgctccgcccatggcagccgccgttcgcggcccagcccatcgtcgccaccgccatggccgacgccttccagttctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MSSPSRRSSSPESNTSGGGGGADERKRKRMLSNRESARRSRARK QQRLEELIAEAARLQAENARVEAQIGAYAGELSKVDGENAVLRARHGELAGRLQALGS VLEILQVAGAPVDIPEIPDDPLLRPWQPPFAAQPIVATAMADAFQF</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>554..1000#ttccccatccgtctaattgcgccccttatgcattagagcccccggagtcccctctgtttcgcagataagtcctttggttcccatctttttattacattcaggtcctcctagtttcttttcctttcgagtctactccttgcattcttgcgaggaagcccctcgggttggtcgaattttagtttccactccctctcctcggggagtcgttgctgttcttgttcttggtcgaggttgaggttggtggcgtagatccgatctgaggaatgtttacctatcctttcctctaacgttcgccgtactccgatgaagttgaacgtgctccgccgccgccgttcccactccttctccgtcgccttcctctactggttctacgtcttctcatgaactcatcgccttcctcccaagaacaccatctccagcctctaattgattatatcttgatttctttttcatcctcctactagtttctttcttgtgttctttggaatttttttgatctcttgaagagatccggttcttggattaagttttggacaagaaccgtactgtgaccatgtcgtcgccttcgcgccggagctccagcccggagagcaacaccagcggcggcggcggtggcgccgacgagcggaagaggaagaggatgctgtcgaacagggagtcggcgaggcgatccagggcgaggaagcagcagaggctggaggagctgatcgccgaggcggcgcgcctccaggccgagaacgcgcgcgtcgaggcgcagatcggggcctacgcgggggagctgagcaaggtcgacggcgagaacgcggtgctccgcgcccgccacggcgagctcgccgggcgcctccaggcgctcggcagcgtcctggagatcctccaggtggccggcgcgcccgtcgacatcccggagatccccgacgacccgctgctccgcccatggcagccgccgttcgcggcccagcccatcgtcgccaccgccatggccgacgccttccagttctgagccaccatggagagctcgcacgccatggccattggcatcaatggcatggttgcagctgcattacaactagtagtactagcctctgtggttgtgtctgatgatgcttattatgtttaattatggtttgcttcatgttgttttcattaatctagaccattaataagcaatgtgtgttgtaatcttgtctagtcttatgtgagatgtgttcatctccagtgctccttgctaataagggtggaagagaacaatccgatttgatgtaattcttggagagcacatgtgtgctggtttgtgatgtgatgaactgatgattgtaatattttgacattgaacctatgctataatgtttgcagcaatgaatctatccttgtgtc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001061079.1 RefSeq:Os05g0129300]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 5]]
[[Category:Chromosome 5]]

Os03g0277000

2015-03-12T05:42:03Z

Zhangye:

'''''OsGDI3''''' functions as a '''negative regulator''' of ''OsMAPK2'' through '''modulating its kinase activity'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*''OsGDI3'' '''facilitates''' the '''recycling''' of '''''OsRab11''''' with a help of '''''OsGAP1'''''. ''OsGDI3'' complement the yeast ''sec19-1'' mutant, a '''temperature-sensitive allele''' of the yeast GDI gene, suggesting that ''OsGDI3'' is a '''functional ortholog of yeast GDI'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*''OsGDI3'' '''interacts with several OsRab proteins''', including '''''OsRab2''''', '''''OsRab5''''', '''''OsRab7''''' and '''''OsRab11'''''. ''OsGDI3'' '''negatively regulates''' the activity of ''OsMAPK2'', the autophosphorylation activity of ''OsMAPK2'' is inhibited by ''OsGDI3'' in vitro. SCR2 and/or SCR3 region in OsGDI3 is necessary for physical interaction with OsMAPK2 and inhibition of OsMAPK2 activity. ''OsGDI3'' can play a role in '''decreasing the MAPK activity''' in ''Arabidopsis''<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005093 GO:0005093],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015031 GO:0015031], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043087 GO:0043087]

===Expression===
Ectopic expressions of ''OsGDI3'' in ''Arabidopsis'' cause '''reductions''' at the level of '''phosphorylated AtMPK''' in '''phosphorylation activity'''.

===Knowledge Extension===
*GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) plays an essential role in regulating the state of bound nucleotides and subcellular localizations of Rab proteins. An approximation of the three-dimensional structure of the Ga subunit has been developed on the basis ofthe crystal structure of the small, G protein Ras and ofelongation factor TU, another GTP binding protein<ref name="ref2"/>.
*Ras ordinarily GTP very slowly. The rate of hydrolysis is accelerated by interaction with another protein called the GTPase activating protein(GAP)<ref name="ref2"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Republic of Korea
*Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21), Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Heo J B, Yi Y B, Bahk J D. Rice GDP dissociation inhibitor 3 inhibits OsMAPK2 activity through physical interaction[J]. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2011, 414(4): 814-819.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Simon M I, Strathmann M P, Gautam N. Diversity of G proteins in signal transduction[J]. Science, 1991, 252(5007): 802-808.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os03g0277000|
Description = Similar to GDP dissociation inhibitor protein OsGDI1|
Version = NM_001056252.1 GI:115452232 GeneID:4332418|
Length = 3399 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os03g0277000, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 3|Chromosome 3]]|
AP = Chromosome 3:9443012..9446410|
CDS = 9443172..9443231,9443340..9443414,9443491..9443701,9443836..9443960,9444049..9444150 ,9444233..9444295,9444374..9444454,9444805..9444916,9445011..9445183 ,9445279..9445386,9445466..9445549,9445688..9445750,9446209..9446295 |
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008396:9443012..9446410
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008396:9443012..9446410
source=RiceChromosome03
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggatgaggagtacgacgtgatcgtgctggggacggggctcaaggagtgcatcatcagcggcctcctctccgtcgatggcctcaaggtccttcacatggacaggaacgattactatggaggagaatctacatcccttaatctcactaagctctggaagagattcaaaggcaacgagaccgctcctgaacatctgggtgtcagcaaggagtacaatgttgacatggttcccaagttcatgatggccaacggtgcactggtccgtgtactcatccacacgagtgtgacaaagtatctgaatttcaaggctgtcgacggcagcttcgtgtacaacaatggcaagatccacaaagttcctgcaactgatgtcgaggccttgaaatctaatctaatgggcctttttgaaaagcgccgtgctaggaaattcttcatatacgtgcaggattacgaagaggatgatccaaagtcacacgaaggcctggatctgcacaaggtcacgacgagagaagtcatctccaagtatggcctcgaggatgacacagtggactttattgggcatgcattggcacttcatcgagatgataactatctcgatgaacctgcaattgacactgtgaaaaggatgaagctttacgcagaatcactcgctcgttttcaaggaggatcaccttatatctaccctctgtatgggctagcagagctccctcaggcctttgctcgtttgagtgctgtttatggtggcacatacatgctaaacaaagcagaatgcaaggttgagtttgatgaaaatgggaaagcatacggtgtcacttccgagggggagactgcaaaatgcaagaaggttgtctgtgacccttcatacttgcctgacaaggtgaagaaggttggaagggtggcgcgtgcaatatgcataatgaagcatccgattcctgacaccaaggattctcattccgtgcagatcatcctcccaaagaaacagctgaagcgcaaatcagacatgtacgtgttctgttgctcatatgctcacaacgttgcaccaaaaggcaagttcatcgcctttgtttctacggaagcagaggctgacaagcctgagatcgagctgaaacctgggatcgatctgctcggacctgtagaggaaacattttttgacatctatgaccgatacgaacctactaataccgctgacgaggacaactgcttcgtgacaaatagttacgatgcaactactcattttgagacaacggtgaaggatgtgcttgcattgtacagcaagatcactgggaaggaacttgatctttctgtggatctgaatgctgctagtgctgctgaatctgaagcggcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MDEEYDVIVLGTGLKECIISGLLSVDGLKVLHMDRNDYYGGEST SLNLTKLWKRFKGNETAPEHLGVSKEYNVDMVPKFMMANGALVRVLIHTSVTKYLNFK AVDGSFVYNNGKIHKVPATDVEALKSNLMGLFEKRRARKFFIYVQDYEEDDPKSHEGL DLHKVTTREVISKYGLEDDTVDFIGHALALHRDDNYLDEPAIDTVKRMKLYAESLARF QGGSPYIYPLYGLAELPQAFARLSAVYGGTYMLNKAECKVEFDENGKAYGVTSEGETA KCKKVVCDPSYLPDKVKKVGRVARAICIMKHPIPDTKDSHSVQIILPKKQLKRKSDMY VFCCSYAHNVAPKGKFIAFVSTEAEADKPEIELKPGIDLLGPVEETFFDIYDRYEPTN TADEDNCFVTNSYDATTHFETTVKDVLALYSKITGKELDLSVDLNAASAAESEAA</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>3180..3239#2997..3071#2710..2920#2451..2575#2261..2362#2116..2178#1957..2037#1495..1606#1228..1400#1025..1132#862..945#661..723#116..202#gaacgcccagcgagcggaggagaggagaggagatcagggggaggaagggtggccggcgcagcagatcggggcgggcggatttaggggaggagcgcgctagccgggagcggcggcgatggatgaggagtacgacgtgatcgtgctggggacggggctcaaggagtgcatcatcagcggcctcctctccgtcgatggcctcaaggtgaccgaatcccatctccaatctctcgaatgcaccctctgattgcaactcgacaatgcgttctactgctgctggtgcgtgcgtccgcattagtagatctcacggtgctgaaagtgagattttgtttcgtgctgctggaaaatttggatggttttacgcgtacgaatgtgaaatgtgtacctagactggatggcattgctgttgttcaggaacacaaatggcaagatcagagaaatattaggatttgctttctttctctttaaagaagaaaaactcgcacatatcttctacagattctcaacataaatctcgaccccagttaaaattataaaaaaaatggaatgatctcataagatcctactagtatattttagtggctgcccttttagacaaaaggaacaatgtacagttgtacactatcaagtcactgtttttgtctcgttcttgtgtatatacaggtccttcacatggacaggaacgattactatggaggagaatctacatcccttaatctcactaaggtgtgataacgtgatcatcttgccaacatttctttctctgtgcagtatataggaagaactgcaaagaccatgtaattttttcagcaaatctgatgttgtgttatctaatatttttctccgttcatatgatatgtatagctctggaagagattcaaaggcaacgagaccgctcctgaacatctgggtgtcagcaaggagtacaatgttgacatggttcccaaggtccgtcatcactggagcgttctctatcttccctgaatttttgcttacacgcaacttgctacaaattattcgtctgcagttcatgatggccaacggtgcactggtccgtgtactcatccacacgagtgtgacaaagtatctgaatttcaaggctgtcgacggcagcttcgtgtacaacaatggcaaggtgtggatctgatattcatatgttatgcaactgtcaaacattggtgcattttctgaattactgagtcacctttatttgtttggcgataccgacagatccacaaagttcctgcaactgatgtcgaggccttgaaatctaatctaatgggcctttttgaaaagcgccgtgctaggaaattcttcatatacgtgcaggattacgaagaggatgatccaaagtcacacgaaggcctggatctgcacaaggtcacgacgagagaagtcatctcgtaagttgactaagttgctgactgttaacaaacagaaaacaagttgtattttgccaccatttcttatgcaggcgttatgatgtttgcttgtcagcaagtatggcctcgaggatgacacagtggactttattgggcatgcattggcacttcatcgagatgataactatctcgatgaacctgcaattgacactgtgaaaaggatgaaggtactatatgccccctaactcaagaaaacatttgagtctgcgtatattctgctcactgttgaaaacaacgatgctttgatcaattctctatgcaccacaactatatagtcaaaaaaaatccgagtgttatgcacttatgctgttgatttagttaatggttagttgttcttaacctcgtggccagatgaagtgattgggtgcccttatgataatgttcagtctattttatggaataaaaaatatatgattccacatggcagatgattgcaaatatatcatcagcttatattgccgtgcatgtggaaggtggaattaacatccgatcctcacatttgtatctgtttcaatagctttacgcagaatcactcgctcgttttcaaggaggatcaccttatatctaccctctgtatgggctagcagagctccctcaggtatgctcagttcaaataatctggattctccacacagcttcagcttcattccagctgaaactctgcatattgtaataggcctttgctcgtttgagtgctgtttatggtggcacatacatgctaaacaaagcagaatgcaaggtaaccgaagcattgctcagatgctactttggtactttccaactatccagatgaatgcttataattctacggtcgttggcaggttgagtttgatgaaaatgggaaagcatacggtgtcacttccgagggggagactgcaaaatgcaagaaggttgtctgtgacccttcatacttgcctgacaaggtatttataccatttagactcattttgagatattcaggttcaatttatggtagtatatctacttaaattcctgtcaacaaatgaacaggtgaagaaggttggaagggtggcgcgtgcaatatgcataatgaagcatccgattcctgacaccaaggattctcattccgtgcagatcatcctcccaaagaaacagctgaagcgcaaatcagacatgtaagcaatttactcgtccctcagttcttgctgcaacgacagccatcaaagtctattgctccatttctgagaacttatagcgttcagatattgcataattcacactattgcatatgtttcatgtttggtttcaggtacgtgttctgttgctcatatgctcacaacgttgcaccaaaaggcaagttcatcgcctttgtttctacggaagcagaggctgacaagcctgagatcgagctgaaacctgggatcgatctgctcggacctgtagaggaaacattttttgacatctatgaccgatacgaacctactaataccgctgacgaggacaactgcttcgtgacaaatgtaagttcagcaaatcagcaatttctctactcggccacactgcagtattgttgatgagcaccttcggttcttacagagttacgatgcaactactcattttgagacaacggtgaaggatgtgcttgcattgtacagcaagatcactgggaaggtaatcacatgaaaaatattaccaagttcaatacagaagcatactactattagatcaagcatgcgtttagttgaaattttttgtaacagcttgcacttatcaatgcaggaacttgatctttctgtggatctgaatgctgctagtgctgctgaatctgaagcggcctgagcgatagctacttcttccaattccttttattctttcatagatggatctgttcaattaaactacttcttgctattccagttccatttgaccttactgaaacaaagtacagtatcacggatttatatataattaaataatcttcatatattcttgcctgcat</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001056252.1 RefSeq:Os03g0277000]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
[[Category:Chromosome 3]]

Os02g0622100

2015-03-12T05:06:54Z

Zhangye:

''LTG1'' '''affects rice growth''' at '''LT''' via an '''auxin-dependent process'''(es)<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*A functional nucleotide polymorphism was identified in the coding region of LTG1, causing a single amino acid substitution (I357K) that is '''associated with the growth rate''', heading date and yield of rice plants grown at LT. LTG1 plays an '''important role''' in the '''adaptive growth''' and '''fitness''' of '''rice cultivars''' under conditions of '''low ambient temperature'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004672 GO:0004672],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004674 GO:0004674], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006468 GO:0006468], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005524 GO:0005524],

===Mutation===
''ltg1'' allele<ref name="ref1"/>:
*Phylogenetic analysis of this locus suggests that the ''ltg1'' haplotype arose before the domestication of rice in tropical climates. LTG1 (Low Temperature Growth 1) allele are '''more tolerant to LT''', than those with the ''ltg1'' allele.

===Expression===
*The expression of ''LTG1'' is not regulated by temperature, and therefore is unlikely to account for the LT sensitivity. The polymorphism at nucleotide 1070 in LTG1 represents a functional nucleotide polymorphism (FNP) responsible for the LT tolerance of Asominori<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Rice cultivars with the dominant ''LTG1'' allele '''fit better''' and had '''higher yield potential''' when grown in environments where low temperatures are present during vegetative and reproductive growth<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*Low temperature (LT), defined as a low but not freezing temperature (>0°C). Apart from water availability, low temperature is the most important environmental factor limiting the productivity and geographical distribution of plants across the world. To cope with cold stress, plant species have evolved several physiological and molecular adaptations to maximize cold tolerance by adjusting their metabolism<ref name="ref2"/>.

