Os03g0237250 - Revision history

Rice2012: /* Structured Information */

2015-06-12T05:38:22Z

‎Structured Information

Gaojin: /* Knowledge Extension */

2014-06-02T18:26:12Z

‎Knowledge Extension

Gaojin: /* Structured Information */

2014-06-02T18:25:02Z

‎Structured Information

Gaojin: /* References */

2014-06-02T18:24:16Z

‎References

Gaojin: /* References */

2014-06-02T18:23:47Z

‎References

Gaojin: /* Knowledge Extension */

2014-06-02T18:23:21Z

‎Knowledge Extension

Gaojin: /* Evolution */

2014-06-02T18:08:58Z

‎Evolution

Gaojin: /* Expression */

2014-05-28T08:34:05Z

‎Expression

Gaojin: /* Mutation */

2014-05-28T08:20:00Z

‎Mutation

Gaojin: /* Structured Information */

2014-05-28T08:17:59Z

‎Structured Information

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 ==Structured Information==
 [[Category:Genes]]
 [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]

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 == Knowledge Extension ==
 In recent years, some genes that affect rice grain yield have been identified, shedding light on some of the molecular mechanisms underlying ideal plant architecture <ref name="Ashikari et al., 2005" /><ref name="Song et al., 2007" /><ref name="Xue et al., 2008" /><ref name="Huang et al., 2009" /><ref name="Jiao et al., 2010" /><ref name="Miura et al., 2010" />. Gravity is an important regulator of plant architecture. In grasses, because of the short-lived coleoptiles, the leaf sheath pulvini and lamina joints are the major gravity-responding organs, which control the growth orientations of seedlings, tillers, and leaf blades <ref name="Maeda, 1965" /><ref name="Kaufman et al., 1987" /><ref name="Abe et al.,1994a" />. In the study, LPA1 showed a specific expression pattern, and the high expression level in the leaf sheath pulvinus and lamina joint suggests that LPA1 mainly functions in the gravitropism of these tissues,corresponding to its limited effect on coleoptile gravitropism. This analysis demonstrated that LPA1 affects rice plant architecture by regulating shoot gravitropism in later developmental stages.
-There are several genes that control tiller angle in rice. LAZY1 and PROG1 lead to the prostrate growth of tillers, but the major QTL,TAC1, only slightly enlarges the tiller angle in indica rice. Because of their larger effects,LAZY1 and PROG1 are not very suitable for rice breeding, while TAC1 has been extensively utilized in rice plant architecture breeding owing to its smaller effect on tiller angle <ref name="Yu et al., 2007" />. In the study,LPA1showed an inclined tiller angle of 17.3°, similar to TAC1<ref name="Yu et al., 2007" />. Although the equivalent effect made too many difficulties in map-based cloning of LPA1, it revealed the potential utilization of LPA1 in rice plant architecture breeding. Moreover, the transgenic results further demonstrated that rice plant architecture was correlated with the endogenous expression level of LPA1.Therefore, LPA1 is a useful gene for plant architecture modification in rice breeding.
+There are several genes that control tiller angle in rice. LAZY1 and PROG1 lead to the prostrate growth of tillers, but the major QTL,TAC1, only slightly enlarges the tiller angle in indica rice. Because of their larger effects,LAZY1 and PROG1 are not very suitable for rice breeding, while TAC1 has been extensively utilized in rice plant architecture breeding owing to its smaller effect on tiller angle <ref name="Yu et al., 2007" />. In the study,LPA1showed an inclined tiller angle of 17.3°, similar to TAC1<ref name="Yu et al., 2007" />. Although the equivalent effect made too many difficulties in map-based cloning of LPA1, it revealed the potential utilization of LPA1 in rice plant architecture breeding. Moreover, the transgenic results further demonstrated that rice plant architecture was correlated with the endogenous expression level of LPA1.Therefore, LPA1 is a useful gene for plant architecture modification in rice breeding.<ref name="ref1" />
 ==Labs working on this gene==

