Os11g0490600

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Annotated Information

Function

LAZY1 (LA1) gene regulates shoot gravitropism by which the rice tiller angle is controlled. LA1, a novel grass-specific gene, is temporally and spatially expressed, and plays a negative role in polar auxin transport (PAT). Loss-of-function of LA1 enhances PAT greatly and thus alters the endogenous IAA distribution in shoots, leading to thereduced gravitropism, and therefore the tiller-spreading phenotype of rice plants. LA1 is an essential regulator of tiller angle of rice, opening a promising way for breeders to develop elite rice cultivars and other cereal crops with optimal plant architecture. LA1ΔN100 is the truncated LA1 with a deletion of amino-acid residues1-100 that contain a predicted transmembrane domain. LA1ΔNLS refers to the LA1 truncated from amino-acid residues 286 to 312, a segment containing a putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) domain. The 996-1571 bp region of the LA1 gene was subcloned into the T-easy vector and used as templates to generate sense and antisense RNA probes. Rice LA1gene is responsible for the tiller-spreading phenotype of mutant plants.

Mutation

Mutations were also identified in the la1-Shiokari allele with a prostrate phenotype similar to la1-ZF802. Sequence analysis revealed a single base substitute (TGG→TGA) at the second exon of LOC_Os03g03150 in tad1, which produces a premature stop codon. LOC_Os03g03150 is the TAD1 gene and the premature mutation is responsible for the phenotypes of the tad1 mutant plant. TAD1 is involved in regulating the exit of mitosis and it is indeed a functional cell-cycle switch protein homolo¬gous to Cdh1. Mutation in LA1 results in a significant increase in PAT and thus impairs the IAA differential distribution in la1-ZF802, which ultimately leads to a reduced gravitropic response in the mutant shoots.

Expression

LA1 is a finely regulated temporally and spatially expressed gene, and that the region of its specific expression may play an important role in controlling the rice tiller angle.

Evolution

LA1 may represent a new type of regulating proteins that shuttle between the plasma membrane and the nucleus. Further investigations of LA1 functions will allow for a better understanding of the mechanism underlying the monocotyledonous shoot gravitropism.

Labs working on this gene

1、State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; 2、State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China

References

1. Morita MT, Tasaka M. Gravity sensing and signaling. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2004; 7:712-718. 2. Perbal G, Driss-Ecole D. Mechanotransduction in gravisensing cells. Trends Plant Sci 2003; 8:498-504. 3.Fukaki H, Wysocka-Diller J, Kato T, Fujisawa H, Benfey PN Tasaka M. Genetic evidence that the endodermis is essential for shoot gravitropism in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 1998; 14:425-430. 4. Tsugeki R, Olson ML, Fedoroff NV. Transposon tagging and the study of root development in Arabidopsis. Gravit Space Biol Bull 1998; 11:79-87. 5. Moore I. Gravitropism: lateral thinking in auxin transport. CurrBiol 2002; 12:452-454. 6. Kim SK, Chang SC, Lee EJ, et al. Involvement of brassinosteroids in the gravitropic response of primary root of maize. Plant Physiol 2000; 123:997-1004. 7. Gutjahr C, Riemann M, Muller A, Duchting P, Weiler EW, Nick P. Cholodny-Went revisited: a role for jasmonate in gravitropism of rice coleoptiles. Planta 2005; 222:575-585. 8. Aloni R, Langhans M, Aloni E, Ullrich CI. Role of cytokinin in the regulation of root gravitropism. Planta 2004; 220:177-182. 9 Gutjahr C, Riemann M, Muller A, Duchting P, Weiler EW, Nick P. Cholodny-Went revisited: a role for jasmonate in gravitropism of rice coleoptiles. Planta 2005; 222:575-585. 10 Aloni R, Langhans M, Aloni E, Ullrich CI. Role of cytokinin in the regulation of root gravitropism. Planta 2004; 220:177-182. 11 Heilmann I, Shin J, Huang J, Perera IY, Davies E. Transient dissociation of polyribosomes and concurrent recruitment of calreticulin and calmodulin transcripts in gravistimulated maize pulvini. Plant Physiol 2001; 127:1193-1203. 12 Belyavskaya NA. Changes in calcium signalling, gravitropism, and statocyte ultrastructure in pea roots induced by calcium channel blockers. J Gravit Physiol 2004; 11:P209-P210. 13 Fasano JM, Swanson SJ, Blancaflor EB, Dowd PE, Kao TH, Gilroy S. Changes in root cap pH are required for the gravityresponse of the Arabidopsis root. Plant Cell 2001; 13:907-921. 14 Monshausen GB, Sievers A. Basipetal propagation of gravityinduced surface pH changes along primary roots of Lepidium sativum L. Planta 2002; 215:980-988. 15 Perera IY, Heilmann I, Chang SC, Boss WF, Kaufman PB. A role for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in gravitropic signaling and the retention of cold-perceived gravistimulation of ooat shoot pulvini. Plant Physiol 2001; 125:1499-1507. 16 Perera IY, Hung CY, Brady S, Muday GK, Boss WF. A universal role for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-mediated signaling in plant gravitropism. Plant Physiol 2006; 140:746-760. 17 Guan C, Rosen ES, Boonsirichai K, Poff KL, Masson PH. The ARG1-LIKE2 gene of Arabidopsis functions in a gravity signal transduction pathway that is genetically distinct from the PGM pathway. Plant Physiol 2003; 133:100-112. 18 Sedbrook JC, Chen R, Masson PH. ARG1 (Altered Response to Gravity) encodes a DnaJ-like protein that potentially interacts with the cytoskeleton. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96:1140-1145. 19 Went FW, Thimann KV, eds. Phytohormones. New York: Macmillan, 1937. 20 Richard D, Firn, Wagstaff C, Digby J. The use of mutants to probe models of gravitropism. J Exp Bot 2000; 51:1323-1340.