*The regulation of some gene products represents an additional mechanism of cold tolerance. A consequence of these mechanisms is that plants are able to survive exposure to low temperature via a process known as cold acclimation<ref name="ref2"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
*National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Kim I S, Kim Y S, Yoon H S. Rice ASR1 protein with reactive oxygen species scavenging and chaperone-like activities enhances acquired tolerance to abiotic stresses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J]. Molecules and cells, 2012, 33(3): 285-293.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Theocharis A, Clément C, Barka E A. Physiological and molecular changes in plants grown at low temperatures[J]. Planta, 2012, 235(6): 1091-1105.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0622100|
Description = Similar to Dual specificity kinase 1|
Version = NM_001054000.1 GI:115447370 GeneID:4330018|
Length = 5942 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0622100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:25624670..25630611|
CDS = 25625185..25625260,25625393..25625433,25626522..25626591,25626665..25626813,25626959..25627054 ,25627681..25627751,25628347..25628408,25628643..25628706,25628794..25628878 ,25628983..25629109,25629182..25629243,25629331..25629391,25629482..25629615 ,25629823..25630116|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:25624670..25630611
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:25624670..25630611
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggagcatgtgatcggggggaagtttaagctggggaggaagattgggagcggatcttttggggagctataccttggtgtgaatatacagagcagcgaggaggtagccatcaagttggaatctgtaaaatcaaggcatcctcagcttcattatgagtcaaaactatacatgcttctgcaggggggaactggaattcctcatctgaagtggtttggagtggagggggagtacaatgtcatggttatcgatcttcttggtccaagtttagaggacttattcaactactgcaacagaaagttttctcttaaaacagtacttatgcttgctgatcagatgatcaacagggtagagtacatgcacactagggggtttctacatcgtgatatcaagccagacaacttccttatgggtttaggccgcaaagcaagccaggtttatgtcatcgactatggtcttgcaaagaaataccgggacctccaaactcataagcatataccttacagggagaacaaaaatctcacaggaacagcacgctatgctagtgtaaacacccatcttggagtagaacaaagcaggagagatgatttagagtctctgggctatgtgcttatgtatttcttaagaggaagccttccttggcaaggtctaaaagctggcacaaaaaaacagaaatatgacaaaattagtgaaaagaaaatgcttactccagttgaggttctctgtaaatcttatcccacagagttcatttcatacttccattactgtcgatctttgcgatttgaagataaaccagactacagctatttgaagagacttttccgagatctattcatccgtgaagggtaccagcttgattatatatttgattggacgaagcaaggttcagaaagtaacagattgcgatcaagtggaaggacaagtgggttggtgggaccatctgcagaacggactgaacgagctgcagcaagacaggatgttcctgacagattctctggtacagtcgatccatttgctagaagaactggctctggttctggccattacggagagcacacaaagcacagaaatatattggattcattacttgcacccaagacggctgttgatttagataaaagaaggcccacatcatcatctcgtaatgggagcacatcaaggaaggctctcttgtcaagcagcagaccaagttctggagatcccattgatccgaaccgcagtaacctaattccaaccagcagtggcagcagtcgcccatcaactatgcagaggcttcaccagtcaacaggacttgagaccaggtcctcgcttaccaaaactgcaagaaatgtccatgatgatcccactttgaggacctttgaacgcctttcaatcagtgctgacagaaggaaataa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MEHVIGGKFKLGRKIGSGSFGELYLGVNIQSSEEVAIKLESVKS RHPQLHYESKLYMLLQGGTGIPHLKWFGVEGEYNVMVIDLLGPSLEDLFNYCNRKFSL KTVLMLADQMINRVEYMHTRGFLHRDIKPDNFLMGLGRKASQVYVIDYGLAKKYRDLQ THKHIPYRENKNLTGTARYASVNTHLGVEQSRRDDLESLGYVLMYFLRGSLPWQGLKA GTKKQKYDKISEKKMLTPVEVLCKSYPTEFISYFHYCRSLRFEDKPDYSYLKRLFRDL FIREGYQLDYIFDWTKQGSESNRLRSSGRTSGLVGPSAERTERAAARQDVPDRFSGTV DPFARRTGSGSGHYGEHTKHRNILDSLLAPKTAVDLDKRRPTSSSRNGSTSRKALLSS SRPSSGDPIDPNRSNLIPTSSGSSRPSTMQRLHQSTGLETRSSLTKTARNVHDDPTLR TFERLSISADRRK</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>516..591#724..764#1853..1922#1996..2144#2290..2385#3012..3082#3678..3739#3974..4037#4125..4209#4314..4440#4513..4574#4662..4722#4813..4946#5154..5447#ggggtacccataatctccacatcctcctcctcccacctctactccggccaccggccgcctcctcccacgctccccccgccgccgccgccgccgccgccgccgccatcgccacccgcctcctccttctagcagtagtaataaaggaaggaagaaaatccaccgccctacccctatctatccgttgcctcacgtccgtttcccacattttccgcttccttcgtccatcgccatctattaacccgcccccccacgattcctgccgagaaatttctcccccccacagagagggaggcgatccctagcctcgtcctgaatctcgcggcgccgccaattcgatctgcccgcgccgtctcagggcggcgaatcttgggctggagtcggggggagagatccgggatcttccttttcttgggtgttcccgggacgcaaatcttgcggccgccgggcaatgtgactggggttcttgtggggggtgaggcgattcgcgcgcgcattcggtgctgaatcttgcggggatggagcatgtgatcggggggaagtttaagctggggaggaagattgggagcggatcttttggggagctataccttggtacgttcctcgtggggttctcggatctctcgtctatcgccgctcgttgcgaggcaccgttcgtttttcttcttcttactgtttacgctgtttgtgatgatgtcgttgattcatggattgtttcgattacaggtgtgaatatacagagcagcgaggaggtagccatcaagttggtatgtgaagatgatttcgtttctgatatataagccttttcttacgccaatgtatatattgtagtaattagtattgcattggtttcttttgtgctgatgttgtgatgcgaatatggtttgttctgccctcctagaaaagattagatcacctgaggtgtaacagagtttgcattgctgcatgatcagaaatttgaatgaagctacatgtatacgtccttgtgaaatcgttgacatgacctcttgcttagtatcatactctttcatacaagtagaaaccaggtcttctaaatttttttggttctccgacctaactggtctattagagatgttcagaattgggaagtaagaaaaaagaggtgaagatttttcagcttccaattggatcgttgacattatttaattgcttcatctaggtgatgtgtgtggtttacgagagcacttattctgaaacatctgtaaataacatgaggcagcccaccaacccttgtcatactatattatctgctcttgtaacattaggactcagggcagccgcccgtgattctgttcacatcctgtaagacctgcaaacaaagcttttccgtctggggaaacgaagccttttggaataccttgtgcatgttttggctaggttgggtagctgtgaagcattggttattgtctatttcaatgtttcaaagcagcattcaaggattctcctgatattattgctccggttcagtggtcaatgcacttcttttagaagcttctattatttcgatatgattgttagtagtttggtcacatctacttttcaagcaacttaccttgtaagttcacgtagttgctagttttgtgaaccagctttgcctttctaatcatgaatgccatttctatattgtaagcctgtatgcattggattgctttcttaaatggtgcaatccttgttctatgagaaaatgttggtaataatgaaaataaggtgttcggaaacttggaaagtgtatttctatattgacatgaatagtcactgtcagcactgattacttgtccttgctgacactgggacaaattacctaaaccttttctgtcatctcttattttgttaggaatctgtaaaatcaaggcatcctcagcttcattatgagtcaaaactatacatgcttctgcaggggggaagtaagtgtaatacgggaaactgtttatctatttaaataaaattgttcacttattatgtcttggttatgttcagctggaattcctcatctgaagtggtttggagtggagggggagtacaatgtcatggttatcgatcttcttggtccaagtttagaggacttattcaactactgcaacagaaagttttctcttaaaacagtacttatgcttgctgatcagatggtgggtttttcttactgaattctattattttggctgttaattttggttacctgtatgactaaatttcaataaattaacgatcaaggaaagtaaatttcaagactttatttgtctgatttaaccactaacttcctgttctatacagatcaacagggtagagtacatgcacactagggggtttctacatcgtgatatcaagccagacaacttccttatgggtttaggccgcaaagcaagccaggtttgtcccattcatctgcagttgctggtagatataattcattatttttctgcgctttggatgttgttggttgcctggtctgtataattttgtattgataacatcttgattcgagtatttggcctggtttctaagtatcatcttttttggtgctatgaagttttgtcaattggcagtagtatcttcaattatactttctaagagaggctatgatattaccaacaacagctgtcagctgtgctctgtgtgcttgatgattatactagtttctttatggagaaattatcttgtataataaattttagtattttttagaaacatcttttttatgaatgtagaaagactttggagaatttaaactgctgactgtgatcatcgatttaccatacgttttattatttcgtaagaacttgaagaatacaaggataatatttctgttttctcttatttgtgcatactgttactcagcatatgcatatcaactgcctttctagtactgctgctaactgatgatcgaaagcctgcatttacttcatatgtgatatatcttacaatgaataacatcaagaaataagcacaactttttgtagacattgttgtgagtgatctttacaattctgtaacaggtttatgtcatcgactatggtcttgcaaagaaataccgggacctccaaactcataagcatataccttacaggtaattagaaattcttctctagtaaatgttttagaaagtatttatgtttacacctggaagattgttgtagtagagcactcagcttatgaaaaatcatactaaagtatattgttttggtagcaacaccgtttttatctgacagagctcaaagtgcttaatttagaatttttcattaccataactgtgcttggcacactaccggtggagcagtatctgctattaaccatattggcaagcagtatctgctattaactatatagataagcccacacaattttgttatctgtttttacttcttgaaattaagagaaatgcttgatagtagtgagtaatgacagcagcattgcaacaatttgatcaatgatgattgtgataattgataaaccattttctgttatgttttagtactatactgtgacattggtcagtaacacgggttacactatcactattcactacttagcagttacctccttcatactaatagtaaaaagtttaccagtttatctaccattatatttctatgcatgattatgcttcatacttttctggggatatatgtttgaagcttacatgtttttctttcctaccatagggagaacaaaaatctcacaggaacagcacgctatgctagtgtaaacacccatcttggagtaggtaagtgtctttacctgttactgattcgttttcatcagaagagattttattttttaaaaatctgaactaacgcaaactaatatgtatttaagaggtgcaaaatgtggcaacactgaaaagttatgaacaagtgtagctcctttgaaacaaataaagtttagcttgcaacaaaattagtcaattgcactctgactgctagtatatgcgttcttttaattctgtttttcactacagaacaaagcaggagagatgatttagagtctctgggctatgtgcttatgtatttcttaagaggaaggtgagacgatgcttgttttctattttttaaaattccattttatacgacaatacattttattgatctatgttaacttgtccatctcagccttccttggcaaggtctaaaagctggcacaaaaaaacagaaatatgacaaaattagtgaaaagaaaatgcttactccagttgaggtaatggaaattggtttccatgcaaaaaaaatctatgaagaagcatgacattttttgatttaattgcaacttaaccttatcatattttacacaattttgtataggttctctgtaaatcttatcccacagagttcatttcatacttccattactgtcgatctttgcgatttgaagataaaccagactacagctatttgaagagacttttccgagatctattcatccgtgaaggtatgctcaaatataatacaatgaagtatctctgcatacacatctaaaatgatttcctctcaattcttgcagggtaccagcttgattatatatttgattggacgaagcaaggttcagaaagtaacagattgcgagtatgtctgctattcctttttctaactttttttggtaatgcaaagctttaccgtactaaatgtgtagcatcttttccttgcttccagtcaagtggaaggacaagtgggttggtgggaccatctgcagaacggactgaacgagctgcaggtttgtcagtagcatagacattttttgaatttatatttaggaaataagtttggaaaataacaggggttttttggggtgttgtctcaacagcaagacaggatgttcctgacagattctctggtacagtcgatccatttgctagaagaactggctctggttctggccattacggagagcacacaaagcacagaaatatattggattcattacttgcacccaagacggtaagaaattgagcagctagatcaccttctagcagtatcctaaaaaaactgctcaaattagcaggataatgagacggatgtttcttcgttagtcttgaccatcttttcgcagaaatcttttgttgtgtttttacattacgttgctgttgatgatagctggaactctgtattctggaaggcttatgtcaattttaccatgcgtgctaggctgttgatttagataaaagaaggcccacatcatcatctcgtaatgggagcacatcaaggaaggctctcttgtcaagcagcagaccaagttctggagatcccattgatccgaaccgcagtaacctaattccaaccagcagtggcagcagtcgcccatcaactatgcagaggcttcaccagtcaacaggacttgagaccaggtcctcgcttaccaaaactgcaagaaatgtccatgatgatcccactttgaggacctttgaacgcctttcaatcagtgctgacagaaggaaataatgcttcgaagagcaaaagatgtgagttgctgctccagtgaggacactggggattccttcacacgatgattactgatcaacaagtaaaaaccattctgtgctacagatgatgctgagatatgcttaagagtgaagtttgcttactgaatcttggcgcaaaagaaatggttaaagaaatcattttacacgccattcagaagaacccggaccagcaactgtgctggtccaattaatgctgatgttgatcaaatatttgtagaaatgttattgaaataaagcagttcattactagcaaaatatgtactatcacgtagtatttcctttgtgcactgcaactagaacttctgccactctgccactatactcttaagataatcaatatccttttttgccttagtgccctttagatactccgtcacattatttccttaaaaacttggagatcatgtaatcgttattaatatatcatacgatcagatatcgttattcaactagc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001054000.1 RefSeq:Os02g0622100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0203700

2015-03-12T03:20:46Z

Zhangye:

As a '''zinc finger protein gene''', '''''SRZ1''''' (stress repressive zinc finger protein 1) was '''cloned''' from rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*SRZ1 encodes a protein with three C2C2-type zinc finger motifs that are structurally similar to human ZNF265 zinc fingermotifs<ref name="ref1"/>.

*SRZ1 and its relatives in plants may play '''negative roles''' in '''abiotic stress signaling''' and the '''down-regulation''' of them might be '''crucial for plant tolerance against stresses'''. ''SRZ1'' might function as a '''upstream repressor''' of '''some abiotic stress-related genes''' and the repression of these genes might lead to the sensitivity of transgenic plants under abiotic stress<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008270 GO:0008270]

===Mutation===
The transgenic tobacco plants<ref name="ref1"/>:
*line 3
*line 9
*The seeds of transgenic and wild-type plants were germinated and grown on 1/2 MS medium for 14 d and then transferred onto 1/2 MS medium (without sucrose) supplied with 200 mM '''NaCl''' for 5 d.
*For '''cold stress''', the 14 d old transgenic or wild-type seedlings were transferred to soil and grew for 2 weeks. After the seedlings were subjected to cold treatment (4 8C) for 24 h, most of transgenic plants were '''wilted''' while wild-type plants grew normally. *Thus, expression of SRZ1 in tobacco '''increases plant sensitivity to cold''' and '''salt stresses'''.

===Expression===
*SRZ1 was expressed with '''high level in leaves''' and markedly '''repressed by salt''', '''cold''', '''drought''' and '''abcisic acid stresses''' but not by salicylic acid and blast inoculation in rice seedlings. '''Ectopic''' expression of ''SRZ1'' in '''tobacco plants''' '''repressed''' expression of abiotic stress-related genes including osmotin, NtERB10B, NtERB10C, and '''increased plant sensitivity to cold and salt stresses'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The tissue expression pattern showed that SRZ1 gene was expressed with '''high level in leaves''' but '''low in roots'''. As to '''metal ion stresses''', SRZ1 expression was specifically '''repressed by FeCl2''' treatment but not by ZnCl2 and CdCl2 treatments under experimental conditions. SRZ1 '''decreased tolerance to cold and salt stress''' in '''tobacco'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
Histochemical analysis showed SRZ1-GUS fusion protein was located throughout the cell in roots and leaves of stable transgenic tobacco plants, indicating that SRZ1 was '''localized in cytoplasm in tobacco cells'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
Plant SRZ family might play negative roles in response to abiotic stress and the down-regulation of SRZ genes might be crucial for plant tolerance to stresses. Further studies such as characterizing plant SRZ knock-out mutants will be essential to conclude the precise function of plant SRZ family<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Huang J, Wang M M, Jiang Y, et al. Stress repressive expression of rice SRZ1 and characterization of plant SRZ gene family[J]. Plant science, 2008, 174(2): 227-235.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0203700|
Description = Similar to Testis expressed sequence 13A protein|
Version = NM_001052775.1 GI:115444920 GeneID:4328666|
Length = 7423 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0203700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:5798925..5806347|
CDS = 5799260..5799273,5799377..5799447,5800163..5800578|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:5798925..5806347
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:5798925..5806347
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgaacaggaagccaggagactgggactgcagggcgtgccagcacctcaacttcagccgccgggacctatgccagcgctgcggcgagccgcgtggcgccgctgatcgcggcagcggtggtggcggtgactacgccaacttcggcggccgtggtggttcctccttcggtggaggctttggcactggctctgatgtccgcccaggtgactggtactgcaactgcggcgcgcacaacttcgccagccgctccagctgcttcaagtgcgctgctttcaaggacgatgctgccgtcaacagtggcggcgctggtgcctttgatggtggggacatgtcgcgctcgcggggctacggcttcggcagcggcgccgtccgcgccagccgccctggctggaagtctggcgactggatttgcaccaggtctggatgcaatgagcacaacttcgccagcaggatggagtgcttcaggtgcaacgcaccgcgggactccggcactgaggtgtaa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MNRKPGDWDCRACQHLNFSRRDLCQRCGEPRGAADRGSGGGGDY ANFGGRGGSSFGGGFGTGSDVRPGDWYCNCGAHNFASRSSCFKCAAFKDDAAVNSGGA GAFDGGDMSRSRGYGFGSGAVRASRPGWKSGDWICTRSGCNEHNFASRMECFRCNAPR DSGTEV</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>7075..7088#6901..6971#5770..6185#atttattatctcgtcgtctcgtcttcctccctcctccgcctgatcgagatcgcttctgctccagccgccgccgccgccgccgccgaagtccgcaggtgcgaggacgccgacgagtctccagagagcaggtgcgtgcgcgttctccctccccttcttcttctcccgctcggtttgtttcgttcgtttcgggtgatgcgctttaatttgcatgtttgatcgattcctgttcgtggagacgggttggattgggtgatcggtgcgggaggaggggggcggattcacggaatcgagggtagatttgtgcaatttttgcgggcgatgatggcgtgtctccctcccctggctatctcctccgtgtgtcgaattttttttcttgcgagcattagcaacgtctcgttcgcgcgcggtagggtttgtggggggagaggtccccggcgtcgagattcgtgccgccgttgatcgttcgacagctgttgcatccgattcgatgtgggtgcgcgccgcaggggaggggtggggcagagctggtggtggttttttgctcttggagccttggatgagtgggggcatgatccttgttgtagagtatagggacttacagctatgggtttgtggattttttactggtacatatcttctttagttgcaagagaaaagtgatagctatgttggctgtgggtttgttgtgtgctctgaatttttttttaggcttttgtagtttgtcttatgtgattacctttgactgtcactcattttaaacttttcttgtttgtcatactaagtaaggtataagtcatgcttagatgaaagtatgaaaccatgtctagtcatcgatgttatgtgctattaagaaataaataggatttagcacggtgagcgcgtctggatatgtgtgcggggctgtggctgccaacgcgcaacgctcggttatgatgtgctatcatgctgtgcactgttcatgatacggtccatctgctgactggggctttgatgccctgaaggactaaacctaaagaggatttagatctttttgttcatctccatgatgcattgcagtgcaccacatcgaatgtatacaagaaagctggtcagccaaactgggtggtggctaactttcaccttgtcaaggccagattacgtcatcctgaaactatagtagtgcatgcaagtgtggtgaatcaatacagcacacatgccatggaatctattgtacccatggtgtgcgcaactgcgcatccaacttataacaatatataattaaaggtttgtgtactgtagtgttgctctgttttgggtagatgccttcatcctagcccatacgtgtgccttcccattgctatgtgggtaatggcgcaagacacttagttaaaccagatctatgctcgtgcaattgttctcagtgaggaattagtgcatgaacgactaggaaacagatgtgctctgcagtctgtctttggaatctacaggccaagatactccatgcaagatttcaagtgcaactaatcattcaatttctaggaataagagcatactttaagtcttaaaccaatgtttgcaaaagtgaggacagcgtatgattgtttatgactgtttgactattctgtgagctccaatgaggtccgggtaggtgccgcatggcatgaatttttgttgtttatatcaagttcaactggtgttcatatatatcgttcatatatccatgacacgctttcctcacccacataggggactagtgctttacattgtggaatctgtatccctgtgatcacaagcaatttaattttttagtgaaatcagaagcagtttaatacctcaagtttatataaatggtgatttgatcccacaattgactatctaccaagatttaaaatcatattctgctacatatagtcgaacgctaacatggatttttagtttgcactttgtagtttattaatgtatacctagtaatttcccatgtagaactcaggtacttagaagcttagtcatgttttagccgcaccagtcaaacagatacttttgacagtgggactattgctgaagatttttggtgttctatcagtagtactcatactggttttagtacgcttattaacacaaaagctaaaaggcttgagctgttcttcttggttgtgcaaaagcagagaatcaaagcatgttaggttatcaagtgatcgcttcctttggagtttggtcatggtcatgcatggaagcacttccctaggagagaatccaagctagcttttggcccctcagtttttttcccaaggactccatgatttgtatttgcttctgctttcacttcacccaagagaatggaatggaagagaaggcatatcatcctatggttttgaaacctacatatcccctcctggcatctactatcagtctaccaccagtgctagtgctagcaaatatagtacagtgacataatagaaaaaatagatagatgaaaagcaaaagtaaatccactgatgtaaagcctcaacctcaaggatgagcacaagtaaaggggcaaggaaacaacagaagagatgcaaaacacaaccggaaataaaaggaggtgaaaaagaattctaaagaggatggtcactggcacccttgaagactactgcctcttgatttctctatctttattgaaattcatgcattattatcagttatgcatcaggccatctctatttgctttctgccatcatgttcatcttgggttgtgaaatgaaggttaatttaagatgatgggatctttctctgttttcggaaattccttctcaatgtttcctcttataaaaaaggataaagccaattgctcaccacttacagctcagcaatccattatgtctgtcttgatttcaagtggttccttttctttcacttacccctgtcagcagtattaactccctgtcagtatgctttgggtttgcattagacaaaattgcacaactctattatggatatgactagagggctagaggctactatttttagttaatatgaacaaagttgtgtttccgtagcaccttattgttgataagagagggaacacaaggggcccaaagaggtgcttgaatttctgaaaggttccgaggatgtccttccaaacaaataagctcaggcaatgactgagcaaaagtgcatcaagtaactgatagttatcaaacttttatttgttactcttgtcaacataagaactatattaattaatcccaatctcagaataaatcttattcactgtgagatattctctctgaagaaaaaagagtttcgttcggtagatttaactttagttgagatgatacttctttcatggttttaaactagtgtaagttttgctttgtaacttgcacatcatgtcatttccatgtagatgttcaccttgtaggtatgttgacaaaagttttatgcccctttctatccttgcatctcgaatattcacatggtctacaagatcatggatcaattcatgcttgttccttcctatccaaaattttagccagtctatttgtaatctataaaaaagtcacacttcatttgagctctgcttgatatctattttttttggtctatactgatttatttctgccatcttaattagtgacaaaaaatgctttagccggttaattatgcttacaccagagtcatgggatttttcctagtttagataaactgttctatgttacactaacggatggttgatttgctattttggcggataattcaccggacatagttttaggcttgagccgatgtgaccgtttgttggaatggatgccatggaatttcctcaattattgctagtgaaagaaggcaaagttagcatcgaatataagggatgagaatagctttttatagttgcaagaatggatagttatatagcaatagatatagcataagttcagaatgataaccaccattcttgtcacctcatagacttgctcttttgagacctcacagattaactcatttaggtctatatccattttctcgtagaatcaataataagtgctgcttttacactctgcttctcttcttttcataagtttggtgtaatgcttgaaatagttgtgcaaatgcagtattctggttccatcacacgtgtgtggatagctctggagcaccggtagcacaattgcacaattcagtgtgatacgctgcattattaggcataactaattagattttgcactcttttagaatagatatggtttgccttgccattttggaatctgctaaagaagagggtgatgtgttggcccttggaaaattggaatgtcaggaattctgtctcacaacagttaacacagcaggcctcaactgcatgtctaaccaaatatgtacctattcttgatgtgaaactatacattcgctgtccataaagttcctgatatgtcagtctcgggtgaacacagattaaatatcatgtggtcctgactcgtctcagttatcctcatttgattggaacatttgaactagatacaatcaaatcaaaaccctcaggatcacccttttattctctgagacttaatctgaaactatttgtatctctcttatcaaaagcagaaaaaggtcagtcaatactcaaattagaatctttgccatttttagacatgaaacacttcttgattcagccatgcttgtccaaaattaaatatcgacctaagcacaataattcaggacctaatttcgagtcttttctttttcctcttgaaaccatgatgtgtcagtttcaagaatattggttatcactagctccaacactgtgaatcagtcttttacttgacctgaagatgtacaatccttttcatgtggaaatttgggaaatgtcaaacgcaccagtcttgcaaaactgttttctcatgagaccaataacttttgactcaagctgtacttaaagaacaaaaggagatatctaattgagtgtagatttatttctaaaaatttccagtctgatctaaagtcccctcttattgttggtccataatgctccctgaaaacagaaatagtggataatacttgtactaaccattagctccatttttctgaaatgattttctgttcttcctctgacattccatattagctttggtggctttggttctatatgtattttgctaaaaatattctggtcgaataaccactgttacataactaattgcatcttaatttcctaagcacaagaatattgcgcactagtgccatccctccaccccatgtctcaaaagatgttgccaaggcaggcagagatgcagggtaaaggaagcattcaaactccccatatttcttttgccctttaatggctttctcttcttttctttaactcccctcttctttctagttttacgtgattctcttgttcttcgcgggccaaagtgcaccaaagaaccaaaggcacaaagataacccgcccctcggtttcagcaacccctgccaccgcactataaatacccctgcacattagcacctcgctgcatcaccctttcacctcacagcattttccaccttagagctcaccaacacagcagctgatacttgtttaggtaactgagcttcctgttagtgtttgttcatttgttttgtatgcatgtaagcatgttggttgtggttttcctatttcttgaatgcaaaaggttttgcaaagagagaacagctgggttatcttataagtcaagtgtgcttctgggcttcagtttgatcattttttcttcgcccttgctctgatccaataatctttaatgagtggtacattgttgatgtgcagggtaagacaagatgaacaggaagccaggagactgggactgcagggcgtgccagcacctcaacttcagccgccgggacctatgccagcgctgcggcgagccgcgtggcgccgctgatcgcggcagcggtggtggcggtgactacgccaacttcggcggccgtggtggttcctccttcggtggaggctttggcactggctctgatgtccgcccaggtgactggtactgcaactgcggcgcgcacaacttcgccagccgctccagctgcttcaagtgcgctgctttcaaggacgatgctgccgtcaacagtggcggcgctggtgcctttgatggtggggacatgtcgcgctcgcggggctacggcttcggcagcggcgccgtccgcgccagccgccctggctggaagtctggcgactggatttgcaccaggtgcgtgtcatcactagttaggctatccttttcttttggttttaatatctgtttgctttagcaaatcaactattcatagccaatatatgatttttcccagcccttattatggtataagacagtacatggcatggataatttacatggttaatttagtggtagttacggacttttgaaagcttgtaatatttctccgtaccatttttgcatattagggggggggggtcctgtttcttcagaagagacaggaggatcaactaattatgctgcctgtcttcattcaatcattcatgagaaagctagtggttctgttatgctgcacgagaatattagtagcttatgtatagtaccgtagttgtaactagaggtattcatccatggttttctcaatctgtggaaaaccggaagtagttgagatgacactatatttatcgtagcatgcggcaaattgatcagtatggcctatttttgaacagtttcattcaaaatctgaatgaacggccctaggcctcgagtatcactgatgatgtggtcgctttaaatattatactgataagcgaagtgtctatgtcacatttttagctccctggcaactgtagcagcatagcatgttccatacatctccaatgctggatttgcataacttcgcaatatatgtgtctaataatgaactctgctttctgttaactcttgtattttctatgtttgatcacaggtctggatgcaatgagcacaacttcgccagcaggatggagtgcttcaggtgcaacgcaccgcgggactccggtagcgctatgacatacgaaaattacttgtaaattatcgtgaatctccccttgtctcctgcctcatgtcatgatctgatctcgtgcgtgttatgcatttgcaggcactgaggtgtaatttgccgtacgtgtccgatcgatctggatccgatgaggcttgcagcagtgacgacgagcagcagaagcagcgttaagagttgtgatgtctacataagaagaagaagaaagtagaatgcaaaagaaatctccccatggttttactagttttgtttcttcccgttttagatttggttctgattcccatttgggaggacccgtcgacccctgattatctatgttttacccgttttatttcctgtttctttcggcatgtttgctcttcgatcgagtcgtgtaacccgaaacgcttgcgcttgagaagtattattattattaactagtatgttgcttctt</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052775.1 RefSeq:Os02g0203700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

