Os11g0210300 - Revision history

Rice2012: /* References */

2015-06-13T09:04:18Z

‎References

Lmw2015: /* Structured Information */

2015-06-12T04:22:57Z

‎Structured Information

Shijc at 16:22, 1 June 2014

2014-06-01T16:22:28Z

Shijc: /* References */

2014-05-30T16:05:31Z

‎References

Shijc at 15:59, 30 May 2014

2014-05-30T15:59:09Z

Shijc at 15:58, 30 May 2014

2014-05-30T15:58:47Z

Shijc at 15:24, 30 May 2014

2014-05-30T15:24:26Z

Shijc at 15:24, 30 May 2014

2014-05-30T15:24:05Z

Shijc at 15:23, 30 May 2014

2014-05-30T15:23:47Z

Shijc: /* Annotated Information */

2014-05-30T06:25:57Z

‎Annotated Information

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:04, 13 June 2015
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	[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 11]]		[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 11]]
	[[Category:Chromosome 11]]		[[Category:Chromosome 11]]
		+	==Structured Information==

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 </references>
 [[Category:Genes]]
 [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]

@@ Line 60: / Line 60: @@
 <ref name="ref12">Matsumura,H., T.Takano, K.T.Yoshida and G.Takeda (1995) A rice mutant lacking Alcohol-dehydrogenase. Breed. Sci. 45: 365-367.</ref>
 <ref name="ref13">Hiroaki,S., H. Matsumura, T. Takano, N. Tsutsumi and M. Nakazono (2006) A Point Mutation ofAdh1 Gene is Involved in the Repression of Coleoptile Elongation under Submergence in Rice. Breed. Sci. 56: 69-74</ref>
 ==Structured Information==

@@ Line 58: / Line 58: @@
 <ref name="ref10">Kato-Noguchi,H. (2001) Submergence tolerance and ethanolic fermentation in rice coleoptiles. Plant Prod. Sci. 4: 62-65.</ref>
 <ref name="ref11">Kato-Noguchi,H. and T.Kugimiya (2003) Preferential induction of alcohol dehydrogenase in coleoptiles of rice seedlings germinated in submergence condition. Biol. Plant. 46: 153-155.</ref>
-<ref name="ref12">Matsumura,H., T.Takano, K.T.Yoshida and G.Takeda (1995) A rice mutant lacking Alcohol-dehydrogenase. Breed. Sci. 45: 365-367.(1995)</ref>
+<ref name="ref12">Matsumura,H., T.Takano, K.T.Yoshida and G.Takeda (1995) A rice mutant lacking Alcohol-dehydrogenase. Breed. Sci. 45: 365-367.</ref>
 <ref name="ref13">Hiroaki,S., H. Matsumura, T. Takano, N. Tsutsumi and M. Nakazono (2006) A Point Mutation ofAdh1 Gene is Involved in the Repression of Coleoptile Elongation under Submergence in Rice. Breed. Sci. 56: 69-74</ref>

