Difference between revisions of "Os05g0107700"

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''Os05g0107700'' is a recessive gene associated with resistance to rice bacterial leaf blight.
 
  
 
==Annotated Information==
 
==Annotated Information==
 
===Function===
 
===Function===
Os05g0107700 represent gene ''xa5''. The gene ''xa5'' provides racespecific resistance to ''X. oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'', and encodes the small subunit of transcription factor ''IIA(TFIIAγ)''. This recessive gene provides race-specific resistance to ''X. oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'', and is structurally unlike the more than 40 plant R genes previously cloned. ''xa5'' is inherited in a completely recessive manner and the susceptible allele ''Xa5'' is fully dominant. ''xa5''-mediated recessive resistance is the result of restricted bacterial movement, but not restricted multiplication.
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Xa21 encodes a receptor kinase carrying extracellular leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), as well as
 
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transmembrane (TM), juxtamembrane (JM) and intracellular non-RD (arginine - aspartate) kinase domains.
Plants with lesions less than 4 cm are resistant, while those greater than 4 cm are susceptible. The susceptible ''indica'' isoline IR24 and the resistant ''indica'' isoline IRBB5 were referred to as IS and IR respectively. No significant difference in lesion length between IS and heterozygous F2s 14 dpi was observed. In addition, bacterial populations over time in heterozygous plants were similar to those in homozygous susceptible IS individuals. These results demonstrate that the ''Xa5'' allele is not dose-dependent in the ''indica'' IR24 background.
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XA21-mediated immunity is activated upon recognition of a 194-amino acid protein designated Ax21
 
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(activator of XA21-mediated innate immunity). Non-RD kinases usually carry a cysteine or glycine in  
Although ''X. oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'' multiplied extensively in resistant IR lines, lesion lengths were consistently less than 4 cm. Genetic background may play a role in resistance mediated by specific ''Xa'' genes. ''X. oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'' -''xa5'' dynamics appear to differ in the indica and japonica NILs. Bacterial movement is restricted in both ''indica'' and ''japonica'' resistant plants. In both ''indica'' and ''japonica'' NILs, ''X. oryzae'' pv. '''oryzae''' movement down the leaf was dramatically faster in susceptible than in resistant leaves. Movement in resistant leaves appeared to be more restricted in JR than IR.
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  place of the arginine and can induces inflammatory responses by both NLRs and TLRs. XA21 biogenesis occurs
 
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  in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the phosphorylation state of XA21 is critical for XA21-mediated signaling.  
No significant difference between untransformed susceptible ''japonicas(JS)'' and ''Xa5'' transformed previously resistant ''japonicas (JR::Xa5)'' was observed. In the ''japonica'' subspecies as in the ''indica'', ''xa5'' operates as a recessive gene and genetic background does not affect its gene action. Since the transgenic ''JR::Xa5'' plants contain two copies of the recessive resistant ''xa5'' allele, one allele of ''Xa5'' is sufficient for disease even in plants with two copies of ''xa5''. Additional insertions of ''Xa5'' do not result in increased disease severity in previously resistant genotypes,suggesting that ''Xa5'' may be a susceptibility allele(Iyer-Pascuzzi et al., 2008).
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===Localization===
 
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XA21 is a kind of transmembrane protein.  
===Expression===
 
The rice ''xa5'' gene for disease resistance to ''Xanthomonas oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'' has been positionally cloned and encodes the gamma subunit of transcription factor IIA ''(TFIIAγ)''. ''TFIIAγ''is a general eukaryotic transcription factor with no previously known role in disease resistance. ''xa5'' is unusual in that it is recessive and does not conform to one of the typical resistance gene structural classes. Sequencing of ''TFIIAγ'' in resistant and susceptible isolines revealed two nucleotide substitutions resulting in an amino acid change between resistant and susceptible cultivars. This association was conserved across 27 resistant and nine susceptible rice lines in the Aus-Boro group.
 
