Os12g0610200 - Revision history

Xysj2019 at 01:59, 7 March 2017

2017-03-07T01:59:15Z

Xysj2019 at 01:58, 7 March 2017

2017-03-07T01:58:30Z

Rice2012: /* Labs working on this gene */

2015-06-13T09:18:48Z

‎Labs working on this gene

Lmw2015: /* References */

2015-06-12T04:36:16Z

‎References

Zhangzhang at 13:08, 30 May 2014

2014-05-30T13:08:35Z

Tian-muer at 12:24, 30 May 2014

2014-05-30T12:24:41Z

Tian-muer at 12:23, 30 May 2014

2014-05-30T12:23:58Z

Tian-muer at 12:21, 30 May 2014

2014-05-30T12:21:46Z

Tian-muer at 01:30, 30 May 2014

2014-05-30T01:30:27Z

127.0.0.1: Created page with "{{JaponicaGene| GeneName = Os12g0610200| Description = Similar to Phytochrome-interacting factor 3 (Phytochrome-associated protein 3) (Basic helix-loop-helix protein 8) (bHL..."

2012-06-21T10:36:54Z

Created page with "{{JaponicaGene| GeneName = Os12g0610200| Description = Similar to Phytochrome-interacting factor 3 (Phytochrome-associated protein 3) (Basic helix-loop-helix protein 8) (bHL..."

New page

{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os12g0610200|
Description = Similar to Phytochrome-interacting factor 3 (Phytochrome-associated protein 3) (Basic helix-loop-helix protein 8) (bHLH8) (AtbHLH008)|
Version = NM_001073778.1 GI:115489517 GeneID:4352761|
Length = 4245 bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os12g0610200, complete gene.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group

ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 12|Chromosome 12]]|
AP = Chromosome 12:25995255..25999499|
CDS = 25996330..25996391,25996490..25997264,25997440..25997505,25997637..25997702,25997789..25998031<br>,25998268..25998393|
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
name=NC_008405:25995255..25999499
source=RiceChromosome12
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage1>|
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
name=NC_008405:25995255..25999499
source=RiceChromosome12
preset=GeneLocation
</gbrowseImage2>|
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atgaaccagttcgtccctgattggaacaccaccagcatgggcgacggctttgcgccattaggcgaagacgacgggctcgtcgagctgctatggtgcaatggccacgtcgtcatgcagagccaggcgccgcggaagccgccgaggccggagaagacgacggcggcggcggcggcggcgatggcggaggatgagtcggcgtcgtggtttcagtacccggtcgacgacgtgcttgagaaggacctgttcaccgagctgttcggcgaaatgacggcggccggcggcggcggcggcgacgtccgcagggcggcgtgcaaggaggagcgcggcgcggtcgccgcgttccagagcaggatgatgccgccgccgtggccggcgagggggaaggcggagttcggtgacgtcgacgacgtgtgcggcgtctcggaggtcgtcatggcgaagatggacggggcggcggcggcggagacggtcggcgagtcatcgatgctgacaatcgggtcgagcatctgcgggagcaaccacgtccagacgccgccggtggggaacgggaaggccggcgccggcaccgccggcgccgccagaagggcgcacgacacggcgacggtggcgtcgtcgtcgatgaggtcgaggtcctgcaccgccaaggccgagccgcgcgacgtcgcagccgccggcgtcggcggcaagcggaagcagcgcggcggcgccgccatggagtccgggagccccagcgaggacgtggagttcgagtccgccgccgcaacgtgctcgccggcgcagaagacgacgacggcgaagcggcggcgcgccgccgaggtgcacaacctctccgagaggaggagaagagataggatcaatgagaagatgaaagcattacaggagctcatacctcactgcaacaaaacggacaaagcatcgatgctggatgaagcgatcgagtatctcaagtcactgcagctccagctacagatgatgtggatgggcggcggaatggcgccgccggcggtgatgttcccggcggccggcgtgcaccagtacatgcagcggatgggcgccgtcgggatgggcccaccacacatggcgtccctgccgaggatgccgccgttcatggcgccgccgcccgccgccgtgcagagctcgccggtggtcagcatggccgacccctacgcccgctgcctcgccgtcgaccacctccagccaccgcctccgatgcattacctgcaggggatgagcttctaccagctcgccgcggccaagaaccttcagcagcagcagaacacggcggaggcgccgccaccgccaccggccggaggcaaccgcgcagccgctgactcctga</cdnaseq>|
AA = <aaseq>MNQFVPDWNTTSMGDGFAPLGEDDGLVELLWCNGHVVMQSQAPR KPPRPEKTTAAAAAAMAEDESASWFQYPVDDVLEKDLFTELFGEMTAAGGGGGDVRRA ACKEERGAVAAFQSRMMPPPWPARGKAEFGDVDDVCGVSEVVMAKMDGAAAAETVGES SMLTIGSSICGSNHVQTPPVGNGKAGAGTAGAARRAHDTATVASSSMRSRSCTAKAEP RDVAAAGVGGKRKQRGGAAMESGSPSEDVEFESAAATCSPAQKTTTAKRRRAAEVHNL SERRRRDRINEKMKALQELIPHCNKTDKASMLDEAIEYLKSLQLQLQMMWMGGGMAPP AVMFPAAGVHQYMQRMGAVGMGPPHMASLPRMPPFMAPPPAAVQSSPVVSMADPYARC LAVDHLQPPPPMHYLQGMSFYQLAAAKNLQQQQNTAEAPPPPPAGGNRAAADS</aaseq>|
DNA = <dnaseqindica>1076..1137#1236..2010#2186..2251#2383..2448#2535..2777#3014..3139#gctctccggcgagtcctcttcctgccctgccctgccctgccctgcattctttctttctccaccaggggaatccagttcacccccagtgctgcttctgctgctgcttctgcatcatcttgccctgttaaaaagacacagtgcccttgttctttcgcagttgcaactagcatctcctcctctacttgtactcacttcacacctcagctcagctcagctcatctcctgtcatctcagctcaaagagaaagagctgaaggtgtaagctgatcaccaggaagcagaggctttttttcagattacagttatctgaaacaaccaacttcagaatcaatcagcaaaggtagagggagtttcttgtttcttttgtgtactactacatgactatatccatatctcctttttcttctacttctttttcttttgtttggttgtgagtgttgttgctgtgtgtttcaacaagtcaactggatagatagattcatagatatgatagtttttatctgaggttggaggtttcccctctcatccaccacacacattttggcaccccaatcctgaatttactgttcaattctcttctttttattcttcctctgttgattgatcatccatgcatgcatactggtatatagtactagtgctcaagtgctcatccttcctgatggtgaatctcttttgagaaaagaaaagaaaaagatctctctcatcttggctttttttcctgttgatctgagcactgctcttctccaggttgtttcattctgcaggtctacagcttttgtcatcaaagtggtagggtttgtactttgtagtagattgcagtgatggcccttctctgcttttttttcattctctgtttgttcttgttgctcttattctgtttcattctactttttttaaacaaatccatccttagagttcagttttcccttaaaatttttccaaacctacaaattttgttctctgtgaattcatttttgcatgattcttgcagaatctgaaatgatcattggctttgcaggtagaaacaagacagagctgctgtgcttctgtgattaattagggttgttaatgccatgaaccagttcgtccctgattggaacaccaccagcatgggcgacggctttgcgccattagggttcgtgcgattcttggatcgaagcttgagatctttccatcgattggaggcgatcggatgagtgattctttggtttcttgttcttcttgttgttgcagcgaagacgacgggctcgtcgagctgctatggtgcaatggccacgtcgtcatgcagagccaggcgccgcggaagccgccgaggccggagaagacgacggcggcggcggcggcggcgatggcggaggatgagtcggcgtcgtggtttcagtacccggtcgacgacgtgcttgagaaggacctgttcaccgagctgttcggcgaaatgacggcggccggcggcggcggcggcgacgtccgcagggcggcgtgcaaggaggagcgcggcgcggtcgccgcgttccagagcaggatgatgccgccgccgtggccggcgagggggaaggcggagttcggtgacgtcgacgacgtgtgcggcgtctcggaggtcgtcatggcgaagatggacggggcggcggcggcggagacggtcggcgagtcatcgatgctgacaatcgggtcgagcatctgcgggagcaaccacgtccagacgccgccggtggggaacgggaaggccggcgccggcaccgccggcgccgccagaagggcgcacgacacggcgacggtggcgtcgtcgtcgatgaggtcgaggtcctgcaccgccaaggccgagccgcgcgacgtcgcagccgccggcgtcggcggcaagcggaagcagcgcggcggcgccgccatggagtccgggagccccagcgaggacgtggagttcgagtccgccgccgcaacgtgctcgccggcgcagaagacgacgacggcgaagcggcggcgcgccgccgaggtgcacaacctctccgagagggtacgtgtcatgcacgctcacattttgttcttcttgctttgacttttctctcttattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattattgctgctgctgctaataaaaaatgttaaattgattgtgatgcagaggagaagagataggatcaatgagaagatgaaagcattacaggagctcatacctcactgcaacaaagtaaactactctaaatttaatctgcaagcgccattacataattacaactagcaacattgctatacatctcattaaaatttaaatcgaatttatttgaaaatggtgacctcattcttgtttcatattttcagacggacaaagcatcgatgctggatgaagcgatcgagtatctcaagtcactgcagctccagctacaggtttgtactacgtaaaatgaatgtaactcaatactaaaattgattaacgataatccgacgatgatgatgtgaatggcgtggttcagatgatgtggatgggcggcggaatggcgccgccggcggtgatgttcccggcggccggcgtgcaccagtacatgcagcggatgggcgccgtcgggatgggcccaccacacatggcgtccctgccgaggatgccgccgttcatggcgccgccgcccgccgccgtgcagagctcgccggtggtcagcatggccgacccctacgcccgctgcctcgccgtcgaccacctccagccaccgcctccgatggtaagtaaagcacgtgcctgtacagtcaccatgcatcgatcagtaattcagtagctgccatgaaatgtattttcagtttcgacgcgaatactagggaaggaactaatatcaaataatagaaggggtgagccttcgaatcgagatcgtctagcccaccaccttatagagctagccggaaggccctcgagcgtttctcatattttcagtttcctaagagtttttttttttgtcagcagcattacctgcaggggatgagcttctaccagctcgccgcggccaagaaccttcagcagcagcagaacacggcggaggcgccgccaccgccaccggccggaggcaaccgcgcagccgctgactcctgacgacattctgcacaaaaaatacggtgtgtaagtactatctactccacatttcagtgtcaatgtacatgaaacaaaaatgaaaatcagtgatctgctactagtctactagtagtactagtatcgtaccacaaagaatgcttcaaggcctgaaatttcgacccaaatacccgaaatttccgggttccgatcctcgtacaagtactacatatgtcctaaaatataacaacttttacctatgaatctagccaagtgcatgtctagattcgtagtcaaaagttaatgtattttaggatggatgaattatgaaatttcggaacgaaatacctgagaattcgggggtattgatcctccagtagtactatatgttggaaaagaaaaatcagacagaataaatatatgcattttttcgcttgaaattttatttgaaattgccctgtaaaatgagccagaaaagtctaaggaatttaaagatgaataaaatctgagggtgtgaacacaggtttgctttcagcaaagacaatgtgatctggttagctcaagaacctgtcattgtcatgcactgtaggctagagtttactttgctgatttcactcggctacatgcactgcatccatcggtgtcaaattcacggactagttgatcatttatctcttgtagatccgtggatagctgcatcacagaaactctgaatttctctgttcttaaatgcaactgtttgttcatctctgacttgacttatcactcacatatctgtctcttttttgtccctgaaatattgcagacaactgtagtaagtctgagagcaagggtggcaccagttgattgccgtcaatctgaagatatgtatataaggctctgatgcaattgagttgagaggctggatcatgatggctacctaatcattaaggggaatttaagatcatcccttttactgacgtctaaattcggtaggcagtgtagatcgatcagcggttaagagttaacaagtcgtgaattcttttttgctatgtatgtagtactattttttcccctttggggagacattggttatgtatcagttgttgatgtacctgttcaaatttatgccaaccagagcaaattgtatt</dnaseqindica>|
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001073778.1 RefSeq:Os12g0610200]|
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]
[[Category:Chromosome 12]]

