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| − | Please input one-sentence summary here.
| + | The rice gene Os10g0471100 was reported as '''''Wda1''''' in 2004<ref name="ref1" /> by researchers from Germany and Korea. |
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| | ==Annotated Information== | | ==Annotated Information== |
| | + | ===Gene Symbol=== |
| | + | *'''''Os10g0471100 <=> Wda1, wda1, OS-CER1, OsGL1-5 |
| | + | |
| | ===Function=== | | ===Function=== |
| − | Wax-deficient anther1 (Wda1), a rice homolog of Arabidopsis CER1, is a male-sterile mutant of rice, that was generated through T-DNA insertional mutation, and is preferentially expressed in epidermis of various floral organs, including Anthers. This mutant shows morphological changes in its pollen and anther walls as well as alterations in its wax composition. Wda1 mutant shows defects in the biosynthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids in both layers of anthers. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that epicuticular wax crystals were absent in the outer layer of the anther and that microspore development was severely retarded and finally disrupted as a result of defective pollen exine formation in the mature anthers. Biochemical analysis of the wda1 mutant anthers showed that the levels of very-long-chain alkanes, alkens, fatty acids, and primary alchols are severely reduced.
| + | * '''''Wda1''''' encodes a protein with high similarity to proteins involved in wax production |
| | + | ===Mutation=== |
| | + | [[File:Os10g0471100-1.png|right|thumb|150px|'''Figure 1. Comparison of wild-type (left) and wda1 knockout (right) plants after bolting.''' '' <ref name="ref1" />.'']] |
| | + | * '''''wda1''''' mutants show significant defects in the biosynthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids in both layers. |
| | + | * Scanning electron microscopy analyses showed that epicuticular wax crystals were absent in the outer layer of the anther and that microspore development was severely retarded and finally disrupted as a result of defective pollen exine formation in the mutant anthers. These biochemical and developmental defects in tapetum found in wda1 mutants are earlier events than those in other male-sterile mutants, which showed defects of lipidic molecules in exine. |
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| − | ===Expression=== | + | ===Expression === |
| − | Wda1 is strongly expressed in the epidermal cells of rice anthers. Wda1 transcript is abundant during flowering stages.Because the GUS gene located in T-DNA was fused to Wda1, the level and pattern of expression of the fusion gene could be assayed for GUS activity. Experiments have showed temporal and spatial expression patterns of the Wda1-GUS fusion product in heterozygous spikelets at various flowering stages(Fig.1). High levels of GUS activity were observed in spikelets from the premeiosis stage to the heading stage (Fig. 1A and 1K ). GUS activity was also prominent in the outer and inner epidermis (Fig. 1H) and trichomes (Fig. 1G) of the palea/lemma, lodicules (Fig. 1C, 1E, 1F, and 1I), stigmas (Fig. 1C), and anthers (Fig. 1C, 1D, 1I, and 1J). Cross sections of heterozygotic anthers at the vacuolated pollen stage revealed that GUS was expressed strongly in the epidermis but only weakly in the tapetum, endothecium, and connective tissue (Fig. 1J). In vegetative tissue, GUS activity was mostly absent except at collar regions (between the leaf sheath and the leaf blade) and the base of shoots. Semiquantitative RT-PCR analyses have been performed to examine whether GUS activity truly represented Wda1 expression patterns. Wda1 was highly expressed in panicles at various developmental stages (Fig. 1K) but only very weakly in the roots and shoots of 7-d-old seedlings. Only low transcript levels were detected in the developing seeds and flag leaves. In developing spikelets, transcript was detected in all floral organs (Fig. 1K and 1L), but it was barely detectable in the wda1 anthers (Fig. 1L). LOC_Os02g40780, which is the most similar rice gene to Wda1, was also expressed throughout panicle development. However, its expression was much higher in the shoots and flag leaves. In mature spikelets, transcript levels were low in the anthers and palea/lemma and barely detectable in the ovaries and lodicules (Fig. 1L). These results indicate that Wda1 functions primarily in the panicles, especially in the reproductive organs, whereas LOC_Os02g40780 may play roles in both vegetative and reproductive organs. | + | * '''''Wda1''''' gene is strongly expressed in the epidermal cells of anthers. |
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| | ===Evolution=== | | ===Evolution=== |
| − | Phylogenic analysis suggests that WDA1 is likely involved in VLCFA metabolism. | + | [[File:Os10g0471100-2.png|center|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2. Phylogenic analysis of proteins similar to WDA1.''' '' <ref name="ref1" />.'']] |
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| | You can also add sub-section(s) at will. | | You can also add sub-section(s) at will. |
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| | ==Labs working on this gene== | | ==Labs working on this gene== |
| − | Please input related labs here.