 
 
Positional cloning identifies ''xa5'' in an 8.1-kb region containing ''TFIIAγ'' in the subtelomeric region of chromosome 5. The start codon, splice junctions, and 3′UTR of the ''TFIIγ''gene were defined by aligning a Nipponbare ''TFIIAγ'' cDNA (GI 32975200) to the IR24 (susceptible) BAC. This identified two nucleotide substitutions resulting in an amino acid substitution from valine to glutamic acid at position 39 in the resistant cultivar, a significant change from a hydrophobic to hydrophilic amino acid. Examination of the structure of ''TFIIAγ'' further showed that the variable amino acid at position 39 resided in a solvent-exposed surface, suggesting that it may play a role in protein-protein interactions (Bleichenbacher et al., 2003).This single amino acid change in ''TFIIAγ'' is consistent with the stable expression of this gene in both susceptible and resistant plants and leads to the hypothesis that it functions both as general transcription factor and as ''xa5''.
 
 
 
A single resistant haplotype conserved across all 27 resistant lines was found. There were two haplotypes among the 11 susceptible accessions, each of which carried nucleotides that would result in a valine at position 39. The ''japonica'' Nipponbare as well as four of the Aus-Boro lines contained the same susceptible haplotype as IR24, while five Aus-Boro lines had a silent mutation within the coding region(Iyer and McCouch, 2004).
 
 
 
 
===Evolution===
 
===Evolution===
 +
Genome analyses have revealed an approximately 10-fold greater number of
 +
non-RD receptor kinases in rice (328) than inArabidopsis (35). These results
 +
suggest that rice has a vastly expanded capacity to recognize conserved microbial
 +
signature molecules.
  
''xa5'' is a recessive, race-specific ''R'' gene that provides immunity to races of ''Xanthomonas oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'' expressing ''avrxa5'', the cognate avirulence gene to ''xa5''. ''X. oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'' causes rice bacterial blight, a severe disease in South and Southeast Asia. ''Avrxa5'' is likely to be a member of the ''AvrBs3'' family of proteins (Bai et al., 2000; Hopkins et al., 1992), which are usually characterized by nuclear localization signals and transcriptional activation domains (Bonas and Lahaye, 2002).
 
 
''xa5'' is a naturally occurring mutation that is most commonly found in the Aus-Boro group of rice (''Oryzae sativa L.'') varieties from the Bangladeshi region of Asia (Garris et al., 2003).There are over 20 resistance genes to ''X. oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'', three of which have been cloned (''Xa21,Xa1,'' and ''Xa26'') and fall into one of the five typical ''R'' gene classes (Song et al., 1995; Sun et al., 2004; Yoshimura et al., 1998). ''Xa21'' and ''Xa26'' both encode NBS-LRR proteins containing a kinase domain, while ''Xa1'' encodes a member of the NBS-LRR class.
 
 
''xa5'' does not resemble either of the two cloned recessive resistance genes in plants, ''mlo'' or ''RRS1-R''. In contrast to ''xa5'', resistance governed by barley mlois not race-specific (Buschges et al., 1997). Mutations in ''Mlo'' result in immunity to nearly all isolates of the fungal pathogen ''Erysiphe graminis'' f. sp. hordei. The ''RRS1-R'' gene from ''Arabidopsis'' provides resistance to several strains of ''Ralstonia solanacearum'' and encodes an NBSLRR protein with a WRKY motif characteristic of some plant transcription factors (Deslandes et al., 2002). The ''RRS1-R'' gene product physically interacts with its cognate protein PopP2 (Deslandes et al., 2003). Unlike ''xa5'', ''RRS1-R'' shares many characteristics with dominant ''R'' genes (Deslandes et al., 2003). For example, while genetically defined as recessive, ''RRS1-R'' behaves as a dominant gene in transgenic plants and is a member of the NBS-LRR ''R'' gene class.
 