RiceWiki:Salinity tolerance

2015-03-12T02:32:40Z

Zhangye:

[[Os01g0104100]]

[[Os01g0136200]]

[[Os01g0165000]]

[[Os01g0172400]]

[[Os01g0205700]]

[[Os01g0206700]]

[[Os01g0292200]]

[[Os01g0307500]]

[[Os01g0510100]]

[[Os01g0536000]]

[[Os01g0571300]]

[[Os01g0607200]]

[[Os01g0611100]]

[[Os01g0756700]]

[[Os01g0759400]]

[[Os01g0839100]]

[[Os01g0859300]]

[[Os01g0867300]]

[[Os01g0869900]]

[[Os01g0884300]]

[[Os01g0928000]]

[[Os01g0968800]]

[[Os02g0121300]]

[[Os02g0126400]]

[[Os02g0148100]]

[[Os02g0274900]]

[[Os02g0512400]]

[[Os02g0542400]]

[[Os02g0606700]]

[[Os02g0661100]]

[[Os02g0736400]]

[[Os02g0759800]]

[[Os02g0766700]]

[[Os03g0128700]]

[[Os03g0170900]]

[[Os03g0180800]]

[[Os03g0223400]]

[[Os03g0230500]]

[[Os03g0285800]]

[[Os03g0315400]]

[[Os03g0319300]]

[[Os03g0319400]]

[[Os03g0322900]]

[[Os03g0339900]]

[[Os03g0634400]]

[[Os03g0688300]]

[[Os03g0746500]]

[[Os03g0786400]]

[[Os03g0815100]]

[[Os03g0820300]]

[[Os04g0541700]]

[[Os04g0560600]]

[[Os04g0584600]]

[[Os04g0659100]]

[[Os05g0148600]]

[[Os05g0195200]]

[[Os05g0322900]]

[[Os05g0420300]]

[[Os05g0518600]]

[[Os05g0547850]]

[[Os05g0574500]]

[[Os06g0127100]]

[[Os06g0130100]]

[[Os06g0211200]]

[[Os06g0472000]]

[[Os06g0612800]]

[[Os06g0651100]]

[[Os06g0662000]]

[[Os07g0150700]]

[[Os07g0186000]]

[[Os07g0186200]]

[[Os07g0556800]]

[[Os07g0666900]]

[[Os07g0678600]]

[[Os08g0126300]]

[[Os08g0323700]]

[[Os08g0441100]]

[[Os08g0540400]]

[[Os08g0546800]]

[[Os09g0286400]]

[[Os09g0306400]]

[[Os09g0434200]]

[[Os09g0457900]]

[[Os09g0522000]]

[[Os09g0522200]]

[[Os09g0537700]]

[[Os10g0553300]]

[[Os10g0563600]]

[[Os11g0113700]]

[[Os11g0127600]]

[[Os11g0184900]]

[[Os11g0446000]]

[[Os11g0648000]]

[[Os12g0506800]]

[[Os12g0569700]]

[[Os12g0583700]]

[[Os12g0603700]]

Os01g0928000

2015-03-12T02:27:03Z

Zhangye:

The rice gene Os01g0928000 was reported as '''''OsICE2''''' in 2011<ref name="ref1"/>, '''''OsbHLH001/OsICE2''''' in 2013<ref name="ref2"/>, respectively.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
''OsICE'' '''homologs''' ''OsbHLH001/OsICE2'' and ''OsbHLH002/OsICE1'' function in '''regulating ''OsDREB1B'' and ''OsHsfA3''''' involved in '''cold acclimation''' and '''trehalose synthesis'''<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0005634, [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030528 GO:0030528], GO:0045449

===Expression===
*Chilling stress on rice seedlings induced '''two ICE-related proteins''' with molecular masses of approximately 55 and 40 kDa. These sizes are consistent with those predicted for ''OsICE1'' and ''OsICE2'', respectively. In contrast to the proteins, cold stress had little or no effect on the expression of ''OsICE1'' and ''OsICE2''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*'''Salt stress upregulated''' levels of ''OsICE2'' '''protein''' but had '''no effect''' on OsICE2 '''mRNA''' levels. RT-PCR revealed that '''cold stress increased''' the levels of ''OsICE1'' and ''OsICE2'' proteins but did not enhance the expression of their genes. ''OsICE1'' and ''OsICE2'' are regulated mainly '''by post-translational mechanisms''', in a manner similar to that of ''Arabidopsis'' ICE1<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: OsICE2 phylogenic1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Phylogenic tree of ICE (Inducer of CBF Expression) homologs.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
*A '''phylogenetic tree''' of '''ICE homologs''' in '''dicots''' and '''monocots''', using ''Arabidopsis'' PIF3 and human c-myc as outgroups, showed that ICE-related genes can be classified into '''monocot and dicot subfamilies''' (Figure 1).

*''OsICE1'' and ''OsICE2'' share '''very similar sets of motifs''', notably '''an acidic domain''', '''a Ser-rich domain''', '''a bHLH domain''', and '''a possible zipper region''', with ''Arabidopsis'' ''ICE1'', although ''OsICE2'' has a shorter junction region between the acidic region and the Ser-rich region in the amino terminus than ''OsICE1'' and ''Arabidopsis ICE1''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Although ''OsICE1'' and ''OsICE2'' have '''different predicted molecular masses''', they share '''48% similarity''' at the '''amino acid level'''. They also have '''similarities''' of '''39%''' and '''45%''', respectively, to ''Arabidopsis''<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
*Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
*School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Nakamura J, Yuasa T, Huong T T, et al. Rice homologs of inducer of CBF expression (OsICE) are involved in cold acclimation[J]. Plant biotechnology, 2011, 28(3): 303-309.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Chen Y, Li F, Ma Y, et al. Overexpression of OrbHLH001, a putative helix–loop–helix transcription factor, causes increased expression of AKT1 and maintains ionic balance under salt stress in rice[J]. Journal of plant physiology, 2013, 170(1): 93-100.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os01g0928000|
Description = Similar to Transcription factor ICE1 (Inducer of CBF expression 1) (Basic helix- loop-helix protein 116) (bHLH116) (AtbHLH116)|
Version = NM_001051807.1 GI:115441984 GeneID:4326959|
Length = 2897 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0928000, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|
AP = Chromosome 1:42509063..42511959|
CDS = 42509361..42509444,42509571..42509741,42510073..42510300,42511286..42511948|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008394:42509063..42511959
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008394:42509063..42511959
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggacgaggcggaggcggcggcggcggcggcgaagatggacgagctggcgggaggaggaggaggaggcggcggcgactggtcgtacctcgcggcggacgcgctggcggcggcgtcgttcacggcgttcccgttccaccaccaccaccaccaccaccaccgcgacgtgctctcggcgtcgaccccgtcgtcgctgctcctcaacatggacgcggccaccgccgcggccatgttcgacttccaggcggccttcccgtcgtcctccgtcccgccgccgccgcccacgacgacggcggcgctcccgccgttccacgacttcgcctcctccaacccgttcgacgacgcgccgcccccgttcctcgcgccgccggggcagaagctcgggttcctggggccccccggcggcgcgttcggcggcgggatggggtgggacgacgacgacgagatcgagcagagcgtggacgcctcgtccatgggtgtctcggcctcgctggagaatgccgcgcccgtggcggccggaggaggcggcggcggtggcggcggcggtgggaggggcaagaagaaggggatgccggccaagaacctcatggcggagcggcggcgcaggaagaagctcaacgaccgcctctacatgctgcgctccgtggtgcccaagatcagcaagatggacagagcttctatccttggtgatgcaattgagtacttgaaggagctcctgcagaggattaacgatcttcacaatgaacttgagtctgctcctagctcttcgcttactggaccatcatcggctagcttccacccatcaacacccacattgcagacgtttcctggccgcgttaaggaggaactttgcccaacctcatttccaagccctagtggtcaacaagccacggtcgaagttaggatgagggaaggtcatgcagtcaatatccacatgttctgcgcacgcaggcccggcattctgatgtccacattgagggctctcgacagccttggcctcgggatcgagcaggcggtcatcagctgtttcaatgggtttgcaatggatgttttccgcgccgagcaatgcagggatggtcctggactcgggcctgaagaaattaagaccgtgctcctgcactctgctggccttcagaacgcaatgtaa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MDEAEAAAAAAKMDELAGGGGGGGGDWSYLAADALAAASFTAFP FHHHHHHHHRDVLSASTPSSLLLNMDAATAAAMFDFQAAFPSSSVPPPPPTTTAALPP FHDFASSNPFDDAPPPFLAPPGQKLGFLGPPGGAFGGGMGWDDDDEIEQSVDASSMGV SASLENAAPVAAGGGGGGGGGGGRGKKKGMPAKNLMAERRRRKKLNDRLYMLRSVVPK ISKMDRASILGDAIEYLKELLQRINDLHNELESAPSSSLTGPSSASFHPSTPTLQTFP GRVKEELCPTSFPSPSGQQATVEVRMREGHAVNIHMFCARRPGILMSTLRALDSLGLG IEQAVISCFNGFAMDVFRAEQCRDGPGLGPEEIKTVLLHSAGLQNAM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>2516..2599#2219..2389#1660..1887#12..674#gcgaggttgccatggacgaggcggaggcggcggcggcggcggcgaagatggacgagctggcgggaggaggaggaggaggcggcggcgactggtcgtacctcgcggcggacgcgctggcggcggcgtcgttcacggcgttcccgttccaccaccaccaccaccaccaccaccgcgacgtgctctcggcgtcgaccccgtcgtcgctgctcctcaacatggacgcggccaccgccgcggccatgttcgacttccaggcggccttcccgtcgtcctccgtcccgccgccgccgcccacgacgacggcggcgctcccgccgttccacgacttcgcctcctccaacccgttcgacgacgcgccgcccccgttcctcgcgccgccggggcagaagctcgggttcctggggccccccggcggcgcgttcggcggcgggatggggtgggacgacgacgacgagatcgagcagagcgtggacgcctcgtccatgggtgtctcggcctcgctggagaatgccgcgcccgtggcggccggaggaggcggcggcggtggcggcggcggtgggaggggcaagaagaaggggatgccggccaagaacctcatggcggagcggcggcgcaggaagaagctcaacgaccgcctctacatgctgcgctccgtggtgcccaagatcagcaaggtgattaatgacctcatttctattttttcactgttcattgctaattatttaattaatcagcagctccagtttctactagactgtatcttattaattaaattaatcagcattttctatttctacttttctaatttcagttttggcaacatgtttcagttcttgagtgatgtatactggtgtaggtcctgtaggagtgtgtttgtcatgatatttgtcactgaaattggttccaattttggtgctgaattcttgaattggctccacttcagatccaaaaaaacatccttttttcattagatctatgtcataccttgtcatgttcacatggtaacatgaggagttcctattcagcttgctggatggttgttttacagttcagttatggtaatttcagttctgaaattatacttcaatgtcttttttctaggactttataatttgtcgtagcttgagattacacatattatggggaactttgattctgatccatggccagatttagtgatgcatgattaacacagtgccatgcacaagatgtagttgaaagtgaccagataccagataactcacaaattcttttcccccttttctttctgttttttttttgtagttcttcgtgttggatgttttgtctttaacttttgttggtttccttgaaaaaagtcgttcactttggaagtttcggcatgcgaagtgcatattcagttctctgcagtcctttcgtgtgaagaacttactactttccttcacagcgatcaagatggttttgaacaataaagaaagacctgatgtactacagttcttgggatattatgacaagttgcagtctaacaattcagcgccatgtacgatgtgccgttttttagtgtagcagtacaaaacaatttatgtcaaagtgttcttaatgccaactatgtctgactcgtttcatgttaatatctatagtttatcatctcattaccagttttcttctcctttgtgacagatggacagagcttctatccttggtgatgcaattgagtacttgaaggagctcctgcagaggattaacgatcttcacaatgaacttgagtctgctcctagctcttcgcttactggaccatcatcggctagcttccacccatcaacacccacattgcagacgtttcctggccgcgttaaggaggaactttgcccaacctcatttccaagccctagtggtcaacaagccacggttagtcaaattttgaccatgattgttaagcctttgcactagtggcaattatgcaattggcccttgatacttatatgcttaagcatgctttagtgctcaagattaacgcacttgggagctactccttttgtttcaaaatataagcaattcttgctatgtatctggacaagaaatgcttatattttggaacggagggaatattacttatttcgcggtacttgcactttgcagtctgcacaagtacttgatcattcaggccttgttgattcatgtagcggtaacaatatggtgtatagcaaccaagtgacattcacctctcttgtttgttcaggtcgaagttaggatgagggaaggtcatgcagtcaatatccacatgttctgcgcacgcaggcccggcattctgatgtccacattgagggctctcgacagccttggcctcgggatcgagcaggcggtcatcagctgtttcaatgggtttgcaatggatgttttccgcgccgaggtttgcattctccacatcataatatttttctcctccagctgagggttttttttcagttgtgttcgatctgatcctaccgttgttgttcactctcttaatgcttgctctgtacttctgttttgccagcaatgcagggatggtcctggactcgggcctgaagaaattaagaccgtgctcctgcactctgctggccttcagaacgcaatgtaatcagcaagtcagaaagcagtcaagaccaatgcactgggatttgatcagtgatcatttgcatcagatgatctggtttatcaaaaagttatagtaagtatggcatatatgctgtttatctaggagaactgatgagatgaggctcgccatctagagacatgtgtgatgatgatgatgtaactgggtttctttctttctgttgtcgtttttttttctgaatgttgtttgtgatgtaataggatctttgtccattgaaaccatgtccattatcatgatgagaatatgaacccagtgtcttttg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051807.1 RefSeq:Os01g0928000]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]

File:OsICE2 phylogenic1.jpg

2015-03-12T02:23:44Z

Zhangye:

Os01g0510100

2015-03-11T15:39:13Z

Zhangye:

The rice gene Os01g0510100 was reported as '''''OsMKK6''''' in 2008<ref name="ref1"/>, 2013<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/>, 2012<ref name="ref4"/>, '''''OsMEK1''''' in 2006<ref name="ref5"/>, respectively.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*Under '''UV stress''' ''OsMKK6'' may have role in '''regulation''' of '''biosynthesis of momilactone A-B''', '''phytocassanes A-E''' and have '''little or no''' involvement in '''accumulation of oryzalexin A-F''' and '''oryzalexin S'''<ref name="ref3"/>.

*''OsMPK3'' and ''OsMPK6'' each '''co-immunoprecipitated''' ''OsMKK6'', and both were '''directly phosphorylated''' by OsMKK6 in vitro. ''OsMKK6'' and ''OsMPK3'' constitute a '''moderately low-temperature signalling pathway''' and '''regulate cold stress tolerance''' in rice<ref name="ref4"/>.

*Regulated genes were identified in overexpressed constitutively activated OsMKK6 and they were further subdivided on the basis of functional categories, viz. transcription, metabolism, signaling, defense and unknown function. These findings suggest the '''possible physiological role''' of ''OsMKK6'' in '''modulating gene expression''' and '''signaling pathways''' during different stresses<ref name="ref6"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004672 GO:0004672],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004674 GO:0004674], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006468 GO:0006468], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005524 GO:0005524]

===Mutation===
*independent transgenic lines<ref name="ref2"/>:
**E1, E2, E7, E8, E9, E10, E13, E16, E17 and E18
**All transgenic lines except E8, showed higher steady state level of ''OsMKK6'' in overexpressed transgenic line compared to wild type (WT) and E10, E13, E18 transgenic lines showing '''higher transcript level''' were used for stress tolerance studies.
**The effective quantum yield of transgenic lines were also similar with that of WT indicating non significant change of photosynthesis in overexpressed transgenic lines as compared to WT.
*Two homozygous OsMKK6EE-overexpression lines<ref name="ref3"/>:
**OsMKK6EE-10
**OsMKK6EE-18
*'''Enhanced chilling tolerance''' was observed in the transgenic plants overexpressing OsMKK6DD<ref name="ref4"/>.
*OsMKK6DD showed a substantially '''higher kinase activity''' against MPK3m than did the wild-type OsMKK6. By contrast, OsMKK6D showed weaker kinase activity in vitro<ref name="ref4"/>.

===Expression===
*Fast and transient transcript accumulation was also observed in case of ''OsMKK6'' '''by salt stress''' while ''OsMKK10-2'' showed significant increase in transcript accumulation only after. The transcript of only ''OsMKK4'' and ''OsMKK6'' showed '''upregulation''' more than threefolds due to '''cold stress'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*''OsMKK6'' transcript '''increased''' around fivefold of the control after 1 and 3 h of cold stress before getting '''down regulated''' after 6 and 12 h. '''Heat stress''' resulted in twofold '''increase''' in the transcript of ''OsMKK1'', ''OsMKK3'', ''OsMKK4'', ''OsMKK6'' and ''OsMKK10-2'' after 1 and 3 h of exposure in elevated temperature<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Overexpression of '''constitutively active''' form of ''OsMKK6'' '''enhance tolerance to salt stress''' in rice. ''OsMKK6'' showed more transcript accumulation in both '''roots''' and '''leaves''' in '''salt stress''' whereas in '''cold stress''' transcript accumulation was '''higher in roots''' but showed '''less accumulation''' of transcript in '''drought stressed leaves'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Transcript of OsMKK6 was noticed in almost all the tissue and its accumulation was '''highest in mature roots'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

*Overexpressing constitutive active ''OsMKK6EE'' exhibited '''higher expression''' of genes of '''PA biosynthesis pathway''' upon '''UV stress''' and also upon '''infection with M. oryzae'''<ref name="ref3"/>.