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 ==Annotated Information==
 ===Function===
-[[File:Shijc-Fig1.jpg|right|thumb|400px|''Diagram of alcoholic fermentation pathway in plants. (from reference <ref name="ref13" />).'']]
+[[File:Shijc-Fig1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Diagram of alcoholic fermentation pathway in plants. (from reference <ref name="ref13" />).'']]
 In many higher plants, alcoholic fermentation is necessary for germination and survival under anaerobic conditions caused by heavy rain and ﬂooding <ref name="ref1" />. Alcoholic fermentation occurs in two reaction steps: the decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetaldehyde by pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and the subsequent reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol by lcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). This metabolic pathway supports glycolysis and ATP synthesis by recycling NAD+. Analyses of ADH deﬁcient mutants in maize <ref name="ref2" /><ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />, barley <ref name="ref5" />, Arabidopsis <ref name="ref6" /><ref name="ref7" /> and rice <ref name="ref8" /> have shown that ADH is required for anaerobic tolerance in plants.
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 ===Expression===
-[[File:Shijc-Fig2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Comparison of coleoptiles of wild type rice and the rad mutant. (from reference <ref name="ref13" />).'']]
+[[File:Shijc-Fig2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Comparison of coleoptiles of wild type rice and the rad mutant. (from reference <ref name="ref13" />).'']]
 Under submerged conditions, the coleoptiles of the wild type Kinmaze began to elongate one day after imbibition and reached an average length of 52.2 mm after 5 days. However, the coleoptiles ofthe rad mutant hardly elongated even after 5 days. This result was consistent with the ﬁndings of <ref name="ref12" />. The relative transcript levels of ''Adh1'' in the coleoptile were comparable between the rad mutant and Kinmaze, while the amount of ADH protein in the coleoptiles in the radmutant was 5-fold lower than that in Kinmaze. These results were similar to those observed in the leaves and roots ofthe rad mutant <ref name="ref8" />. On the other hand, the Pdc1 mRNA levels and the PDC protein levels were comparable between the rad mutant and Kinmaze, suggesting that the expression of the Pdc1 gene was not affected by the reduction ofthe ADH protein level.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Adh1 gene locus, elongating coleoptile when rice in flooded conditions.
+''Adh1'' gene locus, elongating coleoptile when rice in flooded conditions.
 ==Annotated Information==
@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 In many higher plants, alcoholic fermentation is necessary for germination and survival under anaerobic conditions caused by heavy rain and ﬂooding <ref name="ref1" />. Alcoholic fermentation occurs in two reaction steps: the decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetaldehyde by pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and the subsequent reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol by lcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). This metabolic pathway supports glycolysis and ATP synthesis by recycling NAD+. Analyses of ADH deﬁcient mutants in maize <ref name="ref2" /><ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />, barley <ref name="ref5" />, Arabidopsis <ref name="ref6" /><ref name="ref7" /> and rice <ref name="ref8" /> have shown that ADH is required for anaerobic tolerance in plants.
-When rice germinates under water, ADH activity is required for coleoptile elongation <ref name="ref9" /><ref name="ref10" /> <ref name="ref11" />. Matsumura et al. <ref name="ref12" /> isolated a single recessive rice mutant, whose ADH activity was markedly reduced. Thus, the mutant was designated as reduced adh activity (rad) mutant. Elongation of the coleoptile was strongly repressed in the submerged rad mutant <ref name="ref12" />. Subsequently, the amount of ADHl protein, but not the amount of ADH2 protein, in shoots and roots in the rad mutant was found to be lower than that in the wild type, while the Adhl mRNA levels in the rad mutant were comparable to those in the wild type <ref name="ref8" />.
+When rice germinates under water, ADH activity is required for coleoptile elongation <ref name="ref9" /><ref name="ref10" /> <ref name="ref11" />. Matsumura et al. <ref name="ref12" /> isolated a single recessive rice mutant, whose ADH activity was markedly reduced. Thus, the mutant was designated as reduced ''adh'' activity (rad) mutant. Elongation of the coleoptile was strongly repressed in the submerged rad mutant <ref name="ref12" />. Subsequently, the amount of ADHl protein, but not the amount of ADH2 protein, in shoots and roots in the rad mutant was found to be lower than that in the wild type, while the Adhl mRNA levels in the rad mutant were comparable to those in the wild type <ref name="ref8" />.