  
 
==Labs working on this gene==
 
==Labs working on this gene==
Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia,Riverbend Research Laboratory, Room 162, Athens,GA 30602, USA
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*Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
 
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*Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Institute of Genomic Diversity, Plant Breeding Department,130 Biotechnology Building, Cornell University, USA
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*Division of Plant Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,Japan
 
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*Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
CIAT - International Center for Tropical Agriculture,A. A. 6713, Cali, Colombia, South America
 
 
 
Central Rice Research Institute (CRRI), Cuttack 753 006, India
 
 
 
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Banos, Philippines
 
 
 
College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University,Wuhan, 430072, P.R. China
 
 
 
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, 240 Emerson Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14853, USA
 
 
 
 
==References==
 
==References==
(1)A. S. Iyer-Pascuzzi;H. Jiang;L. Huang;and S. R. McCouch. Genetic and Functional Characterization of the Rice Bacterial Blight Disease Resistance Gene xa5. Phytopathology, 2008, 98(3): 289-295
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*Song, W.Y.et al.(1995) A receptor kinase-like protein encoded by the rice disease resistance gene, Xa21.Science270, 1804–1806
 
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*Dardick, C. and Ronald, P. (2006) Plant and animal pathogen recognition receptors signal through non-RD kinases.PLoS Pathog. 2, e2
(2)Anjali S. Iyer;and Susan R. McCouch. The Rice Bacterial Blight Resistance Gene xa5 Encodes a Novel Form of Disease Resistance. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 2004, 17(12): 1348-1354
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*Towb, P.et al.(2009) Tube Is an IRAK-4 homolog in a Toll pathway adapted for development and immunity.J. Innate Immun.1, 309–321
 
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*Park, C.J. et al. (2010) Elucidation of XA21-mediated innate immunity. Cell. Microbiol.12, 1017–1025
(3)Matthew W. Blair;Amanda J. Garris;Anjali S. Iyer;Brad Chapman;Stephen Kresovich;Susan R. McCouch. High resolution genetic mapping and candidate gene identification at the xa5 locus for bacterial blight resistance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107(1): 62-73
 
 
 
(4)Marella Lalitha Shanti; M. L. C. George; C. M. Vera Cruz; M. A. Bernardo; R. J. Nelson; H. Leung; J. N. Reddy and R. Sridhar. Identification of Resistance Genes Effective Against Rice Bacterial Blight Pathogen in Eastern India. Phytopathology, 2001, 85(5): 506-512
 
 
 
(5)D. Yang;A. Sanchez;G. S. Khush;Y. Zhu and N. Huang. Construction of a BAC contig containing the xa5 locus in rice. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1998, 97(7): 1120-1124
 
 
 
(6)M. W. Blair and S. R. McCouch. Microsatellite and sequence-tagged site markers diagnostic for the rice bacterial leaf blight resistance gene xa-5. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 95(1-2): 174-184
 
  
(7)V. Petpisit;Gurdev S. Khush and H. E. Kauffman. Inheritance of Resistance to Bacterial Blight in Rice. Crop Science, 1977, 17(4): 551-554
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==Structured information==
 
 
==Structured Information==
 
 
{{JaponicaGene|
 
{{JaponicaGene|
GeneName = Os05g0107700|
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GeneName = xa21|
Description = Transcription factor IIA small subunit (Transcription factor IIA gamma subunit)|
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Description =receptor kinase-like protein|
Version = NM_001060961.1 GI:115461652 GeneID:4337575|
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Version = AY885788.1   GI: 63098480|
Length = 6227 bp|
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Length = 1091bp|
Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os05g0107700, complete gene.|
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Definition = Oryza sativa (indica cultivar-group) isolate Xa21 receptor kinase-like protein(Xa21) gene, partial cds.|
Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group
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Chromosome = Chromosome 11|
 
