RiceWiki - User contributions [en]

Os01g0883800

2014-06-04T09:09:56Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' gene is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.

== Annotated Information ==
=== Function ===
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]

This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen (DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2). SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.

It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20<ref name="ref3" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref3" />.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005506 GO:0005506], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016216 GO:0016216], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0017000 GO:0017000]

=== Mutation ===
'Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen' (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.

Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.

It has been found that introgression of a chromosomal block containing the SD1 allele from tropical japonica is associated with a change in growth patterns in BHA1 (one weedy rice population) <ref name="ref7" />.

=== Expression ===
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />.

Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.

Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'
| | 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3' (used to amplify exon 1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'
| | 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3' (used to amplify exon 2 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'
| | 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3' (used to amplify exon 3 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'
| | 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3' <ref name="ref3" />
|-
| | 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'
| | 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3' <ref name="ref3" />
|}

=== Evolution ===
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea (50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.

=== Knowledge Extension ===

[[File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG|right|thumb|500px|''Gibberellin signalling pathway (from reference <ref name="ref4" />).'']]

Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref5" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref4" />.

The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’) <ref name="ref5" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as ''sd1'' in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.

In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.

== Labs working on this gene ==
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Reagon M, Thurber CS, Olsen KM, Jia Y, Caicedo AL (2011) The long and the short of it: SD1 polymorphism and the evolution of growth trait divergence in U.S. weedy rice. Mol Ecol 20: 3743-3756.</ref>
</references>

== Structured Information ==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os01g0883800|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|
Length = 2743 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]

Os01g0883800

2014-06-04T09:07:15Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' gene is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.

== Annotated Information ==
=== Function ===
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]

This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen (DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2). SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.

It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20<ref name="ref3" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref3" />.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005506 GO:0005506], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016216 GO:0016216], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0017000 GO:0017000]

=== Mutation ===
'Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen' (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.

Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.

It has been found that introgression of a chromosomal block containing the SD1 allele from tropical japonica is associated with a change in growth patterns in BHA1 (one weedy rice population) <ref name="ref7" />.
[[File:sssss.jpg]]

=== Expression ===
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />.

Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.

Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'
| | 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3' (used to amplify exon 1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'
| | 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3' (used to amplify exon 2 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'
| | 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3' (used to amplify exon 3 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'
| | 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3' <ref name="ref3" />
|-
| | 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'
| | 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3' <ref name="ref3" />
|}

=== Evolution ===
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea (50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.

=== Knowledge Extension ===

[[File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG|right|thumb|500px|''Gibberellin signalling pathway (from reference <ref name="ref4" />).'']]

Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref5" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref4" />.

The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’) <ref name="ref5" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as ''sd1'' in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.

In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.

== Labs working on this gene ==
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Reagon M, Thurber CS, Olsen KM, Jia Y, Caicedo AL (2011) The long and the short of it: SD1 polymorphism and the evolution of growth trait divergence in U.S. weedy rice. Mol Ecol 20: 3743-3756.</ref>
</references>

== Structured Information ==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os01g0883800|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|
Length = 2743 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]

Os01g0883800

2014-06-04T09:06:44Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

The rice ''semidwarf-1 (sd1)'' gene is well known as the "green revolution gene" and controls the plant height of rice.

== Annotated Information ==
=== Function ===
[[File:Example.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Semidwarf VS. normal-type rice plants at ripening (from reference <ref name="ref3" />).'']]

This gene is originally derived from the Chinese cultivar Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen (DGWG). It encodes an oxidase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, which is a plant growth hormone. The rice genome carries at least two GA20ox genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2). SD1 corresponds to GA20ox-2. Mutation of SD1 will cause a semi-dwarf phenotype of rice without seed yield being affected <ref name="ref1" />. It is not surprising that a rice semidwarfing gene encodes GA20-ox since successful production of semidwarf plants using antisense or overexpressed GA20-ox genes has been reported in Arabidopsis, Solanum dulcamara, potato, and lettuce <ref name="ref3" />.

It is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyses the three steps GA53->GA44->GA19->GA20. Impaired GA 20-oxidase activity will cause elevated content of GA53, and reduced amount of G20<ref name="ref3" />. However, there is slight difference between different strains. The extent of GA1 is lower in Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) when compared with Kyeema (tall), while there is no significant difference between Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Calrose (tall). Calrose76 has lower contents of GA44 and of GA19 than Calrose, while there is no significant difference between Doongara (semi-dwarf rice strain) and Kyeema (tall) <ref name="ref3" />.

'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005506 GO:0005506], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016216 GO:0016216], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0017000 GO:0017000]

=== Mutation ===
'Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen' (semi-dwarf rice strain): A 383-base-pair deletion from the genome (A 280-bp deletion within the coding region), which induces a frameshift that creates a stop codon in SD1, may be related with the semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.

Calrose76 (semi-dwarf rice strain): The DNA sequence of Calrose76 is identical to Calrose (tall) except for a C to T transition at position 798 that resulted in a change of the predicted amino acid leucine (Leu-266) in Calrose to phenylalanine in Calrose76 <ref name="ref2" />.

