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| | ==Annotated Information== | | ==Annotated Information== |
| | ===Function=== | | ===Function=== |
| − | ATP synthase consists of two distinct parts, a hydrophilic F1 part which contains the nucleotide-binding site and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis, and a hydrophobic F0 part which channels protons through the membrane. atp6 is a unit of F0 and coded by atp6 gene. Besides, the atp6 gene is encoded in mitochondrial genome, and has about 1000 base pairs. Most researches show atp6 gene is related to male sterility--Plants that fail to produce fertile pollen grains. The CMS phenotype has been related to a homologous recombination hotspot domain in the atp6 gene, with a conserved sequence of 7 base pair 5’-TTCCCTC-3’ which can induce the formation of chimeric gene in mitochondrial DNA<ref name="ref1"/>. In rice, the [BO] type of CMS has been shown to be associated with an additional chimeric gene urfrmc which consists of the 5’ flanking noncoding region of atp6. Akagi et al. report that recombination events around some mitochondrial genes specially atp6, are involved in causing male sterility in Chinsurah BoroII type of CMS in rice<ref name="ref2"/>. What’s more, the function of atp6 gene is probably related to several abiotic stresses from salts, drought, and cold. Zhang et al. find that over-expression of atp6 gene in rice increases the resistance to carbonate stress, and over-expression of atp6 gene in transgenic yeast and Arabidopsis plants increased the resistance to salts, drought, oxidative and cold stresses<ref name="ref3"/>.
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| | ===Expression=== | | ===Expression=== |
| − | The calculated molecular weight of atp6 gene encoding protein is 6.578kDa, and it is rice mitochondrial ATP synthase 6kDa subunit, the predicted intracellular localization sites is in mitochondrial intermembrane space. Under various stresses, the expression of atp6 gene is up-regulated, Zhang et al. find the expression of atp6 gene in Arabidopsis suspension-cultured cells is induced by several abiotic stresses from salts, drought, and cold. Besides, under the carbonate stress, the atp6 gene is expressed in rice leaves and roots<ref name="ref3"/>. On the other hand, Sweetlove et al. find that atp6 gene expression is decreased by the oxidants H2O2 and Paraquat<ref name="ref4"/>.
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| | ===Evolution=== | | ===Evolution=== |
| − | The protein encoded by atp6 gene is a part of F0 of the mitochondrial ATP synthase. The amino acid sequences of this protein in rice share 84% and 72% amino acid identity with that of in Arabidopsis and potato<ref name="ref3"/>.
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| | ==Labs working on this gene== | | ==Labs working on this gene== |
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| | ==References== | | ==References== |
| − | [1]Ramin Hosseini. The possible role of atp6 gene in cytoplasmic male sterility in WA (Wild Abortive) type of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Iranian Journal of Biotechnology. 2010(8):117-120.
| + | Please input cited references here. |
| − | [2]Akagi H, Sakamoto M, Shinjyo C, Shima da H, Fujimara T. A unique sequence located downstream from the rice mitochondrial atp6 may cause male sterility. Curr Genet.1994(25):52-58.
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| − | [3]Xinxin Zhang, Shenkui Liu, Tetsuo Takano. Overexpression of a mitochondrial ATP synthase small subunit gene (AtMtATP6) confers tolerance to several abiotic stresses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana. Biotechnol Lett[J].2008(30):1289-1294.
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| − | [4]Sweetlove L J, Heazlewood J L, Herald V, Holtzapffel R, Day D A, Leaver C J, Millar A H. The impact of oxidative stress on Arabidopsis mitochondria. Plant J. 2002(32):891-904.
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| | ==Structured Information== | | ==Structured Information== |
| − | {{Mitochondrion|
| + | [[Category:Genes]][[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]][[Category:Japonica Mitochondrion]] |
| − | GeneName = atp6|
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| − | Description = ATP synthase F0 subunit 6|
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| − | Version = GeneID:6450195|
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| − | Length = 1005 bp|
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| − | Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group ''atp6'', Mitochondrion gene.|
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| − | Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group
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| − | ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
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| − | Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
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| − | Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
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| − | clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
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| − | Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Mitochondrion|Mitochondrion]]|
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| − | AP = Mitochondrion:225271..226275|
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| − | CDS = 225271..226275|
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| − | GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
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| − | name=NC_011033:225271..226275
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| − | source=Rice_Japonica_Mitochondrion
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| − | preset=GeneLocation
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| − | </gbrowseImage1>|
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| − | GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
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| − | name=NC_011033:225271..226275
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| − | source=Rice_Japonica_Mitochondrion
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| − | preset=GeneLocation
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| − | </gbrowseImage2>|
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| − | AA = <aaseq>MNFDYNHVVIMGLNQRDSIWKLLNDYNVNSLKRRRQAEIDAFFEPFERAQRIRFNNWQNGIELLDGAEWRNGDIVIPGGGGPVISSPLDQFFIDPLFGLDMGNFYLSFTNESLFMAVTVVLVLSLFGVVTKKGGGKLVPNAWQSLVELIYDFVLNLVNEQIGGNVKQKFFPCILVTFTFSLFCNLQGMIPFSFTVTSHFLITLALSFSIFIGITIVGFQRHGLHFFSFLLPAGVPLPLAPFLVLLELISYCFRALSLGIRLFANMMAGHSLVKILSGFAWTMLFLNNIFYFIGDLGPLFIVLALTGLELGVAILQAYVFTILICIYLNDAINLH</aaseq>|
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| − | DNA = <dnaseqindica>1..1005#atgaatttcgatcacaatcatgtggtaataatgggtttgaatcagagagactcgatctggaaactcctcaatgattataacgtgaactcgttgaagagaaggagacaagcagaaatagacgctttttttgaaccatttgagagggcgcagcgtatccgtttcaataactggcagaacggaatagagttgttagatggggctgaatggaggaacggcgatatagttatccctggaggcggcggaccagtaatttcaagccccttggatcaatttttcattgatccattatttggtcttgatatgggtaacttttatttatcattcacaaatgaatccttgtctatggcggtaactgtcgttttggtgccatctttatttggagttgttacgaaaaagggcgggggaaagtcagtgccaaatgcatggcaatccttggtagagcttatttatgatttcgtgctgaacctggtaaacgaacaaataggtggaaatgttaaacaaaagtttttccctcgcatctcggtcacttttactttttcgttatttcgtaatccccagggtatgataccctttagcttcacagtgacaagtcattttctcattactttggctctttcattttccatttttataggcattacgatcgttggatttcaaagacatgggcttcatttttttagcttcttattaccagcgggagtcccactgccattagcaccttttttagtactccttgagctaatctctcattgttttcgtgcattaagctcaggaatacgtttatttgctaatatgatggccggtcatagttcagtaaagattttaagtgggttcgcttggactatgctatttctgaataatattttctatttcataggagatcttggtcccttatttatagttctagcattaaccggtctggaattaggtgtagctatattacaagctcatgtttctacgatctcaatttgtatttacttgaatgatgctataaatctccatcaa</dnaseqindica>|
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| − | Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?term=6450195 NCBI Gene:atp6]
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| − | }}
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| − | [[Category:Genes]] | |
| − | [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
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| − | [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]] | |
| − | [[Category:Japonica Genes]] | |
| − | [[Category:Japonica Mitochondrion]]
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| − | [[Category:Mitochondrion]]
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