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CDNA=
  ORGANISM  Oryza sativa Japonica Group
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<cdnaseq>TTGATAAGATCACAGGAAGCATTCCAAAGGATATTGGCAATCTTATTGGCTTACAACATCTCTATCTCTGCAACAACAATTTCAGAGGGTCTCTTCCATCATCGTTGGGCAGGCTTAGAAACTTAGGCATTCTAGTCGCCTACGAAAACAACTTGAGCGGTTCGATCCCATTGGCCATAGGAAATCTTACTGAACTTAATATCTTACTGCTCGGCACCAACAAATTCAGTGGTTGGATACCATACACACTCTCAAACCTCACAAACTTGTTGTCATTAGGCCTTTCAACTAATAACCTTAGTGGTCCAATACCCAGTGAATTATTCAATATTCAAACACTATCAATAATGATCAATGTATCAAAAAATAACTTGGAGGGATCAATACCACAAGAAATAGGGCATCTCAAAAATCTAGTAGAATTTCATGCAGAATCGAATAGATTATCAGGTAAAATCCCTAACACGCTTGGTGATTGCCAGCTCTTACGGTATCTTTATCTGCAAAATAATTTGTTATCTGGTAGCATCCCATCAGCCTTGGGTCAGCTGAAAGGTCTCGAAACTCTTGATCTCTCAAGCAACAATTTGTCAGGCCAGATACCCACATCCTTAGCAGATATTACTATGCTTCATTCCTTGAACCTTTCTTTCAACAGCTTTATGGGGGAAGTGCCAACCATTGGTGCTTTCGCAGATGCATCCGGGATCTCAATCCAAGGCAATGCCAAACTCTGTGGTGGAATACCTGATCTACATCTGCCTCGATGTTGTCCATTACTAGAGAATAGAAAACATTTCCCAGTTCTACCTATTTCTGTTTCTCTGGTCGCAGCACTGGCCATCCTCTCATCACTCTACTTGCTTATAACCTGGCACAAGAGAACTAAAAAGGGAGCCCCTTCAAGAACTTCCATGAAAGGCCACCCATTGGTCTCTTATTCGCAGTTGGTAAAAGCAACAGATGGTTTCGCGCCGACTAATTTGTTGGGTTCTGGATCATTTGGCTCAGTATACAAAGGAAAGCTTAATATCCAAGATCATTTGCAGTGAAGGTACTAAAGCTTGAAAATCCTAAGGCACTCAAGAGT</cdnaseq>|
            Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
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AA=
            Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
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<aaseq>DKITGSIPKDIGNLIGLQHLYLCNNNFRGSLPSSLGRLRNLGILVAYENNLSGSIPLAIGNLTELNILLL
            clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
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GTNKFSGWIPYTLSNLTNLLSLGLSTNNLSGPIPSELFNIQTLSIMINVSKNNLEGSIPQEIGHLKNLVE
|
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FHAESNRLSGKIPNTLGDCQLLRYLYLQNNLLSGSIPSALGQLKGLETLDLSSNNLSGQIPTSLADITML
Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 5|Chromosome 5]]|
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HSLNLSFNSFMGEVPTIGAFADASGISIQGNAKLCGGIPDLHLPRCCPLLENRKHFPVLPISVSLVAALA
AP = Chromosome 5:415085..421311|
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ILSSLYLLITWHKRTKKGAPSRTSMKGHPLVSYSQLVKATDGFAPTNLLGSGSFGSVYKGKLNIQDHVAVKVLKLENPKALKS</aaseq>|
CDS = 415426..415554,415649..415699,420795..420935|
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Source = Oryza sativa Indica Group  (long-grained rice)
GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
 
name=NC_008398:415085..421311
 
source=RiceChromosome05
 
preset=GeneLocation
 
</gbrowseImage1>|
 
GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
 
name=NC_008398:415085..421311
 
source=RiceChromosome05
 
preset=GeneLocation
 
</gbrowseImage2>|
 
CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggccaccttcgagctctaccggaggtccaccattggcatgtgcctcactgagacgctcgacgagatggtctccagcggcaccctcagcccggagctcgccattcaagttcttgtccagtttgataagtctatgacggaagccttggagaaccaagtcaagagcaaggtttctatcaagggccacctgcacacttacaggttctgtgacaatgtatggacattcatcttgactgaagcatcattcaagaacgaggagactacagaacaagttggcaaggtgaagattgtggcctgtgattccaaactactcagccaataa</cdnaseq>|
 
