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| − | Although PAP protein sequences display high levels of similarity, their functions and modes of regulation vary considerably. Using in-gel activity assays, we were able to show that the induction of APase activity by Pi deficiency is predominantly attributed to the increased expression of OsPAP10a, which is under the control of OsPHR2, the central transcription factor controlling Pi homeostasis in rice. Overexpression of OsPAP10ain rice increased shoot and root-associated APase activities in both Pi-replete and Pi-deficient conditions. As a consequence, the transgenic plants were able to hydrolyze extracellular organic P sources, such as ATP, into an inorganic form more efficiently than WT plants. However, substrate specificity still needs to be investigated.
| + | The rice '''''Os01g0776600''''' was reported as '''''OsPAP10a''''' in 2012 <ref name="ref1" /> by researchers from China. |
| | + | |
| | ==Annotated Information== | | ==Annotated Information== |
| | ===Function=== | | ===Function=== |
| − | OsPAP10a is a major APase isoform in both shoot and root protein extracts, and is specifically induced by Pi-deficient conditions. OsPAP10acan be secreted and that overexpression of OsPAP10ais associated with improved hydrolysis capacity of | + | [[File:225-Os01g0776600.png|right|thumb|327px|'''Figure 1.''' ''Growth of WT and transgenic plants cultured in soil pots.<ref name="ref1" />.'']] |
| − | external organic P and thus better phosphate use efficiency.
| + | * The rice (Oryza sativa) purple acid phosphatase 10a (OsPAP10a) belongs to group Ia of purple acid phosphatases (PAPs), and clusters with the principal secreted PAPs in a variety of plant species including Arabidopsis. |
| | + | * '''''OsPAP10a''''' can potentially be used for crop breeding to improve the efficiency of P use. |
| | + | |
| | + | ===Phenotypic analysis=== |
| | + | * Constitutive overexpression of OsPAP10a results in a significant increase of phosphatase activity in both shoot and root protein extracts. In vivo root 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-phosphate (BCIP) assays and activity measurements on external media showed that OsPAP10a is a root-associated APase. |
| | + | * Furthermore, overexpression of '''''OsPAP10a''''' significantly improved ATP hydrolysis and utilization compared with wild type plants. |
| | + | |
| | ===Expression=== | | ===Expression=== |
| − | The expression of OsPAP10a is induced by Pi deprivation, other nutrient stresses had no or little influence on the expression of OsPAP10a. Pi starvation highly induced the level of expression of OsPAP10a in wild type (WT) plants. In OsPAP10a-overexpressing plants, OsPAP10atranscript abundance was higher in both Pi-sufficient and deficient conditions than it was in WT plants (Figure 3A). Interestingly, the transcript level of OsPAP10ain OsPAP10aoverexpressing plants grown under Pi-replete conditions was even higher than that in WT plants grown under Pi-deficient conditions. | + | * The transcript abundance of '''''OsPAP10a''''' is specifically induced by Pi deficiency and is controlled by OsPHR2, the central transcription factor controlling Pi homeostasis. In gel activity assays of root and shoot protein extracts, it was revealed that OsPAP10a is a major acid phosphatase isoform induced by Pi starvation. |
| | + | |
| | ===Evolution=== | | ===Evolution=== |
| − | In plants, the PAP family has been previously classified into seven groups and OsPAP10abelongs to group Ia. In rice, group Ia contains 5 members, namely OsPAP10a to OsPAP10d, and OsPAP26. | + | * In plants, the PAP family has been previously classified into seven groups and OsPAP10abelongs to group Ia. In rice, group Ia contains 5 members, namely OsPAP10a to OsPAP10d, and OsPAP26. |
| | | | |
| | ==Labs working on this gene== | | ==Labs working on this gene== |
| − | Phylogenetic and expression analysis
| + | * State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China |
| − | | + | * Research Laboratory in Genomics and Nutriomics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China |
| − | Protein extraction and APase activity assay
| + | * Present address: Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China |
| − | | + | * Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, WA, Australia |
| − | Reverse transcript PCR (RT-PCR)
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| − | | |
| − | In-Gel APase activity staining
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| − | | |
| − | Root-associated acid phosphatase activity assay
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| | | | |
| | ==References== | | ==References== |
| − | Tian J, Wang C, Zhang Q, He X, Whelan J, Shou H(2012) Overexpression ofOsPAP10a, a root-associated acid phosphatase, increased extracellular organic phosphorus utilization in rice.J. Integr. Plant Biol.54(9), 631–639. | + | <references> |
| − | | + | * <ref name="ref1"> |
| − | Zhang Q, Wang C, Tian J, Li K, Shou H(2011) Identification of rice purple acid phosphatases related to phosphate starvation signalling. Plant Biol.13,7–15.
