Os06g0610300 - Revision history

Rice2012: /* Structured Information */

2015-06-12T08:19:05Z

‎Structured Information

Yonglejiang: /* Knowledge Extension */

2014-05-11T11:43:32Z

‎Knowledge Extension

Yonglejiang: /* Evolution */

2014-05-11T11:32:24Z

‎Evolution

Yonglejiang: /* Function */

2014-05-11T11:30:53Z

‎Function

Yonglejiang: /* Evolution */

2014-05-11T11:30:27Z

‎Evolution

Yonglejiang: /* Evolution */

2014-05-11T11:27:42Z

‎Evolution

Yonglejiang: /* Mutation */

2014-05-11T11:20:45Z

‎Mutation

Yonglejiang: /* Mutation */

2014-05-11T11:19:43Z

‎Mutation

Yonglejiang: /* Function */

2014-05-11T11:14:58Z

‎Function

Yonglejiang: /* Function */

2014-05-11T11:11:22Z

‎Function

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 ==Structured Information==
 [[Category:Genes]]
 [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]

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 ===Knowledge Extension===
-'''''TEOSINTE BRANCHED1''''' ('''''TB1''''') encodes a putative transcription factor of the TCP protein family, and impairment of '''''TB1''''' leading to enhance lateral branching in maize suggests its negative regulatory role in controlling the axillary bud outgrowth<ref name="ref10" /><ref name="ref11" />. The rice ortholog '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FINE CULM1''''' ('''''FC1''''') shows similar characteristics and therefore also negatively regulates rice tillering <ref name="ref12" />. Consistent with the function of '''''TB1''''' in maize, overexpression of '''''OsTB1''''' reduces rice tillers severely while its loss-of-function mutation in the classical mutant fine culm (fcn1) promotes the outgrowth of rice tillers[7]. The results reveal that the pivotal role of '''''OsTB1''''' is to control the outgrowth of rice tiller buds rather than the initiation of tiller buds<ref name="ref12" />. D10 also functions as a negative regulator and works independently of '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FC1''''' in rice<ref name="ref13" />.
+'''''TEOSINTE BRANCHED1''''' ('''''TB1''''') encodes a putative transcription factor of the TCP protein family, and impairment of '''''TB1''''' leading to enhance lateral branching in maize suggests its negative regulatory role in controlling the axillary bud outgrowth<ref name="ref10" /><ref name="ref11" />. The rice ortholog '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FINE CULM1''''' ('''''FC1''''') shows similar characteristics and therefore also negatively regulates rice tillering <ref name="ref12" />. Consistent with the function of '''''TB1''''' in maize, overexpression of '''''OsTB1''''' reduces rice tillers severely while its loss-of-function mutation in the classical mutant fine culm (fcn1) promotes the outgrowth of rice tillers<ref name="ref7" />. The results reveal that the pivotal role of '''''OsTB1''''' is to control the outgrowth of rice tiller buds rather than the initiation of tiller buds<ref name="ref12" />. D10 also functions as a negative regulator and works independently of '''''OsTB1'''''/'''''FC1''''' in rice<ref name="ref13" />.
 ==Labs working on this gene==

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 ===Evolution===
 '''''MONOCULM1'''''('''''MOC1''''') genomic regions were sequenced and compared across 14 Oryza genomes by Lu et al, and the result of genomic alignment of the '''''MOC1''''' region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes can be seen from Fig.3<ref name="ref2" />.
-[[File:Evolution fig3.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Fig. 3. Genomic alignment of the MOC1 region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes. The species are ordered by genome type. Horizontal light blue bars represent genomic sequence in the MOC1 region. Gene models are shown in black rectangles. Transposons (at least 1 kb) are shown in red and pink for retrotransposons and DNA transposons, respectively. Lines/curves connect orthologous genes with each other and orthologous transposons with each other(from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
+[[File:Evolution fig3.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Fig. 3. Genomic alignment of the MOC1 region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes. The species are ordered by genome type. Horizontal light blue bars represent genomic sequence in the MOC1 region. Gene models are shown in black rectangles. Transposons (at least 1 kb) are shown in red and pink for retrotransposons and DNA transposons, respectively. Lines/curves connect orthologous genes with each other and orthologous transposons with each other(from reference<ref name="ref2" />)'']]
 <br>
 Sequencing and annotation of the '''''MOC1''''' region of the 14 Oryza species, including 10 diploids and 4 allotetraploids, revealed highly conserved gene colinearity and structure in the '''''MOC1''''' region<ref name="ref2" />. Large and apparently noncoding sequences flanking the '''''MOC1''''' gene were observed to be under strong purifying selection<ref name="ref2" />. '''''MOC1''''' is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor ('''''Ls''''') gene. Rice '''''MONOCULM1''''' ('''''MOC1''''') and Arabidopsis '''''LATERAL SUPPRESSOR''''' ('''''LAS''''') are orthologs, which play important roles in axillary meristems initiation in rice and Arabidopsis<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref9" />.