It has been found that introgression of a chromosomal block containing the SD1 allele from tropical japonica is associated with a change in growth patterns in BHA1 (one weedy rice population) <ref name="ref7" />.
[[File:Example.jpg]]

=== Expression ===
This gene is strongly expressed in the leaf blade, stem and unopened flower, whereas GA20ox-1 is predominantly expressed in the unopened flower <ref name="ref1" />.

Among the DGWG-type sd-1 mutants, IR24 and Habataki have little transcript of this gene, while Milyang 23 expresses a normal or greater amount of truncated transcript. No significant difference is observed between Calrose and its single-nucleotide-substitution mutant Calrose 76 <ref name="ref3" />.

Analysis of the tissue- and stage-specificity of transcription of sd1 in Nipponbare revealed that this
gene was expressed within 48 hr after sowing, as well as in 10-day-old plants, 30-day-old leaves, and flowering panicles; no transcription is detected in 24-hr-old seedlings or in 14-day-old roots. Transcript accumulates predominantly in adult leaves <ref name="ref3" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'
| | 5'-TTTGAAATGCAATGTCGTCCACC-3' (used to amplify exon 1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GCGCCAATGGGGTAATTAAAACG-3'
| | 5'-GGCATTCCATTGTTTGTGATTGG-3' (used to amplify exon 2 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTTTGTCCTTGTCGCGTTGCTCAG-3'
| | 5'-TCTGTTCGTTCCGTTTCGTTCCG-3' (used to amplify exon 3 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-CAACTCACTCCCGCTCAACACAGC-3'
| | 5'-GTTCGTTCCGTTTCGGTTCCG-3' <ref name="ref3" />
|-
| | 5'-AGCTGGACATGCCCGTGGTC-3'
| | 5'-TTGAGCTGCTGTCCGCGAAG-3' <ref name="ref3" />
|}

=== Evolution ===
This gene is conserved in ''Arabidopsis'' (47% identity) and pea (50% identity). GA20ox-2 shows 47.8% identity to
GA20ox-1 in rice. There are at least three GA20-ox genes in Arabidopsis <ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.

=== Knowledge Extension ===

[[File:Gibberellin SD1 RHT Signal.PNG|right|thumb|500px|''Gibberellin signalling pathway (from reference <ref name="ref4" />).'']]

Except ''sd1'', another ‘green revolution’ gene named ''Rht1'', which encodes a GA signal suppressor DELLA protein. The deletion in the N-terminal region of the native RHT1 constitutively suppresses GA signaling, consequently resulting in a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype <ref name="ref5" />. Both sd1 and Rht1 are associated with GA pathway, indicating the importance of GA in the regulation of developmental processes and making it a prime target for improving crop yield <ref name="ref4" />.

The wheat green-revolution gene Rht (for ‘reduced height’) <ref name="ref5" /> is a gain-of-function allele caused by a mutation in a transcription factor that is associated with the gibberellin signalling pathway. As wheat has a hexaploid genome, it does not contain recessive alleles such as ''sd1'' in rice that might otherwise be used to produce a semi-dwarf strain of wheat. Although the genetic and biochemical functions of the rice SD1 and wheat RHT proteins are completely different (that is, recessive versus dominant, loss-of-function versus gain-offunction events, enzyme versus transcription factor, respectively), the products of both genes are linked with gibberellin malfunction <ref name="ref1" />.

In rice, ''Slr1'' gene encodes the DELLA protein. Three semi-dominant dwarf mutants (''Slr1-d1'', ''Slr1-d2'' and ''Slr1-d3'') associated with this gene have been identified, which were caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. These three mutants are responsive to GA at a reduced rate, with later SLRl degradation, and showing reduced interaction activity with GID1 (GA receptor) comparing with wild type rice <ref name="ref6" />.

== Labs working on this gene ==
*Bioscience Center, and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
*Honda R&D, Wako Research Center, Wako 351-0193, Japan
*International Rice Research Institute, Manila, DAPO Box 7777, Philippines
*BioResources Center, and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Riken, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan
*Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
*Plant Genome Center, 1-25-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, et al. (2002) Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature 416: 701-702.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Spielmeyer W, Ellis MH, Chandler PM (2002) Semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9043-9048.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, et al. (2002) Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res 9: 11-17.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Hedden P. (2003) The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet 19: 5-9.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Peng J, Richards DE, Hartley NM, Murphy GP, Devos KM, et al. (1999) 'Green revolution' genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature 400: 256-261.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Asano K, Hirano K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Angeles-Shim RB, Komura T, et al. (2009) Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, ''Slr1-d'', in rice. Mol Genet Genomics 281: 223-231.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Reagon M, Thurber CS, Olsen KM, Jia Y, Caicedo AL (2011) The long and the short of it: SD1 polymorphism and the evolution of growth trait divergence in U.S. weedy rice. Mol Ecol 20: 3743-3756.</ref>
</references>