| + | * National Research Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea |
| | + | * Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany |
| | + | * Department of Molecular Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Breeding Research, D-50829 Ko¨ ln, Germany |
| | + | * Center for Plant Intracellular Trafficking and Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea |
| | + | * Functional Genomic Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea |
| | + | ==References== |
| | + | <references> |
| | + | * <ref name="ref1"> |
| | + | Jung KH, Han MJ, Lee DY, Lee YS, Schreiber L, Franke R, Faust A, Yephremov A, |
| | + | Saedler H, Kim YW, Hwang I, An G. Wax-deficient anther1 is involved in cuticle |
| | + | and wax production in rice anther walls and is required for pollen development. |
| | + | Plant Cell. 2006 Nov;18(11):3015-32. PubMed PMID: 17138699; PubMed Central PMCID: |
| | + | PMC1693940. |
| | + | |
| | + | </ref> |
| | + | </references> |
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| − | ==References==
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| − | Please input cited references here.
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| | ==Structured Information== | | ==Structured Information== |
| − | {{JaponicaGene|
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| − | GeneName = Os10g0471100|
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| − | Description = Sterol desaturase family protein|
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| − | Version = NM_001071361.1 GI:115482465 GeneID:4348869|
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| − | Length = 5861 bp|
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| − | Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os10g0471100, complete gene.|
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| − | Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group
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| − | ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
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| − | Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
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| − | Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
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| − | clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
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| − | |
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| − | Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 10|Chromosome 10]]|
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| − | AP = Chromosome 10:17906207..17912067|
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| − | CDS = 17906494..17906655,17906746..17906922,17907019..17907117,17907202..17907402,17907731..17907838<br>,17907926..17908307,17908870..17909089,17910772..17911004,17911137..17911360<br>,17911825..17911884|
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| − | GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
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| − | name=NC_008403:17906207..17912067
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| − | source=RiceChromosome10
