Os02g0759800

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Annotated Information

Identification

"Identification of SKIP Homologs in Rice."

A sequence similarity search of SKIP against The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) genomic annotation database resulted in two putative SKIP homologs in rice, named OsSKIPa(LOC-Os02g52250) and OsSKIPb (LOC-Os06g11420). The predicted protein sequences of OsSKIPa and OsSKIPb have 49% and 46% identity to SKIP, respectively. The longest ORF of OsSKIPa encodes a protein of 607 aa. Sequence alignment indicated that SKIP proteins are highly conserved in eukaryotes . The SKIP/SNW protein domain of OsSKIPa is located between amino acids 190 and 356 . Bysearching the OsSKIPa sequence against the Pfam database , 4additional putative domains were identified: PB009039, PB011280, PB008941, and PB015744. Two conserved motifs were identified: one is LPxP located between amino acids 8 and 11, and the other is located between amino acids 397 and 415.

Function

OsSKIPa has evolved a specific function in positive modulation of stress resistance through transcriptional regulation of diverse stress-related genes in rice. OsSKIPa not only has the ability to complement the yeast mutant of SNW/SKIP homolog PRP45 but functions in regulating cell viability and stress tolerance. Among the 35 OsSKIPa-interacting proteins identified in this study, very few showed homology to the SKIP-interacting proteins reported in animals and yeast, indicatingfunctional diversification of SKIP proteins in plants. Suppression of OsSKIPa in rice resulted in growth arrest and reduced cell viability. The expression OsSKIPa is induced by various abiotic stresses and phytohormone treatments. Transgenic rice overexpressing OsSKIPa exhibited significantly improved growth performance in the medium containing stress agents (abscisic acid, salt, or mannitol) and drought resistance at both the seedling and reproductive stages.

"OsSKIPa Can Complement the Yeast Mutant of SKIP Homolog."

"OsSKIPa can enhanced Cell Viability."

"OsSKIPa can enhanced Cell Viability."

Expression

The OsSKIPa-overexpressing rice showed significantly increased reactive oxygen species-scavenging ability and transcript levels of many stress-related genes, including SNAC1 and rice homologs of CBF2, PP2C, and RD22, under drought stress conditions. More than 30 OsSKIPa-interacting proteins were identified, but most of these proteins have no matcheswith the reported SKIP-interacting proteins in animals and yeast. Together, these data suggest that OsSKIPa has evolved a specific function in positive modulation of stress resistance through transcriptional regulation of diverse stress-related genes in rice.

Evolution

OsSKIPa, a rice homolog of human Ski-interacting protein (SKIP) that can complement the lethal defect of the knockout mutant of SKIP homolog in yeast and positively modulate cell viability and stress tolerance of rice.

Mutation

Global Expression Changes in S58S and S59R Plants. Considering the nature of SKIP as a transcription regulator, we compared the expression profiles of S58S, S59R, and WT plants under normal growth conditions using the Affymetrix gene chip of rice. According to linear model analysis, 635 genes were detected with more than a 2-fold change (P ＜0.01) of transcript level in S59R plants(336 and 299 were up- and down-regulated, respectively) and 115 genes exhibited more than a 2-fold change (P＜0.01) in S58S plants(57 and 58 were up- and down-regulated, respectively). About 95%(19 of 20) of the genes showing expression level change could beresults suggest that OsSKIPa can affect the transcript levels of a large number of genes. Gene ontology analysis of the genes up- or down-regulated in the S58S and S59R plants revealed that genes in 3 categories of biological processes were significantly overrepresented (hypergeometric test, P ＜0.01): response to stimulus (biotic, abiotic, and endogenous stimuli), metabolism, and cell communication. Among the 661 genes with expression levels changed by more than 2-fold in the transgenic plants, 216, 199, and 120 genes are responsive to drought, salt, and cold stresses, respectively (data not shown), based on the published microarray analysis. Of note, several genes encoding enzymes for ROS reactions were changed in S58S or S59R plants. Bioinformatic analysis of the cis-elements in the promoters of these genes suggested that 29 cis-elements deposited in the promoter database (PLACE) were enriched, especially stress- and ABA-specific cis-elements, including several ABA responsive element-related elements and CANNTG box. These results further suggested that OsSKIPa may participate in the transcriptional regulation of numerous stressrelated genes.

Extension knowledge

OsSKIPa Positively Modulates Stress Tolerance in Rice. Sessile plants and motile animals have evolved arrays of distinct mechanisms to respond and adapt to abiotic stresses.Wefound that overexpression of OsSKIPa in rice can enhance tolerance to drought and high salinity. The specific function of OsSKIPa in conferring drought resistance may be especially useful in producing green super rice as proposed by Zhang. Although the sequences of SKIP homologs are highly conserved between animals and plants, such an improved stress tolerance resulting from overexpression of a SKIPhomolog has not been reported in other species. This function may have evolved specifically in sessile plants. Drought and high-salinity stresses can result in retarded growth or even cell damage in plants (28, 29) and can produce ROS in plant cells. Overaccumulation of ROS can lead to cell damage and even death. In S58S plants, the activity of SOD, a key ROS eliminator, was increased under stress conditions. These results suggested that the increased stress tolerance of the OsSKIPa-overexpressing plants may be partially attributable to the enhanced ROS-scavenging activity. Quite a few genes with putative functions in ROS scavenging were up-regulated in the S58S plants, which also supports this hypothesis.