AA = <aaseq>MATFELYRRSTIGMCLTETLDEMVSSGTLSPELAIQVLVQFDKS                    MTEALENQVKSKVSIKGHLHTYRFCDNVWTFILTEASFKNEETTEQVGKVKIVACDSK                    LLSQ</aaseq>|
 
DNA = <dnaseqindica>342..470#565..615#5711..5851#gtctcctccgctcctcctctccttgcgccaacaagccgactcgcgatctccatcgggcaagaagagcagagcagagcaggggaggggatcctgcaggtgaccatcctctttctttctttctttctttctctgaattcatctctctctctcccaccgggactctctacttttgtctggaatttgctcgcgttcgttcgttaaccctagcttctcttctcttctcttctagatctggaagaagctcttaatttcagagccttaacctctcttaatactacaagtaacaacagttttgttgtttgttccccccaccccaaaaagtttaggcgcacgcatcgcccatggccaccttcgagctctaccggaggtccaccattggcatgtgcctcactgagacgctcgacgagatggtctccagcggcaccctcagcccggagctcgccattcaagttcttgtccagtttgataaggtatctactttaccatatctccttccacctattactatctatactattgaaaaattcgactcctcattttgtttgttatcatctatgtgattagtctatgacggaagccttggagaaccaagtcaagagcaaggtttctatcaaggtatctgctcttatcacggagttgccatgttgctgttcctacccccccaaaaaaaaccaagccttacttgtgctgtgcataactttaatctctatctgtttcgagcctactcattatttatgcttgagaactcatatgcgcttgtgatgtaatttctccagtgctagaattgatacacttggttgtggattcagcgttgccattcgattttcttttccgtacacaccttgctaaaggaatcaagtctaaaatttgtttcttgcatatattatattattattattattcataaaggaatccattcacgttcgacacgtacctgtcctgtgtacgctgctctgagttctgagggatattgcacaaactttatagtaatgagtaagcgagtaacagaattaagacctatcagcaacataatacacgggcataaccagacaaatcttgcacttatcacatatatgcttttattttttcggctgtacaagcatatttccacttatcttattttgcaacacatcaagtactccttgagttgctcagattccaagctgctcatctgtgtttggccccaaaaaaaaagaaaagaaagaaaaaccttttattggataaacaagcctgagaaatgtcaagatcttttcttgccagcataatcctcaccaaaatgaaattatgaataaagattagtgtcattctttctgatacccatgtagtttgttattctatggcatgatagagattcttttttgtttgtgaattgggggtaatcacagaaatggactgatatttttgcccaacaatgggtgacttgtttacgtatcttactgtaatccgctttactcctggccccttgccccttttttataaatggaagtcaaaagtatgcaaaatataggcaactcgcacattacaatagcctcagaccctaactaccacatcgcaaccatgtgcgagttaggaatgccacacccggatgtgtgtcctctatgcgatcaggaggagactatacagcatattttggtgacttgtgttttttcctggcaagtatggtttttaatcttccaaatggttggatgggcgctgcagcactgcaaccatcaatgaatcgcttgtctagctggtggttcaaaacagttaaggatactcctaaagaggtaaagaaagggctgaactctttgattatcctagtggcatgggaaatatggaagcatcgcaatgattgtgtcttcaatggtgcctccccgagaatctcggctgttttgcatgcagtggctagagagagttctctttggtgtactgctggagcaaaggcactcctcgaaattctgtgtgggttgctccccctggacggctagtttctcctagggggtgtttcggttgcacgtcgcgttccgtgatgtttttttgtgtttctgtaggggtcctttgggtcactcggttgtacaatttctcttcttaatgaaatgaatcgcagtcctcctgtggtttcgagaaaaaaaaactcacacattgcaatattgcccatattaaaacactgatttttccccataaaccaaaacaagaaataaagtaactaagtgaccctggtgtgtacatgtttattagaacttctttatctgcaatattgtgcaagagaaacaagccgcaaacagcgttggagctcaataacaaaccagtaatgatgctagaaaccgtaccaaacataagacggtactctgctagaaaccttttttttttgtgccaagaagcgacttgaccactcaacatctcaatttcccttctgatcacaagcaatctagggctcatcgctgggttcgtacgataatcacacttccctgttctccattcttgtcatagttcagtgctctgctcctctaactgtgcttgtagtatcaatcagtcctctgggccattcgtagacgcaacaggcagctcaccaagttcgggtgaatcgttttgtcgtgtttattcttgtcccattagtcactagatagttcagcactgttcttgttattctattgatgcatttgtatatgactcattttcacgaaaggtgcatcaagagcattatattactgtagctatgtagttgttatcggtgagctttgctccatgctaaaagagttgggctaaatctatagcatttaagaattagttatagctggaaagatcatgtttgtcttgtagattcgactacctgatagcagctatccacctggatgatgaacagatctgtccatgacaacctgctgggctatggtgcatgcatgcacccatgtgataagtatgtaaaacgctatcctagatatagttttgcaagaattgatctctattgctaccggagactagaaaggtgttatggattggctagggcaagggtccgaagaccgggggatatagcactcgccctctaatagcagaggcagggcttctccctgctgagctaaaagaggctatgaggcttagggctaactttagagattcattgattgattgataagagtacatggggtcactttatatatagggaggacaggcttgacatccaaggaactaatctctagtactacagaaaccagtccaatctctatctctaactttctaataaacctcatctctttcctaattagataatctcctacctatatatgagtaattcgtaatttatgatgcctaaactgctgcatgggcctggtccatgcccataacactacacccctcgcggacagatagtcttcgagcactagcagatatcttcttggaaagaacttcaatggtagcagtcggcaaatcatcaaagcgaagtttgatatttttcttgagttctggccaagtttgaattccgtaggctcgctcaatcaactcataccacattgcggcaaacctggtccggtggcttgatgcaatccaccacttctcttcctccataaattcgctgctcaacaaagaactgctcaatactctccaaccaaatttgcggatcatcctcaccattgaacgttgggagaggttcaaggtggcgaaatctccacatccaattgaaatccccgctgcacgccatcgagggtggagcatcagttggctctgataccaaatgttatggattggctagggtaagggtgcaaagactgggggatagggcactcgccctctaatagcagaggcagggcttcttcctgctgagctaagaggctctgaggcctagggctagctttagagattcattgattgattgattgataatgcagtacgtgggacccctttatatatagggaggacaggcttgatatccaaggaactaatatctagtaccatagaaaccagtgcaatctctatctctaactttctaatagacctcatctctttcctaactagataatctcctacctttatatgagtaattcctaatttataatgcctaaactgctgcatgggcctggtccatgcccataacaaaaggaggtaaacgctatcttatagcttctaaatacggcacacctttatcatccatttctagttttggcttatggaaaaatcttcagttaaagcatttatgatattacaaaattgcagatgacgttttgtcggcatctgaactctcgtgaatctgctgcttgccccttcttagttgttccttaagttgtttcggcctttccaatttagcagtacacttaatcctcatgatccaaccatggccatcaattttcaattttcaactctgagcactctcgaccaatctcccatcagctgggacctattcagctgtctaagacatacattcacaaaggagattgcatgttctgattttcatttttacttgtaaaatgtaatgtttgcatagccattttgtatgtttagcctgaaaatggttgaagcatagttaccagttcatttgttttggtgttttacctgataatgtccagtgtatgaagacatgcgataattgataaattcatatatccggccactcttttacaactgtcactgtgtgggtttaagaaatccctcttttgacaaaccgcagttctctttttcttttccaaagaattgttaatcccacactgaattgctgtattaggaagggatcacctctacaatatgtcatttatgatatgtggtgttgagatgttacgtgttctgttttatttttgacgaaaatgcaggagaactggcattccattaaccattagctaagaaatgtacatggttttatcagtcataaactggacttactattttagaatcatgaactagagttttgctaatggaaattttaccattttaaaaatcatgaactggagtttgaattaatctctgttttatttatttttgagtaaatttcataaaactacatatactttgcatgatctatcacaaaactatagatttaagaacttatttcacaaaactacaaatttaatgtcttcgtttatcacaaaactacaggtattttacacaatatatcacaaaactacagatttaagaacttgtttcacaaaactacagatttaatatcttcatttatcataaaactacaggtttagtgtcttcattatcacaaaactacaggttttagcattgtcaaaacctgtagttttgtgataatggagacactaaatttgtagttttgtgataaatgaagacactaaatgtgtagtcctatgataaacgaatacactaattctatagttttgtgaaacaagttcttaaatctgtagttttgtgatagattgtacaaagtacctgtagttttgtgataaacgggcatactaaatctgtagttttgtgaaacaagctcttaaatctgtagttttgtgataaattgtgcaaaatacatgtagttttgtgaaatttactctttatttttctaacttgctatcctgctccagaaattttccattctagttacatgagtttaagcctcttgtcattttggacgcaatgtcgaacagacctgtatttgatggattttttttgtttatttaagaataagttctctggtacagcttagatacgatggatgattgactaactttttgagcctgtatttcagatattttgtagctgggctgtttactgatgcatgttcttttctcagggccacctgcacacttacaggttctgtgacaatgtatggacattcatcttgactgaagcatcattcaagaacgaggagactacagaacaagttggcaaggtgaagattgtggcctgtgattccaaactactcagccaataaattgataactgcgaggtcagggtttgcctggtatttgttagtctcttctgctagacctggctccgcctgaagtgtactgtaccaccacattgtttgtttcataatcaatgtgtgtcaatacaatcgtatgtgctaccagagtatatcacagcagcaactgttttaatttgtatgcttatgtaattgttatgctactgctgtgttgataatgtgatataaatgactaaacgatgagtagtagaaattgtgcggagtcaccctcccccttcctcatttctgaaccctttggttctgtgtgactctttgtatgtaacatgaacaaatacctcctttcccgtcttttttttggatcctatgttaatggtacctttacatt</dnaseqindica>|
 
Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001060961.1 RefSeq:Os05g0107700]|
 
 
}}
 
}}
[[Category:Genes]]
 
[[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
 
[[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]]
 
[[Category:Japonica Genes]]
 
[[Category:Japonica Chromosome 5]]
 
[[Category:Chromosome 5]]
 

Revision as of 10:11, 29 May 2014

Annotated Information

Function

Xa21 encodes a receptor kinase carrying extracellular leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), as well as 
transmembrane (TM), juxtamembrane (JM) and intracellular non-RD (arginine - aspartate) kinase domains.
XA21-mediated immunity is activated upon recognition of a 194-amino acid protein designated Ax21 
(activator of XA21-mediated innate immunity). Non-RD kinases usually carry a cysteine or glycine in 
 place of the arginine and can induces inflammatory responses by both NLRs and TLRs. XA21 biogenesis occurs 
 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the phosphorylation state of XA21 is critical for XA21-mediated signaling. 

Localization

XA21 is a kind of transmembrane protein. 

Evolution

Genome analyses have revealed an approximately 10-fold greater number of 
non-RD receptor kinases in rice (328) than inArabidopsis (35). These results 
suggest that rice has a vastly expanded capacity to recognize conserved microbial
signature molecules.


Labs working on this gene

  • Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
  • Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
  • Division of Plant Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,Japan
  • Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan

References

  • Song, W.Y.et al.(1995) A receptor kinase-like protein encoded by the rice disease resistance gene, Xa21.Science270, 1804–1806
  • Dardick, C. and Ronald, P. (2006) Plant and animal pathogen recognition receptors signal through non-RD kinases.PLoS Pathog. 2, e2
  • Towb, P.et al.(2009) Tube Is an IRAK-4 homolog in a Toll pathway adapted for development and immunity.J. Innate Immun.1, 309–321
  • Park, C.J. et al. (2010) Elucidation of XA21-mediated innate immunity. Cell. Microbiol.12, 1017–1025

Structured information

Gene Name

xa21

Description

receptor kinase-like protein

Version

AY885788.1 GI: 63098480

Length

1091bp

Definition

Oryza sativa (indica cultivar-group) isolate Xa21 receptor kinase-like protein(Xa21) gene, partial cds.