*''OsMKK6'' showed '''UV induced expression pattern'''. '''Increased phosphorylation''' of GST-OsMKK6 upon UV elicitation indicates its involvement in UV stress<ref name="ref3"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: OsMKK6 phylogenic1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Phylogenetic relationship between MKKs from indica rice cultivar with the other known MKKs from different plants(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]

''OsMKK1'' and ''OsMKK6'' belong to '''group A''', ''OsMKK3'' to group B, ''OsMKK4'' to group C and ''OsMKK10-2'' to group D (Fig. 1)<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*''OsMKK4'', ''OsMKK6'' and ''OsMKK10-2'' are involved in the '''regulation of cold signal''', ''OsMKK4'' and ''OsMKK6'' also have their role in salinity stress, ''OsMKK1'' might be involved in drought while none of the OsMKKs studied, seems to be involved in transducing heat stress <ref name="ref1"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*National Institute for Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi 110067, India
*Crop Breeding Research Division, Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Hitsujigaoka 1, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan
*National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Kumar K, Rao K P, Sharma P, et al. Differential regulation of rice mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MKK) by abiotic stress[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2008, 46(10): 891-897.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Kumar K, Sinha A K. Overexpression of constitutively active mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 6 enhances tolerance to salt stress in rice[J]. Rice, 2013, 6(1): 25.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Wankhede D P, Kumar K, Singh P, et al. Involvement of mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 6 in UV induced transcripts accumulation of genes in phytoalexin biosynthesis in rice[J]. Rice, 2013, 6(1): 35.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Guosheng X, Hideki K, Ryozo I. Biochemical identification of the OsMKK6-OsMPK3 signalling pathway for chilling stress tolerance in rice1[J]. Biochemical Journal, 2012, 443(1): 95-102.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Hamel L P, Nicole M C, Sritubtim S, et al. Ancient signals: comparative genomics of plant MAPK and MAPKK gene families[J]. Trends in plant science, 2006, 11(4): 192-198.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref6">
Kumar K, Sinha A K. Genome-wide transcriptome modulation in rice transgenic lines expressing engineered mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 6[J]. Plant signaling & behavior, 2014, 9(5).
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os01g0510100|
Description = MAP kinase kinase 1|
Version = NM_001049699.1 GI:115436903 GeneID:4324023|
Length = 5204 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0510100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|
AP = Chromosome 1:19561678..19566881|
CDS = 19561920..19561993,19562493..19562580,19562930..19563067,19563555..19563779,19563911..19564093 ,19564212..19564432,19566375..19566420,19566519..19566611|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008394:19561678..19566881
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008394:19561678..19566881
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgagggggaagaagccgcacaaggagctcaagctctccgtgcctgcgcaggagacgcccgtcgacaagttcctgaccgcgagtggtacattcaaggatggtgaactgcggcttaatcaaagaggtttgcagcttatatccgaggaaactgcagatgaacctcagtcaacaaacctgaaggtggaagatgttcagttgtcaatggatgaccttgagatgattcaagtcattggtaaggggagtggtggtatcgtccaactagttcggcacaagtgggtggggacattatatgccttgaagggcatacaaatgaacattcaagaggcagttcgcaaacaaatagtacaagagctcaaaataaatcaagcaacacagaacgcacatatagtcctttgccaccaatctttctaccataatggtgtaatatatcttgttctagaatacatggaccgtggatctcttgcagatatcattaaacaagtcaaaacaattctggagccatacctggcagtactttgcaaacaggttttggagggtctactgtatcttcatcatgaaaggcatgtgattcacagggatataaagccatctaacttgttagttaaccgtaaaggtgaagtaaagattaccgattttggggtaagtgcggtgctagcaagttcaatgggtcagcgggatacgtttgttggaacctacaactatatggcgcctgagcgtattagtggaagctcctatgactacaagagtgacatatggagtttgggcttagtaatactcgagtgtgccattggtcggttcccctatataccttcagaaggggaaggttggttaagcttctacgaattattagaagcaattgttgaccagccaccaccctctgcaccagcggaccagttctctccagaattttgtgcatttatctcctcctgcatacaaaaggatcctgcggagcggatgtctgcttcagaactcttgaatcatcctttcatcaagaagtttgaggataaggatttagacctgcgcattcttgtcgagagccttgaacctccaatgaatatatccgagtaa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MRGKKPHKELKLSVPAQETPVDKFLTASGTFKDGELRLNQRGLQ LISEETADEPQSTNLKVEDVQLSMDDLEMIQVIGKGSGGIVQLVRHKWVGTLYALKGI QMNIQEAVRKQIVQELKINQATQNAHIVLCHQSFYHNGVIYLVLEYMDRGSLADIIKQ VKTILEPYLAVLCKQVLEGLLYLHHERHVIHRDIKPSNLLVNRKGEVKITDFGVSAVL ASSMGQRDTFVGTYNYMAPERISGSSYDYKSDIWSLGLVILECAIGRFPYIPSEGEGW LSFYELLEAIVDQPPPSAPADQFSPEFCAFISSCIQKDPAERMSASELLNHPFIKKFE DKDLDLRILVESLEPPMNISE</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>243..316#816..903#1253..1390#1878..2102#2234..2416#2535..2755#4698..4743#4842..4934#acgctctccttccttccttccttcttcgcttcttccgacgccacttcacctctccttcctccctccctcgccgccgcgggctgcttcctccctccctcccgccgcgtcccgccactcccggctgattactcgagccgccgcggggcagatccgtgccgggataggcctctcgctcgcgcttcggtcccccgtctcttaccggcggataaaccctaaccggagaggaggaggagggggaggccatgagggggaagaagccgcacaaggagctcaagctctccgtgcctgcgcaggagacgcccgtcgacaagttcctgtagggtccccctccctcggttccctgggcctgaaacgtgctcttttttttctttttttttttactgtcacttgatttcgttttcctttgtgtgttctcctttggagcgatcgggtgtcatgaactttcgaggttttgcctctggtatagaagggcttctgtgtttttttttagttatttgttgacgattttggagttcagatcgaattgtcttgcatagtgtcttactgtgattttggggttagttatgaactgagatggagataagatttacagaagcgtaggtctacttatactgtctaactgatcttttgcttgaaatatctatgatctgagttgctgaactgactcttcaatcctcacttagagtggctgaaatgctattcgtggttccagatcgtttgttattttgtttatccatcagcctaatcgttgatttatgtttcgggagttcgtggtaaaatttaatagctgtcactgatcgctggtgctcctttaggaccgcgagtggtacattcaaggatggtgaactgcggcttaatcaaagaggtttgcagcttatatccgaggaaactgcagatgaacctgtgagttcctggtgccatggctactttttttgtttgttcatatctccctactgggttcatgtaaactgctttatcgtactccttatggtgacatgtaggttagtgtagaagcacatgtacaggttgactagttcagtcaaaccttatcatgcttctgttgattttcatttggctgattgaatgcaatactcacttgcaatgcatgggatccatgccactcatgcattctcgcaatgtattatgtgctgcaatagtgctaaggaatcattgtgtaaacatttcagagtttatccatggatataacattgttcacatttctcaatttctgtttcatctttatgtcttccagcagtcaacaaacctgaaggtggaagatgttcagttgtcaatggatgaccttgagatgattcaagtcattggtaaggggagtggtggtatcgtccaactagttcggcacaagtgggtggggacattatatgccttgaaggtaatttccattacacaaaatccatctagtgttccacactaattcttaaatggaaaatgtatatcttgtggctgcatcaggctgcgagtccttcagttgaactgtttctctatctttatgtttgtaatcatggaaagctggaagtcaatctctcagttccattttgaacatgtttatcataatcagattattctgcatcatagcatttgattgattttttaatcaatttggtagtgttggcacctattagtatgttccctgttgaaattaggtggggcattctacataaatggtgtagcagaagcatctgtcgtcagcttacgtgttgcatgcaatatctacattgaactctgattttcaattaatattgatgctaatgaagaacatcatgttatgatgttcagatcaatcaagaattctgtgcattgtccctggtattcatactgctgtggcatttaattaactagcattgcaattctgtccacagggcatacaaatgaacattcaagaggcagttcgcaaacaaatagtacaagagctcaaaataaatcaagcaacacagaacgcacatatagtcctttgccaccaatctttctaccataatggtgtaatatatcttgttctagaatacatggaccgtggatctcttgcagatatcattaaacaagtcaaaacaattctggagccatacctggcagtactttgcaaacaggttagcataaacttagccttttatttctaactttccctgttttcggaataagcttggaattttgtcgcatctatccagttgaaaaagtattctaacgtaaaaaaacattgcatgatattttgacaactcaggttttggagggtctactgtatcttcatcatgaaaggcatgtgattcacagggatataaagccatctaacttgttagttaaccgtaaaggtgaagtaaagattaccgattttggggtaagtgcggtgctagcaagttcaatgggtcagcgggatacgtttgttggaacctacaactatatggcggtatgttgaaataatgacctgctttatttatgtaccccttagtctatgttcaagacagtgatctgatctggaattcataaatttgttctcatagtttctacctttcttcctagttcagcctgagcgtattagtggaagctcctatgactacaagagtgacatatggagtttgggcttagtaatactcgagtgtgccattggtcggttcccctatataccttcagaaggggaaggttggttaagcttctacgaattattagaagcaattgttgaccagccaccaccctctgcaccagcggaccagttctctccagaattttgtgcatttatctcctcctggtatgataatcatctctctgaaattacacatgaaattagcttttattactgctttcctgagtattcccctgcatactactttggctgttttgctctatatttcaaagtcttgttagtcttttgtgtgtgagtccaaaaaaaaaaaaaactggaactgcaaaagaaatgtttggaattattgagaacgctatttgtaacttgtatatatgtgtagcaattccctcttccaggaagttgatgtattttctgtaccaaagtgttccttttgttaacctttgaatatgcttagctttattgttagcatttgtgatcatgaagaagttgatggacacaattagtgaaatccacaatccttttttttaaaaattttctacaaccttttatattgcagtcgatcctgcaatgttatccactggaaagttgtaacttcctgcaattttgtcagatcactttgcataccaagaggcttaaagtgtaactttgcagccaatggctcagtgggcaaaacatgtagcagtgggtttgagcaagcaacctttggtttacttttgtagaccatagttcttagcattttaacgtgatacctacatggccatattaaaaattgtattagtcctaaacgagatgcatgtagtctattaaggtcttaacttcatcattgcttgagcactgaggtgtccaggggctactgtcacagctgctgcctcacctaattgatcatgtaccactctttagatggtgagtctagtatttgccacactctggaacctaattgatttcttgccaccctttagatggtgttggtttaccaattgcctctttgaacttaattgcatctcctttcctattttgctcttgttcaatgctatgcttcaaaagaacaagtggaataactgatttgatgaagataagggagaaagctggaggtcagaagtcagcaaatctttcagtgtccatggtcaccctcaaacgttagtggtacttattgacaaaaagctgatctggagctccaacttgtagaacttggcaagctttctgtatctagaacagaagcatgagcaagaattttgcaccaagcaattaaaggttataatggatctgaatgactaaaacccaagaaagaatcttgcaccaagtaatattgctcgttcttaccacaaaggaatcaaatccagacaaaagtagtcatcaatgtgatgaaatcacaggagataagccaggtgagcttgatgcacttggttaggtcagaggagctctccaatgagtcgatggaagaggccatggtgctggggagctggagccctagctgcagcaaatccagacaaaagtagatggtgggggtatgcggcgctatgggtgtggaaggcagtttaggctattgctggcatctctgaattgaagaggggtggaaacttgaggtcagatgatggagtaagaagggcaaaatgagaacttgtggtggggattgtgtaaaaaaaaaaggtagatgcaattaggtacaaaatagcaatattctagatcaagcacatctaattggtggcattttatcaattagtttctagggtgattgcaaatcaagttatttaaagggcagcaaaatatctaggtgttttccagattaataaaacctttgctgtgagatagttacggactaaacagtagtatacccaccctggcccagtgtcccacatcatgactagtatcaatttgcgttgctgtcagattgttgtttacagaagtacttttgaacttctttgcttaagtcaaattatgcatgcaaataacagtgtcttgtgtgctcctatatctgatttcatgactaatctataaggatacaagcatggcttgagggtaaataacagtttcttccaacttatcattaaagattcatttcatcagcttatcatagtctaatcttatttattgttacattgctttgcagcatacaaaaggatcctgcggagcggatgtctgcttcagaactcttggtcagcattgccttctatttaataatttttgtagcgaacttaactgtaataacatctttcgaccatcttgttctgaactgtcatatatattcttgcagaatcatcctttcatcaagaagtttgaggataaggatttagacctgcgcattcttgtcgagagccttgaacctccaatgaatatatccgagtaacttgtcattgggaggaatgaggttttgtcggtctcttggtagcggcacatgttccctgcatgcgatgtagtgtgtatgatgttgaaaattcgggaggagttgcagtaatgtatcggtataatttttctttacctaaggcccttttgttgcctctttttatggtcctgtgacttgcgagcatgacaatagagggaatcatgatttcaccttcgtattgcatggtgtcttatcgtagttcttgctgcgagtaattggtccccaatgtccttt</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001049699.1 RefSeq:Os01g0510100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]

File:OsMKK6 phylogenic1.jpg

2015-03-11T15:34:17Z

Zhangye:

RiceWiki:Cold tolerance

2015-03-09T11:13:26Z

Zhangye:

[[Os01g0104100]]

[[Os01g0205700]]

[[Os01g0510100]]

[[Os01g0764800]]

[[Os01g0797600]]

[[Os01g0841500]]

[[Os01g0884300]]

[[Os01g0928000]]

[[Os01g0968800]]

[[Os02g0203700]]

[[Os02g0543000]]

[[Os02g0622100]]

[[Os02g0661100]]

[[Os02g0716500]]

[[Os03g0103300]]

[[Os03g0128700]]

[[Os03g0223400]]

[[Os03g0277000]]

[[Os03g0285700]]

[[Os03g0285800]]

[[Os03g0315400]]

[[Os03g0319400]]

[[Os03g0656900]]

[[Os03g0820300]]

[[Os04g0517100]]

[[Os04g0584600]]

[[Os04g0619300]]

[[Os05g0129300]]

[[Os05g0138300]]

[[Os05g0322900]]

[[Os05g0518600]]

[[Os05g0574500]]

[[Os05g0584200]]

[[Os06g0110200]]

[[Os06g0127100]]

[[Os06g0603600]]

[[Os06g0612800]]

[[Os06g0644200]]

[[Os06g0662200]]

[[Os07g0498800]]

[[Os07g0628500]]

[[Os07g0693800]]

[[Os08g0139000]]

[[Os08g0167500]]

[[Os08g0445700]]

[[Os09g0417600]]

[[Os09g0486500]]

[[Os09g0522000]]

[[Os09g0522200]]

[[Os09g0541000]]

[[Os10g0148100]]

[[Os10g0561400]]

[[Os11g0167800]]

[[Os11g0184900]]

[[Os11g0523700]]

RiceWiki:Cold tolerance

2015-03-09T11:03:50Z

Zhangye:

[[Os01g0104100]]

[[Os01g0205700]]

[[Os01g0510100]]

[[Os01g0764800]]

[[Os01g0797600]]

[[Os01g0841500]]

[[Os01g0884300]]

[[Os01g0884300]]

[[Os01g0928000]]

[[Os01g0968800]]

[[Os02g0203700]]

[[Os02g0543000]]

[[Os02g0622100]]

[[Os02g0661100]]

[[Os02g0716500]]

[[Os03g0103300]]

[[Os03g0128700]]

[[Os03g0223400]]

[[Os03g0277000]]

[[Os03g0285700]]

[[Os03g0285800]]

[[Os03g0315400]]

[[Os03g0319400]]

[[Os03g0656900]]

[[Os03g0820300]]

[[Os04g0517100]]

[[Os04g0584600]]

[[Os04g0619300]]

[[Os05g0129300]]

[[Os05g0138300]]

[[Os05g0322900]]

[[Os05g0518600]]

[[Os05g0574500]]

[[Os05g0584200]]

[[Os06g0110200]]

[[Os06g0127100]]

[[Os06g0603600]]

[[Os06g0612800]]

[[Os06g0644200]]

[[Os06g0662200]]

[[Os07g0498800]]

[[Os07g0628500]]

[[Os07g0693800]]

[[Os08g0139000]]

[[Os08g0167500]]

[[Os08g0445700]]

[[Os09g0417600]]

[[Os09g0486500]]

[[Os09g0522000]]

[[Os09g0522200]]

[[Os09g0541000]]

[[Os10g0148100]]

[[Os10g0561400]]

[[Os11g0167800]]

[[Os11g0184900]]

[[Os11g0523700]]

RiceWiki:Heat

2015-03-09T10:58:23Z

Zhangye:

[[Os01g0136200]]

[[Os01g0184100]]

[[Os01g0205700]]

[[Os01g0571300]]

[[Os01g0625300]]

[[Os01g0626400]]

[[Os01g0733200]]

[[Os01g0749300]]

[[Os02g0181900]]

[[Os02g0526400]]

[[Os02g0527300]]

[[Os02g0758000]]

[[Os03g0117900]]

[[Os03g0161900]]

[[Os03g0223400]]

[[Os03g0224700]]

[[Os03g0236200]]

[[Os03g0245800]]

[[Os03g0267200]]

[[Os03g0276500]]

[[Os03g0285700]]

[[Os03g0745000]]

[[Os03g0795900]]

[[Os03g0854500]]

[[Os04g0397100]]

[[Os04g0645100]]

[[Os05g0519700]]

[[Os05g0530400]]

[[Os05g0553400]]

[[Os05g0584200]]

[[Os06g0110200]]

[[Os06g0211200]]

[[Os07g0178600]]

[[Os07g0644100]]

[[Os08g0546800]]

[[Os09g0323100]]

[[Os09g0474300]]

[[Os09g0482400]]

[[Os09g0482600]]

[[Os09g0491772]]

[[Os09g0522000]]

[[Os09g0526600]]

[[Os10g0419300]]

[[Os10g0445400]]

[[Os11g0703900]]

[[Os12g0569700]]

[[Os12g0632000]]

RiceWiki:Heat

2015-03-09T10:12:26Z

Zhangye:

[[Os01g0136200]]

[[Os01g0184100]]

[[Os01g0205700]]

[[Os01g0571300]]

[[Os01g0625300]]

[[Os01g0626400]]

[[Os01g0733200]]

[[Os01g0749300]]

[[Os02g0181900]]

[[Os02g0526400]]

[[Os02g0527300]]

[[Os02g0758000]]

[[Os03g0117900]]

[[Os03g0161900]]

[[Os03g0223400]]

[[Os03g0224700]]

[[Os03g0236200]]

[[Os03g0245800]]

[[Os03g0267200]]

[[Os03g0276500]]

[[Os03g0285700]]

[[Os03g0745000]]

[[Os03g0795900]]

[[Os03g0854500]]

[[Os04g0397100]]

[[Os04g0645100]]

[[Os05g0519700]]

[[Os05g0530400]]

[[Os05g0553400]]

[[Os05g0584200]]

[[Os06g0110200]]

[[Os06g0211200]]

[[Os07g0178600]]

[[Os07g0644100]]

[[Os08g0546800]]

[[Os09g0323100]]

[[Os09g0474300]]

[[Os09g0482400]]

[[Os09g0482400]]

[[Os09g0482600]]

[[Os09g0491772]]

[[Os09g0522000]]

[[Os09g0526600]]

[[Os10g0419300]]

[[Os10g0445400]]

[[Os11g0703900]]

[[Os12g0569700]]

[[Os12g0632000]]

RiceWiki:Heat

2015-03-09T10:06:57Z

Zhangye:

[[Os01g0136200]]

[[Os01g0184100]]

[[Os01g0205700]]

[[Os01g0571300]]

[[Os01g0625300]]

[[Os01g0626400]]

[[Os01g0733200]]

[[Os01g0749300]]

[[Os02g0181900]]

[[Os02g0526400]]

[[Os02g0527300]]

[[Os02g0758000]]

[[Os03g0117900]]

[[Os03g0161900]]

[[Os03g0223400]]

[[Os03g0224700]]

[[Os03g0236200]]

[[Os03g0245800]]

[[Os03g0245800]]

[[Os03g0267200]]

[[Os03g0276500]]

[[Os03g0285700]]

[[Os03g0745000]]

[[Os03g0795900]]

[[Os03g0854500]]

[[Os04g0397100]]

[[Os04g0645100]]

[[Os05g0519700]]

[[Os05g0530400]]

[[Os05g0553400]]

[[Os05g0584200]]

[[Os06g0110200]]

[[Os06g0211200]]

[[Os07g0178600]]

