Os01g0757200

Gibberellin 2-oxidases (GA2oxs) regulate plant growth by inactivating endogenous bioactive gibberellins (GAs).

Annotated Information

Function

The members of the rice (Oryza sativa) GA2ox family are differentially regulated and act in concert or individually to control GA levels during flowering, tillering, and seed germination.
The severe dwarf mutant M77777, designated as GA2ox3ACT,carries a T-DNA insertion at a position 587 bp upstream of the translation start codon of GA2ox3 (Figure 5A). Accumulation of GA2ox3 mRNA was significantly enhanced in the heterozygous mutant. The GA2ox3ACT mutant did not produce seeds and was therefore maintained and propagated vegetatively.

Expression

Genes GA2ox3 was differentially expressed in leaves, and its expression was also temporally regulated (Figure 3B). GA2ox3 accumulation of its mRNAs in leaves was detected prior to the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth phases.Since expression of most GA2oxs terminated after the active tillering stage, the pattern of tiller growth throughout the rice life cycle was examined. Tiller number increased from 30 to 50 DAI (active tillering), remained constant until 75 DAI, and then increased again until 90 DAI (late tillering)when the experiment was terminated (Figure 3C). Expression of each group of GA2oxs paralleled the active and late tillering stages (cf. Figures 3B with 3C). Germination was observed from 1 DAI and reached almost 100% at 2 DAI (Figure 4A). The accumulation of most GA2ox mRNAs was detectable starting from 0 to 1 DAI and maintained at similar levels afterward, except that of GA2ox5 and GA2ox9 was moderately reduced at 2 DAI (Figure 4B).

'Figure 3. Differential Expression of Two Groups of GA2oxs Regulates Flower and Tiller Development.(B) Temporal expression patterns of GA2oxs in rice. The last fully expanded leaves were collected from rice plants at different developmental stages. Total RNA was isolated and analyzed by RT-PCR using GA2ox and GA3ox2 gene-specific primers (see Supplemental Table 4 online). The 18S rRNA gene (rRNA) was used as a control.'

'Figure 4. C20 GA2oxs Could Be Responsible for Regulating Seed Germination.(B) Expression patterns of GA2oxs in rice seedlings between 0 and ;5 DAI. Total RNA was isolated from embryos at each time point and analyzed by RT-PCR. The 18S rRNA gene (rRNA) was used as a control.'

'Figure 3. Differential Expression of Two Groups of GA2oxs Regulates Flower and Tiller Development.(C) Tiller development during the life cycle of rice. A total of eight plants were used for counting tiller number, and error bars indicate the SE of the mean at each time point.'

'Figure 4. C20 GA2oxs Could Be Responsible for Regulating Seed Germination.(A) Germination rate of rice seeds reached 100% at 2 DAI.'

Evolution

'Figure 2. Phylogenetic Tree Based on the Comparison of Plant GA2oxs.Amino acid sequences of 29 GA2oxs from nine plant species (see Supplemental Table 3 online). Plant species: At, Arabidopsis thaliana;Cm, Cucurbita maxima; Ls, Lactuca sativa; Nt, Nicotiana sylvestris; Pc,Phaseolus coccineus; PaPt, Populus alba 3 P. tremuloides; Ps, Pisum sativum; So, Spinacia oleracea. The scale value of 0.1 indicates 0.1 amino acid substitutions per site'

Labs working on this gene

• Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China
• Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Republic of China
• Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Republic of China
• Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University,East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1312

References

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