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 In recent years, some genes that affect rice grain yield have been identified, shedding light on some of the molecular mechanisms underlying ideal plant architecture <ref name="Ashikari et al., 2005" /><ref name="Song et al., 2007" /><ref name="Xue et al., 2008" /><ref name="Huang et al., 2009" /><ref name="Jiao et al., 2010" /><ref name="Miura et al., 2010" />. Gravity is an important regulator of plant architecture. In grasses, because of the short-lived coleoptiles, the leaf sheath pulvini and lamina joints are the major gravity-responding organs, which control the growth orientations of seedlings, tillers, and leaf blades <ref name="Maeda, 1965" /><ref name="Kaufman et al., 1987" /><ref name="Abe et al.,1994a" />. In the study, LPA1 showed a specific expression pattern, and the high expression level in the leaf sheath pulvinus and lamina joint suggests that LPA1 mainly functions in the gravitropism of these tissues,corresponding to its limited effect on coleoptile gravitropism. This analysis demonstrated that LPA1 affects rice plant architecture by regulating shoot gravitropism in later developmental stages.
 There are several genes that control tiller angle in rice. LAZY1 and PROG1 lead to the prostrate growth of tillers, but the major QTL,TAC1, only slightly enlarges the tiller angle in indica rice. Because of their larger effects,LAZY1 and PROG1 are not very suitable for rice breeding, while TAC1 has been extensively utilized in rice plant architecture breeding owing to its smaller effect on tiller angle <ref name="Yu et al., 2007" />. In the study,LPA1showed an inclined tiller angle of 17.3°, similar to TAC1<ref name="Yu et al., 2007" />. Although the equivalent effect made too many difficulties in map-based cloning of LPA1, it revealed the potential utilization of LPA1 in rice plant architecture breeding. Moreover, the transgenic results further demonstrated that rice plant architecture was correlated with the endogenous expression level of LPA1.Therefore, LPA1 is a useful gene for plant architecture modification in rice breeding.
 ==Labs working on this gene==

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 <ref name="ref3">ColasantiJ,TremblayR,WongAYM,ConevaV,KozakiA,MableBK(2006) The maize INDETERMINATEIflowering time regulator defines a highly conserved zincfinger protein family in higher plants. BMC Genomics7:158</ref>
 <ref name="ref4">Yu B, Lin Z, Li H, Li X, Li J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhu Z, Zhai W, Wang X, et al(2007) TAC1, a major quantitative trait locus controlling tiller angle in rice. Plant J 52:891–898</ref>
 <ref name="Abe et al.,1994a">Abe K, Takahashi H, Suge H(1994a) Graviresponding sites in shoots of normal and‘lazy’ rice seedlings. Physiol Plant92:371–374</ref>
 <ref name="Ashikari et al., 2005">Ashikari M, Sakakibara H, Lin SY,Yamamoto T, Takashi T, Nishimura A, Angeles ER, Qian Q, Kitano H, Matsuoka M(2005) Cytokinin oxidase regulates rice grain production. Science309:741–745</ref>
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 <ref name="Xue et al., 2008">Xue W,Xing Y,Weng X,Zhao Y,Tang W,Wang L,Zhou H,Yu S,Xu C,Li X, et al(2008) Natural variation in Ghd7 is an important regulator of heading date and yield potential in rice. Nat Genet40:761–767</ref>
 <ref name="Yu et al., 2007">Yu B, Lin Z, Li H, Li X, Li J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhu Z, Zhai W, Wang X,et al(2007) TAC1, a major quantitative trait locus controlling tiller angle in rice. Plant J 52:891–898</ref>
 ==Structured Information==

@@ Line 79: / Line 79: @@
 <ref name="ref3">ColasantiJ,TremblayR,WongAYM,ConevaV,KozakiA,MableBK(2006) The maize INDETERMINATEIflowering time regulator defines a highly conserved zincfinger protein family in higher plants. BMC Genomics7:158</ref>
 <ref name="ref4">Yu B, Lin Z, Li H, Li X, Li J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhu Z, Zhai W, Wang X, et al(2007) TAC1, a major quantitative trait locus controlling tiller angle in rice. Plant J 52:891–898</ref>
 ==Structured Information==

