View source for Os02g0100100

Please input one-sentence summary here.

==Annotated Information==
===Function===
Protein disulfide isomerase or PDI is an enzyme in the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes that catalyzes the formation and breakage of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues within proteins as they fold.<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" /><ref name="ref3" />
Please input function information here.
====Protein folding====
PDI contains four thioredoxin-like domains, two of which retain the canonical CXXC motif. The reduced (that is, dithiol) form of PDI is able to catalyse a reduction of mispaired thiol residues of a particular substrate, acting as an isomerase.<ref name="ref4" /> Therefore, PDI is capable of catalyzing the posttranslational modification disulfide exchange. Such exchange reactions can occur intramolecularly, leading to the rearrangement of disulfide bonds in a single protein.<ref name="ref5" />

====Redox signaling==== 
In the chloroplasts of the unicellular algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the PDI RB60 serves as a redox sensor component of an mRNA-binding protein complex implicated in the photo-regulation of the translation of psbA, the RNA encoding for the photosystem II core protein D1. PDI has also been suggested to play a role in the formation of regulatory disulfide bonds in chloroplasts.<ref name="ref6" />

====Other functions====
PDI helps load antigenic peptides into MHC class I molecules. These molecules (MHC I) are related to the peptide presentation by antigen-presenting cells in the immune response.

PDI has been found to be involved in the breaking of bonds on the HIV gp120 protein during HIV infection of CD4 positive cells, and is required for HIV infection of lymphocytes and monocytes.<ref name="ref7" />

===Expression===
The typical PDI is the most prominent member of a family of related PDI-like proteins characterised by the presence of one to three thioredoxin-like active domains<ref name="ref8" />. Several genes encoding PDI-like proteins with unusual primary structure, different expression pattern and exhibiting a wide range of activities have been identified in every extensively sequenced mammalian genome<ref name="ref9" />. Even though all proteins of the PDI family have been located within the ER, where they perform their function, Turano et al. have located some of them in different subcellular locations, but their export mechanism is still unknown. In higher plants, 13 genes have been identified in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and 12 in rice (Oryza sativa) and in maize (Zea mays) <ref name="ref10" />.

==Structured Information==
     [[Category:Genes]][[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]][[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]

==Labs working on this gene==
Please input related labs here.

==References==
<references>
<ref name="ref1"> Wilkinson B, Gilbert HF (June 2004). "Protein disulfide isomerase". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1699 (1-2): 35–44. </ref>
<ref name="ref2"> Gruber CW, Cemazar M, Heras B, Martin JL, Craik DJ (August 2006). "Protein disulfide isomerase: the structure of oxidative folding". Trends in Biochemical Sciences 31 (8): 455–64. </ref>
<ref name="ref3"> Galligan JJ, Petersen DR (July 2012). "The human protein disulphide isomerase gene family". Human Genomics 6 (6).</ref>
<ref name="ref4"> Hatahet F, Ruddock LW (October 2007). "Substrate recognition by the protein disulfide isomerases". FEBS J. 274 (20): 5223–34.</ref>
<ref name="ref5"> Hatahet F, Ruddock LW (November 2009). "Protein Disulfide Isomerase: A Critical Evaluation of Its Function in Disulfide Bond Formation". Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 11 (11): 2807–50.</ref>
<ref name="ref6"> Wittenberg G, Danon A (2008). "Disulfide bond formation in chloroplasts". Plant Science 175 (4): 459–466.</ref>
<ref name="ref7"> Ryser, Hugues J.-P.; Flückiger, Rudolf (August 2005). "Progress in targeting HIV-1 entry". Drug Discovery Today. Keynote review 10 (16) (Elsevier). pp. 1085–1094.</ref>
<ref name="ref8">Ellgaard L, Ruddock LW: The human protein disulphide isomerase family: substrate interactions and functional properties. EMBO Rep 2005, 6:28-32.</ref>
<ref name="ref9">Turano C, Coppari S, Altieri F, Ferraro A: Proteins of the PDI family: unpredicted non-ER locations and functions. J Cell Physiol 2002,193:154-163.</ref>
<ref name="ref10">Houston NL, Fan C, Xiang QY, Schulze JM, Jung R, Boston RS: Phylogenetic analyses identify 10 classes of the protein disulfide isomerase family in
plants, including single-domain protein disulfide isomerase-related proteins. Plant Physiol 2005, 137:762-778.</ref>
</references>

