Os01g0919400 - Revision history

Zhennan: /* Expression Pattern */

2016-07-01T12:57:32Z

‎Expression Pattern

Zhennan: /* Function */

2016-07-01T12:55:40Z

‎Function

Zhennan: /* Knowledge Extension */

2016-07-01T12:50:56Z

‎Knowledge Extension

Zhennan: /* Background */

2016-07-01T12:40:37Z

‎Background

Zhennan at 12:28, 1 July 2016

2016-07-01T12:28:54Z

Zhennan: /* Knowledge Extension */

2016-07-01T12:28:05Z

‎Knowledge Extension

Zhennan: /* Mutation */

2016-07-01T12:27:14Z

‎Mutation

Zhennan: /* Subcellular localization */

2016-07-01T09:43:04Z

‎Subcellular localization

Xysj2012: /* References */

2016-06-30T08:03:54Z

‎References

Liman: /* Expression Pattern */

2016-06-06T09:48:51Z

‎Expression Pattern

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:57, 1 July 2016
Line 55:		Line 55:

	* The promoter activities of sucrose phosphate synthase gene in rice, OsSPS1, is controlled by light and circadian clock, but not by sucrose<ref name="ref3" />. The promoter activities of OsSPS1 is low during the dark period and increased rapidly after the onset of the light period. While the promoter activity of '''''OsSPS1''''' decreased gradually during the day and remained low through out the night(Figure2A)<ref name="ref3" />.		* The promoter activities of sucrose phosphate synthase gene in rice, OsSPS1, is controlled by light and circadian clock, but not by sucrose<ref name="ref3" />. The promoter activities of OsSPS1 is low during the dark period and increased rapidly after the onset of the light period. While the promoter activity of '''''OsSPS1''''' decreased gradually during the day and remained low through out the night(Figure2A)<ref name="ref3" />.
		+
		+	* The mRNA levels of SPS2 and SPS8 were highest in the early dark period, were not correlated with sugar content under light/dark conditions, and did not show a clear circadian pattern under continuous light. It is likely that their transcription is mainly regulated by light and only slightly by endogenous rhythm. However, the regulation of SPS11 is probably more complex because its mRNA levels were high in the early dark period, and a prolonged light period tended to increase it.

	==Knowledge Extension==		==Knowledge Extension==

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:55, 1 July 2016
Line 13:		Line 13:

	* Sucrose synthesis via '''''OsSPS1''''' is essential in pollen germination in rice<ref name="ref6" />.		* Sucrose synthesis via '''''OsSPS1''''' is essential in pollen germination in rice<ref name="ref6" />.
		+
		+	* In rice, the expression patterns of most of the SPS gene family, except for SPS1, have not been examined previously. The mRNA of SPS1 was reported to be present in source tissues such as the mature leaf blades of young plants and scutella of germinating seeds. In the present study, we confirmed that the mRNA of SPS1 was abundant in source tissues, particularly in leaf blades. In addition to the germinating and seedling stages, we measured the mRNA in leaves at the heading stage, and showed that the source-specific expression of SPS1 was irrespective of developmental stage. Therefore, SPS1 can be regarded as a source-specific gene. In addition, the mRNA level of SPS1 was high in senescent leaves, suggesting its contribution to the retention of SPS activity during leaf senescence.
		+
		+	* However, the mRNA levels of SPS2, SPS6, and SPS8 were also high in some sink tissues, such as elongating leaf, indicating that these SPS isogenes play a different role in source and/or sink tissues and are differently regulated at the level of transcription. Interestingly, the genes expressed in sink tissues (SPS2, SPS6, and SPS8) are relatively similar in amino acid sequence. Furthermore, the SPS2 and SPS6 proteins appear to be structurally different from the other SPS isoforms, and lack both the 14-3-3 binding and osmotic stress regulation sites. These two SPS genes appeared to be expressed at relatively low levels compared to the source-specific gene, SPS1. Perhaps there is a correlation between the protein function that is affected by the absence of regulatory sites and the characteristics of transcriptional regulation.