"The OsSKIPa-interacting proteins were classified into 5 categories."

Labs working on this gene

National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement

National Center of Plant Gene Research

Huazhong Agricultural University

References

[1]Xin Hou;Kabin Xie;Jialing Yao;Zhuyun Qi;Lizhong Xiong A homolog of human ski-interacting protein in rice positively regulates cell viability and stress tolerance Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106(15): 6410-6415

[2]Lei Z, et al. (2007) High-throughput binary vectors for plant gene function analysis. J Int Plant Biol 49:556–567

[3]Yue B, et al. (2006) Genetic basis of drought resistance at reproductive stage in rice: Separation of drought tolerance from drought avoidance. Genetics 172:1213–1228.

[4]Dai M, et al. (2007) The rice YABBY1 gene is involved in the feedback regulation of gibberellin metabolism. Plant Physiol 144:121–133.

Structured Information

Gene Name	Os02g0759800
Description	Similar to GAMYB-binding protein (Fragment)
Version	NM_001054719.1 GI:115448808 GeneID:4330796
Length	2353 bp
Definition	Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0759800, complete gene.
Source	Oryza sativa Japonica Group ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
Chromosome	Chromosome 2
Location	Chromosome 2:32882205..32884557
Sequence Coding Region	32882604..32884427
Expression	GEO Profiles:Os02g0759800
Genome Context	<gbrowseImage1> name=NC_008395:32882205..32884557 source=RiceChromosome02 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage1>
Gene Structure	<gbrowseImage2> name=NC_008395:32882205..32884557 source=RiceChromosome02 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage2>
Coding Sequence	<cdnaseq>atggcgtccctcaaggagctcctcccgacgcccaaggcggcggcgtcgacgttctacgaccacagcagcgacccgtggttcaaggagcggtatggcggggagtcggcgcaatccgacgcggcggcggcggcggcgaagccttcgggccccgccaagcccgtgccgccgtacgggaagcgtggcgggttcgtgccgcggcggccggaggacttcggggacggcggcgccttcccggagatccacgtcgcgcagtacccgctcggcatgggccggcgcgacgagaagggcggctcgaagatcctcgcgctcaccgtcgacgccaagggcagcgtcgccttcgacgccgtcgtgaagcagggtgagaacgcctctaagatcgtttactcaaagcacagcgacctcgtgcccaagattgccacggctgattccgaggcaaccgcggacgacgaggagtaccagaaacagatcgaagaaaccactgaacgaactaaagctgccttggagaaggttgtcaatgttcggctctccgccgcacagcccaagaatgtgccgacgcatgattcagagtcaaagtttatcaagtataagccatcgcagcaatcggcagccttcaattcaggtgccaaggagaggattattaggatgtcagagatggctcaggatcctcttgagccaccgaaattcaagcataagcgagtgccccgcgcttctggatcaccgcctgtcccagtgatgcactcgccaccacggccagtgacagtgaaggaccagcaagattggaagattccaccatgcatttcaaattggaaaaatccaaagggttacaccataccactcgacaagaggttggcagctgatggaagggggctgcaggaggttcaaattaatgataactttgcaaagctctctgaagcactgtatgtggcggagcagaaggccagggaggcagtacagatgcgatccaaggtgcagagggagctgcagctgaaggagaaggagaggaaggagcaagagctaagggcacttgcacagaaggcgcgcatggagaggactggtgccccacctgcacctacaggggttcctgctggtggtggtagaggtgctgttgatgacagggaggaagatatggatttggagcagcctcgtgagcaacgaagggagagtagagaagaaagggaagcaaggattgagcgtgacaggattcgtgaggagaggagacgtgagagggagagagagaggaggctggaggccagggatgctgcaatgggcaagaagagtaagctcactagagacagggatcgtgatgtcagtgagaagattgccctgggcatggcaagcactggcggtgctaaaggtggggaagtcatgtatgaccagaggttgttcaaccaggataaaggaatggactctgggtttgctacagatgatcagtataacatctactccaagggtctcttcacagcgcagccaacgctatccacactttacaggcctaagaaggacggtgattctgatgtgtatggcgatgcagatgaacaactggagaaggttatgaagacagataggttcaaaccagacaaaggattttctggtgcttcagagaggtctggaaagagagacagacctgtggagtttgataaacaggaggagaatgatcccttcggtcttgatcagttcttgactgaagtgaagaaggggaagaaagctgttgagaagattggaagcggaggagccatgagggcaagtggtggatcctcaatgagagatgattacgagggtggaggatctgggaggtcccgcattaactttgaaagaggtcgttga</cdnaseq>
