Difference between revisions of "Os02g0100200"
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===Expression=== | ===Expression=== | ||
'''Genomic''' | '''Genomic''' | ||
| − | Depending on their mechanism of action and subcellular distribution, nuclear receptors may be classified into at least two classes. | + | Depending on their mechanism of action and subcellular distribution, nuclear receptors may be classified into at least two classes.<ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref2"/> Nuclear receptors that bind steroid hormones are all classified as type I receptors. Only type I receptors have a heat shock protein (HSP) associated with the inactive receptor that will be released when the receptor interacts with the ligand. Type I receptors may be found in homodimer or heterodimer forms. Type II nuclear receptors have no HSP, and in contrast to the classical type I receptor are located in the cell nucleus. |
Free (that is, unbound) steroids enter the cell cytoplasm and interact with their receptor. In this process heat shock protein is dissociated, and the activated receptor-ligand complex is translocated into the nucleus. | Free (that is, unbound) steroids enter the cell cytoplasm and interact with their receptor. In this process heat shock protein is dissociated, and the activated receptor-ligand complex is translocated into the nucleus. | ||
| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
The cell membrane aldosterone receptor has shown to increase the activity of the basolateral Na/K ATPase, ENaC sodium channels and ROMK potassium channels of the principal cell in the distal tubule and cortical collecting duct of nephrons (as well as in the large bowel and possibly in sweat glands). | The cell membrane aldosterone receptor has shown to increase the activity of the basolateral Na/K ATPase, ENaC sodium channels and ROMK potassium channels of the principal cell in the distal tubule and cortical collecting duct of nephrons (as well as in the large bowel and possibly in sweat glands). | ||
| − | There is some evidence that certain steroid hormone receptors can extend through lipid bilayer membranes at the surface of cells and might be able to interact with hormones that remain outside of cells. | + | There is some evidence that certain steroid hormone receptors can extend through lipid bilayer membranes at the surface of cells and might be able to interact with hormones that remain outside of cells.<ref name="ref3"/> |
| − | + | Steroid hormone receptors can also function outside of the nucleus and couple to cytoplasmic signal transduction proteins such as PI3k and Akt kinase.<ref name="ref4"/> | |
| − | Steroid hormone receptors can also function outside of the nucleus and couple to cytoplasmic signal transduction proteins such as PI3k and Akt kinase. | ||
===Evolution=== | ===Evolution=== | ||
Revision as of 07:26, 8 June 2014
Please input one-sentence summary here.
Annotated Information
Function
Steroid receptors of the nuclear receptor family are all transcription factors. Depending upon the type of receptor, they are either located in the cytosol and move to the cell nucleus upon activation, or remain in the nucleus waiting for the steroid hormone to enter and activate them. This uptake into the nucleus is facilitated by nuclear localization signal (NLS) found in the hinge region of the receptor. This region of the receptor is covered up by heat shock proteins (HSPs) which bind the receptor until the hormone is present. Upon binding by the hormone the receptor undergoes a conformational change releasing the HSP, and the receptor together with the bound hormone enter the nucleus to act upon transcription.
Ligands
Ligands that bind to and activate nuclear receptors include lipophilic substances such as endogenous hormones, vitamins A and D, and xenobiotic endocrine disruptors. Because the expression of a large number of genes is regulated by nuclear receptors, ligands that activate these receptors can have profound effects on the organism. Many of these regulated genes are associated with various diseases, which explains why the molecular targets of approximately 13% of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs are nuclear receptors. A number of nuclear receptors, referred to as orphan receptors, have no known (or at least generally agreed upon) endogenous ligands. Some of these receptors such as FXR, LXR, and PPAR bind a number of metabolic intermediates such as fatty acids, bile acids and/or sterols with relatively low affinity. These receptors hence may function as metabolic sensors. Other nuclear receptors, such as CAR and PXR appear to function as xenobiotic sensors up-regulating the expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes that metabolize these xenobiotics.
Expression
Genomic Depending on their mechanism of action and subcellular distribution, nuclear receptors may be classified into at least two classes.[1][2] Nuclear receptors that bind steroid hormones are all classified as type I receptors. Only type I receptors have a heat shock protein (HSP) associated with the inactive receptor that will be released when the receptor interacts with the ligand. Type I receptors may be found in homodimer or heterodimer forms. Type II nuclear receptors have no HSP, and in contrast to the classical type I receptor are located in the cell nucleus.