| + | Tian J, Wang C, Zhang Q, He X, Whelan J, Shou H. Overexpression of OsPAP10a, a |
| − | | + | root-associated acid phosphatase, increased extracellular organic phosphorus |
| | + | utilization in rice. J Integr Plant Biol. 2012 Sep;54(9):631-9. doi: |
| | + | 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2012.01143.x. PubMed PMID: 22805094. |
| | + | </ref> |
| | | | |
| | ==Structured Information== | | ==Structured Information== |
| − | {{JaponicaGene|
| + | [[Category:Genes]][[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]][[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]] |
| − | GeneName = Os01g0776600|
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| − | Description = Similar to Purple acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2)|
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| − | Version = NM_001050951.1 GI:115440272 GeneID:4327894|
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| − | Length = 4254 bp|
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| − | Definition = Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os01g0776600, complete gene.|
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| − | Source = Oryza sativa Japonica Group
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| − | | |
| − | ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
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| − | Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
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| − | Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
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| − | clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
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| − | |
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| − | Chromosome = [[:category:Japonica Chromosome 1|Chromosome 1]]|
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| − | AP = Chromosome 1:34604132..34608385|
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| − | CDS = 34604468..34604666,34604767..34604888,34605209..34605429,34605674..34605812,34605938..34606164<br>,34606265..34606376,34606451..34606651,34607937..34608113|
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| − | GCID = <gbrowseImage1>
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| − | name=NC_008394:34604132..34608385
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| − | source=RiceChromosome01
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| − | preset=GeneLocation
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| − | </gbrowseImage1>|
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| − | GSID = <gbrowseImage2>
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| − | name=NC_008394:34604132..34608385
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| − | source=RiceChromosome01
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| − | preset=GeneLocation
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| − | </gbrowseImage2>|