Protein Sequence	<aaseq>MASLKELLPTPKAAASTFYDHSSDPWFKERYGGESAQSDAAAAA AKPSGPAKPVPPYGKRGGFVPRRPEDFGDGGAFPEIHVAQYPLGMGRRDEKGGSKILA LTVDAKGSVAFDAVVKQGENASKIVYSKHSDLVPKIATADSEATADDEEYQKQIEETT ERTKAALEKVVNVRLSAAQPKNVPTHDSESKFIKYKPSQQSAAFNSGAKERIIRMSEM AQDPLEPPKFKHKRVPRASGSPPVPVMHSPPRPVTVKDQQDWKIPPCISNWKNPKGYT IPLDKRLAADGRGLQEVQINDNFAKLSEALYVAEQKAREAVQMRSKVQRELQLKEKER KEQELRALAQKARMERTGAPPAPTGVPAGGGRGAVDDREEDMDLEQPREQRRESREER EARIERDRIREERRRERERERRLEARDAAMGKKSKLTRDRDRDVSEKIALGMASTGGA KGGEVMYDQRLFNQDKGMDSGFATDDQYNIYSKGLFTAQPTLSTLYRPKKDGDSDVYG DADEQLEKVMKTDRFKPDKGFSGASERSGKRDRPVEFDKQEENDPFGLDQFLTEVKKG KKAVEKIGSGGAMRASGGSSMRDDYEGGGSGRSRINFERGR</aaseq>
Gene Sequence	<dnaseqindica>131..1954#atcgcgttgcccaaataattacacgaatcgaaccaaaccctagcttttcctcttcgattcccgatcccccacccagcgactcgccggaaccctagccctagatcccgcgcggcttgccgccgtgctagccatggcgtccctcaaggagctcctcccgacgcccaaggcggcggcgtcgacgttctacgaccacagcagcgacccgtggttcaaggagcggtatggcggggagtcggcgcaatccgacgcggcggcggcggcggcgaagccttcgggccccgccaagcccgtgccgccgtacgggaagcgtggcgggttcgtgccgcggcggccggaggacttcggggacggcggcgccttcccggagatccacgtcgcgcagtacccgctcggcatgggccggcgcgacgagaagggcggctcgaagatcctcgcgctcaccgtcgacgccaagggcagcgtcgccttcgacgccgtcgtgaagcagggtgagaacgcctctaagatcgtttactcaaagcacagcgacctcgtgcccaagattgccacggctgattccgaggcaaccgcggacgacgaggagtaccagaaacagatcgaagaaaccactgaacgaactaaagctgccttggagaaggttgtcaatgttcggctctccgccgcacagcccaagaatgtgccgacgcatgattcagagtcaaagtttatcaagtataagccatcgcagcaatcggcagccttcaattcaggtgccaaggagaggattattaggatgtcagagatggctcaggatcctcttgagccaccgaaattcaagcataagcgagtgccccgcgcttctggatcaccgcctgtcccagtgatgcactcgccaccacggccagtgacagtgaaggaccagcaagattggaagattccaccatgcatttcaaattggaaaaatccaaagggttacaccataccactcgacaagaggttggcagctgatggaagggggctgcaggaggttcaaattaatgataactttgcaaagctctctgaagcactgtatgtggcggagcagaaggccagggaggcagtacagatgcgatccaaggtgcagagggagctgcagctgaaggagaaggagaggaaggagcaagagctaagggcacttgcacagaaggcgcgcatggagaggactggtgccccacctgcacctacaggggttcctgctggtggtggtagaggtgctgttgatgacagggaggaagatatggatttggagcagcctcgtgagcaacgaagggagagtagagaagaaagggaagcaaggattgagcgtgacaggattcgtgaggagaggagacgtgagagggagagagagaggaggctggaggccagggatgctgcaatgggcaagaagagtaagctcactagagacagggatcgtgatgtcagtgagaagattgccctgggcatggcaagcactggcggtgctaaaggtggggaagtcatgtatgaccagaggttgttcaaccaggataaaggaatggactctgggtttgctacagatgatcagtataacatctactccaagggtctcttcacagcgcagccaacgctatccacactttacaggcctaagaaggacggtgattctgatgtgtatggcgatgcagatgaacaactggagaaggttatgaagacagataggttcaaaccagacaaaggattttctggtgcttcagagaggtctggaaagagagacagacctgtggagtttgataaacaggaggagaatgatcccttcggtcttgatcagttcttgactgaagtgaagaaggggaagaaagctgttgagaagattggaagcggaggagccatgagggcaagtggtggatcctcaatgagagatgattacgagggtggaggatctgggaggtcccgcattaactttgaaagaggtcgttgaggtattagatctgcatgttttgttcagaagtttctccatgcattccaaatgttatctggagggtattctgttgagaatatcaacttcttgatgagaggacttgatgtctgagttgtcttaatgcaacgtctacttccaaggggcatcttaaggagtgtacctgtttagatcctgtgattatgcttgttgtttatctatttgtggatggatctgtaagcttaacttatcatcattccatatcccttatattttgtggtgctttatgaagtctcgatgtgtctggctgaccttacattttctggtactgtaccaagtctttaagatgtatctgcctatctggctgaaatactgagacacgggatacatataaattccgtgttctgttttttcacaagttct</dnaseqindica>
External Link(s)	NCBI Gene:Os02g0759800, RefSeq:Os02g0759800