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 ===Function===
-''OsPIL11'' is a member of the rice phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) family. Nakamura et al <ref name="ref2" /> identified six candidate genes encoding PIFs, designated ''OsPIL11'' to ''OsPIL16'', via homologous analysis in rice genome. ''OsPIL11'' contain APB motif at their N-termini, suggesting the possible interaction between PIF and phytochromes in rice <ref name="ref2" />.
+''OsPIL11'' is a member of the rice phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) family. Nakamura et al identified six candidate genes encoding PIFs, designated ''OsPIL11'' to ''OsPIL16'', via homologous analysis in rice genome. ''OsPIL11'' contain APB motif at their N-termini, suggesting the possible interaction between PIF and phytochromes in rice .
-PIFs, as a small subset of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor superfamily, have been found to bind to the G-box motif in the promoter region of light-regulated genes. Thus, PIFs constitute a signal transfer pathway from photoactivated phytochromes to the light-regulation of gene expression that controls photomorphogenesis in plants. Among phytochrome associated proteins, phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are central player in phytochrome-mediated signal transduction <ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />.
+PIFs, as a small subset of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor superfamily, have been found to bind to the G-box motif in the promoter region of light-regulated genes. Thus, PIFs constitute a signal transfer pathway from photoactivated phytochromes to the light-regulation of gene expression that controls photomorphogenesis in plants. Among phytochrome associated proteins, phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are central player in phytochrome-mediated signal transduction.
 In addition, ''OsPIL11'' plays important roles in light signal transduction in rice leaves and its development, and it may also involve in the regulation of plant hormones.
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 ''OsPIF11'' gene is widely expressed in rice roots, stems, new leaves and old leaves. The ''OsPIFs11'' transcription factor expression level in the leaves is significantly higher than in the roots and stems, and the expression is the lowest in roots.
-The expression of ''OsPIL11'' also is organ-specific and is regulated by leaf development, abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). ''OsPIL11'' is involved in red light-induced de-etiolation, but not in far-red lignt-induced de-etiolation in transgenic tobacco. ''OsPIL11'' expressed higher in the new leaves than in the old leaves. Therefore, the expression of ''OsPIL11'' gene was regulated by hormones in rice <ref name="ref5" />.
+The expression of ''OsPIL11'' also is organ-specific and is regulated by leaf development, abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). ''OsPIL11'' is involved in red light-induced de-etiolation, but not in far-red lignt-induced de-etiolation in transgenic tobacco. ''OsPIL11'' expressed higher in the new leaves than in the old leaves. Therefore, the expression of ''OsPIL11'' gene was regulated by hormones in rice.
 ==Labs working on this gene==

