Difference between revisions of "Os02g0765600"

From RiceWiki
Jump to: navigation, search
Line 1: Line 1:
−
Please input one-sentence summary here.
+
The rice '''''Os02g0765600''''' was reported as '''''Amy1A''''' in 2012 <ref name="ref1" /> by researchers from Japan.  
  
 
==Annotated Information==
 
==Annotated Information==
 +
===Gene Symbol===
 +
*'''''Os02g0765600''''' '''''<=>''''' '''''OsAmy1A''''','''''Amy1A'''''
 
===Function===
 
===Function===
−
Alpha-amylase gene, RAmylA, encodes rice α-amylase isoform A.
+
* '''''Amy1A''''' is a member of α-Amylase (EC3.2.1.1) gene family, which encodes a starch-hydrolyzing enzyme.
 +
* Activation of α-amylase by high temperature is a crucial trigger for grain chalkiness and that its suppression is a potential strategy for ameliorating grain damage from global warming
 +
* α-amylase is one of the enzymes involved in the first committed step for degradation of reserve starch. During the process, synthesis of a-amylase is up-regulated by a plant hormone, gibberellin (GA), but down-regulated by another hormone, abscisic acid (ABA), and by sugars.
  
 
===Expression===
 
===Expression===
−
A significant difference in the seed germinability was observed between the two rice cultivars, 'Nipponbare' and 'Suweon 287', under anoxia (i.e., during germination in submerged soil at 18℃), although little difference was seen under aerobic (in air) or hypoxic (in water) conditions. The number of α-amylase isoforms synthesized in germinating seeds was inversely proportional to the O2 concentrations at the early germination stage. The formation of isoform B was promoted by oxygen supply, while isoform H was undetectable if the seeds were unable to germinate. The activity of isoform H was highly correlated with the coleoptile length in the submerged soil at 18℃, indicating that isoform H is a critical factor for seed germination under anoxia.  The expression of the rice α-amylase RAmy1A gene was repressed when the seeds germinated under hypoxia or anoxia[1]. Northern blot analysis and RNA-PCR were used to detect the expression of α-amylase genes in various tissues. Alpha-amylase mRNA was abundant in germinating seeds and callus. RAmy1A and RAmy3E were expressed in all tissues and RAmy1A transcript was most abundant in the germinating seeds[2]. And RAmy1A was demonstrated to be sugar tepressed in rice embryos and functional dissection of the promoter of RAmy1A in relation of its sugar-modulated expression was performed[3].
+
* A series of quantitative real-time RT-PCR analyses using gene-specific primer sets for respective a-amylase genes revealed that the expression of '''''Amy1C''''' and '''''Amy3A''''' as well as '''''Amy1A''''', '''''Amy3D''''' and '''''Amy3E''''' was up-regulated under high temperature (33 °C/28 °C) in the middle of the ripening stage at around 15 days after flowering (DAF; Figure 1b).  
−
 
+
* '''''Amy1A''''' and '''''Amy1C''''' showed a similar pattern of expression in the high temperature plot, gradually increasing from 8 DAF and peaking at 15–20 DAF. '''''Amy3A''''' and '''''Amy3D''''' expression peaked around 15 DAF, while '''''Amy3E''''' showed high levels at 8–30 DAF in the high temperature plot. In contrast, the expression of '''''Amy2A''''', '''''Amy3B''''' and '''''Amy3C''''' was not induced by high temperature (Figure 1b).  
−
[[File:1-s2.0-S0014579398000672-gr1.jpg]]
+
* The intensity of the expression of all a-amylase genes in the course of grain filling clearly indicates that the newly characterized '''''Amy3A''''' gene was expressed at a considerable level under high temperature from 15 DA.
−
 