== Structured Information ==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os01g0883800|
Description = Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2 (EC 1.14.11.-) (Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2) (GA 20-oxidase 2) (Os20ox2) (Semidwarf-1 protein)|
Version = NM_001051549.1 GI:115441468 GeneID:4325003|
Length = 2743 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0883800, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|
AP = Chromosome 1:40138313..40141055|
CDS = 40138313..40138869,40138972..40139293,40140765..40141055|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008394:40138313..40141055
source=RiceChromosome01
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MVAEHPTPPQPHQPPPMDSTAGSGIAAPAAAAVCDLRMEPKIPE PFVWPNGDARPASAAELDMPVVDVGVLRDGDAEGLRRAAAQVAAACATHGFFQVSEHG VDAALARAALDGASDFFRLPLAEKRRARRVPGTVSGYTSAHADRFASKLPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVVADYFSSTLGPDFAPMGRVYQKYCEEMKELSLTIMELLELSLGVERGYY REFFADSSSIMRCNYYPPCPEPERTLGTGPHCDPTALTILLQDDVGGLEVLVDGEWRP VSPVPGAMVINIGDTFMALSNGRYKSCLHRAVVNQRRERRSLAFFLCPREDRVVRPPP SAATPQHYPDFTWADLMRFTQRHYRADTRTLDAFTRWLAPPAADAAATAQVEAAS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..557#660..981#2453..2743#atggtggccgagcaccccacgccaccacagccgcaccaaccaccgcccatggactccaccgccggctctggcattgccgccccggcggcggcggcggtgtgcgacctgaggatggagcccaagatcccggagccattcgtgtggccgaacggcgacgcgaggccggcgtcggcggcggagctggacatgcccgtggtcgacgtgggcgtgctccgcgacggcgacgccgaggggctgcgccgcgccgcggcgcaggtggccgccgcgtgcgccacgcacgggttcttccaggtgtccgagcacggcgtcgacgccgctctggcgcgcgccgcgctcgacggcgccagcgacttcttccgcctcccgctcgccgagaagcgccgcgcgcgccgcgtcccgggcaccgtgtccggctacaccagcgcccacgccgaccgcttcgcctccaagctcccatggaaggagaccctctccttcggcttccacgaccgcgccgccgcccccgtcgtcgccgactacttctccagcaccctcggccccgacttcgcgccaatggggtaattaaaacgatggtggacgacattgcatttcaaattcaaaacaaattcaaaacacaccgaccgagattatgctgaattcaaacgcgtttgtgcgcgcaggagggtgtaccagaagtactgcgaggagatgaaggagctgtcgctgacgatcatggaactcctggagctgagcctgggcgtggagcgaggctactacagggagttcttcgcggacagcagctcaatcatgcggtgcaactactacccgccatgcccggagccggagcggacgctcggcacgggcccgcactgcgaccccaccgccctcaccatcctcctccaggacgacgtcggcggcctcgaggtcctcgtcgacggcgaatggcgccccgtcagccccgtccccggcgccatggtcatcaacatcggcgacaccttcatggtaaaccatctcctattctcctctcctctgttctcctctgcttcgaagcaacagaacaagtaattcaagcttttttttctctctcgcgcgaaattgacgagaaaaataagatcgtggtaggggcggggctttcagctgaaagcgggaagaaaccgacctgacgtgatttctctgttccaatcacaaacaatggaatgccccactcctccatgtgttatgatttatctcacatcttatagttaataggagtaagtaacaagctacttttttcatattatagttcgtttgattttttttttttaaagtttttttagttttatccaaatttattgaaaaacttagcaacgtttataataccaaattagtctcatttagtttaatattgtatatattttgataatatatttatgttatattaaaaatattactatatttttctataaacattattaaaagccatttataatataaaatggaaggagtaattaatatggatctcccccgacatgagaatattttccgatggtgtgacgacgccatgtaagcttcggtgggcctggacggccagaggtgccaacagccacgtccaacaacccctgggtccccccctaacactccaaacagtagtgagtagtgtctcgtcgcgttttagtatttgatgacaaacaaagtgtgagttgagttagccaccaccaacttgcacacgagcacatacatttgtgtccattctcgccagtcacttccatctctagtcctaactcctatctagcgatgtaagcggataatttcatcatccgtatataaacctgtttgttatagttaatttcctatataatactataacagtatacattttaaaagaaaacaaaattaggataaacaggccctgctcctatccatccatggcacttggaaggaccagactcggtcatgccatgccaagccaagatatgggttatggaagagtagagaagaggagagatgagagataagcatgcgttctcctcctcgttggatgtgtattttggagggatttgtgtagtagtagcagcggcgccgcggggacggatgcggatggtggcgctttcggtggcgttttcccgggggggttttggtttggcgcttgggggggatggcatggcgcggcgtgcggctgcacgccacacacacgcgcgcgcacgcacgtacgtcgtcgtcgccgcgggcggacggtagcttagggtggtgtgttccgcgcgcgggcgcggattgttccatgccgatcgatttggcgccaccctcgccgcggctcttgtcgcgtcgtgcgcctctctcgcgcggtttgtccttgtcgcgttgctcagccggcgacgggggcacggacattggcgatgtagccctgcacgtgtcggcctctccgttgatgaatgatgatgtatgtatgtatttttttttgtctgaaggaatttgtggggaattgttgtgtgtgcaggcgctgtcgaacgggaggtataagagctgcctgcacagggcggtggtgaaccagcggcgggagcggcggtcgctggcgttcttcctgtgcccgcgggaggacagggtggtgcggccgccgccgagcgccgccacgccgcagcactacccggacttcacctgggccgacctcatgcgcttcacgcagcgccactaccgcgccgacacccgcacgctcgacgccttcacgcgctggctcgcgccgccggccgccgacgccgccgcgacggcgcaggtcgaggcggccagctga</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001051549.1 RefSeq:Os01g0883800]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]
[[Category:Chromosome 1]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T05:09:46Z