Supplementary information

It is linked to the online version of the paper on the Cell Research website.

Structured Information

Gene Name	Os11g0490600
Description	Conserved hypothetical protein
Version	NM_001074458.1 GI:115485564 GeneID:4350543
Length	5524 bp
Definition	Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os11g0490600, complete gene.
Source	Oryza sativa Japonica Group ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
Chromosome	Chromosome 11
Location	Chromosome 11:19145382..19150905
Sequence Coding Region	19145410..19145415,19145782..19145851,19147818..19148686,19150064..19150349,19150566..19150585
Expression	GEO Profiles:Os11g0490600
Genome Context	<gbrowseImage1> name=NC_008404:19145382..19150905 source=RiceChromosome11 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage1>
Gene Structure	<gbrowseImage2> name=NC_008404:19145382..19150905 source=RiceChromosome11 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage2>
Coding Sequence	<cdnaseq>atgaagctcttaggttggatgcatcgaaagctacggagtaataatgacgtgttcaaagagttcaacaccggaggaggtggggcctgcaactgcatcaccgggcttgcctcgcctgaccacgacaacgactacttctccggcgacgacgccgcccacgcctcgccgccggtcaccgccggcgacctcttcaccttcggcggcagcggccttctcaccatcggcacgctaggcatcgccgccgtcgccattcccagcggcggcgacgacgacgactacgacatcgacttcgaggtggacgccaccagcgacgacgacggcggcttcaccgtcgaggacgacgacgccgacgtcggcggcgccgtcacgcccaccttcaccttccccgcggcgacggcggcggaggcggtcgtcgccaccgtggagaaggcagtggccgcggtggaggcgatcgcggagaaggacgacgacaccaccacggaggacgacctgatggtggtgagcgccgagctggagaaggtgctcggcggcgtcgacgtggcgtcggcgcgggtgagcttcgccatgggcggtggcgtcgactgcccgctccagggcttcctgttcggctccccggtgagcgacgtcgagtcgcgcccggagtacctgcaggcgccgcgggactcgtccggctcctgcggcggcggcgggcggcgcacctcgctcggcgagctgttcatgcgcacccgcttcgccgacgagaaggtggcgctcgtcgccgtcgccgagggcgaggacggcgtcgccggcgacgacggcgctgctgctgccggcgtcggcggagacagagcggggaaaggcggcggctacaagacgatgaagaagaggaaggtgaaggacgagaaaggcggcggcggcgccgccggcggtggaatgccggcgacggtgacgaagagcaagtttcagaagatccttcaaatcttccacaggaaagtctaccccgagaacacactcctcacaaggaatctgaccaagaagagccgcaaccgcggcgccaccgataatggcggtggcgccgtggccaccggagaccccgacgggcctctggcctcgccggtgctccggtgccggaaggaccatcccatgaggggcttcggctgctgcaccaatggcgccttcggtgcatcgtcaccgggaggcaacgccgagatgaacggcaacaagagcggccactggatcaagactgatgccgactacttggtgctggaattataa</cdnaseq>
Protein Sequence	<aaseq>MKLLGWMHRKLRSNNDVFKEFNTGGGGACNCITGLASPDHDNDY FSGDDAAHASPPVTAGDLFTFGGSGLLTIGTLGIAAVAIPSGGDDDDYDIDFEVDATS DDDGGFTVEDDDADVGGAVTPTFTFPAATAAEAVVATVEKAVAAVEAIAEKDDDTTTE DDLMVVSAELEKVLGGVDVASARVSFAMGGGVDCPLQGFLFGSPVSDVESRPEYLQAP RDSSGSCGGGGRRTSLGELFMRTRFADEKVALVAVAEGEDGVAGDDGAAAAGVGGDRA GKGGGYKTMKKRKVKDEKGGGGAAGGGMPATVTKSKFQKILQIFHRKVYPENTLLTRN LTKKSRNRGATDNGGGAVATGDPDGPLASPVLRCRKDHPMRGFGCCTNGAFGASSPGG NAEMNGNKSGHWIKTDADYLVLEL</aaseq>