[[Os07g0644100]]

[[Os08g0546800]]

[[Os09g0323100]]

[[Os09g0474300]]

[[Os09g0482400]]

[[Os09g0482400]]

[[Os09g0482600]]

[[Os09g0491772]]

[[Os09g0522000]]

[[Os09g0526600]]

[[Os10g0419300]]

[[Os10g0445400]]

[[Os11g0703900]]

[[Os12g0569700]]

[[Os12g0632000]]

RiceWiki:Cold tolerance

2015-03-09T10:03:53Z

Zhangye:

RiceWiki:Bacterial blight

2015-03-09T07:31:46Z

Zhangye:

[[Os01g0178600]]

[[Os01g0194300]]

[[Os01g0229400]]

[[Os01g0612700]]

[[Os01g0639200]]

[[Os01g0703600]]

[[Os01g0750100]]

[[Os01g0764800]]

[[Os01g0782100]]

[[Os01g0816100]]

[[Os01g0872800]]

[[Os01g0907400]]

[[Os01g0907600]]

[[Os01g0916400]]

[[Os01g0917400]]

[[Os01g0919900]]

[[Os02g0110200]]

[[Os02g0115900]]

[[Os02g0181300]]

[[Os02g0218700]]

[[Os02g0535400]]

[[Os02g0580300]]

[[Os03g0160100]]

[[Os03g0285800]]

[[Os03g0820600]]

[[Os03g0821300]]

[[Os04g0201900]]

[[Os04g0488700]]

[[Os04g0622600]]

[[Os05g0107700]]

[[Os05g0111300]]

[[Os05g0112000]]

[[Os05g0322900]]

[[Os05g0365300]]

[[Os05g0515700]]

[[Os05g0597100]]

[[Os06g0208800]]

[[Os06g0598900]]

[[Os06g0649000]]

[[Os06g0651100]]

[[Os07g0169700]]

[[Os07g0203700]]

[[Os07g0217600]]

[[Os07g0490200]]

[[Os07g0529600]]

[[Os07g0687700]]

[[Os08g0155900]]

[[Os08g0499300]]

[[Os08g0535200]]

[[Os09g0417600]]

[[Os09g0417800]]

[[Os09g0439200]]

[[Os09g0452200]]

[[Os09g0474000]]

[[Os09g0513000]]

[[Os09g0533600]]

[[Os10g0195600]]

[[Os10g0533600]]

[[Os11g0182500]]

[[Os11g0225100]]

[[Os11g0249000]]

[[Os11g0559200]]

[[Os11g0586701]]

[[Os11g0692300]]

[[Os12g0476200]]

[[Os12g0570000]]

RiceWiki:Cold tolerance

2015-03-09T07:12:38Z

Zhangye:

[[Os01g0104100]]

[[Os01g0205700]]

[[Os01g0510100]]

[[Os01g0764800]]

[[Os01g0797600]]

[[Os01g0841500]]

[[Os01g0884300]]

[[Os01g0884300]]

[[Os01g0928000]]

[[Os01g0968800]]

[[Os02g0203700]]

[[Os02g0543000]]

[[Os02g0622100]]

[[Os02g0661100]]

[[Os02g0716500]]

[[Os03g0103300]]

[[Os03g0128700]]

[[Os03g0128700]]

[[Os03g0223400]]

[[Os03g0277000]]

[[Os03g0285700]]

[[Os03g0285800]]

[[Os03g0315400]]

[[Os03g0319400]]

[[Os03g0656900]]

[[Os03g0820300]]

[[Os04g0517100]]

[[Os04g0584600]]

[[Os04g0619300]]

[[Os05g0129300]]

[[Os05g0138300]]

[[Os05g0322900]]

[[Os05g0518600]]

[[Os05g0574500]]

[[Os05g0584200]]

[[Os06g0110200]]

[[Os06g0127100]]

[[Os06g0603600]]

[[Os06g0612800]]

[[Os06g0644200]]

[[Os06g0662200]]

[[Os07g0498800]]

[[Os07g0628500]]

[[Os07g0693800]]

[[Os08g0139000]]

[[Os08g0167500]]

[[Os08g0445700]]

[[Os09g0417600]]

[[Os09g0486500]]

[[Os09g0522000]]

[[Os09g0522200]]

[[Os09g0541000]]

[[Os10g0148100]]

[[Os10g0561400]]

[[Os11g0167800]]

[[Os11g0167800]]

[[Os11g0184900]]

[[Os11g0523700]]

RiceWiki:Salinity tolerance

2015-03-09T06:49:39Z

Zhangye:

[[Os01g0104100]]

[[Os01g0136200]]

[[Os01g0165000]]

[[Os01g0172400]]

[[Os01g0205700]]

[[Os01g0206700]]

[[Os01g0292200]]

[[Os01g0307500]]

[[Os01g0536000]]

[[Os01g0571300]]

[[Os01g0607200]]

[[Os01g0611100]]

[[Os01g0756700]]

[[Os01g0759400]]

[[Os01g0839100]]

[[Os01g0859300]]

[[Os01g0867300]]

[[Os01g0869900]]

[[Os01g0884300]]

[[Os01g0928000]]

[[Os01g0968800]]

[[Os02g0121300]]

[[Os02g0126400]]

[[Os02g0148100]]

[[Os02g0274900]]

[[Os02g0512400]]

[[Os02g0542400]]

[[Os02g0606700]]

[[Os02g0661100]]

[[Os02g0736400]]

[[Os02g0759800]]

[[Os02g0766700]]

[[Os03g0128700]]

[[Os03g0170900]]

[[Os03g0180800]]

[[Os03g0223400]]

[[Os03g0230500]]

[[Os03g0285800]]

[[Os03g0315400]]

[[Os03g0319300]]

[[Os03g0319400]]

[[Os03g0322900]]

[[Os03g0339900]]

[[Os03g0634400]]

[[Os03g0688300]]

[[Os03g0746500]]

[[Os03g0786400]]

[[Os03g0815100]]

[[Os03g0820300]]

[[Os04g0541700]]

[[Os04g0560600]]

[[Os04g0584600]]

[[Os04g0659100]]

[[Os05g0148600]]

[[Os05g0195200]]

[[Os05g0322900]]

[[Os05g0420300]]

[[Os05g0518600]]

[[Os05g0547850]]

[[Os05g0574500]]

[[Os06g0127100]]

[[Os06g0130100]]

[[Os06g0211200]]

[[Os06g0472000]]

[[Os06g0612800]]

[[Os06g0651100]]

[[Os06g0662000]]

[[Os07g0150700]]

[[Os07g0186000]]

[[Os07g0186200]]

[[Os07g0556800]]

[[Os07g0666900]]

[[Os07g0678600]]

[[Os08g0126300]]

[[Os08g0323700]]

[[Os08g0441100]]

[[Os08g0540400]]

[[Os08g0546800]]

[[Os09g0286400]]

[[Os09g0306400]]

[[Os09g0434200]]

[[Os09g0457900]]

[[Os09g0522000]]

[[Os09g0522200]]

[[Os09g0537700]]

[[Os10g0553300]]

[[Os10g0563600]]

[[Os11g0113700]]

[[Os11g0127600]]

[[Os11g0184900]]

[[Os11g0446000]]

[[Os11g0648000]]

[[Os12g0506800]]

[[Os12g0569700]]

[[Os12g0583700]]

[[Os12g0603700]]

RiceWiki:Salinity tolerance

2015-03-09T06:36:14Z

Zhangye:

[[Os01g0104100]]

[[Os01g0136200]]

[[Os01g0165000]]

[[Os01g0172400]]

[[Os01g0205700]]

[[Os01g0307500]]

[[Os01g0571300]]

[[Os01g0756700]]

[[Os01g0839100]]

[[Os01g0859300]]

[[Os01g0867300]]

[[Os01g0869900]]

[[Os01g0884300]]

[[Os01g0928000]]

[[Os01g0968800]]

[[Os02g0121300]]

[[Os02g0148100]]

[[Os02g0274900]]

[[Os02g0512400]]

[[Os02g0542400]]

[[Os02g0606700]]

[[Os02g0661100]]

[[Os02g0736400]]

[[Os02g0759800]]

[[Os02g0766700]]

[[Os03g0170900]]

[[Os03g0180800]]

[[Os03g0223400]]

[[Os03g0230500]]

[[Os03g0285800]]

[[Os03g0315400]]

[[Os03g0319300]]

[[Os03g0319400]]

[[Os03g0322900]]

[[Os03g0746500]]

[[Os03g0786400]]

[[Os03g0815100]]

[[Os03g0820300]]

[[Os04g0541700]]

[[Os04g0560600]]

[[Os04g0584600]]

[[Os04g0659100]]

[[Os05g0195200]]

[[Os05g0322900]]

[[Os05g0420300]]

[[Os05g0518600]]

[[Os05g0547850]]

[[Os05g0574500]]

[[Os06g0127100]]

[[Os06g0130100]]

[[Os06g0211200]]

[[Os06g0472000]]

[[Os06g0612800]]

[[Os06g0651100]]

[[Os06g0662000]]

[[Os07g0150700]]

[[Os07g0186000]]

[[Os07g0556800]]

[[Os07g0666900]]

[[Os08g0126300]]

[[Os08g0323700]]

[[Os08g0540400]]

[[Os08g0546800]]

[[Os09g0306400]]

[[Os09g0434200]]

[[Os09g0457900]]

[[Os09g0522000]]

[[Os09g0522200]]

[[Os09g0537700]]

[[Os10g0563600]]

[[Os11g0113700]]

[[Os11g0127600]]

[[Os11g0184900]]

[[Os11g0446000]]

[[Os12g0506800]]

[[Os12g0569700]]

[[Os12g0583700]]

Os08g0504700

2015-03-05T14:21:40Z

Zhangye:

'''''OsSAP11''''' confers abiotic stress tolerance in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.
==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File: OsSAP11 Cloning1.jpg|left|thumb|300px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Cloning and overexpression of OsSAP11 and OsRLCK253 genes in Arabidopsis plants.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
*Open reading frames (ORFs) of ''OsSAP1/11'' and ''OsRLCK253'' were '''cloned in''' pSITE-3CA/1CA binary vectors, as YFP/CFP fusion proteins(Figure 1). ''OsSAP1/11'' showed '''interactions with self''' as well as each other '''through A20 domain'''. Although AN1 also interacted with the A20 domain, no clear interaction of AN1 with ''OsSAP1/11'' was observed<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Both ''OsSAP11'' and ''OsRLCK253'' could '''improve the water-deficit''' and '''salt stress tolerance''' in transgenic ''Arabidopsis'' plants via a '''signaling pathway''' affecting the expression of '''several common endogenous genes'''. ''OsSAP11'' and ''OsRLCK253'' in conferring abiotic stress tolerance. Both ''OsSAP11'' and ''OsRLCK253'' not only '''improved plant survival''' under stress but also '''protected against loss in yield''' caused by '''salt stress'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Alternatively, ''OsRLCK253'' may '''activate OsSAP1/11 protein''', which, on activation, may '''degrade''' or '''alter''' the '''activity of negative regulator''' of plant abiotic stress tolerance. In ''OsSAP11'' plants, the '''entire pathway for GA biosynthesis''' was also '''activated'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0003677 GO:0003677],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008270 GO:0008270]

===Mutation===
[[File: OsSAP11 transgenic1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|'''Figure 2.''' ''Five-wk-old transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
Transgenic and wild-type plants<ref name="ref1"/>:
*Taking the '''radicle emergence''' as a '''parameter''' for '''seed germination''', almost all the seeds germinated on day 5 in ''OsSAP11'' transgenic lines, while only ''c.'' 80% of wild-type (WT) seeds showed germination.
*However, transgenics '''fared better''' with 50–70% and 50–85% '''survival''' in ''OsSAP11'' and ''OsRLCK253'' plants, respectively, in comparison with 20–25% survival of WT plants. The effect on yield was also tested in these plants following the recovery after '''salt stress'''.
*At the end of stress period(18% '''soil moisture'''), '''RWC''' in WT '''leaves''' was '''reduced''' to 43% while it varied between 58%–64% in ''OsRLCK253'' and 56%–68% in ''OsSAP11'' expressing transgenics, pointing towards the '''better water retention capacity''' in transgenics compared with WT under water-deficit stress.
*The ''OsSAP11'' and ''OsRLCK253'' expressers showed ''c.'' 6–20% and 10–22% '''higher seed weight''' per plant, respectively, over WT after '''water-deficit stress'''.
*The '''growth''' of transgenic lines and '''seed production''' in unstressed conditions was similar to WT plants (Fig. 2), indicating no '''negative effects''' of transgenes overexpression.

===Expression===
*There were only '''six SAP genes''' (''OsSAP1'', ''OsSAP9'', ''OsSAP11'', ''OsSAP12'', ''OsSAP14'' and ''OsSAP17''), which showed '''significant increase''' in expression upon exposure to '''cold stress'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

*It was interesting to see that '''two rice gene pairs'' (''OsSAP1''–''OsSAP11'' and ''OsSAP6''–''OsSAP9'') present in '''duplicated segments''' were significantly '''similar in their expression pattern'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

*''OsSAP11'' and ''OsRLCK253'' also showed '''responsiveness to salt and water-deficit stress'''. Overexpression of both ''OsSAP11'' and ''OsRLCK253'' in ''Arabidopsis'' could '''enhance''' the '''water-deficit''' and '''salt stress tolerance'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*In ''OsSAP11'' expressing plants, '''633 genes''' showed '''change''' in their expression level, of which '''231''' were '''upregulated''' and '''402''' were '''downregulated'''. Out of 633 genes affected in ''OsSAP11'' plants, '''143 genes''' could be '''assigned functions''' in '''different metabolic pathways'''. In ''OsSAP11'' plants, genes involved in '''all the steps''' of '''GA biosynthesis''' were '''upregulated'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
''OsSAP11'' showed localization in the '''nucleus''' in addition to the '''cytoplasm''' and '''plasma membrane'''. It is
worth noting that ''OsSAP1'' and ''OsSAP11'' show '''differential interactions with ''OsRLCK253''''', possibly because of subtle differences in their subcellular localizations<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
It was found that the A20 domain mediates the interaction of ''OsSAP1'' with self, its '''close homolog OsSAP11''' and a rice receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, ''OsRLCK253''<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*In the recent past, a new family of genes termed as '''SAP(Stress Associated protein)''' gene family was studied in rice for its role in abiotic stress conditions by expression profiling under those conditions<ref name="ref2"/>. SAP gene family members are characterized by the presence of A20/AN1 domain in their putative encoded proteins. The majority was found to have both the A20 zinc-finger domain (present at the N-terminus) and the AN1 zinc-finger domain (present at the C-terminus). This is consistent with the previous finding from animal systems that the A20 and AN1 zinc-finger domains are usually found associated with each other<ref name="ref3"/>.

*All the members of the rice SAP genenfamily present in the rice genome showed inducibility to one or the other abiotic stresses. SAP gene family members, as in the case of animal systems may be involved in downregulating the pathway associated with abiotic stress injuries such as cell death by ubiquitinylating the key proteins and hence targeting them to degradation<ref name="ref2"/>. It would be important to define the relative function of the members of this gene family in the life of the rice plant<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/>.

*Based on the phylogenetic analysis of the AN1 zincfinger domains, ''Jin et al.''<ref name="ref4"/> recently divided all A20/AN1 zincfinger-containing SAP genes into two groups: Type I and Type II. Type I genes contain the traditional pattern of cysteine- and histidine-rich motifs, whereas Type II SAP genes contain the expanded domain CX4CX2CX9-12CX1-2CX4CX2HX5HXC where X represents any amino acid. Most Type I genes lack introns and contain one intact A20 type domain and/or one AN1 type zincfinger domain; most Type II genes have a single intron but do not contain an A20 domain<ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref5"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics and Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
*National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi 110067, India

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Giri J, Vij S, Dansana P K, et al. Rice A20/AN1 zinc‐finger containing stress‐associated proteins (SAP1/11) and a receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinase (OsRLCK253) interact via A20 zinc‐finger and confer abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants[J]. New Phytologist, 2011, 191(3): 721-732.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Vij S, Tyagi A K. Genome-wide analysis of the stress associated protein (SAP) gene family containing A20/AN1 zinc-finger (s) in rice and their phylogenetic relationship with Arabidopsis[J]. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 2006, 276(6): 565-575.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Evans P, Ovaa H, Hamon M, et al. Zinc-finger protein A20, a regulator of inflammation and cell survival, has de-ubiquitinating activity[J]. Biochem. J, 2004, 378: 727-734.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Jin Y, Wang M, Fu J, et al. Phylogenetic and expression analysis of ZnF-AN1 genes in plants[J]. Genomics, 2007, 90(2): 265-275.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Saad R B, Zouari N, Ramdhan W B, et al. Improved drought and salt stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco overexpressing a novel A20/AN1 zinc-finger “AlSAP” gene isolated from the halophyte grass Aeluropus littoralis[J]. Plant molecular biology, 2010, 72(1-2): 171-190.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os08g0504700|
Description = Similar to Multiple stress-responsive zinc-finger protein ISAP1 (Stress- associated protein 1) (OsISAP1)|
Version = NM_001068716.1 GI:115477169 GeneID:4345973|
Length = 983 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os08g0504700, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 8|Chromosome 8]]|
AP = Chromosome 8:25041942..25042924|
CDS = 25042010..25042522|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008401:25041942..25042924
source=RiceChromosome08
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008401:25041942..25042924
source=RiceChromosome08
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcgcagagggagaagaaggtggaggagccgacggagctgagggcgccggagatgacgctctgcgccaacagctgcgggttcccgggcaacccggcgaccaacaacctctgccagaactgcttcttggctgcctcggcgtcttcttcttcttcttccgccgctgcctcgccgtcgacgacgtcgttgccggtgtttccggtggtggagaagccgaggcaggccgtacagtcgtcggcggcggcggcggtggcgctggtggttgagcggccgacggcggggccggtggagtcgtcgtcgaaggcgtcgaggtcgtcgtcggtcaaccgatgccacagctgccggaggcgggtgggcctgaccgggttccggtgccgctgcggcgagctctactgcggcgcgcaccggtactccgaccgccacgactgcagcttcgactacaagtcggcggcgagggacgccatcgccagggagaaccccgtcgtccgcgccgccaagatcgttaggttctaa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAQREKKVEEPTELRAPEMTLCANSCGFPGNPATNNLCQNCFLA ASASSSSSSAAASPSTTSLPVFPVVEKPRQAVQSSAAAAVALVVERPTAGPVESSSKA SRSSSVNRCHSCRRRVGLTGFRCRCGELYCGAHRYSDRHDCSFDYKSAARDAIARENP VVRAAKIVRF</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>69..581#gcctcgctaacccattcccaaaagcaaagcgaacctaagctcgcttcgtctctctctcggattcgatcatggcgcagagggagaagaaggtggaggagccgacggagctgagggcgccggagatgacgctctgcgccaacagctgcgggttcccgggcaacccggcgaccaacaacctctgccagaactgcttcttggctgcctcggcgtcttcttcttcttcttccgccgctgcctcgccgtcgacgacgtcgttgccggtgtttccggtggtggagaagccgaggcaggccgtacagtcgtcggcggcggcggcggtggcgctggtggttgagcggccgacggcggggccggtggagtcgtcgtcgaaggcgtcgaggtcgtcgtcggtcaaccgatgccacagctgccggaggcgggtgggcctgaccgggttccggtgccgctgcggcgagctctactgcggcgcgcaccggtactccgaccgccacgactgcagcttcgactacaagtcggcggcgagggacgccatcgccagggagaaccccgtcgtccgcgccgccaagatcgttaggttctaaaaggataatacaaggggaaaccaacctgaattttcctccttttttctttcttttttcttcttctttccttttaaaaattaaagttgagggtattattttttcttttcctgagagcttcttaaaggtgaaaggggaaaaaaaagaaagaaaaagaaaaggagatgagatgggtgactcaagatgcatcaagcaaaggaagaacaatatgatgatgatgatgttgttgttgtagtggtggttgaggttggaagttggatggaaagagggaggaaggaagaagatggggttgttgtgttgtcctcccacaaatctctatttaattttaattcccttttgtataaaatttattattatctgtggagagcattattatcagcttgagctagtggcatctttcttttt</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001068716.1 RefSeq:Os08g0504700]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 8]]
[[Category:Chromosome 8]]

File:OsSAP11 transgenic1.jpg

2015-03-05T14:19:11Z

Zhangye:

File:OsSAP11 Cloning1.jpg

2015-03-05T14:18:48Z

Zhangye:

Os08g0454000

2015-03-05T12:36:58Z

Zhangye: Created page with "'''''OsDERF1''''' (''drought-responsive ERF genes 1'') is a '''novel putative ERF protein''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>. ==Annotated Information== ===Function=== [[File: OsDER..."