Zhangziliang: /* Evolution */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS. Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 is the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization; the other is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier than that in other organisms,in plants such as rice and maize, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province； Institute of Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T05:09:26Z

Zhangziliang: /* Expression（Mutant VS. Wild type） */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS. Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 is the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization; the other is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier than that in other organisms,in plants such as rice and maize, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province； Institute of Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T05:08:32Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS. Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 is the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization; the other is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier than that in other organisms,in plants such as rice and maize, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province； Institute of Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T05:08:09Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|left|thumb|300px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS. Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 is the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization; the other is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier than that in other organisms,in plants such as rice and maize, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province； Institute of Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T05:06:56Z

Zhangziliang: /* Labs working on this gene */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS. Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 is the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization; the other is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier than that in other organisms,in plants such as rice and maize, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province； Institute of Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T02:54:46Z

Zhangziliang: /* Expression（Mutant VS Wild type） */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS. Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 is the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization; the other is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier than that in other organisms,in plants such as rice and maize, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province； Institute of Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
*Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, and 2SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
*Center for Cancer Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge,Massachusetts 02139, USA
*University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado 80010, USA
*Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
*Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology,Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
*Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, California 94720

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T02:49:21Z

Zhangziliang: /* Labs working on this gene */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 is the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization; the other is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier than that in other organisms,in plants such as rice and maize, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province； Institute of Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
*Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, and 2SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
*Center for Cancer Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge,Massachusetts 02139, USA
*University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado 80010, USA
*Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
*Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology,Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
*Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, California 94720

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T02:48:37Z

Zhangziliang: /* Labs working on this gene */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 is the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization; the other is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier than that in other organisms,in plants such as rice and maize, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
*Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province； Institute of Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
*Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, and 2SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Hongo,
Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
*Center for Cancer Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge,Massachusetts 02139, USA
*University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado 80010, USA
*Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
*Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology,Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
*Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, California 94720

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T02:39:45Z

Zhangziliang: /* Knowledge Extension */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 is the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization; the other is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier than that in other organisms,in plants such as rice and maize, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T02:35:00Z

Zhangziliang: /* Expression（Mutant VS Wild type） */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.In plants, such as rice and maize, SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier thanthat in other organisms, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T02:34:38Z

Zhangziliang: /* Expression（Mutant VS Wild type） */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the phase of flowering, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by adding 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Furthermore, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), resulting in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. In addition, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants through immunoblotting, (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.In plants, such as rice and maize, SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier thanthat in other organisms, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T02:25:38Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, named ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirm that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.In plants, such as rice and maize, SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier thanthat in other organisms, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T02:05:18Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines is obtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.In plants, such as rice and maize, SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier thanthat in other organisms, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T01:58:56Z

Zhangziliang: /* Function */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. Overall, OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis. And OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.Concurrently,The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.In plants, such as rice and maize, SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier thanthat in other organisms, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-06-01T01:54:17Z

Zhangziliang: /* Knowledge Extension */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.In plants, such as rice and maize, SGO1 is loaded onto the chromosome during leptotene, which is much earlier thanthat in other organisms, and it disassociates during anaphase I. ZmSGO1 is reported to localize at both the centromere core and the pericentromeric regions<ref name="ref7" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T14:06:00Z

Zhangziliang: /* Knowledge Extension */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis<ref name="ref2" />. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. ''Drosophila'' Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref8" /><ref name="ref9" />. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' and ''Drosophila'' have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref10" />. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization<ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref11" />. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In ''S. pombe'', the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC)<ref name="ref4" />.

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T14:01:42Z

Zhangziliang: /* References */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis [2]. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. Drosophila Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation [4] [8] [9]. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while Schizosaccharomyces pombe and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) [4] [10]. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization [4] [11]. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In S. pombe, the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC) [4].

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Kerrebrock, A.W., Miyazaki, W.Y., Birnby, D, et.al. (1992) The Drosophila mei-S332 gene promotes sister-chromatid cohesion in meiosis following kinetochore differentiation. Genetics, 130：827.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Kerrebrock, A.W., Moore, D.P., Wu, J.S, et.al. (1995) Mei-S332, a Drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions. Cell, 83：247.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Watanabe, Y. (2005) Shugoshin: guardian spirit at the centromere. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17: 590–595.</ref>
<ref name="ref11">Tang, T.T.L., Bickel, S.E., Young, L.M. , et.al. (1998) Maintenance of sister-chromatid cohesion at the centromere by the Drosophila MEI-S332 protein. Genes Dev,12: 3843.</ref>

</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T13:54:34Z

Zhangziliang: /* Labs working on this gene */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis [2]. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. Drosophila Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation [4] [8] [9]. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while Schizosaccharomyces pombe and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) [4] [10]. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization [4] [11]. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In S. pombe, the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC) [4].

