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| − | '''''OsDERF1''''' (''drought-responsive ERF genes 1'') is a '''novel putative ERF protein''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.
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| | ==Annotated Information== | | ==Annotated Information== |
| | ===Function=== | | ===Function=== |
| − | [[File: OsDERF1 Function1.jpg|right|thumb|300px|'''Figure 1.''' ''OsDERF1 transcriptionally regulates drought response in rice.(from reference <ref name="ref1"/>).'']]
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| − | *''OsDERF1'' '''negatively regulates drought stress''' through '''affecting osmolyte accumulation''' in rice. ''OsDERF1'' '''directly interacted with GCC box''' in ''OsERF3'' and ''OsAP2-39'' genes to activate the genes expression(Figure 1)<ref name="ref1"/>.
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| − | *Transcriptional activation of ''OsDERF1'' in ''OsERF3'' and ''OsAP2-39'' '''negatively regulates ethylene biosynthesis'''. '''ACC application''' partially recovers the drought tolerance of ''OsDERF1''-targeted ''OsERF3''(Figure 1). ''OsDERF1'' can not only '''activate''' the expression of '''rice ERF repressors''', but can also '''up-regulate''' the expression of ''OsGSK1'', ''OsPP2C'', ''OsABI5'' and ''OsGA2ox1''<ref name="ref1"/>.
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| − | *ERF protein OsDERF1 as a '''transcriptional activator''' directly interacts with GCC box, resulting in the expression of rice repressors ''OsERF3'' and ''OsAP2-39'' (Figure 1). These repressors further '''suppress the expression''' of '''ethylene synthesis-related genes''', possibly interacting with GCC box and DRE, thereby reducing ethylene production. The decreased ethylene production disorders the hormone balance, subsequently affecting osmotic adjustment and drought response in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.
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| − | ===Mutation===
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| − | OE and RI<ref name="ref1"/>：
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| − | *Overexpression of ''OsDERF1'' (OE)
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| − | *RNA interference ''OsDERF1'' rice/knockdown of ''OsDERF1''(RI)
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| − | *RI '''seedling''' significantly '''decreased''' while OE lines '''enhanced malondialdehyde''' (MDA) '''accumulation under PEG treatment''', an end product of membrane lipid peroxidation, indicating that ''OsDERF1'' '''positive affects the production of oxidative stress'''.
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| − | *OE seedlings had '''reduced expression''' (while RI lines showed '''enhanced expression''') of '''ethylene synthesis genes''', thereby resulting in '''changes in ethylene production'''.
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| − | *OE led to '''reduced tolerance to drought''' stress in rice at '''seedling stage''', while RI expression conferred '''enhanced tolerance''' at '''seedling''' and '''tillering stages'''. This regulation was supported by negative modulation in osmotic adjustment response.
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| − | *Interestingly, 979 genes showed '''two fold increases''' in OE lines compared to Nipponbare, suggesting that overexpression of ''OsDERF1'' can '''activate''' the expression of a large number of genes.
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| | ===Expression=== | | ===Expression=== |
| − | *The expression of ''OsDERF1'' is '''induced by dehydration''', '''ABA''' and '''ethylene precursor ACC'''<ref name="ref1"/>:
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| − | **The expression of ''OsDERF1'' was '''highly induced by ACC''' treatment at 1 h, and reached maximum induction at 2 h, then '''decreased'''.
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| − | **The transcripts of ''OsDERF1'' in '''response to dehydration''' were '''quickly peaked''' at 0.5 h then '''decreased'''. Interestingly, the transcripts of ''OsDERF1'' showed a second increase and peaked after dehydration induction for 3 h.
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| − | **The expression of ''OsDERF1'' obviously '''increased''' and '''peaked''' after '''ABA treatment''' for 1 h.
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| − | **''OsDERF1'' expression '''did not significantly alter''' when seedlings were subjected to salt and cold, indicating that ''OsDERF1'' might be '''associated with ethylene'''- and '''ABA-related drought response'''.
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| − | *Overexpression of ''OsERF3''/''OsAP2-39'' '''suppressed ethylene synthesis'''. The transcripts of ''OsDERF1'' were '''highly expressed in seedling roots''' and '''sheaths''', compared to seedling leaves, whereas the expression of ''OsDERF1'' was '''mainly detected in leaves''', '''sheaths''', '''stems''', and in '''flowers''' during '''flowering stages''', indicating that the ''OsDERF1'' might '''mainly function''' at the '''tissues''' as the '''transcriptional expression'''<ref name="ref1"/>.
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| − | ===Subcellular localization===
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| − | ''OsDERF1'' is '''a nuclear-localized protein'''<ref name="ref1"/>.
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| | ===Evolution=== | | ===Evolution=== |
| − | ''OsDERF1'' located in rice '''chromosome 8''', '''encodes''' a 243-amino-acid protein with predicted molecular mass of 23.8 kDa. Amino acid analysis indicated that the putative protein '''contains a typical ERF/AP2 domain''' at 26–91th amino acids, an '''activation domain''' at 161–180th amino acids, and a '''nuclear localization signal''' at 25–34th amino acids. The '''conserved protein sequence''' implies that ''OsDERF1'' might have '''an important regulatory role''' in rice<ref name="ref1"/>.
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| − | ===Knowledge Extension===
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| − | *Transcription factors are important among the stress-responsive genes, and their protein products are known to regulate the expression of other stress-responsive genes via binding to the regulatory elements. Among the plant transcription factors, '''ethylene response factor''' ('''ERF''') is one of the '''largest subfamilies of Apetala2 (AP2)/ERF transcription factor family''' and is characterized with single AP2 domain<ref name="ref2"/>.
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| − | *'''ERFs''' are a double-edged sword; though most of the ERFs are activators of stress-responsive genes, certain ERF could act as repressor, and this phenomenon of ERF has been well discussed in this review. ERFs are important in plant stress management and complexity in regulation of ERF expression in response to various stresses<ref name="ref2"/>.
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| | ==Labs working on this gene== | | ==Labs working on this gene== |
| − | *Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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| − | *National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
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| − | *National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Beijing, China
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| | ==References== | | ==References== |
| − | <references>
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| − | * <ref name="ref1">
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| − | Wan L, Zhang J, Zhang H, et al. Transcriptional activation of OsDERF1 in OsERF3 and OsAP2-39 negatively modulates ethylene synthesis and drought tolerance in rice[J]. PLoS One, 2011, 6(9): e25216.
| + | ==Structured Information== |
| − | </ref>
| + | [[Category:Genes]][[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]][[Category:Japonica Chromosome 08]] |
| − | * <ref name="ref2">
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| − | Thirugnanasambantham K, Durairaj S, Saravanan S, et al. Role of Ethylene Response Transcription Factor (ERF) and Its Regulation in Response to Stress Encountered by Plants[J]. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 2014: 1-11.
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| − | </ref>
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| − | </references>
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