 
−
Fig. 1. Effect of glucose on mRNA levels of α-amylase genes (RAmy1A and RAmy3D) in rice embryos. Embryos dissected from the endosperm (control; lane 1) were incubated for 1 day on a glucose-free medium (1 DS, 1 day starvation; lane 2). After 1 day starvation, embryos were incubated for additional 2 days on a glucose-free medium (3 DS, 3 day starvation; lane 3), or for 2 days on a glucose-containing medium at the concentration of 10 mM (+Glc, 10 mM; lane 4), 30 mM (+Glc, 30 mM; lane 5) and 90 mM (+Glc, 90 mM; lane 6). A: Pattern and quantitation of RAmy1A mRNA level. Relative unit is expressed as lane 3: 100. B: Pattern and quantitation of RAmy3D mRNA level. C: Pattern of rRNA level. D: Glucose content in rice embryos used in the experiment. Data were derived from a part of Table 1. Relative glucose content is expressed as lane 6: 100.
 
−
 
 
−
===Ontology===
 
−
Gene ontology: The chemical reactions and pathways involve in carbohydrates.
 
−
----
 
−
Growth stage ontology: It occurs when the seed coat has imbibed adequate water becoming soft and elastic.
 
  
 +
[[File:Os02g0765600.png|center|thumb|727px|'''Figure 1.''' ''a-Amylase activity and expression levels of eight a-amylase genes during grain filling.<ref name="ref1" />.'']]
 
==Labs working on this gene==
 
==Labs working on this gene==
 
* National Agricultural Research Center, Joetsu, Japan
 
* National Agricultural Research Center, Joetsu, Japan
 
* RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
 
* RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
 
* Niigata University, Ikarashi, Niigata, Japan
 
* Niigata University, Ikarashi, Niigata, Japan
 +
 +
You can also add sub-section(s) at will.
  
 
==References==
 
==References==

Revision as of 09:28, 9 November 2016

The rice Os02g0765600 was reported as Amy1A in 2012 [1] by researchers from Japan.

Annotated Information

Gene Symbol

  • Os02g0765600 <=> OsAmy1A,Amy1A

Function

  • Amy1A is a member of α-Amylase (EC3.2.1.1) gene family, which encodes a starch-hydrolyzing enzyme.
  • Activation of α-amylase by high temperature is a crucial trigger for grain chalkiness and that its suppression is a potential strategy for ameliorating grain damage from global warming
  • α-amylase is one of the enzymes involved in the first committed step for degradation of reserve starch. During the process, synthesis of a-amylase is up-regulated by a plant hormone, gibberellin (GA), but down-regulated by another hormone, abscisic acid (ABA), and by sugars.

Expression

  • A series of quantitative real-time RT-PCR analyses using gene-specific primer sets for respective a-amylase genes revealed that the expression of Amy1C and Amy3A as well as Amy1A, Amy3D and Amy3E was up-regulated under high temperature (33 °C/28 °C) in the middle of the ripening stage at around 15 days after flowering (DAF; Figure 1b).
  • Amy1A and Amy1C showed a similar pattern of expression in the high temperature plot, gradually increasing from 8 DAF and peaking at 15–20 DAF. Amy3A and Amy3D expression peaked around 15 DAF, while Amy3E showed high levels at 8–30 DAF in the high temperature plot. In contrast, the expression of Amy2A, Amy3B and Amy3C was not induced by high temperature (Figure 1b).
  • The intensity of the expression of all a-amylase genes in the course of grain filling clearly indicates that the newly characterized Amy3A gene was expressed at a considerable level under high temperature from 15 DA.
Figure 1. a-Amylase activity and expression levels of eight a-amylase genes during grain filling.[1].

Labs working on this gene

  • National Agricultural Research Center, Joetsu, Japan
  • RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
  • Niigata University, Ikarashi, Niigata, Japan

You can also add sub-section(s) at will.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hakata M, Kuroda M, Miyashita T, et al. Suppression of α-amylase genes improves quality of rice grain ripened under high temperature.[J]. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2012, 10(9):1110–1117.

Structured Information

Retrieved from "https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/ricewiki/index.php?title=Os02g0765600&oldid=275396"