==Labs working on this gene==

*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T13:53:09Z

Zhangziliang: /* Function */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (''Zea mays''), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis [2]. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. Drosophila Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation [4] [8] [9]. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while Schizosaccharomyces pombe and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) [4] [10]. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization [4] [11]. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In S. pombe, the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC) [4].

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.
*State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T12:26:53Z

Zhangziliang: /* Knowledge Extension */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis [2]. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. Drosophila Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered， which is necessary for chromosome precise separation [4] [8] [9]. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while Schizosaccharomyces pombe and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) [4] [10]. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization [4] [11]. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In S. pombe, the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC) [4].

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T12:23:21Z

Zhangziliang: /* Knowledge Extension */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

OsSGO1 is a shugoshin protein. Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis [2]. Shugoshins (Japanese for ‘guardian spirit’) are the conserved
proteins required to protect the cohesin adjacent to the centromeres from cleavage by separase. Drosophila Mei-S332 was the first protein in the shugoshin family to be discovered [8] [9]. From then, shugoshins have been identified in various organisms from yeast to humans. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila have only one kinds of shugoshin, which is expressed in both mitosis and meiosis, while Schizosaccharomyces pombe and mammals have two (Sgo1 and Sgo2) [4] [10]. There are two conserved domains in shugoshin proteins: one is the coiled-coil that is located near the N-terminal, which may mediate homodimerization and interactions with other proteins; the other is the basic region in the C-terminal, which is required for chromosomal localization [4] [11]. The activity of shugoshin is controlled by an accurate and complicated process during cell divisions. In S. pombe, the location of Sgo1 is regulated by the kinase, Bub1, and its degradation at anaphase I is controlled by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC) [4].

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T12:07:06Z

Zhangziliang: /* Evolution */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2)<ref name="ref2" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

File:Figure S2.jpg

2014-05-31T09:37:47Z

Zhangziliang: Black boxes indicate identical amino acids, and gray boxes indicate similar amino acids.

Black boxes indicate identical amino acids, and gray boxes indicate similar amino acids.

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T09:37:00Z

Zhangziliang: /* Evolution */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
[[File:Figure S2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Alignment of OsSGO1 with ZmSGO1 in maize (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2) <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T09:34:41Z

Zhangziliang: /* Evolution */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I. The OsSGO1 protein sequence,which comprises 486 amino acid residues, shows a high similarity toZmSGO1(209/537 residues identical and 278/537 residues positive(Figure S2) <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

File:FigureS5.jpg

2014-05-31T09:26:38Z

Zhangziliang: Lane 1, young panicles of wild type; Lane 2, young panicles of OsSGO1RNAi; Lane 3, young panicles of Ossgo1-1.

Lane 1, young panicles of wild type; Lane 2, young panicles of OsSGO1RNAi; Lane 3, young panicles of Ossgo1-1.

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T09:25:30Z

Zhangziliang: /* Expression（Mutant VS Wild type） */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS5.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Western blotting analysis of OsSGO1 expression (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]

''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants. Additionally, through immunoblotting, it is found that the expression level of OsSGO1 protein is indeed down-regulated in Ossgo1-1 and OsSGO1RNAi plants (Figure S5) <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:55:18Z

Zhangziliang: /* Function */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene ''OsSGO1'' is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of ''OsSGO1'' may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the ''OsSGO1'' localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in ''Ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:53:56Z

Zhangziliang: /* References */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene ''OsSGO1'' in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and ''Sgo1'' establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:53:25Z

Zhangziliang: /* Evolution */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
''SGO1'' gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, ''SGO1'' gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:52:45Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' is inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:52:11Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single ''Tos17''-insertion mutant line of the ''OsSGO1'' gene, ''Ossgo1-1'', is identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that ''Tos17'' was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:50:23Z

Zhangziliang: /* Expression（Mutant VS Wild type） */

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of ''Ossgo1'' mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
''OsSGO1'' is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant grows normally in the vegetative stage but is sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen is completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 is slightly decreased in the ''Ossgo1-1'' mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, it is found that the ''Ossgo1-1'' cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the ''Tos17''-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, an allelic mutant of ''Ossgo1-1'' with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60 Co~γ-ray radiation is identified and is named as ''Ossgo1-2'' (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous ''Ossgo1-2'' mutant is also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of ''OsSGO1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the ''Tos17'' inserted regions of ''ossgo1'' <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of ''OsSGO1'' cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:43:55Z

Zhangziliang:

The ''Ossgo1''gene encodes the protein OsSGO1 which maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:40:53Z

Zhangziliang: /* Expression（Mutant VS Wild type） */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:40:26Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:38:14Z

Zhangziliang: /* Expression（Mutant VS Wild type） */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves(Figure S3)<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:36:31Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon(Figure S1). <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:30:50Z

Zhangziliang: /* Expression（Mutant VS Wild type） */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon. <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves<ref name="ref2" />.
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation<ref name="ref1" />. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants <ref name="ref2" />.