Free (that is, unbound) steroids enter the cell cytoplasm and interact with their receptor. In this process heat shock protein is dissociated, and the activated receptor-ligand complex is translocated into the nucleus.
After binding to the ligand (steroid hormone), steroid receptors often form dimers. In the nucleus, the complex acts as a transcription factor, augmenting or suppressing transcription particular genes by its action on DNA.
Type II receptors are located in the nucleus. Thus, their ligands pass through the cell membrane and cytoplasm and enter the nucleus where they activate the receptor without release of HSP. The activated receptor interacts with the hormone response element and the transcription process is initiated as with type I receptors.
Non-genomic The cell membrane aldosterone receptor has shown to increase the activity of the basolateral Na/K ATPase, ENaC sodium channels and ROMK potassium channels of the principal cell in the distal tubule and cortical collecting duct of nephrons (as well as in the large bowel and possibly in sweat glands).
There is some evidence that certain steroid hormone receptors can extend through lipid bilayer membranes at the surface of cells and might be able to interact with hormones that remain outside of cells.[3] Steroid hormone receptors can also function outside of the nucleus and couple to cytoplasmic signal transduction proteins such as PI3k and Akt kinase.[4]
Evolution
Nuclear receptors
Subfamily 3: Estrogen Receptor-like
Group A: Estrogen receptor (Sex hormones: Estrogen)
1: Estrogen receptor-α (ERα; NR3A1, ESR1) 2: Estrogen receptor-β (ERβ; NR3A2, ESR2)
1: Estrogen-related receptor-α (ERRα; NR3B1, ESRRA) 2: Estrogen-related receptor-β (ERRβ; NR3B2, ESRRB) 3: Estrogen-related receptor-γ (ERRγ; NR3B3, ESRRG)
Group C: 3-Ketosteroid receptors
1: Glucocorticoid receptor (GR; NR3C1) (Cortisol) 2: Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR; NR3C2) (Aldosterone) 3: Progesterone receptor (PR; NR3C3, PGR) (Sex hormones: Progesterone) 4: Androgen receptor (AR; NR3C4, AR) (Sex hormones: Testosterone)
Labs working on this gene
Please input related labs here.
References
- ↑ Mangelsdorf DJ, Thummel C, Beato M, Herrlich P, Schutz G, Umesono K, Blumberg B, Kastner P, Mark M, Chambon P, Evans RM (1995). "The nuclear receptor superfamily: the second decade". Cell 83 (6): 835–9. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90199-X. PMID 852.
- ↑ Novac N, Heinzel T (2004). "Nuclear receptors: overview and classification". Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy 3 (4): 335–46. doi:10.2174/1568010042634541. PMID 15584884.
- ↑ Luconi M, Francavilla F, Porazzi I, Macerola B, Forti G, Baldi E (August 2004). "Human spermatozoa as a model for studying membrane receptors mediating rapid nongenomic effects of progesterone and estrogens". Steroids 69 (8–9): 553–9. doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2004.05.013. PMID 15288769.
- ↑ Aquila S, Sisci D, Gentile M, Middea E, Catalano S, Carpino A, Rago V, Andò S (March 2004). "Estrogen receptor (ER)alpha and ER beta are both expressed in human ejaculated spermatozoa: evidence of their direct interaction with phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase/Akt pathway". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89 (3): 1443–51. doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031681. PMID 15001646.