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| − | CDNA = <cdnaseq>atggtggaccggatcggcgccgcgtggtggtgcgcgtgcgccgtggggatgctggtggtgggggcgtgcctcgccggggagaccagcgagtaccggcgccagctcggctccgccgtcgacatgccgctcgacgccgacgtcttccgcgccccgcccggccgcaatgcgccccagcaggttcatatcacacaaggaaatcatgatggcactgccatgataatctcatgggtgacaacaattgagccaggctcaagcactgtgctctatgggacttcggaggataatcttaatttctctgcagatggaaaacacactcagtatacgttctacaactacacctcaggatacattcatcactgtacaataaaaaagttggagtttgacacaaaatactactatgctgttgggattggacaaaccgtgaggaagttttggttcagaacccctccaaaaagtggcccagatgttccatatacatttggtctcataggtgatcttggtcagagctacgactcgaatattacgctggcccattatgagtccaattcaaaggcgcaagcagtacttttcgttggggatctgtgttatgcagataactacccataccatgacaatgtgaggtgggatacatgggcaagatttgtagagaggaatgttgcctaccagccttggatctggacagctggaaatcatgagatagattttgccccagaacttggtgaaacgaagccattcaagccatacagctataggtaccccacaccttataaggcttccggtagcacggcacctttctggtattctgtcaaaagagcatctgcttatattattgtcttggcatcatattcatcatatggaaagtatactcctcagtacaagtggcttgaagctgagtttcccaaggttaacaggagtgaaacgccatggttgatagtgctattgcatgctccgtggtacaacagctataactatcactacatggaaggtgaaagcatgagagttatgtatgagccgtggttcgtcaagtacaaagttgacctcgtgtttgcaggacatgttcatgcctatgaacggacacacaggatatcaaatgtcgcgtacaacattgtgaatggccagtgcactccagtccatgatcagtctgctccagtctacataaccatcggagatggaggaaaccaggaaggactggccaccaacatgacggcgccgcagcctggctactcggccttcagggagtcgagcttcgggcacgccatcctggacatcaagaacaggacgcacgcgtactacacgtggcaccgcaaccaggacggcaacgctgtggcggctgactccatgtggttcaccaacagatactggcagccgacggatgaatctttggacgactcccagtga</cdnaseq>|
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| − | AA = <aaseq>MVDRIGAAWWCACAVGMLVVGACLAGETSEYRRQLGSAVDMPLD ADVFRAPPGRNAPQQVHITQGNHDGTAMIISWVTTIEPGSSTVLYGTSEDNLNFSADG KHTQYTFYNYTSGYIHHCTIKKLEFDTKYYYAVGIGQTVRKFWFRTPPKSGPDVPYTF GLIGDLGQSYDSNITLAHYESNSKAQAVLFVGDLCYADNYPYHDNVRWDTWARFVERN VAYQPWIWTAGNHEIDFAPELGETKPFKPYSYRYPTPYKASGSTAPFWYSVKRASAYI IVLASYSSYGKYTPQYKWLEAEFPKVNRSETPWLIVLLHAPWYNSYNYHYMEGESMRV MYEPWFVKYKVDLVFAGHVHAYERTHRISNVAYNIVNGQCTPVHDQSAPVYITIGDGG NQEGLATNMTAPQPGYSAFRESSFGHAILDIKNRTHAYYTWHRNQDGNAVAADSMWFT NRYWQPTDESLDDSQ</aaseq>|
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| − | DNA = <dnaseqindica>3720..3918#3498..3619#2957..3177#2574..2712#2222..2448#2010..2121#1735..1935#273..449#gtcccgtccccgtctccgggattttaatttcttggcacctcgcctcagcatattccatgtcccctctccatccgccccacgcgcccactttgaccgacccatcgatcgatcacgatatttagtagtagtagtagtattacaaatccagcaagcgatcccaatatcccattcccaaaaccccaatccatcctcggagcacgccaccttcacgaggaagagagaatcgaggaagcagagcgctcggaccagaggaggaggaggaggtgccagccatggtggaccggatcggcgccgcgtggtggtgcgcgtgcgccgtggggatgctggtggtgggggcgtgcctcgccggggagaccagcgagtaccggcgccagctcggctccgccgtcgacatgccgctcgacgccgacgtcttccgcgccccgcccggccgcaatgcgccccagcaggtaacccgctgcactctgcactgcatgttcttttctgcatcgcggaaggaaggcatcgatactcgatagactcctccgagggtatcgggtttcgaagccctcgatttgttttcagcatctgtgcagcttcggaggaatcaaatgttcctcttgttccttttgtgatcgatgcttgagatagtagcgtcctgcatctgttcgtgattcgtcactcgtgagccgcacttcgattactgtagattgtataatatactagtactagtactacggagtattttgctgttcgttttgtactcgcgctggtcctgctgagtgctgagtggtggtcatccatttgcatatgcttgtctcatggtgtctccatgctgatgaaacaagcaaggaattttcggtttcgatggtcccgaagttgactgcttgtctctcttcagaaattgtctcctctttaatcacactgtttgtgtttaattcgatcgtttcaatcggataaactgttgtgtttctggttggtagacctgaatttagcgtggcataaatgtttctagctacttgtgttacagggtttctgtcattagtctatcgatgagcatttggcttattcagagtcgtcacctggggtgctttttgcacttagcttaatcccagtccacaaacttggtgtgttcatgaattaaaatactgcttccgtaccaccgcttgctctgcttcactcatttctaaagttaacaccaacttttagggaagtgttccaacttctatcatacactatctgcttgaccatttactagtactaattggttgcagggcccttttacgaacccttttgttgtcttttggaactttcttattcttagggcacccgcaatggttatctataggctctctacaagagatccatgtcagcatatttttctacttggaagaattaaatgtagagagagagcaaagctatctactaacctgaagatagtctatagagaaaaacgaggcaatggattagagagctatagatacccatgtagacataccattaaagtggtttactattaatctagtctattgctgagatgtacatgttttatagatagcaccttactttaccattgcgggtgctcttatagagtcttactcccttgaattaagtattaggatgccttttactgagattgatgtccattcctttttcaatatgccgttagcataaaaaattatatgcaagatgtgctggggtatggtcattggtgtattctccactctgatgcttattgatattgttctctgaaaggttcatatcacacaaggaaatcatgatggcactgccatgataatctcatgggtgacaacaattgagccaggctcaagcactgtgctctatgggacttcggaggataatcttaatttctctgcagatggaaaacacactcagtatacgttctacaactacacctcaggatacattcatcactgtacaataaaaaagttggaggtattagttctttgcaaaagtcgtctttagtgtttggactgtaaattaaagattgactattggctttgttgcagtttgacacaaaatactactatgctgttgggattggacaaaccgtgaggaagttttggttcagaacccctccaaaaagtggcccagatgttccatatacatttggtctcataggtagtattcaatattcctaaattcatttttgctatgtcaggatacacattcaccaaatctataaacgatctatatcactgaaaacaacatctgtattcaggtgatcttggtcagagctacgactcgaatattacgctggcccattatgagtccaattcaaaggcgcaagcagtacttttcgttggggatctgtgttatgcagataactacccataccatgacaatgtgaggtgggatacatgggcaagatttgtagagaggaatgttgcctaccagccttggatctggacagctggaaatcatgagatagattttgccccagaacttgtaagtgtagtactccatttaactttatttgtgtaatgatcttcagtggatgcatatacagttcagtactagataatcagtggagcttatgttataagcatttacattctgttgaacatttgcagggtgaaacgaagccattcaagccatacagctataggtaccccacaccttataaggcttccggtagcacggcacctttctggtattctgtcaaaagagcatctgcttatattattgtcttggcatcatattcatcatatggtatgtaatatgatctagttgcgttttcttttgcatctgtattcaaagtacttagtaacaagcttcacaagtaaaattaaacacccacatgagcaacattgtgaataagtagtcagtcttacatgctttgggcaaacagaaacacacactgtacataacaatgaacttattaacttatactccatttgttgattgctaatagatggaataagataatttatcagttcttctgtttctttcccaggaaagtatactcctcagtacaagtggcttgaagctgagtttcccaaggttaacaggagtgaaacgccatggttgatagtgctattgcatgctccgtggtacaacagctataactatcactacatggaaggtgaaagcatgagagttatgtatgagccgtggttcgtcaagtacaaagttgacctcgtgtttgcaggacatgttcatgcctatgaacggacagtaagcacttacagttttttttcccctgaaaaatagttaaaactttgcatggggaatcaaatggaaatttcttgcaacttcattaggaactttagcacgcacttctttgtcgtctttatatttattagtatatacttgcatctagtaaaattaagttcaacgtgcttgtcgttttctttaaacaaaggagtgcttggttttactacttttttttaaactggtacggagcatgtatagctttactactgatactctgcttagagtagtactagtaccttaatcttgagctgctgacatagacttattttctctgattgcagcacaggatatcaaatgtcgcgtacaacattgtgaatggccagtgcactccagtccatgatcagtctgctccagtctacataaccatcggagatggaggaaaccaggaaggactggccaccaagtaagaatccttttttcgcttccaccaaccgttttcagttcctgaacgctgacaagatatcatgtgcaattgctgggaaaaaaaaacaaatataatgcagcatgacggcgccgcagcctggctactcggccttcagggagtcgagcttcgggcacgccatcctggacatcaagaacaggacgcacgcgtactacacgtggcaccgcaaccaggacggcaacgctgtggcggctgactccatgtggttcaccaacagatactggcagccgacggatgaatctttggacgactcccagtgatctgagtcgttcgtacatggtttactcacacctgctcctcctccctagtttgtgttgtggttcttctacgtgaataagcactggctcgatttgaacacacaggacggactcacggacgcctccggttcaggcgtcgtgatctaggtggttctttctccgctccagctccctcgtggccgtgtgctgcttgtgtatagaagaagcgcagctcacgtgcagcgagaggaaaagaaagctgagaaattgcgagttgatacttgataggcttgtgtacgttcgtactcgtctagatgttgaataaacacattggtttcgtggcgttgcgacttgcatttg</dnaseqindica>|
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| − | Link = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001050951.1 RefSeq:Os01g0776600]|
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| − | }}
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| − | [[Category:Genes]] | |
| − | [[Category:Japonica mRNA]]
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| − | [[Category:Oryza Sativa Japonica Group]] | |
| − | [[Category:Japonica Genes]] | |
| − | [[Category:Japonica Chromosome 1]]
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| − | [[Category:Chromosome 1]]
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