Gene Sequence	<dnaseqindica>29..34#401..470#2437..3305#4683..4968#5185..5204#atcttagcacgctaaaccggcttccaagatgaaggttagtgtttcatctattgaacatatccatgcttattagtttcgtaatgtagatactaagtttatgtatatgtagttctcttttggaacttgagttgttaatttctttttgtaaatattttttgtttggtttggttacgttgctggcctagctgatcatgctttctgggttgaataaatgtagctacaactattaatcctttattttgtttttccatcattgccgttgtcatcatctttcattgtcatcatcatcttctccttttgacgatcttcatcagatcttgatcaaaagtaatagaccatgcattttcatgattgatgaagttcataaaaatttctgatcctcatatgtgtatatgatcagctcttaggttggatgcatcgaaagctacggagtaataatgacgtgttcaaagagttcaacaccggaggaggtatgcacgcacaacttaattaatctattttttgtcctttttttcttatgtttaattgatgaagtataattgttttgaaaaatacagtagctcgtaacacaaacgcactcacctctagtactctctccagtgtttttatatattaaactaacgtcatataaaaaattgaagttagtatatatgtataatagttcatcggtacatgcagaaaaaaaaaagagtttgtctctggttttagatctgtaagcatgcccacaataatgagaaaaccactgcaaaattgttggccggccggtcccacatgtcattgaccagattagccgtctgaagtgctgaactgtatggaacactagcaatcatcaatgggagttttgcactcttgcgcttggtcacattggagatggcacatctatctataatatcacacatgccacttttcttccagcctcaatatctatagttccagcactagctagctagctagaccaactattgcatagcaagaaccctatattatcattttgcagataacattttcttttccatgtagtaacattgccatggaaagatcacgagggcatgtctatcttttgtgaaactctctctctctccttttgaaggcttcctttgagagttttctccttgttggactgttgctcttaggctcagcatgttaatatcagagttttcgcccgtttttcataaatcaattgtgccgttgtaagatttttgcgtccagttttccttataaactggacctctctgcctgtttcctcgagaaaaattgtccaagagcattctcgacgattcaacaactagaattcaacaaataaagatttttatatatggtgcatatggtacggtgagatattgtatttttagtgtgagataccaaaagagctacaacaaattaatacgataaaataagggaaatttcatggactaactagttagaaacatattttgagtaaatgaaaattttattttattaccttggtttacaaaagacttataataagtgctgtcaaacatctaaaatgttaaattcttaatagacgaaaagtattagaatttaaaacgtgaaaattatatactttttgatgaaaaatagtaggaatgtgaaaattatattagtagactttttttgatgaaaactctttcatatagttatatgttaattttttataactatatagtttgagaaagtaatcatataacttttgcattaaaaaatgtgtcaatgtccaaaacattatcttaattaacccggtccttctcctcccaaaggaacacataaaaaaggacaaaaaccaatacatcttgaaaaacttacatagaaaaagcttaatcatattttatatcaccctgatcccgttgcaacgcacatgaatgtaactatttctttttaaaatggtgttgtacttcataaatttgaaacaaaaaaaatacatataatgtaacccttttaatttctgaaacacatcaaaacttttctttctcaaaaaaaagaaaagaaaacacatgaaagcctgcataattttgcatgcaaatgatcgtactccttcctttttaaggttacaagactttcttacattacccaaatttatatagataataaatctagacacaaatatatgtgatttattaatatgtatatgaatgtgaacaatgccaaaaagtcttataatataaaatggagaaagtatttaatactccctcagtttctaaatatttgacaccattgattttttaaacatgtttaatcattcgtcttattcaaaaattttaagtaattattaattattttcctatcatttgattcattgttaaatatacttttatgtatacatataattttacgtatttcacaaaagtttttgataagacggacggtcaaacatgtgctaaaaagtcaactgtgtcagatatttagaaacggagggagtaattcactgtgtgactgcaggtggggcctgcaactgcatcaccgggcttgcctcgcctgaccacgacaacgactacttctccggcgacgacgccgcccacgcctcgccgccggtcaccgccggcgacctcttcaccttcggcggcagcggccttctcaccatcggcacgctaggcatcgccgccgtcgccattcccagcggcggcgacgacgacgactacgacatcgacttcgaggtggacgccaccagcgacgacgacggcggcttcaccgtcgaggacgacgacgccgacgtcggcggcgccgtcacgcccaccttcaccttccccgcggcgacggcggcggaggcggtcgtcgccaccgtggagaaggcagtggccgcggtggaggcgatcgcggagaaggacgacgacaccaccacggaggacgacctgatggtggtgagcgccgagctggagaaggtgctcggcggcgtcgacgtggcgtcggcgcgggtgagcttcgccatgggcggtggcgtcgactgcccgctccagggcttcctgttcggctccccggtgagcgacgtcgagtcgcgcccggagtacctgcaggcgccgcgggactcgtccggctcctgcggcggcggcgggcggcgcacctcgctcggcgagctgttcatgcgcacccgcttcgccgacgagaaggtggcgctcgtcgccgtcgccgagggcgaggacggcgtcgccggcgacgacggcgctgctgctgccggcgtcggcggagacagagcggggaaaggcggcggctacaagacgatgaagaagaggaaggtgaaggacgagaaaggcggcggcggcgccgccggcggtggaatgccggcgacggtgacgaagagcaagtttcagaaggtaacttttttttttgttgttgctagcattttaatttgctttgaagaaaactataaaatatctgcaattttggctgactatttcatgaggtttccttggatatgatcatttgattaattagttcgttcgattgctatagttttagttcatttttctttaattaatttgtaataaaactcaagagttattgtgagttttttttttattatttttgcttcagtacgtgcattttctactagtgaaacttcaatattaaccaggccagtcgacatttcttaattgtgatttgatttaagggtcaagattagaactatagattgaatatgcaaagtttcagctcggacgacatttgaacatttgactaattatatatttccgagttcaattgtttgccggtaaaattctgaacttgcagttggaacattcaagattcaactctgattcacatgatctcgaactcaatatctccaactttataaaaagacaaaaagattactgctcaacggtgagtttaatgaaggaatgctcatcacagcaaatccataattctatataactctctgtaatatgtaatggtaagaaacagatattcatgattaaatcatttttccccttcagaaagaaatactgatttttcgtggtacatccaaaattactccaaagtttacactgaatttcacgctgttcttggtgtttaagattaattttaggtagatattttctagtcccgcaacaaagctgacaatgaaaaccccaaaactaatcctaaatgaaattctaaaattaagaaaaacagctttagattataaattttaatagtaagtccaaggaaatagccagcaatgttaataagattgctgataagaatatataacagtttggagccaatccatttcacatgtgtatcctgctctgggacataagtagacacaaatcccgagttttgactatcatctcataatcggaagatctttcactgtgtcgtcagattcgagttaagtttctgtagaccaacttggtgtgtcaatggtgttgttaggagtggggatactgggggcagtgagttgacatgcgatttgtttgcaatctcctgtctaatgctatctttatggatcatttcatttgtcatttttcgtttgccccataaacaacaagggattcttgatttgatatattatacatccttctaggtgctctcttgcatttcttttccttggagagatgctccaaatatccctcaaaagaaattctagattccttttgctactacttggtacttacatttaattttgttacaacgaatgaaagaaactgagtttcagaaagtgatcaaaagttgacaatgttctgaaatgaggaaacatctgctcattgcagatccttcaaatcttccacaggaaagtctaccccgagaacacactcctcacaaggaatctgaccaagaagagccgcaaccgcggcgccaccgataatggcggtggcgccgtggccaccggagaccccgacgggcctctggcctcgccggtgctccggtgccggaaggaccatcccatgaggggcttcggctgctgcaccaatggcgccttcggtgcatcgtcaccgggaggcaacgccgagatgaacggcaacaagagcggccactggatcaagactgatgccgactgtgagtagcactgcacaccttggtgtctccatccatcttcaatggatctatctttgcaatcatgcattcagtcttgacagctacatctttccatactatttttggggaatcttccaagagctatccatcactagtttctgagttactgtgtgctgatgcacacactgcaaacattgtgctttttcactgaaaccctgtctctctgatctgatgcagacttggtgctggaattataatggggaaaagaagaggagctatttgtttcatcaagaattaaagcttgaatagtgagcatctcatatatatgaatatgtgcttgctgttacaatataatctctatctgtttggtatagaagggcttgaatgtgctgtatatgtcactatatattgggggggagaggattactatgagatcaactcataagtgtgtggtgtttatatacattgctctgtgaatgtatgacagagatcagaacttaatgtattgtatgctttcttgatgtgattggtgtttatgagcctagctgatggcaatattgtgtgtgggtccacccct</dnaseqindica>
External Link(s)	NCBI Gene:Os11g0490600, RefSeq:Os11g0490600