Os07g0232900 - Revision history

Xysj2012: /* Structured Information */

2015-06-12T08:37:48Z

‎Structured Information

HamletShaoE: /* Function */ adding GO links

2014-05-25T13:30:22Z

‎Function: adding GO links

Rice2012: /* Evolution */

2013-08-07T02:57:35Z

‎Evolution

Rice2012: /* Localization */

2013-08-07T02:57:17Z

‎Localization

Rice2012: /* Wild Type & Mutations */

2013-08-07T02:57:05Z

‎Wild Type & Mutations

Xysj2012: /* Expression Pattern */

2013-08-07T02:56:27Z

‎Expression Pattern

Xysj2012: /* Wild Type & Mutations */

2013-08-07T02:56:03Z

‎Wild Type & Mutations

Xysj2012: /* Wild Type & Mutations */

2013-08-07T02:55:43Z

‎Wild Type & Mutations

Xysj2012: /* Wild Type & Mutations */

2013-08-07T02:54:33Z

‎Wild Type & Mutations

Xysj2012: /* Wild Type & Mutations */

2013-08-07T02:54:17Z

‎Wild Type & Mutations

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 ==Structured Information==
 [[Category:Genes]]
 [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]

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 * In contrast, the allelic gene ''OsHMA3mc'' from the high Cd-accumulating cultivar lost the function to act as a firewall of Cd because of a single amino acid mutation<ref name = "ref4" />.The study of this gene will be of great value for phytoremediation of Cd-polluted paddy Welds<ref name = "ref1" />.
-'''GO assignment(s):''' GO:0003824, GO:0006812, GO:0008152, GO:0016020, GO:0016021, GO:0030001, GO:0046872, GO:0046873
+'''GO assignment(s):''' [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0003824 GO:0003824], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006812 GO:0006812], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008152 GO:0008152], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016020 GO:0016020], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016021 GO:0016021], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030001 GO:0030001], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046872 GO:0046872], [http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046873 GO:0046873]
 ===Wild Type & Mutations===

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 ===Evolution===
-Phylogenetic analysis by ''Daisei Uenoa et al.'' shows that the amino acid sequence similarity of '''''OsHMA3''''' to '''''HMA3''''' proteins from other plants is very low, with 39.4% identity to the closest homolog in Arabidopsis ('''''AtHMA3''''' from ecotype Wassilewskija) and '''''AhHMA3''''' from Arabidopsis halleri, a Zn-hyperaccumulating plant(Fig 3)<ref name = "ref4"/> .
+Phylogenetic analysis by ''Daisei Uenoa et al.'' shows that the amino acid sequence similarity of ''OsHMA3'' to ''HMA3'' proteins from other plants is very low, with 39.4% identity to the closest homolog in Arabidopsis (''AtHMA3'' from ecotype Wassilewskija) and ''AhHMA3'' from Arabidopsis halleri, a Zn-hyperaccumulating plant(Fig 3)<ref name = "ref4"/> .
 ===Knowledge Extension===
 * Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal for all organisms. In humans, Cd exposure has been associated with cancers of the prostate, lungs, and testes, kidney tubule damages, rhinitis, emphysema, osteomalacia, and bone fractures (1, 2). Cd also inhibits plant growth and development by binding to free sulfhydryl residues and interfering with homeostasis of essential elements, such as zinc, calcium, and iron, or causing their displacement from proteins<ref name = "ref4"/><ref name = "ref5"/>.<br><br>

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 ===Localization===
-Cellular and Subcellular Localization analysis by ''Hidenori Miyadate et al.'' and ''Daisei Ueno et al.'' showed that '''''OsHMA3''''' is localized at the vacuolar membrane of all root cells in rice<ref name = "ref2" /><ref name = "ref4" />.
+Cellular and Subcellular Localization analysis by ''Hidenori Miyadate et al.'' and ''Daisei Ueno et al.'' showed that ''OsHMA3'' is localized at the vacuolar membrane of all root cells in rice<ref name = "ref2" /><ref name = "ref4" />.
 ===Evolution===

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 '''Cd Accumulation Rates in different Rice plants, counted by ''Daisei Uenoa et al.'' '''
 * Analysis with three independent transgenic lines showed that introduction of ''OsHMA3'' from Nipponbare into Anjana Dhan resulted in decreased Cd accumulation in the shoots (P < 0.01) (Fig 1C), but increased Cd accumulation in the roots (P<0.01) (Fig 1D)<ref name = "ref4" />.
-* Furthermore, when ''OsHMA3'' expression was knocked down in Nipponbare by RNAi, the concentration of Cd in the shoot was increased by 2.1- to 2.5-times in the RNAi lines compared with the empty-vector control plants (P < 0.05) (Fig. 1E) and the root Cd concentration was decreased by 74 to 60% in the RNAi line (P < 0.05) (Fig 1F)<ref name = "ref4" />.<br><br>
+* Furthermore, when ''OsHMA3'' expression was knocked down in Nipponbare by RNAi, the concentration of Cd in the shoot was increased by 2.1- to 2.5-times in the RNAi lines compared with the empty-vector control plants (P < 0.05) (Fig. 1E) and the root Cd concentration was decreased by 74 to 60% in the RNAi line (P < 0.05) (Fig 1F)<ref name = "ref4" />.<br>
 '''Complementary Test of ''OsHMA3'' in'' S. cerevisiae(Yeast)'' by ''Hidenori Miyadate et al.'' '''
 * The wild-type yeast strain ('''''BY4743''''') can grow, with only slight inhibition, in media containing up to 60 μM of CdCl2. The mutant strain ('''''YDR135c'''''), which lacks Cd transport to the vacuole, shows severe growth inhibition above 30 μM CdCl2(Fig 2)<ref name = "ref2" />.

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 ===Expression Pattern===
-* RT-PCR analysis by ''Hidenori Miyadate et al.'' showed that the expression level of '''''OsHMA3''''' was higher in the roots than in the leaves of Akita 63 and Cho-Ko-Koku seedlings grown in hydroponic culture containing 5 μg/L of CdCl2 for 14 d<ref name= "ref2" />.<br><br>
+* RT-PCR analysis by ''Hidenori Miyadate et al.'' showed that the expression level of ''OsHMA3'' was higher in the roots than in the leaves of Akita 63 and Cho-Ko-Koku seedlings grown in hydroponic culture containing 5 μg/L of CdCl2 for 14 d<ref name= "ref2" />.<br><br>
-* RT-PCR analysis by ''Daisei Uenoa et al.'' showed that '''''OsHMA3''''' is mainly expressed in the roots at a similar level in Nipponbare and Anjana Dhan contrasting in Cd accumulation. Their Spatial analysis shows that there is no difference in the expression of '''''OsHMA3''''' among different root segments: 0 to 1 cm, 1 to 2 cm, and 2 to 3 cm from the apex of both cultivars.<ref name = "ref4" />.
+* RT-PCR analysis by ''Daisei Uenoa et al.'' showed that ''OsHMA3'' is mainly expressed in the roots at a similar level in Nipponbare and Anjana Dhan contrasting in Cd accumulation. Their Spatial analysis shows that there is no difference in the expression of ''OsHMA3'' among different root segments: 0 to 1 cm, 1 to 2 cm, and 2 to 3 cm from the apex of both cultivars.<ref name = "ref4" />.
 ===Localization===