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:29:21Z

Zhangziliang: /* Evolution */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon. <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves<ref name="ref2" />).
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation[1]. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants [2].

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:28:28Z

Zhangziliang: /* References */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon. <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves<ref name="ref2" />).
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation[1]. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants [2].

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of h anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during the first meiotic division <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et.al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal. 67 : 583-594 </ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.21 :654–665.</ref>
<ref name="ref4">Tomoya S. Kitajima1, Shigehiro A. Kawashima1,Yoshinori Watanabe1.(2004) The conserved kinetochore protein shugoshin protects centromeric cohesion during meiosis. Nature. 427 :510–517.</ref>
<ref name="ref5">Kiburz, B.M., Reynolds, D.B., Megee, P.C., et.al. (2005) The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I. EMBO J. 22 :3017-3030.</ref>
<ref name="ref6">Vahan B. Indjeian, Bodo M. Stern, Andrew W. Murray. (2005) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Science. 307 :130–133.</ref>
<ref name="ref7">Olivier Hamant, Inna Golubovskaya, Robert Meeley, et.al. (2005) A REC8-Dependent Plant Shugoshin Is Required for Maintenance of Centromeric Cohesion during Meiosis and Has No Mitotic Functions. Current Biology. 15 : 948–954.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T04:11:45Z

Zhangziliang: /* Evolution */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon. <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves<ref name="ref2" />).
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation[1]. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants [2].

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 <ref name="ref4" /><ref name="ref5" />. Many researches of SGO function have been investigated in animals and yeast <ref name="ref6" />, while relatively few has been reported in plants. In plants, SGO1 gene is first found in maize, and the mutant of premature-dissociation centromeric cohesion which locates in the centromere at the stage of h anaphase Ⅰ. And the phenotype is due to the deletion of ZmSGO1 protein. ZmSGO1 is found to be located in the centromere from the eptotene stage Previous studies indicates that ZmSGO1 plays an important role in protecting of centromeric cohesion during the first meiotic division <ref name="ref7" />.

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal: 583-594.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.:654–665.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T03:21:49Z

Zhangziliang: /* Evolution */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon. <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves<ref name="ref2" />).
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation[1]. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants [2].

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
SGO1 gene is the first meiosis specificity expressed gene in yeast cDNA library screening conducted in Watanabe Lab, as well as to the lack of corresponding mutant phenotype analysis, identified as the homologous gene of Drosophila melanogaster Mei - S332 [4] [5].

===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal: 583-594.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.:654–665.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

File:FigureS4.jpg

2014-05-31T02:53:43Z

Zhangziliang: The adding nucleotides at the downstream of Tos17-insertion position are indicated by red color

The adding nucleotides at the downstream of Tos17-insertion position are indicated by red color

File:FigureS3.jpg

2014-05-31T02:52:44Z

Zhangziliang: (a) Comparison of the wild-type plant (left, Nipponbare) and the Ossgo1-1 mutant plant (right). (b) Comparison of the wild-type panicle (left, Nipponbare) and the Ossgo1-1 panicle (right). (c) Comparison of the wild-type plant (left, Yandao 8) and the Oss

(a) Comparison of the wild-type plant (left, Nipponbare) and the Ossgo1-1 mutant plant (right). (b) Comparison of the wild-type panicle (left, Nipponbare) and the Ossgo1-1 panicle (right). (c) Comparison of the wild-type plant (left, Yandao 8) and the Ossgo1-2 mutant plant (right). (d) Comparison of the wild-type panicle (left, Yandao 8) and the Ossgo1-2 panicle (right). (e) Fertile pollen grains in Nipponbare stained by 1% I2-KI. (f) Completely inviable pollen grains in Ossgo1-1 mutant. Bars, 50 μm.

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T02:51:17Z

Zhangziliang: /* Expression（Mutant VS Wild type） */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon. <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves<ref name="ref2" />).
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation[1]. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants [2].

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.
===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal: 583-594.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.:654–665.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]

Os02g0799100

2014-05-31T02:50:49Z

Zhangziliang: /* Mutation */

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Os02g0799100 is the rice(''Oryza sativa'') homologue of the maize Sgo1 gene. It encodes an homolog of shugoshin protein ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. The gene OsSGO1 is essential for rice meiosis and plays an important role in protecting centromeric cohesion during meiosis. The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophaseⅠand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation.And the OsSGO1 localizes to centromere from the result of immunostaining experiments <ref name="ref1" />. In addition to the meiosisspecific maintenance of centromeric cohesion, OsSGO1 is required for the timely assembly and maintenance of SCs during early prophase I. Furthermore, the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1 <ref name="ref2" />. OsAM1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1 in rice and is required for the leptotene–zygotene transition <ref name="ref3" />. OsSGO1 is specifically required to protect centromeric cohesion during meiosis.OsSGO1 transfers from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase in both meiosis and mitosis.The relocalization of OsSGO1 onto centromeres is OsAM1-dependent.The maintenance of SCs in prophase I is affected in Ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />.