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| − | preset=GeneLocation
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| − | </gbrowseImage1>|
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| − | GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
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| − | name=NC_008403:17906207..17912067
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| − | source=RiceChromosome10
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| − | preset=GeneLocation
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| − | </gbrowseImage2>|
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| − | CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggccacaaacccaggactcttcacggagtggccatggaagaagcttggcagcttcaagtacgtgttgctggcgccgtgggtagcgcacgggtggtatgaggtggcgaccaaggggtggcgggaggtggatctcgggtacatcgccatcctcccgtcgttgctgctgcggatgctgcacaaccaagcctggatcaccatctcccgcctccaaaacgcccgtggccgccgccagattgttcgccgcggcatcgagttcgaccaggttgaccgcgagaggaactgggacgaccagatcatcctgagcggtatcctactatacctcggcgcactgtacgtaccgggcgggcaacacttaccgctgtggaggacggatggcgcggggctgatcgccttgctgcatgcggggccagtggagttcctctactactggttccatcgtgcgttgcaccaccactttctctacacccactaccactcgcaccaccactcttcaatcgtcactgagcccatcacatccgtcatccatccgtttgctgagctcgttgcctacgaattgctcttctcgatcccactgatcgcctgtgccttgactggaactgcttccataattgcattcgagatgtatttgatttacattgatttcatgaacaacatggggcactgcaacttcgagttggtacccagctggctcttcacatggttccctcctctcaagtatctcatgtacacgccatcgtttcattctctgcaccacactcagtttcggacaaactactcccttttcatgccgttctacgattatatctacaacaccatggacaagtcatcagacactctgtatgagaactcactgaaaaacaatgaggaagaagaagcagtggatgtggttcaccttacacacctgaccaccctgcattccatctaccacatgaggcccggtttcgccgaatttgcgtccaggccctacgtttccaggtggtacatgaggatgatgtggcctctgtcatggctctccatggtgctgacatggacgtacggttcttcattcactgttgagaggaatgtcatgaagaagatcaggatgcagtcatgggccataccaagatacagtttccattatggattggattgggagaaggaagctatcaatgatcttatcgaaaaggcggtatgtgaagctgacaagaatggggctaaagttgtaagccttggactcctgaatcaggcacataccctgaataaaagtggagaacaatatctgctgaaatacccaaagttgggagcaagaattgtcgatggaaccagcttagctgctgcagtggttgtcaacagtatcccccaaggcacagaccaagtaattcttgcaggaaatgtttccaaggtggcgcgtgctgtagcgcaagcattatgcaagaaaaatatcaaagtcacgatgacaaacaagcaagattatcatttactcaagccagaaataccagaaactgtagctgacaatctttcgttttcgaaaacaggcaccgcaaaggtttggttaattggtgatggtctagattctgctgaacaattcagagcacagaaaggaactctgtttatcccatactcacaatttcctccaaagatggtacgcaaggacagctgcagctactcgacaactcctgcaatggctgtaccaaaaacgctgcagaatgtgcattcatgcgagaattggctgccaaggagggttatgagcgcatggcgaatcgcgggaattcttcatgcgttggagggatggaatgagcatgaatgtggtgacaaggtgcttgatatggacaaagtttggtctgctgcaattatgcatgggttctgcccagttgctcaaggttga</cdnaseq>|
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| − | AA = <aaseq>MATNPGLFTEWPWKKLGSFKYVLLAPWVAHGWYEVATKGWREVD LGYIAILPSLLLRMLHNQAWITISRLQNARGRRQIVRRGIEFDQVDRERNWDDQIILS GILLYLGALYVPGGQHLPLWRTDGAGLIALLHAGPVEFLYYWFHRALHHHFLYTHYHS HHHSSIVTEPITSVIHPFAELVAYELLFSIPLIACALTGTASIIAFEMYLIYIDFMNN MGHCNFELVPSWLFTWFPPLKYLMYTPSFHSLHHTQFRTNYSLFMPFYDYIYNTMDKS SDTLYENSLKNNEEEEAVDVVHLTHLTTLHSIYHMRPGFAEFASRPYVSRWYMRMMWP LSWLSMVLTWTYGSSFTVERNVMKKIRMQSWAIPRYSFHYGLDWEKEAINDLIEKAVC EADKNGAKVVSLGLLNQAHTLNKSGEQYLLKYPKLGARIVDGTSLAAAVVVNSIPQGT DQVILAGNVSKVARAVAQALCKKNIKVTMTNKQDYHLLKPEIPETVADNLSFSKTGTA KVWLIGDGLDSAEQFRAQKGTLFIPYSQFPPKMVRKDSCSYSTTPAMAVPKTLQNVHS CENWLPRRVMSAWRIAGILHALEGWNEHECGDKVLDMDKVWSAAIMHGFCPVAQG</aaseq>|