'''''OsDERF1''''' (''drought-responsive ERF genes 1'') is a '''novel putative ERF protein''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
[[File: OsDERF1 Function1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|'''Figure 1.''' ''OsDERF1 transcriptionally regulates drought response in rice.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
*''OsDERF1'' '''negatively regulates drought stress''' through '''affecting osmolyte accumulation''' in rice. ''OsDERF1'' '''directly interacted with GCC box''' in ''OsERF3'' and ''OsAP2-39'' genes to activate the genes expression(Figure 1)<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Transcriptional activation of ''OsDERF1'' in ''OsERF3'' and ''OsAP2-39'' '''negatively regulates ethylene biosynthesis'''. '''ACC application''' partially recovers the drought tolerance of ''OsDERF1''-targeted ''OsERF3''(Figure 1). ''OsDERF1'' can not only '''activate''' the expression of '''rice ERF repressors''', but can also '''up-regulate''' the expression of ''OsGSK1'', ''OsPP2C'', ''OsABI5'' and ''OsGA2ox1''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*ERF protein OsDERF1 as a '''transcriptional activator''' directly interacts with GCC box, resulting in the expression of rice repressors ''OsERF3'' and ''OsAP2-39'' (Figure 1). These repressors further '''suppress the expression''' of '''ethylene synthesis-related genes''', possibly interacting with GCC box and DRE, thereby reducing ethylene production. The decreased ethylene production disorders the hormone balance, subsequently affecting osmotic adjustment and drought response in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Mutation===
OE and RI<ref name="ref1"/>：
*Overexpression of ''OsDERF1'' (OE)
*RNA interference ''OsDERF1'' rice/knockdown of ''OsDERF1''(RI)
*RI '''seedling''' significantly '''decreased''' while OE lines '''enhanced malondialdehyde''' (MDA) '''accumulation under PEG treatment''', an end product of membrane lipid peroxidation, indicating that ''OsDERF1'' '''positive affects the production of oxidative stress'''.
*OE seedlings had '''reduced expression''' (while RI lines showed '''enhanced expression''') of '''ethylene synthesis genes''', thereby resulting in '''changes in ethylene production'''.
*OE led to '''reduced tolerance to drought''' stress in rice at '''seedling stage''', while RI expression conferred '''enhanced tolerance''' at '''seedling''' and '''tillering stages'''. This regulation was supported by negative modulation in osmotic adjustment response.
*Interestingly, 979 genes showed '''two fold increases''' in OE lines compared to Nipponbare, suggesting that overexpression of ''OsDERF1'' can '''activate''' the expression of a large number of genes.

===Expression===
*The expression of ''OsDERF1'' is '''induced by dehydration''', '''ABA''' and '''ethylene precursor ACC'''<ref name="ref1"/>:
**The expression of ''OsDERF1'' was '''highly induced by ACC''' treatment at 1 h, and reached maximum induction at 2 h, then '''decreased'''.
**The transcripts of ''OsDERF1'' in '''response to dehydration''' were '''quickly peaked''' at 0.5 h then '''decreased'''. Interestingly, the transcripts of ''OsDERF1'' showed a second increase and peaked after dehydration induction for 3 h.
**The expression of ''OsDERF1'' obviously '''increased''' and '''peaked''' after '''ABA treatment''' for 1 h.
**''OsDERF1'' expression '''did not significantly alter''' when seedlings were subjected to salt and cold, indicating that ''OsDERF1'' might be '''associated with ethylene'''- and '''ABA-related drought response'''.
*Overexpression of ''OsERF3''/''OsAP2-39'' '''suppressed ethylene synthesis'''. The transcripts of ''OsDERF1'' were '''highly expressed in seedling roots''' and '''sheaths''', compared to seedling leaves, whereas the expression of ''OsDERF1'' was '''mainly detected in leaves''', '''sheaths''', '''stems''', and in '''flowers''' during '''flowering stages''', indicating that the ''OsDERF1'' might '''mainly function''' at the '''tissues''' as the '''transcriptional expression'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
''OsDERF1'' is '''a nuclear-localized protein'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
''OsDERF1'' located in rice '''chromosome 8''', '''encodes''' a 243-amino-acid protein with predicted molecular mass of 23.8 kDa. Amino acid analysis indicated that the putative protein '''contains a typical ERF/AP2 domain''' at 26–91th amino acids, an '''activation domain''' at 161–180th amino acids, and a '''nuclear localization signal''' at 25–34th amino acids. The '''conserved protein sequence''' implies that ''OsDERF1'' might have '''an important regulatory role''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
*Transcription factors are important among the stress-responsive genes, and their protein products are known to regulate the expression of other stress-responsive genes via binding to the regulatory elements. Among the plant transcription factors, '''ethylene response factor''' ('''ERF''') is one of the '''largest subfamilies of Apetala2 (AP2)/ERF transcription factor family''' and is characterized with single AP2 domain<ref name="ref2"/>.

*'''ERFs''' are a double-edged sword; though most of the ERFs are activators of stress-responsive genes, certain ERF could act as repressor, and this phenomenon of ERF has been well discussed in this review. ERFs are important in plant stress management and complexity in regulation of ERF expression in response to various stresses<ref name="ref2"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
*National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
*National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Beijing, China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Wan L, Zhang J, Zhang H, et al. Transcriptional activation of OsDERF1 in OsERF3 and OsAP2-39 negatively modulates ethylene synthesis and drought tolerance in rice[J]. PLoS One, 2011, 6(9): e25216.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Thirugnanasambantham K, Durairaj S, Saravanan S, et al. Role of Ethylene Response Transcription Factor (ERF) and Its Regulation in Response to Stress Encountered by Plants[J]. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 2014: 1-11.
</ref>
</references>

File:OsDERF1 Function1.jpg

2015-03-05T12:34:57Z

Zhangye:

Os06g0727200

2015-03-05T08:08:20Z

Zhangye:

Catalase isozyme B ('''''OsCATB''''') plays a pivotal role in '''response to water stress'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*Water stress-induced ABA '''prevents the excessive accumulation of H2O2''', through the induction of the expression of ''CATB'' gene during water stress. ''OsCATB'' is '''significantly induced by ABA''' and plays a '''key role in controlling H2O2 accumulation''' under water stress<ref name="ref1"/>.

*'''In other words''', water stress induced rapid accumulation of ABA in and H2O2mediated by ABA as a key regulator in rice leaves. ABA not only mediates the accumulation of H2O2, but also indirectly controls H2O2 level by regulating the expression of ''OsCATB''<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004096 GO:0004096],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006118 GO:0006118], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006979 GO:0006979]

===Expression===
*The '''''CATB'' gene''' is '''mainly''' expressed in '''seed and root''' with rather a '''low''' level of expression in rice '''leaves'''<ref name="ref1"/>. As for ''OsCATB'', high expression was observed in the '''panicles''', '''leaf sheaths''', and '''culms'''. In leaves, ''OsCATA'' and ''NOE1/OsCATC'' were '''highly''' expressed but ''OsCATB'' was much '''less abundant'''<ref name="ref2"/>.

*''OsCATC'' is the photorespiration CAT located in the peroxisome while ''OsCATB'', which also '''bears a peroxisomal targeting signal near the C terminus''', tends to be expressed in root and seed; the '''decomposition of photorespiration-associated H2O2''' seems unlikely to be the result of ''OsCATB'' gene expression<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The expression of both ''CATA'' and ''CATC'' is significantly suppressed by water stress whereas the ''CATB'' transcript is '''induced by water stress''', which indicating that the ''OsCATB'' gene may play an important role under water stress<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that the expression of ''OsCATA'', ''OsCATB'', and ''NOE1''/''OsCATC'' varied in different tissues<ref name="ref2"/>.

*In addition, no compensatory induction of ''OsCATA'' and ''OsCATB'' transcripts was observed in ''noe1'' plants<ref name="ref2"/>. ''CatB'' has a '''promoter region''' that shows preferential expression in the '''roots''' during root development of rice. The –329 to +298 region of ''CatB'' could be useful for expressing transgenes preferentially in the roots of not only monocots such as rice but of dicots such as ''Arabidopsis''<ref name="ref3"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: CAT protein phylogenic1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Phylogenetic analysis of CAT protein sequences.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
*Fig. 1 shows the polygenetic analysis of ''OsCAT'' genes in comparison with CAT gene families of other plant species. Except for the dicot ''Arabidopsis'' CAT genes, the other monocot CAT genes are '''classified into three groups'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*'''Two orthologs''' of ''OsCATB'', ''CAT1'' from maize and ''CAT2'' from wheat, were proved to be induced by water stress<ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref5"/>, which indicating that ''CATC'' gene is responsible for scavenging photorespiration-associated H2O2 production and CATB gene plays a pivotal role in response to water stress<ref name="ref1"/>.

*''NOE1''/''OsCATC'' encodes the rice catalase domain-containing protein and has '''extremely high sequence similarity with''' catalase isozyme A (''OsCATA'') and catalase isozyme B (''OsCATB'') in rice and three catalase isozymes in ''Arabidopsis''<ref name="ref2"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
The production of both ABA and H2O2 is induced by drought and can act as signals under stress conditions. As a key gene in ABA biosynthesis, ''OsNCED3'' was significantly induced in rice by water stress treatment and such induction preceded the rapid increase in ABA. Water stress inhibited the expression of ''CATA'' and ''CATC'' but substantially enhanced the expression of ''CATB''. Exogenously applied ABA promoted the expression of ''CATB'' also and inhibited the expression of ''CATC'' in a concentration-dependent manner<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
*College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, China
*State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, China
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology
*Proteomics Platform, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, United Kingdom
*Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Ye N, Zhu G, Liu Y, et al. ABA controls H2O2 accumulation through the induction of OsCATB in rice leaves under water stress[J]. Plant and cell physiology, 2011, 52(4): 689-698.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Lin A, Wang Y, Tang J, et al. Nitric oxide and protein S-nitrosylation are integral to hydrogen peroxide-induced leaf cell death in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2012, 158(1): 451-464.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Iwamoto M, Higo H, Higo K. Strong expression of the rice catalase gene CatB promoter in protoplasts and roots of both a monocot and dicots[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2004, 42(3): 241-249.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Guan L M, Scandalios J G. Hydrogen peroxide-mediated catalase gene expression in response to wounding[J]. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2000, 28(8): 1182-1190.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Luna C M, Pastori G M, Driscoll S, et al. Drought controls on H2O2 accumulation, catalase (CAT) activity and CAT gene expression in wheat[J]. Journal of experimental botany, 2005, 56(411): 417-423.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0727200|
Description = Catalase isozyme B (EC 1.11.1.6) (CAT-B)|
Version = NM_001065170.1 GI:115470071 GeneID:4342124|
Length = 3892 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0727200, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:31821287..31825178|
CDS = 31821391..31821405,31821522..31821618,31822530..31822807,31823159..31823935,31824157..31824246 ,31824441..31824508,31824599..31824692,31824805..31824864|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:31821287..31825178
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:31821287..31825178
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggatccctacaagcatcggccgtccagcgggagcaattccaccttctggaccaccaactccggcgcccccgtctggaacaacaactccgccctcaccgtcggagagcgaggccctatcctccttgaggactatcatctgattgaaaagcttgcacagtttgacagggagcgtatccctgaacgtgtcgttcatgcaaggggagccagtgccaagggattttttgaggttactcatgatatttctcacctcacatgtgctgattttctccgtgctcctggtgttcagaccccagttattgttcggttctccacagtcgtgcatgagcgtggaagccctgagacattgagggatccacgtggttttgctgtcaagttttacactagagagggtaattttgatcttgttgggaacaatatgcctgtcttttttatccgagatgggatgaaattccctgacatggtccatgctttcaagccaagtccaaagaccaatatgcaggagaactggagaatagttgatttcttttcacaccacccagagagcctgcacatgttctccttcctctttgacgatgtaggcatcccactcaactacaggcacatggagggttttggtgtcaacacctacaccctaatcaataaggatggaaagcctcaccttgtcaaattccactggaagcctacctgtggtgtcaaatgcctgttggatgatgaagctgtgactgttggcggcacctgccacagccatgccacgaaggacttgactgattctattgcagcagggaattacccagagtggaagctttacatccagactattgatcctgatcatgaggacagatttgacttcgatcctcttgatgtcaccaagacatggccagaggatatcatccccctgcagccagttggacggatggtcctgaacaaaaacattgataacttctttgcagaaaatgaacagcttgctttctgcccagcgataattgtccctggaatccattactctgatgataagctgctccagacaagaattttctcctatgctgatacccaaaggcaccgtcttggcccaaactatttgatgcttcctgtgaatgcaccaaaatgtgcataccacaacaaccaccacgatggctccatgaatttcatgcacagggatgaagaggttaactacttcccttcaaggtttgatgctgcacgtcatgctgagaaggtccctattcctcctcgtgttctaacaggctgtcgggaaaagtgtgtcattgacaaggagaacaatttccaacaggctggtgagagataccggtcatttgaccctgccaggcaagatcgttttctccagcggtgggttgatgctctctcagatcctcgtattacacatgaactccgtggcatctggatctcctactggtcgcagtgtgatgcgtcccttgggcagaagctggcttcacgtctcaacctgaaaccaaacatgtag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MDPYKHRPSSGSNSTFWTTNSGAPVWNNNSALTVGERGPILLED YHLIEKLAQFDRERIPERVVHARGASAKGFFEVTHDISHLTCADFLRAPGVQTPVIVR FSTVVHERGSPETLRDPRGFAVKFYTREGNFDLVGNNMPVFFIRDGMKFPDMVHAFKP SPKTNMQENWRIVDFFSHHPESLHMFSFLFDDVGIPLNYRHMEGFGVNTYTLINKDGK PHLVKFHWKPTCGVKCLLDDEAVTVGGTCHSHATKDLTDSIAAGNYPEWKLYIQTIDP DHEDRFDFDPLDVTKTWPEDIIPLQPVGRMVLNKNIDNFFAENEQLAFCPAIIVPGIH YSDDKLLQTRIFSYADTQRHRLGPNYLMLPVNAPKCAYHNNHHDGSMNFMHRDEEVNY FPSRFDAARHAEKVPIPPRVLTGCREKCVIDKENNFQQAGERYRSFDPARQDRFLQRW VDALSDPRITHELRGIWISYWSQCDASLGQKLASRLNLKPNM</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>105..119#236..332#1244..1521#1873..2649#2871..2960#3155..3222#3313..3406#3519..3578#cttctctcctcgtccttatcaccaccaatccgatcctcttctcttctcttctcttcttccccacatccagttcgattctcatctctcccacaacaaatcacgccatggatccctacaaggtgccgccttttcctgattttcttttcttctagatcgatcgtcgatttggtttggtttggtttcttgatgcgctcatcccaatctgactgactcactggattcctcctccttgcagcatcggccgtccagcgggagcaattccaccttctggaccaccaactccggcgcccccgtctggaacaacaactccgccctcaccgtcggagagcgaggtactgagctgctccatcctccatcttcctcatctcttcctccacgaatctatacttcctatcgatccatgtgctttatgtctgcttagaggcgtatttgggcttgcttccatcatgatccaatgttaactttgagcgatcagatgcttaataatttgtctgtgtctggtagcaacagaaaaggtccctggatctgtgtgaattggactgtagcacgacgtgtgcgatcttgccttactattgttcctttagagctattcaaagtttgcatctttggtgtgggggggttttcagccttttgctttgagtaacatgtccttgtcactaccttgtgattcatctgtgctgcttacacacaaagaggaagatctctagtttggttgcactatgttcttgttattgctcggttacactccttcatcaacgctaaaagacgcagtcttgatatttttctctgtcgctgtcaatctgtcataccattaataaagaacgtataaaaattgaccttttccccattcatagtagtgattatctcacttgtcctcagttctaaaacagcattcttgttttttgggggtttttttaccattatcggttcactttacaaagtaatctgatgacgatcaaatttactggagtaccagagaagcacaagtctatttcatacatatatccaacatgactcaagtttcgaaagtgactggaagtcatgttccaaatgtcatggtcactaaaagtaccaaactctgacaaagatgtatttgcatctagaactaagtgcttctatcatcgatctgtgaagttttctttctagtgttttccctttatttatactcagcaactcctgtatttttgcaatctgtaatcatggctgttttgtggtttgacatgatgaattcttcaatcgacaggccctatcctccttgaggactatcatctgattgaaaagcttgcacagtttgacagggagcgtatccctgaacgtgtcgttcatgcaaggggagccagtgccaagggattttttgaggttactcatgatatttctcacctcacatgtgctgattttctccgtgctcctggtgttcagaccccagttattgttcggttctccacagtcgtgcatgagcgtggaagccctgagacattgagggatccacgtggttttgctgtcaagttttacactagagaggtacttgctctttcgcttctttctttcataggattgtaggagggagacattcagtataatgtattcttcaagcataaggctgtagaatcaaatgtctagttgttctcagttggttaagtagaacatgaaagattggttgtcctttacctccacactccataggtccagtgcattgcttaatcttatatctactaaagcaaatgagggtaatttggtcttatatatctcaaaagtctcacacattggacatatatctaaccagtgtcacctacaactttgtcttactgtttatttactgatttgcattcagtgctgccatattttgatattttctgagtcaatgcttttcagggtaattttgatcttgttgggaacaatatgcctgtcttttttatccgagatgggatgaaattccctgacatggtccatgctttcaagccaagtccaaagaccaatatgcaggagaactggagaatagttgatttcttttcacaccacccagagagcctgcacatgttctccttcctctttgacgatgtaggcatcccactcaactacaggcacatggagggttttggtgtcaacacctacaccctaatcaataaggatggaaagcctcaccttgtcaaattccactggaagcctacctgtggtgtcaaatgcctgttggatgatgaagctgtgactgttggcggcacctgccacagccatgccacgaaggacttgactgattctattgcagcagggaattacccagagtggaagctttacatccagactattgatcctgatcatgaggacagatttgacttcgatcctcttgatgtcaccaagacatggccagaggatatcatccccctgcagccagttggacggatggtcctgaacaaaaacattgataacttctttgcagaaaatgaacagcttgctttctgcccagcgataattgtccctggaatccattactctgatgataagctgctccagacaagaattttctcctatgctgatacccaaaggcaccgtcttggcccaaactatttgatgcttcctgtgaatgcaccaaaatgtgcataccacaacaaccaccacgatggctccatgaatttcatgcacagggatgaagaggtactgtgtgtatatactttcagagatacatctcctgcattcagttgttgtgatgcatctttctgtttttgtccattacatattgtttcttccagtcaacacaaacagaatgggactatcattcagtttattgcatttacatctatttgccttgtttttaggttaactacttcccttcaattcagtttattgcatttacatctatttgccttgttttttaggttaactacttcccttcaaggtttgatgctgcacgtcatgctgagaaggtccctattcctcctcgtgttctaacaggctgtcgggaaaaggtgtgtaacttggtccacttgaactccttgcgctgttaccttgtgagcatggttttgtcccgctacattaggagactatttgctgatttggaatgcgatgaaatatgtattatagatgtggtaccctggaaagtacaatgaccacatgcatttgacacaatgttttctgcctctcttttttgttggaaatgcagtgtgtcattgacaaggagaacaatttccaacaggctggtgagagataccggtcatttgaccctgccaggtttgttcttgttcaatttaattcgtgtgaacacatcgaagagtttgagcaacaacgctaattaaacttttctttttgtatgtaacacaggcaagatcgttttctccagcggtgggttgatgctctctcagatcctcgtattacacatgaactccgtggcatctggatctcctactggtcgcaggtaacataatttcttcgtgggtgcaaagtgcttatcagttgtcagtgagagatcatgtacaattgtaccttgtattgacacactgaaaccatatatttgtgtgttgttgcagtgtgatgcgtcccttgggcagaagctggcttcacgtctcaacctgaaaccaaacatgtagatcggccaggaggaatccagtggtggtgctatgttggacagtcaaacatgaactgtaatgtgtcgaccagccgtagtcgtgaataaaatgtgatacggtgatatgtatactggtgacgcaagttgtgaaactgtatctggaatcctgaaaatatgccttgctgtgtcttgggaaagagataataaagactgatacagtgggtgctatatgtttgaacttgtttatacatctgccatctcttgtttgcctttgtgttaagatggctttagagactggaacgaacaaccagctgtttgcctttgtgcctttgtgtt</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001065170.1 RefSeq:Os06g0727200]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

File:CAT protein phylogenic1.jpg

2015-03-05T08:07:34Z

Zhangye:

Os06g0662200

2015-03-05T06:51:13Z

Zhangye:

'''''OsbZIP52'''''/'''''RISBZ5''''' is a member of the '''basic leucine zipper''' (bZIP) '''transcription factor''' (TF) '''family''' in rice isolated from rice (Zhonghua11) '''panicles'''.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
*A transactivation assay in yeast demonstrated that ''OsbZIP52'' functions as a '''transcriptional activator''' and can specifically '''bind to the G-box promoter motif'''. In a yeast two-hybrid (Y-2-H) experiment, ''OsbZIP52'' was able to '''form homodimeric complexes'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*''OsbZIP52'' might '''bind''' the '''cis-acting G-box elements''' in the promoters of '''down-stream genes'''. ''OsbZIP52''/''RISBZ5'' could function as a '''negative regulator''' in '''cold and drought stress''' environments<ref name="ref1"/>.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005634 GO:0005634],[http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043565 GO:0043565], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046983 GO:0046983]

===Mutation===
transgenic rice and WT<ref name="ref1"/>:
*Realtime PCR analysis revealed that some abiotic stress-related genes, such as ''OsLEA3'', ''OsTPP1'', ''Rab25'', ''gp1'' precursor, ''β-gal'', ''LOC_Os05g11910'' and ''LOC_Os05g39250'', were '''down-regulated''' in ''OsbZIP52'' overexpression lines.
*Seed germination in the transgenic rice and WT was similar on plates with or without ABA. There were no significant differences between the WT and transgenic rice for shoot length, root length and root number when they were grown in nutrient solution with or without ABA. Thus, ''OsbZIP52'' was not sensitive to ABA.