===Mutation===
[[File:Figure S1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Schematic representation of OsSGO1 gene (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
An OsSGO1-RNAi vector is transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. OsSGO1-RNAi lines isobtained by screening the plants regenerated from the transformed calli by PCR. One single Tos17-insertion mutant line of the OsSGO1 gene, Ossgo1-1, was identified by screening the public insertion line collections. Sequence analysis of its PCR products confirmed that Tos17 was inserted into exon 15, only 5 bp upstream from the stop codon. <ref name="ref2" /> .

===Expression（Mutant VS Wild type）===
[[File:FigureS2.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Expression analysis of OsSGO1 (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS3.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Characterization of the phenotype of Ossgo1 mutants (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
[[File:FigureS4.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''The defective cDNA sequence from Ossgo1-1 mutant (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
OsSGO1 is expressed most highly in the roots, secondly in the panicles, and at a relatively low level in leaves<ref name="ref2" />).
The knockdown of OsSGO1 may cause precocious disassociation and random segregation of sister chromatids at telophase Ⅰand anaphase II, respectively, which finally leads to sterile pollen formation[1]. The homozygous Ossgo1-1 mutant grew normally in the vegetative stage but was sterile during the flowering phase, and its pollen was completely non-viable when evaluated by 1% I2-KI solution staining (Figure S4). The transcription level of OsSGO1 was slightly decreased in the Ossgo1-1 mutant (Figure S3). Additionally, by performing RT-PCR, we found that the Ossgo1-1 cDNA sequence is altered downstream of the Tos17-insertion position by the addition of 71 nucleotides, and the whole cDNA lacks a stop codon (Figure S5). Additionally, we identified an allelic mutant of Ossgo1-1 with a deletion of 15 bp (nucleotides 1773–1787 in the gene) from the mutants induced by 60Co~γ-ray radiation and named as Ossgo1-2 (Figure S1), which results in five amino acids missing in OsSGO1. The homozygous Ossgo1-2 mutant was also normal in the vegetative stage but completely sterile (Figure S4). Neither of the mutants set seeds when pollinated with pollen from the wild-type plants [2].

{| class='wikitable' style="text-align:center"
|-
! | Primer
! | Forward primer
! | Reverse primer
|-
| rowspan="3"|Gene amplication
| | 5'-CGAAACCTCATCGGATTCCT-3'
| | 5'-GCCAATGGTGTTTGTGCTCT-3' (used to amplify the predicted coding regions of OsSGO1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-ATTGTTAGGTTGCAAGTTAGTTAAGA'
| | 5'-GCCTCGAACAAAGAGGACTG-3' (used to amplify the Tos17 inserted regions of ossgo1 <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| | 5'-GTGAATTCCCATTGAGGATCCAGAGCCACCA-3'
| | 5'-AGTCTCGAGTACCTATCACCTGCTCGTCAGA-3' (used to amplify the fragment of OsSGO1 cDNA <ref name="ref2" />)
|-
| rowspan="2"|RT-PCR
| | 5'-TCAATCAGCTGTGCCATCTT-3'
| | 5'-CATCTTGCCACCACA AATCA-3' <ref name="ref2" />
|}

===Evolution===
Please input evolution information here.
===Knowledge Extension===