==Structured Information==
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os02g0100100|
Description = Protein disulphide isomerase family protein|
Version = NM_001052114.1 GI:115443598 GeneID:4327971|
Length = 4744 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0100100, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

  ORGANISM  Oryza sativa Japonica Group
            Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
            Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
            clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 2|Chromosome 2]]|
AP = Chromosome 2:3634..8377|
CDS = 3864..4049,4861..4917,5514..5648,5728..5808,5884..5952<br>,6419..6493,6619..6705,6873..6953,7045..7163<br>,7262..7430,7538..7667,7753..8255|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008395:3634..8377
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008395:3634..8377
source=RiceChromosome02
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgcgctcccgatctctcctcctcgtcgccctcgccacccttcttctccacgcctccgcctccgcctccgacgacgacctcgactacctcatcgacaacgccgacgacatccccgccaacgaccccgacggctggctccaggagggctcccccgacgacgacgacgacgacgacctcttccaccatggccaggcccaggaccatcccatagatgagacccacgtcttcctcctctccgccgccaacttctccgacttcctcgcctcccaccgccatgtcatggtcgagttctacgccccctggtgcgcccattgccaggcgctcgccccagactacgccgccgccgccgccgacctctcccctcttgcccatcaagtcgccctcgccaaggtcgacgccaccgaggacactgatctcgcccagaagtacgacgtccagggcttccccaccatcctcttcttcatcgacggcgttcccaaggactacaacggcgcaagaaccaaggaagccatcgtgtcgtgggtcaacaagaagctagctcccggggtgcaaaacatcaccaccgtcgacgaggcggagaagatactcaccggggaggacaaggccattcttgccgtcctcgactccctatcgggtgctcacagtgatgagattgctgctgcttcgaggctggaagatgctatcaacttttaccagacttccaatcctgatgttgccaagctttttcaccttgacccagcggccaagcgcccgtccttagtcctgctcaagaaacaagaggaggagaagttgaccttctatgatgggccattcaaagcatctgcaattgccgattttgtatctgcaaacaagcttccgttggtcaacaccctcacacaggaaactgctccttccatttttgacaatccaatcaagaagcagattttactatttgttgttgcaaacgaatcgtcgaaatttctgcccatctttaaggaagcatcaaaatcattcaaggggaagcttttgtttgtctttgtggagcgtgacaatgaggaagtaggtgaaccagttgccaactactttggtattactggacaagagaccacagttcttgcttacactgggaatgaagatgctaggaattttttccttgatggtgaaatatcggtagagaatattaagagatttgctgaggatttcttagaggaaaagctcacaccgttctacaagtctgaacctgtacctgaatctaatgaaggagatgtcaaaattgttgttggaaaaaacctagatcagattgttttggatgaatcaaaagatgcccttttggagatatatgcaccatggtgtgggcattgtcaggaactggagcctacctacaacaagctaggaaagcatctccgtggcattgactcccttgtaatagctaaaatggatggcactgccaatgagcatccacgtgcaaagcctgatggattcccaacgatcctcttttatccagcaggaaagaaaagttttgagcctattacttttgagggggaccgtacggtggtggagatgtacaagtttatcaagaagcacgctagcatccctttcaaactgaagcggccggattcgtcagcaacgaaaacagagaaggatcagagcacagcttcaactaatttgaggggggagaggagttccggtacaaatttcaaggatgagttgtag</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MRSRSLLLVALATLLLHASASASDDDLDYLIDNADDIPANDPDG                     WLQEGSPDDDDDDDLFHHGQAQDHPIDETHVFLLSAANFSDFLASHRHVMVEFYAPWC                     