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 ===Function===
 The '''''MOC1''''' gene plays an important role in the control of rice tillering, encoding a putative '''''GRAS''''' family nuclear protein that is expressed mainly in the axillary buds and functions to initiate axillary buds and to promote their outgrowth<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" />.  In the case of the rice plant, more tillering equates to more grain-bearing branches, hence a higher grain yield. We can see the tillering phenomena from figure 1. Besides, as an member of the plant-specific GRAS family proteins that function in diverse aspects of plant development, including signal transduction, meristem maintenance and development<ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />, and as transcription factors <ref name="ref5" />,''''' MOC1''''' might also function as a transcription factor<ref name="ref1" />. '''''MOC1'''''  is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor (Ls) gene<ref name="ref1" />.  '''''Ls'''''  loss-of-function mutations cause a branchless phenotype owing to a failure in axillary meristem initiation<ref name="ref6" />. These results suggest that both '''''Ls''''' and '''''MOC1''''' function as positive regulators of lateral branching.
-[[File:Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant.jpg|right|thumb|150px|“Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant. ”(from reference <ref name="ref7" />).'']]
+[[File:Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Figure 1. Development of primary tillers at the shoot apex of the main stem in a rice plant.(from reference <ref name="ref7" />).'']]
 ===Mutation===

@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 ===Evolution===
 '''''MONOCULM1'''''('''''MOC1''''') genomic regions were sequenced and compared across 14 Oryza genomes by Lu et al, and the result of genomic alignment of the '''''MOC1''''' region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes can be seen from Fig.3<ref name="ref2" />.
-[[File:Evolution fig3.jpg|right|thumb|150px|"Genomic alignment of the MOC1 region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes. The species are ordered by genome type. Horizontal light blue bars represent genomic sequence in the MOC1 region. Gene models are shown in black rectangles. Transposons (at least 1 kb) are shown in red and pink for retrotransposons and DNA transposons, respectively. Lines/curves connect orthologous genes with each other and orthologous transposons with each other" (from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
+[[File:Evolution fig3.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Fig. 3. Genomic alignment of the MOC1 region in 18 Oryza genomes or subgenomes. The species are ordered by genome type. Horizontal light blue bars represent genomic sequence in the MOC1 region. Gene models are shown in black rectangles. Transposons (at least 1 kb) are shown in red and pink for retrotransposons and DNA transposons, respectively. Lines/curves connect orthologous genes with each other and orthologous transposons with each other(from reference <ref name="ref2" />).'']]
 <br>
 Sequencing and annotation of the '''''MOC1''''' region of the 14 Oryza species, including 10 diploids and 4 allotetraploids, revealed highly conserved gene colinearity and structure in the '''''MOC1''''' region<ref name="ref2" />. Large and apparently noncoding sequences flanking the '''''MOC1''''' gene were observed to be under strong purifying selection<ref name="ref2" />. '''''MOC1''''' is highly homologous with the tomato Lateral suppressor ('''''Ls''''') gene. Rice '''''MONOCULM1''''' ('''''MOC1''''') and Arabidopsis '''''LATERAL SUPPRESSOR''''' ('''''LAS''''') are orthologs, which play important roles in axillary meristems initiation in rice and Arabidopsis<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref9" />.

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 To identify genes involved in the control of rice tillering, Li et al. have screened for mutants with altered tiller numbers from collections derived from spontaneous mutations or g-ray radiation and ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis, and they found that '''''moc1''''' plants nearly completely lose their tillering ability after a spontaneous '''''moc1''''' mutant, producing only one main culm, in contrast to the multiple tillers in wild-type plants<ref name="ref1" />. They amplified the corresponding ORF from '''''moc1''''' and wild-type plants with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced it. DNA sequence comparison revealed a 1.9-kb retrotransposon inserted in this ORF in the '''''moc1''''' mutant. Confirmation of the retrotransposon-interrupted ORF as '''''MOC1''''' was achieved by functional complementation<ref name="ref1" />. Genetic analysis with reciprocal crosses between moc1 and wild-type plants revealed that '''''moc1''''' possesses a recessive mutation in a single nuclear locus<ref name="ref1" />.
 We can see the effects of '''''moc1''''' mutant on rice tillering from the following picture 2.
-[[File:Moc1 mutant.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Figure 2． Phenotype and complementation of the moc1 mutant. a–f, Comparison of
+[[File:Moc1 mutant.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Figure 2． Phenotype and complementation of the moc1 mutant.(from reference <ref name="ref1" />).'']]
 ===Expression===