Structured Information
| Gene Name |
Os02g0100200 |
|---|---|
| Description |
Steroid nuclear receptor, ligand-binding domain containing protein |
| Version |
NM_001052115.1 GI:115443600 GeneID:4327972 |
| Length |
4599 bp |
| Definition |
Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os02g0100200, complete gene. |
| Source |
Oryza sativa Japonica Group ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP
clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
|
| Chromosome | |
| Location |
Chromosome 2:9298..13896 |
| Sequence Coding Region |
9542..9762,11085..11196,11328..12749,12830..13624 |
| Expression | |
| Genome Context |
<gbrowseImage1> name=NC_008395:9298..13896 source=RiceChromosome02 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage1> |
| Gene Structure |
<gbrowseImage2> name=NC_008395:9298..13896 source=RiceChromosome02 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage2> |
| Coding Sequence |
<cdnaseq>atgaggaagcgcactgcatctgatcgcattcgggtcccctccagcaaccccgcgccatcgccgtcgccgccgccgccgccgccgccgccggaggaacctgccgtgcccatgccgcatgttggggcccgccgctccacgcgcgtcttcgtgcccaagacgcccaggccgcctcagccttctgatcctgccagggtcctccgctccggcaagcgcctcgccttctccgaatcccccgccgacgcccactggttccagtgcaagcccaacaactgcttccacgtccatgaccaccaacgccaacttcacgacgaccccaagccaccgccgccgcctctgccgcgcacaaggtccttcgggatcgtctacagcaggaagcgccgccgccgcctccccgaacccaaggaggacaccaggtttgccattgtcttcactaggaagagacccaaggtcgccccttttcagcaccacgccccgaacgaccttgccaccatcccatgctcctcttccagggagtttgcctccaggactggcttctttgattcccatttcttgaccctggtggattgtattcccactaataaagctgacgctgccatgcttattgtccttgtggattcatcttgctctgggagctctcagcacttcttgcgcctcctcctctctgtgctgcgctggatgcgtagctgccgacggggcaaggtccgaaaccttgcctcctttctctcgtccgatgctgtcgccactgcgcttgcattgcggggattgcattttgtccagcttcaatgccggagagactgtgcattgtcacagagggctttggtgcaatgtggctggtgtgagcttcgtggtgccaaggattctgaaccattgttgtctgtcaatttcttggcagtcccttcttacttccagattttgcacttgttaatagcactcgagtcaatgtatcttccagctgtgattcgtacgagaatgcatttggttggtggagctgaagaaatttatcctcgcaccctattggaggaggattctgaatctctgagcactggggatactgatcctgctgttgacctgtgtagcaacaaactttgcagtgtggctcaagattatgtgccccttgaagagattgcaggagtggtggtccatggtctgaggctaaagaagcatcaaaggaagagaagctctatgcggcatcccctcagtcgacagcgtcttgctgcaagatttcccgacaaggtagttgcaacaaaccagaccgatgtggctagacagacagaagcggatgcgccaccctcagttagtccggagcttccactggagcctgtcaaacctaaagcagcactggaaatctctcttgatttgcttgaaaacatggatgacagtgatgtttcaactcctataggatcaaatgggaagcaaaagaggtcttctttgaaaagtcccattgagcgcatgaatgaaaggttggctttggctgaggttagacagaatatagattctgttcactgcagagcaaaccttttaattattcaacctgataggtgctggagggaagaaggcgctgaagttatgctggaaccatcggaatcaaatgagtggtgtatagctgtgaagatacatggtgtcaatagaatatctctgaagccttcggagcagaggttttatgttgttaaccggttcacccatgcctatattttggcagttgatgatggattgaagattgagttctctgataaatgggactggcttttgtttaaggagttgcaaattgagggtcgggagcgcaattcccagggaaagatgataccaattcctggtgtaaatgaggtttctgatgacatgggagtgattggaacatatcctttttcacgccctgtgccagactatatcagaatggcggatgatgaggttgggcgagctctctcaagggactctgtatatgatctggattctgaggatgaacagtggctcacccagttgaatcattcagattctgacagaaaaagcgcacatcttaatcatatttcttatgaagattttgaaaagatgattaccacgtttgaaaaggatgctttcaacaaccctgaaggaactagtgatttggatcagattctttccagataccctactttggaaaaggaccataatgtccttgctgtgcatgaatattggataaacaagagatataagaaaggtgtaccactgctaaggatattgcagggtgcaacactaagacgaggacaactgtcacaaagatctattaagaaaaaaagatctttcaagagacaaagaagccaagctggccgtggaaagcctgacatatgcttgcaagatgctaatggtgctgaagaggaggctttgcggagagttgtggaagccgaacgtgctgcaacacaggcaggagaaacagctgttcgtctgcgcagtagagctcagcgtctcatggcaaaggctgagctggtggcatacaaatctattatggccctcaggattgctgaggctgctaggatatctgactcgtcacgggatcttgttttgacgaccctcgactag</cdnaseq> |
| Protein Sequence |
<aaseq>MRKRTASDRIRVPSSNPAPSPSPPPPPPPPEEPAVPMPHVGARR STRVFVPKTPRPPQPSDPARVLRSGKRLAFSESPADAHWFQCKPNNCFHVHDHQRQLH DDPKPPPPPLPRTRSFGIVYSRKRRRRLPEPKEDTRFAIVFTRKRPKVAPFQHHAPND LATIPCSSSREFASRTGFFDSHFLTLVDCIPTNKADAAMLIVLVDSSCSGSSQHFLRL LLSVLRWMRSCRRGKVRNLASFLSSDAVATALALRGLHFVQLQCRRDCALSQRALVQC GWCELRGAKDSEPLLSVNFLAVPSYFQILHLLIALESMYLPAVIRTRMHLVGGAEEIY PRTLLEEDSESLSTGDTDPAVDLCSNKLCSVAQDYVPLEEIAGVVVHGLRLKKHQRKR SSMRHPLSRQRLAARFPDKVVATNQTDVARQTEADAPPSVSPELPLEPVKPKAALEIS LDLLENMDDSDVSTPIGSNGKQKRSSLKSPIERMNERLALAEVRQNIDSVHCRANLLI IQPDRCWREEGAEVMLEPSESNEWCIAVKIHGVNRISLKPSEQRFYVVNRFTHAYILA VDDGLKIEFSDKWDWLLFKELQIEGRERNSQGKMIPIPGVNEVSDDMGVIGTYPFSRP VPDYIRMADDEVGRALSRDSVYDLDSEDEQWLTQLNHSDSDRKSAHLNHISYEDFEKM ITTFEKDAFNNPEGTSDLDQILSRYPTLEKDHNVLAVHEYWINKRYKKGVPLLRILQG ATLRRGQLSQRSIKKKRSFKRQRSQAGRGKPDICLQDANGAEEEALRRVVEAERAATQ AGETAVRLRSRAQRLMAKAELVAYKSIMALRIAEAARISDSSRDLVLTTLD</aaseq> |
| Gene Sequence |
<dnaseqindica>4135..4355#2701..2812#1148..2569#273..1067#acccgcaaccccaacggaggaggaagggaagaagggaggaaaccctaaaattcctcttctccttctgctctcgattcgattcgatctcgtcgccacgcccccgcccccgcccccgccccgccccgcaagccgccgatctgttgcgcctcgtcaagaccccccagcccaagatctgattcgtttcgattccgagctgagcagcagcaggagcaggaggaggaggaggagctcatcgatttggtggttgctgatgggcggcgcatccatgttggatgaggaagcgcactgcatctgatcgcattcgggtcccctccagcaaccccgcgccatcgccgtcgccgccgccgccgccgccgccgccggaggaacctgccgtgcccatgccgcatgttggggcccgccgctccacgcgcgtcttcgtgcccaagacgcccaggccgcctcagccttctgatcctgccagggtcctccgctccggcaagcgcctcgccttctccgaatcccccgccgacgcccactggttccagtgcaagcccaacaactgcttccacgtccatgaccaccaacgccaacttcacgacgaccccaagccaccgccgccgcctctgccgcgcacaaggtccttcgggatcgtctacagcaggaagcgccgccgccgcctccccgaacccaaggaggacaccaggtttgccattgtcttcactaggaagagacccaaggtcgccccttttcagcaccacgccccgaacgaccttgccaccatcccatgctcctcttccagggagtttgcctccaggactggcttctttgattcccatttcttgaccctggtggattgtattcccactaataaagctgacgctgccatgcttattgtccttgtggattcatcttgctctgggagctctcagcacttcttgcgcctcctcctctctgtgctgcgctggatgcgtagctgccgacggggcaaggtccgaaaccttgcctcctttctctcgtccgatgctgtcgccactgcgcttgcattgcggggattgcattttgtccagcttcaatgccggagagacgtaagccttctacagacttaaaaagtgtgccagttttagttccttgtacacctggttaatgtgtatgccttttcttgcagtgtgcattgtcacagagggctttggtgcaatgtggctggtgtgagcttcgtggtgccaaggattctgaaccattgttgtctgtcaatttcttggcagtcccttcttacttccagattttgcacttgttaatagcactcgagtcaatgtatcttccagctgtgattcgtacgagaatgcatttggttggtggagctgaagaaatttatcctcgcaccctattggaggaggattctgaatctctgagcactggggatactgatcctgctgttgacctgtgtagcaacaaactttgcagtgtggctcaagattatgtgccccttgaagagattgcaggagtggtggtccatggtctgaggctaaagaagcatcaaaggaagagaagctctatgcggcatcccctcagtcgacagcgtcttgctgcaagatttcccgacaaggtagttgcaacaaaccagaccgatgtggctagacagacagaagcggatgcgccaccctcagttagtccggagcttccactggagcctgtcaaacctaaagcagcactggaaatctctcttgatttgcttgaaaacatggatgacagtgatgtttcaactcctataggatcaaatgggaagcaaaagaggtcttctttgaaaagtcccattgagcgcatgaatgaaaggttggctttggctgaggttagacagaatatagattctgttcactgcagagcaaaccttttaattattcaacctgataggtgctggagggaagaaggcgctgaagttatgctggaaccatcggaatcaaatgagtggtgtatagctgtgaagatacatggtgtcaatagaatatctctgaagccttcggagcagaggttttatgttgttaaccggttcacccatgcctatattttggcagttgatgatggattgaagattgagttctctgataaatgggactggcttttgtttaaggagttgcaaattgagggtcgggagcgcaattcccagggaaagatgataccaattcctggtgtaaatgaggtttctgatgacatgggagtgattggaacatatcctttttcacgccctgtgccagactatatcagaatggcggatgatgaggttgggcgagctctctcaagggactctgtatatgatctggattctgaggatgaacagtggctcacccagttgaatcattcagattctgacagaaaaagcgcacatcttaatcatatttcttatgaagattttgaaaagatgattaccacgtttgaaaaggatgctttcaacaaccctgaaggaactagtgatttggatcagattctttccagataccctactttggaaaaggaccataatgtccttgctgtgcatgaatattggataaacaagagatataagaaaggtgtaccactgctaaggatattgcaggtattttttgactttatcccttccccaaatattaatacaaagctggaaccttcacaaagattaccctctattgtctgcatatcctgaacttctggttatattttctaaatgttaaccttcttgatcattagggtgcaacactaagacgaggacaactgtcacaaagatctattaagaaaaaaagatctttcaagagacaaagaagccaagctggccgtggaaagcctgacatatgcttgcaaggtactgatgttttctccttgatgtctatcttactagagaattgggaccgccattggcgtggcccttcacttagttgaagcaagaaagcatcataaaagatacaagaagcttctttatccatttgtccgaagagtgacctcaattgatttcggaagccatgtgaatctttttttctttcacataagaaaccacatccttctatgcctgaaatatcaagcactcctaatattatatctaatcctacattttagcatctgtaaggttacagtgttagtttccctgcctctggtgtattaccaattttccatatcaaggtgcacaaagttgctaagtagatggccatggtattttagctacattcgatccagttggaaatagttgggtgtaaacatgtgtatatataattactttgataagaatggttacagaaaaatgcatgcataatttgtagtaatcggcaaactaacaaatctattggaaatgataacttctcactccatcccaaaatttatccagaagttgctatattttggggaggaggtggtaataaatttctacttgccacccttagtagatactacacagttaataaaatagcactaattgtggcatatataaatatgaaccttggatataacgtagaatacttgttgtgtaatgttatgtaaggaactctactaaaatatgaagcatgttatatgttctatcatatttttggtgaatgaaccactagtaattttgggcctatgtattcacaaacgaaacaactctcctatgaggcctaacaatagaatgcttgctccttgtgaggagagagtcctcggtgaattactttgggacaggttacagttagctattcagccagtgtctcaaacccttaataaatgctaatgtttagggcaaatagcacttatcatcaaaactatgattcagatgagatccatcatcgcagcttgtcgccaagaccaccttgttcacttgtagctttttcatccttttccaataatagttgcagatttattcttcaccttgtccctctcatctgctaggtgattcaactcctgtagcagcagatctgtgcaatcctagttcacaaacaatacaaactgcaaaacaatccagatcatgcttgatgaaagcatgctccctgtaattatgaagaaactaattactagtaacatttatgaccattgttccactggtacatgcatgcaagtttgtgtaccataacgtagcgtttttttatcccgatgttgcagactaagttcctactgaggggaaataatcttgtgttgtcttttactcgacatgttgatggacagatgctaatggtgctgaagaggaggctttgcggagagttgtggaagccgaacgtgctgcaacacaggcaggagaaacagctgttcgtctgcgcagtagagctcagcgtctcatggcaaaggctgagctggtggcatacaaatctattatggccctcaggattgctgaggctgctaggatatctgactcgtcacgggatcttgttttgacgaccctcgactagtgaagaatgtgagtgagatgttcattgatttgtgtgaagagcatagtagccaatagtttgttttcctcttttttgccgcatcatttcaatgctacgtggtatttggctttcgggtaagctgtgggctgtgggtctcttttttcctccccacctgttttaactttgtgaagccaatctttgtagcggatgcttgaactcaactgtaatctcttgtgtacatgatagtggttagttagattgtgtg</dnaseqindica> |
| External Link(s) |