AHCQALAPDYAAAAADLSPLAHQVALAKVDATEDTDLAQKYDVQGFPTILFFIDGVPK                     DYNGARTKEAIVSWVNKKLAPGVQNITTVDEAEKILTGEDKAILAVLDSLSGAHSDEI                     AAASRLEDAINFYQTSNPDVAKLFHLDPAAKRPSLVLLKKQEEEKLTFYDGPFKASAI                     ADFVSANKLPLVNTLTQETAPSIFDNPIKKQILLFVVANESSKFLPIFKEASKSFKGK                     LLFVFVERDNEEVGEPVANYFGITGQETTVLAYTGNEDARNFFLDGEISVENIKRFAE                     DFLEEKLTPFYKSEPVPESNEGDVKIVVGKNLDQIVLDESKDALLEIYAPWCGHCQEL                     EPTYNKLGKHLRGIDSLVIAKMDGTANEHPRAKPDGFPTILFYPAGKKSFEPITFEGD                     RTVVEMYKFIKKHASIPFKLKRPDSSATKTEKDQSTASTNLRGERSSGTNFKDEL</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>4329..4514#3461..3517#2730..2864#2570..2650#2426..2494#1885..1959#1673..1759#1425..1505#1215..1333#948..1116#711..840#123..625#gctcttatcgaaaattaaaaaaagagagagaaataaaaggggatcgatccgctcttgtagttgtagagcgttccattccacttccacagcagtggactcagtgagcaacggaggaagcaacgatgcgctcccgatctctcctcctcgtcgccctcgccacccttcttctccacgcctccgcctccgcctccgacgacgacctcgactacctcatcgacaacgccgacgacatccccgccaacgaccccgacggctggctccaggagggctcccccgacgacgacgacgacgacgacctcttccaccatggccaggcccaggaccatcccatagatgagacccacgtcttcctcctctccgccgccaacttctccgacttcctcgcctcccaccgccatgtcatggtcgagttctacgccccctggtgcgcccattgccaggcgctcgccccagactacgccgccgccgccgccgacctctcccctcttgcccatcaagtcgccctcgccaaggtcgacgccaccgaggacactgatctcgcccagaagtacgacgtccagggcttccccaccatcctcttcttcatcgacggcgttcccaaggactacaacggcgcaagaaccaagtgcgtgtcccccctccccccagatcccatctcatctcgtctcttggcttcaatttctttgacttgtctcttgccttggctccagggaagccatcgtgtcgtgggtcaacaagaagctagctcccggggtgcaaaacatcaccaccgtcgacgaggcggagaagatactcaccggggaggacaaggccattcttgccgtcctcgactccctatcggtaccttctcttctcttctactcaagtcaaccccgatgctctttctaaattcttactgcacacacactattattattaatcttcttttcaaaccctactacttacagggtgctcacagtgatgagattgctgctgcttcgaggctggaagatgctatcaacttttaccagacttccaatcctgatgttgccaagctttttcaccttgacccagcggccaagcgcccgtccttagtcctgctcaagaaacaagaggaggagaagttgaccttctatggtacccttctctctaagtcactttaagcatcaatcccctcatttctattttccatgcggggcttggttgttggataatatactccacctatcatgcagatgggccattcaaagcatctgcaattgccgattttgtatctgcaaacaagcttccgttggtcaacaccctcacacaggaaactgctccttccatttttgacaatccaatcaagaagcaggcatgtctaattgatattgcttctgtacatttctcacttttttggtccatttatacattactgggctgctaacttttatttttcaaaccagattttactatttgttgttgcaaacgaatcgtcgaaatttctgcccatctttaaggaagcatcaaaatcattcaaggggaaggtagtttttttttcttttgatccgtcaagttatcagcaaacttacttccgttgcttcacatgctttactcaaatttggtgctatgcaacaccacttatcactttcccattctatttatttactgatgtgttcgtttaccactgatgaggtgtgtggccaaaatgcagcttttgtttgtctttgtggagcgtgacaatgaggaagtaggtgaaccagttgccaactactttggtattactggacaagagaccacagtaatgacttgtgttctttgttacctttatctgtactgttgtttcttgcatcgaaattggatgctgcaatttagcctccatttaatgtgtttgtgttatttttttgtttgtccctatgactgtaggttcttgcttacactgggaatgaagatgctaggaattttttccttgatggtgaaatatcggtagagaatattaaggtaattgttgacacaggcccatgcacagtgccttattagatgtaaaaatagcataggagtgtgctcaagtagttcgaacaaattgttcattatgttaccaagtttcaagctagcatgtaatcaccaatcatttgagtttttttggcaaatgcattttctatttgtactgtattaatttaacctgagaatcttgcatgtatttgtggtttgtgcattatcaattaatattgcattttgtagtgaacaaatgcaatgtgcatctttttgcaatttatgcaccatgccgtttggtgtagaagttgtccttttaactagggtacttattacttttcttggacactgttgatattgagttctgccactgctagtgaggaaggagtcgactatcattctccaagaatttttcttattccttgaaggcttggttattggacacctttattgtttttatcctttttacatgcagagatttgctgaggatttcttagaggaaaagctcacaccgttctacaagtctgaacctgtacctgaatctgtgagtctataattatatgatgggttctttctccacttattgtaccataatgagacattctgtgttcccatacagaatgaaggagatgtcaaaattgttgttggaaaaaacctagatcagattgttttggatgaatcaaaagatgcccttttggaggtatgttcttcctggaaggtaaattatgagaaaaatggtatttatatgtggtccataatcgttgttgctgttgttgcagatatatgcaccatggtgtgggcattgtcaggaactggagcctacctacaacaagctaggaaagcatctccgtggcattgactcccttgtaatagctaaaatggatggcactgccaatgagcatccacgtgcaaaggtctgttctgcttcctgttggttttggcagtttcacttcacttttctttgaactggatattagaaagtaaaatttggaggcacgaaatgaagagtttaatttcctgtgctattgtggccaaaagatcttgtgcatgtatgatatgaaacaccgctagttatgaaaaatgtgagggttgctcaactgctttgttattcgaaatcgcacttttgcacactgcacaaaaaaggtacatatccatccatcatctaatactacatacatttcaatgttgatttacttctcatccatgtatatgtattcacgcactacgatctcacgagtatgcatcagtggtacagtattttgaggcagtagtgaccactgtagcatgtgaaatttgacttgtagttggaacaattcatttcccctccaatctccatgcaatctgaaccttcaagattggctcatagtttgctagtactattcttttatgtgattatcttccttaaattttcaatgcatgcatgcatgcatgcttagtcttgtttatttttccattttattatgttgtaaactttccatattacagaattaacacttgcttcttgtcacagcctgatggattcccaacgatcctcttttatccagcaggaaagaaaagttttgagcctgtaagtgcccaaatatgtgtcatgtcttattgaggggtgcatttgttactgtatgtaatctgtctctcagtaggtttgttacctctctcttcggtagaattgcctagatttcttataatctgctaaaaccgaaatatatctgtctctctctctctgtagaaatcttgaatcacctctctactatatgttaccgcactattcaaactgcatgcgtgtccttggtttcttgctaaaaaaaaatccaacctgcacggctgcacctatggcattgaagtcattctgcgctataacatttgttgaggtctttcccttaaaacaacatttgttgaggtcggaattcaagatacgttaggcgtatatctgacaagttatgtttatgagattttgagatcctgaaagggtccgtatataacagtatttaccagaagtctaatttagggagtgtttagatctaggggtgtaaagttttggcgtgtcacatcgggtatatagggtgtcgcatagggtgtttgcgcactaataaaaaaactaattacagaatccgtcagtaaaccacgagatgaatttattaagcctaattaatctatcattagtaaatgtttactgtagcaccacattgtcaaatcatggggcaattaggcttaaaaatccatctcgcaaattagtcacaatctatgcaattagttatttttttagtctatatttaatattttatgtagttgttcaaacgttcgatgtgatagggtgtaaaatttttgtgtgggaaccaaacagggccttatttaatttggctgtgcgttattgtgtgcagattacttttgagggggaccgtacggtggtggagatgtacaagtttatcaagaagcacgctagcatccctttcaaactgaagcggccggattcgtcagcaacgaaaacagagaaggatcagagcacagcttcaactaatttgaggggggagaggagttccggtacaaatttcaaggatgagttgtagtcttgtagagcggcattggtgcaacctttgaacaaggcaacgacgctctctagaaaaggctgtttctttttatgtatgcgagggcctgaggggcagcagaaaggaatccaaagttggtttctactttctatagagagtattccggtaaggagttagcttggacgatgtgcatgttgagatgaacgaattgaatcgaatcgaatggaataaaagcaaacgaaacggcttcg</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001052114.1 RefSeq:Os02g0100100]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 2]]
[[Category:Chromosome 2]]