Os08g0191433

Annotated Information

Figure A. SEM observations of a cross section of rice seeds were conducted

Function

OsSSIIIa plays an important role in starch granule structures, amylose ratios and metabolite changes of starch grains in the monocot plant rice. This gene OsIIIa is are major enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis in developing rice (Oryza sativaL.) endosperm.If OsSSIIIa gene encoding deletion or mutation , this will lead to changes in the grain starch -related traits.. It is also likely to be a good subject for exploring the link between cell growth and cell wall formation in rice.

Mutation

• FigureA shows the reduction of SSIIIa activity affects the distinct granular structure of starch in the endosperm. In the wild type, the

endospermstarch granules formed similarly sized polygonal granules with sharp edges. Several starch granules were tightly packed into the myloplasts, which were very abundant in the endosperm cells. In contrast, the amyloplasts of SSIIIa mutants were round shaped and relatively loosely packed into endosperm cell.

• Starch synthase IIIa (SSIIIa)-deficient rice (Oryza sativa) mutants were generated using retrotransposon insertion and chemicalmutagenesis. The lowest migrating SS activity bands on glycogen-containing native polyacrylamide gel, which were identifiedto be those for SSIIIa, were completely absent in these mutants, indicating that they are SSIIIa null mutants. The amylopectin B2 to B4chains with degree of polymerization (DP) $ 30 and the Mr of amylopectin in the mutant were reduced to about 60% and 70%of the wild-type values, respectively, suggesting that SSIIIa plays an important part in the elongation of amylopectin B2 to B4chains. Chains with DP 6 to 9 and DP 16 to 19 decreased while chains with DP 10 to 15 and DP 20 to 25 increased in the mutantsamylopectin. These changes in the SSIIIa mutants are almost opposite images of those of SSI-deficient rice mutant and werecaused by 1.3- to 1.7-fold increase of the amount of SSI in the mutants endosperm. Furthermore, the amylose content and theextralong chains (DP $ 500) of amylopectin were increased by 1.3- and 12-fold, respectively. These changes in the compositionin the mutants starch were caused by 1.4- to 1.7-fold increase in amounts of granules-bound starch synthase (GBSSI). The starchgranules of the mutants were smaller with round shape, and were less crystalline. Thus, deficiency in SSIIIa, the second majorSS isozyme in developing rice endosperm affected the structure of amylopectin, amylase content, and physicochemicalproperties of starch granules in two ways: directly by the SSIIIa deficiency itself and indirectly by the enhancement of both SSIand GBSSI gene transcripts..
  
  

Expression

• Expression pattern of BC12
  Quantitative PCR revealed that BC12 is universally expressed in all organs examined, with higher expression in panicles and culms. The RT-PCR analyses also shows greater expression of BC12 in the tissues enriched in dividing cells than in those enriched in non-dividing cells.
  
  
• Expression Analysis in Mutant
  Affymetrix whole-genomemicroarray chip analyses by Juan Li et al. shows that 116 downregulated and 125 upregulated genes in the mutant compared with the wild type (more than four fold expression change; Figure 2). Of note, the genes involved in cell wall expansion were significantly altered in expression in the mutant.
  Those encoding xylanase inhibitor protein and cellulose synthase (CESA6) were greatly upregulated. By contrast, the gene for lignin forming anionic peroxidase was downregulated. That imply BC12 might be involved in the regulation of genes associated with cell wall assembly.Of note, the expression of the rice KO gene KO2, a key enzyme in early GA synthesis, was greatly decreased in mutation compared with the wild type.

Figure 3. Phylogenetic tree of BC12 and representative homologs from Arabidopsis and animals.(from reference) .

Localization

The production of OsSSIIIa was located at both the nucleus and cytoplasm and associated with microtubule arrays during cell division. An NLS with 17 amino acid sequence was found in this gene.

Evolution

Phylogenetic analysis by Mu Zhang et al. revealed that BC12 and motor proteins selected from various kinesin subfamilies are divided into separated clades(Figure 3). Kinesin-4 proteins from several representative species were clustered together but formed different subclades. Among the kinesin-4 proteins, those from rice and Arabidopsis were found to belong to a monophyletic clade with 100% bootstrap support. BC12 showed the closest homology to FRA1, which has been reported to be involved in cellulose microfibril deposition.

Knowledge Extension

• Gibberellins (GAs) are one of the most important endogenous growth regulators in plants. They are not only required for stem elongation but indeed participate in most stages of plant development. GAs mediate between certain environmental signals (e.g. light quality and photoperiod) and the inducedphysiological responses (e.g. stem extension and flowering). GA-deficient mutants are usually much shorter than the wild type, which indicates the corresponding genes such as sd1 (Os01g0883800) in rice may have a relationship with The Green revolution.

• The biosynthesis of GA in higher plants can be divided into three stages: (1) biosynthesis of ent-kaurene in proplastids;(2) conversion of ent-kaurene to GA12 via microsomal cytochrome P450 monooxygenases;(3) formation of C20- and C19-GAs in the cytoplasm. GA biosynthesis is catalyzed by three classes of enzymes: terpene cyclases catalyze the synthesis of ent-kaurene from geranylgeranyl diphosphate; cytochrome P450 monooxygenases catalyze the steps of the pathway from ent-kaurene to GA12; and soluble dioxygenases catalyze the final steps of the pathway.

Structured Information

Gene Name	Os08g0191433
Description	'
Definition	{{{Definition}}}
LocusTag	{{{tag}}}
Ensembl Transcript ID	{{{tid}}}
Ensembl Protein ID	{{{pid}}}
Length	10824 bp Definition =putative soluble starch synthase III-2 [Oryza sativa Indica Group]
Source	Oryza sativa Indica Group (long-grained rice) ORGANISM Oryza sativa Indica Group Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BEP clade; Ehrhartoideae; Oryzeae; Oryza.
Chromosome	Chromosome 8
Location	Chromosome 8:5352105..5363367
Sequence Coding Region	1..1553 /coded_by="join(AY100469.1:145..2839, AY100469.1:3023..3237,AY100469.1:3771..4041, AY100469.1:4633..4808,AY100469.1:4934..5041, AY100469.1:5469..5578,AY100469.1:6943..7045, AY100469.1:7310..7480,AY100469.1:7604..7732, AY100469.1:7974..8156,AY100469.1:8264..8395, AY100469.1:8475..8586,AY100469.1:8755..8878, AY100469.1:9107..9239)" /note="similar to maize dull1 gene" GCID = <gbrowseImage1> name=5352105..5363367 source=RiceChromosome08 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage1>
Genome Context	{{{GCID}}}
Gene Structure	<gbrowseImage2> name=5352105..5363367 source=RiceChromosome08 preset=GeneLocation </gbrowseImage2>
Coding Sequence	<cdnaseq>ATGGAGATGGCTCTCCGGCCTCAAAGCCTTCTATGCCCTCGGAGCAGGCTGAAGGTCGTCATCCGGCCAGCTAGCAGTGCCAGCGGTGGTGGCCTCGCGCAGTATTTCTTAATGACCAGGAGATATACTGGAAGCAGAATTGTTCGATGCATGGTTTCAAGTTCAGACTGTCCTAATAGGAAAGCAAAGAGGACGATTTCCCTTCATACGGAAGTCGCTTCTTCTAGGGGATATGCTCCGAGAATTGCTGCTGAATCAAGTATTCAGGAGCGAGAACATATTAATAGTGATGAAGAAACATTTGATACGTACAACAGATTACTACGTAATGAGTCAACAGAGTGGAAAAAGTTAGATACTACTGAAGTGGATTTGTCACAAGATGTTTCAAGCAGTTCAATGAGGAAAGTGGATGCGACGGATGAAGCTAAGCTAGATATACTTGAGGATGATTTGCCCAGAAATTTGTTGAACGGTGTAACAATGGGGGAAGTAGATATGTTGGATGAAGCTGGGGCAGAAGATGATGTATTTGAGGTGGACTTGTCAGCCTTGCATAATTCCACAGTGGGGAAAATGGATGCGGTAAATGAAGTTGGGACTGAAAATGACTTATTTGAGGTGGATCTGTCAGCATTGCATAGTGCTGCAGTGGGGAAGGTGGATGTAGTAGATGGAGCTAAAGCTAAAGAAGATTTGTTTGAGATGGATTCATTAGCATTGCACAGTGTTACAATGGGGAAGGTGGATGCAATAAATGCAGCTGGAGCTGAAGGAGACAAATTTGAGGTGGATCTGTCTGCGCTCGCGTCGAACAATTCAATGATAGAGGCAGTTAATGTGATGGATGAAGCTAAGGCTATAGAAGACACACTCGAGGTGGATTTGTCAGGAAATGCTACAAGCAGTTCAACATATGGGGAAGTTAAATTTGAGGTGGATTCATTAGGAAATACTTCAAGCACTGTAATGTATGGGCCAGCGGATGGAGCGTATGAACCTCGGTCCGATGAAGTCACTTTTAAGGTGGATTCATCAGAAAATGCGTCAAACAATGTAATGTATGGGAGAGCAGATGTGGTGGATGAATCTTGGGCTGATGAAGGCATATTTGAGGTGGATTTTTTTACAAATGCTTCAAGCGGCGCAGAATATGGAAAAGTGGATGTGGTGGATGAAGCTAAAACTGATGATTTCACATTTGAGATTGATTCATTAGAAAAAGATTCAAACAATAAAATGCATGGGAAAGCTCATATGGTGGATGAAGCTTGGGACGATGAAGCCATATTTGAGGTTGATTTGTTTGGAAATGCTTCAAGCATTCCGATATATGGGGAGGTGAATGTGTTGGATGAAGCTCGGGCTGATGATGGAAAATTTGAGGTTGACTTATTAGGGAATACTTCTAGCAATTCAACACATGAGGAAGTGGATGTGGTAGATGAAGCTCAAACAGGTGAAGCCACATTTGAGGTGGATTTGCTTGGAAATGCTTTAAGCAGTGCAATATATAAAGAAGTGCCTGTCATGGGTGGAGCTCAGGATGATGAAGTTGATGTAGATTTCTCAATAAATGCTTCAATCACCGAAACAGAAAAGGAAGCAGATGCAGTTGATGAAGCTAGAGTTGAAGATGAGACATTTGATATGGATTTAGTAGGTAAACAGATATCAATCGATTCTATGAATGATGATGTAGTTGAAGAAGGGACTAAACATCACAGATATCCAATGTTGTCTTCAGCATTCATAGAAGTCAAGACCATTCATGAAACACCTGTAAGTTTAAAGCCTGAACTTATGTCAGTTGTCATGGATCAGGAACAAGACAAACCAATTTCCAGCGTTTATCAACAAGAAGGATCAATTTTTAATTTGCATGCAGAAAACCAATCAACGGTAGATTTTCATGAACGGGAGCAAATGGCTATTACTTTTGATAAACAAAAGGAATCAGTTGCTAAACTCTCTAAAGAAGACCAACAGACTGCTGGTTTACCTGAGCAAAACATGTCCTTTGATGGTGTCCATAGGAAAAGCCAGTCAATTATTGGGCTCCCATTTCAACACCAATCAATTGTTAGTTCCCCTGAAAAATACCGATCAATTGTGGGTTTTCATGGACAAAATCAATCAATCATCAGCTCTCATAAACAAGACAAATCAATTGTTGGTGTTCCTAAAAAAATTCAATCCATTGTTGGTTCCACTAAGCATGATGATTCAATTGTTGGTTTCCGCAAACAAGACAGATCAATTGTTAGTGTGCCTGAGCAAAAACAATCAATAGTTGGTTTTCATAAACAAGATCTATCAATTGTTGCTGTCAGCGAACAAAATCTATCAATTGTTGCTATACCTAGAGAGAGTCAATCAAAGCAAATTTCTATTGTTCGGAGACATGATCCACTACATTTGAAGGAAGTGGAAACAAAGGATAGAGATGGCATATCTAAAAAATCTGGTGGTGACGATGATTTGCCACATATGCTCTTCGAAGAAGAGCTTTCACAGGTTGAAGATGTAGCAAGGGCAATCGCCTATAAAAAGCAGCATGAAGTTGATGTAATCTCTTTGACTCCAGATATCCAGGAGTCACCACAGGACAATATCGACCCACAAGAACTCCGAAGGATGCTCCAAGAACTTGCTGACCAGAATTGTTCAATGGGTAACAAGCTTTTCGTTTTTCCAGAGGCAGTGAAGGCTAATTCGACAATTGATGTATATTTGAATCGTAACCTATCGGCTTTGGCGAATGAGCCTGATGTCCACATCAAAGGAGCATTCAATAGTTGGAGATGGAGGCCTTTCACCGAAAGACTGCACAAGAGTGAATTGAGTGGGGATTGGTGGTCTTGCAAACTGCACATACCCAAGGAAGCTTATAGATTAGACTTTGTGTTCTTCAATGGTCGTTTAGTCTATGATAACAATGATAGTAATGATTTTGTGCTGCAAGTAGAAAGTACAATGGATGAAGATTCCTTTGAGGAGTTCTTGGTTGAAGAAAAGAAAAGAGAACTTGAGAGAGTTGCCACTGAAGAAGCTGAAAGGAGGAGGCATGCTGAAGAGCAGCAGCGAATGGGAGAACAAAGGGCTGCAGAACAAGCTGCCAGGGAACAGGCTAAGAAGGAGATAGAGTTGAAGAAGAACAAATTGCAAAATCTGTTGAGTTCAGCCAGAACACATGTTGATAATTTGTGGCACATAGAGCCTAGCACATATAGACAAGGGGACACTGTCAGATTGTACTATAACAGAAACTCAAGGCCGCTTATGCATAGTACTGAGATCTGGATGCATGGTGGTTGCAATAGTTGGACTGATGGACTCTCTATTGTTGAAAGACTTGTCGAATGTGATGACGAAAATGGTGATTGGTGGTATGCTAATGTTCATATACCTGAAAAGGCCTTTGTATTGGACTGGGTTTTTGCTGACGGGCCACCTGGAAATGCAAGGAATTATGACAACAATGGTCGACAAGATTTTCATGCTATTCTTCCAAATGCCATGACTAACGAAGAATATTGGGTTGAAGAGGAAAACTGTATCTATACAAGGCTTCTCCACGAGATCAGAGAACGGGAGGAAGCTATTAAAATAAAGGTTGAGAAAAGAGCAAAAATGAAATCTGAGATGAAGGAAAAGACTATGAGAATGTTTCTACTTTCTCAGAAACACATTGTTTATACTGAACCACTTGAAATACGTGCTGGAACAACTGTGGATGTTCTATATAATCCTTCTAATACGGTGCTGAATGGAAAGCCAGAGGTTTGGTTTAGGTGGTCCTTTAACCGATGGATGCATCCAAGTGGTGTTTTACCACCCAAGAAGATGGTGAAAACAGAAGATGGTTGTCACTTAAAAGCGACAGTTAGTGTTCCATCGGATGCTTATATGATGGACTTTGTTTTCTCTGAGTCGGAAGAAGGTGGAATCTATGACAACAGGAATGGGACAGACTATCATATTCCTGTTTCTGGTTCCAATGCAAAGGAGCCTCCCATTCATATTGTCCATATAGCGGTTGAGATGGCACCCATTGCAAAGGTTGGAGGCCTTGCTGACGTTGTCACAAGTCTTTCACGTGCAATTCAAGAGTTAGGCCATCATGTTGAGGTTATTCTCCCGAAATATAATTTTATGAATCAAAGCAATGTGAAGAATTTGCATGTACGTCAAAGCTTTTCTTTGGGTGGTACAGAAATTAAAGTGTGGTTTGGACTAGTTGAAGACCTGTCTGTTTACTTCTTGGAACCTCAAAATGGGATGTTTGGGGGTGGATGGGTATATGGAGGGAACGATGCTGGCAGATTTGGCTTGTTCTGTCAGTCTGCTCTAGAGTTCCTCCTTCAGAGTGGATCTTCTCCACATATAATACACTGCCATGATTGGTCAAGTGCACCAGTTGCCTGGCTATACAAGGAACACTATGCAGAATCCAGGTTGGCAACTGCCCGGATTATATTTACCATCCATAATCTTGAGTTTGGAGCACATTTTATTGGAAAAGCAATGACATACTGCGACAAAGCCACAACTGTTTCTCACACGTATTCAAAGGAAGTCGCAGGTCATGGTGCCATAGCTCCTCATCGTGGAAAATTCTATGGAATTCTCAATGGAATTGATCCAGATATCTGGGATCCATATACTGATAACTTCATCCCGATGCATTATACTTCTGAAAATGTGGTTGAAGGCAAGAATGCTGCAAAGAGAGCATTGCAGCAGAGGTTTGGACTGCAGCAGACTGATGTCCCCATTGTTGGAATCATCACTCGTCTGACAGCCCAGAAGGGTATCCACCTCATTAAACATGCACTTCATCGGACACTTGAACGCAATGGACAGGTGGTTTTGCTTGGTTCAGCTCCAGATCCTCGGATACAGAGTGATTTCTGCAGATTGGCTGATAGTCTTCATGGTGAAAACCATGGCAGGATATATGCTGGCTCTGACTTCATCCTTGTTCCATCCATCTTTGAACCTTGCGGTTTGACTCAACTTGTTGCCATGCGCTATGGATCCATCCCTATTGTTCGGAAAACCGGAGGACTTTACGACACTGTTTTCGACGTAGACCATGACAAAGACCGGGCTCGAGTTCTAGGCCTTGAACCAAATGGGTTCAGCTTTGATGGAGCTGACTGTAATGGTGTGGATTACGCCCTGAACAGGCAACAATCTCTTCTTGGTTTGAAGCCCGCGGTTGGTTCCACTCCCTCTGCAAAAGGGTCATGGAGCAAGACTGGTCCTGGAACCGGCCTGCCCTGGACTACATTGAACTGTACCATTCAGCTCACAAATTTTGAGGCCCCCATCCAACGGTGGCAAGAGAAAGCAAGCATTGGCAGATACTACAAATTAAATGAAACATGGCTCAAAGTTAAAATATTTTATCTGAGCTGCAGATACAAATTAACTCAAACATGGTTCAAAGTTAAGATCTTTTATCTGAGCTACACATATATATGCAGAATAAAGACTCTTTACAGCATGCATAAACAATTGTGGGAGTATGTATCAGCTATGTTTCCTATTCTCAGTTTTAATTATGAATACTTGATTTAG</cdnaseq>
Protein Sequence	<aaseq>MEMALRPQSLLCPRSRLKVVIRPASSASGGGLAQYFLMTRRYTGSRIVRCMVSSSDCPNRKAKRTISLHTEVASSRGYAPRIAAESSIQEREHINSDEETFDTYNRLLRNESTEWKKLDTTEVDLSQDVSSSSMRKVDATDEAKLDILEDDLPRNLLNGVTMGEVDMLDEAGAEDDVFEVDLSALHNSTVGKMDAVNEVGTENDLFEVDLSALHSAAVGKVDVVDGAKAKEDLFEMDSLALHSVTMGKVDAINAAGAEGDKFEVDLSALASNNSMIEAVNVMDEAKAIEDTLEVDLSGNATSSSTYGEVKFEVDSLGNTSSTVMYGPADGAYEPRSDEVTFKVDSSENASNNVMYGRADVVDESWADEGIFEVDFFTNASSGAEYGKVDVVDEAKTDDFTFEIDSLEKDSNNKMHGKAHMVDEAWDDEAIFEVDLFGNASSIPIYGEVNVLDEARADDGKFEVDLLGNTSSNSTHEEVDVVDEAQTGEATFEVDLLGNALSSAIYKEVPVMGGAQDDEVDVDFSINASITETEKEADAVDEARVEDETFDMDLVGKQISIDSMNDDVVEEGTKHHRYPMLSSAFIEVKTIHETPVSLKPELMSVVMDQEQDKPISSVYQQEGSIFNLHAENQSTVDFHEREQMAITFDKQKESVAKLSKEDQQTAGLPEQNMSFDGVHRKSQSIIGLPFQHQSIVSSPEKYRSIVGFHGQNQSIISSHKQDKSIVGVPKKIQSIVGSTKHDDSIVGFRKQDRSIVSVPEQKQSIVGFHKQDLSIVAVSEQNLSIVAIPRESQSKQISIVRRHDPLHLKEVETKDRDGISKKSGGDDDLPHMLFEEELSQVEDVARAIAYKKQHEVDVISLTPDIQESPQDNIDPQELRRMLQELADQNCSMGNKLFVFPEAVKANSTIDVYLNRNLSALANEPDVHIKGAFNSWRWRPFTERLHKSELSGDWWSCKLHIPKEAYRLDFVFFNGRLVYDNNDSNDFVLQVESTMDEDSFEEFLVEEKKRELERVATEEAERRRHAEEQQRMGEQRAAEQAAREQAKKEIELKKNKLQNLLSSARTHVDNLWHIEPSTYRQGDTVRLYYNRNSRPLMHSTEIWMHGGCNSWTDGLSIVERLVECDDENGDWWYANVHIPEKAFVLDWVFADGPPGNARNYDNNGRQDFHAILPNAMTNEEYWVEEENCIYTRLLHEIREREEAIKIKVEKRAKMKSEMKEKTMRMFLLSQKHIVYTEPLEIRAGTTVDVLYNPSNTVLNGKPEVWFRWSFNRWMHPSGVLPPKKMVKTEDGCHLKATVSVPSDAYMMDFVFSESEEGGIYDNRNGTDYHIPVSGSNAKEPPIHIVHIAVEMAPIAKVGGLADVVTSLSRAIQELGHHVEVILPKYNFMNQSNVKNLHVRQSFSLGGTEIKVWFGLVEDLSVYFLEPQNGMFGGGWVYGGNDAGRFGLFCQSALEFLLQSGSSPHIIHCHDWSSAPVAWLYKEHYAESRLATARIIFTIHNLEFGAHFIGKAMTYCDKATTVSHTYSKEVAGHGAIAPHRGKFYGILNGIDPDIWDPYTDNFIPMHYTSENVVEGKNAAKRALQQRFGLQQTDVPIVGIITRLTAQKGIHLIKHALHRTLERNGQVVLLGSAPDPRIQSDFCRLADSLHGENHGRIYAGSDFILVPSIFEPCGLTQLVAMRYGSIPIVRKTGGLYDTVFDVDHDKDRARVLGLEPNGFSFDGADCNGVDYALNRQQSLLGLKPAVGSTPSAKGSWSKTGPGTGLPWTTLNCTIQLTNFEAPIQRWQEKASIGRYYKLNETWLKVKIFYLSCRYKLTQTWFKVKIFYLSYTYICRIKTLYSMHKQLWEYVSAMFPILSFNYEYL</aaseq>
Gene Sequence	<dnaseqindica>atggagatggctctccggcctcaaagccttctatgccctcggagcaggctgaaggtcgtcatccggccagctagcagtgccagcggtggtggcctcgcgcaggtatgattcagtttcaagaagttcatgattccggctgctcttgcttttcttgatttgcttgatccaccaagtgttcgtccttctgaaggggcatgcaagattatttactcagttacatgatctcaaatattaatattttggttgtgtttcctgtggttttgattcatttcatcttgggaacatactctggtgatgaaggggaaattcatgttatggggagttctttcctggactttcttacggttgttgatagatttgattgaaatattttgggaaatatttctgtggtcaatgatcttaattctcaaatttagattaggttaaaacaacgggactgaaagttcctttctggagatcgaaaggtagttaattctactccatttgttaaaatttccccccaagtacttgtatatttaggtctgcataatcattgaaagatttcctcatctgggctaattctgttcagttttgaagtgaagcctaaaagaccttgtcctcttgttttgatttgttgggttcttgttttgtaaggaaaaataccgctcattatgcacccccttttttatctacagttgaacattatgcatttacattaatgtgagagggtatcatccattctaaaccgacatgctaagaaatatggtttcggagtgcaattcagtataattttttaaatatttttctgacaggaattctttcaataattttatattgaggatctgagaggcatagattttttatagtaaaataacctacatatttcaaaacagcaatattgattcaaataattcaatactccctccgtccctttataattgtcgtttgggagttgtgcccccctcacaagcacagattcctagcgactaataaaaggggacagagggagtaagttctttttattgaaacatctcgagctacaatatttactttcttttctttttccagtatttcttaatgaccaggagatatactggaagcagaattgttcgatgcatggtttcaagttcaggtttgtgtaggatagcttcgtaaaagctttattaattttcttatttgctatgctaaggtcatgtttgttaaaattatatcatgcagactgtcctaataggaaagcaaagaggacgatttcccttcatacggaagtcgcttcttctaggggatatgctccgagaattgctgctgaatcaagtattcaggagcgagaacatattaatagtgatgaagaaacatttgatacgtacaacagattactacgtaatgagtcaacagagtggaaaaagttagatactactgaagtggatttgtcacaagatgtttcaagcagttcaatgaggaaagtggatgcgacggatgaagctaagctagatatacttgaggatgatttgcccagaaatttgttgaacggtgtaacaatgggggaagtagatatgttggatgaagctggggcagaagatgatgtatttgaggtggacttgtcagccttgcataattccacagtggggaaaatggatgcggtaaatgaagttgggactgaaaatgacttatttgaggtggatctgtcagcattgcatagtgctgcagtggggaaggtggatgtagtagatggagctaaagctaaagaagatttgtttgagatggattcattagcattgcacagtgttacaatggggaaggtggatgcaataaatgcagctggagctgaaggagacaaatttgaggtggatctgtctgcgctcgcgtcgaacaattcaatgatagaggcagttaatgtgatggatgaagctaaggctatagaagacacactcgaggtggatttgtcaggaaatgctacaagcagttcaacatatggggaagttaaatttgaggtggattcattaggaaatacttcaagcactgtaatgtatgggccagcggatggagcgtatgaacctcggtccgatgaagtcacttttaaggtggattcatcagaaaatgcgtcaaacaatgtaatgtatgggagagcagatgtggtggatgaatcttgggctgatgaaggcatatttgaggtggatttttttacaaatgcttcaagcggcgcagaatatggaaaagtggatgtggtggatgaagctaaaactgatgatttcacatttgagattgattcattagaaaaagattcaaacaataaaatgcatgggaaagctcatatggtggatgaagcttgggacgatgaagccatatttgaggttgatttgtttggaaatgcttcaagcattccgatatatggggaggtgaatgtgttggatgaagctcgggctgatgatggaaaatttgaggttgacttattagggaatacttctagcaattcaacacatgaggaagtggatgtggtagatgaagctcaaacaggtgaagccacatttgaggtggatttgcttggaaatgctttaagcagtgcaatatataaagaagtgcctgtcatgggtggagctcaggatgatgaagttgatgtagatttctcaataaatgcttcaatcaccgaaacagaaaaggaagcagatgcagttgatgaagctagagttgaagatgagacatttgatatggatttagtaggtaaacagatatcaatcgattctatgaatgatgatgtagttgaagaagggactaaacatcacagatatccaatgttgtcttcagcattcatagaagtcaagaccattcatgaaacacctgtaagtttaaagcctgaacttatgtcagttgtcatggatcaggaacaagacaaaccaatttccagcgtttatcaacaagaaggatcaatttttaatttgcatgcagaaaaccaatcaacggtagattttcatgaacgggagcaaatggctattacttttgataaacaaaaggaatcagttgctaaactctctaaagaagaccaacagactgctggtttacctgagcaaaacatgtcctttgatggtgtccataggaaaagccagtcaattattgggctcccatttcaacaccaatcaattgttagttcccctgaaaaataccgatcaattgtgggttttcatggacaaaatcaatcaatcatcagctctcataaacaagacaaatcaattgttggtgttcctaaaaaaattcaatccattgttggttccactaagcatgatgattcaattgttggtttccgcaaacaagacagatcaattgttagtgtgcctgagcaaaaacaatcaatagttggttttcataaacaagatctatcaattgttgctgtcagcgaacaaaatctatcaattgttgctatacctagagagagtcaatcaaagcaaatttctattgttcggagacatgatccactacatttgaaggaagtggaaacaaaggatagagatggcatatctaaaaaatctggtggtgacgatgatttgccacatatgctcttcgaagaagagctttcacaggttgaagatgtagcaagggcaatcgcctataaaaagcagcatgaagttgatgtaatctctttgactccagatatccaggagtcaccacaggacaatatcgacccacaagaactccgaaggatgctccaagaacttgctgaccagaattgttcaatgggtaacaagcttttcgtttttccagaggcagtgaaggctaattcgacaattgatgtatatttgaatcgtaacctatcggctttggcgaatgagcctgatgtccacatcaaaggagcattcaatagttggagatggaggcctttcaccgaaagactgcacaagagtgaattgagtggggattggtggtcttgcaaactgcacatacccaaggaagcttatagattagactttgtgttcttcaatggtcgtttagtctatgataacaatgatagtaatgattttgtgctgcaagtagaaagtacaatggatgaagattcctttgaggagttcttggttgaagaaaagaaaagagaacttgagagagttgccactgaagaagctgaaaggaggaggcatgctgaagagcagcagcgaatgggagaacaaagggctgcagaacaagctgccagggaacaggctaagaaggagatagagttgaagaagaacaaattgcaaaatctgttgagttcagccagaacacatgttgataatttgtggcacatagagcctagcacatatagacaaggggacactgtcagattgtactataacagaaactcaaggccgcttatgcatagtactgagatctggatgcatggtggttgcaatagttggactgatggactctctattgttgaaagacttgtcgaatgtgatgacgaaaatggtgattggtggtatgctaatggtatgatattacacatttttctcttacttgggtaggagtatattagagcatcataagatacattaccacattagcgtagggcttctagaaaaaaaaatccttgttctagttatcttgcactcttatttttttggtttacttgggtaagaatatatgtaatgcattgcttttcgttttaaacagttcatatacctgaaaaggcctttgtattggactgggtttttgctgacgggccacctggaaatgcaaggaattatgacaacaatggtcgacaagattttcatgctattcttccaaatgccatgactaacgaagaatattgggttgaagaggaaaactgtatctatacaaggcttctccacgagatcagagaacgggaggaagctattaaaataaaggtcagtcaaaatagaatctttaaatatggacttggttatttgatccagagttttacaacatggttctgatgtattttgttggctgacgaattctcttgcaattgttctatttgtaattaacttgcgtagagctaatgaacttcacatgtgaaatcaggtttttgaccaaccgattaccttctttttttttgtggggatgtttttgaccaaataagttactatttcacatcctaagacatgttataaaattcatccaaactcagtattctttcaaatatacaataattaatttgaccagttagatcattcttcactttgaacttgtgccttaagctgactgttttgaccaaacgaattgatggcccacccagttagcagttagcactatttattggaacttctgttataccatattatattattcaaggaaaaatgtagttgttcactgtcatgtatatatcttgatgttttgaacatcagatatatgttgtgaagtccttcggcttactattcccacttttttgcttgtacaggttgagaaaagagcaaaaatgaaatctgagatgaaggaaaagactatgagaatgtttctactttctcagaaacacattgtttatactgaaccacttgaaatacgtgctggaacaactgtggatgttctatataatccttctaatacggtgctgaatggaaagccagaggtttggtttaggtggtcctttaaccgatggatgcatccaagtggtgttttaccacccaagaagatggtgaaaacagaagatggttgtcacttaaaagcgacaggtttgagcttgacttgttacattgttccttttaatgctgatagatttatatgatacatgtactgatgtgcacttttatccattaatatatattattaagtgctactggaccattaattgatcaagcactgttgaagtatatgtctagcaatgttccaactttgatccataaatggtatctagtaccaattttgaaacctgaatcacaaggtgacataattatactattctgaagagctagctagtttagtgcctaaatgagctacgacaattctgtaactggagttttctaaatgttataactgcaaaaaatctagctggtttactgtagacataattcattataatatctagtatatcgcagtctaacccagaagagctcaaaatttcaaactactttggattattactcaactcttggtaaaaggtggcaatttggtgattaaactcaataatgtcctgtcaaaatttaccttttatgtttaacttattttggaactttggttggtatatcgttcagtttactcaatattacagtgtaatacattttttcccttccatattcattagtccctgttatgttccttctccagttagtgttccatcggatgcttatatgatggactttgttttctctgagtcggaagaaggtggaatctatgacaacaggaatgggacagactatcatattcctgtttctggttccaatgcaaaggagcctcccattcatattgtccatatagcggttgagatggcacccattgcaaaggtaagccatattaccatgtaaaattttctgtggctagcaacagtgctagacatcaacacttgccaagttatctgttatttctatgtgcataaagtaatgccatactctgtaatctccaattacaggttggaggccttgctgacgttgtcacaagtctttcacgtgcaattcaagagttaggccatcatgttgaggttattctcccgaaatataattttatgaatcaaagcaatgtaagttcaagtagcacaacagcctatgtttctcctattatataatatattatttatttattttcggtttctgtggtggttttgtcgctaagaaactcaaatcgaagagctctctattttaagagagtctattacgatactgtatatggatgtgctccgtgttgtccttcctttctcagttagttaggatttgtgttagatatgtggattgctgtcaaatattcgaaatgtaccttaatatatcatatacaattctagttctaaattttgtattatttgaaaaaaaataactttttcatgtcttgtccttgatgcacaagaactatggaggcaaagaggacttgtcaagtgtagcagagaactcaagaatatagaaaagtggattttatatcttgtatgaaccatgtttcatccgtttcaatgcaggtgaagaatttgcatgtacgtcaaagcttttctttgggtggtacagaaattaaagtgtggtttggactagttgaagacctgtctgtttacttcttggaacctcaaaatgggtatgttgcatctcattcttcacacaaacatagctattagtctattactcttgtttcacgaaaaccatcatccctaatccttatactagctaatgcacagttcactaagcctaagatgcagggtatgatatccttctaaaaaccaattgttggttcctgtcgagtacaagagctaacttagtactccctctgttttttaatagatgacgccgttgactttttctcacatgtttgaccattcgtcttattcaaaaattttatgcaaatgtatacgatataaatcacacttaaagaactatgagtgataaaacaactcataacaaaataaattataattccgtaaatattttgaataagacgaatggtcaaacatgtgagaaagtcaacggcgtcatctattaaaaaacggaggtagtaccagttattcaaaccttggccagtttaggcccttcttttgatccctccttccactgcagtatgcatattattattttttttcaagtatgtgatacaaatctgaaatctaaatataagaattaaaggtacaatcaccaaatgcaacccaccagaagtataatgatttcgattttttttttcatttttagtcttcaatatcattctctttctttgtttccatgttttgcctcagctggtagtctgagcagaatagttctgttctaagcttagattgcaaaattgtttttgagaatccatgtaatgtgttttgccgctccttagcatggatggtggtttaaatcttttcccttaatacgaagatatgcaaatctttttcttagtttgggtcgcaaaattgtttgtgatttttttgagaatgttatgcactgatcatgattctacttcagttattagaattggtatctttagtcctctaaccttgaccaaacaattgtgacctattcagctctttgactaggcataaggacctagccagggttaaagagtttgctggttcgagctcaaatcaggatatctgagaacaacctggccttgccctttctcagcctatattggcctttactgggaacacaaattgcttgggtagcattagtatttagctagtttatatttatttcgatttttgctctaccatatccatgaactgcaagttctctacacaacttcatggcgctgaattgacagaagaacatttgtaagatgcaccagggcttaggtgattacaccacactgtactataattcatacacatgctagtataattatttactcctgactggttcagttcctgtatgatgatttcagttatcgcaggaactgttttggagattgtttccttgtaggtggcttcacagaataatcaatttggcatgtcttgtggcaggatgtttgggggtggatgggtatatggagggaacgatgctggcagatttggcttgttctgtcagtctgctctagagttcctccttcagagtggatcttctccagtaagtatttctctaattgaaaacttccaagtccaaaatcagtgataaaagagaattttttacttttggtaataaatatattgttttttcctcttgatattttcttcacgttcttgttttccatgcttgcatttcattatgtcaaaacatgtttaagtcactgacttatttgctgcattagccttttctttcccagtcactttttcaccttacattcactttactcctcttttcaaaaagagtgacattttatcgtcctgacagcatataatacactgccatgattggtcaagtgcaccagttgcctggctatacaaggaacactatgcagaatccaggttggcaactgcccggattatatttaccatccataatcttgagtttggagcacattttattggaaaagcaatgacatactgcgacaaagccacaactgtgagtgcctgattgtcttgaagagttttatcatctagtttggtgcattttcatgttatatgaaaaataaaattattttcatatgttcaaacatcttcatgtctgtcttgccataccttgcaggtttctcacacgtattcaaaggaagtcgcaggtcatggtgccatagctcctcatcgtggaaaattctatggaattctcaatggaattgatccagatatctgggatccatatactgataacttcatcccggtatagtcatgatagtcgaatacatttttatacaactaccagtccatatgtatttgatcttggtaaactaaaacaaagtttgcttgggttgccaattatgcgcactcataagattatcactttaactaatacttttgtgatagttgtcctaatatgtaattattgaaagtgcaaatgcacactgatgccacagtattgccccaaacatttttcatgttttgcttatttcatcctatgtcagatgcattatacttctgaaaatgtggttgaaggcaagaatgctgcaaagagagcattgcagcagaggtttggactgcagcagactgatgtccccattgttggaatcatcactcgtctgacagcccagaagggtatccacctcattaaacatgcacttcatcggacacttgaacgcaatggacaggttaatcatttgatgacaatcttctagtgtctccctagaacttgcttttccctttcgcaattatttttgccgacctatctgaaacaagtgatgtgtttgctttttaggtggttttgcttggttcagctccagatcctcggatacagagtgatttctgcagattggctgatagtcttcatggtgaaaaccatggcagggttagactatgtttaacttatgacgagcctctctcacacctggtcagttccaatatcctacaccatcaaattggtctaaaaaaattgttgctggctaataatttcagtgattctgctacagatatatgctggctctgacttcatccttgttccatccatctttgaaccttgcggtttgactcaacttgttgccatgcgctatggatccatccctattgttcggaaaaccggaggtgagtgtacataataacatgtacatatatgagctttcttactgacctcaaggaccataaaaatgctttacatacatagatagcttactggtactcctatgattcattctctcctttctttgcacatcatgagctgaacgtgaatcctattttcttcacgcgcaggactttacgacactgttttcgacgtagaccatgacaaagaccgggctcgagttctaggccttgaaccaaatgggttcagctttgatggagctgactgtaatggtgtggattacgccctgaacaggcaagtacctccacacctcacaattgtgtgaatgcacaattgagctgaacataatcgtacagaaccccgagccaaattcatcatgtgacatccgtgtggtttgtgtgcttggtggtctattgtttatgtgtcttccatgtaatcgcaaacaaaaaaagaagaagaattatcttccctaattcaatcatatattatcttattcatgcaatgtttgctacccttttgcagagcaatctcttcttggtttgaagcccgcggttggttccactccctctgcaaaagggtcatggagcaagactggtcctggaaccggcctgccctggactacattgaactgtaccattcagctcacaaattttgaggcccccatccaacggtggcaagagaaagcaagcattggcagatactacaaattaaatgaaacatggctcaaagttaaaatattttatctgagctgcagatacaaattaactcaaacatggttcaaagttaagatcttttatctgagctacacatatatatgcagaataaagactctttacagcatgcataaacaattgtgggagtatgtatcagctatgtttcctattctcagttttaattatgaatacttgatttagtaccagaaccgtgtacatatgtttgcaaaattgcaagtaaaatgaaggtgtagaactataatgttgttctatggtttcttttgcgctacatctggactatggctatggcgtggctgtgtatgccttgcaagagaaatattcccaatgacaatatatggctgctcaattggcttccaggtc</dnaseqindica>
External Link(s)	RefSeq:Os08g0191433

References

<references>

• <ref name="ref4">

Naoko Fujita;Mayumi Yoshida;Tomonori Kondo;Kaori Saito;Yoshinori Utsumi;Takashi Tokunaga;Aiko Nishi;Hikaru Satoh;Jin-Hee Park;Jay-Lin Jane;Akio Miyao;Hirohiko Hirochika and Yasunori Nakamura. Characterization of SSIIIa-Deficient Mutants of Rice: The Function of SSIIIa and Pleiotropic Effects by SSIIIa Deficiency in the Rice Endosperm. Plant Physiology, 2007, 144(4): 2009-2023.