===Expression===
*''OsbZIP52'' was '''constitutively expressed''' in almost all the tissues and organs examined, including the '''shoots''', '''roots''', '''stems''', '''Xag leaves''', '''Xowers''' and '''seeds''', and the expression in '''Xowers and seeds''' was '''higher''' than in the other tissues<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Expression of the ''OsbZIP52'' gene was '''strongly induced by low temperature''' (4°C) but '''not by''' drought, PEG, salt, or ABA. ''OsbZIP52'' had '''weak transactivation activity''', which required a full-length CDS region<ref name="ref1"/>.

*Overexpression of ''OsbZIP52'' results in '''sensitivity to drought''' and''' cold stress'''. Rice plants overexpressing ''OsbZIP52'' showed significantly '''increased sensitivity to cold and drought''' stress. Overexpression of ''OsbZIP52'' led to '''down-regulation''' of stress-related genes<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Subcellular localization===
*The subcellular localization of OsbZIP52-GFP in onion epidermis cells revealed that ''OsbZIP52'' is a '''nuclear localized protein'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Evolution===
[[File: GroupC bZIP phylogenic1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 1.''' phylogenetic relationships among plant Group C bZIP members.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
*NCBI BLASTp results also showed that ''OsbZIP52'' was '''similar''' to maize ''O2'' and O2-like TFs from other plants. Further classification using MEGA4.0 with the known classified bZIP TFs<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/>. ''OsbZIP52'' '''belongs to Group C''' of the '''bZIP family''' (Fig. 1)<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The Group C bZIP TFs play '''important roles in diverse biologic processes''', such as seed maturity, Xower development, light signal transduction, and stress response. Amino acid sequence alignment demonstrated '''high similarity to''' ''AtbZIP9''/''BZO2H2'', ''OsbZIP15''/''RISBZ4'', ''OsbZIP20''/''RISBZ3''/''RITA-1'' and ''AtbZIP10''<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
[[File:ABA signaling pathways.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 2.'''''Summary of ABA signaling pathways that result in drought stress resistant responses.(from reference <ref name="ref4"/>).'']]
*The ability of rice to germinate under anoxia by extending the coleoptile is a highly unusual characteristic and a key feature underpinning the ability of rice seeds to establish in such a stressful environment. The process has been a focal point for research for many years. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anoxic growth of coleoptile still remain largely unknown<ref name="ref4"/>.
*Combined with recent findings on ABA signal transduction in ''Arabidopsis'' (Fig. 2), investigation into the genetic regulation of core ABA signal transduction components could promote the introduction of drought tolerance responses into various crop species. Since the identification of PYR/PYL/RCARs, a better understanding of signaling networks among the canonical ABA signaling components has shed light on the genetic modification of ABA signal transduction for improving drought tolerance in plants<ref name="ref4"/>.
*Major targets for this purpose include PYR/PYL/RCARs-PP2CSnRK2s complexes as well as their phosphorylation substrates such as transcription factors or channel proteins. A PP2C binds to a SnRK2 in the absence of ABA and mediate dephosphorylation of the ''SnRK2'' (Fig. 2). On the other hand, activation of ''SnRK2s'' as a critical positive signal for ABA signaling usually begins with autophosphorylation of ''SnRK2s''<ref name="ref4"/>.
*Unlike other cereal species, rice is able to germinate and elongate under anoxia. The regulatory mechanism that configures the transcriptome of rice during anaerobic germination is yet to be established. Although some rice varieties exhibit some degree of tolerance to anaerobic stress that normally occurs during partial (hypoxia) or complete submergence (anoxia), it remains a major factor that limits productivity specially for the rainfed lowland cropping systems in Southeast Asia, where an average family relies on subsistence rice farming<ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref6"/><ref name="ref7"/>.
*[[Os09g0306400|''OsbZIP71'']] is a member of anoxia stressed up-regulated transcription factors with potential significance to the pattern of cis-element enrichment among the upregulated genes<ref name="ref5"/><ref name="ref8"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
*National Center for Molecular Crop Design, Weiming Kaituo Agriculture Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing 100085, People’s Republic of China

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Liu C, Wu Y, Wang X. bZIP transcription factor OsbZIP52/RISBZ5: a potential negative regulator of cold and drought stress response in rice[J]. Planta, 2012, 235(6): 1157-1169.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Corrêa L G G, Riaño-Pachón D M, Schrago C G, et al. The role of bZIP transcription factors in green plant evolution: adaptive features emerging from four founder genes[J]. PLoS One, 2008, 3(8): e2944.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Nijhawan A, Jain M, Tyagi A K, et al. Genomic survey and gene expression analysis of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor family in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2008, 146(2): 333-350.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Kim T H. Mechanism of ABA signal transduction: Agricultural highlights for improving drought tolerance[J]. Journal of Plant Biology, 2014, 57(1): 1-8.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref5">
Mohanty B, Herath V, Wijaya E, et al. Patterns of cis-element enrichment reveal potential regulatory modules involved in the transcriptional regulation of anoxia response of japonica rice[J]. Gene, 2012, 511(2): 235-242.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref6">
JACKSON M B, RAM P C. Physiological and molecular basis of susceptibility and tolerance of rice plants to complete submergence[J]. Annals of Botany, 2003, 91(2): 227-241.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref7">
Xu K, Xu X, Fukao T, et al. Sub1A encodes an ethylene responsive-like factor that confers submergence tolerance to rice[J]. Nature, 2006, 442: 705-708.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref8">
Lakshmanan M, Mohanty B, Lim S H, et al. Metabolic and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying the anoxic adaptation of rice coleoptile[J]. AoB Plants, 2014: plu026.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0662200|
Description = Eukaryotic transcription factor, DNA-binding domain containing protein|
Version = NM_001064816.1 GI:115469363 GeneID:4341753|
Length = 2173 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0662200, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:28176935..28179107|
CDS = 28177633..28177899,28178154..28178279,28178363..28178438,28178530..28178665,28178810..28179092 |
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:28176935..28179107
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:28176935..28179107
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgatgaagaagtgcccgtcggagctgcagctggaggcgttcatccgggaggaggccggcgccggcgaccgcaagcccggcgtgttatctcccggcgacggcgcgcgtaagtccggcctgttctctcccggcgacggcgagatgtccgtgttggatcagagtacactggacggaagcggcggcggccaccagctgtggtggccggagagcgtccgtacgccgccgcgcgccgccgccgccttctcggccacggccgacgagcggacgccggcgtccatctccgatgaccccaaaccaaccacctcagcgaaccacgcgcctgaaagcgactcggactccgattgcgattcgctgttagaagcagagaggagtccacgcctgcgtggcacgaaatccacagaaacaaagcgaataagaaggatggtgtccaacagggagtccgctcgacgatccaggaggagaaagcaggcacagttatctgaactcgaatcacaggtcgagcaactcaaaggcgaaaactcatccctcttcaagcagctcacagagtccagccagcagttcaatacagcggtcacggacaacaggatcctcaaatcggatgtagaggccttaagagtcaaggtcaagatggctgaagacatggtcgcgagggccgcgatgtcgtgtggcctgggccagctcgggctggcgccattgctcagctccaggaagatgtgccaagctttggatatgctcagtttaccacggaacgatgcctgtggtttcaaaggcttgaacctgggtcgacaggttcagaactcaccggttcaaagcgctgcaagcctagagagcctggacaaccggatatccagcgaggtgaccagctgctcggctgatgtgtggccttaa</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MMKKCPSELQLEAFIREEAGAGDRKPGVLSPGDGARKSGLFSPG DGEMSVLDQSTLDGSGGGHQLWWPESVRTPPRAAAAFSATADERTPASISDDPKPTTS ANHAPESDSDSDCDSLLEAERSPRLRGTKSTETKRIRRMVSNRESARRSRRRKQAQLS ELESQVEQLKGENSSLFKQLTESSQQFNTAVTDNRILKSDVEALRVKVKMAEDMVARA AMSCGLGQLGLAPLLSSRKMCQALDMLSLPRNDACGFKGLNLGRQVQNSPVQSAASLE SLDNRISSEVTSCSADVWP</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1209..1475#829..954#670..745#443..578#16..298#ggtcggaggaaggcgatgatgaagaagtgcccgtcggagctgcagctggaggcgttcatccgggaggaggccggcgccggcgaccgcaagcccggcgtgttatctcccggcgacggcgcgcgtaagtccggcctgttctctcccggcgacggcgagatgtccgtgttggatcagagtacactggacggaagcggcggcggccaccagctgtggtggccggagagcgtccgtacgccgccgcgcgccgccgccgccttctcggccacggccgacgagcggacgccggcgtccatctccggtaggtacacatgacataatttgagtttttttgagttacagagctattgtgcaaacagcccattttctatgcgtttatttggagttatgaaacacacccaaatttagtcaaattcatcacatgttgggttcattttggttgcagatgaccccaaaccaaccacctcagcgaaccacgcgcctgaaagcgactcggactccgattgcgattcgctgttagaagcagagaggagtccacgcctgcgtggcacgaaatccacagaaacaaagcgaataagaaggtacatagtgatcgatcaatcttgatttctagcaaatgcaacaaatttgaacagagaacgcattcttatgaactgcttgttcgaatttcaggatggtgtccaacagggagtccgctcgacgatccaggaggagaaagcaggcacagttatctgaactcgaatcacaggtattataaacttcaaagttcaaatttccagatgcgttgatgcaaatatcagtgtgatcttacagcaatccatctatgatcaggtcgagcaactcaaaggcgaaaactcatccctcttcaagcagctcacagagtccagccagcagttcaatacagcggtcacggacaacaggatcctcaaatcggatgtagaggccttaagagtcaaggtaattagaaaccaaactctccttcagccaccaattatcggcgcatttaacttttcgccacttttaagatgaggtaattaagaatttaccacccatagtctatgacaacatatgggtctttatcactttatgtgtctatgacatgtgagtccaattgcaaattgtcactcgtaagagtggtaaatagttaattgtttctgatgatcggcttccggcatctctccaaacttaccaattcttggcttcgatcccaggtcaagatggctgaagacatggtcgcgagggccgcgatgtcgtgtggcctgggccagctcgggctggcgccattgctcagctccaggaagatgtgccaagctttggatatgctcagtttaccacggaacgatgcctgtggtttcaaaggcttgaacctgggtcgacaggttcagaactcaccggttcaaagcgctgcaagcctagagagcctggacaaccggatatccagcgaggtgaccagctgctcggctgatgtgtggccttaagacacttcatccgtgttcgagagagcttgagattctaagaagcagccggtgagaatctgaaaaggctagttgttcagtttcctatttttagtttatgtttgaattctctggctactaatgctcaaaatctgggagagaatctaaatcgtttgggacagataaaaaattatgcgagaaggtgtagctgacagaaaccttcccaaacaaatctccatcagaacctatatgtaaagtaatacggtatcctctgttactaggtgcatgtgcataactgacaagctgctaagtactaggtactacagtctgaggcaagtatttctggtgttttggtgctgaagaactatgttttagtgcgtttgatctgcggcaatcaaggccatctgatcgaaatttgattggtataaatctgatcgaaatttgattggtataagtataatagtttgattttgatcacctctagtcgtcagcgcctttggtgtatacgctctgtaacatctgttacgaattgatctgttcagtatacttcaacagtcctgcattggttcagttcttggcgtagctctggtgcttctggtgcgcatagcatcggtgtgaaatgtgccacttttcatggcagttgtaatagtaaacgactgcaaaattacggtgtactataattcctaaacaaatatgtgacaattacgatgaaaattatcact</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001064816.1 RefSeq:Os06g0662200]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

File:GroupC bZIP phylogenic1.jpg

2015-03-05T06:48:38Z

Zhangye:

Os06g0561000

2015-03-05T06:31:03Z

Zhangye: /* Expression */

'''''OsMIOX''''', a '''myo-inositol oxygenase gene''', '''improves drought tolerance''' through '''scavenging of reactive oxygen species''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
''OsMIOX'' has a '''specific function''' in '''drought stress tolerance''' by '''decreasing oxidative damage'''. The '''expression levels''' of '''ROS scavenging genes''', ''CatB'', ''POD1'', ''POD2'', ''APX1'' and ''APX2'' were '''indeed up-regulated''', which '''may''' contribute to '''decrease the accumulation of ROS''' in OsMIOX-overexpressing plants under drought stress<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Mutation===
Transgenic lines and wild type<ref name="ref1"/>:
*The transgenic rice lines overexpressing ''OsMIOX'' showed obviously '''improved growth performance''' in the medium containing 200 mM '''mannitol'''.
*Further, the '''survival rate''' of '''leaves''' from the transgenic rice lines was significantly '''higher''' than that of the wild type plants under '''polyethylene glycol treatment'''.
*It was discovered that the '''activity of ROS scavenging enzymes''' and '''proline content''', as well as the transcript levels of '''many ROS scavenging genes''' were significantly '''increased''' in transgenic plants compared to the wild type plants under drought stress conditions.
*Four-week-old transgenic homozygous lines and the WT were treated with 20% PEG6000 for 6 days and then allowed to recover for 17 days.
**The transgenic lines '''recovered more quickly''' than the WT, and showed a total recovery of 38–46%, while the WT plants were '''severely affected''' by drought stress and had only 18–22% recovery.
**The '''water loss''' was determined by comparing the '''rates''' of '''change in fresh weight''' of the '''detached leaves'''. The water loss assay showed that the transgenic lines had a '''slower dehydration rate''' compared to WT, with a 0.28–2.6% lag from the beginning to 6 h after dehydration.

===Expression===
*''OsMIOX'' was expressed '''predominantly''' in the '''roots''' and '''induced by drought''', '''H2O2''', '''salt''', '''cold''' and '''abscisic acid'''. ''OsMIOX'' was more strongly induced in IRAT109 than that in Nipponbare under all treatments except for cold. The '''expression peak''' of ''OsMIOX'' was '''later''' in IRAT109 than that in Nipponbare under all treatments except salt and cold, indicating that the '''damage in UR''' was '''weaker''' and '''occurred later''' than that in LR, which suggesting that ''OsMIOX'' may be involved in abiotic stress responses, and related to drought tolerance in plant<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The '''GUS activity''' was detected in '''spikelets''', '''stem''', '''leaves''', especially in '''roots''', and the activity was '''strongly induced by drought stress''', indicating that ''OsMIOX'' was expressed in all rice organs and induced by drought stress. Overexpression of ''OsMIOX'' '''increases free proline contents''' under drought stress and '''increases the ROS-scavenging ability''' and '''decreases oxidative damage'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The third ranked gene is Os06g0561000. From the GO annotation, its function is '''inferred to participate in biological process''' as '''inositol catabolic process''', '''L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process''' and '''oxidation-reduction'''. Its corresponding protein is placed in '''cytoplasm''' by GO that has molecular function as '''iron ion binding''', '''oxidoreductase activity''', '''metal ion binding''' and '''inositol oxygenase activity'''. It is expressed as unnamed inositol oxygenase putatively<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/>.

===Evolution===
The ORF of OsMIOX obtained from UR variety, IRAT109, encodes a protein of 308 amino acids (aa). The BLAST analysis showed that the predicted amino acid sequence of the OsMIOX protein had '''high identity''' to other plant MIOX proteins, especially to Zea mays
('''87.99%'''), Vitis vinifera ('''75.56%''') and ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' ('''74.28%'''), and had '''43.69% identity''' to that from Homo sapiens, '''41.42% identity''' to that from Sus scrofa<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
[[File: myo-inositol Functional1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Functional roles of myo-inositol in plant metabolism.(from reference <ref name="ref4"/>).'']]
*Fig. 1 summarizes this information by categorizing specific products of myo-inositol (MI) metabolism with particular interest to plant biologists and by identifying avenues of inquiry which may lead to a better appreciation of this unique molecule and its position in plant science<ref name="ref4"/>.

*Colored backgrounds in Fig. 1 attempt to provide a sense of related functions while avoiding the confusion of ‘metabolic mapping’. Beyond its inhibitory effect on myo-inositol (MI) monophosphatase, little is known regarding its impact on availability of free myo-inositol (MI) for numerous biosynthetic and regulatory requirements (Fig. 1)<ref name="ref4"/>.