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| − | DNA = <dnaseqindica>5413..5574#5146..5322#4951..5049#4666..4866#4230..4337#3761..4142#2979..3198#1064..1296#708..931#184..243#atatgagactctgacacgtacgcacagctagatcgaagccctggtcgagtttataaattgagatatatccgtcctccattctcaggccagttcttgcaagactcttgccgtgttgagactgcagaaacgagagctagctagccagaggctgcaagaagattctgcacccatagatcgtctaccatggccacaaacccaggactcttcacggagtggccatggaagaagcttggcagcttcaaggtaatcaaaattaaccttccatcttcttctccttaattcagttacttcactgtcttctggcagctcgatcgagcaaataaacgcacagcttctagttccatccatggcagcactgcaccatgaccattatgttcttgtttgagttcgctagcttctgtttgatatcaaagcatacattgccgcatgtgcagctagcagtgcatgagattaattctcttgcatctgctgcagatcagtaatgcaggggcatgaactttcctgcagcacctctgtgcagcaaataaactgttaaagagtacatggttaaataagcttttgccacatcgtctttgattaggcaaaaacattcagtatacacaacttccgacctttacaaattacaacagtaacttcagctataaattatagcacatgtgagttaattcgatggatggattcatgcatgtatatgtgtgcatatgcagtacgtgttgctggcgccgtgggtagcgcacgggtggtatgaggtggcgaccaaggggtggcgggaggtggatctcgggtacatcgccatcctcccgtcgttgctgctgcggatgctgcacaaccaagcctggatcaccatctcccgcctccaaaacgcccgtggccgccgccagattgttcgccgcggcatcgagttcgaccaggttgaccgcgagaggaactggtatgccaaacaccataaaattacgtacaacccacgcggtgtgttcgtggcggctagcttcaccttcgagattaattaattcaacctcattatagttgatgtgttgttacgtgtatggtggtgtgcgtgcagggacgaccagatcatcctgagcggtatcctactatacctcggcgcactgtacgtaccgggcgggcaacacttaccgctgtggaggacggatggcgcggggctgatcgccttgctgcatgcggggccagtggagttcctctactactggttccatcgtgcgttgcaccaccactttctctacacccactaccactcgcaccaccactcttcaatcgtcactgagcccatcacatgtacgtaattaattgccactagagacggtttatcctcgaggctccaaacattacattctcttttaggcaataacctttgagcttctatattagtatcgaattgtgttgcgtcataaatatttttacaaaatttttattcatcatctaaagttatcaatgatcaaagttcaatcaatactaatagttacaagtaatttgaaatagaggaagtaagttgtactacctagttgtaccatcattgctccaaacaacctattacatgatattactttcgtcccaaacctctaaatgaatattaagattttggtaatacaaattcttaaaattttgagacagaaatattactagacctgtaaccttgggataaattaaaccacggtaatcttccaatagaacaaagtaaaaaacaagtcttttccataaggacacaaaacaggaggtgtacttcgtcagatgcaagtgtcgcgcgtgtccgttcctcaggaaacacagagtgttcctgtggccagtcgatcgctacttcaattccctcctccttcaatgcatgcctgaacaataattgtaggcctagagagtgtgtgagttaaggaatgcaaaggacacacgatatttcatggaccattgagatcgaagtaagccgaccgatcgatcgcgagctaaatttatgtagcccatcgaatccgttgctgaatgcctgaccaaacggagaagcaaacgtggtccatgaacaacgtatcagagacttttagacaagagagaaatcacattctaaggggttttttcccccttttttttgagtggaagagttttttttattgagaggtatcgagaagtactatatttttcgtgtaagctagccaaatatcagtgcgttgcaacttgcaacggattattaaaaatagcaaaattaagtccttgttaaattttttttaaaaaaaaatggttgaaacacaacttttcatcttaaagaaacaaacaaaaatgccatgcttagaaaattaaagagctaaagtatagtacagtatatatagtacaggcgactctcccaaaccttaataccatggcccatatatcagtgacccaggccctgggcaaactggtccacggcccagggcctgagatgaaaggcccgatgagaaatatgcatttttactaggaataagtctatttttcctcctttcaaccatgtaactttgtgttgggccaaaatttccatggggcggcctaggccttggcctatttctgggtccgccccttatcagtgattgtggtgatggcagattcactaccaccactactatcttttaatagtagtaaagattttggtgtcatcttgtaattttaagatgtacaagacggtaccataaattgactttaaagtgatttgaatggatgtgtaatgggagaaatcgcttttcaaatgtaaaataatgcactacttgtattagtactaaattttacattagagaacacgatatattcagtgattcttgataaccataaaatccctttaagattatggtgttttctttaagtactgttaaaaaaaaaccaatagtgtctactggttacactgcagaagaagagaaccctgcagactgcagtatttgtaattgagcaagcagatacatatacctaaatgcatatatgttcattacctacaattcctaacgttgttgcagccgtcatccatccgtttgctgagctcgttgcctacgaattgctcttctcgatcccactgatcgcctgtgccttgactggaactgcttccataattgcattcgagatgtatttgatttacattgatttcatgaacaacatggggcactgcaacttcgagttggtacccagctggctcttcacatggttccctcctctcaagtatctcatgtacacgccatcgtaagtacttcatcaggctcttaataatacttccttcttccttaaatgtttgacgccgttgacttttttaaacatgtttgaccgttcgtcttattcaaaaacttttgtgaaatgtgtaaaactatatgtatacataaaagtatatttaacaataaatcaaatgatagaaaaagaattaataattatttaaatttttgaataagacgaacggtcaaatatttttaaaaaagtcaatggcatcaaatattttgggatggagggagtatgtaaaagagtaactttacagtttttaagaaagcataggggaagtaccatattttatattggagaaattttacggttttcagtatttcttttaagataaaggaggctttattgatcttggatacaatatactctaaaaccactcctgatatctgcatagctaggatgcacatggtctatagttattgaaaaagccaaataaaagaagatgatgtgcatgtcactctgcaaaataaataacttgatcatacatgctgttttcactgttataataatctgaacttatgtgatatattaggtttcattctctgcaccacactcagtttcggacaaactactcccttttcatgccgttctacgattatatctacaacaccatggacaagtcatcagacactctgtatgagaactcactgaaaaacaatgaggaagaagaagcagtggatgtggttcaccttacacacctgaccaccctgcattccatctaccacatgaggcccggtttcgccgaatttgcgtccaggccctacgtttccaggtggtacatgaggatgatgtggcctctgtcatggctctccatggtgctgacatggacgtacggttcttcattcactgttgagaggaatgtcatgaagaagatcaggatgcagtcatgggccataccaagatacagtttccatgtaagagtaaccatgttcagtgcatgattcacagatggtgtgcatgataaattgataatcaggttagaaacattttgttttgtgcagtatggattggattgggagaaggaagctatcaatgatcttatcgaaaaggcggtatgtgaagctgacaagaatggggctaaagttgtaagccttggactcctgaatcaggtagctcatttcctaatgaattcagagcaagttgaaacattatcatccatacttcagaattcagatgttagctatatgtccacatgtactgccaaattttagtcaagataaaacagttagtgcttaataattgtttatcttcagggaaaaggtttagtcataaaggtaggaaaataaaaaaattaagtagcaaagagtccgttgacagtagtccaacagaactaataaattctgtacatttcatgagaatacaatatgtagaaattagggaagtatgtactcatgcatggttgaactggtaattgacatacaatatcttcaatataaggcacataccctgaataaaagtggagaacaatatctgctgaaatacccaaagttgggagcaagaattgtcgatggaaccagcttagctgctgcagtggttgtcaacagtatcccccaaggcacagaccaagtaattcttgcaggaaatgtttccaaggtggcgcgtgctgtagcgcaagcattatgcaagaaaaatatcaaagtaattaatccactactcacctctgatttattttatagcatgcaaaaggataccatgttgtaacaaaccactattcttgtacaggtcacgatgacaaacaagcaagattatcatttactcaagccagaaataccagaaactgtagctgacaatctttcgttttcgaaaacaggcaccgcaaaggtaagaatagatttcctcatttttcctacattctctggacaaatgaatagaatgtataagagaaatatcattgcctaataaaccaaaaattttcaggtttggttaattggtgatggtctagattctgctgaacaattcagagcacagaaaggaactctgtttatcccatactcacaatttcctccaaagatggtacgcaaggacagctgcagctactcgacaactcctgcaatggctgtaccaaaaacgctgcagaatgtgcattcatgcgaggtagtagtaataacctgttgaaataatccagagattcagacgaacttcacatgatctaatcacaaaatttttgaactttttttttgacagaattggctgccaaggagggttatgagcgcatggcgaatcgcgggaattcttcatgcgttggagggatggaatgagcatgaatgtggtgacaaggtgcttgatatggacaaagtttggtctgctgcaattatgcatgggttctgcccagttgctcaaggttgatgattcagttgcaaagtatcagaataagttttagctggattatgctatgtggtcaccgtatcagaaagagagatgttctgttggcaagaagagatatagtatctgagtaatttcatctgccatggtttttaaaacattgttcatcatctcctttgatcaaagactggccatggctactttctgtataagtatctgtcctttttagtccatagtgtaattcagcaacaaaacactcttggcattgttatgcagtctcatgaatgtttttccagcatacggaattacgg</dnaseqindica>|
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| − | Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001071361.1 RefSeq:Os10g0471100]|
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| − | }}
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| | [[Category:Genes]] | | [[Category:Genes]] |
| | [[Category:Japonica mRNA]] | | [[Category:Japonica mRNA]] |