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 ==Labs working on this gene==
-·High-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji’nan 250100, China
+* High-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji’nan 250100, China
-·College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
+* College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
-·College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
+* College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
-·Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, School of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
+* Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, School of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
-·National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
+* National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
 [[Category:Genes]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:18, 13 June 2015
Line 34:		Line 34:
	[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]		[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 12]]
	[[Category:Chromosome 12]]		[[Category:Chromosome 12]]
		+
		+	==Structured Information==

@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 <ref name="ref4">Leivar P, Quail P H. 2011. PIFs: Pivotal components in a cellular signaling hub. Trends Plant Sci, 16:19-28.</ref>
 <ref name="ref5">Li L, Peng WF, Liu QQ, Zhou JJ, Liang WH, Xie XZ. 2012. Expression Patterns of OsPIL11, a Phytochrome-Interacting Factor in Rice, and Preliminary Analysis of Its Roles in Light Signal Transduction. Rice Science, 19(4):263-268.</ref>
 {{JaponicaGene|

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 ===Function===
 ''OsPIL11'' is a member of the rice phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) family. Nakamura et al <ref name="ref2" /> identified six candidate genes encoding PIFs, designated ''OsPIL11'' to ''OsPIL16'', via homologous analysis in rice genome. ''OsPIL11'' contain APB motif at their N-termini, suggesting the possible interaction between PIF and phytochromes in rice <ref name="ref2" />.
 PIFs, as a small subset of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor superfamily, have been found to bind to the G-box motif in the promoter region of light-regulated genes. Thus, PIFs constitute a signal transfer pathway from photoactivated phytochromes to the light-regulation of gene expression that controls photomorphogenesis in plants. Among phytochrome associated proteins, phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are central player in phytochrome-mediated signal transduction <ref name="ref3" /><ref name="ref4" />.
 In addition, ''OsPIL11'' plays important roles in light signal transduction in rice leaves and its development, and it may also involve in the regulation of plant hormones.
@@ Line 13: / Line 14: @@
 ===Expression===
 ''OsPIF11'' gene is widely expressed in rice roots, stems, new leaves and old leaves. The ''OsPIFs11'' transcription factor expression level in the leaves is significantly higher than in the roots and stems, and the expression is the lowest in roots.
 The expression of ''OsPIL11'' also is organ-specific and is regulated by leaf development, abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). ''OsPIL11'' is involved in red light-induced de-etiolation, but not in far-red lignt-induced de-etiolation in transgenic tobacco. ''OsPIL11'' expressed higher in the new leaves than in the old leaves. Therefore, the expression of ''OsPIL11'' gene was regulated by hormones in rice <ref name="ref5" />.

