Os10g0553300 - Revision history

Zhennan: /* Knowledge Extension */

2016-07-01T08:43:29Z

‎Knowledge Extension

Zhennan: /* Knowledge Extension */

2016-07-01T08:42:08Z

‎Knowledge Extension

Zhennan: /* Background */

2016-07-01T08:39:52Z

‎Background

Zhennan at 08:31, 1 July 2016

2016-07-01T08:31:06Z

Xysj2012 at 16:00, 30 June 2016

2016-06-30T16:00:00Z

Rice2012: /* Structured Information */

2015-06-13T08:57:27Z

‎Structured Information

Rice2012: /* References */

2015-06-13T08:57:17Z

‎References

Rice2012: /* References */

2015-06-13T08:57:07Z

‎References

Rice2012 at 08:54, 13 June 2015

2015-06-13T08:54:25Z

Rice2012 at 08:53, 13 June 2015

2015-06-13T08:53:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:43, 1 July 2016
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	* Identification and functional characterization of trehalose biosynthesis genes have established trehalose biosynthesis in higher plants. However, low-level accumulation of trehalose in plants suggests a distinctive function of this substance compared with its role in other organisms. Organization of these trehalose biosynthesis genes is also quite unique in higher plants. Only one or two copies of TPS and TPP genes exist in most bacteria, fungi, and insects, whereas these genes constitute a large gene family in higher plants. For example, in Arabidopsis, 11 TPS and 10 TPP genes have been identified from genomic information, and nine TPS and nine TPP homologs are found in the rice genome.		* Identification and functional characterization of trehalose biosynthesis genes have established trehalose biosynthesis in higher plants. However, low-level accumulation of trehalose in plants suggests a distinctive function of this substance compared with its role in other organisms. Organization of these trehalose biosynthesis genes is also quite unique in higher plants. Only one or two copies of TPS and TPP genes exist in most bacteria, fungi, and insects, whereas these genes constitute a large gene family in higher plants. For example, in Arabidopsis, 11 TPS and 10 TPP genes have been identified from genomic information, and nine TPS and nine TPP homologs are found in the rice genome.
		+
		+	* Using recombinant enzymes, we conducted the first detailed functional characterization of plant TPPs. These rice TPPs displayed three distinct properties compared with the previously characterized microbial TPPs. First, the K m values for the recombinant OsTPP1 and OsTPP2 enzymes are lower than values published for the microbial enzymes. Others have reported that the Tre6P concentration in Arabidopsis is relatively very low (10.1 ± 1.3 lgÆg )1 fresh weight). Therefore, these low K m values for OsTPP1 and OsTPP2 correlate with low concentrations of this substrate in plant cells.

	==Labs working on this gene==		==Labs working on this gene==

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 [[File: trehalose metabolic pathways1.jpg|left|thumb|300px|'''Figure 2.''' ''Identified trehalose metabolic pathways.(from reference <ref name="ref8"/>).'']]
-*Although five different trehalose synthesis pathways exist in bacteria, fungi, yeast and algae, trehalose biosynthesis in higher plants only occurs in the trehalose phosphate synthase (TPS)–trehalose phosphate phosphatase(TPP) pathway (also known as OtsA–OtsB pathway)(Figure 2). The first step, catalyzed by TPS, involves the binding of a glucose-6-P to a UDP-glucose to produce T6P, which is cleaved into trehalose by TPP<ref name="ref9"/>. Trehalase breaks down trehalose to form two glucose residues. This process has been found in all organisms that synthesize trehalose<ref name="ref9"/>, even when distinct forms of trehalase coexist<ref name="ref10"/>.
+* Although five different trehalose synthesis pathways exist in bacteria, fungi, yeast and algae, trehalose biosynthesis in higher plants only occurs in the trehalose phosphate synthase (TPS)–trehalose phosphate phosphatase(TPP) pathway (also known as OtsA–OtsB pathway)(Figure 2). The first step, catalyzed by TPS, involves the binding of a glucose-6-P to a UDP-glucose to produce T6P, which is cleaved into trehalose by TPP<ref name="ref9"/>. Trehalase breaks down trehalose to form two glucose residues. This process has been found in all organisms that synthesize trehalose<ref name="ref9"/>, even when distinct forms of trehalase coexist<ref name="ref10"/>.
-*Trehalose is a disaccharide sugar '''widely distributed''' in bacteria, fungi, insects, plants and invertebrate animals. In microbes and yeast, trehalose is produced from glucose by trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP), and serves as a sugar storage, metabolic regulator and protects against abiotic stress<ref name="ref10"/><ref name="ref11"/>. However, its role in plants is not yet fully elucidated<ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref10"/><ref name="ref11"/>.
+* Trehalose is a disaccharide sugar '''widely distributed''' in bacteria, fungi, insects, plants and invertebrate animals. In microbes and yeast, trehalose is produced from glucose by trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP), and serves as a sugar storage, metabolic regulator and protects against abiotic stress<ref name="ref10"/><ref name="ref11"/>. However, its role in plants is not yet fully elucidated<ref name="ref4"/><ref name="ref10"/><ref name="ref11"/>.
 ==Labs working on this gene==