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 ===Evolution===
-There are several genes that control tiller angle in rice.LAZY1 and PROG1lead to the prostrate growth of tillers, but the major QTL,TAC1, only slightly enlarges the tiller angle in indica rice. Because of their larger effects,LAZY1andPROG1are not very suitable for rice breeding, while TAC1has been extensively utilized in rice plant architecture breeding owing to its smaller effect on tiller angle <ref name="ref4" />.LPA1 showed an inclined tiller angle of 17.3°,similar to TAC1<ref name="ref4" />. Although the equivalent effect made too many difficulties in map-based cloning of LPA1, it revealed the potential utilization of LPA1in rice plant architecture breeding. Moreover, the transgenic results further demonstrated that rice plant architecture was correlated with the endogenous expression level of LPA1.Therefore,LPA1 is a useful gene for plant architecture modification in rice breeding.
+There are several genes that control tiller angle in rice. LAZY1 and PROG1lead to the prostrate growth of tillers, but the major QTL,TAC1, only slightly enlarges the tiller angle in indica rice. Because of their larger effects,LAZY1andPROG1are not very suitable for rice breeding, while TAC1has been extensively utilized in rice plant architecture breeding owing to its smaller effect on tiller angle <ref name="ref4" />.LPA1 showed an inclined tiller angle of 17.3°,similar to TAC1<ref name="ref4" />. Although the equivalent effect made too many difficulties in map-based cloning of LPA1, it revealed the potential utilization of LPA1in rice plant architecture breeding. Moreover, the transgenic results further demonstrated that rice plant architecture was correlated with the endogenous expression level of LPA1.Therefore,LPA1 is a useful gene for plant architecture modification in rice breeding.
-You can also add sub-section(s) at will.
 ==Structured Information==

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 ===Expression===
-[[File:F 3.jpg|right|thumb|400px|''Functional verification of ''LPA1''  (from reference  <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
+[[File:F 3.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Functional verification of ''LPA1''  (from reference  <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
-[[File:F 4.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Expression pattern of ''LPA1''  (from reference  <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
+[[File:F 4.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Expression pattern of ''LPA1''  (from reference  <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
 To investigate the effects of LOC_Os03g13400, an RNA interference (RNAi) vector and an overexpression (OE) vector driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter were constructed and transformed into Yandao8 (a wild-type japonicavariety with compact plant architecture). Most RNAi and OE transgenic plants showed loose and compact plant architectures with differing degrees, respectively, compared with Yandao8 (Fig. 3A), from which one typical RNAi plant and one typical OE plant were selected for detailed analysis.
 Following two generations of self-pollination, the RNAi and OE transgenic plants showed stable phenotypes. Detailed observation showed that both tiller angle and leaf angle increased in the RNAi plant but decreased in the OE plant (Fig. 3, B and C). Real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression level of LOC_Os03g13400 was down-regulated nearly 4-fold in the RNAi plant but up-regulated more than 20-fold in the OE plant (Fig. 3, D and E). Furthermore, the gravity response was also reduced in the RNAi seedlings (Fig. 3F). These results strongly confirmed that LOC_Os03g13400 is LPA1 and also showed that the transcription level of LPA1 is closely associated with rice plant architecture.

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 === Mutation ===
-[[File:F 1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Morphological comparison between the wild type and ''lpa1''  (from reference  <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
+[[File:F 1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Morphological comparison between the wild type and ''lpa1''  (from reference  <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
-[[File:F 2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Gravitropism analysis of the wild type and ''lpa1''  (from reference  <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
+[[File:F 2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Gravitropism analysis of the wild type and ''lpa1''  (from reference  <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
 Thelpa1 mutant was a naturally occurring mutant isolated from anindicavariety, Zhongxian3037. During both the vegetative and reproductive stages,''lpa1'' always exhibited loose plant architecture with larger tiller angle and leaf angle than those of the wild type (Fig.1, A and B).The tiller angle at heading date and found that the maximum angle was 17.3° inlpa1 but only 9.8° in the wild type (Fig. 1C). Careful observation showed that the large tiller angle of ''lpa1'' was caused by the more symmetrical growth of the tiller node compared with the wild type (Fig. 1D).The leaf angles: each angle was larger in ''lpa1'' than in the wild type, and this difference was more obvious in older leaves, where the maximum angle of the fourth leaf could reach up to 61.2° in ''lpa1'' but only 27.4° in the wild type (Fig. 1E). This difference was further confirmed by the dynamic change observed in the newly developing leaf (Fig. 1F). Detailed examination revealed that the large leaf angle of ''lpa1'' was caused by a more rapid elongation on the adaxial side of the lamina joint (Fig. 1, G and H).

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 [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 3]]
 [[Category:Chromosome 3]]
 ==Labs working on this gene==