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:30, 30 May 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+
		+	The OsPIL11 gene is a member of the rice Phytochrome‐interacting factors (PIFs) family, in regulating seedling growth.
		+
		+	==Annotated Information==
		+	===Function===
		+
		+	Nakamura et al. (2007) identified six phytochrome‐interacting factor‐like (PIL) homologs in rice, designated as OsPIL11 through OsPIL16. OsPIL11 contains six introns and encodes a predicted protein of 637 amino acids. Alignment using the amino acid sequence of the bHLH DNA domain revealed that OsPIL11 is highly similar to Arabidopsis PIF3 [ 1 ].
		+	OsPIL11 encodes a basic helix‐loop‐helix factor localized in the nucleus. OsPIL11‐OX seedlings exhibit an exaggerated shorter aboveground part and undeveloped root system relative to wild‐type seedling. OsPIL11 represses a set of genes involved in auxin pathways and cell wall organization or biogenesis. Exposure to red light or far‐red light relieved growth retardation and promoted seedling elongation in the OsPIL11‐OX lines. The results suggest that light regulation of OsPIL11 expression is probably involved in photomorphogenesis in rice [ 2 ].
		+	In addition, OsPIL13 and OsPIL11 colocalize with OsPRR1, an ortholog of the Arabidopsis APRR1 gene that controls photoperiodic flowering response through clock function. Overexpression of OsLF might repress expression of OsGI and Hd1 by competing with OsPRR1 in interacting with OsPIL13 and OsPIL11 and thus induce late flowering [ 3 ].
		+
		+
		+	===Expression===
		+
		+	OsPIF11 gene in leaf, root, stem, old and young ear, ear and embryo widely expressed in organization, and the expression level in the blade is significantly higher than other groups, especially in flag leaf, explain OsPIL11 gene expression is regulated by the development, and closely related to the gene expression and phyB.Semi-quantitative rt-pcr test showed that the gene expression is also affected by photoperiod and biological clock.
		+	OsPIF11 gene is widely expressed in leaves, roots, stems, young spike, spike, old embryos and other tissues. The expression level in the leaves is significantly higher than other tissues, especially in the flag leaf. The xpression of OsPIF11 gene is regulated by development and is closely related to phyB.
		+
		+	===Evolution===
		+
		+	The OsPIL11‐OX lines: To construct the OsPIL11‐overexpression vector, the ORF region of OsPIL11 was amplified by PCR from its full length cDNA clone J033088H. The primer pair used for the amplification and introduction of the restriction sites was 5’‐AAACTAGTATGTCCGACGGCAACGAC‐3’ (SpeI site underlined) and 5’
		+	‐ATGGTCACCTTATGTTTCAGCCCCATCTC‐3’ (BstEII site underlined). The resulting PCR product was digested with SpeI and BstEII and subcloned into the p1390‐Ubi vector between the maize ubiquitin promoter and the nos terminator. The plasmid was introduced into Agrobacterium
		+	tumefaciens strain EHA105 [4] by electroporation. [2].
		+	You can also add sub-section(s) at will.
		+
		+	==Labs working on this gene==
		+
		+	Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China·
		+	Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, School of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
		+	National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
		+
		+	==References==
		+
		+	[ 1 ] Nakamura Y, Kato Y, Yamashino Y, Murakami M, Mizuno T (2007) Characterization of a set of phytochrome‐interacting‐factor‐like bHLH proteins in Oryza sativa. Biosci Biotech Biochem 71: 1183–1191
		+	[ 2 ] Zhou J, Liu Q, Zhang F, Wang Y, Zhang S, Cheng H, Yan L, Li L,Chen F, Xie X Overexpression of OsPIL11, a phytochromeinteracting factor‐like protein gene, represses etiolated seedling growth in rice. Journal Of Integrative Plant Biology 56: 373-387
		+	[ 3 ] Zhao, Xiao-Ling; Shi, Zhen-Ying; Peng, Ling-Tao (2011) An atypical HLH protein OsLF in rice regulates flowering time and interacts with OsPIL13 and OsPIL11. New Biotechnology 28: 788-797
		+	[ 4 ] Hood E, Gelvin S, Melchers L, Hoekema A (1993) New Agrobacterium helper plasmids for gene transfer to plants. Transgenic Res 2: 208–218
		+
		+
	{{JaponicaGene\|		{{JaponicaGene\|
	GeneName = Os12g0610200\|		GeneName = Os12g0610200\|