	===Mutation===		===Mutation===

@@ Line 55: / Line 55: @@
 * Sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS,EC2.3.1.14)catalyzes the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate and UDP-glucose into sucrose-6-phosphate and isknown to be the major rate-limiting enzyme insucrose biosynthesis in plants.
 * plant SPS genes are clustered into four groups(groupsA,B,C, andD),based on their amino acid sequences. Rice has five SPS genes, OsSPSs, classified into four groups: OsSPS8, OsSPS1, OsSPS11, and OsSPS2 and OsSPS6 in groupsA,B,C,andD,respectively.
 ==Labs working on this gene==

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:40, 1 July 2016
Line 2:		Line 2:

	==Background==		==Background==
		+	* In many plants, sucrose is the main form of photoassimilate translocated from source tissue, like leaves, to sink tissues, such as expanding leaves or panicles, and the efficiency of sucrose translocation is a major factor affecting plant growth. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is known to be the rate-limiting enzyme in sucrose synthesis and to play a dominant role in sucrose metabolism. It catalyzes the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate and UDP-glucose into sucrose-6-phosphate, which is subsequently hydrolyzed to sucrose by sucrose phosphatase (SPP). It is also known that SPS activity is regulated at different levels. The enzyme itself is regulated via allosteric activation by glucose-6-phosphate and inhibition by inorganic phosphate. In addition, SPS is activated by light and osmotic stress through changes in the phosphorylation state of several serine residues in the protein. SPS gene transcriptionis also regulated by environmental factors such as light and cold stress. However, there are fewer reports on the transcriptional regulation than on the protein regulation.
		+	* Several studies have associated SPS activity with plant growth and productivity. For example, in maize, it has been demonstrated that SPS activity in source leaves is positively correlated with vegetative growth, forage yield, and grain yield . The introduction of maize ZmSPS into potato was shown to improve the photosynthetic rate, inhibit leaf senescence, and increase yield [7]. In rice, the QTL for plant height appears to coincide with the OsSPS1 locus. A report on ZmSPS-introduced rice plants concluded that the sucrose/starch ratio is positively correlated with SPS activity in leaf blades, although the impact of elevated SPS activity on productivity was not investigated.
		+	* In the present study, we investigated the tissue- and developmental stage-specific expression patterns of the rice SPS gene family using real-time RT-PCR techniques. The diurnal changes in SPS gene expression and activity in leaves were also examined. Based on the results presented here, predictions of the key transcriptional regulator of each SPS gene are discussed.

	==Annotated Information==		==Annotated Information==

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:28, 1 July 2016
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''''OsSPS1''''' is a gene encoding sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS) and is a menber of the sucrose phosphate synthase gene family in rice(OsSPSs).		'''''OsSPS1''''' is a gene encoding sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS) and is a menber of the sucrose phosphate synthase gene family in rice(OsSPSs).
		+
		+	==Background==

	==Annotated Information==		==Annotated Information==

@@ Line 47: / Line 47: @@
 * The promoter activities of sucrose phosphate synthase gene in rice, OsSPS1, is controlled by light and circadian clock, but not by sucrose<ref name="ref3" />. The promoter activities of OsSPS1 is low during the dark period and increased rapidly after the onset of the light period. While the promoter activity of '''''OsSPS1''''' decreased gradually during the day and remained low through out the night(Figure2A)<ref name="ref3" />.
-===Knowledge Extension===
+==Knowledge Extension==
 * Sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS,EC2.3.1.14)catalyzes the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate and UDP-glucose into sucrose-6-phosphate and isknown to be the major rate-limiting enzyme insucrose biosynthesis in plants.
 * plant SPS genes are clustered into four groups(groupsA,B,C, andD),based on their amino acid sequences. Rice has five SPS genes, OsSPSs, classified into four groups: OsSPS8, OsSPS1, OsSPS11, and OsSPS2 and OsSPS6 in groupsA,B,C,andD,respectively.

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 * An NIL of rice (O. sativa L.) was generated in the process of developing chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs). The NIL-SPS1 carries a chromosome segment containing '''''OsSPS1''''' of Kasalath on chromosome 1 in the genetic background of Koshihikari<ref name="ref5" />. <br>
-.Figure 1. shows the SPS enzyme activities in the source leaf blades of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1 at different developmental stages. The SPS activity in NIL-SPS1 was 30% and 59% higher than that in Koshihikari at the transplanting and panicle formation stages, respectively. However, at later developmental stages, the SPS activity in NIL-SPS1 leaves did not differ significantly from that of Koshihikari<ref name="ref5" />. <br>
+* Figure 1. shows the SPS enzyme activities in the source leaf blades of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1 at different developmental stages. The SPS activity in NIL-SPS1 was 30% and 59% higher than that in Koshihikari at the transplanting and panicle formation stages, respectively. However, at later developmental stages, the SPS activity in NIL-SPS1 leaves did not differ significantly from that of Koshihikari<ref name="ref5" />. <br>
-.The plant height of NIL-SPS1 tended to be higher than that of Koshihikari throughout the measurement period, particularly after heading (Figure 2A). In contrast, tiller number in NIL-SPS1 tended to be lower than that in Koshihikari, but the difference was not significant(Figure 2B)<ref name="ref5" />.<br>
+* The plant height of NIL-SPS1 tended to be higher than that of Koshihikari throughout the measurement period, particularly after heading (Figure 2A). In contrast, tiller number in NIL-SPS1 tended to be lower than that in Koshihikari, but the difference was not significant(Figure 2B)<ref name="ref5" />.<br>
 [[File:SPS1-M2.png|center|thumb|500px|'''Figure 2.''' ''Growth analysis of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1. (A) Plant height of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1. (B) Tiller number of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1<ref name="ref5" />.'']]
-.To clarify the yield characteristics of NIL-SPS1 in comparison with Koshihikari, data on the yield and yield components obtained in 2009, 2010, and 2012 were combined and analyzed statistically (Table 1)<ref name="ref5" />.<br>
+* To clarify the yield characteristics of NIL-SPS1 in comparison with Koshihikari, data on the yield and yield components obtained in 2009, 2010, and 2012 were combined and analyzed statistically (Table 1)<ref name="ref5" />.<br>
 [[File:SPS1-M3.png|center|thumb|600px|'''Table 1.''' ''Yield and yield components of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1<ref name="ref5" />.'']]
-.Since NIL-SPS1 exhibited a higher spikelet number per panicle in comparison with Koshihikari, we further compared the panicle architecture of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1. Panicles were separated into primary and secondary rachis branches, and the number of each rachis branch, percentage of ripened grain, and single-grain weight were measured (Table 2)<ref name="ref5" />.<br>
+* Since NIL-SPS1 exhibited a higher spikelet number per panicle in comparison with Koshihikari, we further compared the panicle architecture of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1. Panicles were separated into primary and secondary rachis branches, and the number of each rachis branch, percentage of ripened grain, and single-grain weight were measured (Table 2)<ref name="ref5" />.<br>
 [[File:SPS1-M4.png|center|thumb|600px|'''Table 2.''' ''Panicle architecture of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1<ref name="ref5" />.'']]
-.To investigate the ripening pattern of spikelets within a panicle, all spikelets were classified into 4 groups based on their positions and relative densities, and the weight of each spikelet was measured. Figure 3. shows the frequency of distribution of the spikelet weight in each of the 4 groups. On the primary rachis branch, the frequency of unripened grain in NIL-SPS1 was not different from that in Koshihikari. However, on the secondary rachis branch, the
+* To investigate the ripening pattern of spikelets within a panicle, all spikelets were classified into 4 groups based on their positions and relative densities, and the weight of each spikelet was measured. Figure 3. shows the frequency of distribution of the spikelet weight in each of the 4 groups. On the primary rachis branch, the frequency of unripened grain in NIL-SPS1 was not different from that in Koshihikari. However, on the secondary rachis branch, the
 frequency of unripened grain at 50–80% in NIL-SPS1 was much higher than that in Koshihikari<ref name="ref5" />.<br>
 [[File:SPS1-M5.png|center|thumb|600px|'''Figure 3.''' ''Distribution of spikelet weight of the Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1<ref name="ref5" />.'']]
-.Figure 4. shows the changes in the dry weight of the aboveground parts of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1 from the heading stage to maturity stage<ref name="ref5" />.<br>
+* Figure 4. shows the changes in the dry weight of the aboveground parts of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1 from the heading stage to maturity stage<ref name="ref5" />.<br>
 [[File:SPS1-M6.png|center|thumb|600px|'''Figure 4.''' ''Aboveground biomass accumulation of Koshihikari and NIL-SPS1 after heading<ref name="ref5" />.'']]
@@ Line 40: / Line 40: @@
 [[File:SPS1-M8.png|center|thumb|300px|'''Figure 6.''' ''Effect of β-estradiol on transcript levels of OsSPS1 (A) and the molar ratio of sucrose to starch (B) in the leaf blades of the inducible RNAi transgenic plants<ref name="ref7" />.'']]
 ===Expression Pattern===

@@ Line 94: / Line 94: @@
 </references>
+==Structured Information==
       [[Category:Genes]][[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]][[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]