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1">ChiZhengchang. (2010) Functional Analysis of the Meiotic Gene OsSGO1 in ''Oryza sativa''. Yangzhou university.</ref>
<ref name="ref2">Mo Wang, Ding Tang, Kejian Wang, et al. (2011) OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis. The Plant Journal: 583-594.</ref>
<ref name="ref3">Che, L., Tang, D., Wang, K., et.al. (2011) OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice. Cell Res.:654–665.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0799100|
Description = Hypothetical protein|
Version = NM_001186253.1 GI:297721638 GeneID:9266998|
Length = 3610 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0799100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:34917690..34921299|
CDS = 34920472..34920601,34920706..34920743,34920892..34921040,34921133..34921148|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:34917690..34921299
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggcggccgctgcaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaacaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MAAAAGAAARGGGVIPAGKGGSLRSPGKPVVLADITNTGRPNPT GSVHAIADVLKENAKLRHLLAERNKVIEVSRVELQKIRLALQAMQQKNLQLVQANSQM FAVCLLIH</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>699..828#557..594#260..408#152..167#tctccgaaacctcatcggattcctctccgcgcggctaccggagcgccgcctctctctccccgcgcgcgcgctgcggctccgagggtcctcgccggcttcacctccggcggtggcgtgcgcaaccacaggccccgcggccgctgggccagccatggcggccgctgcaggtaaaaatcgtatcccctagatttcgagctacccgtggcattccatggtggggttctctcgggctcagcttccgcacctcctcctaaaccaggggcagcggcgcgcggtggcggtgtgatcccggccggtaagggtggcagccttcggtcgccggggaaacccgtcgtgctcgccgacatcaccaacaccgggaggcccaaccctactggatccgtccacgccatcgctgacgtcctcaaggtgatttcagttctagctctattttttttttcttcgggggatttcggttctaactcaaacaagcagacaaccctagcagcgccaagttgaatgctagtaattccgatttccatccgattaaaccatttaattcctcccttgctttcaggagaacgccaagttgcgtcatctgcttgctgagcgaaagtatgcattgcctctaccatccattttgttgtcggaggataaaacctgcggtttctcaagtagcacagttttttttaaattattttttgctttcttatttgcagcaaagtcattgaagtcagcagagtagagttgcagaaaatccgcctcgcactgcaagccatgcagcagaagaacttgcaactcgtgcaggctaattcgcagatgtttgcggtttgtctacttatccattagctccctacctcaccattcttgtgtcaatgtttgtttatacttgtgcaatgctggttcaccaggcctgtaggttgagcacatagtttgagttatagctatgcataatggcaaatgagaagtgtttgtcttacttcattgctgattgttttgtggtagttacagactgtttgatatgtctatgttttcttcttccttgcaggaaataaatcaaggaaaagatagagtaagctgcctctggttctttgttgtttgaattttcaaatgcagtatgatttctgatttggggattaatctgtggatatgacatgcagatcaagttattgcaacatgaacttgcatgcacaatagccgtgctcaaagtaaagggttctgaactcgaggtaattctaaagcttgactgtatgaacctctgtttgttacatataacatgcttttctcatcgtctactattgcagaagatgagtaagacttctaacaatcaacaaaatagagcaaagatattggtatgcagtcaaattcttaagcaaatgattcaccatgtttagctgcattatttctagttctgaattctgaaatcgttctgttcgtgcaacataatcaggagaaaaaaaccaggtcttccaaatgcgcaccaactaaggctcatcaaatggctgcaggttctattagagaacatttggttgaaattcaatgtaatgctcactcttctcactatttctttcttgaactagatactatacctggcaatcgtttcatctatcctactttatggttataatttaccccctttatatgaagcaattgaagttttatgttttttcctctgccataagttaggacactagtaaaattctaatcttcatttgttgccaatttcttctcagcagctgtgccatcttatactagctgtcatgagcctccacaggataaaacaaacaagaggtattttcatctctttactgatgtttgagtgggtgactggttgaccgggttatagtagcctatttcatgcatcactacttattcagcatgtttgcaaacaggtgcacaaataggcggaagtcagaatcatgtgaagttacaatggataccaacacagtgcaacatagctgcagacctcatgtggaatataatgggtcatcgcatgatgatgatccaaggtaatcaatgcttaatgcttataacagaatgcgttcattgttgcatcattatctgatttaagcttgttcaaaactcttgggcacatgtggtcagaaaaactcgacggagaaggtctgccagattgaaccctggatcttttgaggtcgcagagatctgtgataaattgcatgaggatgctactgttccttcggctcctagttctaatgttccaaagctgcaggaaccaaatgctggaaaagatatggtagggttttactatttctttctgtttttctgtttcaaaaaaaatttcacaatgtggttatgattttgtgctagatttgtggtggcaagatgaagtcattgcaaaaagaacttccatgtgatgcaatagcgcaagtagtagaggctccagaactcaaggtaattgagcagagtggttcgcatcaaatttttgctagtcttacatatattaatttattttttagtaaaatctggatcctgattgtatgtactagaaaaaacgaagtatgcacacacaaaaggaagtgtatctggaggtgggcaggacagttcttatgtaaataatcctcacatttatccatgaagaagtcttaattcttattatgttcctacttctttcgtccaatgaaattaggagatacaagaagcaggttccagcgttgctggaggtgaggcgcataaatttgatattgaggatccagagccaccaaggtatggcacatcattttagcagggtttaagatgcatggtacatcacacaattcacctaaacaatatgctctgtccaatcagaaaatcaatgcgtattgatgcaaacaaacggaagctggaatcatttgagagtcgattggcctcgaacaaagaggactgcatcaatgccatatgcgactcaacttcaagcgtgccaattcagcatgaacaaaagaggtaactctctcctatattccaacgatgcactttcctctgcatggaacatgtcaatcatggctgcccttaatactgcagaaaattgtcaaggagaaaatcctcaagactggaccctggaccttgggaggtcacaaatggcacttttgaaattgtccaggaagatacagttgccccgtctgctccttccagttcaaatgctttgatcgagcagaccaaaaatgatatgcaaaacgaccgcagttgctcgactaaaccttctgacgagcaggtgataggtagaagatcttcagttgggaggccctcaagacgggcagcagaaaagatagtctcctacaaggaggtgcccttgaatattaagatgcgacgaccatgatccccacttgcatgcaaagagcacaaacaccattggcatttattttatggtgtagaatcaagtttgttgtgtatctatctgttttggtcgctgtcaataggtaggttagctcctctatctaccccaacatggatactcaccctgcatcccagtttcaaactgaccatggaatttatctgatttagcctcagtctggactgatgatgccgataacaaccagcaaaccattgttcctgttctgatgaagtagagaccagacaacaataatgtggttagtactgttttattttcttgatggttctcatatgttgagagatc</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001186253.1 RefSeq:Os02g0799100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]