-The rad Adhl gene displayed a point mutation linked to the phenotype ofrepressed coleoptile elongation.
+The rad ''Adhl'' gene displayed a point mutation linked to the phenotype ofrepressed coleoptile elongation.
 ===Mutant===
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 [[File:Shijc-Fig2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''Comparison of coleoptiles of wild type rice and the rad mutant. (from reference <ref name="ref13" />).'']]
-Under submerged conditions, the coleoptiles of the wild type Kinmaze began to elongate one day after imbibition and reached an average length of 52.2 mm after 5 days. However, the coleoptiles ofthe rad mutant hardly elongated even after 5 days. This result was consistent with the ﬁndings of <ref name="ref12" />. The relative transcript levels of Adh] in the coleoptile were comparable between the rad mutant and Kinmaze, while the amount of ADH protein in the coleoptiles in the radmutant was 5-fold lower than that in Kinmaze. These results were similar to those observed in the leaves and roots ofthe rad mutant <ref name="ref8" />. On the other hand, the Pdc1 mRNA levels and the PDC protein levels were comparable between the rad mutant and Kinmaze, suggesting that the expression of the Pdc1 gene was not affected by the reduction ofthe ADH protein level.
+Under submerged conditions, the coleoptiles of the wild type Kinmaze began to elongate one day after imbibition and reached an average length of 52.2 mm after 5 days. However, the coleoptiles ofthe rad mutant hardly elongated even after 5 days. This result was consistent with the ﬁndings of <ref name="ref12" />. The relative transcript levels of ''Adh1'' in the coleoptile were comparable between the rad mutant and Kinmaze, while the amount of ADH protein in the coleoptiles in the radmutant was 5-fold lower than that in Kinmaze. These results were similar to those observed in the leaves and roots ofthe rad mutant <ref name="ref8" />. On the other hand, the Pdc1 mRNA levels and the PDC protein levels were comparable between the rad mutant and Kinmaze, suggesting that the expression of the Pdc1 gene was not affected by the reduction ofthe ADH protein level.
 ===Alternative Splicing===
@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 <ref name="ref1">Tadege,M., I.Dupuis and C.Kuhlemeier (1999) Ethanolic fermentation: new functions for an old pathway. Trends Plant Sci. 4: 320-325.</ref>
 <ref name="ref2">Schwartz,D. (1969) An example of gene ﬁxation resulting from selective advantage in suboptimal conditions. Am. Nat. 103: 479-481.</ref>
-<ref name="ref3">Freeling,M. and D.C.Bennett (1985) Maize Adhl. Ann. Rev. Genet.19: 297-323.</ref>
+<ref name="ref3">Freeling,M. and D.C.Bennett (1985) Maize Adh1. Ann. Rev. Genet.19: 297-323.</ref>
-<ref name="ref4">Johnson,J.R., B.G.Cobb and M.C.Drew (1994) Hypoxic induction of anoxia tolerance in roots of Adh] null Zea mays L. Plant Physiol. 105: 61-67.</ref>
+<ref name="ref4">Johnson,J.R., B.G.Cobb and M.C.Drew (1994) Hypoxic induction of anoxia tolerance in roots of Adh1 null Zea mays L. Plant Physiol. 105: 61-67.</ref>
 <ref name="ref5">Harberd,N.P. and K.J.R. Edwards (1982) The effect of a mutation causing alcohol dehydrogenase deﬁciency on ﬂooding tolerance in barley. New Phytol. 90: 631-644.</ref>
 <ref name="ref6">Jacobs,M., R.Dolferus and D.VandenBossche (1988) Isolation and biochemical analysis of ethyl methanesulfonate-induced alcohol dehydrogenase null mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Biochem. Genet. 26: 105-122.</ref>
@@ Line 59: / Line 59: @@
 <ref name="ref11">Kato-Noguchi,H. and T.Kugimiya (2003) Preferential induction of alcohol dehydrogenase in coleoptiles of rice seedlings germinated in submergence condition. Biol. Plant. 46: 153-155.</ref>
 <ref name="ref12">Matsumura,H., T.Takano, K.T.Yoshida and G.Takeda (1995) A rice mutant lacking Alcohol-dehydrogenase. Breed. Sci. 45: 365-367.(1995)</ref>
-<ref name="ref13">Hiroaki,S., H. Matsumura, T. Takano, N. Tsutsumi and M. Nakazono (2006) A Point Mutation ofAdhl Gene is Involved in the Repression of Coleoptile Elongation under Submergence in Rice. Breed. Sci. 56: 69-74</ref>
+<ref name="ref13">Hiroaki,S., H. Matsumura, T. Takano, N. Tsutsumi and M. Nakazono (2006) A Point Mutation ofAdh1 Gene is Involved in the Repression of Coleoptile Elongation under Submergence in Rice. Breed. Sci. 56: 69-74</ref>
 ==Structured Information==