Source

Oryza sativa Indica Group (long-grained rice)

Chromosome

Chromosome 11

Location

{{{AP}}}

Sequence Coding Region

{{{CDS}}}

Expression

GEO Profiles:xa21

Genome Context

{{{GCID}}}

Gene Structure

{{{GSID}}}

Coding Sequence

<cdnaseq>TTGATAAGATCACAGGAAGCATTCCAAAGGATATTGGCAATCTTATTGGCTTACAACATCTCTATCTCTGCAACAACAATTTCAGAGGGTCTCTTCCATCATCGTTGGGCAGGCTTAGAAACTTAGGCATTCTAGTCGCCTACGAAAACAACTTGAGCGGTTCGATCCCATTGGCCATAGGAAATCTTACTGAACTTAATATCTTACTGCTCGGCACCAACAAATTCAGTGGTTGGATACCATACACACTCTCAAACCTCACAAACTTGTTGTCATTAGGCCTTTCAACTAATAACCTTAGTGGTCCAATACCCAGTGAATTATTCAATATTCAAACACTATCAATAATGATCAATGTATCAAAAAATAACTTGGAGGGATCAATACCACAAGAAATAGGGCATCTCAAAAATCTAGTAGAATTTCATGCAGAATCGAATAGATTATCAGGTAAAATCCCTAACACGCTTGGTGATTGCCAGCTCTTACGGTATCTTTATCTGCAAAATAATTTGTTATCTGGTAGCATCCCATCAGCCTTGGGTCAGCTGAAAGGTCTCGAAACTCTTGATCTCTCAAGCAACAATTTGTCAGGCCAGATACCCACATCCTTAGCAGATATTACTATGCTTCATTCCTTGAACCTTTCTTTCAACAGCTTTATGGGGGAAGTGCCAACCATTGGTGCTTTCGCAGATGCATCCGGGATCTCAATCCAAGGCAATGCCAAACTCTGTGGTGGAATACCTGATCTACATCTGCCTCGATGTTGTCCATTACTAGAGAATAGAAAACATTTCCCAGTTCTACCTATTTCTGTTTCTCTGGTCGCAGCACTGGCCATCCTCTCATCACTCTACTTGCTTATAACCTGGCACAAGAGAACTAAAAAGGGAGCCCCTTCAAGAACTTCCATGAAAGGCCACCCATTGGTCTCTTATTCGCAGTTGGTAAAAGCAACAGATGGTTTCGCGCCGACTAATTTGTTGGGTTCTGGATCATTTGGCTCAGTATACAAAGGAAAGCTTAATATCCAAGATCATTTGCAGTGAAGGTACTAAAGCTTGAAAATCCTAAGGCACTCAAGAGT</cdnaseq>

Protein Sequence

<aaseq>DKITGSIPKDIGNLIGLQHLYLCNNNFRGSLPSSLGRLRNLGILVAYENNLSGSIPLAIGNLTELNILLL GTNKFSGWIPYTLSNLTNLLSLGLSTNNLSGPIPSELFNIQTLSIMINVSKNNLEGSIPQEIGHLKNLVE FHAESNRLSGKIPNTLGDCQLLRYLYLQNNLLSGSIPSALGQLKGLETLDLSSNNLSGQIPTSLADITML HSLNLSFNSFMGEVPTIGAFADASGISIQGNAKLCGGIPDLHLPRCCPLLENRKHFPVLPISVSLVAALA ILSSLYLLITWHKRTKKGAPSRTSMKGHPLVSYSQLVKATDGFAPTNLLGSGSFGSVYKGKLNIQDHVAVKVLKLENPKALKS</aaseq>

Gene Sequence

{{{DNA}}}

External Link(s)

NCBI Gene:xa21, {{{Link}}}