*Lithium ion delayed initiation of DNA synthesis and cell division when introduced into synchronized Catharanthus roseus cell cultures, a condition largely prevented when MI was included in the medium<ref name="ref4"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Key Lab of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
*International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Duan J, Zhang M, Zhang H, et al. OsMIOX, a myo-inositol oxygenase gene, improves drought tolerance through scavenging of reactive oxygen species in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Plant Science, 2012, 196: 143-151.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Wang J, Zhang F, Wang Y, et al. Identification of Salt Tolerance Genes in Rice from Microarray Data using SVM-RFE[C]//BICoB. 2011: 30-35.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Tanaka T, Antonio B A, Kikuchi S, et al. The rice annotation project database (RAP-DB): 2008 update[J]. Nucleic acids research, 2008, 36(Supp 1): D1028-D1033.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Loewus F A, Murthy P P N. myo-Inositol metabolism in plants[J]. Plant Science, 2000, 150(1): 1-19.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0561000|
Description = Similar to Myo-inositol oxygenase|
Version = NM_001064406.1 GI:115468543 GeneID:4341305|
Length = 3905 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0561000, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:22355480..22359384|
CDS = 22355662..22355692,22355836..22355950,22357051..22357132,22357267..22357471,22358060..22358119 ,22358243..22358295,22358412..22358534,22358667..22358736,22358835..22358913 ,22358995..22359076,22359179..22359205|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:22355480..22359384
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:22355480..22359384
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgaccatcaccattgagcagcctcaccttgatgctatcgccgaccggaaggtcgccggcggcggcggcggcgacaacgcggcggagctcgtgctcgacggcggcttcgtcgtgccggactccaacgccttcggcaacgccttcaggaattatgaggccgagtctgagaggaaggagacggtggaggagttctaccgggtcaaccacatcaaccagacatatgatttcgtgaggcggatgcgggaggagtacggtagggtggacaagacggagatggggatctgggagtgcatcgagctgctcaacgagttcatcgacgacagcgacccggacctcgacatgccgcagatcgagcacctcctccagaccgccgaggccatccgcaaggatttccccgacgaggactggctccacctcactggcctcatccacgatctgggcaaggtgctgctgcatcccagctttggggagctcccacagtggtcagtcgtcggtgacaccttccccgtcggctgcgcattcgacgaatgcaacgtccacttcaagtacttcaaggagaaccctgactacctgaacccaaagctcaacaccaagtttggggcctactccgagggctgtggccttgacaatgttctcatgtcctggggccatgacgactacatgtacctggttgccaaggagaacaagaccactcttccttctgcaggcttgttcatcatcagatatcattcattctaccccctgcacaagcatggagcctacatgcatctgatgaacgatgaggacaaggagaacctcaaatggctgcgtgtgttcaacaaatacgacctgtacagcaagagcaatgagaggatagacgttgagaaggtgaagccctactacatgtcactcatcgaaaagtatttcccggccaagttgagatggtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MTITIEQPHLDAIADRKVAGGGGGDNAAELVLDGGFVVPDSNAF GNAFRNYEAESERKETVEEFYRVNHINQTYDFVRRMREEYGRVDKTEMGIWECIELLN EFIDDSDPDLDMPQIEHLLQTAEAIRKDFPDEDWLHLTGLIHDLGKVLLHPSFGELPQ WSVVGDTFPVGCAFDECNVHFKYFKENPDYLNPKLNTKFGAYSEGCGLDNVLMSWGHD DYMYLVAKENKTTLPSAGLFIIRYHSFYPLHKHGAYMHLMNDEDKENLKWLRVFNKYD LYSKSNERIDVEKVKPYYMSLIEKYFPAKLRW</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>183..213#357..471#1572..1653#1788..1992#2581..2640#2764..2816#2933..3055#3188..3257#3356..3434#3516..3597#3700..3726#agctcaggcagcagcagaaagcaacgccaatacgccattgccgtgctcctcgacctgcatgcacctctgttcttggcgttgagatacatagaggcttggggtgggtgtttaagaactaagaccggagttaattagcacccctgtggctaccatcgatctgtctaaagagtgattagatcgagatgaccatcaccattgagcagcctcaccttggtgagctcatgatccttttctctctctctcttgatttcttgattccagtccgtgaggaagaaaaggttcagcaatgttcctggatggatggatggatcgtggaactaattaaggttctaagttctgacatggttcgcttgcagatgctatcgccgaccggaaggtcgccggcggcggcggcggcgacaacgcggcggagctcgtgctcgacggcggcttcgtcgtgccggactccaacgccttcggcaacgccttcaggtcagctacatattcctgcataggaaaaaaacagagcatcatgcaaaaacagagcaaaacagagtgtcaactatggttaaaaatattatcccctcagaagaaaaaatatttaaaatatttctagtggattagggaatttaattaatcatgtagtatttttttaaatatggtgaaggttattgtttctctttgcaaaaaacagagtgggcagcaagttttttttcaagtggacatgtgcaaataatcatatattttgcatatggaatgtcttcttttttctcctttgcaaaaacagaggttggtattacttgctccctctaaaataagccaacatcgtattaagatatgatatattttagtacaacgttatatttagatttgttatattagaatgattggcttatttttaggacaatgcgagcaggctgacaagacagacatgatattttcgtacgaaattagtaaactagaacatgggcacaactcgaaatgaaagagatgtgtggccattcttgaaacttgtggttgtgcattcaaatcgtacatacctctctctcaagccacaatacatgtttgtcccattacttcaagttgtctttccatgattagccgtttggtttagtttttgttgaaacgtccaaacccaggttttgtttttttttcagataaaactggacaagaagaagatgaatttgactacttaaacgtaaactcaattttgctgaccaaagtggcaagctacttactggtcaaataaaataaaataaagacttatcttttcttgtacgatttcaaaggtttctgcgtgtctatgcacagtgaatgtcccacgtggcatctgtggctgcattaacatggccttttgcctattccttttttgcacgttatcattttcgcttcttcaggaattctgtacttcaatttgatgtttctttaaaaagtccaacacgtggacaaataaaacactacctgtgttcgaaaaataaaaaccttatggtcataatctagaaattgaaatctttttcaacggtggtagtaaaagatatttcttaaaaaaaaggaattaaccggaataatatggtgatgttttaaatctccaggaattatgaggccgagtctgagaggaaggagacggtggaggagttctaccgggtcaaccacatcaaccagacatatgatttcgtaagtgcaaattctgtatctaataatctttttttaaaaaaatacactcataatatcctaaacgacaagtaaaaaagaacgggagctttaatatatgagatttaccattattttggtgcattgtaacattgcaggtgaggcggatgcgggaggagtacggtagggtggacaagacggagatggggatctgggagtgcatcgagctgctcaacgagttcatcgacgacagcgacccggacctcgacatgccgcagatcgagcacctcctccagaccgccgaggccatccgcaaggatttccccgacgaggactggctccacctcactggcctcatccacggtaaattaaactattttataaccgccacaaaaaccgtcactgtaattgcacatccaccgcgtcgccgcaatgaactgataggcaggcctcacacgatacaccgggtaggatttgttggtgtaagagcaggtacaatagcaggctattagccagctataaatatattttaatgagataaacgatgagagagaagagtagtgggctacagatctgtagccagctgcagcacggacttcaagacgcaatgtgtgtatgacaggtgataccatatattaatagtatagtaagcaactattgaatgaattggctattagattagctatagatgaattggagctagtagtgggctatactattaaacttgctctaaggtagtaataatagtatatatctaggactcatccagtcactagcaggtaggccatacgataaataaagatgaataattagatatgatggagtgatacagtatcagtgacggttcgtaacaacctctttggaattactcggctaaaggaagaaagaaatgaaatggcaatacagtggggcacacttgtgacgtgtaacatgttctcttttctttttcagatctgggcaaggtgctgctgcatcccagctttggggagctcccacagtggtcagtcgtcggtaagaaacaaacaacagaagcaaacagcttattgccatctcactgaaacttcttcagattcagctaggaacaatagctgaacatccatccatctctgaatctgaatgtctttgacctttcaggtgacaccttccccgtcggctgcgcattcgacgaatgcaacgtccacttcaaggtaaccaatgaatcatctagcaaactgttcaagacaaatcaaaagcgtagatggatcaagcagtgagctagtggtctaagactgaaactgaaaatattttgtctgaaaatgtgcagtacttcaaggagaaccctgactacctgaacccaaagctcaacaccaagtttggggcctactccgagggctgtggccttgacaatgttctcatgtcctggggccatgacgactacatgtacctggtaaaacacacggttcatcgtgtcgattcatcaccaattgcataccatggagcagagaaatcttcagttctagtactgaggttgtagttttctctgaaatgttgatgtgtttcttgttcttgttcatctcaggttgccaaggagaacaagaccactcttccttctgcaggcttgttcatcatcagatatcattcattctaccgtaagtgcgcgcgacagtcttctttttttcaattttgtcagaattacaagttttaagtaagttttagctaaattttgctatctttgtccatgattcagccctgcacaagcatggagcctacatgcatctgatgaacgatgaggacaaggagaacctcaaatggctgcgtgtgttcaagtaagccaccagattgatcaccctgcatcttaatgtatatagtatgaaaatgtactgaacatgaatggttttcttctgcagcaaatacgacctgtacagcaagagcaatgagaggatagacgttgagaaggtgaagccctactacatgtcactcatcgaaaaggtatgatcgattttgcagcgaatactgaagcttgaaacagacttctttttgtcctaaaacctgaagaaatgatcttctttttctctctgaattctctcgcagtatttcccggccaagttgagatggtgaagaagagggagagaacataaaaaaaattggtcgaaattatcctgtaatatgatgtaattgcaggagttcagttggctgtacaagtatgtagtagtacgtgtacacattttgtatgttaagagcagaatttgttgggagccatgcacgtggaataaaagttgccggtgattgttctttgt</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001064406.1 RefSeq:Os06g0561000]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

Os06g0561000

2015-03-05T06:21:10Z

Zhangye:

'''''OsMIOX''''', a '''myo-inositol oxygenase gene''', '''improves drought tolerance''' through '''scavenging of reactive oxygen species''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
''OsMIOX'' has a '''specific function''' in '''drought stress tolerance''' by '''decreasing oxidative damage'''. The '''expression levels''' of '''ROS scavenging genes''', ''CatB'', ''POD1'', ''POD2'', ''APX1'' and ''APX2'' were '''indeed up-regulated''', which '''may''' contribute to '''decrease the accumulation of ROS''' in OsMIOX-overexpressing plants under drought stress<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Mutation===
Transgenic lines and wild type<ref name="ref1"/>:
*The transgenic rice lines overexpressing ''OsMIOX'' showed obviously '''improved growth performance''' in the medium containing 200 mM '''mannitol'''.
*Further, the '''survival rate''' of '''leaves''' from the transgenic rice lines was significantly '''higher''' than that of the wild type plants under '''polyethylene glycol treatment'''.
*It was discovered that the '''activity of ROS scavenging enzymes''' and '''proline content''', as well as the transcript levels of '''many ROS scavenging genes''' were significantly '''increased''' in transgenic plants compared to the wild type plants under drought stress conditions.
*Four-week-old transgenic homozygous lines and the WT were treated with 20% PEG6000 for 6 days and then allowed to recover for 17 days.
**The transgenic lines '''recovered more quickly''' than the WT, and showed a total recovery of 38–46%, while the WT plants were '''severely affected''' by drought stress and had only 18–22% recovery.
**The '''water loss''' was determined by comparing the '''rates''' of '''change in fresh weight''' of the '''detached leaves'''. The water loss assay showed that the transgenic lines had a '''slower dehydration rate''' compared to WT, with a 0.28–2.6% lag from the beginning to 6 h after dehydration.

===Expression===
*''OsMIOX'' was expressed '''predominantly''' in the '''roots''' and '''induced by drought''', '''H2O2''', '''salt''', '''cold''' and '''abscisic acid'''. ''OsMIOX'' was more strongly induced in IRAT109 than that in Nipponbare under all treatments except for cold. The '''expression peak''' of ''OsMIOX'' was '''later''' in IRAT109 than that in Nipponbare under all treatments except salt and cold, indicating that the '''damage in UR''' was '''weaker''' and '''occurred later''' than that in LR, which suggesting that ''OsMIOX'' may be involved in abiotic stress responses, and related to drought tolerance in plant<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The '''GUS activity''' was detected in '''spikelets''', '''stem''', '''leaves''', especially in '''roots''', and the activity was '''strongly induced by drought stress''', indicating that ''OsMIOX'' was expressed in all rice organs and induced by drought stress.
Overexpression of ''OsMIOX'' '''increases free proline contents''' under drought stress and '''increases the ROS-scavenging ability''' and '''decreases oxidative damage'''<ref name="ref1"/>.

*The third ranked gene is Os06g0561000. From the GO annotation, its function is '''inferred to participate in biological process''' as '''inositol catabolic process''', '''L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process''' and '''oxidation-reduction'''. Its
corresponding protein is placed in '''cytoplasm''' by GO that has molecular function as '''iron ion binding''', '''oxidoreductase activity''', '''metal ion binding''' and '''inositol oxygenase activity'''. It is expressed as unnamed inositol oxygenase
putatively<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/>.

===Evolution===
The ORF of OsMIOX obtained from UR variety, IRAT109, encodes a protein of 308 amino acids (aa). The BLAST analysis showed that the predicted amino acid sequence of the OsMIOX protein had '''high identity''' to other plant MIOX proteins, especially to Zea mays
('''87.99%'''), Vitis vinifera ('''75.56%''') and ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' ('''74.28%'''), and had '''43.69% identity''' to that from Homo sapiens, '''41.42% identity''' to that from Sus scrofa<ref name="ref1"/>.

===Knowledge Extension===
[[File: myo-inositol Functional1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Functional roles of myo-inositol in plant metabolism.(from reference <ref name="ref4"/>).'']]
*Fig. 1 summarizes this information by categorizing specific products of myo-inositol (MI) metabolism with particular interest to plant biologists and by identifying avenues of inquiry which may lead to a better appreciation of this unique molecule and its position in plant science<ref name="ref4"/>.

*Colored backgrounds in Fig. 1 attempt to provide a sense of related functions while avoiding the confusion of ‘metabolic mapping’. Beyond its inhibitory effect on myo-inositol (MI) monophosphatase, little is known regarding its impact on availability of free myo-inositol (MI) for numerous biosynthetic and regulatory requirements (Fig. 1)<ref name="ref4"/>.

*Lithium ion delayed initiation of DNA synthesis and cell division when introduced into synchronized Catharanthus roseus cell cultures, a condition largely prevented when MI was included in the medium<ref name="ref4"/>.

==Labs working on this gene==
*Key Lab of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
*International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines

==References==
<references>
* <ref name="ref1">
Duan J, Zhang M, Zhang H, et al. OsMIOX, a myo-inositol oxygenase gene, improves drought tolerance through scavenging of reactive oxygen species in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Plant Science, 2012, 196: 143-151.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref2">
Wang J, Zhang F, Wang Y, et al. Identification of Salt Tolerance Genes in Rice from Microarray Data using SVM-RFE[C]//BICoB. 2011: 30-35.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref3">
Tanaka T, Antonio B A, Kikuchi S, et al. The rice annotation project database (RAP-DB): 2008 update[J]. Nucleic acids research, 2008, 36(Supp 1): D1028-D1033.
</ref>
* <ref name="ref4">
Loewus F A, Murthy P P N. myo-Inositol metabolism in plants[J]. Plant Science, 2000, 150(1): 1-19.
</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os06g0561000|
Description = Similar to Myo-inositol oxygenase|
Version = NM_001064406.1 GI:115468543 GeneID:4341305|
Length = 3905 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os06g0561000, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 6|Chromosome 6]]|
AP = Chromosome 6:22355480..22359384|
CDS = 22355662..22355692,22355836..22355950,22357051..22357132,22357267..22357471,22358060..22358119 ,22358243..22358295,22358412..22358534,22358667..22358736,22358835..22358913 ,22358995..22359076,22359179..22359205|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008399:22355480..22359384
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008399:22355480..22359384
source=RiceChromosome06
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgaccatcaccattgagcagcctcaccttgatgctatcgccgaccggaaggtcgccggcggcggcggcggcgacaacgcggcggagctcgtgctcgacggcggcttcgtcgtgccggactccaacgccttcggcaacgccttcaggaattatgaggccgagtctgagaggaaggagacggtggaggagttctaccgggtcaaccacatcaaccagacatatgatttcgtgaggcggatgcgggaggagtacggtagggtggacaagacggagatggggatctgggagtgcatcgagctgctcaacgagttcatcgacgacagcgacccggacctcgacatgccgcagatcgagcacctcctccagaccgccgaggccatccgcaaggatttccccgacgaggactggctccacctcactggcctcatccacgatctgggcaaggtgctgctgcatcccagctttggggagctcccacagtggtcagtcgtcggtgacaccttccccgtcggctgcgcattcgacgaatgcaacgtccacttcaagtacttcaaggagaaccctgactacctgaacccaaagctcaacaccaagtttggggcctactccgagggctgtggccttgacaatgttctcatgtcctggggccatgacgactacatgtacctggttgccaaggagaacaagaccactcttccttctgcaggcttgttcatcatcagatatcattcattctaccccctgcacaagcatggagcctacatgcatctgatgaacgatgaggacaaggagaacctcaaatggctgcgtgtgttcaacaaatacgacctgtacagcaagagcaatgagaggatagacgttgagaaggtgaagccctactacatgtcactcatcgaaaagtatttcccggccaagttgagatggtga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MTITIEQPHLDAIADRKVAGGGGGDNAAELVLDGGFVVPDSNAF GNAFRNYEAESERKETVEEFYRVNHINQTYDFVRRMREEYGRVDKTEMGIWECIELLN EFIDDSDPDLDMPQIEHLLQTAEAIRKDFPDEDWLHLTGLIHDLGKVLLHPSFGELPQ WSVVGDTFPVGCAFDECNVHFKYFKENPDYLNPKLNTKFGAYSEGCGLDNVLMSWGHD DYMYLVAKENKTTLPSAGLFIIRYHSFYPLHKHGAYMHLMNDEDKENLKWLRVFNKYD LYSKSNERIDVEKVKPYYMSLIEKYFPAKLRW</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>183..213#357..471#1572..1653#1788..1992#2581..2640#2764..2816#2933..3055#3188..3257#3356..3434#3516..3597#3700..3726#agctcaggcagcagcagaaagcaacgccaatacgccattgccgtgctcctcgacctgcatgcacctctgttcttggcgttgagatacatagaggcttggggtgggtgtttaagaactaagaccggagttaattagcacccctgtggctaccatcgatctgtctaaagagtgattagatcgagatgaccatcaccattgagcagcctcaccttggtgagctcatgatccttttctctctctctcttgatttcttgattccagtccgtgaggaagaaaaggttcagcaatgttcctggatggatggatggatcgtggaactaattaaggttctaagttctgacatggttcgcttgcagatgctatcgccgaccggaaggtcgccggcggcggcggcggcgacaacgcggcggagctcgtgctcgacggcggcttcgtcgtgccggactccaacgccttcggcaacgccttcaggtcagctacatattcctgcataggaaaaaaacagagcatcatgcaaaaacagagcaaaacagagtgtcaactatggttaaaaatattatcccctcagaagaaaaaatatttaaaatatttctagtggattagggaatttaattaatcatgtagtatttttttaaatatggtgaaggttattgtttctctttgcaaaaaacagagtgggcagcaagttttttttcaagtggacatgtgcaaataatcatatattttgcatatggaatgtcttcttttttctcctttgcaaaaacagaggttggtattacttgctccctctaaaataagccaacatcgtattaagatatgatatattttagtacaacgttatatttagatttgttatattagaatgattggcttatttttaggacaatgcgagcaggctgacaagacagacatgatattttcgtacgaaattagtaaactagaacatgggcacaactcgaaatgaaagagatgtgtggccattcttgaaacttgtggttgtgcattcaaatcgtacatacctctctctcaagccacaatacatgtttgtcccattacttcaagttgtctttccatgattagccgtttggtttagtttttgttgaaacgtccaaacccaggttttgtttttttttcagataaaactggacaagaagaagatgaatttgactacttaaacgtaaactcaattttgctgaccaaagtggcaagctacttactggtcaaataaaataaaataaagacttatcttttcttgtacgatttcaaaggtttctgcgtgtctatgcacagtgaatgtcccacgtggcatctgtggctgcattaacatggccttttgcctattccttttttgcacgttatcattttcgcttcttcaggaattctgtacttcaatttgatgtttctttaaaaagtccaacacgtggacaaataaaacactacctgtgttcgaaaaataaaaaccttatggtcataatctagaaattgaaatctttttcaacggtggtagtaaaagatatttcttaaaaaaaaggaattaaccggaataatatggtgatgttttaaatctccaggaattatgaggccgagtctgagaggaaggagacggtggaggagttctaccgggtcaaccacatcaaccagacatatgatttcgtaagtgcaaattctgtatctaataatctttttttaaaaaaatacactcataatatcctaaacgacaagtaaaaaagaacgggagctttaatatatgagatttaccattattttggtgcattgtaacattgcaggtgaggcggatgcgggaggagtacggtagggtggacaagacggagatggggatctgggagtgcatcgagctgctcaacgagttcatcgacgacagcgacccggacctcgacatgccgcagatcgagcacctcctccagaccgccgaggccatccgcaaggatttccccgacgaggactggctccacctcactggcctcatccacggtaaattaaactattttataaccgccacaaaaaccgtcactgtaattgcacatccaccgcgtcgccgcaatgaactgataggcaggcctcacacgatacaccgggtaggatttgttggtgtaagagcaggtacaatagcaggctattagccagctataaatatattttaatgagataaacgatgagagagaagagtagtgggctacagatctgtagccagctgcagcacggacttcaagacgcaatgtgtgtatgacaggtgataccatatattaatagtatagtaagcaactattgaatgaattggctattagattagctatagatgaattggagctagtagtgggctatactattaaacttgctctaaggtagtaataatagtatatatctaggactcatccagtcactagcaggtaggccatacgataaataaagatgaataattagatatgatggagtgatacagtatcagtgacggttcgtaacaacctctttggaattactcggctaaaggaagaaagaaatgaaatggcaatacagtggggcacacttgtgacgtgtaacatgttctcttttctttttcagatctgggcaaggtgctgctgcatcccagctttggggagctcccacagtggtcagtcgtcggtaagaaacaaacaacagaagcaaacagcttattgccatctcactgaaacttcttcagattcagctaggaacaatagctgaacatccatccatctctgaatctgaatgtctttgacctttcaggtgacaccttccccgtcggctgcgcattcgacgaatgcaacgtccacttcaaggtaaccaatgaatcatctagcaaactgttcaagacaaatcaaaagcgtagatggatcaagcagtgagctagtggtctaagactgaaactgaaaatattttgtctgaaaatgtgcagtacttcaaggagaaccctgactacctgaacccaaagctcaacaccaagtttggggcctactccgagggctgtggccttgacaatgttctcatgtcctggggccatgacgactacatgtacctggtaaaacacacggttcatcgtgtcgattcatcaccaattgcataccatggagcagagaaatcttcagttctagtactgaggttgtagttttctctgaaatgttgatgtgtttcttgttcttgttcatctcaggttgccaaggagaacaagaccactcttccttctgcaggcttgttcatcatcagatatcattcattctaccgtaagtgcgcgcgacagtcttctttttttcaattttgtcagaattacaagttttaagtaagttttagctaaattttgctatctttgtccatgattcagccctgcacaagcatggagcctacatgcatctgatgaacgatgaggacaaggagaacctcaaatggctgcgtgtgttcaagtaagccaccagattgatcaccctgcatcttaatgtatatagtatgaaaatgtactgaacatgaatggttttcttctgcagcaaatacgacctgtacagcaagagcaatgagaggatagacgttgagaaggtgaagccctactacatgtcactcatcgaaaaggtatgatcgattttgcagcgaatactgaagcttgaaacagacttctttttgtcctaaaacctgaagaaatgatcttctttttctctctgaattctctcgcagtatttcccggccaagttgagatggtgaagaagagggagagaacataaaaaaaattggtcgaaattatcctgtaatatgatgtaattgcaggagttcagttggctgtacaagtatgtagtagtacgtgtacacattttgtatgttaagagcagaatttgttgggagccatgcacgtggaataaaagttgccggtgattgttctttgt</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001064406.1 RefSeq:Os06g0561000]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 6]]
[[Category:Chromosome 6]]

File:Myo-inositol Functional1.jpg

2015-03-05T06:20:34Z

Zhangye: