Os09g0395300

The rice SHALLOT-LIKE1 ( SLL1) gene, a member of KANADI family, is a key gene controlling rice leaf rolling.

Annotated Information

Function

Fig 1. sll1 has extremely incurved leaves, with deficiency of sclerenchymatous cells at the abaxial side .

Fig 3. Map-based cloning of SLL1, which encodes an MYB transcription factor .

Fig 8. Sll1 alters adaxial-abaxial pattern formation .

Fig 10. SLL1 Affected multiple developmental processes in rice .

To investigate the molecular mechanisms of rice leaf rolling, a rice mutant population (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica variety Nipponbare) generated by ethyl methanesulphonate mutagenesis was screened. Two allelic mutants with extremely incurved leaves were identified, designated as sll1-1 and sll1-2 (Fig. 1A ). sll1, a rice mutant with shallot-like Leaves, displays abnormal sclerenchymatous cell development in the abaxial cell layers, altered mesophyll cell distribution, increased amounts of chlorophyll, and enhanced photosynthesis .

Genetic analysis revealed that the abnormal character of sll1 was controlled by a single recessive gene. To isolate the relevant mutant gene, SLL1 was mapped to the long arm of rice chromosome 9 between markers RM1896 and RM3700. A large F2 mapping population was then generated, allowing the fine-mapping of SLL1 to a 29.57-kb region, using the sequence tagged site and simple sequence repeat markers (Fig. 3A). Three annotated candidate genes, encoding a hypothetical protein, an En/Spm-like transposon, and a transcription factor containing a MYB-like domain, respectively, were located in this region. Further amplification of the relevant DNA fragments and sequence comparison revealed differences in sll1-1 and sll1-2 alleles in the gene encoding the transcription factor containing the MYB-like domain. Comparison with the corresponding genomic sequence revealed that the SLL1 gene consists of six exons and five introns. The gene encodes a 377–amino acid MYB family transcription factor (Fig. 3B). Homologous analysis showed that SLL1 shares high similarity with the KANADI family members in Arabidopsis.

A distinguishing characteristic of the monocot leaf is that microhairs or ligules are present only at the adaxial surface. In sll1-1, the microhairs can be observed on both epidermal surfaces of some plants (Fig. 8A ), and the ligules exist on the abaxial side of the joint (Fig. 8B). This suggests an adaxialized trend in the abaxial epidermis of sll1-1 and indicates the involvement of SLL1 in the development of polarity throughout the leaf abaxial epidermis. SLL1 overexpression resulted in dwarf plants with twisted and abnormal inner rolled leaves. We also observed enlarged phloem in the midrib as well as large and small veins, revealing the enhanced abaxial features of leaves following SLL1 overexpression.

SLL1 affected developmental processes in multiple developmental stages, in accordance with its expression patterns. Aside from altered leaf morphology, other tissues, including seeds, anthers, and roots, displayed abnormal development in sll1 mutants (Fig. 10).

Expression

Fig 5. SLL1 expression pattern analysis .

Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed the expression of SLL1 in various tissues, including roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seedlings, with relatively high expression in leaf and seedlings (Fig. 5A , top panel). With an emphasis on the leaf, analysis by qRT-PCR showed that SLL1 is ubiquitously expressed in shoot apical meristem (SAM), leaf blade, or leaf sheath at different developmental stages (Figure 5A, bottom panel).

To assess the expression pattern comprehensively, β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity was examined histochemically in transgenic plants carrying an SLL1 promoter-GUS reporter gene. Results showed that SLL1 was transcribed in stem (Fig. 5B, panels 1 and 2), anthers of young or mature flowers (Fig. 5B, panels 3 to 5), pistil tip (Fig. 5B, panel 6), glume (Fig. 5B, panel 7), vascular tissues of mature seeds (Fig. 5B, panels 8 and 9), coleoptile and embryonic root of germinating seedlings (Fig. 5B, panel 10), and root vascular tissues (Fig. 5B, panel 11). In addition, SLL1 is highly transcribed in leaf veins and leaf sheath (Fig. 5C, panels 1 to 3), guard cells, and tracheal elements (Fig. 5C, panels 4 and 5).

The spatial and temporal localization of SLL1 during leaf development was further examined by in situ hybridization analysis. The mRNA expression of SLL1 was detected throughout the young leaf primordium (plastochrons 1 to 3) and was more intense in abaxial cell layer through leaf development (plastochrons 4 and 5) (Fig. 5D, panel 2). However, the SLL1 transcript did not demonstrate apical/basal polarity and did not accumulate at the apex of the meristem (Fig.e 5D, panel 3). Cross-section analysis of the shoot apex showed that SLL1 was more highly expressed in the abaxial cell layer, including the epidermis and vasculature of the early leaf blade (Fig. 5D, panels 5 and 6). In the mature leaf, SLL1 mainly accumulated at the abaxial epidermis, abaxial mesophyll cells, and vasculature (Fig. 5D, panels 8 and 9). In contrast with the sense probe (Fig. 5D, panels 4 and 7), SLL1 was transcribed at a relatively low level throughout other leaf positions including the adaxial epidermis (Fig. 5D, panels 5 and 6).

Evolution

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Labs working on this gene

• State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
• National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China

References

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Structured Information

Gene Name	Os09g0395300
Description	Similar to CDPK substrate protein 1
Version	NM_001069632.1 GI:115479006 GeneID:4346973
Length	7672 bp
Definition	Oryza sativa Japonica Group Os09g0395300, complete gene.
Source	Oryza sativa Japonica Group ORGANISM Oryza sativa Japonica Group Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
Chromosome	Chromosome 9
Location	Chromosome 9:14411926..14419597
Sequence Coding Region	14411926..14412128,14413047..14413888,14413990..14414066,14414656..14414701,14414841..14415084 ,14418440..14418512,14419481..14419597
Expression	GEO Profiles:Os09g0395300
Genome Context	<gbrowseImage1> name=NC_008402:14411926..14419597 source=RiceChromosome09 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage1>
Gene Structure	<gbrowseImage2> name=NC_008402:14411926..14419597 source=RiceChromosome09 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage2>
Coding Sequence	<cdnaseq>atggcaatggtgcgggagctcgagttgatgacgagctggagcaacagcatggggcgacaccgctacccaacgcgcatcctcgtcgattccttcgggcataagtgcagtgcctctgacaagggtgtgtggacctcctgcagcattcgcgcacccttgcaaggacgcggctccttccgacgtggcgcgaatattcgctttgggagcttgccgagcagcgcggcggtggcgacgtcggggggagggcgtggcggcggcggggtggtggtgggaggaggaggaggggacccgtggcggaggctggatgggtccacggcgtcgacggagttgtcgctgtcgccgccgccggcgcaggcggcgggtgggggaggtggtggtggtggagcggacgcgctgccgtggcggcaccgaccttcgccgccgtcgtcggcggtggccaccacgtctgccgccgccgcggcggcgctgatggcgccgatgatgctgcagccgctcgacgccggcggcggcgcgtcggcgccgccgccgccgatccgcgggatacctatctacaacggccccggcgggttcccgttcctgcagccgtcgcccaccgccggcgacgtcggccaccaccaccaccaccaccccaagatgggattctacagctcgtaccaccacccatccacgtggccctccacgtcgccgtccccgctcgcggcgccgccgggcgccgcgtcgtcgccgctcgaccccacggcggcgttcctctcctccccccaccaccggatgctgtccgccgcctcggggaggctcaacggcatgctctccgtctccgacaccctccgcagctacggcgtccccggcgccgccgcccccggcgtcatcggcggcgcgcaccaccaccaccaccacctccacggcggccagccgttcgtcggcgccctcgcgtcccgcttcatgcccaagctccccgccaagcgcagcatgcgcgcgccgcgcatgcgctggacgagcaccctccacgcccgcttcgtccacgccgtcgagctcctcggcggccacgagagggcgacgcccaagtcggtgctggagctcatggacgtcaaggatctgacgctagcgcatgtcaagagccacctccagatgtatcgcaccgtgaagagcactgacaagcctgcagcctcttcagggccggcggacggcggctccggcgacgaggagttcgccggcggcgggcaggcggcgtcgggcggcggcgacagcatgtgcctgaggggtggcggcggcggcggggtggccgcggcggcgttcgcggagcacggccggtcggcgtcggagggcgccgccagctcggtcggcggcggcggcggcggcgacatggaccagtcgtcggccggcaacaccagcaccaccaggtggagcaactcctcaagggacccatggctgtcgtccaattcttgcaacatggacgcccatcgctccgtaggattgtcttctcctattgaggttcttgcacttcctttagcctcattgatcatgtcagatactgcctacctgttcttttccagcaaccatggccggtgtgaaccggcctctcttgaccagaaactagcagatatctga</cdnaseq>
Protein Sequence	<aaseq>MAMVRELELMTSWSNSMGRHRYPTRILVDSFGHKCSASDKGVWT SCSIRAPLQGRGSFRRGANIRFGSLPSSAAVATSGGGRGGGGVVVGGGGGDPWRRLDG STASTELSLSPPPAQAAGGGGGGGGADALPWRHRPSPPSSAVATTSAAAAAALMAPMM LQPLDAGGGASAPPPPIRGIPIYNGPGGFPFLQPSPTAGDVGHHHHHHPKMGFYSSYH HPSTWPSTSPSPLAAPPGAASSPLDPTAAFLSSPHHRMLSAASGRLNGMLSVSDTLRS YGVPGAAAPGVIGGAHHHHHHLHGGQPFVGALASRFMPKLPAKRSMRAPRMRWTSTLH ARFVHAVELLGGHERATPKSVLELMDVKDLTLAHVKSHLQMYRTVKSTDKPAASSGPA DGGSGDEEFAGGGQAASGGGDSMCLRGGGGGGVAAAAFAEHGRSASEGAASSVGGGGG GDMDQSSAGNTSTTRWSNSSRDPWLSSNSCNMDAHRSVGLSSPIEVLALPLASLIMSD TAYLFFSSNHGRCEPASLDQKLADI</aaseq>
Gene Sequence	<dnaseqindica>1..203#1122..1963#2065..2141#2731..2776#2916..3159#6515..6587#7556..7672#atggcaatggtgcgggagctcgagttgatgacgagctggagcaacagcatggggcgacaccgctacccaacgcgcatcctcgtcgattccttcgggcataagtgcagtgcctctgacaagggtgtgtggacctcctgcagcattcgcgcacccttgcaaggacgcggctccttccgacgtggcgcgaatattcgctttgggaggtatgagactacgctccatggtggagcgttgggcgtgaccttagtgtgcgcatatgtaagctgtatgcgtacgtataaatgttgagcttgcagtacatgtatacttgtttttttcttcttttttatgaggtcctttaattccattgtctgtattatttatgctagtatggaggatgatggtggcagtgacataaagtatacaaaaagcatagtatagtatacgtatggaaacaaaagcatgctacctttgactccacttgcattgcctgctaactgccattatttaaggaatacatggttgaatgcctgcctaaacatcaagataacctcacattctcctctctctctctcctaccttgcaattaagggtagcagcagtactctcctcactgctggctgactgctcccattttctctctctactctctctctctctctctcctctattccttttatacttgttgttggtagctaggagtatagcaggacagcacaaggaaccaattcatgcatatatccctggtgtctctcatgcatgttagtgtgaagaaagaagaagcttgagagagaagagagagttagagagagaaagtagagtgtttgtagagagagaaagtggtgtgtgtactagtagtaactccaagccagtgctagagacagagatacaaaaaggagacatcatccttctcttggccaaagcaagcaaccaagcaaagcttcctcttcttctccaagaactccaagaaccttctccttcatcttctccaccatgattccttccatcgcatgagctccatctccggcgtgtcgatcgagatcaccgttgctgctgccgaggtggagaaggaggtgtttgatcgatcggtcgatggaggcgagctcggcggcgacgccaccggacctgtcgctgcacatcagcttgccgagcagcgcggcggtggcgacgtcggggggagggcgtggcggcggcggggtggtggtgggaggaggaggaggggacccgtggcggaggctggatgggtccacggcgtcgacggagttgtcgctgtcgccgccgccggcgcaggcggcgggtgggggaggtggtggtggtggagcggacgcgctgccgtggcggcaccgaccttcgccgccgtcgtcggcggtggccaccacgtctgccgccgccgcggcggcgctgatggcgccgatgatgctgcagccgctcgacgccggcggcggcgcgtcggcgccgccgccgccgatccgcgggatacctatctacaacggccccggcgggttcccgttcctgcagccgtcgcccaccgccggcgacgtcggccaccaccaccaccaccaccccaagatgggattctacagctcgtaccaccacccatccacgtggccctccacgtcgccgtccccgctcgcggcgccgccgggcgccgcgtcgtcgccgctcgaccccacggcggcgttcctctcctccccccaccaccggatgctgtccgccgcctcggggaggctcaacggcatgctctccgtctccgacaccctccgcagctacggcgtccccggcgccgccgcccccggcgtcatcggcggcgcgcaccaccaccaccaccacctccacggcggccagccgttcgtcggcgccctcgcgtcccgcttcatgcccaagctccccgccaagcgcagcatgcgcgcgccgcgcatgcgctggacgagcaccctccacgcccgcttcgtccacgccgtcgagctcctcggcggccacgagagtacgcccccgccatcatcgtcgtcgtcctcctcctccttctcaccaccatcatcaacgagctcgatcaatctgatgagaatccaatcttgttcttggcaggggcgacgcccaagtcggtgctggagctcatggacgtcaaggatctgacgctagcgcatgtcaagagccacctccaggtatcccgccattgccgaccaattctcacagctcgatcgatcgatcaaacaccactcaccactgcaccatctctctctttctctctctcgatttcgattccattcagcttctgttcttgatcatcttgtttgggtgagacaaagatgccaatgcagtaactcctgagttagtgaagaaactgccattcttgggagcagagagagagagtgtgtgtgtgacatgtttggggatgtgtgtgcaagagagaagagagagagagaggggaaaaaagttgccatcattacacaataatgcattgcatctgcatctgtgctactagctccttccttagctctagtcatactagcgtatatgtgcacggcccaaagcactctcacacacaaacacaagagagagagagagagagagaagaagaagatgagagatgagagagagtaggacatattttgtgtgtgtttctttgctgcttgtcttttgcaatggcttcaacctcctggtttcattttgatctcacaaaaaatgtgtgtgtgtgtgtaaatatatatattgatcttctttttgttggacttttgtgttttattactgcagatgtatcgcaccgtgaagagcactgacaagcctgcagcctcttcaggtgattttttttaccatggcagctactagtagtagtagtagtagctaatttagctaagctccattttgcttttctttttttttggcgttgtgcattgcgttttacattacattgttgctatggtttttttgacgtgtagggccggcggacggcggctccggcgacgaggagttcgccggcggcgggcaggcggcgtcgggcggcggcgacagcatgtgcctgaggggtggcggcggcggcggggtggccgcggcggcgttcgcggagcacggccggtcggcgtcggagggcgccgccagctcggtcggcggcggcggcggcggcgacatggaccagtcgtcggccggcaacaccagcaccaccaggtggagcaactcctcaaggtacacacatggcagagttgcatttcaagtctttcagattaattatatatctacattgttatgccatctttaattaattaaaaatgaaattaatcaatcagaatgtcatgagatgatgatgatgatgataataatactaggataggaagaggatgatatgatggatgggtgtgctatgtgtgtttttaagtgtgttttagcttagaaccaaaggcaacaccaacaaactttggcatgcattgatgatgtatctaaatatgagttagtgacatgcaaaattaacctgccaagtacaacctctatttattaattcccaaaaaaatctcatggaggagaagggagagagagagatagtagtaatgtgtggtgatgcatggctaaaaaagcttagcaaaagaatgttttgggggcacacacacacacacctggagagggagttgcctatgtttaggtggccaatgttgttatgtcacacaaaagaccaaaaagtcacacaccccatggcttggcctcctcctccccccttgacctgtgcagttagctaggcttcttctcttctctccctctgtgtttggtttttgtggagctaaaaacattttaaaaatcttgcaaacattgtgtgtaaaaataggttcttgggctctgcccattgtcctctagcttctctcaaatctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctctttctcaaacctagggaggggagggttactcaggcagggctccattatcatttcttatcaatgcatggctctgattccagggggatggggctttgacctgacatgccctattgcctaggaatatgtaaccaaggacttgctgcattcttggttctttctccctctctcaccagtctcttcaatgcccttttcttccacctcttgggcaattattagcatggatggagctcaccttttcactctaccctctagctgtgattaaatcattgactaatcctaattcataaatataagggattcaactatgtaactagatgtactagatcctagtattactagtgtgttttgattctgttaggaggagtgattagcgtttgtcgtaagtactagtattaaactataggggattagtgtagatcatttttttaaaaattagtgagtgtgcttgggcagattttactccagccattggcgtgaaaactttgatctttgggcagcttggaagcaagtacagttcaacctgtccttggctgcattcgctgctttttctttctcaggactcactgcaactttcttgccatccccaacacctccctttcggtcgtgtttgatcagttgcattgctggtttcttcgccgctttaatttctccatctttcttctgttccttattggctaagtaaaaaatcattctcagcaatcaagttttgaaattcaaattagcttcaggttttatctatctaataattctctgactagttctctttctttcaagacctgttcttgttcagaactcttatgcagttgagagttcagttgttcatggaagtaatggcaatgcctggtctagtctttgagcagtatcctccttatgctcttgattttccttcactttagccgtttcagtcaaactttggggacaaattaaagtcagctggtcaagtgcatacataccacgtcatattttttagatgaatccattgtagtattaaatactagtgacaaaaaaatataactaaatggcattaaattgcaaccttcttccccaaaataattgggcacaactaccttgcttgcatatgctttatagtactcctacttattacttccttgaatccatgaggattccaggaatttggtcaggtcaaatgtccaggaggaattaggctatctttttttatcttcttctttttcttctaggtagtaggatcgttgtgcacatataaacaaaacaaaatagaaatttaagaggaaaccctcccaaaaaaaatacgactatcaattatgagtgattttacagttcttgaggaggtacaatgatacattttctattttaaaattcagtaactttgatactatgaggtacagaaatttgcacaaaaaaaatttggtacctctcaagtacttaaaatatcttatcaattatatttcagcaatgttgtcgttgctcgagttgtgcaaaaacatttctgatgaacaagtggagatgtatgcatatttagagagggaaacacatgcattttttaatatacattctcatgacaaattttggtgttctcgtctcattttagtctagcttagattaatggcatccatatattggtgaactgaaacagattgtatatgtccagtcttgaacaaacttcattatacaatgcataatcagaaaagatacagacatatattggcagatcacataaagtggtgtatctatgattgggtggtattttggacatacaaagtctactggtccctcatttgttaacagcatacatttgttcctatcaagacaaaagcactttacaacagtttggtagtaagttggtgttatgtgcgtgtctatttagatagagtggtagtaaaggaaggacactttttcttgatataccaaaatcacacataaaaaagaagtgtcattttcatgatcaacatgtggggtatgaacaaaaatgttctcccccctccaaccaacattgaagtcatcacacataaaaagcaaaaacatttaacaataatacatgcagacacatgtgcatgcatgtgtggatcacgcaaggacatactaattcaattaggtattcacaattaattagtgcaggaaatgacatgtaattacaattatatatgcacaacgatccttgtgtatttgtgtgacccattgtagtagcatttgattcctttcttgtgcctttctctacattgaattcgatctttgccaacagcggcttgctgatgagctcctgtgccattgcactgctgagctgcaccaaacagggacatcttttaagagcttgttgcctggaaatgatccatgtaaccaactgttcaggaagagcacactgtttgctgctcactttagctaaagcaaaactgtgtgcattatgcaatgcatatgcatccttccatctacccctgtgtcctttgccccccaaactgtgtaactacagtttaccatgcacatacatacaatgcacatctacccaattgtagcattgttgcaaggcctacttcagaattcagttagtccccaattgatccaactgcacacatatacatttacatatacatatacacaaacataccagcttggagaaaaggttgtaacaactttgctaaatgtgagatgtgtaatgtgtgttcttcctcttttcagggacccatggctgtcgtccaattcttgcaacatggacgcccatcgctccgtaggattgtcttctcctattgaggtatatatccttacattgttcaaagcttctttcgattcctagctaactgcatatccatgcagaaattcattagctcgcattcattctgaacatgatgtctgaaactctgaattttttttcgtttgtgcgtgtttcagaacttggaaccgtgcagatcgagcagctcgcaggtgtccaaccatgagctgagtagccctagtctcgagttcactctagggaggcctgactggcacggtgcagatcatgattagatggcaatcacagaggctaatgatcaaaaaaaaatttctcctgagatgtgaaatatatatgtgatatacaccaacctggtgctgatcatctttcgccaaccccagcttagccagagccagttcgtctgaagcttgtcatggcgaagaatgatcagcagcaatggcttgaaacgcacatcatatccactgcgtcgtcgtcatcgtcgtcgcaatcgatcggagaagagatatatatttcgcgtctcgatctcatcatcacaatttgggttttcttgattccttcttcttcttctttttgcaattaatatcatggatgcagctagagtttccttgtctgatctccatatttatttagttttgttcgccgtgccgggatcgatttacagtgtagttcagtggtgagctagctagctagagagtgagtgagtgagtgtcagctaggcagctggagatcgagagtgtgagtttggtgatgagttggttgtgtgtttgtcagtgtgtgtgaaagtgtgtgtgccattagcacatggaaagttggaaaggagagaaaggaagaaagaaaagggaattgagttcaggtgaagcaatctgccaatctatctagctacctatctatccatctacttagctcagttgctcagatgatgatctcagatttccatggcccttttttgtgtgcatgcatgccgcatatgcttctttctttaatccctgcaggttcttgcacttcctttagcctcattgatcatgtcagatactgcctacctgttcttttccagcaaccatggccggtgtgaaccggcctctcttgaccagaaactagcagatatctga</dnaseqindica>
External Link(s)	NCBI Gene:Os09g0395300, RefSeq:Os09g0395300