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:39, 1 July 2016
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	==Background==		==Background==
		+	* Substantial levels of trehalose accumulate in bacteria, fungi, and invertebrates, where it serves as a storage carbohydrate or as a protectant against environmental stresses. In higher plants, trehalose is detected at fairly low levels; therefore, a regulatory or signaling function has been proposed for this molecule. In many organisms, trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase is the enzyme governing the final step of trehalose biosynthesis. Here we report that OsTPP1 and OsTPP2 are the two major trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase genes expressed in vegetative tissues of rice. Similar to results obtained from our previous OsTPP1 study, complementation analysis of a yeast trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase mutant and activity measurement of the recombinant protein demonstrated that OsTPP2 encodes a functional trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase enzyme.
		+	* Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide in which two glucose units are linked by an a,a-1,1-glycosidic linkage. The prevalent pathway for trehalose synthesis includes two enzymatic reactions. Trehalose 6-phos-phate (Tre6P) is generated from UDP-glucose and glucose 6-phosphate (Glc6P) in a reaction catalyzed by trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS). Tre6P is then dephosphorylated to form trehalose via trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP). In yeast, trehalose synthesis is carried out by a large enzyme complex that is composed of four subunits, including TPS1, TPS2, and regulatory subunits TSL1 and TPS3.
		+	* Although trehalose biosynthesis in higher plants has been demonstrated, details of both the physiologic functions and regulation of this pathway remain largely unknown. Genome sequencing of Arabidopsis and rice has revealed complex genomic organization of plant trehalose biosynthesis genes. Eleven putative TPS and 10 putative TPP genes were identified within the Arabidopsis genome, and nine putative TPS and nine putative TPP genes were found within the rice genome. Genetic studies have revealed that trehalose biosynthesis genes function specifically in regulating plant growth and development.

	==Annotated Information==		==Annotated Information==

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:31, 1 July 2016
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	The rice '''''Os10g0553300''''' was reported as '''''OsTPP2'''''. It is a member of '''TPS/TPP gene family''', '''''OsTPP2(Oryza sativa Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase2)''''' confers '''stress tolerance''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/>.		The rice '''''Os10g0553300''''' was reported as '''''OsTPP2'''''. It is a member of '''TPS/TPP gene family''', '''''OsTPP2(Oryza sativa Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase2)''''' confers '''stress tolerance''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/>.
		+
		+	==Background==

	==Annotated Information==		==Annotated Information==

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:00, 30 June 2016
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−	As a member of '''TPS/TPP gene family''', '''''OsTPP2(Oryza sativa Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase2)''''' confers '''stress tolerance''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/>.	+	The rice '''''Os10g0553300''''' was reported as '''''OsTPP2'''''. It is a member of '''TPS/TPP gene family''', '''''OsTPP2(Oryza sativa Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase2)''''' confers '''stress tolerance''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/>.

	==Annotated Information==		==Annotated Information==

@@ Line 86: / Line 86: @@
 ==Structured Information==
-==Structured Information==
 [[Category:Genes]]
 [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]

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-Please input one-sentence summary here.
+As a member of '''TPS/TPP gene family''', '''''OsTPP2(Oryza sativa Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase2)''''' confers '''stress tolerance''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/>.
 ==Annotated Information==
 ===Function===
-Please input function information here.
+*''OsTPP2'' encodes a functional trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase enzyme. A full-length OsTPP2 cDNA was then isolated from root tissue by RT-PCR. The OsTPP2 gene contained an ORF encoding a 42.6 kDa protein with 382 amino acid residues<ref name="ref1"/>.
 ===Expression===
-Please input expression information here.
+*''OsTPP2'' mRNA levels were detectable prior to stress treatments, and transiently increased in response to '''low temperature''', peaking at 10 h after the initiation of treatment in both '''shoot and root tissues'''. This expression pattern contrasted with the observed rapid induction of [[Os02g0661100|''OsTPP1'']] and gradual induction of ''OsMEK1''<ref name="ref3"/> in response to low temperature treatment<ref name="ref2"/><ref name="ref3"/>.
 ===Evolution===
-Please input evolution information here.
+[[File: TPP Phylogenetic1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Phylogenetic analysis of TPP domains.(from reference <ref name="ref4"/>).'']]
 ==Labs working on this gene==
-Please input related labs here.
+*Crop Cold Tolerance Research Team, National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Hitsujigaoka 1, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 0628555, Japan
 ==References==
-Please input cited references here.
+<references>
 [[Category:Genes]]
 [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:53, 13 June 2015
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		+	Please input one-sentence summary here.
		+
		+	==Annotated Information==
		+	===Function===
		+	Please input function information here.
		+
		+	===Expression===
		+	Please input expression information here.
		+
		+	===Evolution===
		+	Please input evolution information here.
		+
		+	You can also add sub-section(s) at will.
		+
		+	==Labs working on this gene==
		+	Please input related labs here.
		+
		+	==References==
		+	Please input cited references here.
		+
		+	==Structured Information==
	[[Category:Genes]]		[[Category:Genes]]
	[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]		[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]