Os09g0240200 - Revision history

Rice2012: /* Structured Information */

2015-06-12T09:37:57Z

‎Structured Information

Wurui: /* Expression */

2014-05-21T09:19:00Z

‎Expression

Wurui: /* References */

2014-05-21T09:17:20Z

‎References

Wurui: /* References */

2014-05-21T09:09:45Z

‎References

Wurui: /* References */

2014-05-21T09:08:10Z

‎References

Wurui: /* Knowledge Extension */

2014-05-21T09:06:33Z

‎Knowledge Extension

Wurui: /* Evolution */

2014-05-21T09:06:18Z

‎Evolution

Wurui: /* Function */

2014-05-21T09:05:12Z

‎Function

Wurui: /* References */

2014-05-21T09:03:36Z

‎References

Wurui: /* References */

2014-05-21T09:02:28Z

‎References

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 ==Structured Information==
 [[Category:Genes]]
 [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]

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 ''CONSTANS (CO'') encodes a zinc finger protein and promotes flowering under LD conditions.Overexpression of ''CO'' was sufficient to promote early flowering independent of photoperiod.''FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)'', which encodes a protein similar to phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein, also promotes flowering under LD conditions,and is a direct target of ''CO''.the regulation of transcription by the circadian clock and, possibly, of protein stability by light conditions result in differential ''CO'' activity, which in turn results in different levels of ''FT'' mRNA under SD and LD conditions. Thus, ''CO'' acts between the circadian clock and promotion of flowering by ''FT''.
-The rice orthologues of the two key regulators of flowering time,''CO'' and ''FT'',were recently shown to be important inthe photoperiodic control of flowering in rice.The rice ''Hd1(Se1)''gene, which is an orthologue of the ''Arabidopsis CO'' gene, was required for the suppression of flowering under LD conditions and for the promotion of flowering under SD conditions.Furthermore,the rice ''Hd3a'' gene, an orthologue of the Arabidopsis FT gene, was shown to be an activator of flowering in rice.''CO'' controls the flowering time by integrating signals from the circadian clock and light to regulate ''FT'' expression.
+The rice orthologues of the two key regulators of flowering time,''CO'' and ''FT'',were recently shown to be important inthe photoperiodic control of flowering in rice.The rice ''Hd1(Se1)''gene, which is an orthologue of the ''Arabidopsis CO'' gene, was required for the suppression of flowering under LD conditions and for the promotion of flowering under SD conditions.Furthermore,the rice ''Hd3a'' gene, an orthologue of the Arabidopsis FT gene, was shown to be an activator of flowering in rice.''CO'' controls the flowering time by integrating signals from the circadian clock and light to regulate ''FT'' expression<ref name="ref3" />.
 [[File:Fig4.jpg]]

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 ==References==
 <references>
-<ref name="ref1">Masahiro Yano,Yuichi Katayose,Motoyuki Ashikari(2000). "''Hd1'',a Major Photoperiod Sensitivity Quantitative Trait Locus in Rice, Is Closely Related to the Arabidopsis Flowering Time Gene ''CONSTANS''"The Plant Cell.12:2473-2483.</ref>
+<ref name="ref1">Masahiro Yano,Yuichi Katayose,Motoyuki Ashikari(2000). "''Hd1'',a Major Photoperiod Sensitivity Quantitative Trait Locus in Rice, Is Closely Related to the Arabidopsis Flowering Time Gene ''CONSTANS''"The Plant Cell 12:2473-2483.</ref>
-<ref name="ref2">Jo Putterill, Rebecca Laurie,and Richard Macknight(2003). "It’s time to flower:the genetic control of flowering time." BioEssays.26:363-373.</ref>
+<ref name="ref2">Jo Putterill, Rebecca Laurie,and Richard Macknight(2003). "It’s time to flower:the genetic control of flowering time." BioEssays 26:363-373.</ref>
 <ref name="ref3">Soon-Kap Kim · Choong-Hyo Yun · Jeong Hwan Lee ·Yun Hee Jang · Hyo-Young Park · Jeong-Kook Kim(2008). "''OsCO3'', a ''CONSTANS-LIKE'' gene, controls Xoweringby negatively regulating the expression of FT-like genes under SD conditions in rice." Planta 228:355-365.</ref>
 </references>

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 ==References==
 <references>
-<ref name="ref1">Masahiro Yano,Yuichi Katayose,Motoyuki Ashikari(2000). "''Hd1'',a Major Photoperiod Sensitivity Quantitative Trait Locus in Rice, Is Closely Related to the Arabidopsis Flowering Time Gene ''CONSTANS''"The Plant Cell.12:2473-2483.</ref></references>
+<ref name="ref1">Masahiro Yano,Yuichi Katayose,Motoyuki Ashikari(2000). "''Hd1'',a Major Photoperiod Sensitivity Quantitative Trait Locus in Rice, Is Closely Related to the Arabidopsis Flowering Time Gene ''CONSTANS''"The Plant Cell.12:2473-2483.</ref>
 <ref name="ref2">Jo Putterill, Rebecca Laurie,and Richard Macknight(2003). "It’s time to flower:the genetic control of flowering time." BioEssays.26:363-373.</ref>
 <ref name="ref3">Soon-Kap Kim · Choong-Hyo Yun · Jeong Hwan Lee ·Yun Hee Jang · Hyo-Young Park · Jeong-Kook Kim(2008). "''OsCO3'', a ''CONSTANS-LIKE'' gene, controls Xoweringby negatively regulating the expression of FT-like genes under SD conditions in rice." Planta 228:355-365.</ref>

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 <references>
 <ref name="ref1">Masahiro Yano,Yuichi Katayose,Motoyuki Ashikari(2000). "''Hd1'',a Major Photoperiod Sensitivity Quantitative Trait Locus in Rice, Is Closely Related to the Arabidopsis Flowering Time Gene ''CONSTANS''"The Plant Cell.12:2473-2483.</ref></references>
-<ref name="ref2">Jo Putterill, Rebecca Laurie,and Richard Macknight. (2003). "It’s time to flower:the genetic control of flowering time." BioEssays.26: 363-373.</ref>
+<ref name="ref2">Jo Putterill, Rebecca Laurie,and Richard Macknight(2003). "It’s time to flower:the genetic control of flowering time." BioEssays.26:363-373.</ref>
 <ref name="ref3">Soon-Kap Kim · Choong-Hyo Yun · Jeong Hwan Lee ·Yun Hee Jang · Hyo-Young Park · Jeong-Kook Kim(2008). "''OsCO3'', a ''CONSTANS-LIKE'' gene, controls Xoweringby negatively regulating the expression of FT-like genes under SD conditions in rice." Planta 228:355-365.</ref>
 </references>

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 ===Knowledge Extension===
-Apart from its fundamental role in plant development, the  trait of flowering time is of great importance to plant breeders  and commercial growers as it plays a key role in plant adaptation to growing regions. Ultimately, knowledge of flowering-time genes and how they work should help with the selection of novel plant varieties with altered flowering times. Early-flowering varieties might allow multiple rounds of cropping in a single season, varieties with delayed flowering may increase yields in crops such as sugar beet, pasture grasses, or forestry where vegetative growth is desired, while ornamentals would be induced to flower on command on important dates of the year.
+Apart from its fundamental role in plant development, the  trait of flowering time is of great importance to plant breeders  and commercial growers as it plays a key role in plant adaptation to growing regions. Ultimately, knowledge of flowering-time genes and how they work should help with the selection of novel plant varieties with altered flowering times. Early-flowering varieties might allow multiple rounds of cropping in a single season, varieties with delayed flowering may increase yields in crops such as sugar beet, pasture grasses, or forestry where vegetative growth is desired, while ornamentals would be induced to flower on command on important dates of the year<ref name="ref5" />.
 ==Labs working on this gene==

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 ===Evolution===
-the overexpression of ''OsCO3'' signiWcantly delayed flowering under SD conditions.''OsCO3'' overexpression did not affect flowering in rice, indicating that ''OsCO3'' is involved in the regulation of flowering time in a day-length dependent manner. Thus, these results suggest that ''OsCO3'' is a negative regulator in the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice. Given that overexpression of ''OsCO3'' and ''Hd1'', which belong to the same ''OsCOL'' family group,resulted in opposite effects on flowering time, an important question is how these two genes play opposite roles under SD conditions in rice. One possibility is that ''OsCO3'' and ''Hd1'' may form different complexes with their own HAPs, thereby inducing opposite effects on flowering time when they are overexpressed.
+the overexpression of ''OsCO3'' signiWcantly delayed flowering under SD conditions.''OsCO3'' overexpression did not affect flowering in rice, indicating that ''OsCO3'' is involved in the regulation of flowering time in a day-length dependent manner. Thus, these results suggest that ''OsCO3'' is a negative regulator in the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice. Given that overexpression of ''OsCO3'' and ''Hd1'', which belong to the same ''OsCOL'' family group,resulted in opposite effects on flowering time, an important question is how these two genes play opposite roles under SD conditions in rice. One possibility is that ''OsCO3'' and ''Hd1'' may form different complexes with their own HAPs, thereby inducing opposite effects on flowering time when they are overexpressed<ref name="ref4" />.
 ===Knowledge Extension===

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 '''Fig1.Cross talk between flowering-time pathways in ''Arabidopsis'' Fig2.The Arabidopsis long-day pathway and how it has been modified in rice'''
-''CONSTANS'' is a member of 16 ''CO''-Like (''COL'') genes that have been identified by Arabidopsis genome analysis.This family has been divided into three subgroups on the basis of variations within the B-box region. The Wrst subgroup (''CO'' and ''COL1'' to ''COL5'') has two B-box genes, the second (''COL9'' to ''COL15'') has one ''CO''-like B-box and one different zinc-Wnger domain, and the third group (''COL6'' to ''COL8'' and ''COL16'') has one B-box gene. Several ''CO'' mutations have been observed in these B-boxes, revealing that conservation of these regions is required for proper ''CO'' function. However, it appears that ''CO'' function may not be conserved in other COL proteins which contain B-boxes that are closely related to those of CO. The overexpression of ''COL1'' and ''COL2'' does not regulate flowering time.
+''CONSTANS'' is a member of 16 ''CO''-Like (''COL'') genes that have been identified by Arabidopsis genome analysis.This family has been divided into three subgroups on the basis of variations within the B-box region. The Wrst subgroup (''CO'' and ''COL1'' to ''COL5'') has two B-box genes, the second (''COL9'' to ''COL15'') has one ''CO''-like B-box and one different zinc-Wnger domain, and the third group (''COL6'' to ''COL8'' and ''COL16'') has one B-box gene. Several ''CO'' mutations have been observed in these B-boxes, revealing that conservation of these regions is required for proper ''CO'' function. However, it appears that ''CO'' function may not be conserved in other COL proteins which contain B-boxes that are closely related to those of CO. The overexpression of ''COL1'' and ''COL2'' does not regulate flowering time<ref name="ref3" />.
 ===Expression===